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PROCEEDINGS Saint: Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands Yacht maven Hotel FIRST CARIBBEAN ISLANDS — WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS RST CARIBBEAN ISLANDS PROCEEDINGS OF THE FI SOURCES CONGRESS WATER RESO TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Keynote Address « « . vse a ceutiamennes sos Somes CO." Warman 1 A History of Desalting Water in the Virgin Islands...0. 232020 seeaw sae O.K. Buros - 6 Inter-Islands Water Supply Transfer: The Puerto Rico — St. Thomas Pipeline SEUGY. cc cies ss shaw e cows eg eee eenimeecnses Emilio Col6én . and José A. Martinez .. 2 Water Quality Management and Protec- tion in the Netherlands Antilles....... Gerald E. Engelbrecht 42 Water Resources in the Area of the College of the Virgin Islands, .St. Thomas: A Pilot Investigation...... Fernando Gdmez—Gomez 54 Seismic Design of Buried Water a Conduits, in Puerto Rico. cesses sss c'os Rafael Jiménez-Pérez and José A. Gonzalez 65 = An Integrated Approach to River Basin Rural Development: L'ACUL Riber, Hatta sane eos SF Scenes so 2 wis sya wetereieys as Se . Laurence A. Lewis “79 Water Quality in Rain Forest Streams OF PUSTRO RLCOe cise ise a 22 ermseree one Oi William H. McDowell 94 Agricultural Utilization of Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants....... Lueny Morell de Ramirez and-Jaime Benitez - 108. i Water Supply Augmentation Using = Small Reservoirs......... o wrerereroretey & xo 0s Gregory L. Morris 125 » An Industrial Water Demand Function En Puerto, RICO... cee cence wereieeeee ow ae 8 José A. Garcia Luina ey and Roopchand Ramgolam 143 = On the Problems of Monitoring Fresh 4 Water Lenses on Small Islands.......... Peter Ravenscroft 169 mo Removal of Metals in Wastewater br Through Adsorption with Inert Biolo- ; -Bical Sludges..... ccc ce cee wees yetane Bete Roque A. Roman-Seda 191 Pages Water Resource Planning Model . in Agriculture for Use in Caribbeans... Laxman Sighn 226 Agricultural Water Requirement and Resource Matching for Antigua and MONESELLAat.rccccecvccccccces $0 ewa eee wes K.P. Srivastava 246 Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality , --Programs in Small Islands.......... +... Terrence P. Thompson’. ' 263 Water-Resources Investigation of : . Vieques Island, Puerto Rico..... eeeeee. Sigfredo Torres-Gonzalez - 298 Use of Scavenger-Production Well Couples to Optimize Withdrawal of Freshwater from Saline Aquifers in ; . Huereo RICO. sececcccccccvecevons eee eee - Allen Zack “3 312 a Penemnes, to rs re a es boo). KEYNOTE ADDRESS by. "Dr. James C. Warman* * Director, Water Resources Research Institute, “Auburn University Alabama 36849. Dose t - Chairman, ‘National Association of Water’ Institute Directors, = ? i . Everyone in this First Caribbean Island Water Resources Congress knows that water plays a critical role in the total-resource systems, both nacural and human. Historic concerns about supply, floods, drought and erosion were vastly broadened as we have grown into consideration of all of the water: re- sources problems in the use, planning and development of water. We also have grown to consider water as a segment of planning and coordinating the compre- ‘hensive development of our human, economic, and physical resources. _ Dr. Herman Kahn, co-founder of. the Hudson Institute, is described in a - recent issue of Readers Digest as one of the foremost brains of the century. We research faculty in colleges and universities must relearn Dr. Kahn's _ early lesson about the human factor. As a little boy working in his aunt's food market he analyzed customer orders over a typical week and then confi- -dentially presented her with a money saving projection on how many of each size grocery bags she’ should stock. 'She introduced Herman to the human factor by telling him, “Customers all want large bags so they can carry out the garbage". , | | - The human factor plays an important role as we try to focus our univer- sity based water resources research programs on the priextty problems.. Whose problem? Whose priority? The September 1980 issue of Civil Engineering featured a 14 page special section entitled "The Environment of the 1980's"-- defining the most urgent problems facing the United States and the world. The writers stated that. the key environmental issues and problems will stem from our struggle to come to grips with the energy crisis. They also predict that ground water pollution’ and pollution from non-point sources will be major issues. - Does their water problem statement agree with yours? ‘One of the difficulties of setting priorities for water. research can_ be illustrated by attempting to answer two questions: , od From a technical standpoint, what is the number’ one water tesources problem in your area today, and 2. From a political standpoint, in what problem areas would you spend your research money today? Listen: to the language from Congressional hearings -- ."Set disciplined reseatch priorities based on real public needs -- then stick with them to make the best use of scarce research dollars". Listen again: "Priorities must be more than scientific -- they must recognize and build on social, political and economic realities". priorities also must recognize and build on the mission of our. colleges and universities. From that viewpoint we would not adopt priorities that result in a directed research program. | Rather, we would design a focused ‘research program that ‘is related to our graduate teaching programs’ and that seeks answers to identified societal problems while continuing to probe for definition of new areas of inquiry - | | | We are faced with two scarce components in our research programs. - One is manpower -- the highly.skilled and dedicated individuals who are the re- search-oriented faculties of our colleges and universities. The other scarce component is financial support. Here comes the part where he tells us how to. _ get that extra $100,000 grant. Right? Wrong! ‘Dr. George A: Keyworth, who until late June was President Reagan's “science advisor, noted that ‘the Federal government has increased its support . for basic research and cut nondefense funding for applied research and develop- ment. Dr. Keyworth said, "The primary role of. the Federal government in scien-. - ‘ce and technology is to support high-quality basic research". Research in poke re ae Ses Se Crates Ca df ¥ e! Rat veh ead & 1 TaN pee eth edad one enieas: bobordethe. vibe ra Sent oe) this dit -such fields as neurophysiology, molecular biology, microelectronics, materials” sciences, astronomy and high-energy physics will shape the technological possi- bilities of the 2lst century. New technology from research in such exotic fields will help solve water resources problems. By its very nature, high technology requires a large investment in basic scientific research, much of which is best undertaken in an academic rather than an induetrial setting. Colby H. Chandler, Chief Executive Officer of Eastman Kodak Co., says eouperseion between fadueretal, and academic scientists is vital to.a high-tech future. Today oniy about 10% of univeratty based re- . search is supported by industry. We are working to imptove that while maintain- ‘ing the distinction between Seeearah that may ‘anpropridtely be done by univer- sities and research that is more appropriately done in the private sector. Our state universities were established in a national framework by the Federal Land Grant Acts of 1862 and 1890, and shattered by the states in the “pervdce bE focal public needs. Our universities have grown, changed ‘tremend- ously,- and prospered. In.the area of research, together with some 25 leading independent research universities, they conduct perhaps 80 percent of all the basic research Jn the United States -- research vital. to the national: pros- perity and security. | | Dr. Edward Bloustein, president of Rutgers University and chairman of the ‘National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges, recently announced establishment in the NASULGC of a special. committee to undertake the first major study. of state universities in two decades -- the first attempt to reexamine And restate the mission of these institutions since they were founded over a century ago. The goal is a concensus of educators and state and federal legislators on the role of state universities as we approach the year 2000. ~ New opportunities? Yes! “Where?- Wherever. jou are} When? Now ond in‘tlie future! You can wake it happen. Build your research on what you have, not on what you don't have. Be a part of the changing role of our universities. © See ee mec mene Scene eee AS eee ie eee meee