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le rf re, > By Ye = = ~~ aes % ad aT — Sar i. | at . Ta) sf t: . Ro Las : ~~. FN == as | | eS -~ o-«> ‘A ou, _— oi | ee | _ Se 7 a” — 4 —— fi Fer SS “x hoa BF. at vs ay eg So - ~ eh = \ ee tS =< _ — r- “4 oo Mm, =" —* rm tt Fhe a a 2 a el te Growth of Senepol-sired Calves at Zulia, Venezuela Animal Genetics School of Veterinary Sciences The University of Zulia William Isea Villasmil Rafael Maria Roman Bravo Yenen Villasmil Ontiveros Jose A. Aranguren Mendez S 8 2 ai do wD oy ae MAR CARIBE MAR CARIBE . ape ¢ =) Asuncién es ae we Ses. ory Valen - Cumana. a lt J ta ieee oss — a ae OCEANO Lago de ot ». wa heen 7 fu - } Cart + ATLANTICO & r ian ee b i\ ae — 7 Ve & “¥ & ww ~ ay gj b de = Ue a) ~— a 7. Se 4) os Be: MA Noss or (ele os ih a a hd a ee“ ~~ ¢ Judah mj as ein e ig Li sal P P a —_ EX po) ro ini yo by TRE “GUAYANE = ae pe /ESEQUIBA Hi —— : 7 “a “a 3 \ e DN Ail yo Rodlapiasiop ~ 3 oe Fe © at } " MAPA FISICO, RELIEVE E HIDROGRAFIA "h it a st = DE VENEZUELA DD, a 3 ~S ee hi eo a 5.000 La as Daw SP 2.000 “] 1.000 ees ch 250 = |) mS i 100 . « a, Le ad _ Metros sobre el nivel del mar 4 — — GOLFO DE VENEZUELA } | et | ae Pade: nte Padilla Tata Mara oS sey = FALCON ae oe et ih a. 7 det Ge Embaise Jesus Enrique Losadsa Ma: Maricora an Concepciéne Fay = SamFrancisco idn } Rosario + per ja Canada Cab < ce de Urdaneta rte ina Lagunilla a3, Simon Bo N Cuda OS Val ore, Rodrigue Machiques ee 12. jachaquera S N Machiques de Perija LAGO jaralt DE MARACAIBO =" "¢ SS TRUJILLO ey Jesus Marla Fi el: at, Semprun Francisco Javie San Carlos PUTS: del Zulia Sucre Pueblo Nu {El Chive Casigua’ Le Colén EI Cubo il MERIDA TACHIRA ESTADO ZULIA SAN PEDRO S A N P E D R O P I L O T F A R M Objectives To investigate the combining ability of Senepol for growth when bred to Bos taurus dairy cows. To estimate the productivity of the crossbred dam. To demonstrate the effects of farm and the sire*farm interaction on calf growth. Farms, tropical climate, and calf nursing San Pedro: sub-humid, 6-month suckling Yapacana: very dry, 8-month suckling El Rincon: dry, 6-month suckling Puerto Nuevo: dry, 8-month suckling ie 2 os ee, ~~ ', a. - -* « -. % “ ae wa + +! a trembe Aldine = ee * - ~_ = Re, rere), ~~ > po cad & ! “ mm 2 ‘oy i ng —” 5) aay ." pont «> S a c te he? >* ie ~~ ¥ vated be “ae i a ta 2G eRe - Lied = a +. < - od o - o Mathematical model Birth, weaning and yearling weights, and ADG adjusted at 205-d and 365-d = General mean + Farm + Dam’s breed of sire + Sire + Sire*Farm + Calf sex + Cow age + Hair color of calf + Random error ANOVA FOR GROWTH TRAITS OF THE CALF ADJUSTED