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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 349 515 CG 024 524 AUTHOR Adams, Ronald D.; And Others TITLE Southeast Regional Center for Drug Free Schools and Communities. Combined Report on School Surveys of Junior and Senior High School Students for 1988-89 School Year. INSTITUTION Pride, Inc., Atlanta, GA. PUB DATE Jan 91 NOTE 168p.; For a related document, see CG 024 525. PUB TYPE Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC07 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Alcohol Abuse; *Drug Abuse; High Schools; High School Students; Incidence; Junior High Schools; Junior High School Students; *Substance Abuse; Trend Analysis IDENTIFIERS United States (Southeast) ABSTRACT This report contains the composite information from team administrations of the Parents' Resource Institute for Drug Education (PRIDE) drug use questionnaire administered in local schools to 6th- through 12-graders throughout the southeastern United States during school year 1988-89. The 11 states or areas included in the report are: Alabama, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Virginia, and West Virginia. In 1988-89 approximately 50,000 students (N=49,907) were surveyed. These surveys were combined into a summary data set and provide a tremendous amount of percentage data for analyses. Chapter I explains the purposes and procedures of the survey. In addition, to place this information in a more manageable and usable form, selected data are reported and discussed in Chapters II and III. Chapter II contains information on cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana for the 1988-89 school year and Chapter III contains information on other illicit drugs for the school years 1988-89. Both chapters include percentage tables and graphs regarding prevalence and patterns of use of the various drugs included in the survey. Chapter IV contains a brief summary and recommendations formulated from conducting surveys in the Southeast region. Appendix A contains a copy of the PRIDE Questionnaire used to gather data in the surveys and Appendix B contains tables and selected graphs of data from the combined surveys in 1988-89. (ABL) *** **************..************************************** AepLOuucLlons suppileo oy tutco are tne best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Southeast Regional Center for Drug Free Schools and Communities Combined Report on School Surveys of Junior and Senior High School Students for 1988-89 School Year (< "S Prepar41,1,3V. \, ) Ronald D. Atiams, Eo.D. Joan 1w-toff, Ed.D.Ph.? Mark E. Pitcock, Mk/ (.1 -T U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Ol1rce DI Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it C.' Minor changes have been made to improve reproduchon ovaldy Points of new or opinions stated in this zloty merit do not necessarily represent official OERt position or policy PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY R6n alai, D. 4 dams ro THE Eigh.:ATioNA.i RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERICI- BEST COPY AVII TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Chapter I: INTRODUCTION 1 A. Purposes of Surveys 1 B. Survey Procedures 2 C. The Report 3 Chapter II: GATEWAY DRUGS 5 A. Use of Gateway Drugs 5 1. First Use 2. Frequency of Use 3. Intoxicating Effects of Use B. Location and Time of Gateway Drug Use 18 C. Friends' Use of Gateway Drugs 34 D. Perceived Harmful Effects of Gateway Drug Use 38 E. Availability of Gateway Drugs 42 Chapter III: OTHER ILLICIT DRUGS 46 A. Use of Illicit Drugs 47 1. First Use 2. Frequency of Use 3 Intoxicating Effects of Use B. Location and Time of Other Illicit Drug Use 58 C. Friends' Use of Illicit Drugs 63 D. Perceived Harmful Effects of Illicit Drugs Use 65 E. Availability of Other Illicit Drugs 69 Chapter*: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS A. Summary B. Recommendations APPENDIX A: The PRIDE Questionnaire APPENDIX B: Tabular Report by Item ii r 4 71 71 74 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION I.A. Purposes of Surveys Drug and alcohol use among children and adolescents remains the most important factor impacting the health and well-being of youth in the Southeast region. As school community teams mobilized in the region a critical first step for each team was to determine the nature and scope of the youth alcohol and other drug use problem in the community. The PRIDE Drug Use Questionnaire was administered in local schools by each team to obtain drug use prevalence information, information on age of first use, time and locaticn of use, friends' use, perceptions of harmfulness, student characteristics and demographics. These data were used by teams in a variety of ways to inform their communities about the drug problem, plan targeted prevention and intervention programs and chart the course of drug usage over time. Specific information on drugs of choice, frequency of use, location and time of use and beginning age of use by children in a particular school confronts community denial head- on and provides an informed basis for anti-drug use action planning. The initial questionnaire administration yields base line data on the problem. Annual or biannual resurveys allow communities to monitor usage over time and to measure the impact of anti-drug use initiatives. The Center had planned to follow the progress of thirty-six teams (three communities in each state in the region) longitudinally over the next four year period through 1 the resurvey process to measure the effectiveness of the school community team model. This report contains the composite information from team administrations of the questionnaire to 6th through 12th graders throughout the Southeast region during school year 1988-89. I.B. Survey Procedures School community teams were selected through an application process that insured teams were distributed geographically throughout each state. Teams represented a mix of rural, suburban and urban schools and communities. Each team designated one or more schools in the community it intended to influence and the PRIDE Questionnaire was administered to students in those schools. Thus, there was a systematic selection of the teams (six new teams in each state each year) and these teams were designated as impact schools to be surveyed. The school-based surveys were school census studies and included all students present at school on the day the questionnaire was administered. The 1988-89 report contains initial survey data from new and previously surveyed communities. The eleven states or areas included in the combined report are: Alabama, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Virginia and West Virginia. Data from Puerto Rico were not collected in 1988-89 so this report does not represent Puerto Rico. In 1988-89, approximately 50,000 students (n = 49,907) in the 2 Southeast region were surveyed as part of the SERC programs. This sample consisted of 10,922 students in grades 6 through 8 (junior high students) and 38,985 students in grade 9 through 12 (senior high students). The number of male and female students were about the same with 49.4 percent male and 50.6 percent female. About 66.1 percent were White, 26.3 percent were Black, 3.9 percent were Hispanic, and the remaining 3.7 percent were Asian and Native American. Father's full-time employment rate was 84.5 percent. Mother's full-time employment rate was 60.9 percent. Over 18 percent of the junior high students and over 30 percent of the senior high students reported part-time employment. About 24 percent of the students reported fathers with less than a high school education, and 24 percent with a college degree. Mother's educational levels were 21 percent with less than a high school education and 21 percent with a college degree. Appendix B contains more specific demographic information about the sample of students in the 1988- 89 school/community team surveys of adolescent drug and alcohol use. I.C. The Report Results of the SERC 1988-89 surveys of adolescent alcohol and other drug use are reported in this document. These surveys were combined into a summary data set and provide a tremendous amount of percentage data for analyses (see Appendix B). To place this information in a more manageable and usable form, selected data 3 were reported and discussed in Chapters II and III. It should be understood that the data contained in Appendix B were utilized as the source data for tables and graphs in Chapters II and III. Therefore, the reader may wish to consult tables in Appendix B for more detailed study of the survey findings. After the Introduction chapter, Chapter I, the report is arranged in three additional chapters. Chapter II: Gateway Drugs contains information on cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana for the 1988-89 school year. The three forms of alcohol included in the survey were beer, wine coolers, and liquor. Chapter. III contains information on other illicit drugs for the school years 1988-89. Other illicit drugs were cocaine, uppers (stimulants), downers (depressants), inhalants, and hallucinogens. Chapters II and III include percentage tables and graphs regarding prevalence and patterns of use of the various drugs included in the survey. Tables and graphs are located at the end of the section in which they are referenced. It should be noted that in some cases drug use was very low among students, particularly illicit drug use in junior high. In these cases summary statements were made to this effect without elaborating further. Chapter IV: Recommendations contains a brief summary and recommendations formulated from conducting surveys in the Southeast region. Appendix A contains a copy of the PRIDE Questionnaire used to gather data in the SERC surveys and, as already mentioned, Appendix B contains tables and selected graphs of data from the combined SERC surveys in 1988-89. 4 Chapter II: GATEWAY DRUGS 1988-89 The "gateway drugs" are defined in this report as cigarettes, alcohol and marijuana. In most states, alcohol and tobacco products are illegal when used by minors, but are legal when used by adults. However, they are generally easy to obtain and are widely used among the adolescent population. The alcoholic beverages surveyed were beer, wine coolers, and liquor. Although marijuana is itself a dangerous illicit drug, it often leads to use of more toxic and addictive drugs. Thus, marijuana is also considered a "gateway drug" because of its role in escalating drug use. II.A. Use of Gateway Drugs Prevalence of drug and alcohol use rates are probably the most used and reported findings from any drug survey. The PRIDE Questionnaire obtained student responses to questions on 1) first use of gateway drugs, 2) annual use of gateway drugs, and 3) intoxicating effects resulting from use of gateway drugs. These data provide useful information on the prevalence and patterns of gateway drug use. The reader is encouraged to study data for these items in Appendix B for more in-depth understanding of gateway drug use patterns. II.A.1 First Use of Gateway Drugs Information on the approximate age that students first use gateway drugs is important since prevention programs usually target 5 1 students with age specific as well as drug specific information. It is also important from the standpoint that early use of these drugs often leads to problems with dependency later in adolescence or adulthood. Finally, the early use of gateway drugs predicts later use of the more toxic and addictive illicit drugs such as cocaine and hallucinogens. II.A.l.a First Use of Cigarettes Although tobacco is not usually considered to be a mind- altering or intoxicating drug, cigarettes are highly addicting and are considered one of the "gateway drugs" that can lead to use of illicit drugs such as marijuana. In most states it is illegal for minors 17 years of age or younger to purchase or smoke cigarettes, but enforcement of this law is generally lax in the region. Cigarettes are not included in questions involving intoxicating effects of use or availability. Students reported the age of first use of cigarettes as occurring across the entire age span sampled (from "Under 10" years to "Over 20" years). The most common ages of first use of cigarettes by senior high students were reported in the range of 12 to 15 years with 27.2 percent of these students reporting using cigarettes during this period. For junior high students, 19.7 percent reported first use of cigarettes at or below age 11. Tables II.A.1. and II.A.2. contains percentage data on first use of cigarettes for junior and senior high school students, respectively. 6 10 II.A.1.b First Use of Alcohol Students in grades 6 through 12 were asked to respond to the questions "When did you first drink beer?," "drink wine coolers?," and "drink liquor?" Tables II.A.1. and II.A.2. contain summary responses to these questions by junior high and senior high students, respectively. There were different patterns of responses to these questions. And, there were different patterns of responses for the three types of alcoholic beverages. Early use of beer, 11 years or younger, was reported by 16.6 percent of the senior high students and 24.3 percent of the junior high students, suggesting that early alcohol use in the form of beer is not only common among students in the Southeast, but younger students may begin drinking earlier use than do older students. Of course, these data sets are not entirely comparable due to drop-outs in senior high school. A greater percentage of junior high students reported early use of wine coolers than did senior high students. From Tables II.A.1. and II.A.2. it can be seen that 14.6 percent of the younger students (grades 6, 7 and 8) reported drinking wine coolers at 11 years or younger, while only 5.5 percent of the older students (grades 9 through 12) reported drinking at this early age. This pattern may be partially explained by availability of the beverage. Wine coolers, a relatively new addition to the alcoholic beverage industry, has been widely advertised and available only in the past four to five years. The older upper classmen appeared to have been less affected by the advertising and/or availability of wine 7 coolers as junior high students than the current students in junior high school. Less than 7 percent of senior high students reported using liquor at age 11 or below. However, between the ages of 12 and 15 years, 33.6 percent of the senior high students reported drinking liquor. This was the age span where the largest percentage of students reported first use of beer and liquor. Early liquor use (ages 11 years and under) was more prevalent for junior high than for senior high students with 10.4 percent of junior high students reporting use before age 12. Patterns of liquor use above 12 and 13 years are not .::omparable given the age difference between junior and senior high students. II.A.l.c. First Use of Marijuana Age of first use of marijuana was measured along a continuum ranging from "Under 10" to "Over 20", with two year intervals used as response categories. Although the percentage of junior high students reporting using marijuanF was much less than for senior high students, junior high students' beginning use of marijuana was primarily in the age group of 12-13 years (3.1%). Very early use (11 years and below) of marijuana by senior high students was slightly greater than reported by junior high students. Unlike alcohol, this very early use of marijuana does not appear greater for junior high students than for senior high students. For the senior high students, wide-spread marijuana use seems to begin at age 12-13 and continues through age 17. Approximately 22.1 percent of the students in grades 9 through 12 8 reported first using marijuana between the ages of 12 to 17, with the age category 14-15 years containing the highest percentage (10.8%). Ta/les II.A.1. and contain the percentage data for age of first use of marijuana for junior and senior high school students. II.A.2. Freauencv of Gateway Drug Use Students were asked to respond to how often they used gateway drugs within the past year using an eight category response set ranging from "No Use" to "Daily Use" (see Appendix A). The Tabular Report, contains percentage data for the various frequency of use categories. In this narrative report, categories were collapsed into three use categories as follows: Infrequent = One to Six Times a Year Frequent = One or Two Times a Month Very Frequent = One to Three Times a Week or Daily. Tables containing frequency of gateway drug use appear at the end of this sub-section. The reader is encouraged to study the complete percentage tables in Appendix B for more detailed results. II.A.2.a. Frequency of Cigarette Use In general, the frequency of cigarette use increased with age of the students. By the time students were seniors in high school, 36.5 percent reported smoking cigarettes compared to 24.7 percent of the junior high school students (see Table II.A.3.). II.A.2.b. Frequency of Alcohol Use Use of alcohol by underage students is an illegal and dangerous practice and must be considered an abuse of this 9 13 otherwise legal drug. An important index of alcohol use is the frequency and extent that junior and senior high school students are involved with alcohol. It is important to examine the total number of students who reported using alcohol and the frequency of that use in order to better plan and implement strategies to reduce alcohol abuse. Tables II.A.3 and II.A.4 contain the percentage data for student reported use of beer, wine coolers, and liquor. Not surprisingly, when junior high students' use of alcohol was compared with senior high students, the total use by the older senior high students was greater. Figure II.A.1 graphically demonstrates the relationship between alcohol use and junior and senior high students. It is also important to note that when the categories of use were compared, the senior high students reported using alcohol more frequently. For example, of the junior high students who reported beer use, 20.6 percent responded to "Very Frequent" use. This "Very Frequent" use percentage for senior high beer drinkers increased to 31.2 percent. Liquor use was also much higher for high school students with more than twice as many senior high students reporting annual use of liquor (44.6%) as junior high students (19.0%). Implications of these findings are significant. Beer has been by far the most used form of alcohol by adolescents. Wine coolers have now equaled and even surpassed beer in popularity, even though this type of alcoholic beverage has been on the market only a short 10 4 time. Findings also suggest that use of alcohol by youth in the southeast region frequently constitutes more than casual use as demonstrated by the majority of drinking students reporting "Frequent" or "Very Frequent" use of beer and liquor. Alcohol use should be cause for concern by parents, educators, and others in communities throughout the southeast region. II.A.2.c. Frequency of Marijuana Use The relationship between grade level and marijuana use was more pronounced than for alcohol use. Tables II.A.3 and II.A.4. contain percentages that show more than 20 percent (20.3%) of the senior high school students reported at least annual marijuana use as compared to only 6.3 percent of the junior high school students. See Figure II.A.4. for a visual perspective of this relationship. The relationship of marijuana use and educational level becomes evident -- more students use marijuana as they get older and move into upper grades. One in five senior high students reported smoking marijuana at least once during the past year. II.A.3. Intoxicating Effects of Gateway Drug Use While SERC survey results have provided evidence of widespread use of gateway drugs by junior and senior high students, a second question of effects of gateway drug use needs to be addressed. Specifically, what levels of intoxication do adolescents attain when they drink alcoholic beverages or smoke marijuana? Do students report more "casual" or non-intoxicating use of gateway drugs, or do they report reaching high levels of intoxication? 