Bibliography of the fishes of the Pacific coast of the United States to the end of 1879
This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. …
Download the original document · Plain text (TXT) · Browse the archive · How this archive works
Original source: https://archive.org/download/bibliographyfis01gillgoog/bibliographyfis01gillgoog_text.pdf
SHA-256 bcc7e3039a5278fd4c395efe22ddcd9a1303eb7adbf61af5aea9bfa64358add9
Re-using this document
mixed and recorded per item: public domain by age or as a US government work for what was taken; controlled-digital-lending and restrictively licensed items EXCLUDED, each listed with its reason
Our description, tagging, arrangement, extracted text and machine transcripts are released under CC0 1.0. We assert nothing about the document itself.
Archive identifier LF-bcc7e3039a52
Document text (beginning — full text at the TXT link above)
This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you: + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes. + Refrain fi'om automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help. + Maintain attribution The Google "watermark" you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it. + Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can't offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book's appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. About Google Book Search Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http : / /books . google . com/ 5O7.U50MO.il C.1 Blbttography of ffw D Stanford (inanity Ubrartet 11JI1IIII1[|1II1[1 3 6105 046 412 206 f^i^W, ,4^^^^^^ ^^eportmcnt of Hitf ^ntcrioex u BULLETIN I 09 TOK 'En STATES NATIONAL MlsFIM. .— BIRF.IOGKAHIfl OF TOR mHES OF TIH-: VWmv OIAST TH K rMTKf» STATRS Til TIU: VM) OF IHK VKAIt Um. mr BiKODORE GILL. WAHnrxGTON: -gll department of the SSnteriors IJ. 8. NATIONAL MUSEini. 11 BULLETIN OF TIIK UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ISTo. 11. rCBUSHSD UKDEA THE DIRECTION OP TUB SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. WASniNGTOX: OOTKBNHENT PRINTING OKFIOE. 1882. ADVERTISEMENT This work iej the eleveuth of a series of papers iuteiuled t(» illiia- trat4* tlie collections of natural history and ethnolofjy belonging to the [Jnitod States, and constitnting the National Museum, of which the Smithsonian Institution was i)laced in charge by the a<!t of Congress of August 10, 1846. it has been prepared at the request of the Institution, and printed by authority of the honorable Secretary of tlie Interior. S. F. BAIRD, Secretary of the Smithaonian IngHtution. Smithsonian Institution, W<uthingt<»i,, February^ 1882. BIBLIOGRAPHY OK THK FISHES OF THE PAeiFIC COAST OK THK^^ •, ^ UNITED STATES Tl> THE END OF 1879 BY THEODORE OILL. WASHINGTON: ObVEBNMENT PRINTING OFFIOB. 1882. BIBLIOGRAPHY or THE FISHES OF THE PACIFIC UNITED STATES. BnlL K. M. No. 11—1 •eientific literatore relative to the fislies of tbo western coast m IKorih America is of nnusaally recent, as well as rapid, growth. Noth- ing exact waa known till the present century had far advanced, for the ■cpOQDta of tbe earlier writers, such as Veuegas, iuteadof enligbceuiug the teader, convey absolutely false ideas respecting the character of the ichthyie faaoa. Exclusive of incidental notices, the beginnings of ■a ichihyograpby of tbe northwest coast were first published in 1831 (bat iirinted in 1811) in the ^*Zoograpbia Rosso-Asiatica" of Pallas; « few Kpccies from British Colambia were described by Bichardson in 1836^ while the fishes of California remained absolutely unknown till 1 839, when a glimpse, bat an entirely inadequate one, was furnished by Lay ami Bennett in their notes and account of species collected during the Toyafie of tbe EngUsb vessel Blossom. A long silence then supervened, ■ad, wiUi the exceptions thus signalized, and the addition by Storer «f a single species of Syngnathu^ in 1846, west-coast iobtbyography comcaeooed Id 1854 with the announcement, by Professor Agassiz, of 1h^ discovery of tbe remarkable tjimily of Embiotocoids, This was HW lily followed by naiueroiis communications, by Dr. Gibbons, Dr. Otrard, aod Dr. Ayres, on now species of fisbes, mostly from the Call- tenian