USVI Public Records

Document text

Department of Planning & Natural Resources Division of Environmental Protection Water Quality Management Program 2012 USVI Integrated Water Quality Monitoring & Assessment Report The 2012 USVI Integrated Water Quality Monitoring & Assessment Report intends to satisfy the USVI requirements of the Federal Clean Water Act Sections 305(b) and 303(d). Submitted by: Department of Planning &Natural Resources Division of Environmental Protection St. Croix (340) 773-1082 St. Thomas (340) 774-3320 Web: www.dpnr.gov.vi/ 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... 6 A. Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 6 B. Overview of Water Quality Conditions and Trends......................................................... 6 1. Surface Water ................................................................................................................... 6 2. Ground Water ................................................................................................................... 6 C. Program Initiatives ........................................................................................................... 7 D. Summary of Classified Uses ............................................................................................ 7 E. Highlights of the Rest of this Report ................................................................................ 8 II. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 8 A. Resource Overview .......................................................................................................... 8 B. Classifications, Total Waters and Applicable Standards ............................................... 24 C. Water Pollution Control Program .................................................................................. 32 1. Territorial Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems Program ........................................ 32 2. Enforcement Actions ........................................................................................................ 39 D. Non-Point Source Program ............................................................................................ 40 E. Solid Waste Program ........................................................................................................ 52 F. Oil and Hazardous Materials ............................................................................................ 52 1. Underground Storage Tank Program ................................................................................ 52 2. The Used Oil Program ...................................................................................................... 53 3. Hazardous Waste Program ................................................................................................ 58 4. Brownfields Program ........................................................................................................ 60 F. Wetlands Programs ........................................................................................................... 61 G. Water Quality Management Planning Program ................................................................ 73 1. Other Ambient Monitoring Activities .............................................................................. 73 H. Coral Reef Monitoring ................................................................................................... 74 III. SURFACE WATER MONITORING & ASSESSMENT ............................................... 75 A. Surface Water Monitoring Program ..................................................................................... 75 1. Monitoring Sites................................................................................................................ 75 2. Monitoring Measurements ................................................................................................ 78 3. 2010 and 2011 Monitoring Frequency .............................................................................. 79 4. Toxics/biological monitoring ........................................................................................... 81 5. Fish tissue, sediment, and shellfish monitoring: .............................................................. 81 6. Quality assurance/quality control program ...................................................................... 81 7. Volunteer monitoring ....................................................................................................... 81 8. Program evaluation .......................................................................................................... 81 B. Assessment Methodology .................................................................................................... 82 C. Monitoring Strategy ........................................................................................................... 138 D. Estuary and Coastal Assessment ........................................................................................ 141 E. Wetlands Assessment ......................................................................................................... 148 F. Public Health/Aquatic Life Concerns ................................................................................. 151 IV. GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 152 A. Permitting ........................................................................................................................ 152 1. Virgin Islands Water and Power Authority (WAPA) ..................................................... 153 2. Public Water Systems that utilize groundwater .............................................................. 155 2012 USVI Integrated Report B. Wellhead Protection Actualization Assessment ................................................................. 155 1. Time of Travel Buffers ................................................................................................... 156 2. Flooding .......................................................................................................................... 157 3. Particular threats – poor siting or construction ............................................................... 157 4. Summary ......................................................................................................................... 157 5. Suggestions for Interim Measures .................................................................................. 158 C. WAPA wells ................................................................................................................... 159 Appendix 1: 2012 303(d) List of Impaired Waters ..................................................................... 186 Appendix 2: 2012 Responsiveness Summary for US Virgin Islands List of Impaired Waterbodies & Assessment Methodology .................................................................................. 198 2012 USVI Integrated Report List of Tables Table II.A.1 Characteristics of Virgin Islands Watersheds and Islands ......................................... 9 Table II A.2 Sub-watersheds Listed in the Unified Watershed Assessment ................................ 11 Table II.A.3 Alignment of 14-Digit HUs and Watersheds ........................................................... 12 Table II.A.4 Assessment Units, Square Miles and Monitoring Sites ........................................... 14 Table II.B.1 Summary of US Virgin Islands Water Quality Criteria ........................................... 26 Table II.B.2 Area of Water Classes by Island .............................................................................. 30 Table II.C.1 US Virgin Islands TPDES Permits, 2010 and 2011 ................................................. 33 Table II.C.2 Summary of TPDES Activities, FY2010 - 2011 ...................................................... 38 Table II.C.3 Supplementary POTW Inspections: TPDES Activities, FY2010 - 2011 ................. 38 Table II.C.4 Summary of TPDES Enforcement Activities, FY 2010 - 2011 ............................... 39 Table II.D.1 TMDLs Established for the USVI ............................................................................ 41 Table II.E.1.a List of Used Oil Permit Holders – St. Thomas-St. John District ........................... 54 Table II.E.1.b List of Used Oil Permit Holders – St. Croix District ............................................ 56 Table II.G.1 Summary of Issued Water Quality Certificates, FY 2010 - 2011 ............................ 74 Table III.A.1. Virgin Islands Ambient Monitoring Sites (153). .................................................. 75 Table III.C.1. Waterbodies, Segments, and Categories .............................................................. 141 Table III.D.1 Wetlands Classification12 .................................................................................... 148 Table IV.A.1 Number of permitted wells in the USVI ............................................................... 152 Table IV.A.2 Number of applications reviewed this reporting period ....................................... 153 Table IV.A.3 Overview of VI Public Water Systems Utilizing Groundwater ........................... 155 Table IV.B.1 Non-Permitted uses in Zone 1 .............................................................................. 156 Table IV.C.1 Primary WAPA Wells .......................................................................................... 159 Table IV.C.2 WAPA Wells not intended for service after 2010 ............................................... 160 Table IV.C.3 WAPA Well Fields not intended for service after 2010 ...................................... 160 Table IV.C.4. Wells Selected By Daily Appropriation ............................................................. 175 Table IV.C.5. Wells selected by risk to populace ...................................................................... 180 2012 USVI Integrated Report List of Figures Figure II.A.1 St. Croix subwatersheds and assessment unit overview ......................................... 10 Figure II.A.2 St. Thomas/St. John subwatersheds and assessment unit overview ....................... 10 Figure II.B.2 Spatial Distribution of St. Croix Coastal Water Classes ......................................... 30 Figure II.B.3 Spatial Distribution of St. Thomas/St. John Coastal Water Classes ....................... 31 Figure III.A.1 St. Croix Water Quality Monitoring Network ....................................................... 80 Figure III.A.2 St. Thomas/St. John Water Quality Monitoring Network ..................................... 80 Figure 1. Class A - Buck Island, St. Croix................................................................................... 83 Figure 2. Class A - Trunk Bay, St. John ...................................................................................... 84 Figure 3. Class B - St. Croix (only marine waters displayed) ..................................................... 85 Figure 4. Class B - St. Thomas and St. John (only marine waters displayed) ............................. 86 Figure 5. Class C - St. Thomas Harbor, Crown Bay and Krum Bay, St. Thomas ....................... 87 Figure 6. Class C - Christiansted Harbor, St. Croix..................................................................... 88 Figure 7. Class C - Frederiksted Harbor, St. Croix ...................................................................... 89 Figure 8. Class C - HOVENSA Harbor and St. Croix Renaissance Group Harbor, ................... 90 Figure 9. Class C - Enighed Pond, St. John ................................................................................ 91 Figure IV.C.10. WAPA well with typical platform and riser. ................................................... 162 Figure IV.C.11. Untypical WAPA well. .................................................................................... 162 Figure IV.C.12. Cover of well in parking lot. ............................................................................ 163 Figure IV.C.13. Wellhead in sump condition with open sanitary seal (rope and ...................... 163 flexible conduit for pump). ......................................................................................................... 163 Figure IV.C.14. Well with possible surface sources of contamination; note ditch from cistern/wastewater overflow and dumpster. ................................................................................ 164 Figure IV.C.15. Wellhead with compromised sanitary seal and cut in casing. ......................... 164 Figure IV.C.16. Francis Water Delivery well site. Google Earth. ............................................ 165 Figure IV.C.17. Francis Water Site; 1 is well house, 2 is oil tank and ditch. ............................ 165 Figure IV.C.18. View from North, near well house. Note slope towards well......................... 166 Figure IV.C.19. Well head and pump, shallow Francis Water Delivery well. .......................... 166 Figure IV.C.20. Laundromat well without effective seal. ......................................................... 167 Figure IV.C.21. Diesel tank without containment adjacent to well. .......................................... 167 Figure IV.C.22. Production well for vendor; note the galvanized cover. .................................. 168 Figure IV.C.23. What’s under the cover; this abandoned well is adjacent to a production well providing potable water. ............................................................................................................. 168 Figure IV.C.24. Trash near Bethlehem Ghut and wells. ............................................................ 169 Figure IV.C.25. Abandoned Caustic tank near Bethlehem Ghut and wells. ............................. 169 Figure IV.C 17 Improvement of the GWP during FY-11 ........................................................... 170 Figure IV.C.26. Average Static Water levels in wells on St. Croix. ......................................... 182 Figure IV.C.27. Static water levels, central St. Croix................................................................ 182 Figure IV.C.28. Flood Risks and Production Wells .................................................................. 183 Figure IV.C.21. Wellhead Protection Zone, La Grange ............................................................ 184 Figure IV.C.29. Wellhead Protection Zone, Negro Bay #6 ....................................................... 185 2012 USVI Integrated Report I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. Purpose The 2012 US Virgin Islands Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report was prepared by the Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection (DPNR-DEP) and is intended to satisfy abbreviated reporting requirements under section 305(b) of the Federal Clean Water Act (CWA). This report also is intended to satisfy the requirements of section 303(d) of the Federal CWA by developing a list of assessment units that will require Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). This report provides an assessment of the water quality conditions of the Virgin Island’s surface and ground water resources for the period covering fiscal years 2010 and 2011 (October 1, 2009 through September 30, 2011). B. Overview of Water Quality Conditions and Trends Water quality in the US Virgin Islands is generally good but declining due to an increase in point and non-point source discharges into the marine environment. Sources such as direct discharges, stormwater run-off and vessel wastes increase stresses on US Virgin Islands (VI) waters. 1. Surface Water Non-point source pollution is the major source of surface water contamination in the Virgin Islands. Non-point source pollution can be attributed to several causes such as: • Failure to properly install effective silt control devices during construction, • Failure to contain storm water run-off from unpaved roads, • Failure of on-site disposal systems (OSDS). The discharging of wastes overboard directly into the sea by boat owners and the difficulty in regulating such activity also contributes to non-point source pollution problems seen in the US Virgin Islands. Point Source Pollution can be attributed to an antiquated municipal sewage system. Poor preventive maintenance practices due to lack of funding and other resources within the Waste Management Authority result in “bypasses” that result in the release of untreated sewage directly into the waters of the US Virgin Islands. The Government of the US Virgin Islands has made considerable progress towards resolving these issues by the upgrading of new treatment plants and upgrading other portions of the municipal system. 2. Ground Water The primary sources of groundwater contamination in the US Virgin Islands are: 2012 USVI Integrated Report • Bacteriological contamination from failing septic systems • Leaking municipal sewer lines • Migration of contamination from previous injections and disposal practices • Frequent sewage bypasses (generally described as discharges direct to the sea, but with some percolation into sub-soils) Other sources of ground water contamination include intrusion of salt water caused by the over- pumping of the aquifers, invasion of volatile organic compounds (VOC’s), contamination from leaking underground storage tanks, and the indiscriminate/illegal discharges of waste. C. Program Initiatives Under the provisions of the Federal and Local Water Pollution Control Act, the US Virgin Islands Water Pollution Control (WPC) and Water Quality Management (WQM) Programs are mandated to conserve, protect, preserve, and improve the quality of water for public use, and the propagation of wildlife, fish and aquatic life for the USVI. To ensure the preservation of water quality WQM projects monitor compliance with the Water Quality Standards as set forth in the US Virgin Islands Environmental Laws and Regulations. In addition, the program-reporting period (FY2010 and FY2011) saw water quality management activities in the US Virgin Islands being planned for integration for management and reporting purposes with the Unified Watershed Assessment process of the Clean Water Action Plan. This US Virgin Islands Water Quality Assessment presents water quality assessment information in a format that preserves the US Virgin Islands long-term data series by using the same water quality monitoring sites. This report also indicates how these data can be summarized at a level that is compatible for both Water Quality Assessment and Unified Watershed Assessment processes. The Government of the Virgin Islands is presently enhancing and strengthening its territorial Water Pollution Control Act and revising its Water Quality Standards. The triennial review will be completed when the revised Water Quality Standards are adopted in FY2013. This ongoing process builds upon previous 305(b) and 303(d) reporting periods. D. Summary of Classified Uses USVI waters are classified into three (3) groups based on designated uses: Class A, B. and C: Class A waters are for the preservation of natural phenomena requiring special conditions with existing natural conditions that shall not be changed. Class A water standards are the most stringent of the three (3) classes because of its pristine or near-pristine state. Class B and C waters are for the propagation of desirable species of marine life and for primary contact recreation. Class C waters have less stringent water quality standards than Class B. Detailed specifications for these classes are presented in Part II, Section B, below. 2012 USVI Integrated Report All waters of the Virgin Islands are designated for fish consumption, aquatic life support, primary contact recreation, and secondary contact uses pursuant to the Virgin Islands Water Quality Standard, Title 12, Chapter 7, §186-1 of the Virgin Islands Rules and Regulations (VIRR). E. Highlights of the Rest of this Report  Part II, Table II.A.4 has been revised to ensure that correct assessment unit and monitoring station pairings.  Part III, Table III.C.1 has been updated to reflect the current classification of all US Virgin Islands assessment units.  Part III, 2012 Assessment Methodology updated to include a table which displays assessment unit, monitoring station and monitoring frequency for reporting period. II. BACKGROUND A. Resource Overview The territory of the United States Virgin Islands comprises three major islands: St. Croix, St. John and St. Thomas. Additionally, 57 smaller islands and cays were documented in A Natural History Atlas to the Cays of the US Virgin Islands (Thomas and Devine, 2005). Taken together, the territory encompasses a total land area of about 136 square miles or 110,000 acres (Table II.A.1) characterized by central mountain ranges and relatively small coastal plains. Peak elevations are 1,165 feet on St. Croix (Mount Eagle), 1,550 feet on St. Thomas, (Crown Mountain) and 1,297 feet on St. John (Bordeaux Mountain). The islands are generally only 2 to 6 miles wide, with no land location far from the coastal waters. All data in this report focus on the main islands of St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas although several enclosed bays within the main islands' watersheds include offshore islands and cays. The return of Water Island to the control of the Government of the US Virgin Islands, after 50-some years of direct federal administration (first as a fort by the Department of the Army during the Second World War, and later as the responsibility of the US Department of the Interior) raises the question of whether this areas should be treated as a fourth island. For the purposes of the Water Quality Assessment, Water Island will be treated as another offshore cay or small inhabited island, such as Hassel Island or Great St. James because the area is small (less than 600 acres or 1 square mile), and because the island is practically within St. Thomas Harbor. The offshore cays and small islands are an inherent piece of the natural heritage of the Virgin Islands. Additionally, as an economic asset, these offshore sites could be included within a broad eco-tourism program for the territory. Many government-owned cays have already been established as wildlife reserves pursuant to Title 12 § 94(b)(2) VI Rules and Regulations. A number are important seabird nesting sites, and several are important roosting areas. The surrounding waters of most of the cays and islands teem with marine life, providing food for seabirds and for the fish and shellfish sought by commercial and recreational fishermen. They are also popular dive sites, which are important to the local diving industry. 2012 USVI Integrated Report There are no large freshwater lakes or ponds, and no perennial streams on any of the islands; intermittent streams can only be seen after heavy rainfall or during the rainy season (May – November). The absence of large freshwater resources and perennial streams means that guts (watercourses) form the basis for watershed management in the territory. This Water Quality Assessment is based on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) 8-digit Hydrologic Units for the US Virgin Islands, which designate two Virgin Islands watersheds: one for St. Croix, and one for the combined islands of St. Thomas and St. John. In addition, this Water Quality Assessment also uses 11- and 14-digit Hydrologic Unit definitions, in the process of being finalized by the US Geological Service of the US Department of Interior and the Natural Resources Conservation Service of the US Department of Agriculture, to define territorial Watersheds. Within these fourteen draft watersheds (seven on St. Croix, four on St. Thomas, and three on St. John), the Virgin Islands have defined waterbody Assessment Units, which correspond to coastal elements of watersheds. Table II.A.1 Characteristics of Virgin Islands Watersheds and Islands St. Croix St. Thomas St. John Total Population 51,389 54,259 4,014 109,661 Land Area (square miles) 84 32 20 136 Land Area (acres) 53,499 17,489 12,323 83,311 Tidal/sub-tidal wetlands (square miles) 2.5 2.4 1.1 5.9 Coastal Shoreline 70.3 52.8 49.7 172.8 Embayments (square miles) 1.5 0.9 0.1 3.5 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure II.A.1 St. Croix subwatersheds and assessment unit overview Figure II.A.2 St. Thomas/St. John subwatersheds and assessment unit overview The 14-digit Hydrologic Unit delineations are to be integrated with the list of watersheds used for the analysis in the Unified Watershed Assessment: See Part III below. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table II A.2 Sub-watersheds Listed in the Unified Watershed Assessment St. Croix Watershed Name Acres UWA Category Watershed Name Acres UWA Category A. Northside 2,258 N. Bugby Hole 998 2 B. Baron Bluff 1,262 4 O. Cane Garden Bay 1,527 2 C. Salt River Bay 3,510 2 P. HOVENSA 7,642 1 D. Princess 2,182 Q. Bethlehem 6,689 1 E. Christiansted 1,225 1 R. Airport 1,654 1 F. Altoona Lagoon 1,239 S. Diamond 2,577 1 G. Southgate 1,597 1 T. Long Point Bay 2,044 2 H. Solitude 1,691 4 U. Sandy Point 2,735 4 I. Teagues Bay 1,061 V. La Grange 3,137 2 J. Turner Hole 711 W. Prosperity 967 4 K. Madam Carty 1,128 X. Creque Dam 703 L. Great Pond Bay 2,007 1 Y. Butler Bay 918 M. Laprey Valley 1,853 Z. Rams Bay 757 Total St. Croix Acres ..... 54,072 St. Thomas Watershed Name Acres UWA Category Watershed Name Acres UWA Category A. Botany Point 945 4 H. Benner Bay 3,666 1 B. Santa Maria Bay 867 4 I. Frenchman Bay 1,137 C. Dorothea Bay 1,861 4 J. St. Thomas Harbour 2,696 1 D. Magens Bay 1,210 1 K. Cyril E. King Airport 1,524 4 E. Mandahl Bay 1,883 L. Preseverance Bay 704 F. Smith Bay 902 M. Fortuna Bay 707 2012 USVI Integrated Report G. Redhook Bay 850 1 Total St. Thomas ........ 18,952 St. John Watershed Name Acres UWA Category Watershed Name Acres UWA Category N. Hawksnest 1,305 S. Great Lameshur Bay 1,545 3 O. Maho Bay 1,116 3 T. Genti (Reef) Bay 1,208 3 P. Leinster Bay 795 U. Fish Bay 1,503 1 Q. Minnebeck Bay 629 3 V. Rendezvous Bay 416 R. Coral Bay 3,003 W. Great Cruz Bay 529 1 X. Mary Point 110 St. John Total Acres ...... 12,159 These watersheds align closely with the larger 14-digit Hydrologic Units drafted by the USGS and the NRCS. The alignment is as follows: Table II.A.3 Alignment of 14-Digit HUs and Watersheds 8-Digit 11-Digit 14-Digit Name Acres 21020002 St. Croix Watershed 54,072 21020002010 North St. Croix 22,507 21020002010010 Northwest St. Croix 6,482 V. La Grange 3,137 W. Prosperity 967 X. Creque Dam 703 Y. Butler Bay 918 Z. Rams Bay 757 21020002010020 Northcentral St. Croix 7,030 A. Northside 2,258 B. Baron Bluff 1,262 C. Salt River Bay 3,510 2012 USVI Integrated Report 21020002010030 Northeast St. Croix 8,995 D. Princess 2,182 E. Christiansted 1,225 F. Altoona Lagoon 1,239 G. Southgate 1,597 H. Solitude 1,691 I. Teagues Bay 1,061 21020002020 South St. Croix 31,565 21020002020010 Southeast St. Croix 8,224 J. Turner Hole 711 K. Madam Carty 1,128 L.. Great Pond Bay 2,007 M. Laprey Valley 1,853 N. Bugby Hole 998 0. Cane Garden Bay 1,527 21020002020020 Southparts St. Croix 7,642 P. HOVIC-VIALCO 7,642 21020002020030 Airport St. Croix 8,343 Q. Bethlehem 6,689 R. Airport 1,654 21020002020040 Southwest St. Croix 7,356 S. Diamond 2,577 T. Long Point Bay 2,044 U. Sandy Point 2,735 21020001 St. Thomas-St. John Watershed 21020001010 St. Thomas 18,952 21020001010010 Northwest St. Thomas 4883 A. Botany Point 945 B. Santa Maria Bay 867 C. Dorothea Bay 1,861 D. Magens Bay 1,210 2012 USVI Integrated Report 21020001010020 Northeast St. Thomas 3,635 E. Manual Bay 1,883 F. Smith Bay 902 G. Redhook Bay 850 21020001010030 Southeast St. Thomas 4,803 H. Benner Bay 3,666 I. Frenchman Bay 1,137 21020001010040 Southwest St. Thomas 5,631 J. St. Thomas Hobart 2,696 K. Cyril E King Airport 1,524 L. Preseverance Bay 704 M. Fortuna Bay 707 21020001020 St. John 12,049 21020001020010 North St. John 3,845 N. Hawksnest 1,305 0. Maho Bay 1,116 P. Leinster Bay 795 Q. Minnebeck Bay 629 21020001020020 Southeast St. John 4,548 R. Coral Bay 3,003 S. Great Lameshur Bay 1,545 21020001020030 Southwest St. John 3,656 T. Genti (Reef) Bay 1,208 U. Fish Bay 1,503 V. Rendezvous Bay 416 W. Great Cruz Bay 529 Finally, these two systems are displayed with an indication of the monitoring stations associated with each assessment unit and the number of water quality monitoring sites (Battelle 2003) established by the US Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources. Table II.A.4 Assessment Units, Square Miles and Monitoring Sites 2012 USVI Integrated Report Assessment Unit ID Assessment Unit Name Class AU Size (m2) Associated Monitoring Stations VI-STT-01 Botany Bay B 0.1576 STT-9 Botany Bay VI-STT-02 Stumpy Bay B 0.0597 STT-10 Stumpy Bay VI-STT-03 Botany Bay subwatershed, offshore B 1.309 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-04 Santa Maria Bay B 0.3617 STT-11 Santa Maria Bay VI-STT-05 Caret Bay B 0.0266 STT-12 Caret Bay VI-STT-06 Neltjeberg Bay B 0.0562 STT-13B Neltjeberg Bay VI-STT-07 Dorothea B 0.0254 STT-13 Dorothea VI-STT-08 Hull Bay B 0.2049 STT-14 Hull Bay, VI616865 Hull Bay VI-STT-09 Dorothea Bay subwatershed, offshore B 0.7673 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-10 Magens Bay B 1.6208 STT-15, STT-15A, STT-15B Magens Bay, VI672756 Magens Bay VI-STT-11 Northwest St. Thomas HUC14, offshore B 55.088 STT-OFF1 STT NW-1, STT-OFF9 STT NW-3 VI-STT-12 Lovenlund Bay B 0.0228 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-13 Mandahl Bay (Marina) B 0.0131 STT-16B Mandahl Bay Entrance, STT- 16C Mandahl Point Entrance VI-STT-14 Tutu Bay B 0.0414 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-15 Sunsi Bay B 0.0152 STT-17B Sunsi Bay VI-STT-16 Spring Bay B 0.0102 STT-17A Spring Bay VI-STT-17 Mandahl Bay subwatershed, offshore B 1.1379 STT-16A Mandahl Bay, STT-18 Coki Point Bay , VI577932 Coki Point VI-STT-18 Water Bay B 0.0845 STT-19 Water Bay, VI591668 Water Bay VI-STT-19 Smith Bay B 0.1187 STT-20 Smith Bay, VI431925 Lindquist Beach VI-STT-20 Smith Bay subwatershed, offshore B 0.4103 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-21 St. John Bay B 0.0411 STT-21A St. John Bay, VI327776 Sapphire Beach VI-STT-22 Red Bay B 0.0078 STT-21B Red Bay VI-STT-23 Vessup Bay B 0.0619 STT-22B Vessup Bay, USGS-50263000 Vessup Bay West VI-STT-24 Red Hook Bay B 0.1772 STT-22A Red Hook Bay, USGS- 2012 USVI Integrated Report 50263500 Vessup Bay East, VI764950 Vessup Bay VI-STT-25 Great Bay B 0.5593 STT-23 Great Bay, VI505006 Bluebeards Beach VI-STT-26 Red Hook Bay, offshore B 0.4725 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-27 St. James Islands, offshore B 0.6691 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-28 Cowpet Bay B 0.0757 STT-24 Cowpet Bay, STT-24A Cowpet Bay West VI-STT-29 St. James Bay B 1.2439 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-30A Northeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore north B 42.927 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-30B Northeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore south B 24.908 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-31 Nazareth Bay B 0.1793 STT-25B Secret Harbour, STT-26, STT-26A Benner Bay, VI389422 Secret Harbor VI-STT-32 Jersey Bay, offshore B 1.2925 STT-25 Nazareth Bay VI-STT-33 Benner Bay B 0.4187 USGS-50265900 Benner Bay South VI-STT-34 Benner Bay Lagoon Marina B 0.0355 STT-27D Mangrove Lagoon, Near LaVida Marina, STT-27E Mangrove Lagoon, Near Compass Point, USGS- 50265700 Benner Bay North VI-STT-35 Mangrove Lagoon B 0.2931 STT-27A Mangrove Lagoon, Near Treatment Plant, STT-27B Mangrove Lagoon, Off Sanitary Landfill (East of EcoTours), STT-27C Mangrove Lagoon, Near Tropical Marine Fuel Dock, USGS-50278800 Mangrove Lagoon West, USGS-50278500 Mangrove Lagoon East VI-STT-36 Frenchman Bay subwatershed, east B 0.3532 STT-28A Bovoni Bay,STT-28B Bolongo Bay, VI951607 Bolongo Bay VI-STT-37 Frenchman Bay B 0.0195 STT-29A Frenchman Bay, VI891065 Frenchman’s Bay VI-STT-38 Limetree Bay B 0.0065 STT-29B Limetree Bay, VI776527 Limetree Bay VI-STT-39 Morningstar Bay B 0.0215 STT-30 Morningstar Bay, VI937158 Morningstar Bay 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-40 Pacquereau Bay B 0.0453 STT-31A Flamboyant Cove VI-STT-41 Frenchman Bay subwatershed, offshore B 2.9233 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-42 Southeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore B 50.939 STT-OFF8 STT South-3, STT-OFF5 STT North2 VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, inner C 0.7495 STT-31B Hassel Island, Off Navy Dock, STT-31C Hassel Island, Careening Cove, STT-32A Long Bay, Near South Dolphin, STT-32B Long Bay, Northeast Corner, STT-33A Long Bay, Off Outfall, STT-33B Long Bay, Off Outfall, STT-34 Long Bay, Off Pump Station, STT-35 Groden Bay, STT-36 St. Thomas Harbor, North of Coast Guard Dock, STT-37 St. Thomas Harbor, Cay Bay, STT-38 Haulover Cut VI-STT-44 St. Thomas Harbor, outer B 1.2128 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-45 Gregerie Channel B 1.7072 STT-1 Crown Bay, Near Outfall, STT- 39 Water Isle, East Gregorie Channel VI-STT-46 Sprat Bay B 0.3814 STT-42 Water Island Sprat Bay VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point C 0.2074 STT-2 Crown Bay, Near Tamarind Outlet, STT-3 Subbase VI-STT-48 Water Isle Hotel, Beach B 0.0057 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-49 Druif Bay B 0.0331 STT-40 Water Isle Hotel, Beach VI-STT-50 Flamingo B 0.061 STT-41 Water Island Flamingo Bay VI-STT-51 Krum Bay C 0.0754 STT-4 Krum Bay VI-STT-52 Lindbergh Bay B 0.2612 STT-5A Lindbergh Bay East, STT-5B Lindbergh Bay West, STT-5C WAPA Outfall, VI514102 Lindberg Bay VI-STT-53 Cyril E. King Airport subwatershed, offshore B 0.8499 STT-6C S.W. Road, Near Red Point Outfall VI-STT-54 Perseverance Bay, offshore B 0.4734 STT-6B College Cove VI-STT-55 Brewers Bay B 0.1076 STT-7A Brewers Bay, VI293962 Brewer’s Bay VI-STT-56 Perseverance Bay B 0.2114 STT-7B Perseverance Bay VI-STT-57 Fortuna Bay B 0.0827 STT-8 Fortuna Bay 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-58 Fortuna Bay subwatershed, offshore B 0.6553 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STT-59 Northwest St. Thomas HUC14, offshore B 77.71 STT-6A Airport Runway, STT-OFF2 STT NW-1, STT-OFF11 STT SW-4 VI-STJ-01 Caneel Bay B 0.2623 STJ-54 Caneel Bay, NPS-1 Caneel Bay, VI658467 Caneel Beach VI-STJ-02 Hawksnest Bay B 0.2246 STJ-44B Hawksnest Bay, NPS-3 Hawksnest (middle beach), NPS-4 Hawksnest (Gibney Beach), VI255380 Oppenheimer VI-STJ-03 Trunk Bay A 0.0685 STJ-44A Trunk Bay, NPS-5 Trunk Bay VI-STJ-04 Hawksnest Bay subwatershed, offshore B 1.7287 NPS-2 Henley Cay VI-STJ-05 Cinnamon Bay B 0.1456 STJ-44C Cinnamon Bay, NPS-6 Peter Bay, NPS-7 Cinnamon Bay VI-STJ-06 Maho Bay/Francis Bay B 0.346 STJ-44D Francis Bay, NPS-8 Maho Bay, NPS-9 Francis Bay, VI536165 Big Maho Bay VI-STJ-07 Maho Bay subwatershed, offshore B 1.6071 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-08 Mary Point B 0.4831 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-09 Leinster Bay B 0.6627 NPS-10 Leinster Bay VI-STJ-10 Minnebeck Bay B 1.4876 NPS-11 Haulover Bay, NPS-30 Newfoundland Bay, NPS-31 Haulover East VI-STJ-11 Newfound Bay B 0.0765 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-12 North St. John HUC14, offshore B 23.719 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-13 Coral Harbor B 0.6965 STJ-56 Johnson Bay, STJ-53 Coral Bay, NPS-15 Coral Bay Dock, NPS-16 Johnson Bay, VI823989 Johnson’s Bay VI-STJ-14 Hurricane Hole B 0.7689 NPS-13 Water Creek, NPS-14 Princess Bay VI-STJ-15 Round Bay B 0.6015 STJ-57 Round Bay VI-STJ-16 Coral Bay B 2.2337 STJ-58 Privateer Bay, NPS-12 Long Point VI-STJ-17 Salt Pond Bay B 0.1978 STJ-52 Salt Pond Bay, NPS-17 Salt 2012 USVI Integrated Report Pond Bay VI-STJ-18 Grootman Bay B 0.1046 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-19 Great Lameshur Bay B 0.359 STJ-51 Great Lameshur Bay, STJ-50 Little Lameshur Bay, NPS-18 Great Lameshur Bay, NPS-19 Yowsi Point, NPS-20 Little Lameshur Bay VI-STJ-20 Southeast St. John HUC14, offshore B 24.319 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-21 Genti Bay, nearshore B 0.0947 STJ-49 Genti Bay, NPS-21 Reef Bay VI-STJ-22 Genti Bay, offshore B 0.769 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-23 Fish Bay B 0.2103 STJ-48 Fish Bay, NPS-22 Fish Bay VI-STJ-24 Fish Bay subwatershed, offshore B 0.1824 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-25 Rendezvous Bay B 0.4677 STJ-47 Rendezvous Bay, NPS-23 Rendezvous Bay, VI204627 Klain Bay, VI402599 Hart Bay VI-STJ-26 Chocolate Hole B 0.1004 STJ-46 Chocolate Hole, NPS-24 Chocolate Hole,VI391298 Chocolate Hole VI-STJ-27 Rendezvous Bay subwatershed, offshore B 0.1863 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-28 Great Cruz Bay B 0.1396 STJ-45 Great Cruz Bay. NPS-25 Great Cruz Bay, VI779192 Great Cruz Bay VI-STJ-29 Turner Bay/Enighed Pond B, 0.057 STJ-55 Turner Bay, NPS-26 Turner Bay VI-STJ-30 Cruz Bay B 0.0674 STJ-43A Cruz Bay, North, STJ-43B Cruz Bay, South, STJ-43C Cruz Bay, North of Seaplane Ramp, STJ-43D Cruz Bay Creek North, NPS-27 Cruz Bay (ferry dock), NPS-28 Cruz Bay (airplane ramp), NPS-29 Cruz Bay (NPS dock), VI309453 Cruz Bay VI-STJ-31 Great Cruz Bay watershed, offshore B 0.5775 VI456779 Frank Bay 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-32 Southwest St. John HUC14, offshore B 10.142 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STJ-33 Pillsbury Sound B 6.9399 STJ-OFF13 STJ West-4 VI-STC-01 Frederiksted, south B 0.0451 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-02 Frederiksted Harbor C 0.035 STC-28 Frederiksted Pier, STC-29 Frederiksted Public Beach, VI970611 F’sted (Fst. Target) VI-STC-03 Lagrange subwatershed, offshore B 0.375 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-04 Prosperity, nearshore B 0.1118 VI252619 Rainbow (Prosperity) VI-STC-05 Prosperity subwatershed, offshore B 0.5129 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-06 Sprat Hall Beach B 0.0609 STC-30 Sprat Hall Beach, VI645288 Sprat Hall VI-STC-07 Creque Dam/Butler Bay B 0.529 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-08 Hams Bay B 0.3144 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-09 Davis Bay B 0.0522 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-10 Hams Bluff B 0.5506 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-11 Northwest St. Croix HUC14, offshore B 33.302 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-12 Cane Bay B 0.0613 STC-32 Cane Bay, VI201013 Cane Bay VI-STC-13 Baron Bluff subwatershed B 0.3498 STC-31 Davis Bay, VI398766 Davis Bay VI-STC-14 Belvedere B 0.0557 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-15 Northside subwatershed B 0.6109 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-16 Salt River Lagoon, Marina B 0.0194 STC-33 Salt River Marina, STC-33C Salt River Lagoon, Marina VI-STC-17 Salt River Lagoon, Sugar Bay B 0.3244 STC-33D Salt River Lagoon, Sugar Bay VI-STC-18 Salt River Bay B 0.3229 STC-33A,B,(E-J-no longer monitored) Salt River (Columbus Landing Beach), 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI146901 Gentle Winds, VI558328 Columbus Landing VI-STC-19 Judith Fancy B 0.01 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-20 Salt River Bay subwatershed, west B 0.2433 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-21 Salt River Bay subwatershed, east B 0.8922 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-22 Northcentral St. Croix HUC14, offshore B 23.61 STC-OFF4 North-2, STC-OFF11 North-4 VI-STC-23 St. Croix-By-the- Sea B 0.0727 STC- 34 St. Croix-By-the-Sea, VI738082 Pelican Cove VI-STC-24 Long Reef Backreef, west C 0.1153 STC-48 Long Reef Backreef, west VI-STC-25 Princess subwatershed, offshore B 0.4343 STC-35 Long Reef Forereef West VI-STC-26 Christiansted Harbor C 0.9601 STC-37 Christiansted Harbor Entrance West, STC-40 St. Croix Marine, STC- 41 Gallows Bay, STC-42 Public Wharf, STC-43 Water Gut Storm Drain, STC- 44 Protestant Cay Beach, STC-45 Christiansted Harbor, STC-46 WAPA Intake, STC-47 Mill Harbor Condominium Beach, STC-49 Long Reef Back Reef East, VI572166 Condo Row (Princess), VI359239 Protestant Cay VI-STC-27 Long Reef Forereef, east B 0.3149 STC-36 Long Reef Forereef East, STC- 35A LBJ (Pump Station) Outfall VI-STC-28 Altona Lagoon B 0.2337 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-29 Christiansted Harbor, east C 0.1089 STC-1 Lagoon Recreational Beach ,STC-39 Altona Lagoon Inlet, VI213332 New Fort Louise Augusta VI-STC-30 Beauregard Bay B 0.2145 STC-2 Ft. Louise Augusta Beach, STC- 38 Christiansted Harbour Entrance- East, VI651587 Buccaneer VI-STC-31 Buccaneer Beach B 0.0166 STC-3 Buccaneer Hotel VI-STC-32 Altona Lagoon subwatershed, offshore B 0.6812 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-33 Punnett Bay B 0.0576 VI610321 Shoy’s VI-STC-34 Punnett Point, east B 0.0223 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-35 Tamarind Reef Lagoon (Southgate Lagoon) B 0.0205 STC-4 Tamarind Reef Lagoon VI-STC-36 Green Cay Beach B 0.1017 VI563397 Chenay Bay Beach VI-STC-37 Southgate subwatershed, offshore B 2.2219 STC-5 Green Cay Beach VI-STC-38 Solitude Backreef B 0.9681 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-39 Teague Bay B 0.1773 STC-8 Reef Club Beach, STC-9 St. Croix Yacht Club Beach, VI381319 Teague Bay (Reef) VI-STC-40 Teague Bay Backreef B 0.8547 STC-10 Cramers Park, VI351774 Cramer’s Park VI-STC-41 Buck Island Backreef A 0.7675 STC-6 Buck Island Backreef, STC-7 Buck Island Anchorage VI-STC-42 Buck Island Forereef A 3.3497 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-43 Solitude and Teague Bay subwatersheds, offshore B 18.822 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-44 Northeast St. Croix HUC14, offshore. B 36.088 STC-OFF8 North-3 VI-STC-45 Isaac Bay B 0.0853 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-46 Grapetree Bay B 0.0425 STC-11B Isaacs Bay Forereef VI-STC-47 Turner Hole Backreef B 0.2772 STC-12 Grapetree Beach, VI297470 Grapetree Beach VI-STC-48 Turner Hole subwatershed, offshore B 16.949 STC-OFF5 East-2 VI-STC-49 Madam Carty Backreef B 0.464 STC-13B Robin Bay VI-STC-50 Madam Carty, offshore B 3.5161 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-51 Great Pond B 0.1578 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-52 Great Pond Bay B 1.0184 STC-13A Great Pond Bay VI-STC-53 Great Pond Bay B 3.0288 STC-OFF13 SE-4 2012 USVI Integrated Report subwatershed, offshore VI-STC-54 Leprey Valley Backreef B 0.3712 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-55 Leprey Valley subwatershed, offshore B 2.8455 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-56 Bugby Hole Backreef B 0.7042 STC-14A Halfpenny Bay - Manchenil ,STC-14B Halfpenny Backreef, VI931289, Halfpenny VI-STC-57 Bugby Hole subwatershed, offshore B 3.9 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-58 Southeast St. Croix HUC14, offshore B 24.146 STC-OFF2 SE-1, STC-OFF10 SE-3 VI-STC-59 Canegarden Bay B 0.8542 STC-15 Canegarden Bay VI-STC-60 Canegarden Bay, offshore B 0.7933 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-61 Hess Oil Virgin Islands Harbor C 0.671 STC-16 HOVENSA East Turning Basin, NW Corner, STC-17 HOVENSA West Turning Basin, NW Corner VI-STC-62 Limetree Bay B 0.7239 STC-18 Limetree Bay Container Port VI-STC-63 Martin-Marietta Alumina Harbor C 0.3228 STC-19 Krause Lagoon Channel, STC- 20 Alumina Plant Dock VI-STC-64 Manning Bay/Estate Anguilla Beach B 0.0508 STC-23 Public Dump VI-STC-65 HOVENSA, west B 1.2865 STC-22A Treatment Plant (POTW) Outfall STC-21 Spoils Island (Ruth Island) VI-STC-66 HOVENSA subwatershed, offshore B 2.8305 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-67 Southports St. Croix HUC14, offshore B 8.1966 STC-OFF9 SW-3 VI-STC-68 Bethlehem subwatershed, inshore B 0.2149 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-69 Bethlehem subwatershed, offshore B 0.3971 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-70 Airport, nearshore B 2.1943 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-71 Airport, offshore B 4.263 STC-OFF6 South-2 VI-STC-72 Airport St. Croix HUC14, offshore B 4.1803 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-73 Diamond, nearshore B 0.1699 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-74 Enfield Green Beach/VIRIL Outfall B 0.1376 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-75 Diamond subwatershed, offshore B 2.8479 STC-24B Rum Plant (VI Rum) Outfall VI-STC-76 Carlton Beach B 0.2447 STC-25 Long Point VI-STC-77 Long Point Bay B 0.8376 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-78 Long Point Bay subwatershed, offshore B 4.9231 STC-OFF12 SW-4 VI-STC-79 Good Hope Beach B 0.1876 STC-26 Good Hope Beach VI-STC-80 Sandy Point, nearshore south B 2.0121 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-81 Sandy Point, offshore south B 7.4306 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-82 Sandy Point, nearshore west B 0.1158 STC-27 Sandy Point Public Beach, VI896490 Dorsch Bay, VI907985 Stony Ground VI-STC-83 Sandy Point, offshore west B 0.4875 There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. VI-STC-84 Southwest St. Croix HUC14, offshore B 18.347 STC-OFF3 SW-1 B. Classifications, Total Waters and Applicable Standards The information on Water Quality Criteria by Classification and pollutant are summarized in Table II. B.1, below, which closely follows the wording of Virgin Islands Rules and Regulations. Designated Uses of Class A Waters: Preservation of natural phenomena requiring special conditions, such as the Natural Barrier Reef at Buck Island, St. Croix and the Under Water Trail at Trunk Bay, St. John. These are outstanding 2012 USVI Integrated Report natural resource waters that cannot be altered except towards natural conditions. No new or increased dischargers shall be permitted. Legal Limits of Class A waters include: (i) Within 0.5 miles of the boundaries of Buck Island’s Natural Barrier Reef, St. Croix. (ii) Trunk Bay, St. John Designated Uses of Class B Waters: For maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened, endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the Federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code) and for primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). This Class allows minimal changes in structure of the biotic community and minimal changes in ecosystem function. Virtually all native taxa are maintained with some changes in biomass and/or abundance; ecosystem functions are fully maintained within the range of natural variability. Legal Limits of Class B waters defined as all other coastal waters not classified Class “A” or Class ”C”. In addition, those Class “B” waters not covered by color and turbidity criteria in Section 186- 3(b)(11) [T. 12, Ch. 7] include: (i) St. Thomas coastal waters-Mandahl Bay (Marina), Vessup Bay, Water Bay, Benner Bay, and the Mangrove lagoon (ii) St. Croix Coastal Waters-Carlton Beach, Good Hope Beach, Salt River Lagoon (Marina), Salt River Lagoon (Sugar Bay), Estate Anguilla Beach, Buccaneer Beach, Tamarind Reef Lagoon, Green Cay Beach and Enfield Green Beach. (iii) All non-marine waters defined as all Virgin Islands waters shoreward of the mean high- tide line. All other Class “B” waters are covered by the color and turbidity criteria in section 186-3(b)(11)(B) of this subchapter. Designated Uses of Class C Waters: For maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened and endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the Federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code) and for primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). This Class allows for evident changes in structure of the biotic community and minimal changes in ecosystem function. Evident changes in structure due to loss of some rare native taxa; shifts in relative abundance of taxa (community structure) are allowed but sensitive-ubiquitous taxa remain common and abundant; ecosystem functions are fully maintained through redundant attributes of the system. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Legal limits of Class C Waters defined as: St. Thomas: (a) St. Thomas Harbor beginning at Rupert Rock and extending to Haulover Cut. (b) Crown Bay enclosed by a line from Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point at West Gregerie Channel. (c) Krum Bay St. Croix: (a) Christiansted Harbor from Fort Louise Augusta to Golden Rock, along the waterfront and seaward to include the navigational channels and mooring areas. (b) Frederiksted Harbor from La Grange to Fisher Street and seaward to the end of the Frederiksted Pier. (c) Hess Oil Virgin Islands Harbor (alternatively named HOVENSA Harbor). (d) Martin-Marietta Alumina Harbor (alternatively named Port Alucroix or St. Croix Renaissance Group Harbor). St. John: (a) Enighed Pond Bay Table II.B.1 Summary of US Virgin Islands Water Quality Criteria Class A Quality criteria: Existing natural conditions shall not be changed. The biological condition shall be similar or equivalent to reference condition for biological integrity. In no case shall Class B water quality standards be exceeded. Criterion Class B Class C Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 5.5 mg/l from other than natural conditions Not less than 5.0 mg/l from other than natural conditions 2012 USVI Integrated Report pH <8.3 Tolerable Limit >7.0 Normal range of pH must not be extended at any location by more than ±0.1 pH unit. <8.5 Tolerable Limit>6.7 Normal range of pH must not be extended at any location by more than ±0.1 pH unit. Temperature Not to exceed 32° Celsius at any time, nor as a result of waste discharge to be greater than 1°C above normal. Not to exceed 32° Celsius at any time, nor as a result of waste discharge to be greater than 1°C above normal. Bacteria A geometric (log) mean of 70fecal coliforms per 100 ml by MF or MPN count Not to exceed a geometric mean of 35 enterococci per 100 ml, not to exceed a single sample maximum of 104 per 100 ml at any time. A geometric (log) mean of 200 fecal coliforms per 100 ml by MF or MPN count Not to exceed a geometric mean of 35 enterococci per 100 ml, not to exceed a single sample maximum of 104 per 100 ml at any time Chlorine The 4-day average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 7.5 ug/l. The 1-hour average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 13 ug/l The 4-day average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 7.5 ug/l. The 1-hour average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 13 ug/l Phosphorus Total P shall not exceed 50 ug/L in any coastal waters Total P shall not exceed 50 ug/L in any coastal waters Suspended, colloidal or settleable solids None from wastewater sources which will cause disposition or be deleterious for the designated uses shall be present in any waters. None from wastewater sources which will cause disposition or be deleterious for the designated uses shall be present in any waters. Oil and Floating substances No residue attributable to waste water. No visible film; no globules of grease shall be present in any waters. No residue attributable to waste water. No visible film; no globules of grease shall be present in any waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Radioactivity Gross Beta: 1000 picocuries per liter, in the absence of Sr 90 and alpha emitters Radium-226: 3 picocuries per liter Strontium-90: 10 picocuries per liter Same as Class B Taste and Odor None in amounts to interfere with use for primary contact recreation, potable water supply or to render undesirable taste or odor to edible aquatic life Same as Class B Color and Turbidity  A secchi disc shall be visible at a minimum depth of one meter  A maximum nephelometric turbidity unit reading of three (3) shall be permissible  A secchi disc shall be visible at a minimum depth of one meter Toxicity The applicable numeric water quality standards for toxic pollutants to protect the designated uses of waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall be the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) national recommended Clean Water Act section 304(a) water quality criteria, EPA's Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology (4304T), 2006, which is incorporated by reference for: the protection of saltwater aquatic life from acute (criterion maximum concentration) and chronic (criterion continuous concentration) effects; and, the protection of human health from the consumption of organisms. The applicable criteria may be found at: http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/wqctable/index.html Biocriteria The Territory shall preserve, protect, and restore water resources to their most natural condition. The condition of these waterbodies shall be determined from measures of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of each waterbody class, according to its designated use. As a component of these measures, the Territory may consider the biological integrity of the benthic communities living within waters. These communities shall be assessed by comparison to reference conditions(s) with similar abiotic and biotic environmental settings that represent the optimal or least 2012 USVI Integrated Report disturbed condition for that system. Such reference conditions shall be those observed to support the greatest community diversity, and abundance of aquatic life as is expected to be or has been historically found in natural settings essentially undisturbed or minimally disturbed by human impacts, development, or discharges. This condition shall be determined by consistent sampling and reliable measures of selected indicator communities of flora and/or fauna and may be used in conjunction with other measures of water quality. Waters shall be of a sufficient quality to support a resident biological community as defined by metrics based upon reference conditions. These narrative biological criteria shall apply to fresh water, wetlands, estuarine, mangrove, seagrass, coral reef and other marine ecosystems based upon their respective reference conditions and metrics. General water quality criteria These waters shall be free of substances attributable to municipal, industrial, or other discharges or wastes as follows: (1) Materials that will settle to form objectionable deposits. (2) Floating debris, oils, scum, and other matter. (3) Substances producing objectionable color, odor, taste, or turbidity. (4) Materials, including radionuclides, in concentrations or combinations which are toxic or which produce undesirable physiological responses in human, fish and other animal life, and plants. (5) Substances and conditions or combinations thereof in concentrations which produce undesirable aquatic life. (6) Exotic or aquatic nuisance species. All waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall meet generally accepted aesthetic qualifications and shall be capable of supporting diversified aquatic life. "Waters" of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall be defined, as follows, as in 12 V.I.C. § 182(f) (2013); "Waters of the United States Virgin Islands" means all waters within the jurisdiction of the United States Virgin Islands including all harbors, streams, lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs, marshes, water-courses, water-ways, wells, springs, irrigation systems, drainage systems and all other bodies or accumulations of water, surface and underground, natural or artificial, public or private, situated wholly or partly within or bordering upon the United States Virgin Islands, including the territorial seas, contiguous zones, and oceans." 2012 USVI Integrated Report The USVI Water Quality Standards were revised during the previous reporting cycle. The standards were promulgated in June 2010. The assessments outlined in this report were made based on the 2010 USVI Water Quality Standards. Table II.B.2 Area of Water Classes by Island St. Croix St. Thomas St. John Total Class A 4.1172 sq. miles --- 0.0685 sq. miles 4.1857 sq. miles Class B 244.89 sq. miles 272.95 sq. miles 79.958 sq. miles 597.8 sq. miles Class C 2.2132 sq. miles 1.0323 sq. miles --- 3.2454 sq. miles Total 251.2204 sq. miles 273.9823 sq. miles 80.0265 sq. miles 605.23 sq. miles Figure II.B.2 Spatial Distribution of St. Croix Coastal Water Classes 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure II.B.3 Spatial Distribution of St. Thomas/St. John Coastal Water Classes Water quality standards for each class of designated use are provided in Table II.B.1. Water Quality Standards to Address Drinking Water Use Attainment The water quality standards do not address drinking water use attainment. Since most of the USVI’s drinking water supply comes from seawater purified by flash desalinization or reverse osmosis and from traditional rainwater cisterns (still required for all new construction) most national drinking water issues directed at surface or groundwater resources are moot in the Virgin Islands. There are no drinking water source-based quality standards available for organic compounds (volatile, synthetic, herbicides, pesticides and PCB), inorganic compounds, unregulated chemicals, and radiological contaminants that apply to the ocean surrounding the US Virgin Islands because ocean water does not fit the definition of surface water under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Standards do exist under the Virgin Islands Rules and Regulations that demand natural existing conditions for waters designated Class A remain unchanged. Waters designated Class B should not exceed 70 fecal coliform per 100mL and waters designated Class C should not exceed 200 fecal coliform per 100mL. All waters of the Virgin Islands should not exceed a geometric mean of 35 enterococci per 100 ml or not to exceed a single sample maximum of 104 per 100 ml at any time. The reason that drinking water source-based standards are not developed in the US Virgin Islands is that drinking water is generally derived from cisterns holding rainwater at each house, or supplemented for public housing and in droughts and other emergencies by desalinization of seawater, as a co-generation by-product of the Virgin Islands 2012 USVI Integrated Report Water and Power Authority. The Water and Power Authority in St. Croix maintains some public water supply wells. No surface water is used directly for any drinking water supply, although questions have been raised about whether sea water intakes of contaminated water is capable of passing bacterial contamination through the relatively low temperature (60° C) flash desalinization processes. C. Water Pollution Control Program Under the Water Pollution Control Grant (pursuant to CWA §106), the V.I. Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR), Division of Environmental Protection (DEP) is entrusted with the task of monitoring the marine waters of the USVI, and controlling the discharges into those waters. To accomplish this task the Water Pollution Control Program (WPC) is organized into the following sub-programs:  TERMINAL FACILITY LICENSE AND INSPECTION PROGRAM (now managed by Underground Storage Tank/Groundwater Program)  AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM (now managed by Water Quality Management Program)  TMDL DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM (now managed by Water Quality Management Program)  TERRIORIAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEMS PERMITTING AND COMPLIANCE PROGRAM  VIRGIN ISLANDS BEACH MONITORING PROGRAM (now managed by Water Quality Management Program) Now there is only one WPC sub-program that this report will concentrate its focus on it is as follows: 1. The Territorial Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems (TPDES) Permitting and Compliance Program permits and monitors point source waste streams, which are discharged into the waters of the VI, in accordance with the VI Water Quality Standards. 1. Territorial Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems Program The Territorial Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems (TPDES) Permitting and Compliance Program is a federally delegated program which determines what waste streams are allowed to be discharged into the waters of the Virgin Islands, TPDES Permits are issued in accordance to Title 12, Chapter 7 §184-11 of the Virgin Islands Rules and Regulations states, that “…no person shall discharge or cause a discharge of any pollutant without a TPDES permit having been issued to such person…” TPDES permits require that point source discharges of pollution be monitored by the permittee (facility), and the self-monitoring results are submitted to DPNR-DEP and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Additionally, DPNR-DEP conducts compliance inspections and monitoring at all facilities that have been issued TPDES permits on an annual basis to ensure compliance. There are three types of compliance inspections conducted at TPDES permitted facilities throughout the Territory - Compliance Sampling Inspections, Compliance Evaluation 2012 USVI Integrated Report Inspections and Pump Station Inspections, which are conducted on a quarterly basis at the Territory’s Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW). If a facility is repeatedly found to be in non-compliance with its TPDES permit or has been found to violate the USVI’s Water Quality Standards, enforcement actions may be taken against the facility. The enforcement action usually outlines corrective actions necessary for the facility to return to compliance and, if deemed necessary, fines may also be assessed. Facilities that are enforced against are usually granted the opportunity to work closely with the Department to develop a compliance schedule that sets the timeline the facility will use to achieve compliance. If necessary or when requested, DPNR-DEP may work closely with the USEPA and the Department of Justice (DOJ) to address major enforcement cases. Cases of this nature included an ongoing case against the Department of Public Works which is currently under Federal Consent Decree for unpermitted discharges caused by sewage treatment infrastructure problems throughout the Territory. In such cases, DEP is called upon to monitor the facility in question and produce supporting inspection reports and other pertinent documentation. Regulated discharges and discharge sites include sewage treatment plant outfalls (both public and private facilities), brine discharges from reverse osmosis (and other technology) freshwater production plants, industrial facility process water discharges, and industrial facility drainage discharge. The TPDES Program currently regulates discharges from sewage treatment plant outfalls (both public and private facilities), brine discharges from reverse osmosis, desalination freshwater production plants, industrial facility process water discharges. TPDES Program has several components, all under the auspices of the Division of Environmental Protection: • TPDES Permit Issuance; • TPDES Compliance Inspections: Compliance Evaluation (CEI), Compliance Sampling (CSI) and Pump Station Inspections (PSI); and • Enforcement TPDES Permit Issuance: Territorial TPDES permits are issued with effluent limitations pertinent to Federal and Local Regulations. The major industrial dischargers, which have permitted discharges of over 1 MGD, include, the HOVENSA Oil Refinery, VI Rum Distillery, St. Croix Renaissance Group, Water and Power Authority in the St. Croix district; the Water and Power Authority and the Marriott Frenchman’s Reef on St. Thomas. The major municipal dischargers include the St. Croix POTW, Mangrove Lagoon POTW and Charlotte Amalie POTW. The TPDES Program also permits a number of minor industrial and municipal facilities. Table II.C.1 US Virgin Islands TPDES Permits, 2010 and 2011 2012 USVI Integrated Report PERMIT NUMBER FACILITY NAME ISLAND VI0039870 AMERICAN YACHT HARBOR ST. THOMAS VI0040517 ANCHORAGE CONDOMINIUMS ST. THOMAS VI0040495 BLUEBEARDS BEACH CLUB & VILLAS ST. THOMAS VI0080012 BLOGONGO BAY BEACH RESORT ST. THOMAS VI0039977 BORDEAUX WWTP ST. THOMAS VI0039811 BRASSVIEW WWTP ST. THOMAS VI0040215 CABRITA SERVICES, INC. ST. THOMAS VI0080055 CALABASH BOOM WWTF ST. JOHN VI0039837 CANEEL BAY INC. ST. JOHN VI0020010 CHEVRON PUERTO RICO ST. THOMAS VI0040401 COMPASS POINT MARINA ST. THOMAS VI0040291 CORAL WORLD INC. ST. THOMAS VI0080071 CORY NEWBLOM LOVANGO CAY VI0039900 COWPET BAY EAST CONDOMINIUM ST. THOMAS VI0039853 COWPET BAY WEST CONDOMINIUM ST. THOMAS VI0040444 DOROTHEA BEACH CONDOMINUM ST. THOMAS VI0080021 DVERGSTEM COMPANY INC. (LIMA) ST. THOMAS VI0040321 ELYSIAN BEACH RESORT ST. THOMAS VI0040584 ESSENCE PROPERTIES HASSEL ISLAND VI0039829 FRENCHMAN'S REEF ST. THOMAS VI0040622 GALLOWS POINT ST. JOHN VI0040266 GEORGE SIMMONDS WWTP ST. JOHN VI0040207 H & V HEAVY EQUIPMENT ST. THOMAS VI0040801 HULL BAY HIDEAWAY ST. THOMAS VI0080098 JOHN MARKUS TRUST LOVANGO CAY VI0040738 LAKES WATER SERVICE ST. THOMAS VI0040525 LITTLE ST. JAMES LITTLE ST. JAMES VI0080047 LOVENLUND ST. THOMAS VI0040614 MAHOGANY RUN ST. THOMAS VI0040746 MARKET SQUARE EAST WWTP ST. THOMAS VI0040193 POINT PLEASANT RESORT ST. THOMAS VI0080063 RAPHUNE VISTAS ST. THOMAS VI0040479 RITZ CARLTON ST. THOMAS VI0039934 SAPPHIRE BAY CONDOMINIUM WEST ST. THOMAS VI0040312 SAPPHIRE BEACH RESORT ST. THOMAS VI0040029 SAPPHIRE VILLAGE CONDOMINIUM ST. THOMAS VI0040398 SECRET HABOUR BEACH RESORT ST. THOMAS VI0080004 SECRET HABOUR HOUSE III ST. THOMAS VI0040452 ST. JOHN WAPA ST. JOHN VI0040835 ST. JOHN WMA (CRUZ BAY) ST. JOHN VI0039993 ST. THOMAS DAIRIES (TRANS-CARIBBEAN DAIRY) ST. THOMAS VI0000060 ST. THOMAS WAPA ST. THOMAS VI0002003 ST. THOMAS WMA (MANGROVE LAGOON) WWTP ST. THOMAS VI0020044 ST. THOMAS WMA (Red Point) WWTP ST. THOMAS VI0040461 SUGAR BAY CLUB & RESORT ST. THOMAS VI0040703 TOTAL PETROLEUM TUTU SERVICE STATION ST. THOMAS VI0080080 TUTU PARK MALL ST. THOMAS VI0020133 VESSUP BAY WWTP ST. THOMAS 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI0040762 VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL GUARD - USVI ST. THOMAS VI0040606 WATER POINT ESTATES ST. THOMAS VI0040134 WATERGATE VILLAS CONDOMINIUMS ST. THOMAS VI0040151 WESTIN ST. JOHN HOTEL ST. JOHN PERMIT NUMBER FACILITY NAME ISLAND VI0050024 ST. CROIX RENAISSANCE GROUP, LLLP ST. CROIX VI0000019 HOVENSA, LLC ST. CROIX VI0020052 CRUZAN VIRIL LTD. ST. CROIX VI0000051 V.I. WATER & POWER AUTHORITY - STX ST. CROIX VI0020036 STX POTW - ANGUILLA ST. CROIX VI0040240 RADISSON CARAMBOLA BEACH ST. CROIX VI0040916 CANDLE REEF II ASSOCIATION ST. CROIX VI0040231 GRAPETREE SHORES INC. (DIVI RESORT) ST. CROIX VI0050202 ST. CROIX FINANCIAL CENTER, INC. ST. CROIX VI0040886 NO. 7 SHOYS BEACH ST. CROIX VI0040878 THE REEF ASSOCIATES ST. CROIX VI0050032 COAKLEY BAY CONDOMINIUMS ST. CROIX VI0050229 GENTLE WINDS CONDOMINIUMS ST. CROIX VI0050326 GRAPETREE BAY HOTEL ST. CROIX VI0003042 KRYSTAL SPRINGS ST. CROIX VI0050245 CARDEN BEACH FACILITIES ASSOC. ST. CROIX Construction General Permit Coverages – FY2010 and FY2011 PERMIT NUMBER FACILITY NAME TYPE ISLAND VIGSA0001 Reliance Housing Services, LLC. (Calabash Boom Affordable Housing) Stormwater St. John VIGSA0002 K&C Development Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0008 Caribbean Petroleum Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0010 WMA - Susannaburg Transfer Station Stormwater St. John VIGSA0012 Raphune Vistas Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0014 Greathouse Estates Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0016 Pond Bay Club Stormwater St. John VIGSA0018 St. Thomas Regional Library & Archives Center Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0020 All Saints Cathedral School Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0022 Federal Highway Administration - Virgin Islands National Park's North Shore Road Stormwater St. John 2012 USVI Integrated Report VIGSA0024 Boynes and 3RC Inc. Trucking System Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0026 Meridian on the Green Condominiums Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0028 Estate Tutu Apartments Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0030 GEC, LLC. (Donoe Apartments) (A.K.A. Grandview Apartments) Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0032 DCM (Foothills Professional Building) Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0034 Michael Milne (Bordeaux Mountains) Stormwater St. John VIGSA0036 Roger Minkoff (Governor's Gate) Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0038 Market Square East Expansion Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0040 Caribbean Cultural Center Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0042 Walgreen's St. Thomas Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0044 Whispering Hills at Donoe Stormwater St. Thomas VIGSA0046 No. 481-1 Estate Chocolate Hole Gas Station, Convenience Store & Apartment Stormwater St. Thomas PERMIT NUMBER FACILITY NAME TYPE ISLAND VIGSA0009 C'sted Bypass Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0013 Golden Gaming Resorts Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0017 Montpellier Small Farmers Project Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0019 DPW - Scenic Drive Road Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0023 Southgate Crossing Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0025 Ruparelia Ratan Sub Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0027 Home Depot - Pad Preparation Only Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0029 DPW - Project 70-11_Queen Mary HW Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0033 DIAGEO - Facility Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0035 Carlton Condos (GEC) Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0037 Sunny Isle Parking Lot Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0041 No 1-D Concordia Sub Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0045 Bonne Esperance Sub Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0047 Ruparelia Sion Hill Sub Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0049 R&T Park Stormwater St. Croix 2012 USVI Integrated Report VIGSA0053 Sandy Point Road Improvements Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0055 CVL Evap Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0057 Iglesia Pentacostal Church Project Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0059 Louis E. Brown Construction Project Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0061 Bonne Esperance Subdivision - Graci Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0063 VING Bethlehem Project Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0065 CVL Molasses Tanks Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0069 26 Rattan Subdivision Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0071 St. Croix VIWMA Transfer Station Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0073 Anguilla Landfill Closure Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0075 UVI Athletic Field Project Stormwater St. Croix VIGSA0076 1Aa&1Bb Mt. Welcome Project Stormwater St. Croix Wastewater General Permit Coverages – FY2010 and FY2011 PERMIT NUMBER FACILITY NAME ISLAND VIGWA0001 ROBERT KAUFMAN RESIDENCE St. Croix VIGWA0003 DUANE BOBECK RESIDENCE St. Croix VIGWA0005 JOHN VAN STEENBERG RESIDENCE St. Croix VIGWA0007 LIONEL JACOBS RESIDENCE St. Croix VIGWA0009 CHRIS POWERS RESIDENCE St. Croix VIGWA0011 RICHARD BORCK RESIDENCE St. Croix PERMIT NUMBER FACILITY NAME ISLAND VIGWA0002 Rance Pion St. Thomas VIGWA0004 Sean Lynch Residence St. Thomas 2012 USVI Integrated Report TPDES Compliance Inspections: A schedule of compliance evaluation inspections (CEI) and compliance sampling inspections (CSI) is incorporated into the WPC program work-plan. In general, DEP staff conducts a CSI at major facilities and POTWs annually. Generally, facilities with minor permits receive only an annual CEI. Table II.C.2 Summary of TPDES Activities, FY2010 - 2011 FY2010 St. Thomas/St. John St. Croix CEI 30 6 CSI 7 5 Supplementary 5 - SCI 1 7 FY2011 St. Thomas/St. John St. Croix CEI 43 6 CSI 4 4 Supplementary 6 - SCI 1 13 Additional inspections are conducted at the Territorial POTWs, including the major and minor pump stations. These inspections are scheduled quarterly. Table II.C.3 Supplementary POTW Inspections: TPDES Activities, FY2010 - 2011 FY2010 and FY2011 Legend C-Compliance Evaluation Inspection Facility Name Permit # Type Quarter St. Thomas Pump Stations VI0039811 VI0039977 VI0020044 VI0002003 VI0020133 PSI (C) 1st-4th St. John Pump Stations VI0040835 VI0040266 PSI (C) St. Croix Pump Station VI0020036 PSI (C) 2012 USVI Integrated Report S-Compliance Sampling Inspection AOE-Affidavit of Exemption PSI-Pump Station Inspections MMI-Multi-Media Inspection ECS-Enforcement Case Support 2. Enforcement Actions Violations within the TPDES program can come from non-compliance with permitted effluent limits, or failure to report monitoring as required by the permit. This includes any special conditions contained within the permit. For example, St. Croix POTW permit requires the permittee to take several specific actions in the event of a bypass. Violations issued by DEP during this reporting period were: Table II.C.4 Summary of TPDES Enforcement Activities, FY 2010 - 2011 FY2010 Against Type Status HOVENSA LLC NOV Drafted VIWMA NOV Issued (Consent Decree) Food Center NOV Pending Carambola NOV Settled Renaissance NOV Pending Chris Powers AO Issued FY2011 Against Type Status Frenchman’s Reef NOV Issued and Settled Food Center NOV Settled VIWMA (STX) AO Drafted, Revoked VI National Guard (STX) AO Issued Caneel Bay NOV NOV Drafted DIVI NOV NOV Drafted Chris Powers NOV Pending Krystal Springs AO Issued and Settled Richard Borck AO Pending Lionel Jacobs AO Pending Carambola NOV Issued and Settled VIMA (Barron Spot Lift Station) NOV Issued and Settled Renaissance NOV Pending VIWAPA NOV Pending HOVENSA LLC NOV Re-Drafted 2012 USVI Integrated Report WPC continued to participate in the Department of Justice Teleconferences which discussed the Department of Public Works/Waste Management Authority’s compliance with the Consent Decree. D. Non-Point Source Program Non-point source pollution, in the form of polluted runoff, impairs more water bodies than any other source of pollution in the Virgin Islands. Non-point source pollution in the Virgin Islands is caused by rainfall moving over and through the ground. As runoff moves, it picks up and carries away both natural pollutants and pollutants resulting from human activities. These pollutants include sediments, nutrients, pesticides, and toxic substances such as hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Eventually these pollutants are deposited in wetlands, coastal waters and ground water. There are numerous problems associated with non-point source pollution. Two of the major non- point source problems affecting the Virgin Islanders are sedimentation and bacterial contamination.  Sedimentation occurs when soil is eroded from the land surface, such as at construction sites, and deposited onto the land surface or into coastal water bodies. Sedimentation results in problems such as habitat losses and marine life mortality.  Bacterial contamination from sources such as failed septic systems, runoff from animal operations, and sewage discharged from boats can cause serious threats to human health THE NPS PROGRAM ACTIVITY MEASURES: 1. Waterbodies identified by States (in 2000 or subsequent years) as being primarily nonpoint source-impaired that will be partially or fully restored (cumulative). There are fourteen waterbodies identified with established total maximum daily loads (TMDL) as listed below: 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table II.D.1 TMDLs Established for the USVI TMDL Water body TMDL Impairment TMDL Established Benner Bay Dissolved Oxygen Sept 30, 2003 Benner Bay Lagoon Dissolved Oxygen Mangrove Lagoon Biological Oxygen Demand Salt River Bay Dissolved Oxygen Sept 24, 2004 Salt River Bay Lagoon Dissolved Oxygen Salt River Lagoon, Marina Dissolved Oxygen Salt River Lagoon, Sugar Bay Dissolved Oxygen Great Cruz Bay, St. John Oil & Grease Sept, 29 2005 Red Hook Bay, St. Thomas Oil & Grease Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point, St. Thomas Oil & Grease Mangrove Lagoon, St. Thomas Fecal Coliform Benner Bay, St. Thomas Fecal Coliform Limetree Bay, St. Thomas Fecal Coliform Magens Bay, St. Thomas Fecal Coliform Vessup Bay, St. Thomas Fecal Coliform Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point, St. Thomas Fecal Coliform Sept 19, 2006 North Shore St. Croix Assessment Units Phosphorus, Biological Oxygen, Fecal Coliform, Sediment Oxygen Demand, Total Suspended Solids, Enterococcus Bacteria Sept 26, 2007 St. Thomas Harbor Assessment Units Biological Oxygen Demand, Enterococcus Bacteria, Fecal Coliform and Sediment Oxygen Demand Sept. 03, 2010 2012 USVI Integrated Report *No TMDLs were established during FY2011 2. Reduction in amount of total sediment loadings (in tons). Not measured and quantified – currently revising the multi-year monitoring strategy to assess sediment reductions. Additionally a contract is being developed for the characterization of guts (intermittent streams), within watersheds feeding a TMDL waterbody, in relation to their location, daily flow, and condition (Manning’s roughness coefficient). The contractor, Tetra Tech Inc, of Fairfax, Virginia was scheduled to begin work during the second quarter of FY10. 3. Reduction in amount of total nitrogen loadings (in pounds). Not measured and quantified – currently revising the multi-year monitoring strategy to assess nitrogen reductions. Additionally a contract is being developed for the characterization of land use coefficients for use in determining NPS pollution loadings for parameters such as Biological Oxygen demand, nutrients (particularly nitrogen) sediment, bacteria, oil/grease, and impervious surfaces. The contractor, Tetra Tech Inc, of Fairfax, Virginia was scheduled to begin work during the second quarter of FY10. 4. Reduction in amount of total phosphorus loadings (in pounds). Not measured and quantified – currently developing a multi-year monitoring strategy to assess load reductions. See discussions under items 2and 3 above. 5. Number of watershed-based plans (and water miles/acres covered), supported under state Nonpoint Source Management Programs since the beginning of FY’02 that have been substantially implemented. Two watershed-based plans have been substantially implemented. Fish Bay Watershed Management Plan, St. John) - 4.2 gut miles (water miles) covering 1,487.6 acres. The Fish Bay watershed is experiencing rapid residential development and corresponding impacts from uncontrolled erosion, sediment and stormwater. VI RC&D was contracted by the V.I. Department of Planning & Natural Resources Coastal Zone Management Program (DPNR-CZM) to assist in designing and implementing best management practices (BMPs) to mitigate pollution in the Fish Bay watershed. The primary goal of the project was to develop a Comprehensive Road Stabilization Plan with Best Management Practices. For more details please visit http://www.usvircd.org/FishBayPhoto/Gallery/index.htm The Coral Bay Watershed Management Plan was finalized in March 2008 through a collaborative effort of multiple local and Federal agencies, the Coral Bay Community Council 2012 USVI Integrated Report (CBCC), and many local land owners and developers -- to serve as a guide for developing ways to protect Coral Bay from sediment and stormwater pollution. The plan provides a comprehensive set of objectives and actions that address land use planning, protection and restoration of sensitive lands and aquatic buffers, better site design and construction techniques, and effective stormwater management. Please note that the selected example sites are representative; there are many more sites in Coral Bay that deserve equal attention. This plan document is being used now as a helpful outline to undertake detailed actual multi- agency and community discussions to plan activities and prioritize actions on achieving the objectives. The EPA CARE grant being received by CBCC for 2009 and 2010 will bring stormwater expertise to Coral Bay expressly to implement the plan. The plan can be reviewed at http://www.coralbaycommunitycouncil.org/watershed.htm. The Coral Bay watershed is • 5th largest watershed in VI: 3003 ac. • Fastest developing area in VI • 79% growth rate 1990-2000 Census • 750+ residents in 2000 • 5% developed – Huge potential • Area of Particular Concern • Coral Reef National Monument • Longest V.I. fringing mangrove • 100’s of acres of wetlands, coral reefs and seagrass beds PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS The NPS program can be subdivided into three sections: 1. Program Management to include development of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs)1 implementation plans and restoration plans for Virgin Island’s impaired waters; GIS capacity building, etc. 2. Section 319(h) nonpoint source control grants program; performs water quality restoration and educational projects 3. Earth Change permitting program in the second tier of the coastal zone. Program Management New Policies and Procedures were implemented during this reporting period as follows:  Assessment of V.I. Zoning and Subdivision Code (29 V.I.C § § 221-78(2013))  The assessment was funded by $35,000.00 by DPNR’s Division of Comprehensive and Coastal Zone Planning (CCZP), and was completed in FY09. The assessment undertaken by Stuart Meck of Rutgers University and Marya Morris of the Chicago- based Duncan and Associates provided DPNR with critical findings and recommendations that would allow the Department to update and revise the close to forty year old zoning code. Of special interest to the NPS program are the following issues to be addressed: 1 A TMDL is calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant a water body can receive and still meet water quality standards. 2012 USVI Integrated Report o Hillside development o Environmental and aesthetic controls o Mixed uses o Conflicts among definitions, (such as those for mezzanines) o Natural hazards  Rules and regulations for telecommunication facilities  In January 2009, the NPS program provided input into the development of a draft due to the lack of standards and regulations in the V.I. Code that address such facilities. The first draft of the rules and regulations was completed and placed in the public domain in June 2009, when public hearings were conducted for feedback on same June 10-12, 2009. Thereafter, as a follow-up to the territorial public hearings that were conducted by the Planning Division in June, staff facilitated a workshop that was conducted on August 28, 2009 with stakeholders of the telecommunication industry, environmental groups, senators, attorneys and other interested persons, to garner their input in finalization of the draft rules and regulations prior to submittal to the Governor and the Office of the Attorney General.  Small Wind Energy System Ordinance.  In conjunction with the VI Energy Office and as part of the Wind Energy Work Group, completed the final draft instruction sheet for applicants. The Application Guidelines Alternative Energy System will be used to ensure that applicants are made aware “up-front” of the various permits and clearances  In conjunction with the VI Energy Office, and as part of the Wind Energy work group, completed the draft final version of the “Small Wind Energy System Ordinance.” The significant regulations as it relates to the earth change permitting program are as follows: o Tower Height: For all property sizes, the tower height shall be limited to 80 ft., provided that the application includes evidence that the proposed height does not exceed the height recommended by the manufacturer or distributor of the system. o Set-back: The setback of small wind energy systems from adjacent property and utility power lines shall not be less than the total height of the wind energy system. No part of the wind energy system structure, including guy wire anchors, may extend closer than the normally allowable setback distances to the property lines of the installation site as designated for the subject zoning district.  In conjunction with the University of the Virgin Islands, Department of Agriculture, explored the potential for a “bladed equipment operator” certification program. In addition, the certification program may be expanded to include certification process for site inspectors for storm water discharges.  In conjunction with UVI, provided input into the development of the USVI Ghut Monitoring project. The final plan on the use of ghuts as recreational spaces in the USVI was produced 2012 USVI Integrated Report by UVI and included recommendations to DPNR for incorporation into the earth change permitting review process.  The Departmental Spatial Data Infrastructure Policy was completed and signed by Commissioner Robert Mathes. The policy establishes the following:  All departments and programs are encouraged to share GIS data and to make framework data available in ESRI Shapefile format with FGDC based metadata.  The DPNR GIS Work Group recommends that all data be submitted for use in a North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) and a UTM20 North projection  All new GIS and CAD information be created using NAD83.  In conjunction with The Nature Conservancy, and as part of the GIS work group, participated in kickoff meeting of the Conservation Planning for the U.S. Virgin Islands. This charter of this committee was developed to facilitate the development of a strategy to implement the Conservation Planning process for U.S. Virgin Islands. Products and process outcomes are as follows:  Draft Conservation component of the USVI’s Comprehensive Land and Water Use Plan.  Develop specific maps outlining zoning with regulations, vegetation map, marine and terrestrial use maps, significant natural resources and geological features, priority threats.  Transfer of skills and technology for the DPNR to complete the process for the cultural component of the Comprehensive Land and Water Use Plan. Inter-agency support Technical assistance was also provided to other DPNR Divisions and Programs, such as Comprehensive and Coastal Zone Planning (CCZP) and the Groundwater Program for Land Development Permit Applications and Land Subdivision/Rezoning. A total of one thousand two hundred and fifty-nine (1259) applications were submitted for review for zoning compliance. Seventy-one percent (71%) of the applications reviewed were for residential developments; eighteen percent (18%) for land clearing; six percent (6%) for other; Point-eight percent (0.8%) for agricultural purposes and four percent (4%) for non-residential developments. Table II.D.1 Earth Change Summary Earth Change Permit Applications Reviewed by Use FY 10-11 Residential Land Clearing Non- Residential Agriculture Other (fences, Total (New/Addition) roads etc. No. of Applications 898 225 50 10 76 1259 2012 USVI Integrated Report The NPS program also reviewed hydrology reports and provided environmental clearance for land subdivision applications, in support of the Division of Comprehensive and Coastal Zone Planning. Applications were reviewed for wellhead protection area concerns and other hydro-geological parameters such as drainage, ground water availability, septic tank suitability, flood plain concerns, etc. While the number of applications for subdivision processed this year remained the same as that of last fiscal year, there was a marked increase in the total acreage of property proposed for subdivision and the number of lots proposed for creation in the St. Croix District. The increase in subdivision activity is proposed for the Rattan and Sion Hill areas of St. Croix. SUBDIVISION APPLICATIONS FY 2010-2011 Preliminary St. Croix St. Thomas St. John Total Received 6 2 2 10 Approved 6 1 1 8 Total Lots 119 9 2 130 Total Acreage 180 5 1 186 Pending 0 0 0 0 FINAL St. Croix St. Thomas St. John Total Received 2 0 0 2 Approved 2 0 0 2 Total Lots 36 0 0 36 Total Acreage 11 0 0 11 Pending 0 0 0 0 PARTIAL FINAL St. Croix St. Thomas St. John Total Received 1 0 0 0 Approved 1 0 0 0 Total Lots 21 0 0 21 Total Acreage 5 0 0 5 Pending 0 0 0 0 2012 USVI Integrated Report PRELIMINARY/FINAL St. Croix St. Thomas St. John Total Received 4 4 5 13 Approved 4 4 5 13 Total Lots 4 33 2 39 Total Acreage 5 15 1 21 Pending 0 0 1 1 During FY 2010 -2011, the NPS Program did not participate in pre-application meetings and public hearings for zoning map amendments, in support of the Division of Comprehensive and Coastal Zone Planning. Section 319 Contracts During the reporting period, the NPS management plan was continually updated and reassessed to link the program’s implementation goals to the accomplishment of other related programs, including TMDL development, stormwater permitting, and CZARA implementation schedules pursuant to the Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program of the Coastal Zone Management Division 319 Nonpoint Source Pollution Projects –2010-2011 Completion Phase 2004 - Continuation and Expansion of the Territorial Biological (UVI) The purpose of this task is to continue the biological monitoring program to track the health of one of our most sensitive and important biological resources – coral reefs. Total award amount $52,380.00 100% 2004- NPS Pollution for St. Croix Youths - Center for Marine & Environmental Studies (UVI) The purpose of this task is to help reduce nonpoint source pollution and increase awareness of NPS pollution among students. – Complete Total award amount $57,408.00 100% 2004 - Nonpoint Source Pollution Committee Operating-Budget(UVI ) The NPS Pollution Control Committee was created in 1992 to provide oversight to the DEP- NPS Program, as stipulated in the 1989 VI NPS Management Plan. The committee operated on a shoestring budget with the primary participating agencies (DPNR,UVI/CES, USDA, VIRC&D) providing funds for materials, 100% 2012 USVI Integrated Report supplied travel out of their individual budget. Total award amount $9,984.00 2004 – (DOA & DPNR) Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) The goal is to install agricultural Best Management Practices to reduce nonpoint source pollution. The USDA-EQIP program is a cost shared program with the farmer whereby the farmer is responsible for a prescribed percentage of the cost. Total award amount $30,000.00 DEP staff is waiting for a report from the Department of Agriculture. DOA matched DPNR award for the availability of funding for the Farmers. unknown% 2004 - Clean Marinas Program – (DEP)In-House Project- Completed by the Water Pollution Program (STT) To provide technical advice and educational material for marinas which would lead to a reduction in marina related pollution. Total award amount $22,000.00 100% 2005 -2009 Nonpoint Source Pollution Conservation School – The objective of this program was to increase the level of environmental awareness among Virgin Islands public schools and to encourage schools to manage resources in their school grounds to help mitigate Nonpoint Source Pollution. Total award amount $52,000.00 - 13 Schools in the territory received $4,000.00 each – All of the schools have completed their proposed tasks (8) St. Croix & (5) St. Thomas 100% 2005 – 2009 VI Nonpoint Source Pollution Conference – Objective of this conference was to increase public and private sector awareness of nonpoint source pollution issues in the VI and to inform and educate regulators, businesses and contractors in the proper design of BMP’s to reduce or mitigate NPS pollution. Total award amount $30,000.00 The Conference was held on May 6&7, 2010 in St. Thomas @ the Wyndham Sugar Bay Resort & Spa. 100% 2005 – 2009 Estate Adventure Gut Restoration Demonstration Project The purpose of this project was to restore riparian habitat and natural stream channel function in a designated corridor/buffer adjacent to the Estate Adventure Gut and Nature Trail. Total award amount $26,840.00 100% 2009-2010 TMDL data development and gut characterization in priority bays 0% 2012 USVI Integrated Report and watersheds in the USVI by TetraTech, Inc. a). Characterization of land use coefficients for use in determining non-point source pollution loadings for parameters such as Biological Oxygen Demand, nutrients (particularly nitrogen), sediment, bacteria, oil/grease, and impervious surfaces b). Characterization of guts within watersheds feeding a TMDL waterbody in relation to their location, daily flow, and condition (Manning’s roughness coefficient) Total award amount ($60,643) VI Wellhead Protection Program Actualization Project by Rural Community Assistance Program (RCAP), Inc Prioritization of WHPP Total award amount ($32,640) 80% ** The Section 319 Nonpoint Pollution Program did not award any contracts for Fiscal Year 2010 – 2011. Earth Change Permitting An earth change permit is required before any real property can be cleared, graded, filled, or otherwise disturbed. Erosion and sedimentation resulting from improper construction and land clearing activities has been identified as the major nonpoint source problem in the Virgin Islands. The earth change permitting program is designed for residential development; facilities an acre or less in size. Larger facilities will be regulated under the Stormwater permitting discussed under Task 4 below. The earth change permitting program will emphasize the implementation of non-point source pollution controls, including sediment control, erosion mitigation measures, and protection of coastal and ground water resources. Data management All earth change permits issued were entered into the database. DPNR has contracted Ventera to develop online capabilities for the earth change permitting system. Ventera will provide an enterprise content management solution that will automate the Earth Change Permit Application Process. The project, as proposed, will be initiated in the first quarter of FY10 and is briefly summarized below Project: OnBase® Permitting Process- Earth Change Permit Process Date: 2012 USVI Integrated Report CR #: ECM Platform & Building Permit Process- Agency 2 Proposal for EC Submitted Date: 4/15/2009 Agency 2 Proposal for Earth Change Requestor: DPNR Type: New Requirement Priority: High Status: Submitted Business Case: In an effort to reduce resource use and improve the efficiency of the permitting process, the Department of Natural Resources would greatly benefit from implementing the automation of the forms relating to the ‘Earth Change Permit Process’. Tasks Undertaken: Ventera will provide an enterprise content management solution that will automate the Earth Change Permit Application Process. The solution will be implemented in the following phases 1. Discovery Phase- will include analysis of the existing process and will involve a number of activities geared towards gathering requirements. At the end of this stage a composite requirements document called the ‘Discovery Document’ will be delivered. 