13. 15 II.A.3.a. Intoxicating Effects of Alcohol Use To determine if students were using gateway drugs to get highly intoxicated, only those students who reported using the drugs were used to compute the percentage who became highly intoxicated when they drank alcohol. Percentages were computed for junior and senior high students who reported getting "Very High" or "Bombed/Stoned" when they drank alcoholic beverages. As can be seen from Table II.A.5., senior high students tended to become more intoxicated when drinking alcohol than did junior high students. For example, senior high students were twice as likely to report getting highly intoxicated as junior high students; 22.7 percent for senior high students to 11.2 percent for junior high students. Less than 10 percent of junior and senior high students who reported drinking wine coolers reported getting drunk, the lowest of the alcoholic beverages. A greater percentage of students at both levels reported getting highly intoxicated on liquor than for beer or wine coolers. For students who reported drinking liquor, nearly one third (31.0%) of the junior high students and over half (52.2%) of the senior high students reported getting highly intoxicated when they drank. II.A.3.b. Intoxicating Effects of Marijuana Use As discussed earlier, marijuana use is not as prevalent among junior and senior high school students as alcohol use. About 6 percent of the junior high as compared to 20 percent of the senior high students reported smoking marijuana. However, for all students who reported smoking marijuana, over 60 percent reported 12 16 they generally reached high levels of intoxication (See Table II.A.5.) These data suggest that alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents is not "casual," and that large numbers of students who report using these gateway drugs do so to the extreme. These data also suggest that use of alcohol, particularly liquor, by immature adolescents can lead to early dependency as demonstrated by the reported high rate of intoxication among junior and senior high students who drink. Those students reporting use of marijuana had an intoxication rate of over 60 percent, even higher than the intoxicating rate of liquor, suggesting that smoking marijuana produces high intoxication levels in adolescents and can lead to addiction as well. 13 1 '7 Table II.A.1. First Use of Gateway Drugs by Junior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Under Over 10 10-11 12-13 14-15 16-17 18-19 Cigarettes 9.9 9.8 9.7 1.7 0.1 0.0 _20 0.2 Beer 14.2 10.1 11.8 3.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 Wine Coolers 5.4 9.2 15.8 4.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 Liquor 5.1 5.3 8.7 2.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 Marijuana 1.1 1.4 3.1 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 Table II.A.2. First Use of Gateway Drugs by Senior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Under Over 10 10-11 12-13 14-15 16 =11 18-19 Cigarettes 8.1 8.3 15.2 12.2 4.4 0.3 _20 0.1 Beer 10.3 6.3 16.4 22.4 8.9 0.6 0.1 Wine Coolers 2.3 3.2 14.6 28.6 13.6 0.8 0.1 Liquor 3.5 3.4 12.0 21.6 9.9 0.5 0.1 Marijuana 1.3 1.5 5.8 10.8 5.5 0.3 0.1 14 S Table II.A.3. Frequency of Gateway Drug Use by Junior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Infrequent Freauent Very Frequent Total Use Cigarette 11.3 3.6 9.8 27.4 Beer 19.1 7.3 6.9 33.4 Wine Coolers 19.2 6.7 5.0 30.9 Liquor 11.0 4.3 3.7 19.0 Marijuana 2.4 1.5 2.3 6.3 Table II.A.4. Frequency of Gateway Drug Use by Senior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Infrequent Frequent Very Frequent Total Use Cigarette 12.1 4.8 19.6 36.5 Beer 22.7 15.9 17.8 56.4 Wine Coolers 27.4 17.6 10.9 55.9 Liquor 21.0 14.3 9.2 44.6 Marijuana 8.7 4.5 7.1 20.3 15 Tatle II.A.5. Percent of Students Reporting High Intoxication Levels for 1988-89 When Drinking Alcohol and/or Smoking Marijuana* (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug Junior High Senior High Beer 11.2 22.7 Wine Coolers 5.8 9.9 Liquor 31.0 52.2 Marijuana 62.3 64.4 * Percentages computed from students who reported drinking the alcoholic beverage or smoking marijuana and getting "Very High" or "Bombed/Stoned." 16 Fig. II.A.1 GATEWAY DRUG USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 56.4% 334° Beer Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n > 50,000) 55.9% 30.9° Wine Coolers Jr HS 44.6% 19% Liquor Sr HS 20.3% 6.3 Marijuana 2i 22 II.B. Location and Time of Gateway Drug Use A knowledge of the patterns of adolescent drug use is important when planning and implementing prevention programs. Two of the most important questions that were asked on the PRIDE Questionnaire were location and time of gateway drug use. Students were asked to respond to "where" they use gateway drugs: "At Home," "At School," "In a Car," at a "Friend's Home," and/or at "Other" places in the community. Times of use responses consisted of "Before School," "During School," "After School," "Week Nights," and "Weekends." Students were allowed to respond to all categories of where and when drugs were used that applied to themselves. This information provides insight into the drug and alcohol use patterns of junior and senior high students surveyed by the SERC Teams. II.B.1. Locations and Times of Cigarette Use According to the reported findings of where students use cigarettes, the fewest number of students selected "At School" (3.9% for junior high and 10.7% for senior high school students). However, primary use was reported in locations other than school. The junior high students most frequently reported using cigarettes "At Home" (12.6%) and in "Other" places (11.8%). The senior high students most frequently reported using cigarettes "In a Car" (18.5%), at a "Friend's Home" (17.4%), and "Other" places (17.3%). As seen from Tables II.B.1 and II.B.2. a much smaller percentage of junior high students reported using 18 23 cigarettes "In a Car" (5.6%) while this was the most popular location selected by the senior high students (18.5t). The time most frequently reported for both junior and senior high school students using cigarettes were "After School," and on "Weekends" (See Tables II.B.3 and II.B.4). "During School" was the category that received the smallest percentage of student responses, a finding consistent with the data reported regarding the location of cigarette use. II.B.2. Locations and Time of Alcohol Use Students were asked to respond to when and where they drank alcoholic beverages. For junior high students, "At Home" was the most often selected response as a place of alcohol use in all three categories (See Table The consumption of beer and wine coolers were clearly identified as being most frequently used in the home. Very little use was reported "At School" with less than one percent reporting use at this location. These data clearly focus the use of alcohol in the home and in the community and not at school. The senior high school students responses for location of use were somewhat different from the junior high students. The most often given responses in all three of the alcohol categories were "Friend's Home" and "Other" places (See Table The use of alcohol "In a Car" was reported by a greater percentage of senior high tlan junior high students. This is an indication of an older more mobile population. Schools remained the location of 19 the least use, with less than 1.8 percent, 1.4 percent, and 1.9 percent reporting the use of beer, wine coolers, or liquor, respectively. Alcohol use occurred predominately in the community and home, areas crucial to adolescent drug prevention efforts. Figures II.B.1 through II.B.3 present a graphic representation of locations of beer, wine cooler, and liquor use for junior and senior high students. The percentages of senior high school students reported using alcohol "In a Car" are presented in Figure II.B.4. This graph illustrates the obviously hazardous conditions which exist when these students drive while drinking alcoholic beverages, thus presenting immediate danger to themselves and others. More than 18 percent of senior high school students reported use of beer in a car. This latter statistic is particularly disturbing since two out of five of these students reported getting high when they drank any form of alcohol. In addition to location of use, students were asked to indicate time of use to further establish alcohol use patterns for students in grades 6 through 12. They were asked to respond to five categories of when they used beer, wine coolers, and liquor or they could have selected the "Do Not Use" category. Students were allowed to select multiple responses. As with cigarette use, time categories for alcohol use were "Before School," "During School," "After School," "Week Nights," and "Weekends." Tables II.B.3. and II.B.4. contain the responses to the times students in junior high and senior high school indicated they use 20 alcohol. Overall fewer than 2.2 percent of all student groups reported using alcohol "Before School" and less than 1.3 percent reported using alcohol "During School" hours. The most disturbing percentage of when students use alcohol was found -luring the weekends. Both the junior high and senior high students most frequently selected that response with use during the week nights being next. "Weekends" was by far the favored time selected by the senior high students for alcohol use. Nearly one half of these students reported drinking beer and/or wine coolers on weekends. Liquor use was somewhat lower for junior high (14%) and senior high (37.2%) school students. Figures II.B.5 through II.B.7 contain a graphic representation of the time of use patterns for senior high school students. These findings are most important for prevention strategies since most of the consumption of alcohol occurs when parents are responsible for their children. These data demonstrate the need for organized prevention activities that include the community and parents as an integral part of the prevention process. II.B.3. Location and Time of Marijuana Use Students in both junior high and senior high reported the smallest percentage of marijuana use rate "At School" than in other locations. Total use rates were reported at 0.8 percent for junior high students and 2.8 percent for senior high students (See Tables II.B.1 and II.B.2). The reported marijuana use for junior high students was small, less than 3.3 percent for all locations. The 21 26 ti senior high school students reported the most popular places to use marijuana were in "Other" places in the community (11.7%), at a "Friend's Home" (10.4%), or "In a Car" (9.1%). Figure II.B.8 graphically represents the percentage data for junior and senior high school students' reported location of marijuana use. The least preferred time of use was "During School" hours. The most popular time of marijuana use was on "Weekends" with 4.3 percent of juml.or high students and 15.6 percent of senior high students selecting this category. Figure II.D.9 contains junior and senior high school students percentage data for time of use. The time of marijuana use reported by junior and senior high school students can also be examined in Tables II.B.3. and II.B.4. It can not be emphasized enough that these data clearly indicate that the times of most reported use by junior and senior high students are times when parents or guardians have responsibility for the supervision of their children. These data strongly confirm the need for parents to be actively involved in the community's drug and alcohol prevention strategies. 22 2! Table II.B.1. Location of Gateway Drug Use by Junior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug At Fome At School In a Car Friend's Home Other Cigarettes 12.6 3.9 5.6 11.0 11.8 Beer 18.2 0.9 4.8 10.7 11.6 Wine Coolers 16.8 0.8 4.0 9.4 10.3 Liquor 8.8 0.8 3.0 7.1 7.2 Marijuana 1.7 0.8 1.8 3.0 3.3 Table II.B.2. Location of Gateway Drug Use by Senior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug At Home At School In a Car Friend's Home Other Cigarettes 16.6 10.7 18.8 17.4 17.3 Beer 17.3 1.8 18.1 29.2 28.9 Wine Coolers 18.2 1.4 15.6 26.4 26.1 Liquor 12.0 1.9 12.4 23.0 2,5.4 Marijuana 4.3 2.8 9.1 10.4 11.7 23 40 Table II.B.3. Time of Gateway Drug Use by Junior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Before During After Week Drug School School School Nights Weekends Cigarettes 5.0 3.1 8.9 7.1 16.2 Beer 1.2 0.6 4.2 6.0 24.0 Wine Coolers 1.0 0.6 3.7 5.7 21.8 Liquor 0.9 0.6 2.4 3.5 14.0 Marijuana 0.9 0.6 1.5 1.6 4.3 Table II.B.4. Time of Gateway Drug Use by Senior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Before During After Week Drug School School School Nights Weekends Cigarettes 12.8 9.7 16.7 15.0 24.6 Beer 2.2 1.3 6.6 10.7 47.2 Wine Coolers 1.4 1.0 4.9 9.0 46.1 Liquor 1.6 1.2 4.4 7.1 37.2 Marijuana 3.5 2.3 5.0 6.1 15.6 24 23 Fig. II.B.1 - LOCATION OF BEER USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 Home Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 30 1.8% 0.9% School Jr HS Sr HS 18.1% Car 29.2% Friends House 28.9% Other 31 Fig. II.B.2 - LOCATION OF WINECOOLER USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 18.2% Home Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 0.8% 1.4% School Jr HS Sr HS 15.6% Car 26.4% 10.3 26.1% Friends House Other 33 Fig. 11.8.3 LOCATION OF LIQUOR USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 12% Home Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 34 1.9°/0 School 12.4% Car 23% 23.2% 7.1° Friends House : Jr HS Sr HS Other Fig. II.B.4 - USE IN A CAR - SENIOR HIGH Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 18.1% 12.4% Beer Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) Wine Coolers Liquor Marijuana 3 7 3 Fig. II.B.5 - TIME OF BEER USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 12% 2.2% 0.6% 1.1% Before School During School After School 6.1% 4.2% Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 3 S 9.7% 6% Weeknight Jr HS Sr HS 42.1% Weekend Fig. II.B.6 TIME OF WINECOOLER USE Southeast Regional Center. School Based Surveys 1988-89 1% 1.4% ( Before School Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 40 0.6% 1% 7. During School 3.7% 4.9% After School 9% 57./ Weeknight j Jr HS Sr HS 46.1% Weekend Fig. II.B.7 - TIME OF LIQUOR USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 140/ 7.1% 37.2% 4.4% 3.50/ 2% 0.9% 1.6% 0.6% 1.2% A 47:111111, Before School During School After School Weeknight Weekend Jr HS Sr HS Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 4J Fig. II.B.8 - LOCATION OF MARIJUANA USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 4.3% Home Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 44 2.8% School Car 10.4% Friends House r-1 Jr HS Sr HS 11.7% Other 45 Fig. II.B.9 - TIME OF MARIJUANA USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 3.5% 0.9° L 0.6° 2.3% Before School During School Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 4 6.1% 5% 1.5° 1.60 After School Weeknight i Jr HS Sr HS 15.6% 4.3° Weekend 47 II.C. Friends' Use of Gateway Drugs Students were asked to respond to their friends' use of gateway drugs. The categories were "None," "A Few," "Several," or "A Lot." Collection of these data provided a measure of peer pressure to use drugs, i.e., if students have friends who use gateway drugs, they most likely will have the opportunity to use and possibly feel pressure to use themselves. In addition, this measure gives another, less direct, measure of overall use among the adolescent population. II.C.1. Friends' Use of Cigarettes A greater percentage of senior high school students (76%) indicated they had friends who use cigarettes than the junior high school students (53.2%). These data can be seen in Tables II.C.1 and II.C.2. This finding is consistent with the general tendency for a greater number of students reporting the use of gateway drugs as they get older. II.C.2. Friends' Use of Alcohol Peer pressure is a powerful influencing force in the adolescent culture and has been identified as one factor contributing to students' beginning use of alcohol. Students who report having friends who drink are more likely to drink themselves, if not already doing so. They are at higher risk of becoming adolescent drug and alcohol users. Junior and senior high school students were asked to indicate how many of their fr4.ends 34 drink beer, wine coolers, and liquor. Information regarding students' responses to friends' use of alcohol can be seen in Tables II.C.1 and II.C.2. Data indicate that a much greater percentage of senior high students reported alcohol using friends than did the junior high students. Nearly 85 percent of the students in grades 9 through 12 indicated that they have at least "A few" friends who drink beer. Approximately 50 percent of these students indicated that "Several" to "Most" of their friends used beer and/or wine coolers and more than 40 percent reported that "Several" to "Most" of their friends used liquor. Even at the junior high level over 50 percent of the students indicated that they had beer drinking friends and 48 percent reported friends using wine coolers. Given that peer pressure is such a powerful contributing factor to students' beginning use of alcohol, these data indicate that a large number of the surveyed adolescents are under peer pressure to start or continue to drink some form of alcohol. II.C.3. Friends' Use of Marijuana Students reported a similar pattern of friends' use of marijuana to that found for alcohol consumption. Generally, the older high school students had a much higher percentage of their friends who used marijuana (50.4%) as compared to the younger students (19.2%) in junior high. This finding is consistent with the trend for an increase in the percentage of students to use marijuana as they progress through the grades. However, it is 35 significant that more than 50 percent of the surveyed students reported that they have at least "A Few" friends who smoke marijuana, a dangerous and illicit drug. Thus, it would seem that smoking marijuana continues to be problematic among the adolescent population and increased prevention efforts to combat the spread of its use is warranted. 36 Table II.C.1. Friends' Use of Gateway Drugs by Junior High School Students (1v88-89 SERC Survey Results) None A Few Several Most Cigarettes 46.8 34.9 10.2 8.1 Beer 46.6 32.9 12.3 8.2 Wine Coolers 52.0 29.7 10.6 7.8 Liquor 64.7 20.8 7.9 6.6 Marijuana 80.8 12.2 3.4 3.6 Friends' Use of Gateway (1988-89 Table 11.C.2. 