waters, bat partly from the Oregonian ones. As early as 1858, Marly 200 species had l>ecn made known, and the descriptions of most von GOll««led ia a general report by Dr. Girard. Tbe main features ti \hm ictbUiyology of the Pacitic slope woro then already known; but BKMV receot laborers have not only extended largely oar knowledge •Tepeeies, but added a number of entirely new forms, and thrown much tl^i oo Uio rolationA of the fish-fauna of that region to others. TIm» (blloniog bibliography is a nearly complete ennmeration, in cbraaoloi^oal order, of the memoirs and articles of all kinds that have Uen pabltsbMl on tbe fishes of the region in question. The cbrono- I Offvler baa been determined by tbo date of reading of tbe articles 1 I [coiuiuuuicated to learned societiea. In cases or questioD of priority, ihe right depends, of course, on the period of publication ; but this ^is sometimes with great ditllculty ascertainable, and motives of con- ^Rvenience have dictated the seqnence adopted. ^m Perhaps some will l>e dispiised to believe that the compiler has sinned ^in redundancy rather than deficiency in this bibliography. The evils of the former are, however, easily remedied, while those of the latter I must leave the cousult.er in more or less donbt. Many popular works lave been catalogued where original information of oven slight value was contained, and when such works were among the earliest published on the regions in question. Besides those ennwerated, works on Cali- fornia, too numerous to mention, contain incidental information (very Brarely of any original value, however) respoctiDg the fishes and fisheries "of that State; and a number on the British possessions belong to the same category. Among those relative to British Colnmbia and Van- couver's Island worthy to be mentioned, but not to be particularized, are the volumes of VVm. Carew* IlazUtt (1858), J, Desford Pembertou (1860), Duncan George Forbes Macdonald (1862), Capt. C. E. Barrett ^Lennard (180J), Alexander Rattray (18C2), Com. It. C. Mayne (18Cli), Hd. M. Sproat (1808), Francis Poole (1872), and Capt. W, F. Butler 1(1873). H The titles of the Government publications are taken from a mann- ^script compilatiou embracing notices of all the reports published by the General and State governments on scientific explorations, and intended to be more particular than the present work. They are retained with the bars ( | ), indicating the distribution on the title- * pages of the lines, etc. Several societies have, or have had, the custom of publishing com- tnanications, sometimes of an elaborate and extended nature, without any titles. This strange and senseless mode of procedun; seems to have originated in some freak or affectation of modesty on the part of authors, perhaps, nither than a deliberate intention to shirk latK>r or confuse matters. Confusion and trouble to others are nevertheless the Hresult of this vicious negligence, and a consequence is nn ignoring of ^^he papers thus unentitled or an irreconcilable variation of titles in ^different bibliographies. Whether the cnsiom originates with authors ^pr not, the assumption of it Is discreditable to ttao editor or editors of the publications adopting it. A unmber of the papera here recorded belong to this category of the unentitled or disentitled : the titles tol- lowin^r preceded by an asterisk (*) are selected ftom the remarks pre* fatory to the paper in the proceedings, and those preceded by u ctagger (t) have been composed by the present writer, since nothing intelligible precedes the papers themselves. It is to be hoped that the senseless and causeless sin In qoestion may speedily be discontinued. There is no reason why any one should be compelled to read the whole of an article (as is sometimes necessary) to obtain an idea of what the paper relates to ; and the '< Catalogue of Scientific Papers (1800-1863) compiled and published by the Boyal Society of London" shows how a bibliography edited under the best auspices may be involved in grave errors by the negligence adverted to. TITLES OF WORKS. »T — Notioift do 1ft California, y de «a conqnista temporal y Mpinttial hoata el tieinpo pn«ente. Sacada de la liiatoria inannscriptaj formada en Moifco ano de I7di). \toT el Padro BAigtul Venepas, do la Conipania ric Jesus ; y d« otras Nuticiaa, y Bolaoioaos antiguaa, y niodoniaa. Annditlu do a1gnDi>H uiapM porticnlaros, y uno general de la America Spptentrional, Asia Oriental, y Mar del Bhr intormedto. fDrmados sohro laa Memorina m:ui rociontcs, y oxactoH, qae ae pabllcan jimtamente. Dodicada al Ucy N.