2. Design Phase- will involve the design of the automated workflows, eForms, work queues, decision points. The functional and technical specifications are enumerated and designed during this stage. The deliverable will include a Design Document outlining the specs. 3. Build Phase – Following the approval of the Design Document by DPNR, Ventera will create the eForms, work queues and work flows in the existing OnBase environment. 4. Training Phase - will be done in two parts: customer training and system testing. The goal is to prepare and educate the business users on how to interact with the solution. The training will be followed by the user acceptance testing which will include an end-to-end test plan that incorporates all facets of the solution. Simultaneously, we will conduct training to educate end-users on how to interact with the solution. The deliverables at this stage will include a training and UAT plan. The users will be given test plans to test various scenarios that they face in their day to day operations 5. Roll Out Phase - Ventera will move the development/testing environment to the production OnBase server. Ventera will also work with DPNR to ‘turn on’ the application to the internal DPNR users and to its customers. Impact Statement: The Earth Change Process will reside on the existing On Base Building Permit Process hardware and network infrastructure. No additional hardware or software is required since DPNR has already invested in the existing system. Through the use of electronic forms and automated workflows DPNR Earth Change will realize a significant improvement in process flow and 2012 USVI Integrated Report functionality. External users will be able to submit forms and receive notifications all electronically once the system is in production. Affected Artifacts/Documentation:  Earth Change Permit Application Form I- Gut Clearing/Brush Clearings Only  Earth Change Permit Application Form II- Single Residential Lot  Earth Change Permit Application Form III- Major Development  Cashier Transmittal Form Affected Lines of Code: This section is not applicable for the proposed solution. Issues/challenges encountered during this reporting period. 1. Onsite Sewage Treatment System Regulations Septic System regulations and regulatory authority needs to be better defined for second tier of the coastal zone. Currently there is overlapping and conflicting jurisdictions between the Waste Management Authority, Department of Health, and DPNR in the various statutes and regulations. There is a need to develop permitting processes to include monitoring and pump out requirements. 2. Staffing needs The Nonpoint Source program has developed an earth change action plan (during FY08) in an effort to improve on the earth change permitting and enforcement process. The action plan calls for two new positions within the Earth change program to facilitate timely review of applications and increased earth change enforcement actions. Implementation of the “Save our Soils” ( SOS) initiative, partly through the adoption and implementation of the Earth Change Action Plan by management. The plan is comprised the following:  Increase Enforcement capability – need to revise regulations especially with respect to issuance of administrative orders and stop work orders.  Increase Inter-Divisional Permit Review – TMDL/Stormwater review in TMDL watersheds; septic system requirements and performance standards for water treatment plants; development in the floodplain, etc. 3. TMDL implementation The NPS program was not able to facilitate the interdisciplinary approach necessary to achieve successful implementation of the TMDLs developed to date. The most fundamental element that will make the TMDL implementation more effective will be the involvement and integration of the different federal and local agencies and the citizens. 4. Driveway Permit Beginning on May 7, 2008, DPNR attempted to address the subject of driveway permits for access onto public roads as many public roads on St. Thomas are being undermined by improperly constructed driveways. The issue at hand is the definition of what constitutes a 2012 USVI Integrated Report “public road” versus an “estate road”. It was finally determined that an earth change permit will be issued without the requisite driveway permit, and it is the applicant’s responsibility to obtain a driveway permit from the Department of Public Works. E. Solid Waste Program Under 19 V.I.C. § 1553(g)(1) (2013), DPNR is authorized to enforce provisions related to environmental effects of waste disposal, resource recovery and hazardous wastes. Pursuant to 19 V.I.C. § 1560 (2013), the Commissioner of DPNR exercised his authority to promulgate rules and regulations for a Used Oil Collection Program under Title 19, Part VI, Chapter 56 of the Virgin Islands Rules and Regulations. Within three years after its inception, the Used Oil Program issued more than 173 permits to facilities territory-wide. These permits were only valid for three years, and subsequently expired. Facilities are, therefore, required to submit updated information regarding their used oil management, and renew the permits to generate, store or transport used oil every three years. The tables below provide a listing of used oil permits by District. All of the permits are listed to reflect the universe of facilities that have been issued permits to date, even if some permits are currently expired. Several businesses have become defunct since the previous reporting period or are no longer generating used oil, and those facilities are no longer included in the database. One of the objectives of the Solid Waste Program’s enforcement strategy is to pursue enforcement against facilities that have failed to renew their permits. Pursuant to 19 V.I.C. § 1561(c) (2013) , these facilities will be issued a Notice of Noncompliance initially, and enforcement will be escalated if compliance is not achieved within the corrective action period. F. Oil and Hazardous Materials 1. Underground Storage Tank Program The Underground Storage Tank Program has undergone management changes during the last few years and has undergone a considerable amount of progress during this time. Draft regulations are in development to support the Underground Storage Tank Act (12 V.I.C. §§ 651-684 (2013)) that authorizes the Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources to manage the underground storage tank program. A permitting program was implemented by 12 V.I.C. §§ 658-660 (2013) in order to better track UST systems and their compliance status. The program requires all UST facilities to apply for permits to use/operate, upgrade, and close their systems; in addition EPA notifications are required with each application. Presently, compliance is the main ambition of the UST program. DPNR is working with each service station to promote compliance efforts in terms of financial responsibility and sufficient leak detection monitoring. These issues are important to ensure the protection of the island’s groundwater and 2012 USVI Integrated Report DPNR is working to ensure that satisfactory leak detection monitoring will be conducted in the future. In doing so, DPNR intends to determine the full extent of leaking USTs within the territory. The Leaking Underground Storage Tanks (LUST) program is an important issue to be addressed. The program is implemented; however, the status list needs to be updated on a continuous basis. DPNR was awarded $80,000 in ARRA funds to address the LUST Sites. The LUST list to date is as follows: St. Croix 1. Texaco-Midway s/s 2. Esso-Estate Glynn (Site Assessment Pending) 3. Esso-Farmingdale s/s (No Further Action Letter Pending) 4. Esso-Estate Mint s/s 5. Esso-Hassan s/s St. Thomas 1. Esso-Devcon 2. Esso-Gottlieb s/s (On-going Remediation) 3. Esso-One Stop Sugar Estate s/s (Phase 2 Site Investigation Pending) DPNR is investigating the status to date on each of these sites. UST enforcement is in full force. A Civil Action Penalty Matrix was drafted for the program and an enforcement policy has been initiated. DPNR has issued numerous Notices of Violation. 2. The Used Oil Program Under 19 V.I.C. § 1553(g)(1) (2013), DPNR is authorized to enforce provisions related to environmental impacts of waste disposal, resource recovery and hazardous wastes. Pursuant to 19 V.I.C. § 1560 (2013), the Commissioner of DPNR exercised his authority to promulgate rules and regulations for a Used Oil Collection Program under Title 19, Part VI, Chapter 56 of the Virgin Islands Rules and Regulations. Initially, the Used Oil Program issued more than 173 permits to facilities territory-wide. These permits were only valid for three years, and subsequently expired. Facilities were, therefore, required to submit updated information regarding their used oil management, and apply for renewal of the permits to generate, store or transport used oil every three years. The tables below provide a listing of used oil permits issued within each district in the Virgin Islands. All of the permits that are listed reflect the universe of facilities that have been issued permits to date, even though some permits are currently expired. Several businesses have become defunct since the previous reporting period or are no longer generating used oil, and those facilities are no longer included in the database. 2012 USVI Integrated Report One of the objectives of the Solid Waste Program’s enforcement strategy is to pursue enforcement against facilities that have failed to renew their permits. Pursuant to 19 V.I.C. § 1561(c) (2013), these facilities will be issued a Notice of Noncompliance initially, and enforcement will be escalated if compliance is not achieved within the corrective action period. Table II.E.1.a List of Used Oil Permit Holders – St. Thomas-St. John District 075T A.J. System St. Thomas 236 T M &S Auto Inc St. Thomas 224C VI Recycling Company St. Thomas 220T Amalie Car Rental St. Thomas 120T Automotive Enterprises Inc. dba Midas St. Thomas 039T It's Black It's White St. Thomas 223T Joel’s Auto repair tech St. Thomas 118J P&S Trucking & Water Delivery St. John 128T Trans Caribbean Dairy St. Thomas 109T U.S. Postal Service Aubrey C. Ottley Branch-GPO St. Thomas 125J Varlack Ventures, Inc St. John 126T Crowley Liner Services (STT) St. Thomas 138T Discount Water Deliveries and Trucking Services St. Thomas 089T Lennards Auto Repairs St. Thomas 200T MOF VI Limited Partnership/DBA American Yacht Harbor St. Thomas 056T N & S Auto Services St. Thomas 201J Pimpy’s Trucking St. John 076T Sapphire Beach Resort Marina St. Thomas 131T University of The Virgin Islands St. Thomas 149T Castillo Auto Repair St. Thomas 188T Lew Henley’s Sewage Disposal L.L.C. St. Thomas 151T Matthews Auto Repairs St. Thomas 158T VI Cement and Building Products Inc. St. Thomas 150T VI Recycling Company St. Thomas 133T Air Center Helicopters St. Thomas 134T Air St. Thomas St. Thomas 124T Amco Auto Sales & Service Inc. St. Thomas 108T American Eagle dba Executive Airlines St. Thomas 145T Antilles Gas (STT) St. Thomas 111T Auto Excellence St. Thomas 135T Bohlke International Airway, Inc. St. Thomas 113J Boyson Inc St. John 097C Buccaneer Hotel St. Thomas 096T Bussue Auto & Repair St. Thomas 098J Caneel Bay Resort St. John 139T Challenger's Transport St. Thomas 2012 USVI Integrated Report 140T Chuck Kline Water St. Thomas 123T Compass Point Marina, Inc. St. Thomas 142T Cowpet Bay West St.Thomas 116T Dependable Car Rental St. Thomas 110T Domino Oil Co. Inc. St. Thomas 114T Florida Coca Cola Bottling Comp.-St. Thomas St. Thomas 117T Four Star Aviation, Inc. St. Thomas 099T Heavy Materials (formerly St. Thomas Concrete) St. Thomas 146T Innovative Telephone St. Thomas 102T La Vida Marine Center L.P/B.J. Management * St. Thomas 119T Metro Motors St. Thomas 125T Motor Trend St. Thomas 129J O' Connor Car Rental* St. John 101T Patrick Charles Enterprises Inc. St. Thomas 104T Public Works (#8 Subbase) St. Thomas 105J Public Works (susanaberg) St. John 136T Pueblo Supermarket St. Thomas 132T Ritz-Carlton Resort St. Thomas 143T Sanitary Trashmoval Services Inc. St. Thomas 092T School Busing, Inc St. Thomas 129J St. John Development dba Texaco St. John 103T The Auto Clinic St. Thomas 137T Tutu Texaco Service Station Inc St. Thomas 130T United Brothers Trucking St. Thomas 106T V.I. Department of Public Works (Bovoni) St. Thomas 105J V.I. Department of Public Works (St. John) St. Thomas 104T V.I. Department of Public Works (Sub Base) St. Thomas 104TT V.I. Department of Public Works (Subbase) Trans St. Thomas 122T V.I. Housing Authority St. Thomas 080T V.I. Port Authority, Transportation (STT) St. Thomas 112T VI Enterprises, Inc. (Avis) St. Thomas 224C Discount Car Rental/B.S.S.C. St. Thomas 098T Western Auto Supply Co (STT) St. Thomas 121T Wyndham Sugar Bay Resort St. Thomas 073T American Yacht Harbor Marina St. Thomas 091J Barry's Auto Service Center St. John 068T Budget Car Rental St. Thomas 065T Community Motors Inc. St. Thomas 090T Contran Resorts, Inc. dba Mahogany Run Golf Course St. Thomas 061J Coral Bay Marina Services Inc. St. John 063T Crown Bay Marina St. Thomas 077T CTF Hotel Management Corp St. Thomas 2012 USVI Integrated Report 088J E. C. Gas & Service Station, Inc. St. John 100T Ge-Tech Auto Repair St. Thomas 077T Grand Beach Palace * St. Thomas 069TT Green Hornet Environmental Management Inc St. Thomas 094T Hertz Rent A-Car St. Thomas 066T John's Auto Center Inc. ST. Thomas 090T Mahogany Run St. Thomas 079T Marriott Frenchman's Reef & Morning Star Beach Resort St. Thomas 041T K-Mart (Tutu Park) St. Thomas 101T Valrick Charles Enterprises, Inc. St. Thomas 072TT VI Regulated Waste Management, Inc St. Thomas 087J Westin St. John Hotel Company, Inc St. John 067T Yacht Haven (Long Bay Partners) St. Thomas 037T Caribbean Auto Mart St. Thomas 037T Caribbean Auto Mart, Inc (STT) St. Thomas 047T Diesel Dynamic Plus Inc. St. Thomas 041T East End Wreck Shop St. Thomas 052T Gas Station Auto Repair St. John 225T HI Performance Auto Repair St. Thomas 046T Sun, Sea & Sand Leasing & Sales St. Thomas 221T Heavy Materials, L.L.C. St. Thomas 049T Tropical Marine Inc St. Thomas Table II.E.1.b List of Used Oil Permit Holders – St. Croix District 2012 USVI Integrated Report 031C H.H. Tire Sales St. Croix 172C Old Time Auto Repair Shop St. Croix 038C St. Croix Dairy Products, Inc. St. Croix 168C Unique Auto Repair St. Croix 169C University of the Virgin Islands St. Croix 058C VI Regulated Waste Management, Inc St. Croix 134C Ambramson Enterprises St. Croix 144C Antilles Gas (STX) St. Croix 115C Bohlke International Airways St. Croix 160C Bunkers of St. Croix, Inc. St. Croix 131C Centerline Car Rental St. Croix 152C David's Auto Repair St. Croix 165C Divi Carina Bay Resort St. Croix 155C Frank's Garage St. Croix 130C Hendricks International Inc. St. Croix 145C Human Services maintenance St. Croix 164C Innovative Telephone Company St. Croix 151C MARCO St. Croix, Inc. Water and Trucking Services St. Croix 166C Monarch Heavy Equipment Rental St. Croix 146C Olympic Rent-A-Car St. Croix 153C Paradise Waste Systems, Inc. St. Croix 033C Rodney's Auto Repair St. Croix 141C Seaborne Airlines St. Croix 035C St. Croix Foreign Auto Sales Corp St. Croix 154C Tonges Concrete St. Croix 131T University of the Virgin Islands (STT) ST. Croix 135C Virgin Islands Rum St. Croix 161C Welco Gas Station St. Croix 103C Budget Car Rental St. Croix 071C Caribbean Auto Mart St. Croix, Inc St. Croix 074C Metro Motors St. Croix 083C St. Croix Marine St. Croix 174CT Chitolie Trucking Equipment St. Croix 170C Francis Water Services St. Croix 175CT M & T Trucking St. Croix 171C Ramco Transmission Repair St. Croix 173C Tonn Motor Corp. St. Croix 006C V.I. Department of Public Works (Annas Hope) DIY St. Croix 148C A+ Auto Repair * St. Croix 143C Anthony Auto Repair & Maintenance St. Croix 126C Bates Trucking & Trash Removal St. Croix 127C Better Engine Svc & Tire Inc St. Croix 140C Caribout aka Florida Coca-Cola Bottling Company St. Croix 2012 USVI Integrated Report 3. Hazardous Waste Program The Virgin Islands implements its own hazardous waste program independent of the US Environmental Protection Agency. All facilities which generate, store, transport and/ or collect 150C 12/31/2006 Champion Auto Part St. Croix 163C 12/31/2006 Department of Public Works (Maintenance) St. Croix 142C 12/31/2006 Europa Motorworks * St. Croix 136C 12/31/2006 Flemings Transport Company, Inc St. Croix 159C 12/31/2006 H & H Avionics St. Croix 003C 12/31/2006 HOVENSA St. Croix 132C 12/31/2006 Karim Service Station * St. Croix 149C 12/31/2006 P.M. Auto St. Croix 057T 12/31/2006 PM's Auto Inc. St. Croix 162C 12/31/2006 Roach Auto Service Inc. St. Croix 129C 12/31/2006 Thrifty Car Rental St. Croix 156C 12/31/2006 V.I. Housing Authority (STX) St. Croix 133C 12/31/2006 V.I. Water & Power Authority St. Croix 157C 12/31/2006 VI Cement & Building Products Inc. * St. Croix 137C 12/31/2006 VI Paving, Inc St. Croix 133C 12/31/2006 WAPA Maintenance St. Croix 224C 12/31/10 VI Recycling Company St. Croix 128C 12/31/2006 Zenon Construction Corp. St. Croix 064C 12/31/2005 A & G Tire & Auto Service * St. Croix 093C 12/31/2005 Chitolie Trucking & Equipment St. Croix 086C 12/31/2005 Gold Coast Yachts Inc. St. Croix 018C 12/31/2005 Marine Spill Response Corporation St. Croix 008CT 12/31/2005 Public Works (Annas Hope) St. Croix 062TT 12/31/2005 Puerto Rico Used Oil Collectors Inc San Juan, PR 078C 12/31/2005 Stanley & Stanley St. Croix 094T 12/31/2005 Tropical Automotive Repair St. Croix 082T 12/31/2005 V.I. Army National Guard (STT) St. Croix 081C 12/31/2005 V.I. Army National Guard (STX) St. Croix 030C 12/31/2004 Bill Auto Repair & Maintenance St. Croix 045C 12/31/2004 Sun Sea & Sand Car Dealer St. Croix 032C 12/31/2004 Tropical Cars of St. Croix Inc. St. Croix 011CX 12/31/2003 Cruzan Environmental Services St. Croix 007C 12/31/2003 Public Works (Concordia) St. Croix 036C 12/31/2003 St. Croix Radiator St. Croix 009C 12/30/2004 Western Auto (STX) * St. Croix 100C ? Peters Rest Texaco Svc Station St. Croix * Denotes facilities that have either gone out of business or are no longer generating used oil. 2012 USVI Integrated Report hazardous waste must meet the Territory’s requirements except where federal requirements are more stringent or broader in scope. The Virgin Islands has not adopted the Universal Waste Rule. As such, no waste may be managed as universal waste. Rather, all hazardous waste in the Virgin Islands must be managed under traditional hazardous waste requirements based on total monthly waste. Any person engaged in the generation, storage, transportation, treatment, disposal or recovery of hazardous waste shall obtain a permit thereof from the Department of Planning and Natural Resources. Permits must be renewed annually. Permit Number Facility Name Location T-043 Kmart 9000 Lockhart Garden, St. Thomas C-042 Kmart Remainder Matriculate, St. Croix T-041 Kmart 26-A Tutu Park Mall, St. Thomas C-036 O’Neale Trucking Wilfred Allick, St. Croix C-038T O’Neale Trucking Wilfred Allick, St. Croix C-069 Seaborne Airlines St. Croix C-191 VIPA Rohlsen, St. Coix C-023 Toyota #1 Estate Body Slob, St. Croix C-057 Adcon Environmental Fort Louise Augusta Restrooms C-063 VI Salvage d/b/a 180 Auto 236 Estate Glynn, St. Croix C-024 Bunkers Of St. Croix 27 Castle Coakley, St. Croix C-022 Caribbean Auto Mart 13 Glynn, St. Croix T-028 FAA Cyril E. King Airport, St. Thomas C-025 FAA #10 Estate White Lady, St. Croix C-061 JFL Hospital Estate Diamond, St. Croix T-054 VIHA-Tutu Apartments #387 Anna’s Retreat, St. Thomas C-041 VIHA-Paradise Paradise, St. Croix T-051 VI Army National Guard Estate Nazareth, St. Thomas C-052 VI Army National Guard Estate Manning, St. Croix C-002T O’Neale’s Trucking Wilfred Allick, St. Croix C-001T VI Regulated Waste Mgt Wilfred Allick, St. Croix C-037 VI Regulated Waste Mgt Wilfred Allick, St. Croix T-190 TSA Cyril King Airport, St. Thomas C-040T VI Regulated Waste Mgt Wilfred Allick, St. Croix T-032 FAA-Tower Control St. Thomas C-026 FAA-Recovery St. Croix C-027 FAA-ILS St. Croix T-031 FAA-Radar Facility St. Thomas T-030 FAA-Navigation Facility St. Thomas T-042 VIHA-Bovoni Apartments Bovoni. St. Thomas C-044 Managed Freight Richmond, St. Croix T-045 Total Petroleum St. Thomas 2012 USVI Integrated Report T-046 RLS Hospital Sugar Estate, St. Thomas C-048 Seaborne St. Croix C-049 Hams Bluff Lighthouse Hams Bluff, St. Croix T-050 P&P Sub Base, St. Thomas C-191 TSA-Henry Rohlsen St. Croix T-053 DOE-LAGA Building Tutu-St. Thomas C-055 VI National Guard Sprat Hall, St. Croix C-056 VI National Guard Hams Bluff, St. Croix T-140T VI Regulated Waste Contant, St. Thomas C-062 VI Rum Diamond, St. Croix C-066 Buccaneer Hotel St. Croix C-067 Bohlke International Henry Rohlsen Airport, St. Croix C-072 Salt River Restoration Salt River, St. Croix T-021 Heavy Materials, LLC. St. Thomas C-058 Gallows Bay Gallows Bay, St. Croixc-059 C-059 DOL-STX Sunny Isles, St. Croix T-060 DOL-STT St. Thomas 4. Brownfields Program A brownfield is a property of which the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. It is estimated that there are more than 450,000 brownfields in the United States. Cleaning up and reinvesting in brownfield properties increases local tax bases, facilitates job growth, utilizes existing infrastructure, takes development pressures off of undeveloped, open land, and both improves and protects the environment In 2009 DPNR conducted nine Phase I Environmental Site Assessments for properties located throughout the Territory. The purpose of these environmental assessments was to describe current site conditions and to establish if there was evidence that a release of oil or hazardous materials had occurred at the site or that a threat of release exists. Such a release could represent a liability to the property owner or operator. Facility Name Location Recommendation 15 & 16 Prince Street & 54 & 55-B Hospital Street Frederiksted, St. Croix No further oil and/or hazardous materials assessments activities are necessary at this time 6, 6-a & 8 Penitentiary Land Christiansted, St, Croix Further assessment activities are necessary at the site. Phase II Assessment was recommended 2012 USVI Integrated Report 10-13A West Lane Christiansted, St, Croix No further oil and/or hazardous materials assessments activities are necessary at this time 15 Sub Base Sub Base, St. Thomas Further assessment activities are necessary at the site 24 & 25 Sub Base Sub Base, St. Thomas Further assessment activities are necessary at the site. 72 Lindbergh Bay Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas Further assessment activities are necessary at the site. 27 Strand Street Christiansted, St. Croix No further oil and/or hazardous materials assessments activities are necessary at this time 4 Wimmelskafte Gade, back Street Charlotte Amalie, St. Croix No further oil and/or hazardous materials assessments activities are necessary at this time Oscar E. Henry Customs House Frederiksted, St. Croix No further oil and/or hazardous materials assessments activities are necessary at this time. However, mold assessment and abatement activities are necessary to eliminate health hazards F. Wetlands Programs BACKGROUND The quality of life in the Virgin Islands and the strength of the Virgin Islands economy depend heavily on maintaining and restoring the health of the nearshore coastal environment; including wetlands, mangroves, coral reefs, and seagrass beds; communities that form a tightly linked ecosystem connected through hydrology and runoff. For the past several decades, population growth has compounded the effects of poor land use practices. This is manifested in catastrophic runoff, sedimentation, nutrient enrichment from failed septic systems and pollutant contamination of coastal wetlands, waters, and bays. Various studies have associated land use in upland areas of watersheds are adversely affecting low-lying terrestrial and marine resources. Nevertheless, the extent of the impacts across the Territory is unknown, and a comprehensive assessment of the watersheds and wetlands of the VI is not presently complete. Additionally, the existing datasets maintained by public institutions have not been made available in published documents or placed into a web-accessible database for resource managers and public use. PHASE I The first phase of the wetlands inventory project, titled, “The Virgin Islands Wetlands and Riparian Areas Inventory: A Pilot Study to Characterize Watersheds and Wetland Systems, Phase I”, was completed in 2004 by the Department of Planning and Natural Resources, in partnership with Island Resources Foundation (IRF) and the University of the Virgin Islands (UVI). Phase I of the project focused on a limited assessment of watershed/wetland ecosystems. Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used to produce an inventory of watersheds and wetlands (type and location) 2012 USVI Integrated Report throughout the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), produce GIS map products, and data for statistical and spatial analyses. Eighteen (18) priority watersheds (of the 50 in the USVI) were assessed and characterized using a matrix based on categorizing watersheds into three groups; (i) undisturbed, (ii) moderately disturbed, and (iii) highly disturbed watersheds. Vegetation characterization, water chemistry sampling, sedimentation history, and an Index of Biological Integrity assessment were completed within each selected watershed. The information and data gathered from the pilot study of Phase I were used by the project collaborating institutions to determine the proposed Scope of Work for Phase II of the project. PHASE II The “Virgin Islands Wetlands and Watersheds Characterization Phase II: Inventory, Monitoring, Assessment, Management, and Education in the U.S. Virgin Islands”, began in 2007 and was designed initially to complete the watershed/wetlands assessment for the Virgin Islands by compiling existing data from multiple projects and sources, filling data gaps, developing appropriate management strategies, and educating the public about the importance of wetlands and watersheds. Phase II was scheduled for completion at the end of 2010. The major outputs of Phase II are: 1. Formation of a Wetlands Working Group. 2. Adoption of a definition of wetland for use in the USVI. 3. Maps showing the locations of wetlands in the USVI. 4. Conceptual framework for management of wetlands in the USVI. 5. Publication titled “Wetlands of the U.S. Virgin Islands”. 6. Final Technical Report. TYPES OF WETLANDS Wetlands provide a range of goods and services that contribute to the economic and social development of the USVI. However, the various development activities result in significant degradation of the very resources that support the development of the USVI. In an effort to improve the development process, policies, laws, and initiatives have been developed to protect our natural resources. The primary purpose of the associated laws and programs is to ensure that development can be sustained and the quality of life can be maintained for current and future generations of Virgin Islanders. By definition, “Wetlands in the U.S. Virgin Islands generally include watercourses, marshes, swamps, artificial ponds and impoundment, salt ponds, lagoons, shallow seagrass beds, and other similar areas.” Each type of wetland is formed under a specific set of conditions, and will typically have associated plants (flora) and animals (fauna). Type 1: Watercourses A watercourse is defined in the Virgin Islands Code as “… any stream with a reasonable well-defined channel, and includes streams which have a permanent flow, as well as those which result from the accumulation of water after rainfall and which regularly flow through channels formed by the force of the waters.” See 12 V.I.C. § 123(b) (2013). In the USVI, watercourses are commonly referred to as ghuts. These ghuts are the main drainage channels for discharge of runoff from rainfall events. In addition to that function, ghuts provide a 2012 USVI Integrated Report range of goods and services that support the development processes of the USVI. Ghuts also contain permanent pools of freshwater, which function as habitats for rare species of aquatic animals (e.g. Mountain Mullet and American Eel). Ghuts take a range of shapes, sizes, and depths, depending on the terrain and the size of the watershed. The vegetation found inside ghuts also varies accordingly, but two distinct forest types have been associated with ghuts. These forest types are Gallery Moist Forest and Gallery Shrubland. Ghuts of Interest are those that meet any one of the following criteria:  Ghuts with permanent pools  Ghuts currently used for recreational purposes  Ghuts supporting other community uses  Ghuts containing critical habitats  Ghuts supporting endangered species of plants or animals  Ghuts containing significant historic, archeological, or cultural resources  Ghuts facing significant threats – e.g. dumping from construction activities or used for sewage disposal. St. Croix St. John St. Thomas Adventure Stream Battery Gut Bonne Resolution (Dorothea) Gut Bethlehem Gut Fish Bay Gut Caret Bay/Sorgenfri Ghut Butler Bay Ghut Guinea Gut Contant Gut Caledonia Gut Johnny Horn Ghut deJongh Gut Canaan Ghut Living (Reef Bay) Gut Magens Bay Gut Cane Bay Ghut Nadir Gut Creque Gut Neltjeberg Gut Fountain Ghut Santa Maria Gut Harden Gut Savan Gut Jolly Hill Gut Turpentine Run La Grange Gut Mahogany Gut River Gut Type 2: Marshes 2012 USVI Integrated Report A marsh is defined as “a water-saturated, poorly drained area, intermittently or permanently water covered, having aquatic and grass-like vegetation” (http://water.usgs.gov/water- basics_glossary.html). Marshes in the USVI are typically fresh-water wetlands formed in depressions in the landscape, and maintained by surface or subsurface flow of water. Type 3: Swamps A swamp is defined as “an area intermittently or permanently covered with water, and having trees and shrubs” (http://water.usgs.gov/water-basics_glossary.html). In the USVI, swamps are generally located on the coast. Water level is determined mainly by surface runoff during the rainy season, but brackish conditions exist in areas of the swamp closest to the sea, or during the dry season. As a result of this salinity gradient, plants adapted to both fresh water and saline conditions may be found in some swamps. Example, Magens Bay swamp, St. Thomas Type 4: Artificial Ponds and Impoundments “A pond is a body of standing water, either natural or man-made, that is usually smaller than a lake” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pond). In the USVI, man-made (artificial) ponds are created primarily for provision of water for agricultural purposes. Increasingly, ponds are created for storm-water management purposes on sites with large developments or on sites that are periodically flooded. An impoundment is a body of water resulting from the placement of a stone dyke or earthen berm across a natural drainage channel (ghut). Impoundments were used in the early 1900s as part of the system of collection and distribution of potable water, particularly on St. Croix. Currently, impoundments are constructed and used mainly to provide water for agricultural purposes. Both ponds and impoundments provide habitats for a range of resident and migratory species of water birds. Type 5: Salt Ponds A salt pond is a coastal wetland that is separated from the sea by a low sandbank, sand dune, or similar feature. Salt ponds are formed over long periods by the accretion of reefs, growth of mangroves, or the accretion of sand along the mouth of an embayment. Once the pond is separated from the sea, water exchange between the two is primarily through the separating barrier. Depending on the size and structure of the salt pond, openings to the sea may be created during the rainy season if the pond collects significant amounts of surface runoff. The barrier may also be overtopped by the sea during periods of significant wave action. Such wetlands are commonly called salt ponds because the water in the ponds becomes hypersaline during the periods when the water level is low; that is, the water becomes more saline than ordinary sea water. In some ponds, the salt can be seen as a crystalline deposit along the edges of the pond or towards the landward portion (back) of the pond. Salt ponds provide a habitat for many species of birds, but few plants are adapted to survive in such hypersaline conditions. Plants typically found at salt ponds are Black Mangrove, White Mangrove, and the shrubs Saltwort and Sea Purslane Type 6 Lagoons 2012 USVI Integrated Report A lagoon is defined as “a stretch of salt water separated from the sea by a low sandbank, coral reef or similar natural or manmade feature.” In the USVI, lagoons are typically formed by one of two processes. One process involves wave action moving sand and gravel along the shoreline, periodically closing the mouth of an embayment. Sandbars are sometimes breached by strong wave action, particularly during storms. Sandbars/sandbanks often become colonized and stabilized by plants, which can result in the closure becoming semi-permanent or permanent over time. The second process involves the formation of a sandbar across the mouth of a seasonal stream (ghut). In such cases, the sandbar is periodically breached by wave action or by surface runoff discharged through the ghut after rainfall events. Lagoons can have very restricted access or narrow channels that permit fairly consistent flows between the lagoon and the sea. Lagoons are ecologically productive sites, providing habitats for a range of fish and bird species, including migratory species of birds. Examples of lagoons are the Altona Lagoon (St. Croix) and Benner Bay/Mangrove Lagoon (St. Thomas). Type 7: Seagrass beds Seagrass beds are ecosystems dominated by marine grasses. Seagrass beds typically inhabit shallow nearshore areas, but can be found in a range of depths from shallow lagoons to open coastal areas 60 feet in depth. There are 40-50 species of seagrasses world-wide, and most are found in the tropics. Though seagrass beds are dominated by seagrasses, the communities contain many species of algae. Seagrass beds function as important nursery areas for a wide variety of marine organisms (including important food species). Seagrass beds also function to colonize open areas, and their root systems help to stabilize unconsolidated soils PRIORITIES FOR MANAGEMENT OF WETLANDS The major issues and priorities currently relevant to wetlands are: 1. Integration of the Policy Framework There are several laws relevant to the management of wetlands, and those laws are administered by several agencies. The programs managed by the various agencies are usually in line with national priorities. In 2009, the Department of Planning and Natural Resources initiated activities to develop a Wetlands Management Program. That program will establish a mechanism for integration of the wetlands-related policies and programs of the public agencies in the U.S. Virgin Islands, including the involvement of community organizations 2. Reduction of Threats There are significant threats to wetlands and associated resources from natural and man-made sources. The man-made threats are primarily from land use activities (e.g. changed drainage, sediment from construction activities, filling of wetlands, disposal of solid waste and effluents), but also from illegal practices (e.g. solid waste disposal). These threats reduce the benefits provided by wetlands. While threat reduction is a priority of the management agencies, the most important require changes in attitudes and practices of individuals in the community. 3. Storm Water Management Due to the topography of the islands, most development activities (including residential development) involve the channeling of surface runoff from rainfall events. Poor storm-water management practices 2012 USVI Integrated Report result in damage to wetlands, social infrastructure (e.g. roads), and private property. Individuals and companies undertaking developments must therefore use best practices in the design of stormwater management systems. 4. Future Demand for Goods and Services from Wetlands The existing uses of wetlands are expected to continue. There is increased use for recreation, including eco-tourism ventures. With increased development activity, particularly larger resort projects, there is increased use of wetlands for storm-water management. It is forecasted that global warming will increase rainfall variability and intensity. As such, wetlands will play an even greater role in flood protection. 5. Information Management In order to make informed decisions concerning the management of wetland resources, the regulatory agencies are constantly updating the databases on physical conditions and status of the resources. The community should become engaged in the management process, especially by sharing information on the use of wetlands and associated resources, and threats to such resources. FRAMEWORK FOR MANAGEMENT OF WETLANDS IN THE USVI Rationale for Development of a Wetlands Management Framework Wetlands in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) provide a range of goods and services that support the social and economic development of the Territory. Due to the range of benefits provided by wetlands, as well as their distribution across the topographic landscape, wetlands fall within the area of responsibility of several Territorial and U.S. Federal agencies. As such, wetlands form critical components of several programs designed to maintain the economic growth of the USVI and quality of life of its residents. Environmental and development programs in which wetlands play a critical role include: (a) Agriculture Development – Impoundments were established to collect water for agricultural uses. The 1979 report on the USVI Sediment Reduction Program noted that there were 278 impoundments in the USVI in 1979 (BC&E/CH2M Hill, 1979). (b) Reduction in Non-Point Source Pollution – The 1979 Sediment Reduction Program was designed around the functioning of impoundments as sediment traps. The existing Earth Change Permit process was similarly designed to reduce soil erosion and sedimentation of waterways, and development activities affecting ghuts are regulated within this process. (c) Coastal Zone Management – Wetlands form one of the nine (9) Enhancement Areas for the USVI Coastal Zone Management Program, as required by Section 309 of the Coastal Zone Management Act, 1972. (d) Wildlife Management – Wetlands function as important habitats for a range of wildlife species, and associated management interventions range from periodic resource assessments to designation and management of wildlife reserves by both Territorial and Federal agencies. 2012 USVI Integrated Report (e) Water Resources Management – Surface water forms one of the components of waters of the USVI as defined by 12 V.I.C. § 182(f) (2013). While there is no water resource management program, the non-point source pollution program was developed to protect the quality of the waters of the USVI for a range of social and ecological purposes. (f) Flood Control – Storm-water management in development activities and general flood control are managed by two separate agencies of the Government of the USVI (Department of Public Works and Department of Planning and Natural Resources). (g) Waste Management – Wetlands are used as part of the waste disposal strategy in the USVI, in that; a number of municipal sewage treatment plants discharge effluent directly to ghuts. Discharge of untreated sewage to wetlands also takes place when there is equipment failure. Additionally, the two municipal landfills are located in wetlands. Despite the above-mentioned program imperatives that involve wetlands, there is no wetlands program in the USVI. Attempts to establish a wetlands program include the 2006 draft wetlands conservation plan prepared by the Division of Fish and Wildlife and the current attempt by the Division of Environmental Protection. However, a wetlands program designed for a single agency to fulfill its mission objectives will not accommodate the afore-mentioned range of program needs. This is particularly true as a number of the uses of wetlands are conflicting across the various programs. What is needed is a unified approach that supports multiple policies and program objectives, and that prevents program conflicts. This unified approach to wetlands management is hereby termed the “Wetlands Management Framework for the U.S. Virgin Islands”. The purpose of the Wetlands Management Framework is to ensure that all management interventions for wetlands in the U.S. Virgin islands are designed based on a single policy and strategy and that institutional arrangements are established to minimize waste and conflicts while maximizing the impacts of each management intervention. Current Wetlands Management Framework There is a variety of laws that provide the foundation for a wetland management framework, and there are both Federal and Territorial agencies that are involved in programs and initiatives affecting wetlands. Though there is this range of institutions and programming that affect wetlands in one way or another, the focus on wetlands appears to be tangential at best. Programs and resource management strategies that should have wetlands management as a central feature have either been inexplicably terminated (Sediment Reduction Program), inconsistent in application (Areas of Particular Concern), relegated wetlands to a low level of priority (Coastal Zone Management Program), or treat wetlands as tangential (Water Pollution Control Program and 2005 Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy for the USVI). The single attempt to develop a wetlands conservation plan (Platenberg, 2006) focused on one district, and has been approved or implemented. Wetlands are not specifically mentioned in the priority goals or objectives identified in the 2010 USVI Coral Reef Management Program. However, two of the four priority sites (St. Thomas East End Reserve and St. Croix East End Marine Park) include large areas of wetlands. 2012 USVI Integrated Report The absence of policies and guidelines for wetlands management inhibit the development or integration of relevant programs. The 2009 Section 309 Assessment for the USVI Coastal Zone Management Program states that policies to increase protections for wetlands were approved by the Coastal Zone Management Commission in 2006, but now needs to be promulgated and adopted as rules and regulations within the coastal zone management program. Similarly, there is no institutional arrangement that supports information sharing and collaborative programming, both necessary to ensure the development of synergies between the various programs. Trends and Major Issues Currently Relevant to Wetlands The trends that have been identified are: (a) Reduction in Acreage of Wetlands in the U.S. Virgin Islands – Damage to wetlands and loss of acreage has been chronicled in several reports (Sladen 1986, Stengel 1998). The major activity contributing to loss of wetlands is (past and current) development activity, primarily industrial, resort, and marina development. The continued generation of a range of other threats to wetlands and associated resources (Gardner et al, 2008) remain a cause of concern. (b) Continued Provision of Goods and Services – Wetlands continue to provide a range of goods and services (Virgin Islands Department of Agriculture 1973, Smith 1989, Kelsey et al 2005, Rennis et al 2006, Gardner et al 2008, Valiulis 2009). In addition to the provision of water and food, the environmental services provided by wetlands include wildlife habitats, water purification, groundwater recharge, flood reduction, and storm protection. (c) Contribution to Economic Development – Wetlands have played a significant role in the economic development of the U.S. Virgin Islands (Gardner et al, 2008) through the provision of water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Current direct contributions include provision of recreational opportunities, educational opportunities, and water for agriculture. The major issues and priorities are: (a) Need for an Integrated Policy Framework – There are several laws relevant to the management of wetlands, and those laws are administered by different agencies. Though the programs managed by the various agencies are usually in line with national priorities, there is a need to establish a mechanism for integration of the wetlands-related policies and programs of the public agencies in the U.S. Virgin Islands, including the involvement of non-governmental organizations. (b) Existence of Significant Threats – There are significant threats to wetlands and associated resources from natural and man-made sources. The man-made threats are primarily from land use activities (e.g. changed drainage, sediment from construction activities, filling of wetlands, disposal of solid waste and effluents), but also from illegal practices (e.g. solid waste disposal). These threats reduce the benefits provided by wetlands. While threat reduction is a priority of the management agencies, success of management interventions require changes in attitudes and practices of individuals and institutions in the community. 