1-)rugs by Senior High School Students SERC Survey Results) None A Few Several Most Cigarettes 24.0 40.0 20.3 15.7 Beer 15.7 30.4 25.8 28.1 Wine Coolers 18.2 33.0 24.6 24.3 Liquor 29.0 29.2 21.3 20.6 Marijuana 49.6 29.8 11.2 9.5 37 51 II.D. Perceived Harmful Effects of Gateway Drug Use Students' beliefs about the harmful effects of gateway drugs are important predictors of their behavior. These data can also target areas where additional education efforts need targeting both by schools and by parents. Students were asked to respond to the degree that they felt that gateway drugs were harmful to their health. The response categories were "No," "Sometimes," "Very Much," and "Don't Know." A "No" response indicated that the student had a positive perception toward the,use of the drug, while a "Very Much" response indicated that the student perceived use to be a health hazard. II.D.1. Perceived Harmful Effects of Cigarette Use The perceived harmful effects of smoking cigarettes were fairly consistent for the various grade levels. In general, senior high students responded more often than junior high students that cigarette smoking was "Very Much" harmful to their health. As can be observed from Tables II.D.1 and II.D.2, 11.3 percent of junior high students compared to 7.0 percent of the senior high school students responded that cigarette smoking was not harmful. Less than 6 percent of the students surveyed responded that they did not know if cigarette smoking was harmful to their health. It appears that even with the extensive publicity about the harmful effects of cigarette smoking, that approximately one-third of the students did not select "Very Much" as a response to the harmfulness of this gateway drug. More than 17 percent of the 38 junior high students and approximately 10 percent of the senior high students responded that cigarette smoking was not harmful or they did not know. II.D.2. Perceived Harmful Effects of Alcohol Use. Students were asked to respond to the health hazards of drinking alcohol. They assessed the perceived harmful effects of beer, wine coolers, and liquor. The percentage data for junior and senior high school students are contained in Tables II.D.1 and Ii.D.2. About 1 in 6 junior high students (15.5%) and senior high students (14.3%) felt that the consumption of beer was not harmful to their health. A greater percentage of students in both grade groups perceived wine coolers as being less harmful than beer or liquor. More than 1 in 5 junior high students and 1 in 4 senior high students felt drinking wine coolers posed no hazard to their health. Overall, wine coolers had the smallest percentage of students perceiving them to be harmful to their health. Liquor was perceived as a greater health hazard by both junior and senior high students. A slightly higher percentage of younger students responded to the "Don't Know" category. These data indicated that students in these grade levels need to be more informed regarding the harmful effects that alcohol can have on their health. II.D.3. Perceived Harmful Effects of Marijuana, Younger students responded more frequently than older students that marijuana was not harmful or they did not know if it was 39 53 harmful (see Tables II.D.1 and II.D.2). Although more than three- fourths of the students from both grade groups indicated that marijuana was harmful to their health. However, the remaining students who did not respond strongly provides evidence for the continued need of drug education and prevention activities to be targeted toward the use of marijuana. 40 5,1 Table II.D.1. Perceived Harmful Effects of Gateway Drug Use by Junior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) No Some Times Very Much Don't Know Cigarettes 11.3 17.3 65.4 6.0 Beer 15.5 27.4 49.7 7.3 Wine Coolers 22.7 26.0 40.4 10.8 Liquor 12.3 15.2 65.5 7.0 Marijuana 11.0 3.8 78.8 6.5 Table II.D.2. Perceived Harmful Effects of Gateway Drug Use by Senior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) No Some Times Very Much Don't Know Cigarettes 7.0 18.5 71.3 3.2 Beer 14.3 40.0 41.2 4.5 Wine Coolers 24.2 37.0 31.8 7.0 Liquor 9.0 26.4 60.5 4.1 Marijuana 7.4 8.9 79.2 4.5 41 II.E. Availability of Gateway Drugs The PRIDE Questionnaire asked students to respond to how easy or difficult it is for them to obtain gateway drugs. Response categories were "Cannot Get," "Fairly Difficult," "Fairly Easy," "Very Easy," and "Don't Know." The percentages of student responses to these items can be found in Appendix B. For this section, the categories of "Fairly Easy" and "Very Easy" were combined to provide the percentage of students that reported gateway drugs as "readily available." Figure II.E.1. contain these percentage data for junior and senior high students. The question of availability of cigarettes was not included on the PRIDE Questionnaire form as cigarettes are readily available with little or no control in most states. Indeed, in most communities cigarettes may be purchased by minors from vending machines in many public places without fear of punishment. II.E.1. Perceived Availability of Alcohol One of the factors contributing to use of any drug is its availability or accessibility to adolescents. Alcohol was reported as the drug most available to students. Alcoholic beverages most available to youth for consumption were beer and wine coolers. Over one-third of the junior high and over two-thirds of the senior high students reported that these alcoholic beverages were readily available. About one-fourth of the junior high and over half of the senior high students perceived liquor to be readily available. It is important that youth and adults understand that beer and 42 wine coolers with lower percentages of alcohol are equally as capable of causing intoxication as liquor. However, there appears to be a progression of alcohol use that begins wi.th beer or wine coolers and moves to liquor, and drinking liquor produces higher levels of intoxication among a greater percentage of students, probably due to its higher concentration of alcohol (Refer to Section II.A.3). Use of alcohol in the form of liquor appears to be a step toward alcohol dependency and/or use of illicit drugs by adolescents. II.E.2. Perceived Availability of Marijuana Marijuana was reported as being "Fairly Easy" to "Very Easy" to obtain by 16 percent of the junior high students and over 40 percent of the senior high students, i.e., marijuana appears to be two and a half times more accessible by senior high students than by junior high students. Figure II.E.1 contains percentages for students' responses to the perceived availability of marijuana question. These data indicate that while the use of alcohol and marijuana by minors is illegal, they are readily available to a large percentage of the adolescent population in the Southeastern U.S. Popular culture condones or even encourages the use of alcohol and, to a lesser extent, other drugs through movies, music, television, advertisements, comic books, t-shirts, etc. Until recently there have been few anti-drug messages to counter the impact of these strong influences. 43 57 It is important to discourace the illegal use of alcohol and marijuana through formal education and community prevention programs. However, it is also important to reduce the ease by which students can obtain these drugs, whether from home, a neighbor's home or from other establishments that sell alcoholic beverages to minors or from "pushers" who profit from the vulnerability of youth. Local, state and federal law enforcement agencies must; with the cooperation of students, parents, educators and the community; strive to reduce the availability of gateway drugs to minors. Law enforcement should be a part of local, state, and national strategies to reduce drug use by youth. 44 5S Fig. ILEA - GATEWAY DRUG AVAILIBILITY Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 67.3% Beer Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 59 67.7% Wine Coolers E_D, Jr HS 55.1% 26.3° Liquor Sr HS 40.5% 16% Marijuana CHAPTER III. OTHER ILLICIT DRUGS Although marijuana is an illicit drug, in this report it was also classified as a gateway drug and discussed in Chapter II. The "Other Illicit Drug" categories in the SERC surveys were cocaine, uppers, downers, inhalants, and hallucinogens. Any use of these illicit drugs is extremely dangerous. The illicit drugs discussed in Chapter III are considered highly toxic and addictive. They often cause dramatic, sudden and unpredictable changes in behavior whereas, gateway drugs may require a period of months or years to cause noticeable physical or psychological damage. These more toxic drugs may cause dependency, permanent damage or even death after only a short period of use or even first time use. Because these drugs are produced and distributed illegally, their purity and chemical content are unknown and are often contaminated with other poisonous chemicals. Cocaine and other illicit drug use is not as prevalent as that of tobacco, alcohol or marijuana. However, drug abuse and addiction is usually a progressive process that begins with the gateway drugs and advances into the use of more addictive illicit drugs. Although the percentages of students that use illicit drugs are smaller than for the gateway drugs, the gravity of the practice and immediacy of the danger demands attention. Students who use one or more of these illicit drugs are at extremely high risk of addiction within a very short period of time; a condition that can destroy a child and his or her family. It is suspected that a 46 61 large percentage of students reporting illicit drug use are drug dependent and in need of professional help. Hence, it is imperative that students, parents, educators and members of the community at large be knowledgeable of patterns of illicit drug use by adolescents and be alert to the signs of adolescent drug dependency. This chapter contains information regarding the reported prevalence and patterns of illicit drug use by students in grades 6 through 12. As with Chapter II, tables and graphs describing the survey findings are located at the end of each section. In some sections illicit drugs have been grouped for convenience and efficiency of discussion. For example, cocaine, uppers and downers are discussed together and inhalants and hallucinogens are discussed together. III.A. Use of Illicit Drugs The PRIDE Questionnaire obtained student responses to questions on 1) first use of illicit drugs, 2) annual use of illicit drugs, and 3) perceived intoxicating effects resulting from use of illicit drugs. As with gateway drugs, these findings are selected from the data contained in Appendix B, and the reader is encouraged to further study these data for more in-depth understanding of illicit drug use patterns by youth in communities served by the SERC during 1988-89. Junior high school student responses to the questions involving use of illicit drugs was relatively low. For example, 47 62 2.9 percent or less of the junior high students reported using cocaine, uppers, downers, or hallucinogens within the past year. However, the use of inhalants was more similar among the junior and senior high students (see Tables III.A.3. and III.A.4.). While any use of these very dangerous drugs by any student is not to be taken lightly, discussion of illicit drug use by junior high students is omitted due to their low response pattern. The reader is referred to Appendix B for further study of junior high school students' reported use of illicit drugs. III.A.1. First Use of Illicit Drugs Information on the approximate age that students first use illicit drugs is important to understand because prevention programs usually target students for information about specific drugs at various ages. Such an understanding is also important from the standpoint that early use of these drugs are may predict addiction later on in adolescence or adulthood. III.A.l.a. First Use of Cocaine, Upper, and Downers The first use of cocaine, uppers and downers by senior high students reportedly began most frequently between the ages of 14 and 17. Table III.A.2. contains the age of first use of illicit drugs as reported by the senior high school students in the southeast region. III.A.l.b. First Use of Inhalants and Hallucinogens Senior high school students reported the greatest frequency of first use of both inhalants and hallucinogens (3.3% and 2.1%) 48 Fla between the ages of 12 and 15 years. 1II.A.2. Frequency of Illicit Drua Use Students were asked to respond to how often they used illicit drugs within the past year using the same eight category response set ranging from "No Use" to "Daily" use as was used for the gateway drugs. See Appendix A for a copy of the PRIDE Questionnaire. The frequency of use categories were collapsed into three use categories ("Infrequent", "Frequent" and "Very Frequent") in the same manner as they were collapsed for the gateway drugs. Tables containing frequency of illicit drug use appear at the end of this subsection. The reader is encouraged to study the percentage tables in Appendix B for more complete detailed results. III.A.2.a. Frequency of Use of Cocaine, Uppers and Downers Although there is much media coverage about the use of cocaine and crack cocaine, fortunately the percentage cf students in the region reporting cocaine use is relatively low in comparison to the gateway drugs. For example, 3.8 percent of the senior high students reported using cocaine or crack cocaine within the past year as compared to 20.3 percent who reported marijuana use. However, 3.8 percent of the nearly 39,000 high school students just in this sample alone translates into 1,480 students who are involved with cocaine, one of the most addictive drugs known. Use of uppers by senior high students was higher than that of cocaine with 8.2 percent reporting taking stimulants within the past year. Use of downers was also slightly higher than that 49 reported for cocaine for senior high students (4.9%). The percentage data for junior and senior high students who reported using other illicit drugs within the past year is contained in Figure III.A.1. As can be observed from the bar graph, senior high school student use was dramatically greater than junior high student use. For more detailed data on frequency of cocaine, uppers and downers use refer to Tables III.A.3 and III.A.4. Also, Appendix B contains percentage tables for illicit drug use by grade level. III.A.2.b. Frequency of Use of Inhalants and Hallucinogens The use of inhalants as reported by junior high students exceeded that reported by senior high students (see Tables III.A.3 and III.A.4). The senior high use rate was 4.2 percent as compared to the junior high use rate of 4.7 percent. Senior high students' use of hallucinogens during the past year was about the same as for cocaine. Overall use of hallucinogens by senior high students was reported as 3.4 percent. While these percentages are relatively small, they represent a number of students who are involved in very dangerous behavior and are at extreme risk. Table III.A.3, III.A.4, and Figure III.A. contain the percentages of students who reported inhalant and hallucinogen use during the past year. III.A.3. Intoxicating Effects of Illicit Drug Use Reported frequency of use provides critical information about prevalence of drug use among students. However, information 50 regarding the intoxicating effects of illicit drug use is equally important. Specifically, when students use illicit drugs, what degree of intoxication do they attain? Do students report more "casual" or non-intoxicating effects when they use illicit drugs, or do they report reaching high levels of intoxication? The term "highly intoxicated" is used for students who reported getting "Very High" or "Bombed /Stoned." Table III.A.5. contains data on the percent of students reporting getting highly intoxicated when they use illicit drugs. It should be kept in mind that these percentages were computed only for students who reported using the drug, and, as can be observed in Tables III.A.3. and III.A.4., represents only a small percentage of the students participating in the SERC surveys. III.A.3.a. Intoxicating Effects of Cocaine, Uppers and Downers It is important to understand the intoxicating effects reported by students when using cocaine, uppers and downers. For example, two-thirds of the junior high and almost three-fourths of the senior high students who admitted using cocaine reported getting highly intoxicated when they used. These data are indicative of the high addictive nature of cocaine use and suggests that students who use are generally not casual users but use to become highly intoxicated. About forty-eight percent (48.4%) of the junior high students and about thirty percent (30.4%) of the senior high students reported getting "Very High" or "Bombed/Stoned" when using uppers. 51 66 Somewhat less percentages were reported for downers (36,0% for junior high and 29.1% for senior high students). These data suggest that generally students do not become as intoxicated when they use uppers or downers as when they use cortine. One explanation may be that uppers are used by senior high students to counter the effects of alcohol abuse and are not used to "get high." Results reported in Section III.B. somewhat supports this theory. Another explanation may be that many students who use uppers have not reached the higher levels of addiction as has the cocaine user, and the cocaine users' need for staving high is greater. III.A.3.b. Intoxicating Effects of Inhalants and Hallucinogens Of those junior high students who reported using inhalants during the past year (4.7%), 25.9 percent reported getting "Very High" or "Bombed/Stoned." About 4.2 percent of the senior high students reported using inhalants, and 31.4 percent reported getting highly intoxicated when they used. A large majority of students who use hallucinogens reported getting highly intoxicated. Two-thirds of the junior high students who reported using hallucinogens reached high levels of intoxication. For senior high this percentage jumped to 82.1 percent, the highest of any drug category. Table III.A.5. contains these comparative percentages. To restate some of the above findings for the intoxicating effects of illicit drug use; less than one-third of the senior high students who reported using uppers and downers reported getting 52 6TH highly intoxicated, while nearly three-fourths of cocaine users reached high levels of intoxication. These data indicate that illicit drug use, particularly cocaine use, is not casual, but is practiced to reach extreme mind-altered states. These findings are cause for concern for students who use these drugs. Prescription and non-prescription use of stimulants and depressants should be monitored as these drugs can be dangerous when taken in non- prescribed dosages or for non-medical purposes outside the care of a physician. Any use of cocaine should be considered as evidence of a child's need for professional help. As for cocaine, the high percent of stude. ts reporting high intoxication levels when using hallucinogens is indicative of the highly toxic nature of these drugs. Of the 3.4 percent of senior high students who repor.3d using hallucinogens, over 80 percent are doing so to reach high levels of intoxication. These data translate into over 1,000 youth surveyed by SERC that are at very high risk of becoming or may already be addicted to hallucinogens. These students need to be identified and provided with immediate professional help. 53 68 Table III.A.1. First Use of Illicit Drugs by Junior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Under Over 10 10-11 12-13 14-15 16-17 18-19 Cocaine 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 _20 0.1 Uppers 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 DoWners 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 Inhalants 2.4 1.4 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 Hallucinogens 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 Table III.A.2. First Use of Illicit Drugs by Senior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Under Over 12_ 10-11 12-13 14-15 16-17 18-19 Cocaine 0.3 0.1 0.5 1.6 1.6 0.2 _20 0.1 Uppers 0.5 0.5 2.3 4.8 2.2 0.1 0.1 Downers 0.4 0.4 1.5 2.5 1.1 0.1 0.1 Inhalants 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.7 0.6 0.1 0.1 Hallucinogens 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.6 1.2 0.1 0.1 54 Table III.A.3. Frequency of Illicit Drug Use by Junior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) = = === Infrequent = == ====- Frequent ==_= Very Frequent Total Use Cocaine 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.6 Uppers 1.1 0.8 1.0 2.9 Downers 0.9 0.6 0.8 2.2 Inhalants 2.5 0.8 1.4 4.7 Hallucinogens 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.5 Table III.A.4. Frequency of Illicit Drug Use by Senior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Infrequent Frequent Very Frequent Total Use Cocaine 1.9 0.7 1.2 3.8 Uppers 3.9 2.1 2.3 8.2 Downers 2.1 1.4 1.5 4.9 Inhalants 2.4 0.8 1.1 4.2 Hallucinogens 1.7 0.8 0.9 3.4 55 70 Table III.A.5. Percent of Students Reporting High Intoxication Levels When