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PROCEEDINGS SIXTH CARIBBEAN ISLANDS WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS Edited by Walter F. Silva Araya Associate Professor General Engineering Deparument University of Pucrto Rico at Mayaguez Mayague7, Puerto Rico, 00680 Sponsored by: Puerto Rico Water Resources and Environmental Research Institute Co-Sponsored by Virgin Islands Water Resources Research Center University of the Virgin Islands United States Geological Survey Water Resources Division Center. for Hemispherical Cooperation University of Puerto Rico American Water Works Association-Puerto Rico American Society of Civil. Engineers, Puerto Rico MA Arquitecs and Engineers February 22-23, 2001 " Mayagtiez, Puerto Rico INDEX OF PAPERS FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGM ENTS FOREWORD Water resources and environmental problems in the tropics have a significant impact on the ecosystems and human activities. The great variety of climatic conditions found produces different responses in a small piece of land. Therefore, research in the Caribbean Islands is being done in areas such as: use and protection of limited freshwater resources, including surface and groundwater; droughts in dry areas with restrictions in water availability, water use and distribution; and extreme hydrologic events such as flash floods and hurricane phenomena. As a consequence, a group of active researchers is required to develop comprehensive watershed management strategies, propose solutions to stringent water availability, and propose new technologies and methodologies for the efficient use of the resources and the preservation of the ecosystems. Join efforts among all the participants is necessary for finding comprehensive solutions. The group of papers contained in this PROCEEDINGS were selected among those who answered a call for abstracts for this Congress. A draft of a full paper was requested after the abstract acceptance. After a peer-review process, the final manuscripts were included in this CD for the benefit of researchers, practitioners and students. , -The wide range of topics included in the Congress is a representative sample of the research and development efforts done by Universities, Federal and Local Government Agencies and private companies. Watershed management, water quality treatment, surface and groundwater quantity and quality studies and extreme hydrologic events are a representative example of the extent of scientific and engineering areas found in the tropics. Emerging methodologies and techniques, as well as, the fulfillment of new regulations, require that the environmental and water resources. community be updated. The “PROCEEDINGS OF THE. SIXTH CARIBBEAN ISLANDS WATER RESOURCES CONGRESS” is a modest but important contribution to this goal. _ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The organization of the Sixth Caribbean Islands Water Resources Congress was possible due to contributions from many persons who collaborated in the different aspects of this activity. Thanks to all the reviewers who spend their time reading and improving the papers for the benefit of all. Special thanks to the support staff from the Puerto Rico Water Resources and Environmental Research Institute, Sarita Feliciano, Adalberto Rios and Sofia Cruz. Thanks to Mirian Romero who cooperated in the logistics and preparation of the Congress, and the art and webpage designers, Victor Ramirez, Ratl Lugo and Francisco Silva. Finally, the Organizers are thankfull to the authors for sharing with us their knowledge and discovers. BACK Watershed Management Emerging Scientific Tools for Studies of Water Quality, Coral Reef Health, and Watershed Management in the Tropics/Caribbean - Sharon A. Fitzgerald, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico. A Computer Decision Support for the Watershed Management with Future Developments: Hydraulic Components Ratil E. Zapata, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-author: Jorge