2012 USVI Integrated Report (c) Need for Improved Storm Water Management – Due to the topography of the islands, most development activities (including residential development) involves the channeling of surface runoff from rainfall events. Poor storm-water management practices result in damage to wetlands, social infrastructure (e.g. roads), and private property. Individuals and companies undertaking developments must therefore use best practices in the design of storm-water management systems. (d) Future Demand for Goods and Services from Wetlands – The existing uses of wetlands are expected to continue. There is increased use for recreation, including ecotourism ventures. With increased development activity, particularly larger resort projects, there is increased use of wetlands for storm-water management. It is forecasted that global warming will increase rainfall variability and intensity. As such, wetlands will play an even greater role in flood protection. (e) Need for Improved Information Management – There is no structured program for research and monitoring of wetland resources. As such, data collection is sporadic, ad hoc, and not necessarily linked to institutional mandates or programs. Data and information is consistently lost. Additionally, databases compiled by Federal agencies are not utilized by USVI regulatory agencies for management decision making. In order to improve decision making in the development planning and development control processes, the environmental management agencies need to develop an overall data management strategy. That strategy should ensure compatibility of data collection regimes and data management systems, as well as establishment of data sharing mechanisms. The civil society institutions engaged in wetland initiatives should also be brought into the information management process. Other issues requiring attention are: (a) Community Perception of the Value of Wetlands – The continuing threats to wetlands and associated resources indicate that there is a general perception in the USVI that wetlands are not important. However, the conflicts that sometimes arise during public hearings for development projects often focus on environmental issues, including potential impact on wetlands. This contradiction suggests that there is no consensus in the community regarding the value of wetlands. This issue should be addressed in order to reduce conflicts within the development control process, and enable the regulatory agencies and community to make informed decisions regarding tradeoffs in the development process. (b) Climate Change associated with Global Warming – Climate change scenarios for the Caribbean suggest that sea level rise will be approximately 1.5 feet over the next century. This will result in inundation of some coastal areas, increasing acreage under wetlands, but also impacting negatively on social infrastructure and some major resources (e.g. aquifers). More immediately, increased intensity of storms and changing rainfall patterns are expected to create significant impacts on ecosystems, including wetlands. A comprehensive monitoring program should be established to support informed resource management decision making, particularly for critical or fragile ecosystems. PROPOSED WETLANDS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK 2012 USVI Integrated Report The Wetlands Wise Use Project of the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention) identifies the elements of an effective wetlands management program as: • Appropriate Policy Framework; • Appropriate Legal Framework; • Appropriate Institutional Framework; • Management Strategy; • Management Plan/Action Plan; and • Institutional Program/Annual Plan. Appropriate Policy Framework The development of an appropriate policy framework is best guided by an environmental ethic, which provides the broad philosophical basis and guiding principles for policy and program development. The guidelines prepared by the Ramsar Secretariat on the wise use of wetlands (Davis, 1993) identify the following as principal elements of a national wetland policy: A. Improvement of institutional arrangements so that wetland policies can be fully integrated into the planning process; and the establishment of mechanisms and procedures for incorporating this integrated, multi-disciplinary approach into planning and execution of projects concerning wetlands. B. Review of existing legislation and government policies (including subsidies and incentives) including, where appropriate, application of existing legislation and policies, adoption of new ones, and use of development funds for wetlands. C. Increasing knowledge and awareness of wetlands and their values, including exchange of information, propagation of their benefits and values (a statement of which is given), review of traditional techniques, and training of appropriate staff. D. Review of the status of wetlands in the national context, including compilation of a national inventory, and definition of each wetland's particular values and conservation priorities. E. Addressing of problems at particular wetland sites, by integrating environmental considerations into their management, regulated utilization, establishment of management plans, designation as appropriate for the Ramsar List, establishment of nature reserves and, if necessary, restoration. Appropriate Legal Framework The legal framework supports not only the development of regulations, but also provides an underpinning for the establishment of creative and evolving management and compliance strategies. Elements of an effective legal framework include: 2012 USVI Integrated Report A. A framework law that addresses wetlands as a specific ecosystem requiring directed management intervention, that links the primary enabling legislation to other relevant legal instruments directed at other programs and development processes. B. Subsidiary legislation that facilitates the development of an effective institutional framework. C. Guidance and guidelines to support the use of a wide range of measures and instruments (regulatory, fiscal, and non-fiscal) to enable effective management interventions. Appropriate Institutional Framework Although one public sector institution will be given the responsibility of being the lead agency for coordination of a territorial program, effective management will include collaborative arrangements between several public, private, and civil society institutions. An appropriate institutional framework will address the following: A. Collaborative programming, to assist in resolving conflicts, assist in making decisions relating to trade-offs, clarify roles and responsibilities of different stakeholders, and facilitate diverse stakeholder involvement. B. Development of an institutional coordinating mechanism that facilitates harmonization of management arrangements and institutional cultures (planning and decision-making systems, legal requirements in the various regulatory processes, reporting requirements and mechanisms, etc.). C. Shared information collection and management systems. Management Strategy The territorial management strategy is meant to provide strategic focus, translating the policy framework into strategic directions for wetlands management over an agreed period. The territorial strategy should: A. Provide a structured framework for wetlands management, establishing the goals and objectives of the territorial program, and establishing guidelines and practices that link site management interventions to system management goals and objectives. B. Facilitate integration with other relevant planning strategies, such as those for tourism, biodiversity conservation, and protected areas. C. Facilitate integration with the economic development strategies and development control processes. D. Provide guidance on the design and implementation of a public engagement strategy. 2012 USVI Integrated Report E. Provide a structured approach for coordinating the initiatives of the various institutions implementing wetlands-related activities. F. Provide a broader perspective for addressing site-specific issues. Management Plan/Action Plan The wetlands management plan is the action plan for the strategy period, and should: A. Identify priority interventions for the strategy period, setting targets and identifying milestones. B. Assign institutional roles within each area of intervention. C. Establish coordinating mechanisms and structures. D. Identify resource requirements. E. Establish monitoring and evaluation guidelines and procedures for the implementation of the management plan/action plan Institutional Program/Annual Plan Each institution with assigned roles in the management plan/action plan should establish an institutional plan designed to: A. Fulfill the institution’s obligations identified in the Wetlands Strategy and Management Plan. B. Be responsive to the institution’s legal mandate. IMPLEMENTATION AGENDA If the above program elements are used as the guide for the development of a wetlands management program for the USVI, the process of development of an appropriate wetland policy will take a minimum of five (5) years. As such, establishment of some elements will proceed apace, rather than wait on the completion of the policy process. The following actions are proposed as the initial steps in the development of the wetlands management framework for the USVI: 1. Preparation of a Draft Wetlands Policy. 2. Preparation of a Wetlands Management Strategy and Action Plan. 3. Design of inter-agency management structure and preparation of associated collaborative agreement. 4. Preparation of institutional work plans. 5. Development of data management policies and data management mechanisms1. 6. Establishment of framework management support systems (planning, communications, etc.). 7. Establishment and testing of data management system. 8. Preparation of first biennial Territorial Wetlands Report. 9. Preparation of a 5-year work plan. 2012 USVI Integrated Report 10. Preparation of program financing strategy and plan. 11. Convene workshop (finalize report and work plan). G. Water Quality Management Planning Program The Water Quality Management Planning (WQMP) Program was created in 2000. Under the WQMP Grant (pursuant to CWA §604(b)), the V.I. DPNR-DEP is entrusted with the task of planning and implementing Water Quality Management Projects to ensure the protection of the marine waters of the USVI. Several duties that were formerly under the auspices of the Water Pollution Control (WPC) Program were placed under the WQMP. In FY2009, WQMP was merged with WPC, as such the 2010 Integrated Report was drafted by the newly segmented Water Quality Management Program (WQM). WQM is tasked with the following sub-programs:  COASTAL WATER QUALITY (AMBIENT) MONITORING PROGRAM  TMDL DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM  VIRGIN ISLANDS BEACH WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM  WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING GRANT PROGRAM The Coastal Water Quality (Ambient) Monitoring Program is the primary mechanism for monitoring the Virgin Islands coastal water quality. The locations the fixed station network is monitored on a quarterly basis. WQM also manages the VI Beach Water Quality Monitoring Program which monitors 43 designated beaches throughout the Territory on a weekly basis. The Ambient and Beach Programs data are used to make water quality assessments for which this Integrated Report is based. All the monitoring locations are listed in Table II.A.1. The Storage and Retrieval of Water-Related Data (StoRet) program is managed and updated by WQM staff. The monitoring data is uploaded to StoRet via the Water Quality Exchange Web Template. The Assessment Database (ADB) was fully implemented once the Virgin Islands defined assessment units for more comprehensive water quality assessments. ADB is a valuable tool for storing assessment information and retrieving it for reporting purposes. Research Triangle Institute released ADB version 2 for 2002. The data stored in ADB v.2 is more accurate thanks to the VI Standard Waterbody Delineation project. The VI has been steadily upgrading ADB v.2 as necessary. The most current version of ADB is ADB v2.2 1. Other Ambient Monitoring Activities As part WQM, staff takes part in reviews of the Environmental Assessment Reports (EARs) submitted by individuals or groups seeking to acquire land development or earth change permits within the Coastal Zone. EARs are submitted to the DPNR-Division of Coastal Zone Management (CZM), which, in turn, distributes them to various divisions for review. If the CZM permittee's application involves potential impacts to Waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands, a Water Quality Certificate is necessary as part of the CZM Water Permits. 2012 USVI Integrated Report During this reporting period, certificates that were issued are as follows: Table II.G.1 Summary of Issued Water Quality Certificates, FY 2010 - 2011 FY2010 Pre-Application Meetings Attended: 9 Environmental Assessment Reports (EARs) Reviewed: 15 Water Quality Certificates Issued: 1  Virgin Islands Port Authority (WQT-10-0001) FY2011 Environmental Assessment Reports (EARs) Reviewed: STT/STJ - 17 STX - 3 Water Quality Certificates Issued: STT/STJ – 9 STX – 3 Storage and Retrieval Program (STORET) During this reporting cycle, DPNR-DEP used the WQX_Web Template to catalog its water quality monitoring data. After the template was populated, DPNR-DEP uploaded it to the Water Quality Exchange from which it can be queried using StoRet. All data used to make assessments in the FY2012 Integrated Report has been uploaded into WQX Web. Comprehensive Watershed Restoration Action Strategy USEPA guidelines request each state to develop a “comprehensive watershed assessment strategy.” The Department of Planning and Natural Resources continues to work towards its plans to implement this assessment in the current multi-year monitoring strategy. H. Coral Reef Monitoring DPNR-DEP continued the Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE) Project during this reporting cycle. All though no RARE samples were collected in FY10; RARE monitoring was conducted and completed in conjunction with BWQM in March and April FY11. 2012 USVI Integrated Report III. SURFACE WATER MONITORING & ASSESSMENT A. Surface Water Monitoring Program DPNR-DEP work plans require quarterly monitoring of seventy-seven (77) stations around St. Croix, sixty-eight (68) stations around St. Thomas, and eighteen (18) around St. John. These sites are located offshore and are sampled by WPC staff using a vessel. DPNR-DEP expanded the monitoring network to include deep-water offshore sites at the outer rim of the USVI’s three-mile boundary. Some sites in the St. John network were abandoned in this reporting cycle due to their location within the jurisdiction of expanded federal waters of national parks and monuments. 1. Monitoring Sites Table III.A.1. Virgin Islands Ambient Monitoring Sites (153). St. Croix 67 Sites Stations Class Location Stations Class Location STC-1 B Lagoon Recreational Beach STC-25 B Long Point Bay STC-2 B Ft. Louise Augusta Beach STC-26 B Good Hope Beach STC-3 B Buccaneer Hotel STC-27 B Frederiksted Public Pool STC-4 B Tamarind Reef Lagoon STC-28 C Frederiksted Pier STC-5 B Green Cay Marina STC-29 B Frederiksted Public Beach STC-6 A Buck Island Beach STC-30 B Sprat Hall Beach STC-7 A Buck Island Anchorage STC-31 B Davis Bay STC-8 B Reef Club Beach STC-33 B Salt River Marina STC-9 B St. Croix Yacht Club Beach STC-33A B Salt River (Columbus Landing Beach) STC-10 B Cramer Park STC-33B B Salt River Bay STC-11B B Jack Bay, Forereef STC-34 B St. Croix By the Sea STC-12 B Divi (Turner Hole Beach) STC-35 B Long Reef Forereef West STC-13A B Great Pond STC-35A B LBJ (Pump Station) Outfall STC-13B B Robin Bay STC-36 B Long Reef Forereef East STC-14A B Manchenil Bay STC-37 B Christiansted Harbor Entrance West STC-14B B Halfpenny Backreef STC-38 B Christiansted Harbor Entrance East STC-15 B Canegarden Bay (Gut) STC-39 C Altoona Lagoon Inlet STC-15A B Canegarden Bay STC-40 C St. Croix Marine 2012 USVI Integrated Report STC-16 C HOVENSA East Turning Basin, NW Corner STC-41 C Gallows Bay STC-17 C HOVENSA West Turning Basin, NE Corner STC-42 C Public Wharf STC-18 C Limetree Bay Container Port STC-43 C Water Gut Storm Drain STC-19 C Krause Lagoon Channel STC-44 C Protestant Cay Beach STC-20 C Alumina Plant Dock STC-45 C Christiansted Harbor STC-21 B Spoils Island (Ruth Island) STC-46 C V. I Water and Power Intake STC-22A B Treatment Plant (POTW) Outfall STC-47 B Mill Harbor Condominiums STC-23 B Public Dump STC-48 B Long Reef Back Reef West STC-24B B Rum Plant (VI Rum) Outfall STC-49 B Long Reef Back Reef East STC-OFF1 B NW-1 STC-OFF2 B SE-1 STC-OFF3 B SW-1 STC-OFF4 B North-2 STC-OFF5 B East-2 STC-OFF6 B South-2 STC-OFF7 B West-3 STC-OFF8 B North-3 STC-OFF9 B SW-3 STC-OFF10 B SE-3 STC-OFF11 B North-4 STC-OFF12 B SW-4 STC-OFF13 B SE-4 St. Thomas 68 Sites Stations Class Location Stations Class Location STT-1 C Crown Bay, Near Outfall STT-22B B Vessup Bay STT-2 C Crown Bay, Near Tamarind Outlet STT-23 B Great Bay STT-3 C Subbase STT-24 B Cowpet Bay STT-4 B Krum Bay STT-25 B Nazareth Bay STT-5A B Lindbergh Bay, East STT-26 B Benner Bay STT-5B B Lindbergh Bay, West STT-27A B Mangrove Lagoon, Near Treatment Plant STT-6B B Airport College Cove STT-27B B Mangrove Lagoon, Off Sanitary Landfill STT-6C B S.W. Road, Near Red Point Outfall STT-27C B Mangrove Lagoon, Near Tropical Marine Fuel Dock STT-7A B Brewers Bay STT-27D B Mangrove Lagoon, Near LaVida Marina STT-7B B Perserverance Bay STT-27E B Mangrove Lagoon, Near Compass Point STT-8 B Fortuna Bay STT-28A B Bovoni Bay 2012 USVI Integrated Report STT-9 B Botany Bay STT-28B B Bolongo Bay STT-10 B Stumpy Bay STT-29A B Frenchman’s Bay STT-11 B Santa Maria Bay STT-29B B Limetree STT-12 B Caret Bay STT-30 B Morning Star Bay STT-13 B Dorothea STT-31A B Flamboyant Cove STT-14 B Hull Bay STT-31B B Hassel Island, off Navy dock STT-15 B Magens Bay STT-31C B Hassel Island, Careening Cove STT-15A B Magens Bay, N.E. STT-32A C Long Bay, Near South Dolphin STT-15B B Magens Bay, NW.. STT-32B C Long Bay, N.E. Corner STT-16A B Mandahl Bay STT-33A C Long Bay, Off Outfall STT-16B B Mandahl Bay Entrance STT-33B C Long Bay, Off Outfall STT-17A B Spring Bay STT-35 C Groden Bay STT-17B B Sunsi Bay STT-36 C STT Harbor, North of Coast Guard Dock STT-18 B Coki Point Bay STT-37 C St. Thomas Harbor, Cay Bay STT-19 B Water Bay STT-38 C Haulover Cut STT-20 B Smith Bay STT-39 B Water Isle, East Gregorie Channel STT-21A B St. John Bay STT-40 B Water Isle Hotel, Beach STT-21B B Red Bay STT-41 B Water Island Flamingo Bay STT-22A B Red Hook Bay STT-42 B Water Island Sprat Bay STT-OFF1 B STT-OFF1 STT-OFF8 B STT-OFF8 STT-OFF2 B STT-OFF2 STT-OFF9 B STT-OFF9 STT-OFF5 B STT-OFF5 STT-OFF11 B STT-OFF11 STT-OFF6 B STT-OFF6 STT-OFF12 B STT-OFF12 St. John 18 Sites Stations Class Location Stations Class Location STJ-43A B Cruz Bay, North STJ-48 B Fish Bay STJ-43B B Cruz Bay, South STJ-53 B Coral Harbor STJ-43C B Cruz Bay, North of Seaplane Ramp STJ-55 B Turner Bay STJ-43D B Cruz Bay Creek North STJ-56 B Johnson Bay STJ-45 B Great Cruz Bay STJ-57 B Round Bay STJ-46 B Chocolate Hole STJ-58 B Privateer Bay STJ-47 B Rendezvous Bay STJ-OFF3 B STJ-OFF3 STJ-OFF10 B STJ-OFF10 2012 USVI Integrated Report STJ-OFF4 B STJ-OFF4 STJ-OFF13 B STJ-OFF13 STJ-OFF7 B STJ-OFF7 2. Monitoring Measurements At each station, field measurements are made of the following: Turbidity: expressed in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU’s) measured 1 meter below the surface and 1 meter above the sea floor (or at the max depth of the instrument (~30 m)) using an EPA approved field instrument. Dissolved Oxygen: expressed in mg/l saturation and measured 1 meter below the surface and 1 meter above the sea floor (or at the max depth of the instrument (~30 m)) with an EPA approved field instrument. pH: expressed in Standard Units (SU) measured 1 meter below the surface and 1 meter above the sea floor (or at the max depth of the instrument (~30 m)) with an EPA approved field instrument. Temperature: expressed in degrees Centigrade measured 1 meter below the surface and 1 meter above the sea floor (or at the max depth of the instrument (~30 m)) with an EPA approved field instrument. Salinity: expressed in parts per thousand and measured 1 meter below the surface and 1 meter above the sea floor (or at the max depth of the instrument (~30 m)). Secchi Depth: expressed in meters by a secchi depth recording light transparency. Bacteria: Water samples are collected by surface grab sample at each station on a quarterly basis and taken to a DPNR certified laboratory where they are analyzed for Fecal Coliform and Enterococci bacteria. Results are expressed as number of colonies per 100 milliliters. Analysis is performed utilizing an EPA approved methodology. The geometric mean is also factored in before it is determined that an assessment does not meet the water quality standard. Total Suspended Solids: Water samples are collected by surface grab sample at each station on an annual basis and taken to a DPNR certified laboratory where they are analyzed utilizing an EPA approved methodology. Total Phosphorous / Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen: Water samples are collected by surface grab samples at each station on an annual basis and taken to a DPNR certified laboratory where they are analyzed utilizing an EPA approved methodology. DPNR-DEP is working to increase the sampling frequency for these parameters. A lack of resources, to include scheduling conflicts with the local lab, has resulted in limited sampling. Currently, the local lab is being checked for quality assurance issues and the efficiency of the methods used is also being evaluated. Once these issues are assessed, it is anticipated that the monitoring frequency will be increased. 2012 USVI Integrated Report 3. 2010 and 2011 Monitoring Frequency During this reporting period Ambient Monitoring was conducted for 1 quarter for FY2010 and for 2 quarters for FY2011. DPNR-DEP also conducted BEACH sampling on a weekly basis. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure III.A.1 St. Croix Water Quality Monitoring Network Figure III.A.2 St. Thomas/St. John Water Quality Monitoring Network 2012 USVI Integrated Report 4. Toxics/biological monitoring No monitoring for toxics or biological effects is conducted in the Virgin Islands for lack of baseline standards for Virgin Islands conditions. According to the Virgin Islands multi-year monitoring strategy, DPNR will explore options for implementing a biological component of the Ambient Monitoring Program. This may include developing a partnership with NOAA or another agency with similar monitoring objectives. 5. Fish tissue, sediment, and shellfish monitoring: The Virgin Islands Water Pollution Control program does not include toxic chemicals or biological monitoring. The program also does not monitor fish tissue, sediment or shellfish for toxicity. A background analysis of ambient water quality has not yet been performed to support the adoption of criteria for toxic chemicals (1996 VI 305(b)). 6. Quality assurance/quality control program The US Virgin Islands DPNR-DEP’s Quality Assurance (QA) Program is committed to assuring and improving the quality of all environmental measurements performed by and for the Department. The goal of the QA program is for the acquisition of reliable and defensible environmental data. It is the policy of DPNR that adequate QA activities are conducted within the agency to ensure that all environmental data generated and processed be scientifically valid, of known precision and accuracy, of acceptable completeness, representative, comparability and where appropriate, legally defensible. During Fiscal Years 2010 and 2011 QA activities such as program technical audits, file audits, revision of the Quality Assurance Management Plan, Management System Reviews, review of program and contractual Quality Assurance Project Plans, review of all program Standard Operating Procedures, and Laboratory Certifications were performed. DPNR has a full-time QA/QC Officer who also acts as the Laboratory Certification Officer for the Department. 7. Volunteer monitoring DPNR had no monitoring volunteers during the reporting period. Volunteer monitoring, however, is being planned for implementation in future water quality monitoring program activities. 8. Program evaluation • A background analysis of ambient water quality is needed to support the adoption of specific criteria for toxic pollutants (1998 305(b) Report). As part of the 2004 US Virgin Islands Water Quality Standards revision, the national recommended criteria were adopted; • New equipment and staff training is needed to assess water quality for the development of toxic and biological criteria (1998 305(b) Report); • Revisions of the existing Local Water Pollution Control Act and regulation are needed to enhance the program’s ability to enforce its laws and statutes; 2012 USVI Integrated Report • Revisions to the Water Quality Standards and criteria to include numeric values instead of narrative description of desired water quality; • Stormwater regulations are being implemented within the TPDES permitting program. B. Assessment Methodology Purpose: The Clean Water Act requires each state, territory and tribe to conduct water quality surveys to determine if its waters are healthy and have sufficient quality to meet their designated uses and attain water quality standards. A report on this water quality assessment is submitted every two years to US Environmental Protection Agency – Region 2. The report incorporates physical, chemical, and microbiological data from the StoRet database, habitat assessments, and beach monitoring data (fish kills/advisories, oil spills, beach closings, etc.). Use of data is subject to availability. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency encourages states, territories and tribes to adopt the Integrated Reporting format which blends elements of the 305(b) Water Quality Assessment Report and the 303(d) Impaired Waterbody List. The United States Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR-DEP) uses this format to more accurately and completely assess USVI’s waterbodies. Complete assessments include: Identification of waterbody type. All waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall meet generally accepted aesthetic qualifications and shall be capable of supporting diversified aquatic life. All waters within the jurisdiction of the United States of the Virgin Islands including all harbors, streams, lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs, marshes, water-courses, water-ways, wells, springs, irrigation systems, drainage systems and all other bodies or accumulations of water, surface and underground, natural or artificial, public or private, situated wholly or partly within or bordering upon the United States Virgin Islands, including the territorial seas, contiguous zones, and oceans. Assessments of these “waters” shall be included in the U.S. Virgin Islands 2012 Integrated Report. All available groundwater data will be reviewed for possible inclusion in the report and Division of Environmental Protection’s Groundwater Program will provide groundwater discussion in the 2012 Integrated Report. Identification of waterbody classification and designated use. According to the US Virgin Islands water quality standards, the waters of the Virgin Islands exist in one of three classes: A, B and C. The following describes the geographical extent of the three waterbody classes, the associated designated uses, and the applicable water quality standards. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Class “A” Waters Best usage of waters: Preservation of natural phenomena requiring special conditions, such as the Natural Barrier Reef at Buck Island, St. Croix and the Under Water Trail at Trunk Bay, St. John. These are outstanding natural resource waters that cannot be altered except towards natural conditions. No new or increased dischargers shall be permitted. Quality criteria: Existing natural conditions shall not be changed. The biological condition shall be similar or equivalent to reference condition for biological integrity. In no case shall Class B water quality standards be exceeded. Legal Limits (1) Within 0.5 miles of the boundaries of Buck Island’s Natural Barrier Reef, St. Croix. Figure 1. Class A - Buck Island, St. Croix 2012 USVI Integrated Report (2) Trunk Bay, St. John. Figure 2. Class A - Trunk Bay, St. John Class “B” Waters. Best usage of waters: For maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened, endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code) and for primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). This Class allows minimal changes in structure of the biotic community and minimal changes in ecosystem function. Virtually all native taxa are maintained with some changes in biomass and/or abundance; ecosystem functions are fully maintained within the range of natural variability. (1) All other waters not classified as Class “A” or Class “C”. Legal Limits (A) Those Class “B” waters not covered by color and turbidity criteria in section 186-3(b)(11) of this chapter include: 2012 USVI Integrated Report (i) St. Thomas waters-Mandahl Bay (Marina), Vessup Bay, Water Bay, Benner Bay, and the Mangrove Lagoon. (ii) St. Croix waters-Carlton Beach, Good Hope Beach, Salt River Lagoon (Marina), Salt River Lagoon (Sugar Bay), Estate Anguilla Beach, Buccaneer Beach, Tamarind Reef Lagoon, Green Cay Beach and Enfield Green Beach. (iii) All non-marine waters defined as all Virgin Islands waters shoreward of the mean high-tide line. (B) All other Class “B” waters are covered by the color and turbidity criteria in section 186- 3(b)(11)(B) of this subchapter. Figure 3. Class B - St. Croix (only marine waters displayed) 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure 4. Class B - St. Thomas and St. John (only marine waters displayed) Class “C” Waters Best usage of waters: For maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened and endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code) and for primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). This Class allows for evident changes in structure of the biotic community and minimal changes in ecosystem function. Evident changes in structure due to loss of some rare native taxa; shifts in relative abundance of taxa (community structure) are allowed but sensitive-ubiquitous taxa remain common and abundant; ecosystem functions are fully maintained through redundant attributes of the system. Legal Limits (1) St. Thomas: (A) St. Thomas Harbor beginning at Rupert Rock and extending to Haulover Cut. (B) Crown Bay enclosed by a line from Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point at West Gregerie Channel. (C) Krum Bay. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure 5. Class C - St. Thomas Harbor, Crown Bay and Krum Bay, St. Thomas (2) St. Croix: (A) Christiansted Harbor from Fort Louise Augusta to Golden Rock, along the waterfront and seaward to include the navigational channels and mooring areas. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure 6. Class C - Christiansted Harbor, St. Croix (B) Frederiksted Harbor from La Grange to Fisher Street and seaward to the end of the Frederiksted Pier. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure 7. Class C - Frederiksted Harbor, St. Croix (C) Hess Oil Virgin Islands Harbor (alternatively named HOVENSA Harbor). (D) Martin-Marietta Alumina Harbor (alternatively named Port Alucroix or St. Croix Renaissance Group Harbor). 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure 8. Class C - HOVENSA Harbor and St. Croix Renaissance Group Harbor, (3) St. John: (A) Enighed Pond Bay 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure 9. Class C - Enighed Pond, St. John Summary of Criterion Levels of Virgin Islands Water Quality Standards: Class A Quality criteria: Existing natural conditions shall not be changed. The biological condition shall be similar or equivalent to reference condition for biological integrity. In no case shall Class B water quality standards be exceeded. Criterion Class B Class C Dissolved Oxygen Not less than 5.5 mg/l from other than natural conditions Not less than 5.0 mg/l from other than natural conditions 2012 USVI Integrated Report pH <8.3 Tolerable Limit >7.0 Normal range of pH must not be extended at any location by more than ±0.1 pH unit. <8.5 Tolerable Limit>6.7 Normal range of pH must not be extended at any location by more than ±0.1 pH unit. Temperature Not to exceed 32° Celsius at any time, nor as a result of waste discharge to be greater than 1°C above normal. Not to exceed 32° Celsius at any time, nor as a result of waste discharge to be greater than 1°C above normal. Bacteria A geometric (log) mean of 70fecal coliforms per 100 ml by MF or MPN count Not to exceed a geometric mean of 35 enterococci per 100 ml, not to exceed a single sample maximum of 104 per 100 ml at any time. A geometric (log) mean of 200 fecal coliforms per 100 ml by MF or MPN count Not to exceed a geometric mean of 35 enterococci per 100 ml, not to exceed a single sample maximum of 104 per 100 ml at any time Chlorine The 4-day average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 7.5 ug/l. The 1-hour average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 13 ug/l The 4-day average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 7.5 ug/l. The 1-hour average concentration of Chlorine shall not exceed 13 ug/l Phosphorus Total P shall not exceed 50 ug/L any coastal waters Total P shall not exceed 50 ug/L any coastal waters Suspended, colloidal or settleable solids None from wastewater sources which will cause disposition or be deleterious for the designated uses shall be present in any waters. None from wastewater sources which will cause disposition or be deleterious for the designated uses shall be present in any waters. Oil and Floating substances No residue attributable to waste water. No visible film; no globules of grease shall be present in any waters. No residue attributable to waste water. No visible film; no globules of grease shall be present in any waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Radioactivity Gross Beta: 1000 picocuries per liter, in the absence of Sr 90 and alpha emitters Radium-226: 3 picocuries per liter Strontium-90: 10 picocuries per liter Same as Class B Taste and Odor None in amounts to interfere with use for primary contact recreation, potable water supply or to render undesirable taste or odor to edible aquatic life Same as Class B Color and Turbidity A secchi disc shall be visible at a minimum depth of one meter A maximum nephelometric turbidity unit reading of three (3) shall be permissible A secchi disc shall be visible at a minimum depth of one meter Toxicity The applicable numeric water quality standards for toxic pollutants to protect the designated uses of waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall be the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) national recommended Clean Water Act section 304(a) water quality criteria, EPA's Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology (4304T), 2006, which is incorporated by reference for: the protection of saltwater aquatic life from acute (criterion maximum concentration) and chronic (criterion continuous concentration) effects; and, the protection of human health from the consumption of organisms. The applicable criteria may be found at: http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/wqctable/index.html 2012 USVI Integrated Report Biocriteria The Territory shall preserve, protect, and restore water resources to their most natural condition. The condition of these waterbodies shall be determined from measures of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of each waterbody class, according to its designated use. As a component of these measures, the Territory may consider the biological integrity of the benthic communities living within waters. These communities shall be assessed by comparison to reference conditions(s) with similar abiotic and biotic environmental settings that represent the optimal or least disturbed condition for that system. Such reference conditions shall be those observed to support the greatest community diversity, and abundance of aquatic life as is expected to be or has been historically found in natural settings essentially undisturbed or minimally disturbed by human impacts, development, or discharges. This condition shall be determined by consistent sampling and reliable measures of selected indicator communities of flora and/or fauna and may be used in conjunction with other measures of water quality. Waters shall be of a sufficient quality to support a resident biological community as defined by metrics based upon reference conditions. These narrative biological criteria shall apply to fresh water, wetlands, estuarine, mangrove, seagrass, coral reef and other marine ecosystems based upon their respective reference conditions and metrics. General water quality criteria These waters shall be free of substances attributable to municipal, industrial, or other discharges or wastes as follows: (1) Materials that will settle to form objectionable deposits. (2) Floating debris, oils, scum, and other matter. (3) Substances producing objectionable color, odor, taste, or turbidity. (4) Materials, including radionuclides, in concentrations or combinations which are toxic or which produce undesirable physiological responses in human, fish and other animal life, and plants. (5) Substances and conditions or combinations thereof in concentrations which produce undesirable aquatic life. (6) Exotic or aquatic nuisance species. 2012 USVI Integrated Report All waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall meet generally accepted aesthetic qualifications and shall be capable of supporting diversified aquatic life. "Waters" of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall be defined, as follows, as in by Title 12, Chapter 7, Section I82(f) of the Virgin Islands Code; "Waters of the United States Virgin Islands" means all waters within the jurisdiction of the United States Virgin Islands including all harbors, streams, lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs, marshes, water-courses, water- ways, wells, springs, irrigation systems, drainage systems and all other bodies or accumulations of water, surface and underground, natural or artificial, public or private, situated wholly or partly within or bordering upon the United States Virgin Islands, including the territorial seas, contiguous zones, and oceans." ** Information listed in the table above is from the USVI Water Quality Standards promulgated on June 11, 2010 Inventory of physical, chemical and microbiological data The Division of Environmental Protection’s Coastal Water Quality (Ambient) Monitoring Program is managed by the Water Quality Management Program (WQMP). Through the Coastal Water Quality Monitoring Program, ambient water quality is monitored on a quarterly basis, WQMP also monitors designated recreational beaches on a weekly basis through the Beach Water Quality Monitoring Program. The inventory of physical, chemical and microbiological data used to develop 2012 Integrated Report and make water quality assessments are StoRet data extracts from fiscal years 2010-2011 from the Ambient and Beach Water Quality Monitoring Programs. The parameters used to perform the assessments are parameters which were analyzed by the Ocean Systems Laboratory. These parameters include: Fecal Coliform, Enterococci, Turbidity and Total Phosphorus. The Assessment Database (ADB) is a valuable tool in storing information regarding designated uses for waterbodies. ADB is also useful in storing pollutant and stressor data pertinent to making accurate assessments and ADB also stores cause and source data. Habitat assessment data inventory The US Virgin Islands Division of Fish and Wildlife has been identified as a possible data source for habitat assessments. However, there is no habitat assessment data available at this time. If data is available in the future it will be included in future water quality assessment reports. Visual Data Sources The Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection keeps a log of all incidents of oil spills, fish kills and other events that had a negative impact on the water quality in the US Virgin Islands. It was determined that there were no visual data sources to be 2012 USVI Integrated Report reported on or included for this reporting cycle. If data is available it will be included in future reports. Identify exceedences of water quality standards The US Virgin Islands water quality standards set limits for various criteria. All readily available data that meet quality assurance/quality control requirements will be compared to the limits set by the USVI water quality standards to determine which waterbodies exceed these limits. During this reporting cycle the parameters listed below were assessed in the following manner: Parameter Source Data Type Assessment Method Enteroccoci Ambient Shall not exceed single sample max of 104/100ml Beach Shall not exceed geometric mean on quarterly basis Fecal Coliform Ambient Shall not exceed single sample max of 70/100ml Turbidity Ambient Beach Averaged on quarterly basis; shall not exceed 3NTU Total Phosphorus RARE Shall not exceed 50 ug/l Designated Use Attainment The VI Water Quality Standards identify specific designated uses for the waters of the US Virgin Islands according to their waterbody classifications. Designated uses include:  maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened, endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code)  primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). The Department uses both numeric and narrative criteria to protect designated uses. Numeric criteria are estimates of constituent concentrations that are protective of the designated uses. Narrative criteria are non-numeric descriptions of conditions to be attained/maintained or avoided. Parameters for Designated Use Assessments Designated Use Data Requirements (Minimum Parameters Used For Assessments) Maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life pH DO Temperature Total Phosphorus Turbidity Primary contact recreation 2012 USVI Integrated Report Data gaps and error control It is understood that the US Virgin Islands has a number of data gaps. These gaps are not limited to existing data sets, but it can also refer to the lack of certain types of data. The Integrated Report will make mention of US Virgin Islands data gaps. The table below lists potential data gaps which DPNR intends to work on developing a data document in collaboration with EPA Region 2 in the near future. Any data gaps that are identified will be included in the multi-year monitoring strategy for resolution. Potential Data Gaps for Which Assessment Methodologies May Need to be Developed Beach closure data Habitat assessment data Toxicity and toxicant data Wetland assessment data Intermittent streams data “Natural” levels relative to the DO and temperature standards “Normal range” relative to pH standard “Existing natural conditions” in Class A waters Narrative criteria, as listed in Section 186-1(c) of the VI WQS Regulations Biocriteria, as described in Section 186-1(b) of the VI WQS Regulations Radioactivity data The US Virgin Islands will make every effort to control errors that may have been reported in data. Data determined to be erroneous or flawed based on the program’s data quality objectives established in the Coastal Water Quality Monitoring (Ambient) and Beach Water Quality Monitoring Programs Quality Assurance Project Plans will be discarded. Evaluation of this reporting cycle’s has determined that the following parameters be used to perform assessments and the subsequent table list parameters not used to make assessments: Parameters Source Data Type Enteroccoci Ambient Beach Fecal Coliform Ambient Turbidity Ambient Beach Total Phosphorus RARE Parameters Not Used in This Reporting Cycle Assessments Source Data Type Dissolved Oxygen Ambient Turbidity (Multi-parameter Sonde) Ambient pH Ambient Temperature Ambient 2012 USVI Integrated Report Natural Disasters Hurricane season in the US Virgin Islands lasts from June through November each year. There was no sampling during this reporting cycle related to natural disasters. However, the following storm events occurred: Hurricane Earl: August 31, 2010 visual assessments conducted; no water quality samples were collected/analyzed Tropical Storm Otto: October 6, 2010 visual assessments conducted; no water quality samples were collected/analyzed Evaluation of Internal Data Due to issues with internal data collection, which included malfunctioning equipment, USEPA evaluated DPNR Basic Water Quality Monitoring Program data for FY2010 and 2011 and determined there could be no reliance on any DO, pH, turbidity and temperature data reported from the field. Therefore, DPNR was required to use only the beach monitoring data (enterococci and turbidity (analyzed at the lab); data received during the 2012 Integrated Report Data Solicitation Process announced on September 1, 2011; and Analytical Data for bacteria grab samples and turbidity (analyzed at the lab) to conduct assessments for the 2012 Integrated Report. The data used for assessments were uploaded to the StoRet Database via the Water Quality Exchange. The figures below display DPNR’s monitoring locations for its Ambient and Beach Programs: St. Croix Water Quality Monitoring Network 2012 USVI Integrated Report St. Thomas/St. John Water Quality Monitoring Network 2012 USVI Integrated Report DPNR evaluates all internal monitoring data to determine if the Data Quality Objectives outlined in the USVI Ambient Water Quality Monitoring Program Quality Assurance Project Plan are met i.e. compliance with the Relative Percent Difference (RPD) of 30 or less. Once the data is determined to meet the required objectives, for example the RPD, the data is used to conduct the assessments for the reporting cycle. The elements evaluated are as follows: Precision and accuracy The precision and accuracy of data are determined by particular actions of the analytical laboratory and field staff, which are outlined in the relative SOPs and QAPPs. WQM staff ensures timely and efficient calibration and maintenance of the multi-parameter sonde, in accordance with DPNR-DEP’s YSI 6600 Sonde Operation and Maintenance - SOP. The WQM staff also assures that water samples and related field data are collected at the right locations. Once at the prescribed location staff makes every effort to record field data accurately and enter into the databases for uploading to EPA StoRet, in accordance with the WQX_Web Data Entry SOP. Staff collect field samples in a manner that would limit or prevent sample contamination and deliver samples to laboratory within sufficient time such that the samples can be analyzed within the correct holding time. Staff also fill out required field and lab submittal paperwork, which is also in accordance with the Data Collection and Sample Handling – Ambient Water Quality Monitoring SOP. After data is analyzed and results are received from the laboratory all documents are stored in accordance with Filing of Ambient Field Data Forms and Associated Paperwork SOP. The precision of data is a measure of the reproducibility of the measurement when an analysis is repeated. The precision of selected chemical analyses will be examined by using standard solutions and comparison of duplicate analysis. Relative percent difference (RPD) will be calculated for field duplicate analysis to assess precision of field collection procedure. Laboratory precision will be determined by calculating RPD of results of “unknown” analysis and laboratory duplicate analysis. The acceptable RPD is 30 or less. The following is the formula used for calculation of RPD: RPD = {(C1 - C2)/[ (C1 + C2)/2]} x 100 RPD= Relative Percent Difference C1= Larger of two observed values C2= Smaller of two observe values Representativeness The representativeness of the data is mainly dependent on the sampling locations and the sampling procedures adequately representing the true condition of the sample site. Sampling station siting, and use of only approved/documented analytical methods will determine that the measurement data represent the conditions at the site, to the extent possible. It is well known that water flowing past a given location on land is constantly changing in response to inflow, tidal cycle, weather, etc. Sampling schedules will be designed with respect to frequency, locations and methodology in order to maximize representativeness, where possible and applicable. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Laboratory representativeness will be achieved by following analytical procedure and standard operating procedures, meeting holding times, and assessment and comparison of field duplicate samples. Comparability The comparability of data produced by and for DPNR is predetermined by the commitment of its staff and analytical laboratories to use standardized methods, where possible, including EPA approved analytical methods, or documented modifications thereof which provide equal or better results. These methods have specified units in which the results are to be reported. Completeness The completeness of data is basically a relationship of how much of the data is available for use compared to the total potential data before any conclusion is reached. Ideally, 100% of the data should be available. However, the possibility of data becoming unavailable due to laboratory error, insufficient sample volume, or samples broken in shipping must be expected. Also, unexpected situations may arise where field conditions do not allow for 100% data completeness. Failure to achieve 100% data completeness usually will result from the field crew’s inability to sample at stations because of logistical barriers, such as insufficient depth, or adverse weather conditions. In the limited number of instances where these may be encountered, efforts will be made to relocate the station in an adjacent area or re- sample the station. In addition, established protocols for tracking samples during shipment and laboratory processing must be followed to minimize data loss following successful sample collection. The Department has various completeness goals: 100% for data collection and data usage, which directly correlates to a 100% goal for data used to make assessments. However, if less than 8-quarters of data are collected then the Department will not be able to de-list assessment units eligible for delisting. It is the responsibility of the program manager to verify that the data are representative and completeness is achieved while the analytical data's precision, accuracy, and comparability are mainly the responsibility of the laboratory supervisor. Data From Other Sources DPNR will consider data received during its Data Solicitation period for the submission of the draft 303(d) Total Maximum Daily Load List. All data received will be reviewed for credibility and if determined to be of high quality and of great significance it may be added as an appendix. Otherwise, the data received after solicitation process will be considered during the next cycle. Other data sources refer to any data that was collected outside of the US Virgin Islands Department of Planning & Natural Resources. The following agencies were contacted to request data during the Data Solicitation Period. The agencies were asked to submit all relative monitoring data for the monitoring period with the associated Quality Assurance Project Plan: Contact Name Title Agency Data Received Kofi Boateng Associate UVI-CES No data submitted 2012 USVI Integrated Report State Director Jeffrey Potent - USEPA Region 2 (who was no longer in position) No data submitted Rafe Boufon - National Park Service No data submitted Barbara S.P. Moore Director NOAA/National Undersea Research Program No data submitted Eric Hawk Section 7 Coordinator National Marine Fisheries Service No data submitted Richard Nemeth, Ph.D. Director UVI-CMES No data submitted Pedro Diaz - USGS/GSA Center No data submitted Edwin Muniz Supervisor USFW/PR Field Office No data submitted *DPNR-DEP intends to add representatives from both the VI Department of Health and the National Resource Conservation Service to this list for the next reporting cycle. Once received the QAPP and data would be evaluated to determine if DPNR’s Data Quality Objectives were met. If the data is determined to be acceptable then the data would be used in the reporting cycle’s assessments. A rationale for any decision to not use any existing and readily available data and information would also be included in the Integrated Report. DPNR, however, did not receive data from external sources during the data solicitation period for the FY2010 and 2011 reporting cycle. DPNR also intends to develop a Standard Operating Procedure for the evaluation of secondary data which will clearly articulate acceptance criteria. That criteria once developed will be incorporated into the relative version of the Assessment Methodology. Monitored Waters The coastal waters of the Virgin Islands are evaluated for the following uses: Primary Contact Recreation and Aquatic Life Use Support. All existing and readily available data and information will be assembled and used in the assessment. Island # of Assessment Units (AUs) AUs Monitored (% of Total) St. Croix 84 37 (44%) St. Thomas 59 40 (68%) St. John 33 13 (40%) * AUs not monitored were either missed during monitoring events or currently do not have monitoring locations within them 2012 USVI Integrated Report Assessment Unit ID Assessment Unit Name & Class Frequency/Parameters Associated Monitoring Stations Monitoring Frequency for Reporting Cycle VI-STT-01 Botany Bay Class B pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Depth, Salinity, Secchi, Fecal Coliform/Enterococci Bacteria, Turbidity monitored Quarterly STT-9 Botany Bay STT-9 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-02 Stumpy Bay Class B STT-10 Stumpy Bay STT-10 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-03 Botany Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-04 Santa Maria Bay Class B STT-11 Santa Maria Bay STT-11 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-05 Caret Bay Class B STT-12 Caret Bay STT-12 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-06 Neltjeberg Bay Class B STT-13B Neltjeberg Bay Not monitored VI-STT-07 Dorothea Class B STT-13 Dorothea STT-13 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-08 Hull Bay Class B STT-14 Hull Bay, VI616865 Hull Bay STT-14 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI616865 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-09 Dorothea Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-10 Magens Bay Class B STT-15, STT- 15A, STT-15B Magens Bay, VI672756 Magens Bay STT-15, 15A and 15B --05/13/10: all parameters --03/8/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI672756 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-11 Northwest St. Thomas HUC14, offshore Class B STT-OFF1 STT NW-1, STT- OFF9 STT NW-3 Not monitored VI-STT-12 Lovenlund Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-13 Mandahl Bay (Marina) Class B STT-16B Mandahl Bay Entrance, STT- 16C Mandahl Point Entrance STT-16B --05/13/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored except pH monitored STT-16C –Not monitored VI-STT-14 Tutu Bay There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-15 Sunsi Bay Class B STT-17B Sunsi Bay STT-17B --05/13/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters VI-STT-16 Spring Bay Class B STT-17A Spring Bay STT-17A --05/13/10: all parameters --03/9/11: all parameters VI-STT-17 Mandahl Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B STT-16A Mandahl Bay, STT-18 Coki Point Bay , VI577932 Coki Point STT-16A --05/17/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-18 --05/17/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/26/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI577932 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-18 Water Bay Class B STT-19 Water Bay, VI591668 Water Bay STT-19 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI591668 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-19 Smith Bay Class B STT-20 Smith Bay, VI431925 Lindquist Beach STT-20 --05/13/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI431925 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-20 Smith Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-21 St. John Bay Class B STT-21A St. John Bay, VI327776 Sapphire Beach STT-21A --05/13/10: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI327776 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-22 Red Bay Class B STT-21B Red Bay STT-21B --05/13/10: all parameters --03/22/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-23 Vessup Bay Class B STT-22B Vessup Bay, USGS-5026300 0 Vessup Bay West STT-22B --05/13/10: all parameters --03/22/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-24 Red Hook Bay Class B STT-22A Red Hook Bay, USGS- 50263500 Vessup Bay East, VI764950 Vessup Bay STT-22A --05/13/10: all parameters --03/22/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI764950 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-25 Great Bay Class B STT-23 Great Bay, VI505006 Bluebeards Beach STT-23 --06/16/10: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI505006 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-26 Red Hook Bay, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-27 St. James Islands, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-28 Cowpet Bay Class B STT-24 Cowpet Bay, STT-24A Cowpet Bay West STT-24, 24A --06/16/10: all parameters --03/22/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-29 St. James Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT- 30A Northeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore north Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT- 30B Northeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore south Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-31 Nazareth Bay Class B STT-25B Secret Harbour, STT- 26, STT-26A Benner Bay, VI389422 Secret Harbor STT-25B – Not monitoring STT-26 --06/16/10: all parameters --7/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-32 Jersey Bay, offshore Class B STT-25 Nazareth Bay STT-25 --06/16/10: all parameters --7/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-33 Benner Bay Class B USGS- 50265900 Benner Bay South Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-34 Benner Bay Lagoon Marina Class B STT-27D Mangrove Lagoon, Near Lavida Marina, STT-27E Mangrove Lagoon, Near Compass Point, USGS- 50265700 Benner Bay North STT-27D and STT-27E --05/11/10: all parameters --03/22/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-35 Mangrove Lagoon Class B STT-27A Mangrove Lagoon, Near Treatment Plant, STT-27B Mangrove Lagoon, Off Sanitary Landfill (East of Ecotours), STT-27C Mangrove Lagoon, Near Tropical Marine Fuel Dock, USGS- 50278800 Mangrove Lagoon West, USGS- 50278500 Mangrove Lagoon East STT-27A, STT-27B and STT-27C --05/11/10: all parameters --03/22/11: all parameters --07/20/11: all parameters except pH monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-36 Frenchman Bay subwatershed, east Class B STT-28A Bovoni Bay,STT-28B Bolongo Bay, VI951607 Bolongo Bay STT-28A --06/16/10: all parameters; except DO --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-28B --06/16/10: all parameters; except DO, TSS, F. Coliform or Enterococci --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI891065 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-37 Frenchman Bay Class B STT-29A Frenchman Bay, VI891065 Frenchman’s Bay STT-29A --06/16/10: all parameters; except DO --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI891065 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-38 Limetree Bay Class B STT-29B Limetree Bay, VI776527 Limetree Bay STT-29B --06/16/10: all parameters; except DO --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI776527 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-39 Morningstar Bay Class B STT-30 Morningstar Bay, VI937158 Morningstar Bay STT-30 --06/16/10: all parameters; except DO --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI937158 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-40 Pacquereau Bay Class B STT-31A Flamboyant Cove STT-31A --06/16/10: all parameters; except DO --03/10/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-41 Frenchman Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-42 Southeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore Class B STT-OFF8 STT South-3, STT- OFF5 STT North2 Not monitored VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, inner Class C STT-31B Hassel Island, Off Navy Dock, STT-31C Hassel Island, Careening Cove, STT-32A Long Bay, Near South Dolphin, STT-32B Long Bay, Northeast Corner, STT- 33A Long Bay, Off Outfall, STT-33B Long Bay, Off Outfall, STT-34 Long Bay, Off Pump Station, STT-35 Groden Bay, STT-36 St. Thomas Harbor, North of Coast Guard Dock, STT-37 St. Thomas Harbor, Cay Bay, STT- 38 Haulover Cut STT-31B --05/12/10: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-31C --05/12/10: all parameters --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-32A, 32B, 33A, 33B --05/12/10: all parameters --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-34 – Not monitored STT-35 and STT-36 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/10/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-37 --03/10/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-38 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-44 St. Thomas Harbor, outer Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-45 Gregerie Channel Class B STT-1 Crown Bay, Near Outfall, STT-39 Water Isle, East Gregorie Channel STT-1 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored STT-39 --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-46 Sprat Bay Class B STT-42 Water Island Sprat Bay STT-42 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO --03/10/11: all parameters VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point Class C STT-2 Crown Bay, Near Tamarind Outlet, STT-3 Subbase STT-2 and STT-3 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/17/11: all parameters --07/19/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-48 Water Isle Hotel, Beach Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STT-49 Druif Bay Class B STT-40 Water Isle Hotel, Beach STT-40 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/10/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-50 Flamingo Class B STT-41 Water Island Flamingo Bay STT-41 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/10/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-51 Krum Bay Class C STT-4 Krum Bay STT-4 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-52 Lindbergh Bay Class B STT-5A Lindbergh Bay East, STT-5B Lindbergh Bay West, STT-5C WAPA Outfall, VI514102 Lindberg Bay STT-5A and STT-5B --05/12/10: all parameters --03/10/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI514102 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-53 Cyril E. King Airport subwatershed, offshore Class B STT-6C S.W. Road, Near Red Point Outfall STT-6C --05/12/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-54 Perseverance Bay, offshore Class B STT-6B College Cove STT-6B --05/12/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-55 Brewers Bay Class B STT-7A Brewers Bay, VI293962 Brewer’s Bay STT-7A --05/12/10: all parameters --03/09/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI293962 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STT-56 Perseverance Bay Class B STT-7B Perseverance Bay STT-7B --05/12/10: all parameters --03/08/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-57 Fortuna Bay Class B STT-8 Fortuna Bay STT-8 --05/12/10: all parameters --03/08/11: all parameters --07/18/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STT-58 Fortuna Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-59 Northwest St. Thomas HUC14, offshore Class B STT-6A Airport Runway, STT- OFF2 STT NW-1, STT- OFF11 STT SW-4 Not monitored VI-STJ-01 Caneel Bay Class B STJ-54 Caneel Bay, NPS-1 Caneel Bay, VI658467 Caneel Beach VI658467 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-02 Hawksnest Bay Class B STJ-44B Hawksnest Bay, NPS-3 Hawksnest (middle beach), NPS-4 Hawksnest (Gibney Beach), VI255380 Oppenheimer VI255380 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-03 Trunk Bay Class A STJ-44A Trunk Bay, NPS-5 Trunk Bay Not monitored VI-STJ-04 Hawksnest Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B NPS-2 Henley Cay Not monitored VI-STJ-05 Cinnamon Bay Class B STJ-44C Cinnamon Bay, NPS-6 Peter Bay, NPS-7 Cinnamon Bay Not monitored VI-STJ-06 Maho Bay/Francis Bay Class B STJ-44D Francis Bay, NPS-8 Maho Bay, NPS-9 Francis Bay, VI536165 Big Maho Bay VI536165 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-07 Maho Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-08 Mary Point Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-09 Leinster Bay Class B NPS-10 Leinster Bay Not monitored VI-STJ-10 Minnebeck Bay Class B NPS-11 Haulover Bay, NPS-30 Newfoundland Bay, NPS-31 Haulover East Not monitored VI-STJ-11 Newfound Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-12 North St. John HUC14, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-13 Coral Harbor Class B STJ-53 Coral Bay, NPS-15 Coral Bay Dock, NPS-16 Johnson Bay, VI823989 Johnson’s Bay, STJ-56 Johnson Bay STJ-53 and 56 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI823989 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-14 Hurricane Hole Class B NPS-13 Water Creek, NPS-14 Princess Bay Not monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-15 Round Bay Class B STJ-57 Round Bay STJ-57 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STJ-16 Coral Bay Class B NPS-12 Long Point, STJ-58 Privateer Bay STJ-58 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STJ-17 Salt Pond Bay Class B STJ-52 Salt Pond Bay, NPS-17 Salt Pond Bay Not monitored VI-STJ-18 Grootman Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-19 Great Lameshur Bay Class B STJ-51 Great Lameshur Bay, STJ-50 Little Lameshur Bay, NPS-18 Great Lameshur Bay, NPS-19 Yowsi Point, NPS-20 Little Lameshur Bay Not monitored VI-STJ-20 Southeast St. John HUC14, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-21 Genti Bay, nearshore Class B STJ-49 Genti Bay, NPS-21 Reef Bay Not monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-22 Genti Bay, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-23 Fish Bay Class B STJ-48 Fish Bay, NPS-22 Fish Bay STJ-48 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STJ-24 Fish Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STJ-25 Rendezvous Bay Class B STJ-47 Rendezvous Bay, NPS-23 Rendezvous Bay, VI204627 Klain Bay, VI402599 Hart Bay STJ-47 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI204627, VI402599 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-26 Chocolate Hole Class B STJ-46 Chocolate Hole, NPS-24 Chocolate Hole,VI391298 Chocolate Hole STJ-46 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI391298 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-27 Rendezvous Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-28 Great Cruz Bay Class B STJ-45 Great Cruz Bay. NPS-25 Great Cruz Bay, VI779192 Great Cruz Bay STJ-45 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI779192 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-29 Turner Bay/Enighed Pond Class C STJ-55 Turner Bay, NPS-26 Turner Bay STJ-55 --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI-STJ-30 Cruz Bay Class B STJ-43A Cruz Bay, North, STJ-43B Cruz Bay, South, STJ-43C Cruz Bay, North of Seaplane Ramp, STJ-43D Cruz Bay Creek North, NPS-27 Cruz Bay (ferry dock), NPS-28 Cruz Bay (airplane ramp), NPS-29 Cruz Bay (NPS dock), VI309453 Cruz Bay STJ-43A,43B, 43C, 43D --06/16/10: all parameters except DO monitored --03/30/11: all parameters --07/28/11: all parameters except pH monitored VI309453 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-31 Great Cruz Bay watershed, offshore Class B VI456779 Frank Bay VI456779 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STJ-32 Southwest St. John HUC14, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-33 Pillsbury Sound Class B STJ-OFF13 STJ West-4 Not monitored during this cycle. VI-STC-01 Frederiksted, south Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-02 Frederiksted Harbor Class C STC-28 Frederiksted Pier, STC-29 Frederiksted Public Beach, VI970611 F’sted (Fst. Target) STC-28 and 29 --07/27/10: all parameters --04/13/11: all parameters VI970611 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-03 Lagrange subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-04 Prosperity, nearshore Class B VI252619 Rainbow (Prosperity) VI252619 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-05 Prosperity subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-06 Sprat Hall Beach Class B STC-30 Sprat Hall Beach, VI645288 Sprat Hall STC-30 --07/24/10: all parameters VI645288 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-07 Creque Dam/Butler Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-08 Hams Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-09 Davis Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-10 Hams Bluff Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-11 Northwest St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-12 Cane Bay Class B STC-32 Cane Bay, VI201013 Cane Bay STC-32 --07/14/10: all parameters --04/13/11: all parameters VI201013 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-13 Baron Bluff subwatershed Class B STC-31 Davis Bay, VI398766 Davis Bay STC-31 --07/14/10: all parameters --04/13/11: all parameters except Enterococci, F. Coliform and TSS because bottle lost. VI398766 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-14 Belvedere Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-15 Northside subwatershed Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-16 Salt River Lagoon, Marina Class B STC-33 Salt River Marina, STC-33C Salt River Lagoon, Marina STC-33 --07/14/10: all parameters --04/28/11: all parameters except pH STC-33C – Site no longer monitored VI-STC-17 Salt River Lagoon, Sugar Bay Class B STC-33D Salt River Lagoon, Sugar Bay Not monitored during this cycle VI-STC-18 Salt River Bay Class B STC-33A,B,E-J Salt River (Columbus Landing Beach), VI146901 Gentle Winds, VI558328 Columbus Landing STC-33A and 33B --07/14/10: all parameters --04/28/11: all parameters except pH STC 33E-J – No longer monitored VI146901 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI558328 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-19 Judith Fancy Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-20 Salt River Bay subwatershed, west Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-21 Salt River Bay subwatershed, east Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-22 Northcentral St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B STC-OFF4 North-2, STC- OFF11 North-4 Not monitored during this cycle VI-STC-23 St. Croix-By- the-Sea Class B STC- 34 St. Croix-By-the- Sea, VI738082 Pelican Cove STC-34 --07/14/10: all parameters VI38082 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-24 Long Reef Backreef, west Class C STC-48 Long Reef Backreef, west STC-48 --04/12/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-25 Princess subwatershed, offshore Class C STC-35 Long Reef Forereef West STC-35 --07/14/10: all parameters 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-26 Christiansted Harbor Class C STC-37 Christiansted Harbor Entrance West, STC-40 St. Croix Marine, STC-41 Gallows Bay, STC-42 Public Wharf, STC-43 Water Gut Storm Drain, STC-44 Protestant Cay Beach, STC-45 Christiansted Harbor, STC-46 WAPA Intake, STC-47 Mill Harbor Condominium Beach, STC-49 Long Reef Back Reef East, VI572166 Condo Row (Princess), VI359239 Protestant Cay STC-37 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters STC-40 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/27/10: all parameters --04/14/11: all parameters STC-41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 and 47 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/27/10: all parameters --04/12/11: all parameters except pH STC-49 --10/27/10: all parameters VI572166 and VI359239 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-27 Long Reef Forereef, east Class B STC-36 Long Reef Forereef East, STC-35A LBJ (Pump Station) Outfall STC-36 and 35A --07/14/10: all parameters VI-STC-28 Altona Lagoon Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-29 Christiansted Harbor, east Class C STC-1 Lagoon Recreational Beach ,STC-39 Altona Lagoon Inlet, VI213332 New Fort Louise Augusta STC-1 and 39 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/27/10: all parameters --04/14/11: all parameters VI213332 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-30 Beauregard Bay Class B STC-2 Ft. Louise Augusta Beach, STC-38 Christiansted Harbour Entrance-East, VI651587 Buccaneer STC-2 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/27/10: all parameters --04/14/11: all parameters STC-38 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters VI651587 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-31 Buccaneer Beach Class B STC-3 Buccaneer Hotel STC-3 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/27/10: all parameters --04/14/11: all parameters VI-STC-32 Altona Lagoon subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-33 Punnett Bay Class B VI610321 Shoy’s VI610321 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-34 Punnett Point, east Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-35 Tamarind Reef Lagoon (Southgate Lagoon) Class B STC-4 Tamarind Reef Lagoon STC-4 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters --04/12/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-36 Green Cay Beach Class B VI563397 Chenay Bay Beach VI563397 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-37 Southgate subwatershed, offshore Class B STC-5 Green Cay Beach STC-5 --07/13/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters --04/12/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-38 Solitude Backreef Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-39 Teague Bay Class B STC-8 Reef Club Beach, STC-9 St. Croix Yacht Club Beach, VI381319 Teague Bay (Reef) STC-8 and 9 --07/14/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters --04/12/11: all parameters except pH VI381319 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-40 Teague Bay Backreef Class B STC-10 Cramers Park, VI351774 Cramer’s Park STC-10 --07/14/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters --04/12/11: all parameters except pH VI351774 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-41 Buck Island Backreef Class A STC-6 Buck Island Backreef, STC-7 Buck Island Anchorage STC-6 and 7 --07/14/10: all parameters --10/28/10: all parameters --04/14/11: all parameters VI-STC-42 Buck Island Forereef Class A There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-43 Solitude and Teague Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-44 Northeast St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B STC-OFF8 North-3 Not monitored VI-STC-45 Isaac Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-46 Grapetree Bay Class B STC-11B Isaacs Bay Forereef STC-11B --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-47 Turner Hole Backreef Class B STC-12 Grapetree Beach, VI297470 Grapetree Beach STC-12 --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI297470 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-48 Turner Hole subwatershed, offshore Class B STC-OFF5 East-2 Not monitored VI-STC-49 Madam Carty Backreef Class B STC-13B Robin Bay STC-13B --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-50 Madam Carty, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-51 Great Pond Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-52 Great Pond Bay Class B STC-13A Great Pond Bay STC-13A --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-53 Great Pond Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B STC-OFF13 SE-4 Not monitored VI-STC-54 Leprey Valley Backreef Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-55 Leprey Valley subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-56 Bugby Hole Backreef Class B STC-14A Halfpenny Bay - Manchenil, STC-14B Halfpenny Backreef, VI931289, Halfpenny STC-14A --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH STC-14B --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI931289 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-57 Bugby Hole subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-58 Southeast St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B STC-OFF2 SE- 1, STC-OFF10 SE-3 Not monitored VI-STC-59 Canegarden Bay Class B STC-15 Canegarden Bay STC-14B --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-60 Canegarden Bay, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-61 Hess Oil Virgin Islands Harbor Class C STC-16 HOVENSA East Turning Basin, NW Corner, STC-17 HOVENSA West Turning Basin, NW Corner STC-16 --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH STC-17 --07/28/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-62 Limetree Bay Class B STC-18 Limetree Bay Container Port STC-18 --07/27/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-63 Martin- Marietta Alumina Harbor Class C STC-19 Krause Lagoon Channel, STC- 20 Alumina Plant Dock STC-19 and 20 --07/27/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-64 Manning Bay/Estate Anguilla Beach Class B STC-23 Public Dump STC-23 --07/27/10: all parameters VI-STC-65 Hovensa, west Class B STC-22A Treatment Plant (POTW) Outfall STC-21 Spoils Island (Ruth Island) STC-22A --07/27/10: all parameters STC-21 --07/27/10: all parameters --04/19/11: all parameters except pH VI-STC-66 Hovensa subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-67 Southports St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B STC-OFF9 SW-3 Not monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-68 Bethlehem subwatershed, inshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-69 Bethlehem subwatershed, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-70 Airport, nearshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-71 Airport, offshore Class B STC-OFF6 South-2 Not monitored VI-STC-72 Airport St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-73 Diamond, nearshore Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-74 Enfield Green Beach/VIRIL Outfall Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-75 Diamond subwatershed, offshore Class B STC-24B Rum Plant (VI Rum) Outfall STC-24B --07/27/10: all parameters VI-STC-76 Carlton Beach Class B STC-25 Long Point STC-25 --07/27/10: all parameters 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-77 Long Point Bay Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-78 Long Point Bay subwatershed, offshore Class B STC-OFF12 SW-4 Not monitored VI-STC-79 Good Hope Beach Class B STC-26 Good Hope Beach STC-26 --07/27/10: all parameters VI-STC-80 Sandy Point, nearshore south Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-81 Sandy Point, offshore south Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-82 Sandy Point, nearshore west Class B STC-27 Sandy Point Public Beach, VI896490 Dorsch Bay, VI907985 Stony Ground STC-27 --07/27/10: all parameters --04/13/11: all parameters VI896490 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI907985 --Enterococci/Turbidity monitored weekly VI-STC-83 Sandy Point, offshore west Class B There are currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit. Currently no monitoring stations within this assessment unit and therefore, no monitoring was conducted. VI-STC-84 Southwest St. Croix HUC14, offshore Class B STC-OFF3 SW-1 Not monitored 2012 USVI Integrated Report Use Support Determination Waterbody delineations used for determining use support are derived from global information system (GIS) coverages. The Division of Environmental Protection is currently in the process of contracting professional services to develop a standard waterbody delineation based on a number of prevailing factors. Presently, use support will be determined using the most current version of the US Virgin Islands Water Quality Standards which was promulgated on June 11, 2010. The current use determinations are as follows: § 186-2. Class A (a) Best usage of waters: Preservation of natural phenomena requiring special conditions, such as the Natural Barrier Reef at Buck Island, St. Croix and the Under Water Trail at Trunk Bay, St. John. These are outstanding natural resource waters that cannot be altered except towards natural conditions. No new or increased dischargers shall be permitted. § 186-3. Class B (a) Best usage of waters: For maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened, endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code) and for primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). This Class allows minimal changes in structure of the biotic community and minimal changes in ecosystem function. Virtually all native taxa are maintained with some changes in biomass and/or abundance; ecosystem functions are fully maintained within the range of natural variability. § 186-4. Class C (a) Best usage of waters: For maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened and endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the Virgin Islands Code) and for primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.). This Class allows for evident changes in structure of the biotic community and minimal changes in ecosystem function. Evident changes in structure due to loss of some rare native taxa; shifts in relative abundance of taxa (community structure) are allowed but sensitive-ubiquitous taxa remain common and abundant; ecosystem functions are fully maintained through redundant attributes of the system. Ground Water Assessment Groundwater Monitoring Program 2012 USVI Integrated Report WQM is not tasked with monitoring the groundwaters of the USVI. WQM has been informed by DPNR-DEP’s Groundwater Program that the only groundwaters that are monitored throughout the Territory are those that are potable water sources. The monitoring is required through DPNR-DEP’s Public Water Systems Supervision Program. Surface Water Assessment As part of the assessment process, each assessment is rated as being supporting, partially supporting, not supporting or not applicable (not applicable is usually the result of a data gap). Under the integrated reporting format, partially supporting and not supporting are both considered impaired and will be listed under category 5 provided water quality standards are exceeded. The USVI uses partially supporting only as a measure of impairment severity. Severity is important in helping the USVI design a schedule for total maximum daily loads. While partially supporting waters are listed as impaired, not supporting waters are listed as impaired and threatened. In order to assess an assessment unit, data must be available for at least one applicable parameter associated with the attainment of the given designated use. Impairment of any single indicator will result in the waterbody being listed as impaired (for that parameter), even if the other indicators do not exceed the standards. Consideration will be taken in cases where a parameter falls within the degree of error of monitoring equipment; the data will be reviewed and if the value is within the instrumentation’s degree of error it will be accepted. If after the instrument’s degree of error is considered the parameter is still found to be an exceedence it will be considered as such. 1. Primary Contact Recreation Microbiological Assessment The use support is based on review of quarterly ambient and weekly beach data for single sample maximum allowable density of fecal coliform and enterococci bacteria, beach closing data and reported oil spills. Allowable limits are determined by the class of the water body. Class A requires that in no case shall Class B water quality standards be exceeded. For fecal coliform, Class B waterbodies should not exceed a geometric (log) mean of 70/100ml and 200 colonies/100mL in Class C waters. Likewise, for all classes of waters, a geometric mean of 35 enterococci per 100 ml., or a single sample maximum of 104 per 100 ml of enterococci should not be exceeded at any time The percent of total violations is evaluated as follows: 1. Fully Supporting: None of the Samples exceed a geometric mean of 70 or 200 colonies/100 ml in Class B and C waters for fecal coliform and 104 colonies/100 ml for enterococci. 2. Not supporting: Any of the Samples exceed a geometric mean of 70 or 200 colonies/100 ml in Class B and C waters for fecal coliform and 104 colonies/100 ml for enterococci. Beach Closing Assessment 2012 USVI Integrated Report In addition to pathogens, beach-closing data will be used to determine primary contact recreation use support. The matrix of allowable violations is as follows: 1. Supporting: No bathing area closures or restrictions in effect during reporting period. 2. Not Supporting: On average, one bathing area closure per year of greater than 1 week’s duration, or more than one bathing area closure per year. * Closure as stated above refers to the VI Department of Health or VI Waste Management Authority closing beaches due to immediate health risks or threats. While, restrictions refer to advisories which may recommend that the public avoid certain areas/beaches. The Department of Planning and Natural Resources only issues administrative advisories. Beach closures would only be enforced for very serious threats to human health; these closures can only be implemented by the VI Department of Health or the VI Waste Management Authority. These serious threats are usually the related to bypasses or overflows of the municipal sewer system, which may result in raw sewage flowing onto beaches and into the nearshore/bathing areas. DEP has implemented a Beaches Environmental Assessment and Coastal Health (BEACH) Monitoring Program that takes Enterococci at select sites on a weekly basis. This data will be used in conjunction with data collected from the Ambient Monitoring Program. Beaches which are listed as not suitable for fishing or swimming in the weekly Beach Program advisories have had samples collected which exceed the standard twice within that monitoring week. The raw data collected by the Beach Program at the program’s 43 designated beached are assessed for compliance with standards on a quarterly basis. Toxicant Assessment (Human Health and Aquatic Life)/ Toxicity Assessment The applicable numeric water quality standards for toxic pollutants to protect the designated uses of waters of the U.S. Virgin Islands shall be the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) national recommended Clean Water Act section 304(a) water quality criteria, EPA's Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology (4304T), 2006. Those parameters can be found at the following website: <http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/wqctable/index.html> The conditions for use support are as follows: 1. Fully Supporting: No toxicants or toxicity noted in either acute or chronic tests compared to controls or reference conditions. 2. Partially Supporting: No toxicants or toxicity noted in acute tests, but may be present in chronic tests in either slight amounts and/or infrequently within an annual cycle. 3. Not Supporting: Toxicants or toxicity noted in many tests and occurs frequently. Currently DPNR-DEP does not collect any toxicity data and none was received during the data solicitation period. Therefore, no assessments were made based on toxicants or toxicity during this reporting period. DPNR-DEP will continue to review its criteria for these assessments and will work to improve upon the current criteria to ensure they are relevant to the assessment of human health. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Additionally, as DPNR-DEP works to expand the VI Water Quality Standards this section will continue to be amended. Other Parameters Throughout the course of collecting data for this report, data that does not fit within the auspices of the other assessment categories of Primary Contact Recreation Use Support (e.g. aesthetics, pH, turbidity, algae, odor, etc.) will be considered under Other Parameters. The following guidelines apply where appropriate: 1. Fully Supporting: For any one pollutant or stressor, criteria exceeded in none of the measurements. 2. Not Supporting: For any one pollutant, criteria exceeded in any of measurements. DPNR-DEP intends to continue to work towards developing expanded criteria for making assessments within this category. There were no assessments made for this category during this reporting cycle. Habitat Assessment Determination of Aquatic Life Use Support will consider habitat assessment data (based on availability) in relation to propagation of desired species of marine life and the biological integrity of the benthic communities living within waters. These communities shall be assessed by comparison to reference conditions(s) with similar abiotic and biotic environmental settings that represent the optimal or least disturbed condition for that system. Such reference conditions shall be those observed to support the greatest community diversity, and abundance of aquatic life as is expected to be or has been historically found in natural settings essentially undisturbed or minimally disturbed by human impacts, development, or discharges. Habitat assessment data is considered as follows: 1. Fully Supporting: Reliable data indicate natural channel morphology, substrate composition, bank/riparian structure, and flow regime of region. Riparian vegetation of natural types and of relatively full standing crop biomass (i.e., minimal grazing or disruptive pressure). 2. Partially Supporting: Modification of habitat slight to moderate usually due to road crossings, limited riparian zones because of encroaching land use patterns, and some watershed erosion. Channel modification slight to moderate. 3. Not Supporting: Moderate to severe habitat alteration by channelization and dredging activities, removal of riparian vegetation, bank failure, heavy watershed erosion or alteration of flow regime and inclusion of exotic or aquatic nuisance species DPNR-DEP received no habitat assessment data for the 2010-2011 reporting cycle. As DPNR-DEP continues its ongoing efforts to improve the VI Water Quality Standards, criteria will be set for 2012 USVI Integrated Report reference conditions/sites which will assist in completing habitat assessments for various waterbody classes. Conventional Assessment Significant violations are determined for conventional parameters. Conventional parameters are evaluated using the number of exceedences of water quality standards. The conventional parameters are:  Dissolved Oxygen (not less than 5.5 mg/l from other than natural conditions)*;  Temperature (not to exceed 32°C at any time, nor as a result of waste discharge to be greater than 1.0°C above natural conditions)*;  Turbidity; and  pH. *The term “natural condition” for Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature will be addressed through work in collaboration with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for Class B and C waters during the next Triennial Review of the WQS. During that process DPNR-DEP will outline how they will define reference sites and establish reference conditions. Once developed these criteria will be incorporated into this Assessment Methodology. The conditions for use support for the conventional parameters are as follows: 1. Fully Supporting: For any one pollutant or stressor, criteria exceeded in none of the measurements. 2. Not Supporting: For any one pollutant, criteria exceeded in any of the measurements. Biological Assessment When available, DPNR-DEP may use data collected/received from biological monitoring projects. Upon identifying a source of data to apply towards a biological assessment, the conditions for use support, which will be evaluated in accordance with the narrative Biocriteria outlined in the VI Water Quality Standards, as follows: 1. Fully Supporting: Reliable data indicate functioning, sustainable biological assemblages (e.g., fish, macroinvertebrates, or algae) none of which has been modified significantly beyond the natural range of the reference condition. 2. Partially Supporting: At least one assemblage (e.g., fish, macroinvertebrates, or algae) indicates moderate modification of the biological community compared to the reference condition. 