Using Illicit Drugs* (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug Junior High Senior High Cocaine 66.7 72.7 Uppers 48.4 30.4 Downers 36.0 29.1 Inhalants 25.9 31.4 Hallucinogens 66.7 82.1 * Percentages computed from students who reported getting "Very High" or "Bombed/Stoned" when they used the illicit drug. 56 2-1 Fig. III.A.1 ILLICIT DRUG USE Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 3.8% Cocaine Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) 72 8.2% Uppers 4.9% Downers 4.7% 1.5° 3.4% Inhalants Hallucinogens Jr HS Sr HS III.B. Location and Time of Other Illicit Drug Use Location and time of illicit drug use provides parents, school officials and others in the community with information useful in implementing effective drug abuse prevention programs related to these drug categories. Locations and times of use responded to by students were the same as for the gateway drugs. They are as follows: Locations of Use Time of Use At Home Before School At School During School In a Car After School Friend's Home Week nights Other Places Weekends Students were allowed to mark as many locations and times of use as were applicable to them. Of course, a " Do Not Use" category was also included. As for the use items, junior high responses to location and time of use were very lc=:; and will not be included in this discussion. III.B.1. Locations and Times of Cocaine. Uppers and Downers Use Percentage data for locations and times of illicit drug use are contained in Tables III.B.1 through III.B.4. Senior high school students reported using cocaine most often at a "Friend's Home" (1.9%), at "Other" places in the community (1.8%) or "In a Car" (1.1%). These students reported using uppers somewhat equally across the various location categories, with the largest percentage reporting use "At School" (3.7%). The use of downers was reported most frequently "At Home" (2.1%) and at "Other" places in the 58 '1 community (2.1%). The percentage of illicit drug use reported by junior high students was found to be generally less than one percent. The preferred time to use cocaine, uppers and downers for the senior high schools students was on "Weekends." According to their responses 4.3 percent of the students reported using uppers on weekends. This was the most reported use across all illicit drug categories. Although the gathered percentages appear low for location and time the pattern of drug use should be noted and used when planning prevention programs. III.B.2. Location and Time of Inhalants and Hallucinogens Use Of the 4.7 percent junior high school students who reported using inhalants, they most often responded to using inhalants "At Home" (2.5%). Senior high school students were slightly less likely to use inhalants (4.2%) and reported the use of them "At Home " (2.0%) as the most popular location. Student responses translated in to low percentages across other location categories. Senior high school students reported most often using hallucinogens at "Other" places in the community (2.0%). Junior and senior high school students preferred time of use of inhalants and hallucinogens were consistent in their responses. The junior high school students indicated use of inhalants (1.9%) and hallucinogens (0.7%) during weekends. Senior high students had a much greater response to use of inhalants (2.0%) and hallucinogens (2.4%) on weekends. The remaining responses were 59 less than 2 percent for any other time of use category. The pattern of responses can be examined in Tables III.B.3 and III.B.4 for consideration in planning prevention programs. 60 Table III.B.1. Location of Illicit Drug Use by Junior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug At At Home School In a Car Friend's Rome Other Cocaine 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 Uppers 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.1 Downers 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.9 Inhalants 2.0 1.9 0.5 1.3 1.3 Hallucinogens 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 Table III.B.2. Location of Illicit Drug Use by Senior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug At Home At School In a Car Friend's Home Other Cocaine 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.9 1.8 Uppers 3.1 3.7 2.0 3.0 3.5 Downers 2.1 1.7 1.3 1.9 2.1 Inhalants 2.0 1.5 0.8 1.4 1.5 Hallucinogens 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.7 2.0 61 Table III.B.3. Time of Illicit Drug U'e by Junior High School Students (1988-89 ,ERC Survey Results) Before During After Week Drug School School School pichts Weekends Cocaine 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 Uppers 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.5 Downers 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 1.0 Inhalants 0.6 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.9 Hallucinogens 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.7 Table III.B.4. Time of Illicit Drug Use by Senior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Before During After Week Drua Schoo School School Nights Weekends Cocaine 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 2.5 Uppers 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.2 4.3 Downers 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.7 2.7 Inhalants 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.2 2.0 Hallucinogens 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 2.4 62 III.C. Friends' Use of Illicit Drugs Students were asked to respond to their friends' use of illicit drugs. The categories were "None," "A Few," "Several," or " A Lot." These data allowed for a measure of peer pressure to use drugs, i.e., if students have friends who use illicit drugs, they most likely will have the opportunity to use and possibly feel pressure to use themselves. In addition, this measure gives another less direct measure of overall illicit drug use among the adolescent population. The use of illicit drugs by junior high students remained at a lower percentage rate than for senior high students. Approximately 90 percent of the junior high students reported having no friends who use illicit drugs with the exception of hallucinogens where the percentage increased to 94 percent (see Table III.C.1). A larger percentage of senior high students reported having friends who use cocaine, uppers and downers than junior high students. Friends' use of uppers was most common with approximately 21 percent of the students reporting some use. Friends' use of cocaine and downers were reported by about 17 percent of the students. Inhalants and hallucinogens had the smallest percentage of friends' use as reported by the senior high school students at about 12 percent. The data compilation of student responses can be found in Tables III.C.1 and III.C.2 of this report. 63 Table III.C.1. Friends' Use of Illicit Drugs by Junior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) None A Few Several Most Cocaine 91.5 5.6 1.4 1.5 Uppers 90.8 5.8 1.8 1.6 Downers 91.6 5.3 1.6 1.5 Inhalants 90.1 6.2 2.0 1.7 Hallucinogens 94.0 3.8 1.0 1.3 Table III.C.2. Friends' Use of Illicit Drugs by Senior High School Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) None A Few Several Most Cocaine 83.1 13.0 2.1 1.8 Uppers 78.4 15.3 3.8 2.5 Downers 82.8 12.5 2.7 2.0 Inhalants 88.1 8.7 1.7 1.5 Hallucinogens 88.0 3.1 2.1 1.8 64 S 0 III.D. Perceived Harmful Effects of Illicit Drug Use Both junior and senior high students responded to questions about the perceived harmful health effects of using illicit drugs. When examining both sets of data as seen in Tables III.D.1 and III.D.2 it can be deducted that more students perceive cocaine as a greater health hazard than the other listed illicit drugs. About 82 percent of the junior high students recognized the dangers and more than 88 percent of the senior high school students agreed with their younger peers. The surveyed students perceived hallucinogens to be somewhat as harmful as cocaine. Of the junior high school students surveyed, almost 80 percent perceived this illicit drug as "Somewhat" or "Very Much" harmful to their health. At the senior high school level the same trend appeared with more than 86 percent of these students recognizing the dangers of drugs. Students responded to the harmful effects of uppers, downers and inhalants consistently across all grade levels. An interesting analysis of these data is to determine the percentage of students who responded to the categories "No" and "Don't Know." This provided as estimate of the students who are uninformed about the dangers of drug use. These identified of students are the ones who would benefit most from drug abuse education. These summary data can be noted in Table III.D.3. When the response categories for "No " and "Don't Know" were combined, a larger percentage of junior high students responded that the listed illicit drugs were not harmful or they did not know. This pattern was consistent and provides dramatic evidence 65 of the need to target younger students for prevention efforts. These data strongly support the need for drug educaticn as a prevention measure to be initiated early as part of the students' educational process to improve the knowledge, skills, and attitudes about the dangers of drug use. These findings give needed impetus to the importance of drug education beginning in the early childhood years and continuing throughout junior and senior high school. It is also vital to be cognizant of the fact that any prevention effort should be broad based enough to include the school and community with a special emphasis being placed on the family. 66 Table III.D.1. Perceived Harmful Effects of Illicit Drug Use by Junior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Some Very Don't Time Much Know Junior Hiah Cocaine 10.7 1.3 81.3 6.7 Uppers 11.2 4.0 74.6 10.2 Downers 11.2 3.9 74.5 10.4 Inhalants 11.8 6.2 71.0 11.1 Hallucinogens 10.8 2.1 77.5 9.6 Table III.D.2. Perceived Harmful Effects of Illicit Drug Use by Senior High Students (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Some Time Very Much Don't Know Cocaine _Kg._ 6.3 1.4 87.2 5.0 Uppers 7.6 6.9 77.8 7.7 Downers 7.3 6.2 78.3 8.1 Inhalants 7.0 4.9 79.9 8.2 Hallucinogens 6.6 2.3 84.3 6.9 Table III.D.3. Percent of Students Responding to "No" and "Don't Know" Categories to Health Hazard Question (1988-89 SERC Survey Results) Drug ==== Junior High Senior High Cocaine 17.4 11.3 Uppers 21.4 15.3 Downers 21.6 15.4 Inhalants 22.9 15.2 Hallucinogens 20.4 13.5 = 68 4 III.E. Availability of Other Illicit Drugs One of the factors contributing to the use of the illicit drugs is their availability or accessibility to adolescents. Students were asked how easy was it to get the various illicit drugs. Response categories were "Can't Get," "Fairly Difficult," "Fairly Easy," "Very Easy," and "Don't Know." While most students responded that they "Can't Get" or "Don't Know" if they can get illicit drugs, a substantial number of students reported ready access to illicit drugs, particularly the senior high students. Percentages of junior and senior high school students' responding "Fairly Easy" or "Very Easy" are presented as a bar graph in Figure III.E.1. Appendix B contains the percentage of student response data related to availability. One in ten junior high students (10.8%) and one in five senior high students (19.6%) reported cocaine to be readily available. This translates into approximately 1,125 junior high students and 7,260 senior high students -- over 8,000 students in this study alone -- who reported easy access to cocaine. Students responded similarly to other illicit drug categories. About 11 percent of the junior high students reported that uppers and downers are "Fairly Easy" or "Very Easy" to get, compared to more than 20 percent for senior high students. As expected, inhalants were reported as the drug category most readily available. Almost 10 percent (9.2%) of the junior high students reported access to hallucinogens as compared to more than 15 percent of the senior high students. 69 Fig. !ILEA - ILLICIT DRUG AVAILIBILITY Southeast Regional Center School Based Surveys 1988-89 19.6% Cocaine Source: PRIDE Questionnaire (n approx 50,000) Fi 6 24.3% 22.3% 19.8 27.4% 9.2 15.8% Uppers Downers Inhalants Hallucinogens Jr HS Sr HS CHAPTER IV: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS IV.A. Summary In 1988 and 1989 the Southeastern Regional Center for Drug- Free Schools and Communities (SERC) provided for school-based surveys of adolescent drug and alcohol use in various communities across the states, territories, and districts they served. This process resulted in a sample of approximately 50,000 students in the southeast region. Data from these school surveys were combined for analyses in this report. Student responses indicated that over one-fourth of the junior high and over one-third of the senior high students reported smoking cigarettes within the past year. Annual beer and wine cooler use was reported by about one-third of the junio high and over half of the senior high students. Fewer than half (44.6%) of the students reported using liquor. However, there seemed to be a progession of alcohol use from beer and wine coolers to liquor use. For example, fewer students reported reaching high levels of intoxication when drinking beer and wine coolers than was reported when Drinking liquor. Over 50 percent of the senior high students reported getting intoxicated when drinking liquor as compared to less than 25 percent for beer and only 10 percent for wine coolers. One in five students in grades 9 through 12 admitted to smoking marijuana within the past year. The percentage was lower for junior high students with one in fifteen reporting annual marijuana use. Almost two-thirds of these students indicated that they get highly intoxicated when they smoke marijuana. Marijuana 7' use by these young students is not "casual" use, and students apparently smoke marijuana to get "high." Other illicit drug use by junior and senior high students was low in comparison to cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use, and illicit drug use by junior high students was low in comparison to senior high students. For senior high students, less than 5 percent reported use of cocaine, depressants, inhalants or hallucinogens. About 8 percent reported using stimulants. However, for those students who reported using cocaine and hallucinogens, a high percentage reported getting highly intoxicated. For example, of the senior high students reporting cocaine use, nearly three-fourths reported getting highly intoxicated with use. For hallucinogen users, over 80 percent reported getting highly intoxicated. These data strongly suggest that if a student is found using these illicit drugs, professional help should be obtained immediately. Location and time of drug and alcohol use was relatively consistent. Students reported school as the place of least use of drugs and alcohol and the slogan of "drug-free schools" is a poor choice since most schools are relatively drug and alcohol-free. The most popular places of drug and alcohol use were the student's home, a friend's home, and in other places in the community. For older students, a car was also a popular place to drink and smoke marijuana. Weekends were by far the most popular time of use. It appears that adolescents use drugs and alcohol at times and places when there is social activity. This pattern of drug use further 72 Appendix A: Printed In U.S.A. Scanner Forms 10-2481-54321 RIDEQUES100,1AIRE FOR GRADES 6-12 USE NO. 2 PENCIL ONLY © 1982 National Parents' Resource Institute For Drug Education, Inc. May not be used without permission from PRIDE. I. STUDENT AND FAMILY INFORMATION 1. Ethnic origin: 0 White 0 Black 0 Hispanic 0 Asian 0 Native American 2. Sex: 0 Male 0 Female 3. Age: 4. Grade: 6. Does your father 8. Do you have 0 ® have a job? a job? 00 0 11 0 Yes. full-time 0 Yes, full-time 010 ® t12 0 Yes. part-time 0 Yes, part-time 00 0 0 No 0 No 9. What is the educational tevel of your 5. Do your 7. Does your mother father? mother? parents live have a job? 0 some high school 0 0 0 together? 0 Yes, full-time 0 nigh school graduate 0 0 apart? Q Yes. part-time 0 some college 0 0 No 0 college graduate 0 II. STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS 1. Do you make good grades? (000010 2. Do you get into trouble at school? p oo90 1 3. Do you play on a sports team(s)/ p 000p ,l 0!0 Q c) 4. Do you attend church or synagogue? c) o 5. Do you drive a car" 0 0 0 op 6. Do you ride in a car with friends" :o olio 7. Do you date? X0000 III. WHEN DID YOU FIRST 1. Smoke cigarettes? 2. Drink beer? 3. Drink wine coolers? 0 0 0101010 001 4. Drink liquor? .0 0 0101010 0101 5. Smoke marijuana? :000101010 0101 01 6. Use cocaine (crack. etc.)? 0 001 7. Use uppers (stimulants)? '0 0 010 010 0101 0010101 Or)'n (Th10.0' 0.00.00,0,00 0000:ololoo oopooio'ool 8. Do you bring friends home? 9. Do your parents talk with you about the harmful effects of using drugs? 10. Do your teachers talk with you about the harmful effects of using drugs? 11. Do your friends talk with you about the harmful effects of using drugs? of44/ 000 1000 C, 0 0 1.000 12. Do you like the way you look? 13. Are your parents strict with you? YEARS OLD 0 R1 , c6, tu 1.1d/ Z / /0/ olo,00doidol m01010100101 Use downers (depressants)/ 9. Use innaiants (glue. etc.i" 10. Use nallucinogens (PCP. LSD. etc.)/ 11. Use other drugs? 0 0 ;000010 0 00 010 00 00 0 op 14. Do you feel lonely? '00000 IV. WITHIN THE PAST YEAR HOW OFTEN HAVE YOU .17 4 /1"4 ,z cr, Lo4 cr c( 1/) 0 .... / as 0 Att 0 es iu 1. Smoked cigarettes? :0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0/ 2. Drunk beer? '0 0 0 0 0 010 01 3. Drunk wine coolers Q 0 0 0 0 00 01 4. Drunk liquon 1000000001 5. Smoked marijuana? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 Used cocaine (crack. etc.)? 0 0 0 0 010 0 0: Used uppers (stimulants)? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 Used downers (depressants)/ Used inhalants (glue. etc.)' 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0,00 0 00 0 0 Used hallucinogens IPCP. LSD. etc.)?-01010 0 0 0100 0 010 0 0 01010 Used other drugs? 1 MN V. WHAT EFFECT DO YOU MOST OFTEN GET WHEN YOU o tu o 2" 0, 2 >. 2 ti cc tu au co g c co 1. Drink beer? (-00000 2. Drink wine coolers? 00000 3. Drink liquor? 00000 4. Smoke marijuana? 00000 5. Use cocaine (crack, etc.)? 00000 6. Use uppers (stimulants)? 00000 7. Use downers (depressants)/ 00000 8. Use inhalants (glue, etc.)? 00000 9. Use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD. etc.)? 100000 10. Use other drugs? 100000 VIII. HOW MANY OF YOUR FRIENDS 0 14. gr cc O 1. Smoke cigarettes? 10000 2. Drink beer? 0000 3. Drink wine coolers? 10000 4. Drink liquor? 10000 5. Smoke marijuana? 100001 6. Use cocaine (crack, etc.)? 10000 7. Use uppers (stimulants)/ 10000 8. Use downers (depressants)? ;0000 9. Use inhalants (glue, etc.)? 10000 10. Use hallucinogens (PCP. LSD. etc.)? 1°000001001 11. Use other drugs? _. VI. WHERE DO YOU i i (You may mark more than 1 response for ,,-- 0 x 0 9)(10 0 0 ....-0: wi 0 cc/ : z 0 , /..., lowicci each question) .4C 10 ' 41 4-rill I 1. Smoke cigarettes? 1000000 2. Drink beer? ;000000 3. Drink wine coolers? 000000 4. Drink liquor? 1000000 5. Smoke marijuana? 0000001 6. Use cocaine (crack, etc.)/ 000000 7. Use uppers (stimulants)/ 1000000 U 8. se downers (depressants)/ 1000000 9. Use inhalants (glue, etc.)' j000000 10. Use hallucinogens (PCP. LSD. etc.)? 000000 11. Use other drugs/ 0000 010 IX. DO YOU FEEL THE FOLLOWING DRUGS ARE HARMFUL TO YOUR HEALTH? 1. Cigarettes 10 2. Beer 0 3. Wine coolers 10 4. Liquor 0 5. Marijuana 0i, 6. Cocaine (crack. etc.) V 7. Uppers (stimulants) :0 of000000 8. Downers (depressants) '0 0 9. Inhalants (glue. etc.) 10. Hallucinogens (PCP. LSD, etc.) 0000 O O O O O 0000000 0,0 VII. WHEN DO YOU (You may mark more than 1 response for each question) 1. Smoke cigarettes? 2. Drink beer? 3. Drink wine coolers? 