Camacho) Water Treatment Removal of Copper from Water Using Zeolites - Ivonne Santiago, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-author: Hiram Trabal Ortiz) . Field Validation of a Rural Community Water Treatment Plant in San German, PR - Roque Roman, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-authors: Ismael Pagan Trinidad, Javier Cardona, Maria I. Ortiz Soto Garcia) Effective Novel Dual-Function Media for Separation and Treatment of Wastewaters Containing Oils & Grease- Daneira Meléndez Coldén, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez (co-authors: Narinder K. Mehta and Moses N. Bogere) . Removal of Cadmium from Water Using Zeolites - ivonne Santiago, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez (co-author: Javier Figueroa) , , Erosion, Sedimentation and Geomorphology and Limnology Sedimentation Surveys Results of Principal Water- Supply Reservoirs in PR- Luis R. Soler Lépez, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico. Natural Hazards on Alluvial Fans: the Debris Flow and Flash Flood Disaster of December 1999, Vargas State, Venezuela- Matthew C. Larsen, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico (co-authors: Heriberto Torres-Sierra, G.F.Wieczorek, L.S. Eaton) Discharge, Contributing Area, and Aquifer Growth Rates of the Karts Tributaries of the Tanama River, Puerto Rico- Wilma B. Aleman, Department of Geology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez (co-authors: Thomas E. Miller, Héctor Casanova) Measurement of Scdiment Oxygen Demand Rates in the Mangrove Lagoon Benner Bay, and Vessup Bay_in Southeastern St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands- Orlando Ramos Ginés, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico (co-authors: Micelis C. Doyle) Water Use, Management. and Limnology of the Lower Rio Culebrinas, Puerto Rico- Jorge R. Ortiz Zayas, CSA Group. Extreme Hydrologic Events and Climate in the Tropics New Empirical Models for Estimating Magritude and Frege sonev_of Flood for St: PORT 5 is Posto Rico-Orlando Ramos- Ginés, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico. . . a ay Be ue “ oes te rh ot re u 3.2 rF ba oe are ores y on Xe ye x Ont * ney ot oa SS. ‘eth ae a4, ne rts wee Cede at BS .. a se ee te ~ 8 34) eal ita Ri Ye we a7 is Ao Lose . 3 34, 1 oe Se “, hahee ag we ue oy “ = te, i” Fete Seer? 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Atmospheric Modeling of the Caribbean Region: Precipitation Simulations —Daniel Coimarazamy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-authors: Jorge Gonzalez, James R. Stalker, Nazario Ramirez) Establishment of Climatological Network for Puerto’ Rico Hurricane Characterization and Near Real Times Measurements- Rat! E. Zapata, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-authors: Ricardo Lépez, Drianfel Vazquéz) Hydrologic Modeling for Flood Control in Turrialba Watershed- Alejandra Rojas, University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica (co-author: Hernan Solis) Air Temperature Estimation at Any Pressure Level Based on Satellite and Radiosonde Data - Nazario Ramirez Beltran, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez (co-author: Jorge Gonzalez) Surface Water Quality _ Generation of Stormwater Storage/ Release Alternatives for Nonpoint Pollutant Load Controi- Rafael Segarra Garcia, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez Characterization of Rio Grande de_ Arecibo - Guido Pefia, University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. Hydrodynamics and Water Quality Modeling for the Rio Grande de Arecibo Estuary in Arecibo, PR Roberto Leén, CSA Group (co-author: Paul Craig) Water Resources Information and Education An Undergraduate Research Program to Study the Water Resources of the Humacao Region of Puerto Rico-lIdalia Ramos, University of Puerto Rico Humacao, Deparunent of Physics and Electronics (other authors) Puerto Rico Source Water Assessment Program - Zuleima Rodri guez, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico (co-author:, Eva Hernandez, Orlando Ramos-Ginés) Management of Limited Freshwater Resources Evaluation of Ground Water Source for EPA Forthcoming Rules Compliance - Migdalia Hernandez, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Central Florida, (co-author: F idelia N. Nandi) Land Use. Water Quality, and Management of the Rio Grande de ‘Arecibo Watershed- José Juan Terrasa- Soler; CSA Group. -Hvdrogeologic Conditions in the Upper Aquifer of Puerto Rico. Manati-Vega Baja Area, as Simulated by U.S. Geological Survev MODFLOW 96 - Gregory . Cherry. U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico. - ’ Smail Dams in Puerto Rico Streams-Andrés R. Garcia Martino, USDA Forest Service, Puerto Rico. ” ve -. . we a Yu se, vy ‘ Pa Nik te eae in ” ce a ye an oa oe eee, ve oe bs yore 4 parr Ve wv ie a ma Pa o wt c . iN oe v4 wy fe a oe 3h Fa ey aes a eet o +4 oie at ae etry ir wat Pe Devt lce ve Bia rey ha Ape wit rn cory se ay * 5Y Tite a5 a sh ta ae aa aa se Sed ee a owe eee wt ae vet my ae o fu an, 3. ye a oo ts, =e, oh an vit ot KK SF ars fa “ot ee Pek Pred ” any a, ae 1 SeNS al, ae oa aa w= ea WE te a 4 a an we ta se 3f je eats bes at sox ad 8 = He te Pe43y “ TSS ie ne o ve "t on a 2 YY Bias gat ban pe ne ony aay Sy. pide, os ty We te a aaa an ‘se OM as “- 3u ay) fe ed: ts fe ne a pars mn. we at » 4 Pe my yeh a eee 2 wy wae fe ws Ste oa sages as BK Ve . 2 $.° t- 27 ga Anke on 4,>' ate om ee sy te % on we L4e Bag 4 i » eee! rie fo, oe he BS ret es Set] at ety ‘Y Ure ye Je . tis a v7 oe ie 2 Mee oe ars 1933 ay a tee fe atest ora wer ok ae . ra ae - SN Pay me 8 tie of, 5 oy sete Siar sy oS ae ed + 4, My ve oa oa me eu fey, boas ae ae oes t, aay ee ae se - a er oe oe ro as . ram MeN .- BY i ree oe, — we ~ arr ape ce -., mH ve wv e Sh, ¥f; ae ae ee We tate vee Qs oH oe i a 2 5) Sy nd on te Ly ye ve a ar 3; ee Soy AX seer ae as aan XY Pet may ee fe se . 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WZ are ay Ue a tes se se pone 3 ? a val Way 2 ix ra t ala as on ae Paes os et ry ars eed fa te vet ty ée te we 2 - Aa toe ee ee bs} iM ee aye ue ye ee we ee " n ony an aA ae an ve +e -+ we it 1 a aa we ot wr ni bes Se. ne hs. ~~ oy ee . oa ae A ve serge an wt “s ny eas 1 8 ws ” .e om + rnd se te a ive Oa wa ws “he aN hee, ao re ve re ate Bs “e eee re, 18 ws Le ve es or ee aon ad oa ne tx fete. ~ aves amy an on eo irs fae es it cs BS we Dynamic Simulation of Water Distribution Systems with Probabilistic Models Miriam Romero Ramirez, Civil Engineering Department, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-authors: Walter F. Silva-Araya, Noel Artiles Leon) Surface and Groundwater Quality and Quantity ‘Qualitative Study of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton in Lower Grande de Afiasco River _and_Tributaries- Martha Espinoza Lucero, Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez Determination of Pesticides in the Laguna Cartagena and Refugio de Aves de Cabo Rojo by SPN and GC/MS- Martha Romero, Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez (co-authors:.Lorma Rodriguez, F élix Roman) Effect of Changes in Barometric Pressure, Marinv Tides and, Earth Tides on Groundwater Levels in Puerto Rico — Ronald T. Richards, U.S. Geological Survey, Puerto Rico. Environmental and Hydrologic Studies Reevaluation of Predictions of Water Consumption by the Pumpkin and Onion at Two Locations in Puerto Rico- Eric Harmsen, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagtiez{co-author: Jessica Caldero Rivera). Vapor-Phase Contaminant Transport in Soil: A Diffusion Mode! for Sorption and Desorption Data- Marco A. Arocha, Department of General Engineering, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagiiez (co-authors: Ben J. McCoy, Alan P. Jackman) Bo, antes Re: rey a Ze - x en) oe on - er eles “4 tte Fate Fs nay Es a oan. cet 45. + wy st ne ” Bay on fa e M, tee ge na ae ” ty re bad a) tho ea ~ ot Ae \ ee a 7. + 4, a Xa oo # NM ar te ap ihe ay ‘fe mend - fe ae AOPN wee is te Les te, ae WY. 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