**> Soflor por la Proviucia de Nacva-Espafift, do la Compania de Jcsua. Tomo primuro [ — Tuino ter- eero]. — Con licencia. Kn Madrid: En la IinproDta de la Vittda de Manuel Fernandez, y del Supremo CodmJo do la loqniaicion. AHo do M.D.CCLVJL rrniDii»t«d ufnUowii— 1 A Natural and Civil Uistory of California: oontaiuiug an oocurato doecrip- iionof tbat ooanlry, it« aoU, mmmtainn, harboure, lakca, rirens and aeoaS ita Bniraala, vegetablea, minerals, and fanioua fiHhcry for pcarla. The caa- loma of the inhabitants, their religion, government, and manner of living, before their converaion to tbe Christian religion by the miwionary Jcau- it«* Togetlier with aooonnta of tho several voyagea and alteraptn niailo for settliDgf California, and taking actual anrreya of that country, its gnlf, and coast of the South-Sea. Illustrated with copperplatef), and an accornte map of lht> country and ndjac«nt aeaa. TranBlutod from Iho original Span* ish of Miguel Veuegas, a Mexican Jesuit, publiuhed at Madrid 17r>^.— lu two votnmea. — Vol. I[ — II]. ;^ London : printed for James Bivington and Jamea Fletcher, at tho Oxford Theatre, in Foter-Noster-Eow. ITSl*. [d^, vol. i, 10 I-i 455 pp., 1 pi. ; vol, ii.] ITIiaoaly rorvrtncca to flsbi*-s are aBfutlowB {T.l,pp.47-i9):— " Bat if the aoU of Call- fornla be lu grDi-ral ttArrca, ihe Ksmity of proviiioni U Rnpplied hy tbe tdja^^iit ■«• i for both lo tli« PoclOck oe«u) and tbe Galf of Colirorala, the njuliltudo and rarlpty of flatiea am Incmllbla. Father Autaniu iIq la Aficrnctnn, aprakliij; at the liay of San Lucaa |Low«r California), fsya, ' With tbe octs which evf-ry afaip oatrlnd. they caagbt a great qoanllty of AnU uf dlfTrrt'Ot kloila, and alt irholoaome and palatable: particularly holy* boM. Mliuun, tartM'ia, 4kate», plli'harda, largo oyitari, tbnmbacki, mAckorel, barliolA, honfltm, 90Mlm, tulMlorK, and pearl uyaters-' Axul, spt^aklofi of tbe liny of Sao PraaeiMCO, ■B tba w««t«ra OQaat. be adda : ' Here arc «Di'h muUltiidea of flsli, that vltli a net, whirb Am oamnodare bad oo iKNkrd, toon waa caught eviTy day than tbu ship'ii miupany cuuM make dm of: aad of theae a (treat variety, aa craba. ojstera, breams, maokerel. cod, bar- bala, tbombaeka, &c.' ADd Id otbor parta bo niakea tui'tiUon of tbe loQnite number at ■anlVne*, wblcb are Ivft •« the aaod at tbe ebb, and »o «i.(jaialto that tboae of I^redD In Spain, thcu faiutnift for Ibla flab, do not exceed tbem. Nor arc fi«b !««« pleotlfnl nlnnx tba i;iilf {nf CallfornlA], wbM*n tn thn abore tnentimitHl specicji Father Pirtilo iuIOb, tQDDiea. «nebirvl(4. and othfni. Kveo Id tbe hvulela of thii peDloHula are fouDd barbels and cray- flab I b«\t tb« mett diatli)galabe«l Oab of both aeaa are tbe -whaJea; vfaioh iDdnced Ibo ■Bcl«iit eoataocrapbon lu call CHllfornla, Pnnta de Baleoaa, or Cape W^alc t aod ihea« flah iMing fiMuid In mnllltadea oloDg both ooaata, give name to a cbannol in tbe golf, and a lagr ta Ifae Sontb au" (r. 1. pp. 47-4^).] 7 8 177S— Voyage en Catifnniie pour robscrvation da pusnge do Vienna anr 1p disqnc aoleil, le J Jaio 1769; conteDant les obaenrationu <]» go pli»iioiui''ne et la dis- oript.ou biatx»nqne do la route do I'aateur & traTenn le Mcxiqiie. Par fen M. Chappe d'Auteroohe. . . . K6(lig6*et publx^ par M. dcCassini t\U . . . k Parin: chez ChnrleB-Autoine Jombert. MDCCLXXIl. [4^, halMttle, title, 170 Vi] pp.p pUn, and 2 pi.