4. Drink liquor/ 5. Smoke marijuana? 6. Use cocaine (crack, etc.)? 7. Use uppers (stimulants)? 8. Use downers (depressants)? 9. Use inhalants (glue, etc.)? 10. Use hallucinogens (PCP, LSD. etc.)? 11 Use other drugs/ X W 0 Cc V V oi 01 co° U, 0 2 OW g g ° 0I- fl) ... ,, / 1 ez : e I k ww . (0000001 000000! ;00001001 0000100! -,00100100I 0000001 0000001 10000001 ;0000001 j0000001 '00.0.000 X. HOW EASY IS IT TO GET 1. Beer? 01 2. Wine coolers? 00000 3. Liquor? .00000 4. tlarljuana? -00000 5. Cocaine (crack, etc.)? ;00000 6. Uppers (stimulants)? 700000 7. Downers (depressants)? 00000 8. Inhalants (glue, etc.)? 00000 9. Hallucinogens (PCP, LSD. etc.)? 100000 10. Other drugs? 000 Appendix B: INTRODUCTION The following report has been compiled from the data collected by the Southeast Regional Center(SERC) during the 1988-89 school year using the PRIDE Questionnaire. This report consists of tables regarding the prevalence and patterns of drug and alcohol use from schools in that region. Procedures for Data Collection and Processing Throughout the school year, SERC School Teams were asked to survey their schools using the PRIDE Questionnaire. The PRIDE Questionnaire is a one-page, fill-in-the-bubble type questionnaire that asks questions regarding student demographics, student information, first use of drugs, frequency of use, effect of use, location of use, time of use, friends use, perceived harmfulness of use and perceived availability. Schools were sent the required number of questionnaires along with administration and return mailing instructions. The schools administered the questionnaires . and returned them to PRIDE. The questionnaires were then machine scored using an NCS Opscan 21 Model 100 optical reader. Questionnaires which were blank, contained no grade information or failed to meet the internal consistency checks built-in to the PRIDE Questionnaire were discarded by the optical reader. The remaining questionnaires were scored and the data were output to a computer data file. Using custom-built software, all SERC data files from the school year were combined and this report was generated. 9 4 Format of Survey Report This report contains survey results in tabular form. Percent of student responses for each item on the questionnaire is contained in a separate table. Each table contains percentage data by grade level, "Junior High" (Grades 6 through 8), "Senior High" (Grades 9 through 12), and "Total." The "N of Valid" column contains the number of students that responded to the item and the "N of Missing" column contains the number of students that did not respond to the item. The remaining columns contain the percentage of students responding to the particular response category. The percentage tables appear in the report in the order they appear on the Questionnaire. The preceding Table of Contents contains the percentage tables by section and gives the page number where the table is located in the document. The last section of tables (tables prefixed by "11") presents the frequency of use (Question IV) data again with the categories "collapsed" to fo..m fewer response categories. This additional set of tables were computed to provide the user with data that can be more easily interpreted (e.g., fewer categories to examine). The data were collapsed as follows: Infrequent Use = Once/Year + 6 Times/Year Frequent Use = Once/Month + Twice/Month Very Frequent Use = Once/Week + 3 Times/Week + Every Day Total = Sum of all Response ;atecrories 9J Many communities have found these collapsed data to be more easily interpreted for use in assessing the prevalence of drug use in their community. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PERSONAL AND FAMILY INFORMATION 1.1 Ethnic Orgin 1.2 Sex 1.3 Age 1.4 Do You Parents Live 2 2 3 1.5 Does Your Father Have A Job 3 1.6 Does Your Mother Have A Job 3 1.7 Do You Have A Job 4 1.8 Educational Level Of Father 4 1.9 Educational Level Of Mother 4 STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS 2.1 Do You Make Good Grades 5 2.2 Do You Get Into Trouble At School 5 2.3 Do You Play On A Sports Team 5 2.4 Do You Attend Church Or Synagogue 6 2.5 Do You Drive A Car 6 2.6 Do You Ride In A Car With Friends 6 2.7 Do You Date 7 2.8 Do You Bring Friends Home 7 2.9 Do You Talk To Parents About Problems 7 2.10 Do You Talk To Friends About Problems 8 2.11 Do You Watch Rock Videos 8 2.12 Do You Like The Way You Look 8 2.13 Do You Fell You Parents Are Strict With You . . . 9 2.14 Do You Feel Lonely 9 WHEN DID YOU FIRST 3.1 When Did You First Use Cigarettes 10 3.2 When Did You First Use Beer 10 3.3 When Did You First Use Wine Coolers 10 3.4 When Did You First Use Liquor 11 3.5 When Did You First Use Marijuana 11 3.6 When Did You First Use Cocaine 11 3.7 When Did You First Use Uppers 12 3.8 When Did You First Use Downers 12 3.9 When Did You First Use Inhalants 12 3.10 When Did You First Use Hallucinogens 13 3.11 When Did You First Use Other Drugs 13 WITHIN THE LAST YEAR HOW OFTEN HAVE YOU 4.1 How Often Have You Used Cigarettes 14 4.2 How Often Have You Used Beer 14 4.3 How Often Have You Used Wine Coolers 14 4.4 How Often Have You Used Liquor 15 4.5 How Often Have You Used Marijuana 15 4.6 How Often Have You Used Cocaine 15 9 7 4.7 How Often Have You Used Uppers 16 4.8 How Often Have You Used Downers 16 4.9 How Often Have You Used Inhalants 16 4.10 How Often Have You Used Hallucinogens 17 4.11 How Often Have You Used Other Drugs 17 WHAT EFFECT DO YOU MOST OFTEN GET 5.1 Effect When You Use Beer 18 5.2 Effect When You Use Wine Coolers 18 5.3 Effect When You Use Liquor 18 5.4 Effect When You Use Marijuana 19 5.5 Effect When You Use Cocaine 19 5.6 Effect When You Use Uppers 19 5.7 Effect When You Use Downers 20 5.8 Effect When You Use Inhalants 20 5.9 Effect When You Use Hallucinogens 20 5.10 Effect When You Use Other Drugs 21 WHERE DO YOU MOST OFTEN 6.1 Where Do You Most Often Use Cigarettes 22 6.2 Where Do You Most Often Use Beer 22 6.3 Where Do You Most Often Use Wine Coolers . . . . 22 6.4 Where Do You Most Often Use Liquor 23 6.5 Where Do You Most Often Use Marijuana 23 6.6 Where Do You Most Often Use Cocaine 23 6.7 Where Do You Most Often Use Uppers 24 6.8 Where Do You Most Often Use Downers 24 6.9 Where Do You Most Often Use Inhalants 24 6.10 Where Do You Most Often Use Hallucinogens . . 25 6.11 Where Do You Most Often Use Other Drugs . . . . 25 WHEN DO YOU 7.1 When Do You Use Cigarettes 26 7.2 When Do You Use Beer 26 7.3 When Do You Use Wine Coolers 26 7.4 When Do You Use Liquor 27 7.5 When Do You Use Marijuana 27 7.6 When Do You Use Cocaine 27 7.7 When Do You Use Uppers 28 7.8 When Do You Use Downers 28 7.9 When Do You Use Inhalants 28 7.10 When Do You Use Hallucinogens 29 7.11 When Do You Use Other Drugs 29 HOW MANY OF YOUR FRIENDS 8.1 How Many Of Your Friends 8.2 How Many Of Your Friends 8.3 How Many Of Your Friends 8.4 How Many Of Your Friends 8.5 How Many Of Your Friends 8.6 How Many Of Your Friends Use Cigarettes 30 Use Beer 30 Use Wine Coolers 30 Use Liquor 31 Use Marijuana 31 Use Cocaine 31 8.7 How Many Of Your Friends Use Uppers 32 8.8 How Many Of Your Friends Use Downers 32 8.9 How Many Of Your Friends Use Inhalants 32 8.10 How Many Of Your Friends Use Hallucinogens . 33 8.11 How Many Of Your Friends Use Other Drugs . 33 DO YOU FEEL DRUGS ARE HARMFUL 9.1 Harmful To Health -- Cigarettes 34 9.2 Harmful To Health -- Beer 34 9.3 Harmful To Health -- Wine Coolers 34 9.4 Harmful To Health -- Liquor 35 9.5 Harmful To Health -- Marijuana 35 9.6 Harmful To Health -- Cocaine 35 9.7 Harmful To Health -- Uppers 36 9.8 Harmful To Health -- Downers 36 9.9 Harmful To Health -- Inhalants 36 9.10 Harmful To Health -- Hallucinogens 37 HOW EASY IS IT TO GET 10.1 How Easy Is It To Get Beer 38 10.2 How Easy Is It To Get Wine Coolers 38 10.3 How Easy Is It To Get Liquor 38 10.4 How Easy Is It To Get Marijuana 39 10.5 How Easy Is It To Get Cocaine 39 10.6 How Easy Is It To Get Uppers 39 10.7 How Easy Is It To Get Downers 40 10.8 How Easy Is It To Get Inhalants 40 10.9 How Easy Is It To Get Hallucinogens 40 10.10 How Easy Is It To Get Other Drugs El COLLAPSED FREQUENCY OF USE 11.1 Frequency Of Use Cigarettes 42 11.2 Frequency Of Use Beer 42 11.3 Frequency Of Use Wine Coolers 42 11.4 Frequency Of Use Liquor 43 11.5 Frequency Of Use -- Marijuana 43 11.6 Frequency Of Use -- Cocaine 43 11.7 Frequency Of Use -- Uppers 44 11.8 Frequency Of Use -- Downers 44 11.9 Frequency Of Use -- Inhalants 44 11.10 Frequency Of Use -- Hallucinogens 45 11.11 Frequency Of Use -- Other Drugs 45 GRAPHS 12.1 Sex 46 12.2 Race 46 12.3 Grade 46 12.4 Age 46 12.5 Frequency Of Use 47 12.6 Location Of Use 48 12.7 Time Of Use 60 PRIDE USA SERC 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid 1.1 N of Miss Ethnic Orgin His Orien Nativ White Black panic tal Amer 6 1411 12 69.2 28.8 0.7 0.4 0.9 7 4263 349 55.4 38.0 5.7 0.5 0.4 8 4561 326 60.1 33.3 5.2 0.5 0.9 9 9026 216 63.7 29.3 3.9 0.9 2.2 10 10500 197 67.8 23.4 3.8 0.9 4.2 11 9849 166 69.8 21.7 3.8 0.9 3.8 12 8871 160 70.2 22.4 2.9 0.7 3.7 Jr Hs 10235 687 59.4 34.6 4.8 0.5 0.7 Sr Hs 38246 739 67.9 24.1 3.6 0.9 3.5 TOTAL 48481 1426 66.1 26.3 3.9 0.8 2.9 Grade 1.2 N of Valid Sex N of Miss 6 1355 68 50.0 50.0 7 4122 490 51.5 48.5 8 4317 570 51.1 48.9 9 8322 920 50.0 50.0 10 9529 1168 49.2 50.8 11 8833 1182 48.5 51.5 12 7904 1127 48.1 51.9 Jr Hs 9794 1128 51.1 48.9 Sr Hs 34588 4397 48.9 51.1 TOTAL 44382 5525 49.4 50.6 1.3 Age N of Grade Valid N of Under 10- Miss 10 11 6 1386 37 7 4499 113 8 4814 73 9 9109 133 10 10589 108 11 9963 52 12 8967 64 Jr Hs 10699 223 Sr Hs 38628 357 TOTAL 49327 580 0.5 54.4 0.3 3.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 8.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 2.0 2 12- 14- 16- 18- Over 13 15 17 19 20 41.6 1.9 0.3 0.0 1.3 83.6 12.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 52.8 43.7 2.6 0.1 0.1 3.3 84.0 11.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 56.1 41.9 1.5 0.1 0.0 4.2 88.9 6.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 66.3 32.6 0.5 64.3 25.1 1.4 0.1 0.3 0.8 36.3 52.5 9.7 0.3 14.6 33.8 41.4 7.6 0.3 100 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 1.4 Grade Do You N of Valid Parents Live N of Miss Togthr Apart 6 1396 27 69.1 30.9 7 4241 371 58.9 41.1 4629 258 61.5 38.5 9 8888 354 62.0 38.0 10 10312 385 65.1 34.9 11 9644 371 66.7 33.3 12 8694 337 66.5 33.5 Jr Hs 10266 656 61.4 38.6 Sr Hs 37538 1447 65.1 34.9 TOTAL 47804 2103 64.3 35.7 1.5 Grade Does Your Father Have A Job N of N of Full Part Valid Miss Time Time No 6 1355 68 81.7 9.3 9.0 7 4069 543 80.9 9.5 9.7 8 4479 408 82.8 7.4 9.8 9 8682 560 84.0 5.6 10.4 10 10134 563 85.2 4.3 10.5 11 9530 485 85.7 3.2 11.1 12 8586 445 85.6 2.9 11.4 Jr Hs 9903 1019 81.9 8.5 9.6 Sr Hs 36932 2053 85.2 4.0 10.8 TOTAL 46835 3072 84.5 5.0 10.6 1.6 Grade Does Your Mother Have N of N of Full Valid Miss Time A Job Part Time No 6 1402 21 51.9 17.6 30.5 7 4202 410 57.9 16.0 26.1 8 4590 297 61.3 14.0 24.7 9 8895 347 60.6 13.0 26.5 10 10377 320 61.2 13.0 25.8 11 9708 307 61.5 12.3 26.2 12 8748 283 63.1 12.1 24.9 Jr Hs 10194 728 58.6 15.3 26.1 Sr Hs 37728 1257 61.6 12.6 25.8 TOTAL 47922 1985 60.9 13.2 25.9 1 0 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 1.7 N of Valid Do You Have A Job N of Full Part Miss Time Time No 6 1402 21 2.4 18.2 79.5 7 4279 333 1.5 19.3 79.2 8 4671 216 1.9 18.2 80.0 9 9028 214 1.9 19.3 78.7 10 10517 180 2.3 25.6 72.1 11 9858 157 2.7 38.6 58.7 12 8893 138 4.7 50.2 45.2 Jr Hs 10352 570 1.8 18.6 79.6 Sr Hs 38296 689 2.9 33.2 64.0 TOTAL 48648 1259 2.6 30.1 67.3 Grade 1.8 Educational N of N of Valid Miss Level Of Father Some HS Some HS Grad Colg Colg Grad 6 1233 190 23.3 37.4 12.0 27.3 7 3626 986 21.8 40.0 12.9 25.3 8 4173 714 24.3 40.3 11.5 24.0 9 8251 991 24.6 38.6 13.3 23.5 10 9793 904 24.3 37.3 14.0 24.4 11 9211 804 24.8 36.6 14.3 24.3 12 8354 677 22.8 35.8 16.8 24.6 Jr Hs 9032 1890 23.1 39.8 12.1 25.0 Sr Hs 35609 3376 24.1 37.0 14.6 24.2 TOTAL 44641 5266 23.9 37.6 14.1 24.4 Grade 1.9 Educational N of N of Valid Miss Level Some HS Of Mother HS Some Grad Colg Colg Grad 6 1278 145 20.1 38.3 15.7 25.8 7 3728 884 21.6 40.8 14.3 23.2 8 4262 625 22.7 41.7 13.7 21.9 9 8434 808 21.9 42.0 15.7 20.4 10 9998 699 21.1 41.9 16.5 20.6 11 9362 653 20.6 41.7 17.1 20.6 12 8552 479 19.1 40.9 18.8 21.2 Jr Hs 9268 1654 21.9 40.9 14.2 23.0 Sr Hs 36346 2639 20.7 41.6 17.0 20.7 TOTAL 45614 4293 20.9 41.5 16.4 21.2 102 4 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 2.1 Do You Make Good Grades Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never Sel dom Some time Often Alct 6 1418 5 1.2 2.0 37.5 27.7 31.5 7 4574 38 1.3 3.1 39.0 32.0 24.7 8 4868 19 0.8 3.5 37.4 33.9 2.4.4 9 9204 38 0.9 3.3 37.4 36.5 22.0 10 10632 65 0.7 3.4 36.3 37.4 22.2 11 9940 75 0.4 2.6 35.1 38.7 23.1 12 9003 28 0.4 2.0 30.4 41.7 25.3 Jr Hs 10860 62 1.1 3.1 38.1 32.3 25.4 Sr Hs 38779 206 0.6 2.9 34.9 38.5 23.1 TOTAL 49639 268 0.7 2.9 35.6 37.2 23.6 Grade 2.2 Do You Get Into Trouble At School N of N of Sel Some Valid Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1414 9 30.0 37.1 23.5 5.2 4.2 7 4570 42 32.0 34.5 24.3 5.6 3.5 8 4866 21 29.3 38.8 23.2 5.7 3.0 9 9203 39 36.4 39.0 18.3 4.0 2.3 10 10626 71 42.8 38.9 14.1 2.5 1.7 11 9937 78 46.1 37.9 12.3 2.3 1.3 12 9005 26 51.1 35.7 10.6 1.6 1.0 Jr Hs 10850 72 30.5 36.8 23.7 5.6 3.4 Sr Hs 38771 214 44.1 37.9 13.8 2.6 1.6 TOTAL 49621 286 41.1 37.7 16.0 3.3 2.0 Grade 2.3 N of Valid Do You Play On A Sports Team N of Sel Some Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1406 17 37.0 8.7 16.6 9.7 28.0 7 4546 66 37.5 9.7 16.1 10.3 26.3 8 4837 50 37.4 11.6 15.6 10.6 24.8 9 9151 91 40.2 12.7 15.5 9.7 21.8 10 10581 116 44.3 12.1 13.4 9.0 21.2 11 9898 117 45.8 13.1 13.3 8.7 19.1 12 8956 75 48.4 12.4 13.4 8.0 17.7 Jr Hs 10789 133 37.4 10.4 16.0 10.4 25.9 Sr Hs 38586 399 44.7 12.6 13.9 8.9 20.0 TOTAL 49375 532 43.1 12.1 14.3 9.2 21.3 103 5 PRIDE USA - SERC 2.4 Do You Attend Church Or Synagogue 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never Sel dom Some time Often Alot 6 1405 18 9.4 8.9 21.5 15.5 44.7 7 4537 75 11.7 12.2 23.5 16.5 36.1 8 4861 26 13.2 13.7 23.2 16.0 33.9 9 9165 77 14.6 15.1 22.1 16.8 31.3 10 10598 99 14.4 15.9 21.9 16.0 31.8 11 9920 95 14.2 17.2 21.8 16.8 30.0 12 8975 56 13.8 18.5 22.4 17.5 27.8 Jr Hs 10803 119 12.1 12.4 23.1 16.2 36.2 Sr Hs 38658 327 14.3 16.7 22.0 16.7 30.3 TOTAL 49461 446 13.8 15.7 22.3 16.6 31.6 Grade N of Valid 2.5 Do You Drive A Car N of Sel Some Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1410 13 68.9 12.4 12.6 2.9 3.3 7 4552 60 67.2 13.5 12.0 4.1 3.3 8 4847 40 59.5 16.3 14.7 4.8 4.8 9 9162 80 50.9 16.2 17.4 7.3 8.2 10 10596 101 34.7 15.2 22.1 11.2 16.8 11 9924 91 13.4 9.3 16.6 13.9 46.9 12 8978 53 9.1 5.7 11.3 11.5 62.4 Jr Hs 10809 113 63.9 14.6 13.3 4.3 3.9 Sr Hs 38660 325 27.1 11.7 17.1 11.0 33.1 TOTAL 49469 438 35.2 12.4 16.2 9.5 26.7 Grade 2.6 Do You Ride N of N of Valid Miss In A Car With Friends Sel Some Never dom time Often Alot 6 1410 13 32.4 13.9 25.0 13.1 15.6 7 4548 64 26.5 14.2 26.7 12.9 19.8 8 4845 42 19.5 15.0 28.0 16.3 21.3 9 9166 76 11.3 13.0 27.3 18.8 29.6 10 10614 83 7.5 10.6 24.7 21.5 35.7 11 9915 100 4.4 9.9 23.9 23.2 38.6 12 8980 51 3.5 9.7 24.7 24.2 37.9 Jr Hs 10803 119 24.1 14.5 27.0 14.4 19.9 Sr Hs 38675 310 6.7 10.8 25.1 21.9 35.5 TOTAL 49478 429 10.5 11.6 25.5 20.3 32.1 10,1 6 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid 2.7 N of Miss Do You Date Sel Never dom Some time Often Alot 6 1408 15 65.1 12.9 11.6 4.2 6.1 7 4534 78 46.4 15.2 19.7 9.2 9.6 8 4827 60 37.2 16.7 23.0 11.1 12.0 9 9125 117 22.5 15.8 27.3 15.7 18.7 10 10552 145 15.4 13.4 26.9 19.8 24.5 11 9885 130 8.8 10.4 24.2 21.2 35.5 12 8955 76 5.7 8.2 22.1 21.6 42.4 Jr Hs 10769 153 44.7 15.5 20.1 9.4 10.2 Sr Hs 38517 468 13.1 12.0 25.2 19.6 30.1 TOTAL 49286 621 20.0 12.8 24.1 17.4 25.8 2.8 Do You Bring Friends Home N of N of Sel Some Grade Valid Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1418 5 14.2 14.2 34.6 17.5 19.6 7 4560 52 11.4 12.4 36.5 18.2 21.5 8 4855 32 9.6 12.6 34.6 20.8 22.4 9 9164 78 7.6 12.6 33.7 22.9 23.3 10 10604 93 6.6 13.6 34.8 23.9 21.1 11 9934 81 5.9 14.3 34.5 24.4 20.9 12 8987 44 5.2 15.0 34.9 25.8 19.1 Jr Hs 10833 89 11.0 12.7 35.4 19.2 21.7 Sr Hs 38689 296 6.3 13.9 34.5 24.2 21.1 TOTAL 49522 385 7.4 13.6 34.7 23.1 21.2 2.9 Grade Do You Talk To Parents About Problems N of N of Sel Some Valid Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1413 10 11.7 14.8 32.0 19.5 22.1 7 4551 61 15.3 16.6 30.8 16.8 20.5 8 4844 43 19.2 20.0 30.6 15.9 14.3 9 9164 78 19.0 21.8 31.8 14.8 12.7 10 10579 118 17.6 23.4 31.6 15.9 11.5 11 9901 114 16.4 23.2 33.2 15.8 11.4 12 8967 64 15.1 23.9 33.0 16.1 11.9 Jr Hs 10808 114 16.6 17.9 30.8 16.8 17.9 Sr Hs 38611 374 17.0 23.1 32.4 15.6 11.8 TOTAL 49419 488 16.9 22.0 32.0 15.9 13.2 7 1 05 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 2.10 Do You Talk To Friends About iroblems Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never Sel dom Some time Often Alot 6 1378 45 22.5 20.1 27.7 14.6 15.1 7 4488 124 19.9 16.7 28.5 16.8 18.2 8 4775 112 15.5 16.9 27.7 18.8 21.1 9 9001 241 11.6 14.9 28.0 20.7 24.9 10 10382 315 9.0 14.3 27.9 23.0 25.9 11 9743 272 7.4 12.7 28.9 25.0 25.9 12 8788 243 6.1 12.6 30.0 26.6 24.7 Jr Hs 10641 281 18.2 17.2 28.0 17.4 19.1 Sr Hs 37914 1071 8.5 13.6 28.7 23.8 25.4 TOTAL 48555 1352 10.6 14.4 28.5 22.4 24.0 2.11 Do You Watch Rock Videos N of N of Sel Some Grade Valid Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1410 13 19.4 14.8 20.4 11.8 33.7 7 4543 69 18.1 12.2 19.5 14.4 35.8 8 4838 49 17.2 12.5 18.3 15.5 36.5 9 9141 101 18.4 12.7 18.1 16.2 34.6 10 10574 123 15.4 13.1 20.5 19.1 32.0 11 9894 121 14.8 15.9 22.4 18.9 27.9 12 8946 85 15.2 16.9 24.5 20.6 22.7 Jr Hs 10791 131 17.9 12.7 19.1 14.5 35.9 Sr Hs 38555 430 15.9 14.6 21.3 18.7 29.4 TOTAL 49346 561 16.3 14.2 20.8 17.8 30.8 Grade 2.12 N of Valid Do You Like The Way You Look N of Sel Some Miss Never dom time Often Riot 6 1399 24 7.5 7.4 27.6 16.4 41.1 7 4509 103 6.2 6.2 29.5 15.3 42.7 8 4805 82 5.7 7.0 32.3 17.5 37.6 9 9059 183 5.2 6.7 34.4 20.7 32.9 10 10526 171 4.3 7.1 38.3 22.5 27.8 11 9849 166 3.2 7.0 39.5 25.3 25.0 12 8910 121 2.7 5.5 39.3 27.1 25.4 Jr Hs 10713 209 6.1 6.7 30.5 16.4 40.2 Sr Hs 38344 641 3.9 6.6 37.9 23.9 27.7 TOTAL 49057 850 4.4 6.6 36.3 22.2 30.4 1116 8 "IDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 2.13 Do You Fell You Parents Are Strict With You N of N of Sel Some Grade Valid Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1400 23 13.8 17.9 36.4 13.9 18.0 7 4519 93 13.0 16.4 37.7 15.1 17.8 8 4817 70 11.3 18.2 37.6 15.6 17.3 9 9098 144 10.8 18.7 40.0 15.6 15.0 10 10539 158 10.1 19.5 40.2 16.3 13.8 11 9889 126 9.6 21.7 40.3 16.5 11.9 12 8947 84 12.0 23.6 39.0 14.9 10.6 Jr Hs 10736 186 12.4 17.4 37.5 15.2 17.6 Sr Hs 38473 512 10.6 20.8 39.9 15.9 12.8 TOTAL 49209 698 11.0 20.1 39.4 15.7 13.9 Grade N of Valid 2.14 Do You Feel Lonely N of Sel Some Miss Never dom time Often Alot 6 1408 15 40.6 19.2 26.3 6.6 7.3 7 4535 77 41.9 21.4 24.2 6.6 5.9 8 4839 48 38.6 24.2 25.7 6.1 5.4 9 9130 112 35.2 25.2 27.0 6.8 5.8 10 10557. 140 30.1 28.0 28.9 7.2 5.8 11 9883 132 26.1 29.9 30.6 7.5 5.9 12 8959 72 25.7 31.0 31.0 7.3 4.9 Jr Hs 10782 140 40.2 22.4 25.1 6.4 5.8 Sr Hs 38529 456 29.3 28.5 29.4 7.2 5.6 TOTAL 49311 596 31.7 27.2 28.5 7.0 5.7 1) 7 9 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 3.1 When Did You First Use Cigarettes Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never Under 10 10- 11 12- 13 14- 15 16- 17 18- 19 Over 20 6 1407 15 79.5 8.2 8.2 3.0 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.4 7 4574 39 71.5 10.1 8.6 8.2 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 8 4842 45 62.2 10.3 11.4 13.1 2.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 9 9124 118 56.9 8.6 9.2 16.9 i.5 0.9 0.0 0.1 10 10580 117 52.4 8.3 8.7 16.3 11.7 2.3 0.1 0.1 11 9908 107 49.5 8.1 7.8 14.4 14.4 5.5 0.2 0.2 12 8930 101 47.4 7.3 7.7 12.9 14.2 9.4 1.0 0.1 Jr Hs 10823 99 68.4 9.9 9.8 9.7 1.7 0.1 0.0 0.2 Sr Hs 38542 443 51.6 8.1 8.3 15.2 12.0 4.4 0.3 0.1 TOTAL 49365 542 55.3 8.5 8.7 14.0 9.7 3.5 0.2 0.1 3.2 When Did You First Use Beer Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never Under 10 10- 11 12- 13 14- 15 16- 17 18- 19 Over 20 6 1409 14 74.3 12.6 8.6 3.3 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.3 7 4568 44 61.4 15.4 10.0 10.4 2.