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Design and Operation of the UVI Aquaponic System James Rakocy, Donald Bailey Charlie Shultz and Jason Danaher University of the Virgin Islands Agricultural Experiment Station St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands " BP UVI-AES ss a FARM STORE S-FRI, 9-4 se 92-4221 P| ra a iN he | em — ccd A = ri Ay a4 "iy ti . y —*, ‘ =— fa a a ry ee 7 Ef igi ate =f. = —LTRY in Se \ Pe ft andy 4 ee a 7 4 wey pe! on Ts, yf carl Es a) ai , = ee .a88% 7 = a i} [ha a a Fim i bt ie le cake asi ae ni! be. nahn] —¥y ah, Lae a ne wee Sta hs a ih aa _ ==, aa gud = oe 7 ee * on i a Pg as Joa ah pa >. ee ae — = —_ eg ee Se Reem Pos is =, oe a MAF Se ine ai “a Lm ae s) aa te ae, oe ae re Esp si Le er" ee he ute cart et =e, e os Ba? a age os oy ar Nie a a Te = a = he a eh ri : a3 a a Mie llr a | Se hs, iii ir a i aye Sith me ao Sir nas fe wt ia. hea gg Wl Hydroponic tanks Rearing tanks Effluent line Sump Clarifier Filter tanks Return line Base addition Degassing System Layout Total water volume, 110 m3 Land area - 0.05 ha System Design u Four fish rearing tanks, 7.8 m3 each u Two cylindro-conical clarifiers, 3.8 m3 each u Four filter tanks, 0.7 m3 each u One degassing tank, 0.7 m3 u Six hydroponic tanks, 11.3 m3 each u Total plant growing area, 214 m2 u One sump, 0.6 m3 u Base addition tank, 0.2 m3 u Total water volume, 110 m3 u Land area - 0.05 ha ro 1h a hh — Caan ai = iad 3 /] “i ee or ae in 7 4 ae oe aya — | is i — —- et. 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Py ~ - ry hg =e = a ail ies — iil iF = a, r ‘aa a _—— raf “, a = i 7 a ca Vip > pare *# y | ee ee = y & 7 a alee he, eka —e ie ee a a eee — <_< — _ Treatment Characteristics Removal rates using romaine lettuce (g/m2/d): NH3-N, 0.56 NO2-N, 0.62 COD, 30.3 Total nitrogen, 0.83 Total phosphorous, 0.17 Raft Hydroponics u Advantages: no tank size limitation, no root clogging, maximum exposure of roots to water, sheets shade and cool water, plants not affected when water pump stops, easy to harvest u Disadvantages: roots vulnerable to damage by zooplankton, snails and other organisms (use tetras to control zooplankton and red ear sunfish to control snails) “ m oa: FA 4 4 eel a f ee ey “4 * + ‘ - te rf S we wa a ‘ * a = *, a ¥ a . roe, tA a _ bn = * nn he ? ™ = “ >, ay Wy, il = =| i ae) tx ’ . ; . ony = : 7 * - ' - at ¥ “ . + —_— i Ye Fig ~ =e" ~ = i 2 % * = 7 pag" “ : i et ‘ % i - = T- * EEF - ae 4 a - “ a | ‘ ry = air atg . “ i : at, a @ ©. “2 @ @ « = « ze? = * ee *s4,@ 7. @& « aa-.lUlCtC< «@* -— = oe * a *- eo *. *- = «= @& = *. oe * -.= __™ -. @ & *~ ‘= @ *4.¢- °-;- + _ To «* © ly : a™ « * «. * ee «* ea a™ . -_ « =: a ® a * eo ®. «© @~«* a™ « ® -. «= — e" °°: .o2 e%. a2 =. a a e: 7. @ id «a*-* -_ ‘ a * a a ha i # a © a” a ~ Je : -— « aa i+ «e*_¢ » \ 2 ae a a @:- = Ta we =: °-¢._ «= = 2 = —_— FF 4 = q5-. a @ we * a *—. 7% =z «= @& oT Ag s4-e% = * — mali _ Important Principles uOptimum feeding rate, 60 - 100 g/m2 plant area/day prevents nutrient accumulation or deficiency uSlow removal of solids increases mineralization uFrequency of filter tank cleaning controls nitrate levels through denitrification uTreatment capacity of hydroponic tanks is equivalent to 180 g of feed/day/m2 of plant area Production Management u Feeding: three times daily ad libitum 32% protein, floating, complete diet u Stagger fish production, 24 week cycle, harvest every 6 weeks u Stagger plant production u Use biological insect control u Monitor pH daily, maintain pH 7.0 by alternate and equal additions Ca(OH)2 and KOH u Add chelated iron (2 mg/L) every 3 weeks u Add makeup water daily, about 1.5% of system volume u Purge fish for 4-5 days before sale er ——— a -_ pera ree a> ee ONE = “se as = = ‘= — a “=. =? a —_ —* —— a — — — ——— == ——— = - — all be pees on = — wl r= og old i o- es She. ane oe - ee al > Se too eae ee oF * aT 3 . a. +—. 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Tew ss, =i <r | a i. vi: = th oa me —. ats se’ A ae Dae ie ‘atm a > eae ra. 7 eo vA ae | =» ora fa ia ee + af se he a = i a te + A At re aE in = = ay a es al it —— =) Tee de at ITA i ee "Ser - jot eae -%. vl ifs feet sf a4 vel iy all a A, a 1 Ts. ha aa ee ta ne 1 ae cae a -. =. i <-, ae ‘ape Patt * eal ae 7a k ry —— cS a aes = oe we Vi Ag sii Ty hw ' —— pal \ f ay S 1) = | re Y i ua ka, Wg we we, — on a om aoe A Ne J =) =e Yo : Pat ~ . © i iA ri Ss, a Fa he A Pf wi aa a, oa ny e iy Ly ri. +* ~ rg it AN my | nL | ri i, ay Lat = - Advantages of Aquaponics u Fish provide most nutrients required by plants u Plants use nutrients to produce a valuable by-product u Hydroponic component serves as a biofilter u Hydroponic plants extend water use and reduce discharge to the environment u Integrated systems require less water quality monitoring than individual systems u Profit potential increased due to free nutrients for plants, lower water requirement, elimination of separate biofilter, less water quality monitoring and shared costs for operation and infrastructure. Perspective on UVI Aquaponic System uThe system represents appropriate or intermediate technology uIt conserves water and reuses nutrients uThe technology can be applied at a subsistence level or commercial scale uProduction is continuous and sustainable uThe system is simple, reliable and robust uManagement is easy if guidelines are followed hee Te FARM STORE UvE-AES ay TWE aT 240 -_ - v i |! \« Le a = jl q * rec i d Sea, Fu a / ae Lu —— whe ies SS a FI ress » = “7 J th f EE am ; Fe Ps 4 wh i» § > ~~ to) iu S ee ) : iM aN Sse Lay