2012 USVI Integrated Report 3. Not Supporting: At least one assemblage indicates nonsupport. Data clearly indicates severe modification of the biological community compared to the reference condition. DEP received no biological data for the 2010-2011 reporting cycle. Listing Rules Minimum Number of Samples: Unless described differently for a particular parameter, the minimum data set consists of eight samples. The Department believes that two years of data collected quarterly are adequate and represents the minimum dataset necessary for an adequate assessment. These recommendations are intended to ensure that existing water quality conditions are accurately portrayed by the data and that the results do not reflect transitional conditions. The Department will consider a data set which does not meet this minimum requirement on a case-by-case basis to determine if the data adequately characterizes the water quality conditions. Summer-only sampling for nutrients, pathogenic quality, and temperature may be acceptable since summer generally represents the critical condition for these parameters. If the Department determines that the data set adequately represents water quality conditions and there are at least two exceedences of the Surface Water Quality Standards, this limited data set will be used to determine that a use is not attained. This methodology groups assessments as follows: Primary Contact Recreation (PCR) Indicators Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS) Indicators Microbiological Assessment* Beach Closing Assessment* Toxicant Assessment (Human Health) Other Parameters Habitat Assessment Toxicity Assessment Conventional Assessment* Toxicant Assessment (Aquatic Life) Biological Assessment *These parameters were used in making the assessments used for listing during this reporting cycle Category 1 The assessment unit is placed in this category if it meets the water quality standards for the parameters that define support for both Primary Contact Recreation (PCR) & Aquatic Life Use Support (ALUS). Category 2 The assessment unit is placed in this category if it attains water quality standards for the parameters that define support for either PCR or ALUS but not all uses are supported. Category 3 The assessment unit is placed it this category if insufficient or no data is available to determine if water quality standards are attained and any designated uses are supported. The Virgin Islands considers insufficient data as anything less than four quarters of monitoring data. However, waters 2012 USVI Integrated Report with less than four quarters of monitoring data may be reviewed on a case-by-case basis if the limited data strongly suggests that water quality standards are exceeded and the designated uses are impaired. Such waters may be eligible for inclusion on the 303(d) List. Remaining waters with insufficient data will be scheduled for more extensive monitoring in the USVI’s multi-year monitoring schedule. Category 3A No data is available from any of the identified data sources for the assessment unit in question. Category 3B Insufficient Data is available from any of the identified data sources for the assessment unit in question. Insufficient data is defined as less than four quarters of monitoring data. This category differs from Category 2 in that this condition must apply to all designated uses. Category 3C Inconclusive Data is available from any of the identified data sources for the assessment unit in question. This might include information from studies that do not directly provide information related to water quality standards. Category 3D Unreliable or low quality data is available from any of the identified data sources for the assessment unit in question. Unreliable or low quality data is defined as data sets that have significant gaps, obvious anomalies, etc. Category 4 Assessment units that are found to be partially or not supporting for one or both designated uses are placed in Category 4 under the appropriate subcategory (4A, 4B, 4C), but TMDL is not needed. Category 4A The assessment unit is placed in this category if it was previously listed on the 303(d) list and a total maximum daily load has been established and approved by EPA. Category 4B The assessment unit is placed into this category only if other pollution control requirements are expected to address all water-pollutant combinations and attain all water quality standards within a reasonable period of time. The Virgin Islands considers a reasonable period of time as being the time between reporting cycles. If the impairment is the result of a point source discharge, it is expected that the Territorial Pollution Discharge Elimination System (TPDES) program will take appropriate measures to control point source pollution. If the impairment is the result of non-point source pollution, DPNR will provide evidence that a pollution control measure is in place. Category 4C The assessment unit is placed into this category if the impairment was not caused by a pollutant. Assessment units placed into this category must show improvement by the next reporting cycle. If the impairment persists because of current conditions it will be moved into Category 5. If the assessment unit shows improvement since the last cycle it will be moved into either Category 1 or 2. 2012 USVI Integrated Report If the data available is insufficient to make an assessment, the assessment unit will be moved to Category 3 (see Category 3 for more detail). Category 5 The assessment unit is placed into this category if water quality standards are exceeded in which case a total maximum daily load must be established. Assessment units that are placed into Category 5 will be placed on the 2012 303(d) Total Maximum Daily Load List. De-listing DPNR de-listed the following Assessment Units during the 2010-2011 reporting cycle. AU ID AU Name Parameter(s) Reason For Delisting VI-STC-26 Christiansted Harbor Fecal Coliform TMDL approved on September 26,2007 VI-STC-26 Christiansted Harbor Enterococci TMDL approved on September 26, 2007 VI-STJ-15 Round Bay Turbidity Coral Bay AU previously mislabeled in 2010 IR Documents. This impairment actually occurred in VI-STJ-13 VI-STJ-15 Round Bay pH Coral Bay AU previously mislabeled in 2010 IR Documents. This impairment actually occurred in VI-STJ-13 VI-STT-10 Magen's Bay Fecal Coliform TMDL approved on September 26,2005 VI-STT-35 Mangrove Lagoon Fecal Coliform TMDL approved on September 26,2005 VI-STT-39 Morningstar Bay Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-40 Teague Bay Backreef Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, Inner Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, Inner Enterococci TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, Inner Fecal Coliform TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-45 Isaac Bay Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-46 Grapetree Bay Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point Enterococci TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point Fecal Coliform TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 2012 USVI Integrated Report C. Monitoring Strategy The Water Quality Management Program was tasked with revising the Multi-Year Monitoring Strategy during FY2012, the new information will be included in the next Integrated Report. The current monitoring strategy addresses the integrated five categories and the assessment units delineated by Battelle (2003). The monitoring strategy is available for inclusion in this methodology and is attached as an appendix. The Water Pollution Control Program developed the following Multi-Year Monitoring Strategy in which a monitoring plan was detailed for 9 years from the point of its creation: FY 2004 *** Develop a comprehensive monitoring and assessment program Documentation and mapping of the USVI wetlands Database design Analysis of all wetlands and riparian areas Land ownership records Review of Quality Assurance Project Plan for monitoring and data analysis Establish monitoring priorities and targets Definition of field survey protocols Preliminary field data collection on water quality Characterization of plant communities and plant species DPNR training on data collection and GIS application Training on Clean Water Act, Oil Pollution Act and SPCC Wetlands and Regulation Develop mangrove restoration plan for Salt River Reassessment of the 13 category I watersheds FY 2005 *** Develop a comprehensive monitoring and assessment program Documentation and mapping of the USVI wetlands Database design Review of Quality Assurance Project Plan for new monitoring and data analysis Establish monitoring priorities and targets Definition of field survey protocols Preliminary field data collection on water quality Characterization of plant communities and plant species Characterization of aquatic life Start mangrove restoration for Salt River Develop Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River Training on wetland mitigation and delineation Training on watershed assessment VI-STT-49 Druif Bay Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-50 Flamingo Dissolved Oxygen TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 VI-STT-51 Krum Bay Fecal Coliform TMDL approved on September 03, 2010 2012 USVI Integrated Report Develop Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay BASINS training FY 2006 Implement a comprehensive monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Review of Quality Assurance Project Plan for new monitoring and data analysis Field data collection on water quality Data collection on biological assemblages Develop standards for wetland health based on water quality and biological assemblages Characterization of plant communities and plant species Start mangrove restoration for Salt River Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay FY 2007 Implement a comprehensive monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Review of Quality Assurance Project Plan for new monitoring and data analysis Field data collection on water quality Data collection on biological assemblages Develop standards for wetland health based on water quality and biological assemblages Characterization of plant communities and plant species Continue mangrove restoration for Salt River Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay FY 2008 Implement a comprehensive monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Aggregate wetlands by similar types of stressors Input information from database on GIS Field data collection on water quality Data collection on biological assemblages Develop standards for wetland health based on water quality and biological assemblages Characterization of plant communities and plant species Start mangrove restoration for Salt River Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay FY 2009 Review the wetlands monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Field data collection on water quality Data collection on biological assemblages Develop standards for wetland health based on water quality and biological assemblages Characterization of plant communities and plant species Continue mangrove restoration for Salt River Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay 2012 USVI Integrated Report Training on wetland restoration FY 2010 Review the wetlands monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Review of Quality Assurance Project Plan for new monitoring and data analysis Field data collection on water quality Data collection on biological assemblages Test and evaluate standards for wetland health based on water quality and biological assemblages Characterization of plant communities and plant species Continue mangrove restoration for Salt River Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay Develop Great Pond Enhancement Plan FY 2011 Make appropriate changes to the wetlands monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Review of Quality Assurance Project Plan for new monitoring and data analysis Review procedures for field data collection on water quality Review procedures for data collection on biological assemblages Present a complete assessment report on USVI wetlands health and water quality Evaluate results from mangrove restoration project in Salt River Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay Implement Great Pond enhancement plan FY 2012 Continue with wetlands monitoring and assessment program Input data on the database Field data collection on water quality Data collection on biological assemblages Review of assessment report on USVI wetlands health and water quality Establish a mangrove restoration plan for critical areas based on the Salt River experience Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay Implement Great Pond enhancement plan FY 2013 Prepare a management plan for the USVI wetlands Establish regulations for USVI wetlands Identify new areas for wetland restoration Implement Watershed Restoration Strategies for Salt River and Benner Bay Implement Great Pond enhancement plan Section 303(d) Waters Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires States and Territories to develop a list of impaired waters needing TMDLs every even-numbered calendar year. An impaired waterbody is one for which technology-based pollution controls are not stringent enough to attain or maintain compliance with 2012 USVI Integrated Report applicable State and Territory water quality standards. In order for a water quality-limited waterbody to attain water quality standards, a TMDL must be developed and implemented specifically for that waterbody and pollutant(s) of concern. A TMDL is a quantitative assessment of the amount of pollution that a certain waterbody can assimilate while still meeting water quality standards. On March 21, 2012, the Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources released the 2012 303(d) List of Impaired Waterbodies for public comment. The final list consists of 87 assessment units listed for a variety of impairments. The 2012 303(d) List of Impaired Waterbodies is attached to this report as an Attachment. D. Estuary and Coastal Assessment 1. Designated Use Support Summary Assessment of the Virgin Islands’ coastal waters is presented in (estimated) square miles of assessment unit boundaries. Some 650 square miles are assessed in this report. A summary of use support assessments for coastal waters is shown in Table III.C.1. The mileage presented is based on Global Information Systems (GIS) approximations. Table III.C.1. Waterbodies, Segments, and Categories AU ID AU Name AU Size (sq. mi.) 305(b) Category Integrated Category VI-STT-01 Botany Bay 0.1576 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-02 Stumpy Bay 0.0597 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-03 Botany Bay subwatershed, offshore 1.309 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-04 Santa Maria Bay 0.3617 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-05 Caret Bay 0.0266 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-06 Neltjeberg Bay 0.0562 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STT-07 Dorothea 0.0254 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-08 Hull Bay 0.2049 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-09 Dorothea Bay subwatershed, offshore 0.7673 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-10 Magens Bay 1.6208 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-11 Northwest St. Thomas HUC14, offshore 55.088 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STT-12 Lovenlund Bay 0.0228 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-13 Mandahl Bay (Marina) 0.0131 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-14 Tutu Bay 0.0414 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-15 Sunsi Bay 0.0152 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-16 Spring Bay 0.0102 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-17 Mandahl Bay subwatershed, offshore 1.1379 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-18 Water Bay 0.0845 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-19 Smith Bay 0.1187 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-20 Smith Bay subwatershed, offshore 0.4103 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-21 St. John Bay 0.0411 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-22 Red Bay 0.0078 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-23 Vessup Bay 0.0619 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-24 Red Hook Bay 0.1772 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-25 Great Bay 0.5593 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-26 Red Hook Bay, offshore 0.4725 Insufficient Information 3A 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-27 St. James Islands, offshore 0.6691 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-28 Cowpet Bay 0.0757 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-29 St. James Bay 1.2439 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-30A Northeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore north 42.927 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STT-30B Northeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore south 24.908 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-31 Nazareth Bay 0.1793 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STT-32 Jersey Bay, offshore 1.2925 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-33 Benner Bay 0.4187 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-34 Benner Bay Lagoon Marina 0.0355 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-35 Mangrove Lagoon 0.2931 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-36 Frenchman Bay subwatershed, east 0.3532 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-37 Frenchman Bay 0.0195 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-38 Limetree Bay 0.0065 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-39 Morningstar Bay 0.0215 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-40 Pacquereau Bay 0.0453 TMDL Established 4A VI-STT-41 Frenchman Bay subwatershed, offshore 2.9233 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-42 Southeast St. Thomas HUC14, offshore 50.939 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, inner 0.7495 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-44 St. Thomas Harbor, outer 1.2128 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-45 Gregerie Channel 1.7072 TMDL Established 4A VI-STT-46 Sprat Bay 0.3814 TMDL Established 4A VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point 0.2074 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-48 Water Isle Hotel, Beach 0.0057 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-49 Druif Bay 0.0331 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-50 Flamingo 0.061 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-51 Krum Bay 0.0754 Not Support 5 VI-STT-52 Lindbergh Bay 0.2612 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-53 Cyril E. King Airport subwatershed, offshore 0.8499 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-54 Perseverance Bay, offshore 0.4734 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-55 Brewers Bay 0.1076 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-56 Perseverance Bay 0.2114 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-57 Fortuna Bay 0.0827 Not Supporting 5 VI-STT-58 Fortuna Bay subwatershed, offshore 0.6553 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STT-59 Northwest St. Thomas HUC14, offshore 77.71 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STJ-01 Caneel Bay 0.2623 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-02 Hawksnest Bay 0.2246 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-03 Trunk Bay 0.0685 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-04 Hawksnest Bay subwatershed, offshore 1.7287 Unassessed - VI-STJ-05 Cinnamon Bay 0.1456 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-06 Maho Bay/Francis Bay 0.346 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-07 Maho Bay subwatershed, offshore 1.6071 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-08 Mary Point 0.4831 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-09 Leinster Bay 0.6627 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-10 Minnebeck Bay 1.4876 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-11 Newfound Bay 0.0765 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-12 North St. John HUC14, offshore 23.719 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-13 Coral Harbor 0.6965 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-14 Hurricane Hole 0.7689 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-15 Round Bay 0.6015 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-16 Coral Bay 2.2337 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-17 Salt Pond Bay 0.1978 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-18 Grootman Bay 0.1046 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-19 Great Lameshur Bay 0.359 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-20 Southeast St. John HUC14, offshore 24.319 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-21 Genti Bay, nearshore 0.0947 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-22 Genti Bay, offshore 0.769 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-23 Fish Bay 0.2103 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-24 Fish Bay subwatershed, offshore 0.1824 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STJ-25 Rendezvous Bay 0.4677 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-26 Chocolate Hole 0.1004 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-27 Rendezvous Bay subwatershed, offshore 0.1863 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-28 Great Cruz Bay 0.1396 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-29 Turner Bay/Enighed Pond 0.057 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-30 Cruz Bay 0.0674 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-31 Great Cruz Bay watershed, offshore 0.5775 Not Supporting 5 VI-STJ-32 Southwest St. John HUC14, offshore 10.142 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STJ-33 Pillsbury Sound 6.9399 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-01 Frederiksted, south 0.0451 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-02 Frederiksted Harbor 0.035 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-03 Lagrange subwatershed, offshore 0.375 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-04 Prosperity, nearshore 0.1118 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-05 Prosperity subwatershed, offshore 0.5129 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-06 Sprat Hall Beach 0.0609 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-07 Creque Dam/Butler Bay 0.529 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-08 Hams Bay 0.3144 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-09 Davis Bay 0.0522 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-10 Hams Bluff 0.5506 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-11 Northwest St. Croix HUC14, offshore 33.302 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-12 Cane Bay 0.0613 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-13 Baron Bluff subwatershed 0.3498 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-14 Belvedere 0.0557 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-15 Northside subwatershed 0.6109 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-16 Salt River Lagoon, Marina 0.0194 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-17 Salt River Lagoon, Sugar Bay 0.3244 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-18 Salt River Bay 0.3229 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-19 Judith Fancy 0.01 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-20 Salt River Bay subwatershed, west 0.2433 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-21 Salt River Bay subwatershed, east 0.8922 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-22 Northcentral St. Croix HUC14, offshore 23.61 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-23 St. Croix-By-the-Sea 0.0727 Not Supporting 5 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-24 Long Reef Backreef, west 0.1153 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-25 Princess subwatershed, offshore 0.4343 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-26 Christiansted Harbor 0.9601 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-27 Long Reef Forereef, east 0.3149 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-28 Altona Lagoon 0.2337 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-29 Christiansted Harbor, east 0.1089 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-30 Beauregard Bay 0.2145 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-31 Buccaneer Beach 0.0166 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-32 Altona Lagoon subwatershed, offshore 0.6812 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-33 Punnett Bay 0.0576 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-34 Punnett Point, east 0.0223 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-35 Tamarind Reef Lagoon (Southgate Lagoon) 0.0205 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-36 Green Cay Beach 0.1017 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-37 Southgate subwatershed, offshore 2.2219 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-38 Solitude Backreef 0.9681 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-39 Teague Bay 0.1773 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-40 Teague Bay Backreef 0.8547 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-41 Buck Island Backreef 0.7675 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-42 Buck Island Forereef 3.3497 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STC-43 Solitude and Teague Bay subwatersheds, offshore 18.822 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STC-44 Northeast St. Croix HUC14, offshore. 36.088 Unassessed (NPS Jurisdiction) - VI-STC-45 Isaac Bay 0.0853 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-46 Grapetree Bay 0.0425 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-47 Turner Hole Backreef 0.2772 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-48 Turner Hole subwatershed, offshore 16.949 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-49 Madam Carty Backreef 0.464 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-50 Madam Carty, offshore 3.5161 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-51 Great Pond 0.1578 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-52 Great Pond Bay 1.0184 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-53 Great Pond Bay subwatershed, offshore 3.0288 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-54 Leprey Valley Backreef 0.3712 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-55 Leprey Valley subwatershed, offshore 2.8455 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-56 Bugby Hole Backreef 0.7042 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-57 Bugby Hole subwatershed, offshore 3.9 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-58 Southeast St. Croix HUC14, offshore 24.146 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-59 Canegarden Bay 0.8542 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-60 Canegarden Bay, offshore 0.7933 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-61 Hess Oil Virgin Islands Harbor 0.671 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-62 Limetree Bay 0.7239 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-63 Martin-Marietta Alumina Harbor 0.3228 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-64 Manning Bay/Estate Anguilla Beach 0.0508 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-65 HOVENSA, west 1.2865 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-66 HOVENSA subwatershed, offshore 2.8305 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-67 Southports St. Croix HUC14, offshore 8.1966 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-68 Bethlehem subwatershed, inshore 0.2149 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-69 Bethlehem subwatershed, offshore 0.3971 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-70 Airport, nearshore 2.1943 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-71 Airport, offshore 4.263 Fully Supporting 1 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STC-72 Airport St. Croix HUC14, offshore 4.1803 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-73 Diamond, nearshore 0.1699 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-74 Enfield Green Beach/VIRIL Outfall 0.1376 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-75 Diamond subwatershed, offshore 2.8479 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-76 Carlton Beach 0.2447 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-77 Long Point Bay 0.8376 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-78 Long Point Bay subwatershed, offshore 4.9231 Fully Supporting 1 VI-STC-79 Good Hope Beach 0.1876 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-80 Sandy Point, nearshore south 2.0121 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-81 Sandy Point, offshore south 7.4306 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-82 Sandy Point, nearshore west 0.1158 Not Supporting 5 VI-STC-83 Sandy Point, offshore west 0.4875 Insufficient Information 3A VI-STC-84 Southwest St. Croix HUC14, offshore 18.347 Fully Supporting 1 2. Individual Use Support Summary Assessment of the Virgin Islands’ coastal waters is presented in (estimated) square miles of assessment unit boundaries. Some 650 square miles are assessed in this report. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure III.C.2.a St. Thomas/St. John Integrated Categories Figure III.C.2.b St. Croix Integrated Categories Several assessment units were not assessed this cycle because certain areas fall within the jurisdiction of the National Park Service (refer to Attachment 1: 2012 303(d) List of Impaired Waterbodies for 2012 USVI Integrated Report greater detail). While the current assessment unit structure does not match perfectly with the waters under federal jurisdiction, Figures III.C.2.c and III.C.2.d illustrates these particular areas. Figure III.C.2.c St. John Assessment Units Completely Under Federal Jurisdiction Figure III.C.2.d St. Croix Assessment Units Completely Under Federal Jurisdiction 3. Causes and Sources of Designated Use Impairment a) Eutrophication Eutrophication is rarely observed in the Virgin Islands because of tidal flushing and currents driven by the Caribbean current and steady tradewind patterns. 2012 USVI Integrated Report b) Case Studies The Unified Watershed Assessment includes a detailed summary of existing conditions for the 18 Coastal Zone Management Areas of Particular Concern. These APC reports contain water quality reports for each APC. E. Wetlands Assessment 1. Introduction Prior to October 31, 1978, the US Army Corps of Engineers, as delegated by 404 of the Clean Water Act, performed protection of wetlands in the Virgin Islands. After that date, all coastal wetland protection was mandated to the Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Coastal Zone Management. Guidelines are found in 12 V.I.C. §903(b)(8) (2013), which states that the Division’s responsibility is “to conserve ecologically significant resource areas for their contribution to marine productivity and value as wildlife habitats, and preserve the function and integrity of reefs, marine meadows, salt ponds, mangroves and other significant areas”. 2. Classification of Wetlands Classification of wetlands is based on the US Fish and Wildlife Wetland and Deepwater Habitat System (Cowardin et al., 1979). Wetlands are grouped into four categories: tidal, seep, landlocked ponds, and spring tidal wetlands. Tidal ponds or lagoons have narrow inlets connecting to the sea and have a salinity level that is slightly higher than seawater. Seep ponds and landlocked ponds are not open to the sea, and have fluctuating water and salinity levels depending on rainfall. Spring tidal wetlands fringe bays, but standing water only occurs during spring tides, when strong onshore winds push water into the wetlands, or during times of heavy rainfall and consequent flooding. The primary source of wetland impairment is non-point source pollution, construction intrusions, and sedimentation from upland run-off. Table III.D.1 Wetlands Classification12 [Classification of wetlands is based on the US Fish and Wildlife Wetland and Deepwater Habitat System (Cowardin et al., 1979).] St. Croix Classification Great Pond Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested Billy French Pond Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Scrub-Shrub, Basin West End Salt Pond Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub, Basin Altoona Lagoon Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested 2012 USVI Integrated Report Coakley Bay Marine (Coastal), Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore Long Point Bay Estuarine, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Intertidal Mt. Fancy Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub- shrub, Unconsolidated shore, cobble-gravel Robin Bay Marine (Coastal), Intertidal, Unconsolidated cobble gravel Southgate Pond Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub basin Salt River/Sugar Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore and bottom Half Penny Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Krause Lagoon Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub, Manchenil Marine (Coastal), Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore St Thomas Classification Mandahl Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated bottom, Scrub-shrub Fortuna Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Forested, Magens Bay Marine (Coastal), Sub-tidal, Coral Reef, Perseverance Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated sanded shore Frenchman's Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore Little Conculus Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Benner Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Mangrove Lagoon Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Smith Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore St. John Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore Great Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Cabrita Peninsula Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore Cowpet Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Vessup Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Bolongo Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Cabes Point Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub Little St. James Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Salt Cay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated Mud, Patricia Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub 2012 USVI Integrated Report Muller Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Water Island Classification Limestone Bay Marine (Coastal), Intertidal, Unconsolidated Cobble gravel Sprat Bay Marine (Coastal), Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded bottom Sprat Point Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub St. John Classification Brown Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Leinster Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore Kiddel Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Little Lameshur Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub Great Lameshur Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub Fish Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Frank Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Enighed Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub Francis Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Salt Pond Bay Marine (Coastal), Subtidal, Coral Reef, 2, Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub Privateer Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub South side Pond Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Elk Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated, sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Water Creek Estuarine, Sub-tidal, Unconsolidated bottom Otter Creek Estuarine, Sub-tidal, Unconsolidated bottom Princess Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Coral Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated cobble gravel, Forested Chocolate Hole Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Peter Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Turner Point Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Newfound Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Reef Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, 2012 USVI Integrated Report Calabash Boom Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore Annaberg Annaberg Estuarine, Europa Bay 1. Estuarine, Intertidal, Scrub-shrub 2. Estuarine, Sub-tidal, Unconsolidated sanded bottom Grooto Pain Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Hart Bay Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub Mary Point Estuarine, Intertidal, Forested, Unconsolidated Sanded shore, Scrub-shrub 3. Wetlands Protection Activities There is currently no Wetlands Management Program in the US Virgin Islands, though wetlands form a part of several programs and there are policies and legal mandates for management of wetlands. There is no clear picture of the current state of wetlands, particularly in terms of the environmental quality, species diversity and ecological integrity. That information gap results primarily from the absence of monitoring programs for wetlands or associated resources. The most extensive information is generated by resource assessments (e.g. survey of water birds or survey of salt ponds) that tend to be island specific and decades apart. Researchers from the University of the Virgin Islands also conduct occasional site-specific assessments. F. Public Health/Aquatic Life Concerns Pollution-caused fish kills, ciguatera or other abnormalities The Department of Planning and Natural Resources keeps no log of fish kill incidents within the territory. DPNR will from time to time, however, issue public advisories when such incidents do occur. Restrictions on swimming areas No sampling related to natural disasters (e.g. hurricanes or storms) was conducted this cycle. There were, however, the following natural disasters during this reporting cycle:  Hurricane Earl: August 31, 2010 visual assessments conducted; no water quality samples were collected/analyzed  Tropical Storm Otto: October 6, 2010 visual assessments conducted; no water quality samples were collected/analyzed  The BEACH program issues notices on a weekly basis for territorial beaches that are being monitored. Advisories are issued following discovery of enterococci impairments. 2012 USVI Integrated Report IV. GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT In the VI, ground water is held primarily in three types of aquifers, principally under water table or semi-confined conditions: 1) Carbonate rock system in St. Croix, known as the Kingshill aquifer system 2) Fractured volcanic bedrock 3) Alluvial deposits The ground water in the Virgin Islands is highly mineralized, often containing total dissolved solids (TDS) in excess of 1000 parts per million (ppm). Sodium, magnesium and calcium are the primary constituents, rendering continued consumption of untreated ground water unhealthy for those on a restricted sodium diet. Additionally, elevated nitrate levels and coliform bacteria have been found in some wells near the main sewer conveyance lines. The Kingshill aquifer is the largest and most productive aquifer in the USVI. The aquifer has an area of 25 square miles and accounts for 67% of all groundwater withdrawals. Approximately one-third of the population (35,558 (census 2000)) of the entire USVI lives within the aquifer boundary area. Yields from wells can surpass 70,000 gpd/well. Most of the groundwater exists at relatively shallow depths in unconsolidated alluvial sediments or in shallow limestone deposits. The depth to groundwater could range from 5 feet (WAPA Concordia well field) to 60 feet (WAPA Golden Grove well field) below ground surface. Well yields ranged from less than 5 gallons per minute (gpm) (WAPA Adventure well field) to 80 gpm (WAPA Golden Grove well field). Aquifer specific capacity ranged from 1 to 14 gpm per foot draw down with a corresponding aquifer transmissivity ranging from 180 to 3,300 feet squared per day. There are over 325 wells within the aquifer boundary and it is estimated that the total production of the aquifer is 2.21MGD (WAPA, 1.13 MGD; private wells, 0.55 MGD; industrial/commercial 0.53 MGD). It is estimated that the aquifer can safely supply up to 2.5MGD. A. Permitting The Ground Water program manages the installation of groundwater wells and groundwater withdrawals through a permitting system under 12 V.I.C. § § 151-166 (2013) . New wells can only be sited at locations providing adequate yield and a minimum risk of groundwater contamination from past, existing or future sources and activities. Existing wells are regulated via groundwater appropriation permits that set groundwater withdrawal limits for the approved use, and are valid for a period of two years, Table IV.A.1 Number of permitted wells in the USVI District No. of Wells St. Croix* 723 St. Thomas 183 St. John 39 * Excluding HOVENSA groundwater monitoring and product recovery wells, regulated by RCRA Part B operating permit. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table IV.A.2 Number of applications reviewed this reporting period Period New/Renewal appropriation permit applications Drilling permit applications Soil Boring permit applications Drillers license Issued October 2010 through September 2011 Approved: 71 Rejected: 0 Total: 71 Approved: 23 Rejected: 0 Total: 23 Approved: 21 Rejected: 0 Total: 21 Approved: 7 Rejected: 0 Total: 7 DPNR-DEP has identified seven “Key Themes” to guide groundwater management activities over the next decade: 1) Clarifying "Whose Water is it?" 2) Recognizing the Connections between Groundwater and Surface Water 3) Evaluating and Managing Threats to Groundwater Quality 4) Linking Land Use Planning and Groundwater Protection 5) Developing a Comprehensive Approach to Groundwater Quantity 6) Addressing Water Use and Conservation Issues 7) Collecting Long-Term Groundwater Data to Address Long-term Problems 1. Virgin Islands Water and Power Authority (WAPA) The "major" water supplier in the VI is the Virgin Islands Water and Power Authority (WAPA). Ground water has the potential to contribute up to 30% (up to about 1 million gallons per day (MGD)) of the WAPA potable water supply on the island of St. Croix (when the well fields are operating at or near capacity). No ground water is used in the WAPA distribution system on St. Thomas and St. John at the present time; however, the authority has previously investigated the use of ground water in the Sugar Estate, St. Thomas and Estates Adrian and Carolina, St. John, to augment the desalinated water supply. 2012 USVI Integrated Report WAPA : St. Croix On St. Croix, WAPA's principal water supply comes from desalination units, which are capable of producing about 3 MGD(storage capacity =40 MG). Additionally, WAPA can potentially extract up to 1 MGD of ground water from seven (7) well fields. The principal aquifer in St. Croix is the Kingshill aquifer, predominantly a limestone aquifer that underlies the central portion of the island. The Estates Concordia, Adventure, Fairplains, Negro Bay and Barren Spot well fields tap this aquifer. The western Mahogany Road and La Grange well fields tap an alluvial and fractured bedrock aquifer. WAPA : St. Thomas On St. Thomas, WAPA provides desalinated water for distribution (approximately 2.2 MGD (storage capacity =40 MG)). Although WAPA used several wells in the vicinity of the St. Thomas Hospital in Sugar Estate from the late 1960s to the early 1980s, they are no longer used. As part of a recent ground water source exploration program designed for WAPA’s Emergency Ground Water Supply (EGWS) Program, the US Geological Survey (USGS) drilled several test wells in various locations on St. Thomas. USGS performed pumping tests on these wells in the Sugar Estate area, but to date, the wells have not been put into production. 2012 USVI Integrated Report WAPA : St. John On St. John, WAPA’s principal potable water source is a 500,000 GPD vapor vacuum compression unit. Additionally, several wells were drilled on St. John under the EGWS program described above, but to date, with the exception of one well in Estate Carolina, the wells have not been put into production. The Estate Carolina WAPA well was put on line in the spring of 1994 as supplemental water supply for the eastern portion of St. John. The well provides mineral-rich water (TDS of approximately 2500 ppm) from a shallow, unconsolidated material aquifer, which is pumped into pressure tanks to meters for non-potable use only. 2. Public Water Systems that utilize groundwater In addition to WAPA, water-hauling companies utilize wells as a secondary water supply source. Several water-hauling companies treat the ground water by reverse osmosis (RO), and then distribute the water via trucks to individual residences and businesses. Several water-bottling companies also do the same prior to bottling and distribution. These public water systems also include apartment complexes, schools, condominiums, hotels, bars and restaurants. In addition to drinking water quality monitoring parameters, these systems must monitor their well water for Total Dissolved Solids. Table IV.A.3 Overview of VI Public Water Systems Utilizing Groundwater Island Number of Water Systems Utilizing Groundwater Community Non- Transient, Non- Community Transient, Non- Community Bottled Water Plant Total St. Croix 9 4 10 1 24 St. Thomas 2 4 13 4 23 St. John 0 1 2 1 4 Wellhead protection is vital to the long-term quality of life in the VI as the population increases. Fresh water is an especially valuable resource in the VI. The meager but important ground water resources are valuable supplements to the expensive, highly energy-consumptive desalinated water which is so heavily relied upon by much of the population of the VI. Existing untainted ground water resources must be protected. The resources that have already been subjected to contamination by leaking underground storage tanks (USTs), leaking sewer lines and improper storage and disposal of chemicals must be managed to protect adjacent uncontaminated sources and restore damaged resources for future use. B. Wellhead Protection Actualization Assessment The Territory does not at this time have a formal Wellhead Protection Plan (WHPP). There is a Wellhead Protection Final Report which was intended to form the nexus for a WHPP. It is anticipated that a WHPP be developed following the US EPA example ordinance2. The categories of 2 The model is available at http://www.epa.gov/nps/ordinance/mol7.htm#groundwater. 2012 USVI Integrated Report permitted and non-permitted activities around wellheads3 contained in the model ordinance will be used. See Table , below for examples of the most common problems in St. Croix. Table IV.B.1 Non-Permitted uses in Zone 1 Automobile body/repair shop 1 Gas station 2 Fleet/trucking/bus terminal 3 Dry cleaner 4 Electrical/electronic manufacturing facility 5 Machine shop 6 Metal plating/finishing/fabricating facility 7 Chemical processing/storage facility 8 Wood preserving/treating facility 9 Junk/scrap/salvage yard 10 Mines/gravel pit 11 Irrigated nursery/greenhouse stock 12 Confined animal feeding operations 13 Land divisions resulting in high density (>1 unit/acre) septic systems 14 Equipment maintenance/fueling areas 15 Injection wells/dry wells/sumps, except for single-family residences directing gutter downspouts to a drywell 16 Underground storage tanks, (except those with spill, overfill, and corrosion protection requirements in place) 17 All other facilities involving the collection, handling, manufacture, use, storage, transfer or disposal of any solid or liquid material or waste having potentially harmful impact on groundwater quality including illegal disposal of solid waste on the surface not directly associated with a facility 18 All uses not permitted in the underlying zone district 19 In Table IV.B.1, note that the sequential numbers are not intended as rankings; these numbers will be used to reference the specific threats in the database under development. 1. Time of Travel Buffers 3 Actually, in Zone 1, which for St. Croix is the 20-yr TOT radius. 