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 8 4834 53 54.2 13.4 10.6 15.6 5.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 9 9111 131 44.9 12.7 8.2 18.1 14.4 1.4 0.1 0.2 10 10559 138 37.4 10.7 6.5 17.9 22.6 4.6 0.2 0.2 11 9894 121 31.0 9.0 5,6 15.7 26.3 11.6 0.5 0.2 12 8937 94 26.8 8.6 4.6 13.5 26.2 18.4 1.8 0.1 Jr Hs 10811 111 59.9 14.2 10.1 11.8 3.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 Sr Hs 38501 484 35.1 10.3 6.3 16.4 22.4 8.9 0.6 0.1 TOTAL 49312 595 40.5 11.1 7.1 15.4 18.3 7.0 0.5 0.2 3.3 When Did You First Use Wine Coolers N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1410 13 80.1 5.9 9.1 3.9 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2 7 4558 54 67.2 5.9 10.1 13.9 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 8 4824 63 58.5 4.7 8.4 21.1 6.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 9 9110 132 47.3 3.3 5.4 21.8 20.3 1.7 0.1 0.1 10 10540 157 39.6 2.3 3.7 17.2 30.5 6.4 0.2 0.1 11 9885 130 32.4 2.0 2.3 11.4 33.7 17.6 0.6 0.1 12 8928 103 27.5 1.6 1.4 7.6 29.3 29.8 2.7 0.1 Jr Hs 10792 130 65.0 SA 9.2 15.8 4.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 Sr Hs 38463 522 36.8 2,3 3.2 14.6 28.6 13.6 0.8 0.1 TOTAL 49255 652 43.0 3.0 4.5 14.8 23.2 10.7 0.7 0.1 PRIDE USA - SERC 3.4 When Did You First Use Liquor 13 July 1989 N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1408 15 89.3 4.2 3.7 2.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 7 4555 57 80.8 5.4 5.4 6.7 1.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 8 4814 73 72.1 5.1 5.7 12.5 4.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 9 9089 153 61.2 4.3 4.4 14.9 13.7 1.2 0.0 0.1 10 10509 188 51.9 3.7 3.7 13.2 23.0 4.3 0.1 0.1 11 9853 162 43.5 3.1 2.9 11.0 25.9 13.1 0.4 0.2 12 8897 134 38.7 2.9 2.4 8.9 23.3 22.0 1.6 0.1 Jr Hs 10777 145 78.0 5.1 5.3 8.7 2.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 Sr Hs 38348 637 48.9 3.5 3.4 12.0 21.6 9.9 0.5 0.1 TOTAL 49125 782 55.3 3.9 3.8 11.3 17.4 7.8 0.4 0.1 3.5 When Did You First Use Marijuana N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1405 18 96.7 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 7 4571 41 94.1 0.9 1.5 2.5 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.1 8 4843 44 90.4 1.4 1.5 4.3 2.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 9 9088 154 83.7 1.5 1.4 5.7 6.7 0.8 0.1 0.1 10 10549 148 77.2 1.2 1.8 6.2 11.1 2.4 0.0 0.1 11 9867 148 70.5 1.2 1.6 6.2 13.0 7.2 0.2 0.1 12 8920 111 66.6 1.3 1.2 5.2 12.4 12.2 1.0 0.1 Jr Hs 10819 103 92.8 1.1 1.4 3.1 1.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 Sr Hs 38424 561 74.5 1.3 1.5 5.8 10.8 5.5 0.3 0.1 TOTAL 49243 664 78.6 1.3 1.5 5.2 8.7 4.4 0.2 0.1 3.6 When Did You First Use Cocaine N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1405 18 98.4 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 7 4568 44 98.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 8 4843 44 98.2 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 9 9094 148 97.3 0.3 0.2 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 10 10544 153 96.5 0.3 0.1 0.4 1.7 0.8 0.0 0.1 11 9877 138 94.7 0.3 0.1 0.5 2.1 2.0 0.1 0.1 12 8928 103 93.7 0.4 0.1 0.3 1.4 3.4 0.6 0.1 Jr Hs 1081 Sr Hs 38443 TOTAL 49259 106 542 648 98.3 95.6 96.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 109 0.4 1.6 1.4 0.1 1.6 1.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 PRIDE USA SERC 3.7 When Did You First Use Uppers 13 July 1989 N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1399 24 97.9 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7 4518 94 97.4 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 8 4835 52 96.1 0.4 0.6 1.9 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.1 9 9069 173 93.2 0.5 0.5 2.3 3.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 10 10535 162 90.0 0.3 0.5 2.7 5.3 1.0 0.0 0.1 11 9879 136 87.6 0.5 0.4 2.5 5.6 3.2 0.0 0.1 12 8924 107 87.4 0.4 0.4 1.7 4.9 4.6 0.4 0.1 Jr Hs 10752 170 96.9 0.4 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 Sr Hs 38407 578 89.5 0.5 0.5 2.3 4.8 2.2 0.1 0.1 TOTAL 49159 748 91.1 0.4 0.5 2.1 3.8 1.8 0.1 0.1 3.8 When Did You First Use Downers N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1402 21 97.9 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3 7 4515 97 98.1 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 8 4829 58 97.2 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 9 9054 188 95.7 0.5 0.4 1.5 1.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 10 10524 173 94.2 0.3 0.3 1.8 2.7 0.6 0.0 0.1 11 9868 147 93.2 0.4 0.4 1.6 2.9 1.4 0.1 0.1 12 8920 111 92.7 0.4 0.4 1.1 2.7 2.3 0.3 0.1 Jr Hs 10746 176 97.7 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 Sr Hs 38366 619 94.0 0.4 0.4 1.5 2.5 1.1 0.1 0.1 TOTAL 49112 795 94.8 0.4 0.4 1.4 2.0 0.9 0.1 0.1 3.9 When Did You First Use Inhalants N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1401 22 95.1 2.8 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 7 4544 68 94.2 2.4 1.4 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 8 4831 56 93.5 2.2 1.6 1.9 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 9 9054 188 93.8 1.5 1.2 1.9 1.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 10 10525 172 93.4 1.3 1.0 1.9 1.9 0.4 0.0 0.1 11 9862 153 93.4 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.9 0.9 0.0 0.1 12 8911 120 94.2 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.7 1.0 0.1 0.1 Jr Hs 10776 146 94.0 2.4 1.4 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 Sr Hs 38352 633 93.7 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.7 0.6 0.1 0.1 TOTAL 49128 779 93.7 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.1 110 ?RIDE USA - SERC 13 July 3.10 When Did You First Use Hallucinogens 1989 N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1396 27 97.9 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 7 4540 72 98.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 8 4823 64 98.4 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 9 9048 194 97.5 0.3 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 10 10523 174 96.3 0.2 0.1 0.7 1.9 0.7 0.0 0.0 11 9861 154 95.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.8 1.5 0.0 0.1 12 8899 132 94.7 0.3 0.1 0.3 1.6 2.5 0.4 0.1 Jr Hs 10759 163 98.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 Sr Hs 38331 654 96.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.6 1.2 0.1 0.1 TOTAL 49090 817 96.6 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.3 1.0 0.1 0.1 3.11 When Did You First Use Other Drugs N of N of Under 10- 12- 14- 16- 18- Over Grade Valid Miss Never 10 11 13 15 17 19 20 6 1401 22 96.5 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 7 4552 60 94.0 2.5 0.7 2.1 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 8 4816 71 93.4 2.0 0.9 2.2 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 9 9038 204 93.8 1.1 0.6 1.6 2.4 0.3 0.0 0.1 10 10480 217 92.6 1.0 0.5 1.8 3.2 0.9 0.0 0.1 11 9823 192 91.8 1.3 0.5 1.2 3.0 2.0 0.1 0.1 12 8856 175 93.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 1.9 2.3 0.3 0.1 Jr Hs 10769 153 94.1 2.2 0.8 1.9 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.2 Sr Hs 38197 788 92.7 1.1 0.5 1.4 2.7 1.4 0.1 0.1 TOTAL 48966 941 93.0 1.3 0.6 1.5 2.3 1.1 0.1 0.1 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid 4.1 How Often Have N of Miss Never 1/yr You Used Cigarettes 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1404 19 84.8 6.1 1.5 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.6 2.5 7 4558 54 77.9 7.7 2.9 1.8 1.4 2.0 2.4 3.9 8 4827 60 70.1 9.5 3.6 2.3 2.1 2.7 3.2 6.7 9 9077 165 66.4 8.0 4.0 2.6 2.0 2.5 3.8 10.7 10 10511 186 64.2 7.7 4.1 2.5 2.2 2.8 3.7 12.7 11 9867 148 61.7 8.2 4.2 2.6 2.3 2.9 3.2 14.9 12 8935 96 61.8 7.6 4.7 2.6 2.2 2.6 3.4 15.3 Jr Hs 10789 133 75.3 8.3 3.0 1.9 1.6 2.2 2.7 5.0 Sr Hs 38390 595 63.5 7.9 4.3 2.6 2.2 2.7 3.5 13.4 TOTAL 49179 728 66.1 8.0 4.0 2.4 2.1 2.6 3.3 11.5 4.2 How Often Have You Used Beer Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo l/wk 3/wk Daily 6 1408 15 80.1 9.9 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.6 7 4550 62 68.7 14.4 4.7 3.6 2.5 3.3 2.2 0.7 8 4823 64 60.7 14.5 6.8 5.1 4.5 4.7 2.8 0.8 9 9082 160 52.4 13.8 8.1 6.6 6.6 7.9 3.5 1.2 10 10535 162 45.3 14.0 8.9 7.4 8.3 10.5 4.6 1.1 11 9900 115 40.0 12.9 10.0 8.2 9.1 13.0 5.7 1.2 12 8955 76 36.6 12.9 10.1 8.0 9.6 14.0 7.4 1.4 Jr Hs 10781 141 66.6 13.9 5.3 4.1 3.2 3.7 2.3 0.9 Sr Hs 38472 513 43.6 13.4 9.2 7.5 8.4 11.3 5.3 1.2 TOTAL 49253 654 48.6 13.5 8.4 6.8 7.3 9.7 4.6 1.1 4.3 How Often Have You Used Wine Coolers Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never 1/yr 6/yr 1 /mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1406 17 83.2 8.9 2.2 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.4 1.7 7 4535 77 71.3 14.3 4.6 3.2 2.4 2.2 1.6 0.6 8 4817 70 62.9 15.5 6.5 5.0 4.0 3.3 2.1 0.8 9 9047 195 52.8 16.2 8.0 7.3 6.2 6.3 2.4 0.8 10 10516 181 46.1 16.7 10.1 8.1 8.2 7.6 2.5 0.7 11 9859 156 40.4 16.8 11.9 10.0 9.5 8.0 2.7 0.7 12 8923 108 36.9 17.3 12.7 10.3 10.8 8.6 2.5 0.7 Jr HS 10758 164 69.1 14.1 5.1 3.7 2.9 2.6 1.7 0.8 Sr Hs 38345 640 44.1 16.8 10.7 8.9 8.7 7.7 2.5 0.7 TOTAL 49103 804 49.6 16.2 9.4 7.8 7.4 6.5 2.3 0.7 1 i 2 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid 4.4 N of Miss How Often Have You Used Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo Liquor 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1405 18 91.4 3.8 1.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 1.4 7 4540 72 83.6 7.7 2.4 1.9 1.5 1.6 0.7 0.5 8 4813 74 75.5 9.8 3.7 3.4 2.7 2.9 1.5 0.5 9 9041 201 65.6 11.6 5.6 5.4 4.6 4.5 1.7 0.9 10 10517 180 57.4 12.6 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.2 2.3 0.9 11 9852 163 51.2 14.2 8.7 8.5 7.3 7.0 2.4 0.7 12 8911 120 47.4 14.4 10.1 9.3 8.6 7.0 2.3 0.9 Jr Hs 10758 164 81.0 8.1 2.9 2.4 1.9 2.1 1.0 0.6 Sr Hs 38321 664 55.4 13.2 7.8 7.5 6.8 6.2 2.2 0.8 TOTAL 49079 828 61.0 12.1 6.7 6.4 5.8 5.3 1.9 0.8 4.5 How Often Have You Used Marijuana Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1403 20 97.2 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 1.0 7 4552 60 94.7 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.,5 0.8 8 4822 65 91.7 2.3 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.8 9 9050 192 86.2 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.4 10 10512 185 81.2 5.3 2.5 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.0 11 9872 143 76.9 6.6 3.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.3 12 8922 109 74.6 7.3 4.3 2.6 2.9 2.5 3.5 2.4 Jr Hs 10777 145 93.7 1.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.8 Sr Hs 38356 629 79.7 5.7 3.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.0 TOTAL 491:13 774 82.8 4.8 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.2 1.7 Grade N of Valid 4.6 N of Miss How Often Have You Used Cocaine Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1406 17 98.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.8 7 4544 68 98.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 8 4822 65 98.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 9 9034 208 97.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 10 10511 186 96.7 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 11 9855 160 95.6 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 12 8925 106 95.0 1.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 Jr Hs 10772 150 98.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 Sr Hs 38325 660 96.2 1.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 TOTAL 49097 810 96.7 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid 4.7 N of Miss How Often Have You Used Uppers Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1397 26 98.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 7 4498 114 97.4 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.5 8 4807 80 96.4 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 9 9018 224 93.9 1.7 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 10 10504 193 91.6 2.3 1.6 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 11 9857 158 90.7 2.8 1.8 1.4 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.7 12 8918 113 90.9 2.5 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 Jr Hs 10702 220 97.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 Sr Hs 38297 688 91.8 2.3 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 TOTAL 48999 908 92.9 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 4.8 How Often Have You Used Downers N of N of Grade Valid Miss Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1394 29 98.1 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.8 7 4487 125 98.1 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.4 8 4813 74 97.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 9 9015 227 96.1 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 10 10486 211 95.1 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 11 9833 182 94.5 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.5 12 8911 120 94.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 Jr Hs 10694 228 97.8 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.4 Sr Hs 38245 740 95.1 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 TOTAL 48939 968 95.7 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 Grade N of Valid 4.9 How Often Have N of Miss Never 1/yr You Used Inhalants 6/yr 1 /mo 2/mo l/wk 3/wk Daily 6 1395 28 96.2 1.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.8 7 4521 91 95.2 1.9 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 8 4806 81 95.1 2.0 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 9 9007 235 95.3 1.8 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 10 10477 220 95.2 1.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 11 9839 176 95.8 2.0 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 12 8899 132 96.8 1.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 Jr Hs 10722 200 95.3 1.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 Sr Hs 38222 763 95.8 1.8 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 TOTAL 48944 963 95.7 1.8 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 1 1 4 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 4.10 How Often Have You Used Hallucinogens Grade N of Valid N of Miss Never 1/yr 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1385 38 98.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 7 4517 95 98.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 8 4811 76 98.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 9 8998 244 97.8 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 10 10472 225 96.7 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 11 9841 174 96.3 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 12 8894 137 95.7 1.6 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 Jr Hs 10713 209 98.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 Sr Hs 38205 780 96.6 1.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 TOTAL 48918 989 97.0 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 Grade N of Valid 4.11 How Often Have N of Miss Never 1/yr You Used Other Drugs 6/yr 1/mo 2/mo 1 /wk 3/wk Daily 6 1385 38 97.1 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.9 7 4509 103 94.5 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 8 4795 92 94.3 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.1 9 8981 261 94.4 1.3 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.9 10 10441 256 93.5 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.0 11 9803 212 93.4 1.6 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.3 12 8871 160 94.4 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 Jr Hs 10689 233 94.8 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 1.1 Sr Hs 38096 889 93.9 1.4 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.1 TOTAL 48785 1122 94.1 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.1 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 5.1 Effect When You Use Beer N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Grade Valid Miss Use High High High Stand 6 1408 15 78.5 15.1 3.8 1.0 1.6 7 4522 90 67.2 21.6 8.3 1.5 1.4 8 4818 69 59.5 23.0 12.4 2.7 2.4 9 9031 211 51.3 21.0 19.2 4.8 3.7 10 10466 231 44.3 18.8 25.0 7.1 4.8 11 9831 184 39.1 16.7 29.0 9.6 5.5 12 8920 111 36.1 16.3 31.2 11.0 5.5 Jr Hs 10748 174 65.2 21.4 9.5 2.0 1.9 Sr Hs 38248 737 42.7 18.2 26.1 8.1 4.9 TOTAL 48996 911 47.6 18.9 22.5 6.8 4.2 5.2 Effect When You Use Wine Coolers N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Grade Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1400 23 81.3 13.8 2.9 0.6 1.4 7 4511 101 70.4 22.6 5.6 0.8 0.6 8 4811 76 61.2 27.8 8.8 1.2 0.9 9 9003 239 51.2 30.3 14.9 2.3 1.3 10 10440 257 44.5 30.4 19.9 3.3 1.8 11 9813 202 39.0 29.2 25.0 4.7 2.1 12 8908 123 35.7 28.7 28.3 5.2 2.1 Jr Hs 10722 200 67.7 23.8 6.7 1.0 0.9 Sr Hs 38164 821 42.6 29.7 22.0 3.9 1.8 TOTAL 48886 1021 48.1 28.4 18.6 3.2 1.6 5.3 Effect When You Use Liquor N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Grade Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1401 22 89.9 4.3 2.4 1.6 1.9 7 4507 105 82.0 7.6 5.8 2.5 2.1 8 4805 82 74.6 8.9 7.7 5.0 3.8 9 8975 267 64.5 8.6 11.7 8.8 6.4 10 10431 266 55.9 7.9 13.9 12.5 9.8 11 9792 223 49.6 6.9 15.5 15.6 12.4 12 8888 143 45.2 7.3 16.6 17.8 13.1 Jr Hs 10713 209 79.7 7.8 6.2 3.5 2.8 Sr Hs 38086 699 53.8 7.7 14.4 13.7 10.4 TOTAL 48799 1108 59.5 7.7 12.6 11.4 8.8 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 5.4 Effect When You Use Marijuana N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1392 31 96.4 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.4 7 4510 102 94.3 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.7 8 4816 71 91.0 1.0 2.2 2.4 3.4 9 8963 279 84.9 1.4 3.8 4.3 5.5 10 10427 270 79.2 1.8 5.2 6.7 7.1 11 9798 217 74.6 2.3 6.8 7.8 8.5 12 8881 150 72.3 2.5 7.8 8.3 9.0 Jr Hs 10718 204 93.1 0.9 1.7 1.9 2.4 Sr Hs 38069 916 77.8 2.0 5.9 6.8 7.5 TOTAL 48787 1120 81.1 1.8 5.0 5.7 6.4 5.5 Effect When You Use Cocaine N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Grade Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Jr Hs Sr Hs TOTAL 1395 4508 4818 8957 10404 9788 8876 10721 38025 48746 28 104 69 285 293 227 155 201 960 1161 97.9 98.0 98.0 97.1 96.1 95.1 94.4 98.0 95.7 96.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.4 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.7 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.1 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.6 5.6 Effect When You Use Uppers N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Grade Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1390 33 98.0 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.0 7 4464 148 97.3 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.4 8 4801 86 96.2 0.7 1.3 1.1 0.7 9 8942 300 93.3 1.1 3.0 1.7 0.8 10 10396 301 90.7 1.8 4.5 2.2 0.7 11 9781 234 89.6 2.3 5.3 2.0 0.8 12 8871 160 89.9 2.4 5.0 1.9 0.8 Jr Hs 10655 267 96.9 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.6 Sr Hs 37990 995 90.9 1.9 4.5 2.0 0.8 TOTAL 48645 1262 92.2 1.6 3.7 1.7 0.7 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 5.7 N of Valid Effect When You Use Downers N of Dont No Littl Miss Use High High Very Bombd High Stond 6 1387 36 97.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.9 7 4457 155 97.8 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.3 8 4797 90 97.2 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.6 9 8932 310 95.8 1.3 1.6 0.6 0.7 10 10399 298 94.3 2.0 2.2 0.9 0.7 11 9775 240 94.1 1.8 2.5 0.8 0.8 12 8869 162 93.8 1.8 2.5 0.9 1.0 Jr Hs 10641 281 97.5 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.5 Sr Hs 37975 1010 94.5 1.7 2.2 0.8 0.8 TOTAL 48616 1291 95.1 1.6 1.9 0.7 0.7 Grade 5.8 Effect When You Use Inhalants N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1385 38 95.2 1.8 1.6 0.5 0.9 7 4481 131 94.7 2.1 1.9 0.6 0.7 8 4800 87 94.4 1.8 2.5 0.8 0.6 9 8926 316 94.7 1.5 2.2 0.8 0.8 10 10381 316 94.4 1.5 2.4 1.0 0.8 11 9767 248 94.7 1.4 2.4 0.8 0.7 12 8862 169 95.9 0.9 1.7 0.7 0.8 Jr Hs 10666 256 94.6 1.9 2.1 0.7 0.7 Sr Hs 37936 1049 94.9 1.3 2.2 0.8 0.8 TOTAL 48602 1305 94.8 1.5 2.2 0.8 0.7 Grade 5.9 Effect When You Use Hallucinogens N of N of Dont No Littl Very Bombd Valid Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1384 39 97.9 0.1 0.4 0.6 1.0 7 4480 132 98.