AT 205-d AND 365-d SOURCE d of f 205-d wt 205-d ADG 365-d wt 365-d ADG Farm 3 P<0.001 P<0.001 P<0.001 P<0.001 Dam’s breed of Sire 6 Sire 5 P<0.05 P<0.05 Sire * Farm 15 P<0.05 P<0.01 Calf sex 1 P<0.05 P<0.05 Calf color 2 P<0.05 Cow age 1 Residual 151 28% 10% 16% 10% 10% 26% SIRE’S PROGENY SE-07A CN-5562 WC-947 RAB-125 CRSC-23F CN-5664 oh eas | ‘4 ? S —_ s -—* eee “+ 4» — ? a a z « c y _ - |= e's. j 4 ee &, Re qe man. >» * eS Sn a ae ee x 2 ee aad Sa 2 Me 2: fF "er oe ~ = a =e ts “Se : te aoa oa i aes oS ~~ a : “Se La. Ya = > * —= ale a * —— ~~ > -. — -— a Cac! tie ae ee —— _— — a =—* +2" nd a —~“-* bpd a #: ~~ ‘* on - —_. < ra ees a dope paed a i rT Yom fn >i ae iA = af Ate AT ye ed va ot Mg *t ‘ —_ Bid) § t< qi iS Po] cae, Si & ‘<0 ae a" Uf; it , ales et eZ a ¥ Bok p cacy 9% 29% 25% 9% 10% 4% 14% Brahman [B] Holstein [H] [H x B] [H] x Criollo Swiss x [B] Senepol Swiss DAM’S BREED OF SIRE PROGENY Ee wr zy ot: pa 1G ae ~ = vey Fig -=s a y C475 var aa oo \ <M . sy a $ ie at ear + ae sf © ae “ a eH fi] hs ih “ { ae % Fa * aru < iv a whet Pol ay Ar us ae ae ‘a ihe i¢ am ae) Spe = Pie a) ‘ww — ua ae ey a Po pee Wo. ras aie Ms “i Se: us “4 NA? , Le -— aq Ale b Py & ae tte a RF Ts by > > Boise Fe Ree “s at ae air nt a€ Be oy ae ’- EY fe nae ay <r Ta. y a ral We 74 Clad ga Fy tp " <4 cf Se: = - 1 a ¢ A iia "as ris = 4 * | J = # e x se es) ee ‘Bae ats yi ) = t i | ap sad Ades — (S i —— ee ws é Swi: * ee aS Ae a) pas FE . a eee 7 a ye SS — | ie a — we =F aad = ee. Sigs hyo =< ee tne ge —— <= —< eS gt + > lee —. it a os = robe -- a= —_ ree nom a. = — Haw ~—_o we = eh ate m=. 5 ~~ et —_ a = are he = rp a th rs Frc a pe a Sr Se a = a Bs Te Fo aes a eo 2m Se me te. 3 oe Mage te ne ron gi’ Yak 7 oe, a = rs re 2, ars te vow —_2 ere wm" pl ly i ¢ it} i, | Hy = Mt my vie 3,4, me bw LA ie 2 St, him at 4 ¥ BY eS Ade t 28 Ae ay Po} ak det at Sy Men ey ars vif hee Lyne i Big vel ey pis. ip gi =" ¥ =~ BAL, eng fe al Bee eae Sak wt oe &S oe te, =4 et eae . « rm nt A ~e ai! Z4 OP ete e whe Dik a . a 7 =] gn; TiN i i= Se Ste > My Se: 3 a % = ae he Chen | Tes be I — hey ~ wes 44 a: = == yy ge, Na ~ RTH a ¥- - eee F, is S. — a=. a peer am Oe 1 Aj a. Whi aw Ye I See = jo : az -_ = J —— — ” <— a = 9. Lats Vt = -— a an aie = =. ae oy wire eet ss * at © ae z = “e i ‘a » Lye) aS. an GROWTH TRAITS BY FARM FARM 205-d wt kg 205-d ADG kg/d 365-d wt kg 365-d ADG kg/d El Rincon 121.0 4.6a 0.446 0.022a 173.7 6.9 0.317 0.042 Puerto Nuevo 141.7 6.0 0.541 0.029 251.1 8.7a 0.668 0.053a San Pedro 104.4 2.9 0.363 0.014 197.5 4.8 0.592 0.029a Yapacana 119.2 5.1a 0.431 0.025a 263.0 7.6a 0.886 0.046 aMeans without letter differ (P<0.01). ADJUSTED