2012 USVI Integrated Report It is abundantly clear that essentially none of the existing priority wells, vendors, WAPA or large user, will meet any of the Time-of-Travel (TOT) suggested , either of the Model Ordinance, which uses 1,000 feet radius (as typical of a 6-month TOT) or in the calculations which are both more rigorous and locally calculated but give 20-yr TOT’s radii of approximately 1,400 feet or less with most around 1,000 feet. Examples of these buffers are provided at Figure IV.C. and Figure IV.C.29. On the La Grange TOT illustration (Figure IV.C.) the primary threats are the number of residences, all with on-site wastewater treatment as well as solid waste, industrial waste and stored or abandoned equipment. For Negro Bay wells (Figure IV.C.29) the primary threats are solid waste (informal dumps) and possible spills from the National Guard facility and the several warehousing facilities to the North. Negro Bay and New Golden Grove are probably the best-sited wellfields on St. Croix from the standpoint of nearby risks; i.e., risks within the TOT wellhead protection area. 2. Flooding All of the WAPA and vendor production wells and many of the large users’ wells are located in flood hazard areas (see Figure IV.C.28). Most WAPA wells are protected from inundation by reinforced concrete (RC) platforms and risers; an example is at Figure IV.C.10. These are typical of the wells inherited by WAPA from DPW and those developed by the Authority since. A much rarer WAPA well is at Figure IV.C.11 where the casing is continued to about 3’ above a platform but without the RC riser. This may be typical of wells developed by private owners and leased to WAPA. A number of vendors and smaller users near WAPA production wells are notably susceptible to flooding or entry of contaminants through inadequate siting or poorly sealed or unsealed well heads. Illustrations of these are at Figure IV.C.12 through Figure IV.C.10. 3. Particular threats – poor siting or construction There are a number of egregiously poor sites with wells; poor either because of sites selected and developed or because of poor or mismanagement of the wellhead area or areas adjacent. Since much of this development occurred before there was concerted effort to control development and manage wellhead impact areas there is little that can be done at this point. Some ideas are discussed below in the section - Suggestions for Interim Measures. Often, in the case of adjacent problems, the well owner or operator has little or no control over the use of that area. An example of poor siting is at Figure IV.C.16; this is a shallow well with a compromised seal and subject to overland flows that could include significant amounts of diesel and material from the road. An example of poor site management (and a very poor well seal) is at Figure IV.C.20 and Figure IV.C.21. While the fuel tank might not exceed the minimum to require containment, it is directly adjacent to a well. In addition, the wellhead is very poorly sealed. Another example is at Figure IV.C.22 and Figure IV.C.23. Figure IV.C.23 is the cut-off well pipe and conduit for what was a production well at this site. This well is within 10 feet of a well in production for a water vendor and is, as may be seen, completely unprotected. 4. Summary 2012 USVI Integrated Report The most common threat to wells and well recharge areas are the ubiquitous aggregations of household, construction and mechanical solid waste. However, it is apparent that the efforts of the Waste Management Authority have borne fruit; much of this material no longer occurs with the density nor is it as common as it was previously. Exceptions are piles of waste on private property (see Figure IV.C.24 and Figure IV.C.25). It is important to note that few of these threats to groundwater are the result of intentional misconduct or malfeasance. More typically, they are the result of a lack of understanding of the possible consequences of action or inaction. DPNR will schedule some community consciousness-raising meetings, utilizing some school time for students, for example. In addition, reminding landowners and agencies of responsible land management and the fragility of the groundwater resource in the Territory might also pay dividends. 5. Suggestions for Interim Measures The following suggestions assume that more staff time and effort will be available for implementing the permit program. While many wells had permits most have expired and many do not meet minimum requirements for permitting. For example, it is believed that most residential wells do not have meters and many commercial wells also do not have meters – or functioning meters – and reporting and permit renovation is not done. In addition, there are a number of large production wells that are not and have never been permitted. a. Educate Licensed well drillers DPNR-DEP issues well drillers licenses. DPNR-DEP will use the opportunity to focus educational efforts on the single entity (well drillers) that would touch every new well. If permitted well drillers were responsible for acquiring permits for wells a body of knowledgeable persons would be dealing with DPNR-DEP in the siting and development of new wells. b. Individual existing wells At least some effort should be made to assist owners and operators of production wells to reduce threats in the areas of their wellheads. The adoption of a wellhead protection plan should help resolve this, but in the interim assistance in the form of consumer education and assistance with enforcement of Territorial regulations on unpermitted solid waste sites, illegal dumping and storage and handling of liquids, toxic and hazardous materials could provide some relief for owners of wells subject to surface and sub-surface threats. c. Relief for owners of permitted wells The Territory should begin to ensure that all permits are current and that permit holders understand their responsibilities in ensuring the viability of groundwater resources in USVI. As part of this effort DPNR-DEP could provide assistance with cataloguing specific threats to permitted wells and provide permittees with an understanding of the possible effects of those threats to their water quality and a record of the then-current state at the time of renovation. In addition, DPNR-DEP could provide permittees with measures they can undertake to eliminate, reduce or manage those risks. As an incentive to renovating permits DPNR-DEP could provide well owner/permittees a specific time period to deal with threats under their control with no penalties. 2012 USVI Integrated Report C. WAPA wells WAPA wells to remain in service The WAPA wells that are to remain in service are shown at Table, below. WAPA has not used any groundwater since about April of 2010 since the RO unit at Richmond came on-line. The wells to be retained will be secured and stand-by power will be provided. As part of the work in this project the possibility of distributing normal power from a central location, probably the Fairplains Pump Station, will be considered and reported. This will ease the provision of stand-by power since a single large generator located at or near the central location could be provided and power distributed using the same network used for normal power. Individual costs are not provided at this time, though approximate costs will be part of the final report following consultations with WAPA on the form and generality of security and service-assurance techniques. All these wells use the Fair Plains pump station. Table IV.C.1 Primary WAPA Wells Well#4 Well Name GPM SWL5 Depth 9 Bethlehem 40 38.1 114.2 10 Bethlehem 40 27.6 121.3 5A Negro Bay 10 52.7 110.5 5 Negro Bay 25 59.3 114.9 6 Negro Bay 20 65.3 130.1 7 Negro Bay 35 58.6 115.1 6 New Golden Grove 35 59.3 114.9 7 New Golden Grove 35 63.3 130.1 8 New Golden Grove 37 52.7 110.5 15A New Golden Grove 40 62.1 122.5 Output of these wells, as reported by WAPA in 2010, sums to about 0.5 MGD (24-hr day, or 0.25/12 hr day). It remains to be seen if these will improve with reduced WAPA usage. DPNR-DEP has recommended placing well-level meters in at least one well in Negro Bay and one in New Golden Grove. Historical data for static water levels[3] in St. Croix are shown at Figure IV.C.26 and Figure IV.C.27. As may be seen Negro Bay and New Golden Grove show the best levels. Half a million gallons per day would approximate around 20-25% of normal production. In the event that these wells would become the sole source in the event of a weather or geologic event interrupting normal service WAPA and St. Croix could probably maintain minimal service for several weeks. The risk of such an event and the value of additional emergency production must be considered. 4 These numbers will be standardized; at least two methods are currently in use. 5 Standing Water Level. 2012 USVI Integrated Report WAPA Wells not now scheduled for service beyond 2010 These are shown in Table . These are mostly wells that were developed and owned by others and WAPA has or will let leaseholds lapse. Owners will be advised that these wells must either be permitted and comply with construction and protection norms or abandoned and closed properly. WAPA-owned wells will be subject to the same requirements. Table IV.C.2 WAPA Wells not intended for service after 2010 Well# Well Name GPM SWL Depth 18 Adventure 7 25.6 88.2 19 Adventure 10 35.6 100.2 20 Adventure 14 33.6 97.6 5 Adventure 25 31.5 103.3 6 Adventure 13 39.3 99.2 8 Adventure 13 25.7 85.9 1 Fairplain 10 27.1 86.7 1 Old Golden Grove 10 29 91.3 15 Old Golden Grove 12 33.5 94.5 16 Old Golden Grove 13 35.7 86.7 21 Old Golden Grove 14 28.7 91.4 In addition to the wells and well fields above, the following well fields (see Table , below) have been in production or were developed at one time and will be visited and checked for WHPP compliance. Those that have reverted to private hands will be noted and DPNR will schedule dates for closing or rehabilitation, sanitary seal acceptability and security. A priority schedule will be developed. Table IV.C.3 WAPA Well Fields not intended for service after 2010 Field Name Number of Wells/ Prosperity Name used for La Grange and Mahogany Road wells at one time Mahogany Road 4 All require proper closure or improved protection and seals if owner wants to continue use. La Grange 2 Operated by Crystal Springs at this point. Old Golden Grove 4 2012 USVI Integrated Report Field Name Number of Wells/ Barren Spot 9 Adventure 9 All are acceptable; will need improved security if owner desires to use these. Concordia 5 Wells selected by the amount of water pumped. The amount of pumpage is generally uncertain and our cut-off is 6,000 gallons per day (gpd, ~2MG per year). The first priority for these wells will be to verify the production numbers. It is known that a number of these wells belong in the high-risk category, in addition. For example, several of these wells are known to be located in parking lots though they are not precisely located. These are shown at Error! Reference source not found. In general, these have the same threats as do the WAPA wells, with the added problem that they can be very near unsewered population centers. Wells prioritized by risk. Risk is used as an analog for the population served or affected by this source and is estimated by: a. Type of purveyor i. Water Source (vendors, standpipe) ii. Bottled Water vendor or source iii. Condominiums iv. Apts v. Hotels b. Population served i. Total for Condos, Apts and Hotels ii. NT for others There are a total of approximately 60 wells in addition to the WAPA wells, or about 140 wells in all. These are listed in Table IV.C.5. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.10. WAPA well with typical platform and riser. Figure IV.C.11. Untypical WAPA well. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.12. Cover of well in parking lot. Figure IV.C.13. Wellhead in sump condition with open sanitary seal (rope and flexible conduit for pump). 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.14. Well with possible surface sources of contamination; note ditch from cistern/wastewater overflow and dumpster. . Figure IV.C.15. Wellhead with compromised sanitary seal and cut in casing. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.16. Francis Water Delivery well site. Google Earth. Figure IV.C.17. Francis Water Site; 1 is well house, 2 is oil tank and ditch. 1 2 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.18. View from North, near well house. Note slope towards well. Figure IV.C.19. Well head and pump, shallow Francis Water Delivery well. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.20. Laundromat well without effective seal. Figure IV.C.21. Diesel tank without containment adjacent to well. well 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.22. Production well for vendor; note the galvanized cover. Figure IV.C.23. What’s under the cover; this abandoned well is adjacent to a production well providing potable water. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.24. Trash near Bethlehem Ghut and wells. Figure IV.C.25. Abandoned Caustic tank near Bethlehem Ghut and wells. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C 17 Improvement of the GWP during FY-11 The initial inspection well has no meter, no wellhead protection and no sanitary condition around the well. The follow-up compliance inspection the mater and wellhead protection were in place, and the surrounding areas of the well were clean. The initial inspection well has no meter and the seal of the well was open. 2012 USVI Integrated Report The follow-up compliance inspection a meter was place and the well seal in correct way. The initial inspection well has no meter. The follow-up compliance inspection a meter was place. 2012 USVI Integrated Report The initial inspection show inactive wells that not were seal and abandon properly. The follow-up compliance inspection all the wells were seal and abandon properly. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Areas that Need to Be Monitor for Improvement A monotoring complaince inspection that verify the proper contruction of the well. The enforcement of the proper abandonment of the inactive wells. 2012 USVI Integrated Report The enforcement of the proper capping and sealing of the wells to prevent wasteful use of the water The enforcement of the wellhead protection to prevent the contamination of the groundwater. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table IV.C.4. Wells Selected By Daily Appropriation Property Owner Pump Rate (GPD) HOVENSA LLC 599999 THE BUCCANEER HOTEL 520000 FIRST AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT GROUP 315000 CARAMBOLA BEACH RESORT & SPA 200000 VIRGIN ISLANDS RUM INDUSTRIES LTD 142000 SEVEN SEAS WATER CORP. 120000 GRAPE TREE SHORES, INC. (Divi Carina) 100000 LOCKHART, HERBERT 100000 CARLOS TRADING, LLC 100000 CROWN MOUNTAIN WATER 80000 AASA WATER SUPPLY 75000 CONTRANT RESORT/ MAHOGANY RUN GOLF COURSE 75000 US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (Remediation Site) 72000 HARBORVIEW APARTMENTS 70000 DVERGSTEN COMPANY, INC 70000 HARBORSIDE CORP/ BOLONGO BAY BEACH RESOT 65000 CHARLES O SCHUSTER TRUST 60000 COUNTRY WATER 60000 MCM TRUCKING 60000 SOUTHGATE GARDENS, INC 60000 GRENMA,INC. DBA PEPPERTREE TERRANCE 60000 VIRGIN WATER, INC. 56000 Krystal Spring LLC Water Delivery 50000 AQUARION SYSTEM, INC. 50000 REYNOLDS, TIMOTHY & KAREN 50000 EGLIN, GENE 50000 VIRGIN BEVERAGES RIXSKIS, INC 50000 O'NEIL, RAYMOND & CANTON, REUBEN 50000 SAPPHIRE BAY CONDO. WEST 45000 2012 USVI Integrated Report VIRGIN ISLANDS PORT AUTHORITY 45000 COUNTRY DAY SCHOOL 40000 HEAVY MATERIAL, LLC 40000 SCHEUER, WALTER 36000 WESTIN ST. JOHN HOTEL CO. 35000 ST. CROIX DAIRY PRODUCTS, INC. 30000 SCHNELL, DONALD 30000 LOFTUS, NOEL 30000 La Reine Laundry 30000 CARIBBEAN HYDRO-TECH INC 30000 COFFELT, GORDON L. 30000 MARCOS WATER 30000 TUTU PARK LTD 28000 Sunny Isle Laundry 25000 Castle Coakley Laundry 25000 RELIANCE LOVENLUND ASSOCIATES, LLLP 24000 UNITED CORPORATION 24000 VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK 22500 Krystal Spring LLC Water Delivery 20000 AMERICAN YACHT HARBOR 20000 SOOKRAM, SIEWDATH 20000 LITTLE ST. JAMES, LLC/EPSTEIN JEFFREY 20000 CHENAY BAY BEACH RESORT 20000 COAKLEY BAY CONDOMINIUMS 20000 ST. THOMAS DAIRIES/ TRANS- CARIBBEAN CORP. 20000 VIRGIN ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK 19000 GINN LA USVI GULF, LLLP 18400 BATES TRUCKING & TRASH REMOVAL, INC 18000 MARSH, GENEVIEVE 15000 VIRGIN ISLANDS MONTESORRI SCHOOL 15000 SUGAR ESTATE ASSOCIATES 15000 FELIX, EMMANUEL 15000 UNIVERSITY OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS 15000 2012 USVI Integrated Report SWEET LIME VILLAGE HOMEOWNERS ASSOC 14400 ST. CROIX MUTUAL HOMES 14000 VIRGIN ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT CORP. 13000 LE BLEU WATER INC 13000 PARRIS, JOHN JR. 12000 YARD CARE LLC/ PC LANDSCAPING 12000 RELIANCE HOUSING SERVICES, LLC 10000 MATTHIAS, DOUGLAS 10000 LIBURD, ALMANDO 10000 BERRY, CRYSTALIA 10000 ROSS ESTATES INC. 10000 EMERALD BEACH CORPORATION 10000 SAINT JOHN LAND INVESTMENT, LTD. 8640 BRUGAL RUM & CO 7500 CANDLE REEF II ASSOCIATION 6000 ISAAC, FERNANDO & LEIDA 6000 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 6000 MAHARAJ, PREMA 6000 WEEDEN, DONALD 5100 CANTON, MARIO 5000 ROLLER, HUGO 5000 BEER, BENJAMIN 5000 WATERGATE VILLAS WEST ASSOCIATION 5000 BURNNETT TOWERS CONDO. 5000 CALEDONIA SPRINGS 5000 COHEN, LAURENCE B. & WENDY H. 4500 STEWART, DOUG 4500 Heavy Material VI LLC 4500 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 4500 WINDWARD PASSAGE HOTEL 4320 SOLOMON'S PLAZA, INC. 4000 CALLSEN, KATHRYN O. 4000 ST. CROIX AMERICAN YOUTH SOCCER ORGANIZATION 4000 GENTLE WINDS CONDOMINIUM 3600 2012 USVI Integrated Report ASSOCIATION, INC FRANCIS, EDWARD SLIM 3000 COLONY COVE ASSOCIATION 3000 DEWOLFE, HOWARD/BOTANICAL GARDENS,INC 3000 TURNBULL, WALLACE 3000 J.B. JONES FARMS 2500 ROHN, LEE 2500 LAPLACE, LARRY 2500 LAPLACE, LARRY 2500 RHF LOVENLUND ASSOCIATES, LTD. 2500 BOSCHULTE, JAMES 2500 FRANCIS WATER 2200 LUTHERAN SOCIAL SERVICES (QUEEN LOUIS HOME) 2000 BRADY, JOHN 2000 SCHUSTER, ELLEN 2000 FARBER, NADIA 2000 WHARFSIDE VILLAGE 2000 MARSH, RUPERT 2000 RUTNIK, ANDREW 2000 CARIBBEAN MINI GOLF 2000 B&W REALITY INVESTMENT LTD. 2000 MAYNARD, PAUL V. 2000 VIRGIN ISLAND DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS 2000 GOOD HOPE COMMUNITY TOWN HOUSE 1800 FREDERICK, HUBERT 1500 RICHARD & LAURIE WOOD TRUST U/T/D 1500 TK PROPERTIES, INC. 1500 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 1500 STEVENS, CARLTON L. 1500 EMANUEL, DESMOND 1500 ESTATE CARLTON CONDOMINIUM 1500 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 1400 SOUTHGATE FARM, INC. 1200 GONZALEZ, DEMETRIUS 1000 2012 USVI Integrated Report ARRENDELL, VINCENT A. 1000 GEORGE, CLINTON 1000 THE GOLDEN TWIN APARTMENT 1000 KEMBA MASSOMA & ANA KAZA 1000 WALLACE, LEOPOLD 1000 RUDOLPH A. JR. - PIMPY'S 1000 MASSAC, CHRISTOPHER KEITH 1000 LAKE, GEORGE 1000 CHARLES, MICHEL 1000 BOYLAN, JEFF 1000 PACHECO, RAFTER & RUBY 1000 K & C DEVELOPMENT, LLC 1000 LARCHEVEAUX, ARCHIBALD 1000 THOMAS, RUDOLPH 1000 CARIB BEACH RESORT 1000 ELMOUR, MARTIN 1000 FRANCIS, WINSTON S. 1000 SUNNY ISLE DEVELOPERS LLC 1000 THE M.K. ARMSTRONG TRUST 1000 ISLAND MEDICAL CENTER 1000 PETERSEN, LUISA 1000 LORRAINE ASSOCIATES 1000 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table IV.C.5. Wells selected by risk to populace System Name Class Category Source Findings Aqua-Mist TNC Water Bottler R/GW Purchased water for bottling. Well now only serves Laundromat on site; unable to access well, owner is finding keys. Francis Water Service Delivery & Sales TNC Water Source GW Out of service; well requires work and better protection. Francis Purified Water BW Bottled Water GW Out of service; well requires work and better protection. Bates Trucking TNC Water Source R/GW Well is sited with many areal threats. Site housekeeping is notably good. Caledonia Spring TNC Bottled Water R Well out-of-service and with acceptable surface closure. Bottling RO water purchased from others. Country Water TNC Water Source GW Nominally this well is also treated by RO. Not verified through site and well visited. Distribution lines from abandoned well need to be blanked and some concerns with cistern. Crystal Springs TNC Water Source GW Uses former WAPA La Grange well. Well is nearly acceptable; numerous areal threats. Marcos Trucking TNC Water Source R/GW Wells difficult to verify; encased in RC structures. Fuel stored on-site next to subsurface electrical service. Site housekeeping particularly good. Carlton Gardens TNC Water Source GW 1-D Estate Carlton Emmanuel's Service TNC Water Source R/GW Unprotected abandoned well adjacent to production well; surface threats. Owner is particularly responsive. Galloway's Delivery TNC Water Source R/GW Out-of-service. Well is well-sited and seal is acceptable. Significant areal threats. Schuster Water Delivery (Blue Mountain Water) Water Source/ Bottled Water Particularly good seals and siting on 2 wells in service. A third well under development (or rehabilitation) is open and needs attention. Significant areal threats. Southgate Gardens TNC Water Source GW Unable to access; will continue. It is thought that Seven Seas is serving most of their former customers. United Corp. Standpipe TNC Water Source R/GW Wells for shopping center need proper sanitary seals. Located in sump conditions and need to be reviewed for this. Carino's Water Service TNC Water Source GW Out-of-service; now operated by Paradise Purification Unknown vendor Water GW Near USVI National Guard at corner of MG Jean 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table IV.C.5. Wells selected by risk to populace System Name Class Category Source Findings Source (supplies some water for bottlers) Augustine Romney Memorial Drive. Not able to enter, but significant threat from heavy use for livestock on site. Paradise Purification BW Bottled Water W/GW Shallow well nominally out of service. Well and seal are acceptable but significant areal threats. Divi Carina Bay Resort NTNC Hotel GWR Sunny Isle Shopping Center NTNC Corp R/GW Wells not all seen; to date are well done and seals are acceptable. Lorraine Village C Apt R/W/GW 20 & 21-A Estate Plessen Buccaneer Hotel (replicate of use table) NTNC Hotel R/GW Estate Shoy Diamond Cinema NTNC Corp R/GW Plot# 93A Estate Diamond Med-Isle I NTNC Corp R/W/GW 29D Estate Diamond-Suite 47 Village Mall NTNC Corp R/WGW 113 Estate Barren Spot St. Croix Mutual Homes #14/15 C Apt R/W/GW Well protected and seal acceptable. St. Croix Mutual Homes #22/23 C Apt R/W/GW Well protected and seal acceptable. St. Croix Mutual Homes #36 C Apt R/W/GW Well protected and seal acceptable. St. Croix Mutual Homes #44/45 C Apt R/W/GW Not served by wells St. Croix Mutual Homes #54/55 C Apt R/W/GW Not served by wells. Queen Louise Home* C Corp R/GW 71 Estate Concordia 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.26. Average Static Water levels in wells on St. Croix. Figure IV.C.27. Static water levels, central St. Croix. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.28. Flood Risks and Production Wells 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.21. Wellhead Protection Zone, La Grange 2012 USVI Integrated Report Figure IV.C.29. Wellhead Protection Zone, Negro Bay #6 2012 USVI Integrated Report Appendix 1: 2012 303(d) List of Impaired Waters 2012 USVI Integrated Report AU ID AU Name Associated Monitoring Stations Priority Class Impairment Source Years Impaired Tentative Year of TMDL Completion VI-STC-02 Frederiksted Harbor STC-28 STC-29 VI970611 Low C Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers Highway/Road/Bridge Runoff (Non-construction Related) 2010 2012 2016 VI-STC-04 Prosperity, nearshore VI252619 Low B Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2016 VI-STC-06 Sprat Hall Beach STC-30 VI645288 Low B Phosphorus Turbidity Dissolved Oxygen Unknown 2010 2012 2016 VI-STC-12 Cane Bay VI201013 Low B Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2020 VI-STC-13 Baron Bluff subwatershed STC-31 VI398766 Low B Enterococci Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Impacts from Resort Areas 2010 2012 2020 VI-STC-16 Salt River Lagoon, Marina STC-33 STC-33C Low B Enterococci Fecal Coliform Turbidity Erosion from Derelict Land (Barren Land) Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges Residential Districts 2010 2012 2016 VI-STC-18 Salt River Bay STC-33A STC-33B VI146901 VI558328 Low B Turbidity Fecal Coliform Land Development Erosion and Sedimentation Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers 2010 2012 2016 VI-STC-23 St. Croix-By-the- Sea STC-34 VI738082 Low B pH Turbidity Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2023 VI-STC-24 Long Reef Back STC-48 Low B Enterococci Municipal Point Source Discharges Prior to 2023 2012 USVI Integrated Report reef, west 2010 VI-STC-25 Princess subwatershed, offshore STC-35 Low B Turbidity Unknown 2012 2023 VI-STC-26 Christiansted Harbor STC-40 STC-41 STC-42 STC-43 STC-46 STC-47 VI572166 Low C Turbidity Marina Boat Maintenance Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges Discharges from Municipal Combined Storm Sewer Systems Impacts from Resort Areas (Winter and Non-winter Resorts) Other Spill Related Impacts 2010 2012 2023 VI-STC-27 Long Reef Forereef, East STC-35A STC-36 Low B Turbidity pH Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges Discharges from Municipal Combined Storm Sewer Systems Prior to 2010 2023 VI-STC-29 Christiansted Harbor, East STC-1 STC-39 VI213332 Low C Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2023 VI-STC-30 Beauregard Bay STC-2 STC-38 VI651587 Low B Secchi Depth Turbidity Fecal Coliform Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2023 VI-STC-31 Buccaneer Beach STC-3 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Secchi Depth Turbidity Fecal Coliform Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) 2010 2025 VI-STC-33 Punnett Bay VI610321 High B Turbidity Land Development Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2014 VI-STC-35 Tamarind Reef Lagoon (Southgate Lagoon) STC-4 High B Dissolved Oxygen Fecal Coliform Secchi Depth Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges Prior to 2010 2014 2012 USVI Integrated Report Turbidity Other Spill Related Impacts Erosion from Derelict Land (Barren Land) Post-development Erosion and Sedimentation Impacts from Resort Areas (Winter and Non-winter Resorts) Discharges from Municipal Combined Storm Sewer Systems VI-STC-36 Green Cay Beach VI563397 High B Turbidity Package Plants (Small Flows) Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2014 VI-STC-37 Southgate Subwatershed, Offshore STC-5 High B Dissolved Oxygen Fecal Coliform Enterococci Turbidity Marina Boat Maintenance Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges Non-Point Source 2010 2014 VI-STC-39 Teague Bay STC-8 STC-9 VI381319 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity pH Fecal Coliform Highway/Road/Bridge Runoff (Non-construction Related) 2010 2012 2027 VI-STC-40 Teague Bay Backreef STC-10 VI351774 Low B Turbidity pH Fecal Coliform Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges 2010 2012 2027 VI-STC-41 Buck Island Backreef STC-6 STC-7 Low A Turbidity Unknown 2012 2027 VI-STC-46 Grapetree Bay STC-11B Low B Dissolved Oxygen Erosion and Sedimentation Prior to 2010 2029 VI-STC-47 Turner Hole VI297470 Low B Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2029 2012 USVI Integrated Report Backreef 2012 VI-STC-56 Bugby Hole Backreef STC-14A STC-14B VI931289 Low B Phosphorus Turbidity Highway/Road/Bridge Runoff (Non-construction) Land Development 2010 2012 2031 VI-STC-59 Canegarden Bay STC-15 Low B Phosphorus Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2031 VI-STC-61 Hess Oil Virgin Islands Harbor STC-16 STC-17 Low C Phosphorus Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Marina Boat Maintenance Major Industrial Point Source 2010 2031 VI-STC-62 Limetree Bay STC-18 Low B Fecal Coliform Unknown Prior to 2010 2031 VI-STC-63 Martin-Marietta Alumina Harbor STC-19 STC-20 Low C Dissolved Oxygen Phosphorus Unknown Prior to 2010 2031 VI-STC-64 Manning Bay/Estate Anguilla Beach STC-23 Low B Phosphorus Fecal Coliform Turbidity Highway/ Road/ Bridge Runoff (Non- construction Related) Municipal Point Source Impacts from Inadequate Industrial/ Commercial Pretreatment 2010 2031 VI-STC-65 HOVENSA West STC-21 STC-22A Low B Enterococci Fecal Coliform Phosphorus Municipal Point Source Discharges Prior to 2010 2031 VI-STC-75 Diamond Subwatershed, Offshore STC-24B Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Phosphorus Enterococci Secchi Depth Toxicity Industrial Point Source Discharge 2010 2017 VI-STC-76 Carlton Beach STC-25 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Industrial Point Source Discharge Prior to 2010 2017 VI-STC-79 Good Hope Beach STC-26 Low B Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2017 VI-STC-82 Sandy Point, Nearshore West STC-27 VI896490 VI907985 Low B Turbidity Dissolved Oxygen Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2017 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STJ-01 Caneel Bay STJ-54 NPS-1 VI658467 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Unknown Prior to 2010 2018 VI-STJ-02 Hawksnest Bay STJ-44B NPS-3 NPS-4 VI255380 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2018 VI-STJ-03 Trunk Bay STJ-44A NPS-5 Low A Dissolved Oxygen Unknown Prior to 2010 2018 VI-STJ-05 Cinnamon Bay STJ-44C NPS-6 NPS-7 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Unknown Prior to 2010 2018 VI-STJ-06 Maho Bay/Francis Bay STJ-44D NPS-8 NPS-9 VI536165 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Unknown 2010 2018 VI-STJ-13 Coral Harbor STJ-53 STJ-56 NPS-15 NPS-16 VI823989 High B Turbidity pH Unknown 2010 2012 2014 VI-STJ-15 Round Bay STJ-57 NPS-22 High B Enterococci Unknown 2012 2014 VI-STJ-23 Fish Bay STJ-48 Medium B pH Turbidity Unknown 2010 2015 VI-STJ-25 Rendezvous Bay subwatershed, offshore STJ-47 NPS-23 VI204627 VI402599 Medium B Turbidity pH Fecal Coliform Enterococci Unknown 2010 2012 2015 VI-STJ-26 Chocolate Hole STJ-46 NPS-24 VI391298 Medium B Dissolved Oxygen pH Turbidity Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges, Non-Point Source 2010 2012 2015 VI-STJ-28 Great Cruz Bay STJ-45 NPS-25 VI779192 Low B Turbidity Dissolved Oxygen pH Illegal Dumping, Non-Point Source On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) 2010 2012 2021 2012 USVI Integrated Report Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources VI-STJ-29 Turner Bay/Enighed Pond STJ-55 NPS-26 Low B Turbidity Municipal Point Source Discharges Prior to 2010 2021 VI-STJ-30 Cruz Bay STJ-43A STJ-43B STJ-43C STJ-43D NPS-27 NPS-28 NPS-29 VI309453 Low B Fecal Coliform Turbidity Secchi Depth Dissolved Oxygen pH Enterococci Commercial Ferries Marina Fueling Operations Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources 2012 2021 VI-STJ-31 Great Cruz Bay Watershed, Offshore VI456779 Low B Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation Prior to 2010 2021 VI-STT-01 Botany Bay STT-9 Low B pH Enterococci Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) 2010 2019 VI-STT-02 Stumpy Bay STT-10 Low B Turbidity pH Unknown Prior to 2010 2019 VI-STT-04 Santa Maria Bay STT-11 Low B Dissolved Oxygen pH Turbidity Post-development Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2019 VI-STT-05 Caret Bay STT-12 Low B Turbidity Dissolved Oxygen pH Unknown Prior to 2010 2022 VI-STT-07 Dorothea STT-13 Low B Turbidity Dissolved Oxygen pH Unknown 2010 2012 2022 VI-STT-08 Hull Bay STT-14 VI616865 Low B Dissolved Oxygen pH Turbidity Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources 2010 2012 2022 VI-STT-10 Magen's Bay STT-15 STT-15A STT-15B Low B Turbidity Dissolved Oxygen pH Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) 2010 2012 2022 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI672756 Enterococci On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) Other Recreational Pollution Sources Changes in Tidal Circulation/ Flushing Highway/ Road/ Bridge Runoff (Non-construction Related) VI-STT-13 Mandahl Bay (Marina) STT-16B STT-16C Low B Enterococci Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen pH Secchi Depth Turbidity Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Changes in Tidal Circulation/ Flushing 2010 2012 2016 VI-STT-15 Sunsi Bay STT-17B Low B Dissolved Oxygen pH Turbidity Unknown 2010 2012 2016 VI-STT-16 Spring Bay STT-17A Low B Dissolved Oxygen pH Unknown Prior to 2010 2016 VI-STT-17 Mandahl Bay Subwatershed, Offshore STT-16A STT-18 VI577932 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Fecal Coliform Turbidity pH Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Illegal Dumping On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) 2010 2012 2016 VI-STT-18 Water Bay STT-19 VI591668 Low B Dissolved Oxygen pH Turbidity Unknown 2010 2012 2024 VI-STT-19 Smith Bay STT-20 VI431925 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized 2010 2012 2024 2012 USVI Integrated Report Systems) VI-STT-21 St. John Bay STT-21A VI327776 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Unknown 2010 2012 2024 VI-STT-22 Red Bay STT-21B Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity pH Urban Runoff Prior to 2010 2024 VI-STT-23 Vessup Bay STT-22B Low B Temperature Enterococci Turbidity Major Municipal Point Source Discharge 2010 2012 2024 VI-STT-24 Red Hook Bay STT-22A VI1764950 Low B Enterococci Turbidity Urban Runoff Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges 2010 2012 2024 VI-STT-25 Great Bay STT-23 VI505006 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Other Marina/ Boating On-vessel Discharges Internal Nutrient Recycling 2010 2012 2026 VI-STT-28 Cowpet Bay STT-24 STT-24A Low B Dissolved Oxygen Package Plants (Small Flows) Prior to 2010 2026 VI-STT-31 Nazareth Bay VI389422 Low B Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2026 VI-STT-32 Jersey Bay, Offshore STT-25 Medium B Fecal Coliform Urban Runoff Prior to 2010 2015 VI-STT-34 Benner Bay Lagoon Marina STT-27D STT-27E Medium B Enterococci Turbidity Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Discharges from Municipal Combined Storm Sewer Systems Changes in Tidal Circulation/ Flushing Highway/ Road/ Bridge Runoff (Non- construction Related) Sanitary Sewer Overflows (Collection System Failures) 2010 2012 2015 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-35 Mangrove Lagoon STT-27A STT-27B STT-27C Medium B Temperature Enterococci Turbidity Changes in Tidal Circulation/ Flushing Discharges from Municipal Combined Storm Sewer Systems Highway/ Road/ Bridge Runoff (Non-construction Related) Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges 2010 2012 2015 VI-STT-36 Frenchman Bay Subwatershed East STT-28A STT-28B VI951607 Medium B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2015 VI-STT-37 Frenchman Bay STT-29A VI891065 Medium B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Impacts from Resort Areas (Winter and Non-winter Resorts) Other Recreational Pollution Sources 2010 2012 2015 VI-STT-38 Limetree Bay STT-29B VI776527 Medium B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) Erosion from Derelict Land (Barren Land) Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) 2010 2012 2015 VI-STT-39 Morningstar Bay STT-30 VI937158 Medium B Enterococci Turbidity Impacts from Resort Areas (Winter and Non-winter Resorts) Other Recreational Pollution Sources 2010 2012 2015 VI-STT-43 St. Thomas Harbor, Inner STT-31B STT-31C STT-32A STT-32B STT-33A STT-33B Low C Turbidity Residential Districts Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers Other 2010 2012 2030 2012 USVI Integrated Report STT-34 STT-35 STT-36 STT-37 STT-38 VI-STT-47 Hassel Island at Haulover Cut to Regis Point STT-2 STT-3 Low C Turbidity Dredging (e.g., for Navigation Channels) Wastes from Pets Other Spill Related Impacts Other Marina/ Boating On-vessel Discharges Highway/ Road/ Bridge Runoff (Non- construction) Ballast Water Releases 2010 2030 VI-STT-49 Druif Bay STT-40 Low B Turbidity Land Development Erosion and Sedimentation Prior to 2010 2030 VI-STT-50 Flamingo Bay STT-41 Low B Turbidity Commercial Ferries Residential Districts Other Marina/ Boating On-vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources 2010 2030 VI-STT-51 Krum Bay STT-4 Low C Turbidity Other Marina/ Boating On-vessel Discharges 2010 2012 2030 VI-STT-52 Lindbergh Bay STT-5A STT-5B VI514102 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Other Recreational Pollution Sources 2010 2012 2032 VI-STT-53 Cyril E. King Airport Subwatershed, STT-6C Low B Dissolved Oxygen Major Municipal Point Source Prior to 2010 2032 2012 USVI Integrated Report Offshore VI-STT-54 Perseverance Bay, Offshore STT-6B Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2033 VI-STT-55 Brewers Bay STT-7A VI293962 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2012 2033 VI-STT-56 Perseverance Bay STT-7B Low B Dissolved Oxygen Erosion and Sedimentation Prior to 2010 2033 VI-STT-57 Fortuna Bay STT-8 Low B Dissolved Oxygen Enterococci Turbidity Erosion and Sedimentation 2010 2033 KEY Text in Green: New Listings Text in Brown: Listings Previously Omitted 2012 USVI Integrated Report Appendix 2: 2012 Responsiveness Summary for US Virgin Islands List of Impaired Waterbodies & Assessment Methodology 2012 USVI Integrated Report Responsiveness Summary 2012 US Virgin Islands List of Impaired Waterbodies & Assessment Methodology March 2013 Prepared By: Department of Planning & Natural Resources Division of Environmental Protection 2012 USVI Integrated Report I. Introduction The Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR) Division of Environmental Protection (DEP) has prepared this report to summarize and respond to the comments received on the public noticed drafts of the US Virgin Islands 2012 List of Impaired Waterbodies and Assessment Methodology. Comments were only received from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 2 (EPA) staff during the 30-day public notice period. The public comment period began on March 21, 2012 and ended on April 21, 2012. The public comment period was published in both local newspapers: The Virgin Islands Daily News and The Avis. Additionally, the public notice was posted on the DPNR-DEP website at the following link: http://www.dpnr.gov.vi II. Comments Below is a summary of the comments received by DPNR and DPNR’s responses to those comments: Comments received on the Draft List of Impaired Waters Number Comment Response 1. There were some hits of VOCs, SVOCs, metals and one pesticide in surface water samples from Turpentine Run collected during both the RI and pre-design investigation. According to the ROD, surface water contamination in the vicinity of FWP was due to leaching of GW from the site. I’m assuming there was no action for surface water because containing the plume would prevent additional leaching. The metals exceedences were primarily downgradient from the Municipal WWTP discharge. I’m not aware of any surface water sampling that has been conducted since the pre- design investigation 12 years ago. Three (3) excepts from related documents attached: 1. SW_pre-design.pdf 2. SW-PhaseIIRI.PDF 3. Fig5-33.pdf DPNR appreciates this comment and will share it with all relevant programs to ensure this situation is monitored. 2012 USVI Integrated Report 2. Coral Bay Community Council: I had a chance to review the 303d narrative. Unfortunately, it still seems to contain the wrong names (and therefore locations) for the assessment unit IDs in Coral Bay. I highlighted all the places in your report that use these labels - to make it easy to correct it -- and also sent the corrected table from our previous discussion. If there is something I don't understand, please let me know. I look forward to the corrected version - since in any case, I do see that Coral Bay is on the priority list, and we appreciate that. Submitted the following files to provide details on her concerns: 1. Corrected Coral Bay Assessment unit Id.docx 2. 303 d narrative 4 12 with highlighted Coral Bay assessment id issues.pdf The corrections were made to the 303d Narrative and throughout the 305(b) Report. 3. Center for Biological Diversity: This agency submitted their comments via a letter and CD of reference documents dated November 22, 2011. The responses to these comments were responded to in the attached letter and table. No comments were received on the Draft Assessment Methodology 2012 USVI Integrated Report GOVERNMENT OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 45 MARS HILL FREDERIKSTED, ST. CROIX, VI 00841 PHONE: (340) 773-1082 FAX: (340) 773-9310 March 26, 2013 Ms. Miyoko Sakashita, Attorney Center for Biological Diversity 351 California Street, Suite 600 San Francisco, CA 94104 Re: Comments received during the Data Solicitation Period for 2012 US Virgin Islands Integrated Report Dear Ms. Sakashita: This letter provides a detailed response to the comments we received from the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) during development of the US Virgin Islands 2012 Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report. The Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Protection (DPNR-DEP) considered all of the information and studies submitted by the Center for Biological Diversity on November 22, 2011. Of the collective 50 references provided by CBD (see table attached), DPNR-DEP identified none that presented information that which warrant listing USVI waterbody segments as impaired based on the US Virgin Islands Water Quality Assessment. DPNR-DEP further assessed these articles to determine whether the information demonstrated that US Virgin Islands (USVI) waters were failing to attain (or will fail to attain by the next listing cycle) USVI’s pH criteria and/or general narrative criteria to protect aquatic life use because of ocean acidification. An overall summary of our response to CBD can be found in the Responsiveness Summary submitted as a part of DPNR- DEP’s Administrative Record for the US Virgin Islands 2012 Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 2 Office. This Responsiveness Summary can be found on our website at: www.dpnr.gov.vi CBD’s detailed comments focused on the three areas where they assert USVI coastal waters should be listed as impaired for not meeting ocean acidification-related water quality standards: 1. ocean waters are exceeding the marine water quality standard for pH; 2. designated uses for aquatic life are likely not attained; and 3. general criteria protecting fish and wildlife are likely not attained. Detailed responses to the comments are provided below: Comment #1: U.S. Virgin Islands must list its ocean waters as impaired because they are not attaining the marine pH water quality standard which allows no more than 0.1 change in pH. On average, the oceans have already declined by 0.11 units as a result of ocean acidification (Caldeira &Wickett 2003; Orr et al. 2005; Caldeira et al. 2007; Feely et al. 2012 USVI Integrated Report 2008). Ocean acidification is also impairing the aquatic life uses of the Virgin Islands’ waters. Within the past decade, scientists have observed a significant decrease in the saturation state of a calcium carbonate mineral, aragonite, in the greater Caribbean region (Gledhill et al. 2008). The calcification of corals is strongly related to the aragonite saturation state (Langdon & Atkinson 2005). Other calcifying animals from plankton to shellfish are also adversely affected by ocean acidification. Response #1: The United States Virgin Islands (USVI) established in the USVI Water Quality Standards Regulations (VIWQSR) that the maintenance and propagation of desirable species of aquatic life (including threatened, endangered species listed pursuant to section 4 of the federal Endangered Species Act and threatened, endangered and indigenous species listed pursuant Title 12, Chapter 2 of the US Virgin Islands Code) and primary contact recreation (swimming, water skiing, etc.) are designated uses to be maintained and protected for the coastal waters of the USVI. Currently for Class A, B and C Waterbodies Aquatic Life Use Support is based on the physical and chemical data available for all parameters applicable to this use as indicated in the VIWQSR. The conventional parameters used for the assessment of aquatic life use support are: Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Temperature, Turbidity and pH. All waters are evaluated, based on the availability of water quality data and/or other available information to determine if they comply with the different applicable water quality standards and whether or not the designated uses are attained. CBD submitted many documents related to ocean acidification and climate change. However, after evaluating all of the studies submitted by CBD, none of the documents included data that showed any pH data outside of USVI's applicable water quality standard pH range of 7.0-8.3 standard units for Class A and B or 6.7-8.5 standard units for Class C. Also, none of the documents submitted provided conclusive evidence that the aquatic life use in the coastal waters of the USVI are threatened or impaired. Further, the studies provided are global in nature and therefore are insufficient to determine whether there is a 0.1 unit change in local coastal waterbody segments. However, according to other available water quality available data, DPNR determined that the assessment units included in Table 1 are impaired for the aquatic life use due to exceedences outside of VI’s water quality pH standard range of 7.0- 8.3 standard units for Class A and B or 6.7-8.5 standard units for Class C. In addition, CBD requests that the USVI includes all water bodies that fail to meet any water quality standard, including numeric criteria, narrative criteria, and water body uses requirements. CBD has not identified which specific USVI coastal waters would need to be listed for not meeting the water quality standards and has not provided a basis to justify such a listing of waters. CBD provided the following references (Caldeira & Wickett 2003; Orr et al. 2005; Caldeira et al. 2007; Feely et al. 2008) to support their positions. However, these articles are insufficient for use in determining whether waterbodies are in compliance with the USVI Water Quality Standards. These studies examine global averages and are not within the appropriate scale to assess USVI coastal waters. Further, the Gledhill et al. (2008) does not contain information, such as raw data, in the methodology section that is required to adequately compare the information provided to the USVI Water Quality Standards and Langdon & Atkinson (2005) article examine aragonite saturation; aragonite is not a parameter listed in the USVI Water Quality Standards and therefore cannot be used to list USVI coastal waters as impaired. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Table 1. USVI Coastal Assessment Units Currently listed for pH Impairments Assessment Units Sources of Pollution Causes of Impairment VI-STC-23 (St. Croix-By-The-Sea) Urban Runoff/Storm Sewers Erosion and Sedimentation pH, Turbidity VI-STC-27 (Long Reef Forereef, East) Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges Discharges from Municipal Combined Storm Sewer Systems pH, Turbidity VI-STC-39 (Teague Bay) Highway/Road/Bridge Runoff (Non- construction Related) Dissolved Oxygen, Turbidity, pH, Fecal Coliform VI-STC-40 (Teague Bay, Backreef) Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) Marina/Boating Sanitary On-vessel Discharges Turbidity, pH, Fecal Coliform VI-STJ-15 (Round Bay) Unknown Turbidity, pH VI-STJ-23 (Fish Bay) Unknown Turbidity, pH VI-STJ-25 (Rendezvous Bay subwatershed, offshore) Unknown Turbidity, pH, Fecal Coliform VI-STJ-26 (Chocolate Hole) Marina/Boating Sanitary; On-vessel Discharges, Non-Point Source Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Turbidity VI-STJ-28 (Great Cruz Bay) Illegal Dumping, Non-Point Source On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, pH VI-STJ-30 (Cruz Bay) Commercial Ferries Marina Fueling Operations Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Commercial Ferries Marina Fueling Operations Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Fecal Coliform, Turbidity, Secchi Depth, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Enterococci, Fecal Coliform VI-STT-01 (Botany Bay) Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) pH, Enterococci VI-STT-02 (Stumpy Bay) Unknown Turbidity, pH 2012 USVI Integrated Report VI-STT-04 (Santa Maria Bay) Post-development Erosion and Sedimentation Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Turbidity VI-STT-05 (Caret Bay) Source Unknown Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, pH VI-STT-07 (Dorothea) Source Unknown Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, pH VI-STT-08 (Hull Bay) Other Marina/Boating On-vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Turbidity VI-STT-10 (Magen’s Bay) Highways, Roads, Bridges, Infrastructure (New Construction) On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) Other Recreational Pollution Sources Changes in Tidal Circulation/ Flushing Highway/ Road/ Bridge Runoff (Non-construction Related) Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Fecal Coliform, Enterococci VI-STT-13 (Mandahl Bay Marina) Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Changes in Tidal Circulation/ Flushing Enterococci, Fecal Coliform, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Secchi Depth, Turbidity VI-STT-15 (Sunsi Bay) Sources Unknown Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Turbidity VI-STT-16 (Spring Bay) Sources Unknown Dissolved Oxygen, pH VI-STT-17 (Mandahl Bay Subwatershed, Offshore) Other Marina/ Boating On- vessel Discharges Other Recreational Pollution Sources Illegal Dumping On-site Treatment Systems (Septic Systems and Similar Decentralized Systems) Dissolved Oxygen, Total Fecal Coliform, Turbidity, pH VI-STT-18 (Water Bay) Sources Unknown Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Turbidity VI-STT-22 (Red Bay) Urban Runoff Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Turbidity Comment #2: Coastal waters do not attain the numeric criteria for pH Response #2: After evaluating all of the studies submitted for CBD, none of the documents included data that shows any data outside of the accepted range of 7.0-8.3 standard units for Class A and B or 6.7-8.5 standard units for Class C standard units from USVI's pH applicable water quality standard or justification for listing additional USVI coastal waters as impaired. However, after reviewing monitoring data and the USVI Water Quality Standards, the assessment units listed above in Table 1 have been listed as impaired for pH. 2012 USVI Integrated Report CBD provided the following references (Caldeira & Wickett 2003; Orr et al. 2005; Caldeira et al. 2007; Feely et al. 2004; Feely et al. 2008) to support their positions. However, these articles are insufficient for use in determining whether waterbodies are in compliance with the USVI Water Quality Standards. These studies examine global averages and are not within the appropriate scale to assess USVI coastal waters. Additionally, they are insufficient to determine whether there is a 0.1 unit change in local coastal waterbody segments. As for Orr et al. (2005), this modeling study is written at a global spatial scale and no methodology section was provided to sufficiently to determine its correlation to USVI’s waterbody segments. Meehl et al. (2007) document was not included in the references provided by CBD; therefore, DPNR could not review this reference for compliance with the USVI Water Quality Standards. Comment#3: Virgin Islands has sensitive coral reefs that are threatened by ocean acidification Response #3: DPNR agrees that its coral reefs are sensitive resources that must be protected. USVI Water Quality Standards currently has narrative Biocriteria which is used in this regard. DPNR has conducted studies in conjunction with EPA Region 2 through a RARE Project which collected data to show the correlation between better water quality data and coral health. This project also allowed the Biological Assessment Protocol to be tested in the USVI coastal waters. Additionally, there are currently on-going projects to collect additional data. Once all the data is collected and analyzed DPNR will work to develop additional biological criteria for is coastal waters. The Albright et al. 2010 article presents the results for a laboratory study with the objective of investigating the effect of pCO2 on the three sequential life histories that are critical to successful sexual recruitment of broadcast-spawning reef corals. As part of the discussion the authors established that the Caribbean acroporid populations have experienced widespread decline over the last several decades due to hurricanes, disease, bleaching, and predation. In summary, DPNR determined that this article appears to present information on the aquatic life use criteria and will continue to gather data to determine if a future “threat” listing is needed. The Cohen et. al. 2009 and Cohen and Holcomb 2009 studies provided do not contain sufficient information in the methodology sections that is needed to effectively compare the data provided with the USVI's water quality standards. Specifically, the Cohen et. al. 2009, does not provide sufficient raw data, while the Cohen and Holcomb article does not contain a methodology section. Although the Cohen et al. study does include specimens from Bermuda, it should be noted that Bermuda is located much further north and is closer to the US Mainland than the USVI. Similarly, the De’ath, Lough, and Fabricius (2009) experiments conducted during this study were located near the Great Barrier Reef, which are both geographically too far from the USVI to extrapolate data on aquatic life within the USVI coastal waters. The Veron 2011 article is a literature review document which presents information that is not at an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters. Comment #4: Estuaries are already impacted by ocean acidification Response #4: DPNR agrees that USVI estuaries are some of the most biologically productive and may contain some of the most extensive ecosystems and that they may be more susceptible to changes in pH than the open ocean. The articles prepared by A. W. Miller et al. in 2009; Waldbusser et al. 2010; Feely et al. 20120 and Miller 2009 are conducted in areas that are geographically too far from the USVI to extrapolate data for USVI coastal waters. Therefore, these articles do not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for exceedences of pH or other water quality standard. Comment #5: Ocean acidification’s impacts are overwhelmingly negative for aquatic life. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Response #5: Although DPNR agrees that ocean acidification’s impact may be negative for aquatic life, the studies presented do not provide sufficient information that allows DPNR to confirm this determination as it relates to USVI’s aquatic life. Additionally, DPNR agrees that the study of ocean acidification can benefit from further studies which would be more conclusive in determining its impact in the USVI coastal waters. The Kroeker et al. study indicated that several investigations were not included because there was not enough information reported to ensure their comparability (e.g., seawater pH or two parameters of the carbonate chemistry). This article also did not provide any pH data showing the impairment of USVI's coastal waters. DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. The Tasneem Abbasi and S. A. Abbassi literature review summarized studies conducted in the Southern Ocean, Great Barrier Reef and California’s coast which hypothesized that an increased CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere is resulting in Ocean Acidification, which when combined with global temperature rise is leading to the decreased number of corals and other calcifying organisms. However, none of the studies were conducted in or near waters which are representative of the USVI's coastal waters. Similarly, the Talmage and Gobler 2009 article is based on studies which obtained filtered seawater from eastern Shinnecock Bay, New York and larvae obtained from the East Hampton Shellfish Hatchery, which are also not representative of the USVI's coastal waters. Finally, although the National Research Council and the United Nations Environment Programme articles discuss the effects of ocean acidification in the US Mainland and throughout the world, neither article represents information specific to the USVI coastal waters or provided a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. Comment #6: Carbon dioxide trends further demonstrate the need to act now. Response #6: The Intergovernmental Panel study discusses the correlation between climate change and sea level rise. The section on ocean acidification, mentions that the results of the time series stations include not only the increase in the anthropogenic carbon, but also other changes due to local physical and biological variability. The study continues to state that the consequences of the changes in pH on marine organism are poorly known. While, the Global Carbon Project document summarizes and presents global data; it is not an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to the USVI's coastal waters. In closing, DPNR would like to thank you, , for providing comments on the 2012 USVI Impaired Waters List during the development of the US Virgin Islands 2012 Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report. If you have further questions regarding our responses, please feel free to contact me at (340) 774-3320 or by email at david.simon@dpnr.gov.vi. Sincerely, David Alvaro Simon, P.E. Director cc: Nesmarie Negron, USEPA Region 2 Anita E. Nibbs, DPNR-DEP 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment 1. Abbasi, Tasneem, and S. A. Abbasi. Ocean Acidification: The Newest Threat to the Global Environment Summary of studies conducted in Southern Ocean, Great Barrier Reef, California’s coast and North Pacific and Indians Oceans. Increased CO2 concentrations in the atmosphereOcean Acidification combined with global temperature rise are leading to the decreased number of corals and other calcifying organisms. Literature review This article does not provide any information or data that could be used to determine whether USVI Water Quality Standards are not being met because the literature reviewed focused on a scale which was not appropriate to extrapolate data for USVI coastal waters. 2. Albright, Rebecca, Benjamin Mason, Margaret Miller, and Chris Langdon Ocean acidification compromises recruitment success of the threatened Caribbean coral Acropora palmata Study was developed to determine whether OA threatens successful sexual recruitment of reef-building corals through testing fertilization, settlement, and post-settlement growth of Acropora palmata at pCO2 levels that represent average ambient conditions during coral spawning. The fertilization experiments described in this report were conducted in field laboratories in Key Largo, FL. Settlement and growth experiments were conducted at the Climate Change Laboratory at the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Field and Laboratory Investigation DPNR determined that this article appears to present information on the aquatic life use criteria and will continue to gather data to determine if a future “threat” listing is needed. 3. Anderson, K., and A. Bows Beyond 'dangerous' climate change: emission scenarios for a new world Building on previous studies, this paper uses a cumulative emissions framing, broken down to Annex 1 and non-Annex 1 nations, to understand the implications of rapid emission growth in nations such as China and India, for mitigation rates elsewhere. The Information document Paper attempts to determine rating system to describe level of threat posed by climate change, specifically from CO2 emissions. However, since the paper focuses on global scenarios of atmospheric CO2 and includes no water analyses it does not provide any 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment analysis suggests that despite high- level statements to the contrary, there is now little to no chance of maintaining the global mean surface temperature at or below 2◦C. Moreover, the impacts associated with 2◦C have been revised upwards, sufficiently so that 2◦C now more appropriately represents the threshold between ‘dangerous’ and ‘extremely dangerous’ climate change. information/data that could be used to determine whether USVI Water Quality Standards are not being met. This document does provide information at an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI waters. 4. Bates, NR, A. Amat, and AJ Anderson Feedbacks and responses of coral calcification on the Bermuda reef system to seasonal changes in biological processes and ocean acidification Data sets were used to compare seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification rates from the high- latitude coral reef of Bermuda to study the present and future potential impact of rising carbon dioxide levels and ocean acidification on coral reef ecosystems in their natural environment. Field Study The study described throughout occurred in Bermuda. Although, it showed that physical changes experienced by Bermuda’s reef system may be related to seasonal changes. Geographically Bermuda is too far to extrapolate data on aquatic life in the USVI. 5. Beman, J Michael, Cheryl-emiliane Chow, Andrew L King, Yuanyuan Feng, and Jed A Fuhrman Global declines in oceanic nitrification rates as a consequence of ocean acidification The water samples collected from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, near the Bermudas, Hawaii, California coast and Saragossa Sea were collected and analyzed in a laboratory Field sample collection and laboratory experiments The study was laboratory-based with no field data collected. Lab studies alone are not sufficient to determine whether water quality standards are being met in USVI waters because water quality parameters are manipulated and therefore may not reflect the actual conditions within waterbodies. 6. Beman, J Michael, et. al. Supporting Information This is the supporting information document for the study Global declines in oceanic nitrification rates as a consequence of ocean acidification. The supporting information for the study’s results and discussion, explains that in certain ammonia oxidizer Laboratory Experiments This document does not provide any pH data showing the impairment of USVI's coastal waters. Given the geographic distances of the study sites to USVI, they may not representative the natural characteristics of USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, this 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment communities present at different times or in different locations may be more or less sensitive to pH change of >0.14. Other information provided related to the materials and methods include experimental details; carbonate system parameters; 15NH4+ oxidation rate measurements and additional calculations. article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for exceedences of pH or other water quality standard. 7. Bindoff, N.L., J Willebrand, V Artale, A. Cazenave, J.M. Gregory, S Gulev, K Hanawa, C. Le Quere, S Levitus, and Y Nojiri. Observations: oceanic climate change and sea level. In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change The study discusses the correlation between climate change and sea level rise. The section on ocean acidification, mentions that the results of the time series stations include not only the increase in the anthropogenic carbon, but also other changes due to local physical and biological variability. The study continues to state that the consequences of the changes in pH on marine organism are poorly known. Laboratory and Field Experiments This study does not provide any pH data showing the impairment of USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for exceedences of pH or other water quality standard for aquatic life use. 8. Byrne, Maria, Melanie Ho, Eunice Wong, Natalie a Soars, Paulina Selvakumaraswamy, Hannah Shepard-Brennand, Symon a Dworjanyn, and Andrew R Davis Unshelled abalone and corrupted urchins: development of marine calcifiers in a changing ocean The study indicated that the species investigated in the southeast Australia, a climate change hotspot, where the ocean is warming a several times faster than the global average will decrease the species diversity. Additionally, ocean warming, acidification, decreased carbonate saturation are likely to impair skeletogenesis in various marine organisms. Laboratory Experiments This study does not provide any pH data showing the impairment of USVI's coastal waters because the study site, Southeast Australia, is located geographically too far from the USVI to extrapolate water quality data for the USVI coastal waters. Therefore, this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for exceedences of pH or other water quality standard for aquatic life use. 9. Byrne, R.H., Sabine Mecking, R.A. Feely, and Xuewu Liu Direct observations of basin wide acidification of the North Pacific Ocean The study it explains that the 15- years pH differences are mapped and analyzed. It was noted that at high depths the pH change was Field sample collection and laboratory experiments Given geographical distance of the study site and the USVI, it may be too far to extrapolate data to aquatic life in USVI coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment zero, but samples collected nearer to the surface displayed substantial changes in pH concentration which was later separated into anthropogenic and non anthropogenic components. Study area: North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans specifically between Ohau, Hawaii and Kodiak, Alaska. 10. Caldeira, K, and M.E. Wickett Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH The authors provide information that corrects data previously published that states that decreases in the ocean’s pH caused by the release of CO2 will be simply reversed. The authors, however, believe that the decrease in ocean pH is evitable; which will continue to affect marine biota. Description of model results Data provided does not allow for the determination of natural conditions. Therefore, this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for exceedences of pH or other water quality standard for aquatic life use 11. Caldeira, Ken, and David Archer Comment on Modern-age buildup of CO2 and its effects on seawater acidity and salinity; by Hugo A. Loaiciga (DOI 10.1029/2006GL027288) The object of the document is to prove that the investigation conducted by Hugo A. Loáiciga is incorrect. The author concluded that the conclusions of the Loáiciga do not apply to the real ocean.” Information study This study does not provide any pH data showing the impairment of USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for exceedences of pH or other water quality standard for aquatic life use. 12. Canadell, J. G., C. Le Quéré, M. R. Raupach, C. B. Field, E. T. Buitenhuis, P. Ciais, T. J. Conway, N. P. Gillett, J. T. Houghton, and G. Marland Contributions to accelerating atmospheric CO2 growth from economic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks This paper discusses the affect that the global economy has had on the increase of CO2 emission from fossil fuels. The paper continues to outline the change in the earth decrease in its efficiency to absorb anthropogenic emissions. Modeling Investigation study This modeling study does not contain information in the methodology section that is needed to effectively compare the data provided with the USVI's water quality standards. 13. Cohen, A.L., D.C. McCorkle, S. de Putron, G.A. Gaetani, and K.A. Rose Morphological and compositional changes in the skeletons of new coral recruits reared in acidified seawater: Insights into the The study investigated the changes that show in the morphology of the coral. Modeling Laboratory experiment This modeling study does not contain sufficient raw data in the methodology section that is needed to effectively compare the data 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment biomineralization response to ocean acidification The sample was collected from Bermuda reef and the experiment develops in a laboratory. provided with the USVI's water quality standards. 14. Cohen, A.L., and M. Holcomb Why corals care about ocean acidification: Uncovering the mechanism The effect of the ocean acidification in the coral reef principally the high amount energy used in calcification. Modeling This modeling study does not contain a methodology section that is needed to effectively compare the data provided with the USVI's water quality standards. 15. Cooley, S.R., and S.C. Doney Anticipating ocean acidification’s economic consequences for commercial fisheries The authors use an economic approach to outline the effect that ocean acidification has on the US commercial fishery; especially on mollusk and possible strategies to support fisheries and marine- resources dependent communities. Investigation This document does not present information on an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters. 16. De’ath, Glenn, J.M. Lough, and K.E. Fabricius Declining coral calcification on the Great Barrier Reef The paper describes an investigation of the effect of the climate change and ocean acidification on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, using Porites coral as an indicator of the environmental condition and the decline of the coral growth. Laboratory experiments Modeling This modeling study does not contain information in the methodology section that is needed to effectively compare the data provided with the USVI's water quality standard. DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 17. Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo, Marine Gouezo, Bronte Tilbrook, Sophie Dove, and Kenneth R N Anthony High CO2 enhances the competitive strength of seaweeds over corals The experiments described in this report were conducted in Heron Island Research Station in Australia. The samples were collected on the Great Barrier Reef. The experiments served to describe the effect of the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 in the competition between coral and seaweeds. (May and June, the Laboratory experiment Australia is geographically too far from the USVI to extrapolate data on aquatic life within the USVI coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment Australia autumn/winter 2009). The methodology section of the study indicated that the investigation was performed with controlled pH measurements of 7.60-8.10. The discussion and the results indicate that the mechanism by which increased pCO2 enhanced coral mortality at the interface between the seaweed and the coral tissue could not be deduced from our observations or data. Other asseverations indicated that not only the increase of pCO2 interacts in the competition between coral and seaweed or the mortality of the coral if not that chemical and biological process can cause coral mortality depending on the population and the others factors. The experiment shows that multiple factor can disturb the dynamics in the corals reefs. 18. Environmental Protection Agency Memo: Integrated reporting and listing decisions related to ocean acidification. (NOT PROVIDED) Information for all Regions and States. EPA Guidelines EPA provides this information for the purpose of assisting the regions and states in preparing and reviewing Integrated Reports related to ocean acidification impacts under Sections 303(d), 305(b), and 314 of the Clean Water Act (CWA). 19. Feely, R.A., S.R. Alin, Jan Newton, C.L. Sabine, Mark Warner, Allan Devol, Christopher Krembs, and Carol Maloy The combined effects of ocean acidification, mixing, and respiration on pH and carbonate saturation in an urbanized estuary Study Area: Puget Sound Estuary in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The area of the study is strongly influenced by seasonal upwelling. The article described the combined effects of ocean acidification and Laboratory Experiment Since Puget Sound Estuary is geographically far from the USVI it may to be too far to extrapolate data to aquatic life within USVI coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment other natural and anthropogenic processes on Puget Sound waters. It was a seasonal study. 20. Feely, R.A., C.L. Sabine, J.M. Hernandez-Ayon, Debby Ianson, and Burke Hales Evidence for upwelling of corrosive ‘acidified’ water onto the continental shelf Hydrogeographic surveys along the continental shelf of western North America from central Canada to northern Mexico. The measurement of the pH observed during the investigation is in the range of 8.1-7.6. Field experiment Given the geographically distance of the study sites from the USVI it may be too far to extrapolate data on the aquatic life within the USVI coastal waters. 21. Feely, R.A., C.L. Sabine, Kitack Lee, Will Berelson, Joanie Kleypas, V.J. Fabry, and F.J. Millero Impact of anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 system in the oceans (NOT PROVIDED) The authors describe the effect of the CO2 in the calcification rates. Field and laboratory experiment This article does not provide at an appropriate scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, DPNR has determined that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 22. Friedlingstein, P., R. A. Houghton, G. Marland, J. Hackler, T. A. Boden, T. J. Conway, J. G. Canadell, M. R. Raupach, P. Clais, and C. Le Quéré Update on CO2 emissions Review of the CO2 emission by multiple factor such as global financial and economy crisis. Investigation This article does not provide at an appropriate scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, DPNR has determined that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 23. Fussel, H.-M An updated assessment of the risks from climate change based on research published since the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report This paper presents an updated assessment of the risks from anthropogenic climate change, based on a comprehensive review of the pertinent scientific literature published since finalization of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment ReportAR4. Literature review This article does not provide at an appropriate scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, DPNR has determined that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment 24. Gledhill, D.K., Rik Wanninkhof, F.J. Millero, and Mark Eakin Ocean acidification of the greater Caribbean region 1996–2006 The study analyzes the Greater Caribbean Region as the region comprising waters 90-60W, 15- 30N. This region houses extensive carbonate platform production and coral reef ecosystems including those of the Antilles Islands arc. Field and laboratory experiment Modeling This study did not indicate if samples were collected or if studies were conducted within or near the USVI’s coastal waters. However, the study does recognize that there are multiple variables that influence the Caribbean Reef which are threatened with some of the greatest anthropogenic effects of human population growth, overfishing, coastal development, sediments, land-base pollution, nutrient runoff, boat damage and coral disease. The study does not contain information in the methodology section that is required to adequately compare the data provided against the standard. Therefore, DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 25. Global Carbon Project Carbon Budget 2009 Global review and estimates of carbon and related emissions/concentrations Literature review The document summarizes and presents global data and therefore not at an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters. 26. Guinotte, J.M., and V.J. Fabry Ocean acidification and its potential effects on marine ecosystems The study indicated the possible impact in a group of marine organisms caused by ocean acidification. Laboratory experiment/ Literature Review The methodology portion of this study does not provide data/information needed to make a listing decision. 27. Hoegh-Guldberg, O., PJ Mumby, AJ Hooten, RS Steneck, P. Greenfield, E. Gomez, CD Harvell, PF Sale, AJ Edwards, and K Caldeira Coral reefs under rapid climate change and ocean acidification The study outlined the effect of the ocean acidification in the marine ecosystem. It also presented data on the effect of the ocean acidification in the Great Coral Barrier of Australia and the Caribbean corals. It does not Modeling The information provided in the methodology section is not sufficient to effectively make a listing decision. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment mention the location of corals in the Caribbean. 28. Hoeke, Ron K., Paul L. Jokiel, Robert W. Buddemeier, and Russell E. Brainard Projected Changes to Growth and Mortality of Hawaiian Corals over the Next 100 Years This study investigates the uses of modeling techniques to quantitatively examine rates of coral cover change due to ocean acidification’s effects on the Hawaiian Corals. This pilot study focuses on sites within the greater Hawaiian Archipelago to allow an examination of model sensitivities in a region of relatively low biological diversity (compared with the western Indo-Pacific) and reasonably well-studied responses of growth rates of several dominant reef-building corals to temperature models. This is accomplished by using evaluated coral mortality and coral bleaching. The study indicates the model does not account for multiple variations of the ecosystem dynamics. Modeling Given the geographic distances of the Hawaiian Archipelago to USVI, it may not be representative of the natural characteristics of the USVI's coastal waters. 29. Jiang, L.Q., W.J. Cai, R.A. Feely, Yongchen Wang, Xianghui Guo, D.K. Gledhill, Xinping Hu, Felipe Arzayus, Feizhou Chen, and Justin Hartmann Carbonate mineral saturation states along the US East Coast Effect of the OA in the marine ecosystem in U.S. continental shelf (South Atlantic Bight) extends along the eastern U.S. coast from Cape Hatteras, North Carolina to West Palm Beach, Florida. Natural variation is not necessarily representative of USVI. The study investigates the differences in carbonate mineral saturation in the US East Coast and the West Coast of North America. The study Field and laboratory investigation Since the South Atlantic Bight and the West Coast of North America are both geographically far from the USVI, therefore they may not be representative of the natural characteristics of the USVI's coastal waters. USVI's coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment concluded that the region’s natural variation influences changes in the ocean’s chemistry. In the case presented it was indicated that the waters’ temperature and other regional natural conditions play important roles in the changes of the water chemistry. 30. Kelly, R P, M M Foley, W S Fisher, R A Feely, B S Halpern, G G Waldbusser, and M R Caldwell Mitigating Local Causes of Ocean Acidification with Existing Laws The document indicates that there are other causes that contribute to coastal acidification to include fresh waters inputs, pollutants and soil erosion. It is also mentioned that states have law mechanisms for protecting the coastal waters against acidification. Literature review This document is not written at the appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, DPNR has determined that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 31. Kroeker, Kristy J., Rebecca L. Kordas, Ryan N. Crim, and Gerald G. Singh REVIEW AND SYNTHESIS: Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms Summary, synthesis and analysis of several investigations related to ocean acidification. Meta-analysis Literature Review The study indicates that several investigations were not included because there was not enough information reported to ensure their comparability (e.g., seawater pH or two parameters of the carbonate chemistry). This problem highlights the importance of data reporting in future ocean acidification research. For example biological response to ocean acidification, the studies were limited to a few taxonomic groups and even fewer ecosystems. DPNR has determined that the methodology portion of this study does not provide data/information needed to make a listing decision. 32. Kuffner, I.B., A.J. Anderson, P.L. Jokiel, K.S. Rodgers, and F.T. Mackenzie Decreased abundance of crustose coralline algae due to ocean acidification Seven weeks of experiments exploring the effects of ocean acidification on crustose coralline algae. The investigation collected Laboratory experiment This study was laboratory-based with no field data. Laboratory studies alone are not sufficient to determine whether water quality 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment information of changes in benthic communities to predict possible effects in the future. standards are being met in state waters because water quality parameters are manipulated and therefore, may not reflect the actual conditions within a waterbody. DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by exceedences of pH or other water quality standard. 33. Lenton, T. M., H. Held, E. Kriegler, J. W. Hall, W. Lucht, S. Rahmstorf, and H. J. Schellnhuber. Tipping elements in the Earth's climate system (NOT PROVIDED) The study is about climate change. Literature review This article is not based on an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI waters. 34. Lischka, S., J. Büdenbender, T. Boxhammer, and U. Riebesell Impact of ocean acidification and elevated temperatures on early juveniles of the polar shelled pteropod Limacina helicina: mortality, shell degradation, and shell growth (NOT PROVIDED) Summarized a 29-day experiment in September/October 2009, which investigated the effects of rising partial pressure of CO2 and elevated temperature on pre-winter juveniles of the pteropod Limacina helicina. This study applied specifically to species inhabiting the Arctic surface waters that are projected to become temporarily and locally under-saturated with respect to aragonite as early as 2016. Field and laboratory experiment Natural conditions in the study area are not representative of the natural conditions of the USVI. The experiment was conducted in temperatures between 1-8 °C. Therefore, USVI determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 35. Mathis, Jeremy T., Jessica N. Cross, and Nicholas R. Bates Coupling primary production and terrestrial runoff to ocean acidification and carbonate mineral suppression in the eastern Bering Sea Effect of ocean acidification on the marine ecosystem in the Bering Sea. Field and laboratory experiment Given the geographical distances from the study site to the USVI it may not be representative of the natural conditions of the USVI. Therefore, DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 36. Miller, A.W., A.C. Reynolds, Shellfish face uncertain future in Laboratory experiment was Laboratory This study was a laboratory-based 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment Cristina Sobrino, and G.F. Riedel high CO2 world: influence of acidification on oyster larvae calcification and growth in estuaries (NOT PROVIDED) conducted at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Edgewater. The organisms were obtained from the Virginia Institute for Marine Science’s Eastern Shore Laboratory, Wachpreague, VA. The study investigated the effects of CO2 in the estuarine ecosystem. The researchers indicated that the estuaries are more susceptible to changes in pH than the open oceans. experiment study with no field data. Laboratory studies alone are not sufficient to determine whether water quality standards are being met in state waters because water quality parameters are manipulated and therefore may not reflect the actual conditions within a waterbody. 37. McMullen, C. P., and J. Jabbour Climate Change Science Compendium 2009 Summary of the effects of climate change and the use of models to predict them. Literature review The information provided is not at an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters. 38. Munday, PL, and DL Dixson Replenishment of fish populations is threatened by ocean acidification The study investigates the effect of rising CO2 in the behavior of larva fish. Species used came from the Cook University, Townsville, Australia and from the Great Barrier reef, Australia. Laboratory experiment The study is not representative of the population in USVI's coastal waters given the geographical distances the study sites to the USVI. 39. National Research Council Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean (NOT PROVIDED) This paper summarizes the anticipated consequences of ocean acidification due to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels on fisheries, protected species, coral reefs, and other natural resources in the United States and internationally. The paper recommends that priorities be established for a national research, monitoring, and assessment plan to advance understanding of the biogeochemistry of carbon dioxide uptake in the ocean and the Informative study The information provided in this article is not in an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment relationship to atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, and to reduce uncertainties in projections of increasing ocean acidification and the potential effects on living marine resources and ocean ecosystems. 40. Orr, J.C., V.J. Fabry, Olivier Aumont, Laurent Bopp, S.C. Doney, R.A. Feely, Anand Gnanadesikan, Nicolas Gruber, Akio Ishida, and Fortunat Joos Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms The investigation focuses on future surface and subsurface changes in high latitude regions; specifically in Southern Ocean, Artic Oceans and Subartic where planktonic shelled pteropods are prominent components. Modeling This modeling study’s is presented in a global scale and there is no methodology section which are needed to determine correlation with USVI waterbody segments. 41. Pelejero, Carles, and Eva Calvo Paleo-perspectives on ocean acidification The study presents changes in the ocean’s water chemistry to include the decrease in pH. This study presents this information to provide a basis for understanding present and anticipated future changes. Literature review The study presents information which shows the Atlantic Ocean to have pH measurements of 7.4-8.4; however, it is not at an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. 42. Raupach, M. R., G. Marland, P. Ciais, C. Le Quéré, J. G. Canadell, G. Klepper, and C. B. Field Global and regional drivers of accelerating CO2 emissions This study reviews information on global emissions of CO2. This analysis uses nine noncontiguous regions such as the U.S., China, Japan and others. The study takes into consideration the emission of CO2 and regionalized trends of the emissions. Literature review The study does not provide any pH data showing the impairment of USVI's coastal waters. DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 43. Richardson, K., W. Steffen, H. J. Schellnhuber, J. Alcamo, T. Barker, R. Leemans, D. Liverman, M. Munasinghe, B. Osman-Elasha, N. Stern, and O. Waever Synthesis Report from Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions, Copenhagen 2009 It summarizes the consequences of climate change on all aspects of the human being. It explores how the consequences of the environmental situation worldwide results in social effects and risks to human health which can both be attributed to climate change. Literature review The information presented is not at an appropriate scale to extrapolate to USVI's coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment 44. Schneider, Kenneth, and Jonathan Erez The effect of carbonate chemistry on calcification and photosynthesis in the hermatypic coral Acropora eurystoma Laboratory experiments were conducted on A. eurystomas coral. The coral samples were collected near Inter-University Instituted (IUI) in Eilat, Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea. The authors indicated that these studies did not separate the effects of pH and CO2. It was also noted that they obtained somewhat conflicting results with respect to the effects of Ca+. Laboratory experiment Given the geographic distances of the study sites to USVI, they may not representative of the natural characteristics of USVI's coastal waters. DPNR determines that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 45. Silverman, Jacob, Boaz Lazar, Long Cao, Ken Caldeira, and Jonathan Erez Coral reefs may start dissolving when atmospheric CO2 doubles The study investigated the decline in calcification of coral reefs as a result of increased temperature and atmospheric CO2. Modeling This article does not an appropriate methodology portion that provides data/information needed to make a listing decision. 46. Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Ocean acidification effects on shellfish workshop: Findings and recommendations (NOT PROVIDED) This document summarized workshops held at Southern California Coastal Water Research Project office in Costa Mesa, California on July 7-8, 2010. The workshop included presentations which summarized OA research on the impacts on the west coast shellfish industry. Workshop participants determined that the existing datasets could not be used to explain impacts of OA on shellfish productivity, because the datasets are physically and spatially dissociated and the experiments do not follow standardized protocols. Workshop Findings Given the geographic distances of the study sites to USVI, they may not representative of the natural characteristics of USVI's coastal waters. Therefore, DPNR determined that this document does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit for noncompliance of pH or other water quality standards. 47. Suwa, Ryota, Masako Nakamura, Effects of acidified seawater on Manipulated duplicative aquarium Laboratory The study was not found to be 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment Masaya Morita, Kazuaki Shimada, Akira Iguchi, Kazuhiko Sakai, and Atsushi Suzuki early life stages of scleractinian corals (Genus Acropora) studies were conducted in Sesoko Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University Of Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. The experiment examined the effects of reduced seawater pH on early life stages of corals. The study found that the survivorship of coral larvae was not obviously affected by acidified seawater, the data also indicated the possibility that the survival of coral larvae may not be strongly affected by pH change. experiment representative of the natural conditions of USVI's coastal waters given the geographic distance of the study sites to USVI, they may not representative of the natural characteristics of USVI's coastal waters. DPNR determined that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 48. Talmage, S.C., and C.J. Gobler The effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations on the metamorphosis, size, and survival of larval hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria), bay scallops (Argopecten irradians), and Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) This study evaluated the effect of the increasing CO2 levels on the growth and survivals of the larvae of three species of commercially and ecologically valuable shellfish. Filtered seawater was obtained from eastern Shinnecock Bay, New York. The larvae were obtained from the East Hampton Shellfish Hatchery. Laboratory experiment The study was not found to be representative of the natural conditions of USVI's coastal waters given the geographic distance of the sample collection sites to USVI. DPNR determined that this article does not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 49. United Nations Environment Programme Environmental consequences of ocean acidification: A threat to food security Compendium of information related the effect of ocean acidification with emphasis on the marine food resources. Informational document The study is not in an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters. 50. Veron, John E. N. Ocean Acidification and Coral Reefs: An Emerging Big Picture (NOT PROVIDED) This article presents information related the process and the effect of ocean acidification. The article summarizes the different sciences used to predict the path of ocean acidification impacts on the diversity of coral reef. Literature review/ Informational document This article presents information that is not at an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters. 2012 USVI Integrated Report Author Name of Article/Study Summary Method of Study Assessment 51. Waldbusser, G.G., E.P. Voigt, Heather Bergschneider, M.A. Green, and R.I.E. Newell Biocalcification in the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) in relation to long-term trends in Chesapeake Bay pH The study investigated the effect of ocean acidification in the marine ecosystem of the Chesapeake Bay. The study analyzed 23 years of water quality monitoring data. It was found that there were variations in pH observed depending on the area, the salinity and the temperature. Furthermore, the study found the seasonal variation in pH. The study also found that higher salinity only increases calcification at reduced pH. Additionally, the result demonstrated that the fresh water inputs can contribute at the acidification. Laboratory experiment Given the geographic distances of the study sites to USVI, they may not representative of the natural characteristics of the USVI's coastal waters. DPNR determined that this article did not provide a basis for listing an assessment unit by noncompliance of pH or other water quality standard. 52. Feely, R. A.; Dorey, Scott, C.; and Cooley, Sarah R. Ocean Acidification: Present Conditions and Future Changes in a High CO2 World; Oceanography Vol. 22, No. 4 (NOT PROVIDED) This article provided a brief introduction to ocean acidification and some historical information on how it became an important research topic quickly. Literature Review The information provided was not an appropriate spatial scale to extrapolate to USVI coastal waters.