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 8 4788 99 98.3 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.9 9 8928 314 97.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.5 10 10380 317 96.1 0.3 0.4 1.0 2.1 11 9778 237 95.7 0.3 0.4 1.0 2.5 12 8861 170 95.2 0.3 0.3 1.4 2.8 Jr Hs 10652 270 98.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.8 Sr Hs 37947 1038 96.1 0.3 0.4 1.0 2.2 TOTAL 48599 1308 96.6 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.9 lis PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 5.10 N of Valid Effect When You Use Other Drugs N of Dont No Litti Very Bombd Miss Use High High High Stond 6 1385 38 96.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 1.4 7 4477 135 94.3 3.1 1.4 0.5 0.7 8 4783 104 94.5 2.0 1.6 0.8 1.1 9 8907 335 94.2 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.4 10 10343 354 93.3 1.4 2.2 1.5 1.6 11 9734 281 93.5 1.4 2.3 1.5 1.3 12 8841 190 94.4 1.2 2.0 1.1 1.3 Jr Hs 10645 277 94.7 2.3 1.4 0.6 1.0 Sr Hs 3'825 1160 93.8 1.4 2.0 1.3 1.4 TOTAL 48470 1437 94.0 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.3 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 6.1 Where Do You Most Often Use Cigarettes Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Use Home Schl Frnds Car House Other 6 1423 0 82.9 7.8 1.2 2.5 5.9 6.8 7 4612 0 74.4 11.3 2.9 4.0 9.8 10.1 8 4887 0 69.2 15.3 5.6 8.0 13.8 14.8 9 9242 0 65.6 15.7 8.9 12.4 15.9 15.6 10 10697 0 64.0 17.0 11.3 17.0 17.3 17.3 11 10015 0 63.2 17.5 11.7 21.9 18.3 18.1 12 9031 0 63.3 16.2 10.9 22.8 18.1 18.3 Jr Hs 10922 0 73.2 12.6 3.9 5.6 11.0 11.8 Sr Hs 38985 0 64.0 16.6 10.7 18.5 17.4 17.3 TOTAL 49907 0 66.0 15.7 9.2 15.7 16.0 16.1 Grade 6.2 N of Valid Where Do You Most Often Use Beer N of Dont Frnds Miss Use Home Schl Car House Other 6 1423 0 78.2 12.2 1.1 1.7 5.1 6.5 7 4612 0 65.5 18.8 0.7 3.5 8.0 10.1 8 4887 0 59.8 19.5 1.0 6.9 15.0 14.4 9 9242 0 51.0 17.6 1.3 11.3 21.7 20.8 10 10697 0 44.2 16.2 1.6 16.8 28.5 27.4 11 10015 0 39.8 17.3 2.3 20.8 31.6 32.7 12 9031 0 36.9 18.2 2.1 23.6 35.2 34.7 Jr Hs 10922 0 64.6 18.2 0.9 4.8 10.7 11.6 Sr Hs 38985 0 43.0 17.3 1.8 18.1 29.2 28.9 TOTAL 49907 0 47.7 17.5 1.6 15.2 25.2 25.1 Grade 6.3 Where N of Valid Do You Most Often Use Wine Coolers N of Dont Frnds Miss Use Home Schl Car House Other 6 1423 0 80.5 10.4 1.0 1.4 4.1 4.7 7 4612 0 68.5 16.9 0.6 2.8 7.2 8.6 8 4887 0 61.5 18.6 0.9 6.0 12.9 13.4 9 9242 0 51.0 18.8 1.4 9.8 19.7 18.8 10 10697 0 44.8 17.9 1.2 14.4 25.5 24.4 11 10015 0 40.1 17.6 1.6 17.9 28.6 30.1 12 9031 0 37.5 18.3 1.6 20.4 32.1 30.9 Jr Hs 10922 0 66.9 16.8 0.8 4.0 9.4 10.3 Sr Hs 38985 0 43.4 18.2 1.4 15.6 26.4 26.1 TOTAL 49907 0 48.5 17.9 1.3 13.1 22.7 22.6 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 6.4 Where Do You Most Often Use Liquor Gra N of Valid ti of Miss Dont Use Home Schl Frnds Car House Other 6 1423 0 89.2 3.9 1.0 0.9 2.2 3.5 7 4612 0 80.6 8.6 0.5 1.9 5.1 5.2 8 4887 0 74.0 10.3 1.0 4.7 10.4 10.1 9 9242 0 63.2 11.2 1.5 7.4 15.9 15.6 10 10697 0 55.7 11.8 1.7 11.5 21.9 21.5 11 10015 0 50.5 12.1 2.2 14.6 25.5 26.7 12 9031 0 46.8 13.1 2.0 16.4 28.9 28.9 Jr Hs 10922 0 78.8 8.8 0.8 3.0 7.1 7.2 Sr Hs 38985 0 54.1 12.0 1.9 12.4 23.0 23.2 TOTAL 49907 0 59.5 11.3 1.6 10.4 19.5 19.7 6.5 Where Do You Most Often Use Marijuana Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Use Home Schl Frnds Car House Other 6 1423 0 94.4 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.2 7 4612 0 91.1 1.3 0.6 1.1 2.0 2.6 8 4887 0 89.4 2.3 1.0 2.9 4.5 4.6 9 9242 0 82.1 3.4 1.9 5.1 7.0 7.6 10 10697 0 78.0 3.9 2.6 8.3 9.6 10.9 11 10015 0 74.7 4.7 3.3 10.7 11.9 13.6 12 9031 0 73.4 5.1 3.3 12.3 13.2 14.8 Jr Hs 10922 0 90.8 1.7 0.8 1.8" 3.0 3.3 Sr Hs 38985 0 77.1 4.3 2.8 9.1 10.4 11.7 TOTAL 49907 0 80.1 3.7 2.4 7.5 8.8 9.9 Grade 6.6 Where Do You Most Often Use Cocaine N of N of Dont Frnds Valid Miss Use Home Schl Car House Other 6 1423 0 95.2 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 7 4612 0 94.9 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 8 4887 0 95.7 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 9 9242 0 92.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.2 10 10697 0 92.6 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.5 11 10015 0 92.4 1.1 0.9 1.4 2.4 2.2 12 9031 0 92.3 1.2 0.8 1.6 2.6 2.5 Jr Hs 10922 0 95.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 Sr Hs 38985 0 92.5 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.9 1.8 TOTAL 49907 0 93.1 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.6 1.6 - 23 - 121 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 6.7 Where Do You Most Often Use Uppers N of N of Dont Frnds Grade Valid Miss Use Home Schl Car House Other 6 1423 0 94.4 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 7 4612 0 92.8 0:8 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.8 8 4887 0 93.9 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.5 1.5 9 9242 0 89.0 2.4 2.5 1.4 2.4 2.5 10 10697 0 87.8 3.2 3.5 1.9 3.0 3.4 11 10015 0 87.6 3.4 4.5 2.3 3.4 4.0 12 9031 0 88.2 3.5 4.1 2.4 3.0 4.0 Jr Hs 10922 0 93.5 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.1 Sr Hs 38985 0 88.1 3.1 3.7 2.0 3.0 3.5 TOTAL 49907 0 89.3 2.7 3.1 1.7 2.5 2.9 Grade 6.8 Where Do You Most Often Use Downers N of N of Dont Frnds Valid Miss Use Home Schl Car House Other 6 1423 0 94.7 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.7 7 4612 0 93.4 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 8 4887 0 94.V 1.0 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.2 9 9242 0 91.1 1.6 1.2 0.8 1.4 1.5 10 10697 0 90.6 2.0 1.8 1.3 2.0 2.1 11 10015 0 91.2 2.4 2.1 1.6 2.1 2.5 12 9031 0 91.6 2.6 1.8 1.5 2.0 2.4 Jr Hs 10922 0 94.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.9 Sr Hs 38985 0 91.1 2.1 1.7 1.3 1.9 2.1 TOTAL 49907 0 91.8 1.9 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.8 Grade 6.9 Where Do You Most Often Use N of N of Dont Valid Miss Use Home Schl Inhalants Frnds Car House Other 6 1423 0 92.6 2.0 1.9 0.7 1.1 1.0 7 4612 0 91.1 2.4 1.9 0.5 1.1 1.2 8 4887 0 92.1 2.8 1.9 0.6 1.5 1.4 9 9242 0 90.1 2.4 1.7 0.8 1.4 1.5 10 10697 0 90.9 2.3 1.5 0.9 1.5 1.5 11 10015 0 92.2 1.8 1.5 0.8 1.4 1.6 12 9031 0 93.5 1.4 1.3 0.7 1.2 1.2 Jr Hs 10922 0 91.7 2.5 1.9 0.5 1.3 1.3 Sr Hs 38985 0 91.6 2.0 1.5 0.8 1.4 1.5 TOTAL 49907 0 91.7 2.1 1.6 0.7 1.4 1.4 1 2 2 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 6.10 Where Do You Most Often Use Hallucinogens Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Use Home Schl Frnds Car House Other 6 1423 0 94.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 7 4612 0 94.1 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 8 4887 0 95.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.8 9 9242 0 92.2 0.9 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.2 10 10697 0 92.0 0.9 0.7 1.1 1.6 1.9 11 10015 0 92.7 1.1 0.9 1.2- 1.9 2.3 12 9031 0 92.6 1.3 0.9 1.4 2.2 2.5 Jr Hs 10922 0 94.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 Sr Hs 38985 0 92.3 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.7 2.0 TOTAL 49907 0 92.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.7 6.11 Where Do You Most Often Use Other Drugs Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Use Home Schl Car Frnds House Other 6 1423 0 93.0 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.1 7 4612 0 90.0 3.6 0.9 1.0 1.4 2.0 8 4887 0 91.5 2.9 1.5 1.3 2.2 2.6 9 9242 0 89.0 2.4 1.5 1.5 2.3 2.9 10 10697 0 88.9 2.7 1.8 2.0 2.7 3.6 11 10015 0 89.7 2.8 1.8 2.2 3.0 3.8 12 9031 0 91.2 2.4 1.6 1.9 2.5 3.1 Jr Hs 10922 0 91.1 3.0 1.2 1.1 1.7 2.1 Sr Hs 38985 0 89.7 2.6 1.7 1.9 2.6 3.4 TOTAL 49907 0 90.0 2.7 1.6 1.7 2.4 3.1 PRIDE USA SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 7.1 N of Valid When Do You Use Cigarettes N of Dont Befor Durng After Miss Use Schl Schl Schl Week Night Week End 6 1423 0 83.7 2.2 1.3 4.5 3.4 9.2 7 4612 0 75.4 3.5 2.3 7.4 5.9 14.5 8 4887 0 70.9 7.3 4.5 11.6 9.4 19.' 9 9242 0 66.4 9.9 7.9 14.3 11.8 21.3 10 10697 0 65.2 12.2 10.0 16.3 14.3 24.0 11 10015 0 64.5 14.3 10.6 18.2 16.6 26.2 12 9031 0 64.7 14.6 10.0 18.1 17.1 27.0 Jr Hs 10922 0 74.5 5.0 3.1 8.9 7.1 16.2 Sr Hs 38985 0 65.2 12.8 9.7 16.7 15.0 24.6 TOTAL 49907 0 67.2 11.1 8.2 15.0 13.3 22.8 7.2 When Do You Use Beer N of N of Dont Befor Durng After Week Week Grade Valid Miss Use Schl Schl Schl Night End 6 1423 0 80.5 1.5 0.6 2.5 3.6 13.6 7 4612 0 68.9 1.1 0.7 4.3 5.2 20.7 8 4887 0 62.2 1.3 0.6 4.5 7.5 30.1 9 9242 0 52.8 1.6 1.0 5.7 8.1 37.5 10 10697 0 46.2 2.0 1.1 6.1 10.1 45.1 11 10015 0 41.8 2.5 1.3 6.8 11.3 51.5 12 9031 0 39.0 2.8 1.6 7.9 13.6 54.8 Jr Hs 10922 0 67.4 1.2 0.6 4.2 6.0 24.0 Sr Hs 38985 0 44.9 2.2 1.3 6.6 10.7 47.2 TOTAL 49907 0 49.9 2.0 1.1 6.1 9.7 42.1 Grade 7.3 N of Valid When Do You Use Wine Coolers N of Dont Befor Durng After Week Miss Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 82.0 1.1 0.7 2.7 2.6 11.0 7 4612 0 70.5 0.9 0.6 3.5 5.3 19.3 8 4887 0 63.9 1.1 0.7 4.2 7.1 27.4 9 9242 0 52.5 1.1 0.9 4.6 7.9 36.7 10 10697 0 46.4 1.4 0.8 5.1 8.7 44.2 11 10015 0 42.2 1.6 1.1 4.8 9.4 50.0 12 9031 0 39.6 1.6 1.1 5.3 10.2 53.5 Jr Hs 10922 0 69.1 1.0 C.6 3.7 5.7 21.8 Sr Hs 38985 0 45.2 1.4 1.0 4.9 9.0 46.1 TOTAL 49907 0 50.4 1.3 0.9 4.7 8.3 40.8 PRIDE USA - SERC 7.4 When Do You Use Liquor 13 July 1989 Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Befor Durng After Week Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 88.7 0.9 0.6 1.4 1.4 5.8 7 4612 0 80.9 0.8 0.6 2.5 3.0 10.7 8 4887 0 74.2 1.1 0.6 2.6 4.5 19.4 9 9242 0 64.0 1.3 1.0 3.5 5.4 26.9 10 10697 0 56.7 1.6 1.1 4.5 6.6 35.2 11 10015 0 51.8 1.9 1.4 4.7 7.6 41.4 12 9031 0 48.2 1.7 1.4 4.8 8.7 45.7 Jr Hs 10922 0 78.9 0.9 0.6 2.4 3.5 14.0 Sr Hs 38985 0 55.2 1.6 1.2 4.4 7.1 37.2 TOTAL 49907 0 60.4 1.5 1.1 4.0 6.3 32.1 Grade 7.5 N of Valid When Do You Use Marijuana N of Dont Befor Durng After Week Miss Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 94.5 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.0 7 4612 0 90.2 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.2 3.4 8 4887 0 88.9 1.2 0.7 2.0 2.3 6.1 9 9242 0 81.8 2.3 1.4 3.4 3.7 10.1 10 10697 0 78.3 3.1 2.2 4.5 5.6 14.4 11 10015 0 75.5 4.1 2.6 5.9 7.1 18.2 12 9031 0 74.5 4.4 2.7 6.2 8.1 19.8 Jr Hs 10922 0 90.2 0.9 0.6 1.5 1.6 4.3 Sr Hs 38985 0 77.5 3.5 2.3 5.0 6.1 15.6 TOTAL 49907 0 80.3 2.9 1.9 4.2 5.1 13.1 Grade N of Valid 7.6 When Do You Use Cocaine N of Dont Befor Durng After Week Miss Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 94.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 7 4612 0 93.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 8 4887 0 94.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.0 9 9242 0 91.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.5 10 10697 0 91.9 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 2.2 11 10015 0 91.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 3.0 12 9031 0 91.9 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.4 3.4 Jr Hs 10922 0 94.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 Sr Hs 38985 0 91.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 2.5 TOTAL 49907 0 92.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 C.9 2.1 1 2 5 - 27 - PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 7.7 When Do You Use Uppers Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Befor Durng After Week Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 94.2 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 7 4612 0 91.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.1 8 4887 0 93.0 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.0 2.2 9 9242 0 87.9 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.8 3.3 10 10697 0 87.3 2.4 2.9 1.9 2.2 4.4 11 10015 0 87.3 2.9 3.6 2.3 2.4 4.9 12 9031 0 88.0 3.0 3.5 2.1 2.6 4.4 Jr Hs 10922 0 92.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.5 Sr Hs 38985 0 87.6 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.2 4.3 TOTAL 49907 0 88.7 2.1 2.5 1.7 1.9 3.7 Grade N of Valid 7.8 When Do You Use N of Dont Befor Miss Use Schl Downers Durng After Week Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 94.0 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.7 7 4612 0 92.0 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 8 4887 0 93.7 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.5 9 9242 0 89.8 0.8 1.2 1.1 1.4 2.0 10 10697 0 89.9 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.6 2.7 11 10015 0 90.6 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.8 3.0 12 9031 0 90.9 1.2 1.7 1.6 1.9 3.0 Jr Hs 10922 0 93.0 0.5 0.5 0..7 0.6 1.0 Sr Hs 38985 0 90.3 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.7 2.7 TOTAL 49907 0 90.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 2.3 Grade 7.9 N of Valid When Do You Use N of Dont Befor Miss Use Schl Inhalants Durng After Week Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 92.1 0.8 1.4 1.3 0.8 1.6 7 4612 0 90.0 0.6 1.9 1.2 1.1 1.6 8 4887 0 91.6 0.6 1.6 1.2 1.3 2.3 9 9242 0 89.3 0.7 1.4 1.3 1.3 2.0 10 10697 0 90.4 0.6 1.3 1.2 1.3 2.2 11 10015 0 91.7 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.2 2.0 12 9031 0 92.9 0.6 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.6 Jr Hs 10922 0 91.0 0.6 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.9 Sr Hs 38985 0 91.1 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.2 2.0 TOTAL 49907 0 91.0 0.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 2.0 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 7.10 When Do You Use Hallucinogens Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Befor Durng After Week Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 93.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 7 4612 0 92.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 8 4887 0 94.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 9 9242 0 90.9 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.4 10 10697 0 91.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 2.3 11 10015 0 91.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 2.9 12 9031 0 92.0 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.9 3.1 Jr Hs 10922 0 93.7 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.7 Sr Hs 38985 0 91.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 2.4 TOTAL 49907 0 91.9 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.0 7.11 When Do You Use Other Drugs Grade N of Valid N of Miss Dont Befor Durng After Week Use Schl Schl Schl Night Week End 6 1423 0 93.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 7 4612 0 92.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 8 4887 0 94.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 9 9242 0 90.9 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.4 10 10697 0 91.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 2.3 11 10015 0 91.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 2.9 12 9031 0 92.0 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.9 3.1 Jr Hs 10922 0 93.7 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.7 S. Hs 38985 0 91.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 2.4 TOTAL 49907 0 91.9 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.0 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 8.1 How Many Of Your Friends Use Cigarettes N of N of A Sev Grade Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1385 38 58.9 30.6 5.6 4.8 7 4438 174 51.1 33.0 8.7 7.2 8 4771 116 39.3 37.8 13.0 9.9 9 8886 356 29.9 39.4 16.9 13.8 10 10353 344 23.9 40.0 20.8 15.3 11 9739 276 22.1 40.1 20.9 16.9 12 8847 184 20.2 40.7 22.5 16.6 Jr Hs 10594 328 46.8 34.9 10.2 8.1 Sr Hs 37825 1160 24.0 40.0 20.3 15.7 TOTAL 48419 1488 29.0 38.9 18.1 14.0 8.2 How Many Of Your Friends Use Beer Grade N of Valid N of Miss None A Few Sev eral Most 6 1383 40 65.1 25.7 4.8 4.3 7 4431 181 51.0 32.3 10.3 6.5 8 4767 120 37.2 35.5 16.3 11.0 9 8880 362 24.7 34.8 21.5 19.0 10 10359 338 16.2 31.4 26.5 25.8 11 9733 282 12.4 29.0 27.1 31.5 12 8847 184 9.6 26.3 27.9 36.2 Jr Hs 10581 341 46.6 32.9 12.3 8.2 Sr Hs 37819 1166 15.7 30.4 25.8 28.1 TOTAL 48400 1507 22.4 31.0 22.9 23.8 8.3 How Many Of Your Friends Use Wine Coolers Grade N of Valid N of Miss None A Few Sev eral Most 6 1381 42 73.9 18.1 4.0 4.0 ar 7 4417 195 55.9 28.8 9.3 6.0 8 4752 135 41.9 33.9 13.6 10.5 9 8839 403 27.9 34.0 20.2 17.9 10 10322 375 18.8 33.6 24.2 23.4 11 9703 312 14.4 33.0 26.1 26.5 12 8810 221 11.8 31.2 27.7 29.4 Jr Hs 10550 372 52.0 29.7 10.6 7.8 Sr Hs 37674 1311 18.2 33.0 24.6 24.3 TOTAL 48224 1683 25.6 32.2 21.5 20.7 - 30 - PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 8.4 How Many Of Your Friends Use Liquor N of N of A Sev Grade Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1380 43 81.4 12.5 2.4 3.7 7 4410 202 69.2 19.3 6.6 4.9 8 4744 143 55.7 24.6 10.7 9.0 9 8820 422 41.5 28.0 16.0 14.5 10 10304 393 29.9 29.7 20.8 19.6 11 9665 350 24.5 29.4 23.2 23.0 12 8801 230 20.2 29.7 25.0 25.1 Jr Hs 10534 388 64.7 20.8 7.9 6.6 Sr Hs 37590 1395 29.0 29.2 21.3 20.6 TOTAL 48124 1783 36.8 27.4 18.3 17.5 8.5 How Many Of Your Friends Use Marijuana N of N of A Sev Grade valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1379 44 90.6 5.9 1.0 2.5 7 4409 203 83.7 10.4 2.8 3.1 8 4742 145 75.3 15.7 4.5 4.4 9 8800 442 62.2 23.4 7.5 6.9 10 10284 413 52.0 28.6 10.6 8.8 11 9665 350 44.0 32.6 12.3 11.1 12 8774 257 40.2 34.4 14.4 11.0 Jr Hs 10530 392 80.8 12.2 3.4 3.6 Sr Hs 37523 1462 49.6 29.8 11.2 9.5 TOTAL 48053 1854 56.4 25.9 9.5 8.2 8.6 How Many Of Your Friends Use Cocaine N of N of A Sev Grade Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1375 48 94.5 3.3 0.4 1.7 7 4398 214 92.7 4.5 1.4 1.3 8 4737 150 89.5 7.3 1.6 1.6 9 8767 475 86.5 10.0 1.7 1.8 10 10244 453 84.3 12.0 2.1 1.7 11 9631 384 81.4 14.4 2.4 1.8 12 8755 276 80.1 15.6 2.4 1.9 Jr Hs 10510 412 91.5 5.6 1.4 1.5 Sr Hs 37397 1588 83.1 13.0 2.1 1.8 TOTAL 47907 2000 84.9 11.4 2.0 1.7 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 8.7 Grade How Many Of Your Friends Use Uppers N of N of A Sev Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1369 54 94.0 4.1 0.4 1.5 7 4351 261 92.4 4.3 2.0 1.3 8 4724 163 88.4 7.7 2.0 1.8 9 8753 489 82.8 11.8 3.2 2.3 10 10247 450 78.6 14.8 4.0 2.6 11 9626 389 76.1 17.2 4.1 2.6 12 8742 289 76.3 17.3 4.0 2.5 Jr Hs 10444 478 90.8 5.8 1.8 1.6 Sr Hs 37368 1617 78.4 15.3 3.8 2.5 TOTAL 47812 2095 81.1 13.2 3.4 2.3 8.8 Grade How Many Of Your Friends Use Downers N of N of A Sev Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1363 60 94.0 3.5 0.9 1.6 7 4351 261 92.9 4.1 1.6 1.4 8 4721 166 89.8 6.9 1.7 1.6 9 8723 519 85.5 10.2 2.4 1.8 10 10228 469 82.8 12.2 2.9 2.1 11 9606 409 81.3 13.7 2.9 2.1 12 8726 305 81.8 13.5 2.7 1.9 Jr Hs 10435 487 91.6 5.3 1.6 1.5 Sr Hs 37283 1702 82.8 12.5 2.7 2.0 TOTAL 47718 2189 84.7 10.9 2.5 1.9 8.9 How Many Of Your Friends Use Inhalants N of N of A Sev Grade Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1363 60 92.1 4.5 1.5 1.9 7 4365 247 90.9 5.5 1.9 1.6 8 4724 163 88.7 7.4 2.2 1.7 9 8739 503 87.7 8.9 1.8 1.6 10 10219 478 87.2 9.3 1.9 1.5 11 9603 412 87.9 9.0 1.6 1.5 12 8716 315 89.8 7.6 1.3 1.2 Jr Hs 10452 470 90.1 6.2 2.0 1.7 Sr Hs 37277 1708 88.1 8.7 1.7 1.5 TOTAL 47729 2178 88.5 8.2 1.7 1.5 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 8.10 How Many Of Your Friends Use Hallucinogens N of N of A Sev Grade Valid Miss None Few eral Most 6 1352 71 96.2 1.5 0.7 1.6 7 4368 244 94.7 3.4 0.9 1.0 8 4712 175 92.6 4.7 1.3 1.4 9 8714 528 90.2 6.6 1.6 1.5 10 10209 488 88.0 7.9 2.3 1.8 11 9595 420 86.9 8.9 2.2 2.0 12 8718 313 86.8 9.2 2.1 1.9 Jr Hs 10432 490 94.0 3.8 1.0 1.3 Sr Hs 37236 1749 88.0 