WEIGHTS BY SIRE BREED OF DAM 0 50 100 150 200 250 BR HO HO x BR HO x CR SW x BR SE SW 205-d wt, kg 365-d wt, kg CALF WEIGHTS BY SIRE 0 50 100 150 200 250 BWT WWT YWT Kg SE07A CN5562 WC947 RAB125 CRSC23F CN5664 AVERAGE DAILY GAINS BY SIRE 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 205-D ADG 365-D ADG SE07A CN5562 WC947 RAB125 CRSC23F CN5664 Kg/d 0 0.5 1 1.5 El Rincon Puerto Nuevo San Pedro Yapacana CN5664 CRSC23F RAB125 WC947 CN5562 SE07A YEARLING AVERAGE DAILY GAIN BY SIRE*FARM INTERACTION KG / D GROWTH TRAITS BY SEX SEX 205-d wt, kg 205-d ADG, kg/d 365-d wt, kg 365-d ADG, kg/d Female 119.2 3.2 0.435  0.016 216.2 4.9a 0.596  0.030a Male 123.9 3.3 0.456  0.016 226.4 5.1 0.635  0.031 aP < 0.05. 205 210 215 220 225 230 YEARLING WEIGHT BY HAIR COLOR OF THE CALF KG WEANING RATE AND WEIGHT, AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE COW1 BY FARM FARM Weaning rate % Weaning weight kg Cow productivity Difference % El Rincon 92.8 133.7 124.1 -7.2 Puerto Nuevo 41.5 152.5 63.3 -58.5 San Pedro 88.4 112.6 99.5 -11.7 Yapacana 52.2 125.0 65.3 -47.7 1PCF = kg of calf weaned per cow exposed; weaning rate = pregnancy rate x survival rate = ee “- 23 + RS = ee a «- 6. Ss ee a — “a 4 = =o ~e = ees By i A ne me iy = | ae <E “as hy ” > %, ite Pe i) ee ——_ yt eS poy cigs OR ‘e Ne Poa rs,” \ . ” rd 1 Pink ee Aa Ye ae > ee hed = 1 aie > “a> we | tR Sv ef > > * ier, J. oe ze a) pre LS ah 2 8 ree wn ab Ge 4 _ oe tae io, » Pe on) _ rm < -* A > * < af ee ‘><> 2% »* em ++ ety Tao: fyane we 2° *« > 45 ee, ide ne ”" ““s > a a - ~~’ a eal Gio y $e, gts ~~, oe we *% t. Re a ie ‘s ‘ey as we ¥ 7 > as - ~ — --+ a ~ t+ - —s “~~ ~~ fe «4 a* -*~ ve . ong ’ -* a. ve --* VS as ae i el ~~ - “Vy ~e re #s -~— Tg ~ aA _* a * > ~ .. ag “. et wt ad 4 - 2 t. - os. Ae -_ ~ ~ as ' ~~ wee »> o> fe iy i & a “—*. i w~< a ee or at a. 7+ mr J . o~ 4 ——_ er ea" ae ae “A 2 ee - -¥, vv sa —_ < pe ye al mm "7. oe ~ + es BST —— os se b= ain, 2a oe Aha eons — =r = — ——— ——-= a TT =e are ——- | ne Sey on ** as — i—_ oe tee want ws = o- i ee aes a = Se ceeeeneeees ~~ — oe esis — 7 ~~ . = = Tex ae =e a Pe . aie Re Me’ 9 .% ro wn A t +,¢ als WY - hy aaa aa ~ A oe _ % = -* » ss Lt P: (toe? A ® an 4 A Yay ¥ Cs a0 Ue ei et. .4 _ wet ye ~ ~* ve .