8.1 2.1 1.8 TOTAL 47668 2239 89.3 7.2 1.8 1.7 8.11 How Many Of Your N of N of Grade Valid Miss Friends Use Other Drugs A Sev None Few eral Most 6 1358 65 91.5 4.6 1.1 2.8 7 4359 253 87.3 6.9 2.3 3.5 8 4709 178 83.8 8.9 3.0 4.2 9 8703 539 81.1 12.1 3.3 3.6 10 10187 510 79.8 12.4 4.0 3.8 11 9574 441 78.4 13.5 4.1 4.0 12 8708 323 80.9 12.4 3.2 3.4 Jr Hs 10426 496 86.3 7.5 2.5 3.7 Sr Hs 37172 1813 80.0 12.6 3.7 3.7 TOTAL 47598 2309 81.4 11.5 3.4 3.7 PRIDE USA SERC 13 July 1989 9.1 Grade Harmful To Health -- N of N of Valid Miss No Cigarettes Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1380 43 11.2 12.7 69.0 7.2 7 4438 174 12.9 16.7 64.5 5.9 8 4755 132 9.8 19.2 65.3 5.6 9 8817 425 8.9 20.1 66.5 4.5 10 10307 390 7.0 18.7 71.0 3.3 11 9719 296 6.4 18.1 72.8 2.7 12 8820 211 5.7 17.2 74.6 2.5 Jr Hs 10573 349 11.3 17.3 65.4 6.0 Sr Hs 37663 1322 7.0 18.5 71.3 3.2 TOTAL 48236 1671 7.9 18.3 70.0 3.8 Grade 9.2 Harmful To N of N of Valid Miss Health No -- Beer Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1387 36 13.0 21.5 57.2 8.4 7 4420 192 17.0 26.9 48.6 7.5 8 4752 135 14.9 29.7 48.6 6.9 9 8779 463 15.8 35.9 42.4 5.8 10 10296 401 13.8 38.3 43.2 4.7 11 9694 321 13.9 41.7 40.5 3.9 12 8805 226 14.0 44.1 38.4 3.6 Jr Hs 10559 363 15.5 27.4 49.7 7.3 Sr Hs 37574 1411 14.3 40.0 41.2 4.5 TOTAL 48133 1774 14.6 37.2 43.1 5.1 9.3 Grade Harmful To Health -- Wine Coolers N of N of Some Very Valid Miss No time Much Dont Know 6 1378 45 16.3 21.1 50.4 12.1 7 4398 214 23.4 25.2 40.4 11.0 8 4739 148 23.9 28.3 37.5 10.3 9 8726 516 26.7 32.0 32.4 9.0 10 10265 432 24.0 35.7 32.9 7.4 11 9667 348 23.3 39.3 31.4 6.1 12 8773 258 22.9 41.1 30.3 5.7 Jr Hs 10515 407 22.7 26.0 40.4 10.8 Sr Hs 37431 1554 24.2 37.0 31.8 7.0 TOTAL 47946 1961 23.9 34.6 33.7 7.9 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 9.4 Harmful To Health N of N of Valid Miss No -- Liquor Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1380 43 12.4 11.2 68.3 8.1 7 4402 210 14.0 14.5 64.5 7.1 8 4729 158 10.7 17.0 65.7 6.6 9 8728 514 10.8 22.5 61.1 5.6 10 10242 455 8.8 25.3 61.8 4.1 11 9648 367 8.2 27.9 60.3 3.6 12 8767 264 8.5 29.7 58.7 3.1 Jr Hs 10511 411 12.3 15.2 65.5 7.0 Sr Hs 37385 1600 9.0 26.4 60.5 4.1 TOTAL 47896 2011 9.7 23.9 61.6 4.7 9.5 Grade Harmful To N of N of Valid Miss Health No -- Marijuana Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1375 48 12.1 1.7 79.6 6.6 7 4394 218 12.5 3.4 77.6 6.6 8 4724 163 9.2 4.8 79.7 6.3 9 8727 515 9.0 6.9 78.3 5.8 10 10234 463 7.4 8.2 80.1 4.4 11 9643 372 6.6 9.8 79.4 4.2 12 8754 277 6.6 10.9 78.8 3.7 Jr Hs 10493 429 11.0 3.8 78.8 6.5 Sr Hs 37358 1627 7.4 8.9 79.2 4.5 TOTAL 47851 2056 8.2 7.8 79.1 4.9 Grade 9.6 Harmful To Health N of N of Valid Miss No -- Cocaine Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1368 55 12.4 0.8 80.4 6.4 7 4388 224 12.3 1.3 79.7 6.6 8 4714 173 8.7 1.3 83.1 6.9 9 8694 548 8.3 1.3 84.3 6.1 10 10210 487 6.3 1.4 87.3 5.0 11 9625 390 5.4 1.6 88.3 4.7 12 8753 278 5.3 1.5 88.9 4.2 Jr Hs 10470 452 10.7 1.3 81.3 6.7 Sr Hs 37282 1703 6.3 1.4 87.2 5.0 TOTAL 47752 2155 7.3 1.4 86.0 5.4 133 PRIDE US's - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 9.7 Harmful To Health N of N of Valid Miss No -- Uppers Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1368 55 12.8 3.8 72.1 11.3 7 4343 269 12.5 3.7 73.4 10.4 8 4704 183 9.7 4.2 76.4 9.7 9 8697 545 9.3 5.5 75.9 9.3 10 10199 498 7.6 7.0 78.0 7.3 11 9616 399 7.0 7.2 78.5 7.3 12 8743 288 6.7 7.6 78.4 7.2 Jr Hs 10415 507 11.2 4.0 74.6 10.2 Sr Hs 37255 1730 7.6 6.9 77.8 7.7 TOTAL 47670 2237 8.4 6.2 77.1 8.3 Grade 9.8 Harmful To Health N of N of Valid Miss No -- Downers Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1361 62 12.9 4.0 71.2 11.9 7 4331 281 12.7 3.6 73.3 10.4 8 4703 184 9.4 4.1 76.6 9.9 9 8672 570 9.0 5.2 76.2 9.6 10 10184 513 7.4 6.4 78.5 7.7 11 9601 414 6.5 6.3 79.4 7.7 12 8723 308 6.5 7.0 78.9 7.6 Jr Hs 10395 527 11.2 3.9 74.5 10.4 Sr Hs 37180 1805 7.3 6.2 78.3 8.1 TOTAL 47575 2332 8.2 5.7 77.5 8.6 9.9 Grade Harmful To Health N of N of Valid Miss No -- Inhalants Some Very time Much Dont Know 6 1360 63 13.2 6.0 68.2 12.6 7 4343 269 13.4 6.0 69.8 10.8 8 4702 185 9.8 6.3 72.9 11.0 9 8661 581 9.1 5.4 75.8 9.7 10 10172 525 7.1 5.3 79.8 7.9 11 9597 418 6.1 4.7 81.4 7.8 12 8728 303 6.0 4.2 82.3 7.5 Jr Hs 10405 517 11.8 6.2 73.0 11.1 Sr Hs 37158 1827 7.0 4.9 79.9 8.2 TOTAL 47563 2344 8.1 5.2 77.9 8.8 134 - 36 - PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 9.10 Grade Harmful To Health -- N of N of Valid Miss No Hallucinogens Some Very Dont time Much Know 6 1358 65 12.2 1.8 74.8 11.3 7 4334 278 12.3 2.0 76.2 9.6 8 4681 206 9.0 2.3 79.6 9.1 9 8648 594 8.5 1.7 81.2 8.6 10 10144 553 6.5 2.3 84.7 6.5 11 9589 426 5.7 2.8 85.1 6.5 12 8721 310 5.6 2.2 86.1 6.0 Jr Hs 10373 549 10.8 2.1 77.5 9.6 Sr Hs 37102 1883 6.6 2.3 84.3 6.9 TOTAL 47475 2432 7.5 2.2 82.8 7.5 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 10.1 N of Valid How Easy N of Miss Is It Cant Get To Get Beer Frly Frly Diff Easy Very Easy Dont Know 6 1372 51 33.3 6.4 10.1 12.9 37.3 7 4381 231 26.5 8.9 14.7 19.1 30.7 8 4730 157 19.6 9.0 19.5 24.5 27.5 9 8765 477 15.0 7.6 23.4 31.4 22.6 10 10265 432 10.7 6.8 25.8 38.2 18.5 11 9650 365 6.9 5.4 27.3 45.4 15.1 12 8783 248 6.1 4.4 25.2 52.6 11.7 Jr Hs 10483 439 24.3 8.6 16.2 20.7 30.2 Sr Hs 37463 1522 9.6 6.1 25.5 41.8 17.0 TOTAL 47946 1961 12.8 6.6 23.4 37.2 19.9 10.2 How Easy N of N of Grade Valid Miss Is It To Get Wine Coolers Cant Frly Frly Very Get Diff Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1371 52 35.2 7.8 9.0 10.2 37.8 7 4364 248 26.6 8.3 13.5 18.7 32.9 8 4718 169 20.2 8.3 18.9 25.2 27.4 9 8713 529 14.5 7.1 22.4 33.3 22.7 10 10224 473 9.5 6.2 25.3 39.8 19.2 11 9617 398 6.5 5.5 26.2 46.0 15.8 12 8759 272 5.4 4.6 24.9 53.0 12.1 Jr Hs 10453 469 24.9 8.2 15.3 20.5 31.1 Sr Hs 37313 1672 8.9 5.9 24.7 43.0 17.5 TOTAL 47766 2141 12.4 6.4 22.7 38.1 20.5 Grade 10.3 N of Valid How Easy N of Miss Is It Cant Get To Get Frly Diff Liquor Frly Very Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1369 54 39.9 6.9 5.8 7.8 39.6 7 4361 251 34.3 8.1 10.0 13.5 34.1 8 4709 178 26.6 9.3 14.1 18.6 31.3 9 8676 566 20.0 9.8 18.3 24.1 27.8 10 10207 490 13.9 10.4 22.1 30.0 23.6 11 9596 419 10.0 9.7 25.0 35.0 20.3 12 8747 284 8.3 9.2 25.6 40.1 16.8 Jr Hs 10439 483 31.6 8.5 11.3 15.0 33.6 Sr Hs 37226 1759 13.0 9.8 22.8 32.3 22.1 TOTAL 47665 2242 17.1 9.5 20.3 28.5 24.6 PRIDE USA SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 10.4 How Easy N of N of Valid Miss Is It To Get Marijuana Cant Frly Frly Very Get Diff Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1369 54 46.2 4.1 2.2 4.3 43.2 7 4360 252 39.9 5.0 4.5 9.7 41.0 8 4696 191 31.7 5.8 7.2 13.4 41.9 9 8666 576 23.5 5.8 10.3 18.5 41.9 10 10174 523 16.5 5.0 14.4 23 8 40.3 11 9581 434 12.1 4.9 16.6 28.3 38.1 12 8715 316 9.8 4.9 18.8 31.5 35.1 Jr Hs 10425 497 37.0 5.2 5.4 10.6 41.7 Sr Hs 37136 1849 15.4 5.1 15.0 25.5 38.9 TOTAL 47561 2346 20.2 5.1 12.9 22.3 39.5 10.5 How Easy Is It To Get Cocaine N of N of Cant Frly Frly Very Dont Grade Valid Miss Get Diff Easy Easy Know 6 1365 58 47.1 3.6 2.1 3.6 43.7 7 4354 258 42.5 4.6 2.7 7.2 43.0 8 4691 196 35.8 5.4 4.0 9.0 45.8 9 8656 586 28.6 5.7 5.2 10.5 50.0 10 10155 542 22.0 6.6 6.9 11.1 53.4 11 9560 455 17.1 6.6 8.2 12.7 55.3 12 8707 324 14.4 7.3 9.5 14.3 54.5 Jr Hs 10410 512 40.1 4.8 3.2 7.6 44.4 Sr Hs 37078 1907 20.5 6.6 7.5 12.1 53.4 TOTAL 47488 2419 24.8 6.2 6.5 11.1 51.4 Grade 10.6 N of Valid How Easy N of Miss Is It Cant Get To Get Frly Diff Uppers Frly Very Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1362 61 45.4 3.2 2.2 3.7 45.5 7 4316 296 41.6 4.2 3.4 6.8 44.0 8 4680 207 34.6 4.5 4.8 9.3 46.9 9 8641 601 27.0 4.6 6.4 12.2 49.8 10 10140 557 19.9 4.5 9.3 14.3 51.9 11 9545 470 15.4 4.0 10.2 16.6 53.8 12 8700 331 13.3 4.4 10.3 17.7 54.3 Jr Hs 10358 564 38.9 4.2 3.9 7.5 45.5 Sr Hs 37026 1959 18.9 4.4 9.1 15.2 52.5 TOTAL 47384 2523 23.3 4.3 7.9 13.5 51.0 1 3 PR/DE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 10.7 N of Valid How Easy N of Miss Is It Cant Get To Get Downers Frly Frly Very Diff Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1353 70 45.6 2.7 2.4 4.0 45.3 7 4308 304 41.8 4.0 3.4 6.6 44.2 8 4677 210 34.8 4.5 4.6 8.9 47.2 9 8612 630 27.3 4.2 6.2 11.4 50.9 10 10130 567 20.4 4.2 8.6 13.2 53.5 11 9534 481 15.9 4.1 9.4 14.7 56.0 12 8691 340 13.6 4.4 9.7 16.0 56.4 Jr Hs 10338 584 39.1 4.0 3.8 7.3 45.7 Sr Hs 36967 2018 19.2 4.2 8.5 13.8 54.2 TOTAL 47305 2602 23.6 4.2 7.5 12.4 52.4 Grade 10.8 How N of Valid Easy N of Miss Is It To Get Cant Frly Get Diff Inhalants Frly Very Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1352 71 42.1 2.4 2.7 10.8 42.1 7 4322 290 38.3 2.7 3.3 15.1 40.6 8 4663 224 31.6 2.7 3.9 19.0 42.7 9 8609 633 25.6 2.8 4.2 20.5 46.9 10 10122 575 19.7 2.5 5.5 22.0 50.3 11 9520 495 15.7 2.6 5.8 22.4 53.6 12 8674 357 13.4 2.8 5.6 23.4 54.8 Jr Hs 10337 585 35.8 2.7 3.5 16.3 41.8 Sr Hs 36925 2060 18.6 2.7 5.3 22.1 51.4 TOTAL 47262 2645 22.3 2.7 4.9 20.8 49.3 Grade 10.9 How Easy Is N of N of Valid Miss It To Get Hallucinogens Cant Frly Frly Very Get Diff Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1345 78 46.0 2.5 1.6 3.1 46.8 7 4320 292 42.6 4.3 2.4 6.1 44.5 8 4665 222 36.2 4.9 3.4 7.5 48.0 9 8609 633 28.9 5.2 4.5 8.6 52.9 10 10107 590 22.3 5.9 6.1 9.4 56.3 11 9517 498 17.8 5.8 6.7 9.9 59.7 12 8672 359 15.2 6.7 7.2 11.0 59.9 Jr Hs 10330 592 40.2 4.3 2.8 6.4 46.4 Sr Hs 36905 2080 21.0 5.9 6.1 9.7 57.2 TOTAL 47235 2672 25.2 5.6 5.4 9.0 54.9 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 10.10 How Easy Is N of N of Valid Miss It To Get Other Drugs Cant Frly Frly Very Get Diff Easy Easy Dont Know 6 1347 76 44.8 2.4 2.1 5.0 45.8 7 4316 296 39.4 3.3 3.3 9.8 44.2 8 4648 239 32.6 3.2 4.7 12.1 47.4 9 8581 661 26.4 3.6 5.1 12.5 52.3 10 10073 624 20.4 3.5 7.2 13-3 55.6 11 9481 534 15.7 3.3 7.1 15.\ 58.8 12 8637 394 14.0 3.5 7.5 13.9 61.1 Jr Hs 10311 611 37.0 3.1 3.8 10.2 45.9 Sr Hs 36772 2213 19.1 3.5 6.7 13.7 56.9 TOTAL 47083 2824 23.0 3%4 6.1 13.0 54.5 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 11.1 N of Valid Frequency Of Use N of Miss Never -- Cigarettes In Very TOTAL freq Freq Freq USE 6 1404 19 84.8 7.6 2.2 5.4 15.2 7 4558 54 77.9 10.5 3.2 8.3 22.1 8 4827 60 70.1 13.1 4.3 12.5 29.9 9 9077 165 66.4 12.0 4.6 17.0 33.6 10 10511 186 64.2 11.8 4.8 19.2 35.8 11 9867 148 61.7 12.4 4.9 21.0 38.3 12 8935 96 61.8 12.3 4.7 21.2 38.2 Jr Hs 10789 133 75.3 11.3 3.6 9.8 24.7 Sr Hs 38390 595 63.5 12.1 4.8 19.6 36.5 TOTAL 49179 728 66.1 11.9 4.5 17.5 33.9 11.2 Frequency Of Use -- Beer N of N of In Very TOTAL Grade Valid Miss Never freq Freq Freq USE 6 1408 15 80.1 12.1 3.6 4.3 19.9 7 4550 62 68.7 19.0 6.1 6.2 31.3 8 4823 64 60.7 21.3 9.6 8.4 39.3 9 9082 160 52.4 21.9 13.2 12.6 47.6 10 10535 162 45.3 22.9 15.7 16.1 54.7 11 9900 115 40.0 22.8 17.2 19.9 60.0 12 8955 76 36.6 23,0 17.6 22.8 63.4 Jr Hs 10781 141 66.6 19.1 7.3 6.9 33.4 Sr Hs 38472 513 43.6 22.7 15.9 17.8 56.4 TOTAL 49253 654 48.6 21.9 14.0 15.4 51.4 Grade 11.3 Frequency Of Use N of N of Valid Miss Never -- Wine Coolers In Very freq Freq Freq TOTAL USE 6 1406 17 83.2 11.1 2.2 3.5 16.8 7 4535 77 71.3 18.8 5.5 4.3 28.7 8 4817 70 62.9 21.9 9.1 6.1 37.1 9 9047 195 52.8 24.2 13.5 9.5 47.2 10 10516 181 46.1 26.7 16.4 10.8 53.9 11 9859 156 40.4 28.8 19.5 11.4 59.6 12 8923 108 36.9 30.1 21.1 11.8 63.1 Jr Hs 10758 164 69.1 19.2 6.7 5.0 30.9 Sr Hs 38345 640 44.1 27.4 17.6 10.9 55.9 TOTAL 49103 804 49.6 25.6 15.2 9.6 50.4 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 Grade 11.4 N of Valid Frequency Of Use -- N of In Miss Never freq Liquor Very TOTAL Freq Freq USE 6 1405 18 91.4 5.1 1.3 2.2 8.6 7 4540 72 83.6 10.2 3.4 2.8 16.4 8 48131 74 75.5 13.5 6.1 4.9 24.5 9 9041 201 65.6 17.2 10.1 7.1 34.4 10 10517 180 57.4 19.6 13.7 9.4 42.6 11 9852 163 51.2 22.9 15.8 10.1 48.8 12 8911 120 47.4 24.5 17.9 10.1 52.6 Jr Hs 10758 164 81.0 11.0 4.3 3.7 19.0 Sr Hs 38321 664 55.4 21.0 14.3 9.2 44.6 TOTAL 49079 828 61.0 18.8 12.2 8.0 39.0 Grade 11.5 N of Valid Frequency Of Use -- N of In Miss Never freq Marijuana Very TOTAL Freq Freq USE 6 1403 20 97.2 1.0 0.4 1.4 2.8 7 4552 60 94.7 2.2 1.1 2.0 5.3 8 4822 65 91.7 3.1 2.2 2.9 8.3 9 9050 192 86.2 5.4 3.2 5.2 13.8 10 10512 185 81.2 7.8 4.1 6.9 18.8 11 9872 143 76.9 10.1 5.2 7.8 23.1 12 8922 109 74.6 11.6 5.5 8.4 25.4 Jr Hs 10777 145 93.7 2.4 1.5 2.3 6.3 Sr Hs 38356 629 79.7 8.7 4.5 7.1 20.3 TOTAL 49133 774 82.8 7.3 3.9 6.0 17.2 11.6 Frequency Of Use -- Cocaine N of N of In Very TOTAL Grade Valid Miss Never freq Freq Freq USE 6 1406 17 98.2 0.5 0.2 1.1 1.8 7 4544 68 98.5 0.5 0.2 0.8 1.5 8 4822 65 98.4 0.7 0.4 0.5 1.6 9 9034 208 97.5 1.1 0.5 0.9 2.5 10 10511 186 96.7 1.7 0.6 1.0 3.3 11 9855 160 95.6 2.2 0.8 1.4 4.4 12 8925 106 95.0 2.7 1.0 1.3 5.0 Jr Hs 10772 150 98.4 0.6 0.3 0.7 1.6 Sr Hs 38325 660 96.2 1.9 0.7 1.2 3.8 TOTAL 49097 810 96.7 1.6 0.6 1.1 3.3 14j PRIDE USA - SERC Grade 11.7 N of Valid 6 1397 7 4498 8 4807 9 9018 10 10504 11 9857 12 8918 Jr Hs 10702 Sr Hs 38297 TOTAL 48999 11.8 N of Frequency Of N of Miss Never 26 98.2 114 97.4 80 96.4 224 93.9 193 91.6 158 90.7 113 90.9 220 97.1 688 91.8 908 92.9 13 July 1989 Use -- Uppers In Very TOTAL freq Freq Freq USE 0.6 0.2 0.9 1.8 1.0 0.5 1.0 2.6 1.4 1.1 1.1 3.6 2.7 1.6 1.8 6.1 3.8 2.1 2.4 8.4 4.6 2.4 2.3 9.3 4.2 2.3 2.5 9.1 1.1 0.8 1.0 2.9 3.9 2.1 2.3 8.2 3.3 1.8 2.0 7.1 Frequency Of Use -- Downers Grade Valid 6 1394 7 4487 8 4813 9 9015 10 10486 11 9833 12 8911 Jr Hs 10694 Sr Hs 38245 TOTAL 48939 N of In Very TOTAL Miss Never freq Freq Freq USE 29 125 74 227 211 182 120 98.1 98.1 97.5 96.1 95.1 94.5 94.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.4 2.3 0.1 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.9 0.6 1.9 0.7 2.5 1.2 3.9 1.5 4.9 1.5 5.5 1.6 5.4 228 97.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 2.2 740 95.1 2.1 1.4 1.5 4.9 968 95.7 1.8 1.2 1.3 4.3 11.9 Frequency Of Use -- Inhalants Grade N of Valid N of Miss 6 1395 28 7 4521 91 8 4806 81 9 9007 235 10 10477 220 11 9839 176 12 8899 132 Jr Hs 10722 200 Sr Hs 38222 763 TOTAL 48944 963 In Very TOTAL Never freq Freq Freq USE 96.2 1.6 0.8 95.2 2.5 1.0 95.1 2.7 0.7 95.3 2.6 0.8 95.2 2.6 1.0 95.8 2.6 0.7 96.8 1.8 0.5 95.3 2.5 0.8 95.8 2.4 0.8 95.7 2.4 0.8 142 - 44 - 1.4 3.8 1.3 4.8 1.5 4.9 1.3 4.7 1.2 4.8 0.9 4.2 1.0 3.2 1.4 4.7 1.1 4.2 1.2 4.3 PRIDE USA - SERC 13 July 1989 11.10 Frequency Of Use N of N of Grade Valid Miss Never -- Hallucinogens In Very TOTAL freq Freq Freq USE 6 1385 38 98.1 0.7 0.3 0.9 1.9 7 4517 95 98.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.5 8 4811 76 98.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 1.4 9 8998 244 97.8 0.9 0.6 0.7 2.2 10 10472 225 96.7 1.5 0.9 0.9 3.3 11 9841 174 96.3 1.9 0.9 1.0 3.7 12 8894 137 95.7 2.6 0.8 0.9 4.3 Jr Hs 10713 209 98.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.5 Sr Hs 38205 780 96.6 1.7 0.8 0.9 3.4 TOTAL 48918 989 97.0 1.4 0.7 0.8 3.0 Grade 11.11 N of Valid Frequency Of Use N of Miss Never -- Other Drugs In Very freq Freq Freq TOTAL USE 6 1385 38 97.1 0.8 0.6 1.5 2.9 7 4509 103 94.5 1.9 1.4 2.2 5.5 8 4795 92 94.3 2.1 1.1 2.5 5.7 9 8981 261 94.4 2.0 1.4 2.2 5.6 10 10441 256 93.5 2.3 1.7 2.5 6.5 11 9803 212 93.4 2.5 1.5 2.6 6.6 12 8871 160 94.4 2.2 1.3 2.2 5.6 Jr Hs 10689 233 94.8 1.8 1.2 2.2 5.2 Sr Hs 38096 889 93.9 2.3 1.5 2.4 6.1 TOTAL 48785 1122 94.1 2.2 1.4 2.3 5.9 1 RACE White Block Hispanic Oriental Other AGE Under 10 10-11 12-13 14-15 16-17 18-19 Over 20 i 10000 0 Race FREO 32050 12773 1874 375 1409 PERCENT 66.11 26.35 3.87 0.77 2.91 SEX Male Female I 1 i 20000 30000 40000 FREOUENCY Age FREO PERCENT GRADE 102 0.21 6 1003 2.03 7197 14.59 16696 33.85 20438 41.43 10 3752 7.61 11 139 0.28 12 1 10000 20000 144 FREQUENCY 30000 Sex 0 10000 20000 FREQUENCY Grade FREQ PERCENT 21934 49.42 22448 50.58 30000 i I 1 1 I I 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 FREQUENCY FREQ PERCENT 1423 2.85 4612 9.24 4887 9.79 9242 18.52 10697 21.43 10015 20.07 9031 18.10 145 P 60 - C E 50 - N T 40 - 100 - 90 - 80 - 70 - P 60 - C E 50 - N 40 - 30 - 20 - 10- 0- 100 90-, 80 - 70 - 30 - 20 - 10 - 0 Gateway Drug Use - SERC 6 7 1 8 9 GRADE 10 Illicit Drug Use - SERC 12 9 GRADE 146 ppers 12 P E R C N I 1001 90- 80 70 60- 50' 40 30- 20' 10 7E 1 3 153 1.70 fL7 1.2 Location of Drug Use SERC ORUG=Cogaretles 15.9 10.t 17.3 15.1 161 14.8 15.6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 At Home f f School --1 At 147 In A Car Friends I House i I-- Place Or 146 7001 90 80 70 E R 60 C E 50 40 30 20 10 158 195 176 3 18 2 f6.2 1T Location of Drug Use - SERC DRUG:Beer 0.7 1.0 7 " 2.3 2 1 .146. vat WI 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 At Home At School 14,9 216 31.6 35.2 4 4 NI 4 4 A itt 3 5 6.9 11.3 :10' "::4 5.1 4;4 44, 8.0 a to., tV '46:41 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Friends Other House e Place lnA C-ar 6 7 208 144 27 4 32 7 8 9 10 11 12 50 34 7 P E R C E 1 100- 90- 80' 70- 60" 50' 40' 30 20" 10 16.9 10.4 18.6 lee 179 176 16.3 Location of Drug Use - SERC DRUG=WIne Coolers 1 .0 0.6 0 9 4 1.2 1.6 1.6 C"a_er-imc-71 4-71 C-71 M 2.8 711/ 32.1 30.9 17.9 20.4 19.7 25.5 28.6 188 24 4 30.1 13.4 /SA 4.7 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 .912.9 i.447 2 V1f 4 ION .tv tA 4.1 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 At At In A Friends Other I Home I F School --I F Car I House i I Place --I 151 152 P E R C N T Location of Drug Use - SERC DRUG=Liquor 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 At 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 At Home -I School 153 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 In A Friends Car ---i House ---1 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Other Place --I 1.5/1 100' 90- 80- 70- P E R 60 50 N 40 30 20 10- 0 i7 5 3.4 3 9 r 3 r_12 3 ri Location of Drug Use - SERC DRUG=Maripono , 26 AA 3.3 MAANI 2.9 5 123 13.2 4.6 2.6 111 12 NI 6- 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 At At In A Home ---1 F School --I 155 Friends Other Car House I I-- Place I 156 I 100 90- 80 70- P E R 60 C E 50 N T 40 30 20 10- 0 Location of Drug Use - SERC DRUG:Coca ne 0.7 14 0 6 0 7 0.0 I 1 1 7 9 0.4 03 0.6 06 0.9 0.0 0'7 02 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.4 1.6 =1 F-1 r"-7t r-r-71 lern r7i 2.4 0.7 0.5 0.0 1,1 0711.4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 At 1-- Home --I 1.5 7 2.6 E;(51 07 0.2 10 22 2.5 IBM 11 12 12 6 miLm.9 7 8 9 At In A Friends Other School Car I- House ---I I-- Place --I 158 100 90 80 70 P E R 60' C E 50 N 40- 30 20` 10 73 22 9 122 143 146 2.3 13 1\1 Time of Drug Use - SERC DRIIG=Cigarel(es 16,2 15.1 14.5 199 213 240 26 27.0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Before During School School 1 S After Week School Night Week End --I 160 Time of Drug Use - SERC DRUG:Be er 100 - 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 4 3 I.5 , t3 t6 2 0 2 5 2 8 01 2.5 E-1 F-1 in 1-1 0.6 ck2.1 .0,1L120as1.1 tc, 0 4 5.7 61 13.6 20.7 13.6 45.1 37.5 301 51.5 54 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Before During After Week Week School I School School Night --I i-- End ti ]f1 P E R C E T Time of Drug Use - SERC DRUG=Wine Coolers 100 90 80 70 60- 50- 40 30 20 10 4.2 4 0 5.1 4.8 5'3 2.7 16 07 06 07 09 08 11 1.1 15 7- 0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 53 5 500 44_2 36 7 27.4 19-3 11.0 I 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Before During After Week School l-- School School 1-- Night -I 13 Week I-- End ----I I 64 100 90- 80 70- 60- 50 40- 30 - 20 10 0 Time of Drug Use - SERC DRUG=liquor 41 4 f-1 r---1 I-1 09 06 II 13 11 i9 $7ri .-=:, -...s-mr--.n ru C-71 f71 06 04 0.6 " " 1.4 1.4 1 4 2.5 2.6 5 4.5 4.7 4.8 7- /// 1.4 3.0 45 i 5.3 10.7 19.4 26.9 35.2 '&1 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5. 7.6 6.6 5.7 45 7 Before During After Week Week School -----1 School 1 School Night I--- End --i 165 1 66 100 90 80 70 E 60 C E 50 40 Time of Drug Use - SERC DRUCior ijuona 20 12 37 i; NI r704 _ ow a 111.ER 06 1 0.6 ex' rt. tt: tt: 1.0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 School Be fore During School ----I After School --I ti. 7 8 9 10 11 12 Week Night End Week .158