* A) F ‘s Lore. ~~ * —reg s-* i, ry g= ne SS ct “ -¥ we + -——_ ~ oa 2 =h hy = id aN. oh Ses o~ ad s “whee io, wv See cy ‘+ ~ i, ~~ Pete! 5 ia ee ae ee “IDA “Tal ~— J Re LF We ~~ tio = iq “i ss SS 7 -s o>. <s < a, Sa oF “> = A — —e *+s oo «> a 0 > a fa® yh “se VAM tf« as + he ~~ fh a “ ~~ o gr. ~* at aay rps 4 tes’ * x? — re «*" *« —* rere ih ~~ se a5 i agr es ae nae Naser re ve. + in ok a > y,* 7 use * ead i at + SNE a — “A fer, as re — 13 ae C/- ORS ‘nt o, Pk ay A J P= Ome ae ro wl ee = get. -_ a | re os nf ~~ re Pp ad ~ aN eA =e Hs fan 2 4 aa pret a rs co So, VRS at So Fhe ve x we Lente Mey oo sc pec: “<8 er 5 ‘i at gee bod 4s La ings fr <s ~ We Si ‘Ye oe ae at Bot Bonk == Le re ‘< = ~ iy x &. = 5 a ™ Sie = é vw oor ¥ = st wae WES? ~ Ey et i SRD: 2m >) et Neg a =. Pant a> % Rot Joa e\ Ox ZA / a) an aN we a te —— i a aa ~ - mt =~) = f ts > one a — a - a a il ba mee aN I ~ Aken th at | ar wa? ~§ ~ + -~, > - Sr to, << es mee Ce el wheel > > -* ors > ———_ re =. Por i de ~ “a OT. aot zh abe 7.8 a a - Pe pe =~ Ph _~ ~y, =~ “ “Pr, A h a af i os ee as ww ea) % > ~* + — ~—~< aye ae — * ¢- of e* i res ah - a al ~ -< & eS Fangs aye ofS rte iP tie vee a) 52° ~- <7 vee ts lees ss bs it as oc = ak — a re oF = wa a 12 > ‘am - -_ <a — - 4 hoon <? = say ieee a « ~ — — Fer ~~ ——— ~*~» we a a? ~~ ~~ ~~ C O N C L U S I O N S  PRE- AND POSTWEANING GROWTH TRAITS DIFFERENCES WERE FOUND IN SENEPOL-SIRED CALVES INFLUENCED (P<0.05 to P<0.001) BY FARM, SIRE WITHIN BREED, SIRE*FARM INTERACTION, SEX AND COLOR OF THE CALF.  SIRES CN-5562 WITHIN FARM, AND CN-5564 BETWEEN FARMS WERE IDENTIFIED AS THE MOST TRANSMITTING BULLS FOR GROWTH OF THEIR PROGENIES.  EXISTENCE OF IMPORTANT INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE GENETICS POTENTIAL OF THE CALF FOR GROWTH AND DISTINCT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN WESTERN VENEZUELA, HIGHLY ASSOCIATED TO THE INFLUENCE OF THE SERVICE SIRE, IS REPORTED.  THE HIGHER THE WEANING RATE, THE GREATER PRODUCTIVITY OF THE COW, IN TERMS OF TOTAL KG OF CALF WEANED PER COW EXPOSED WITHIN FARM.  RESEARCH ON SENEPOL BEGINNING TO GENERATE IN VENEZUELA WILL HELP PRODUCERS DEMANDING OTHER BREED ALTERNATIVES FOR COMMERCIAL DUAL PURPOSE CATTLE OPERATIONS IN TROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE NATIONAL HERDS. AKNOWLEDMENTS • The authors wish to express their sincere gratitude to the USA SENEPOL CATTLE BREEDERS ASSOCIATION and to GENPROCA DE VENEZUELA, for their huge contribution in donating the frozen semen for execution of the Senepol Project at Zulia, Venezuela. • Infinite thanks to Mrs. Beatriz Guzman and to Mr. Aristides Martinez for their friendship and support. Thanks a my . > oF wt i= es Me ae - :% ss AR ‘eo can eI uf ae 4 & Ss. Z “Fe? Ws a — Te 2.5 — * e- Vy — re oe oe a —— = < § ay Sa —s es 4 — ary ‘7 + -% y SF 1 5 ae 3 4 oe — ls = eer | ys > 4 ed a | ‘ ~~ he hr 7 Fi =D 44 => t tr = Kee / a fA s = ae SS =m a Ky 4 a ae XX Wt fs SS ae st = Zi Py we pa a. § Ve = arg ja xs Se se} = A = Bi is a ~—sO a ~le PE Paes. & & 2 KE K3 = 44