— Sabio.] [TrttimlatftJ at. lollOMft;-] A Viiyogf to Cttlilornia, to «ili»Mirvo tbo Transit of Venus. By Moii»*. Cbappe d'Auteroche. With au bistorical de«cription of the nutbor's route through Mexico, and the natural history uf ib&t proviuue. Also, a voyage to Newfoundland, anil BalliHi, tu make L^xperinientA on Mr. Im Roy's time keepers. By Monsieur deCaesiui. Loodou: printed for Edward and Charles DiUy, lu The Poulto'. MDCCLXXVIU. [8^,4 p. 1., 3I& pp,, with "plan of City of Merico".] Extract of a letter from Mexico addreasod to the Royal Acadccny of Sci- ences at Paris, by Don Joseph Anthony do Alzate y Ramyres, now a corrcspoudent uf llir said ucadeiny, coutainiii^ some curiiuiH purlieu- lam relativu to the uuturul history of the oouuLiy adjacunt to the City of Mexico, pp. 77-105. [It la uoduubtodly lliii vatk Lbst U meABt lo tbo slst«aielit thai basso lorgvly gon^ Lho raiuids uf tbe periodical pr«sa, to ibo effuc t tbat tJie CaUfomloD vtvi|Hirvus n»bes vrvro ah- serred ilnrloK tho voyottu fur the obsurvfttiua of tbo traoslC or VonD« to Lower Csllfurxils, 1709. A pfinisa] of itip accoonls glvcu, bowvvur, rvnilDra It evMoDl that ibc llsbt^ lu qurs- tioo wore BOt KrubiutAKiilB bat rather Cy|iriiio«ioDtliU, pniUably uf tbe jfoouB JtlUUenena, Th« scoonat by l>ou Alzste <pp 89-91) l» as follow* : — " I ftrntl yoa nomv vivlj«ruQB ticaly Qsbaa, of wbiirb 1 had formn-ly i^vra yun ui accnaut. Whal 1 bavuubwirved Id tbulu tbisyt-ar la—' ir yoa prana ibo Iwlly witb juur Quurrs, >on force out tbu fry beforu thotr iluie, and apon lotpectiog tbcm ibroaeh tb« iDlcro«co|)« jroa may dlacvrn tbo circalntUtu of tbe blood, suob twit is to br when tbn flub in xrown np.' If yoa throw tbeae littln BsbM Into water, Iboy will ■vrlni as wrll aa If tbny bad hn<tu long Hoastomod to live in tbac tleseot- Tbo flos and tail of tbe male* are lart!«<r and bloakor thaa those of tbe fomales, so that the •«•! in es»lly distlDgoisbed at, first si^bt. TIimm ll»h have a alnffalar maonor of swimaioK ; the niale and tbe fwnale hvIid logethN' ou tw<t par- allol UocM. Uie feaialo always uppermost aud tbu lualo uudurmoat: they thiu alwa.rs k«<<-p at a (MKistaat aalfom diataoce from e«cb oibor. and preaerre a perfect psralklistu. Tbe female never makes the least rootlon, either sideways or towsrde tbe bottom, but directly tbe male does tlie same." To tbiaaocnunl liiiiddf!dafnat>notii (p. SO) tjantalnlng the follawlui; addldoaal loftmDR- tion: — " l>on Aliai* baa aaot iboa*- flibea preserved in spliila ; tbeir sVIn U covered wttb very ■msll siudcA : Ibty vary In leot^tb fnim an inch to eighteen liuea, aod ibry are sfldom abuvo flTB, six or acvou llaes iu tbr tro.id<<st pari. They bsTo a fin oo racb tilde uoar ibi* |;iUM. two small onet nnder th(« bolty. a ttinplc ono behind the aoas, which lie* between ibe fla aud tbti single one , tbo tall is duL forknl . lastly, this dnh Ims a long flu on tbe back. * littlu above Lbe lUi, wbich !■ undur the bolly. "We know of aomo viviparous Oshrs to oar sesa. each as loach, &r. most of tbsae bava aamooth itklnwliboat anyacalv-s. The needle of &.rlstoi|p> in vlvlparuaa, and ynteovered with bmod and hard acalee, I have cautfbt some that bad yuuut; otirs sUll iu tb>>lr womb. As to tbiM* viTiponras fishes, it la a particular and new sort, aud we are obtlcad tw I>oa Alcate for maklnf os acqaaintod wiifa li. It breeds Id a lake uf frush watrr iwtar tiiii City of ftfccioo." This Is, io fiir a« known, tbo earllrat twitice of the vlvliiarity of Cynrlnndontlda Tit* mode <if ouDst).-UDi: together (exag^rated In ti)o aocoani) Is commoe to a U'liubrr ut rvp- rea«QtatlvM of the £UQlly, and la allndol To by Prof. AensalB la a name \X}ffont<tM. i *. awlnmlng In pslm) conftfrrrd ou one nf (bogepera of tbe ftuDUy.| I HON— Piscinm Camt»chaticorum [Tcrjwk] et IWachnjn]. r»e«rrlpMnnea et Ivonca auctoro [W. O.] TUeoio. D. 'i6 Ootobri IHO^, Conventui cxhib. diti 2 No». 1808. <Mrfro. Aoail. S<i. P<5lersb., \.-2, pp. 335-^5, If<10, vix:— 1. HexaRraramos Stellori, K(>sai« Tcrpnc diotos novum genos piiwiam Camtacbatlcorum. pp. 3a&-340, (aU 15. 9 n. DimensloDM piscls, beato Btellero Hexagraniinos aaper dicti, Rossiii Teerpnk [Terpuk} i. e. lima (captas d. 20 MaiJ 1741 in porta Divi Putri et Panli pondobat ponders medicinali daae asqne ad sex ancias), pp. 340-341. III. Hexagratnmos Btelleri, qoffinam genera sit interponendas cuinam clasai ordiniqae systematieo sit inBerendns. Labrax Pallassii (vid. ej. Monograph.), pp- 342-343. IV. Deecriptio Stelleri anno 1741 concepts, pp. 343-347. y. ObservationGs anatomicie. pp. 347-349. VI. Wachoja Camtscbatica est Gadua dorso tripterygio, Callariia spe- ciatim Lnseo affinis. pp. 350-353, tob. 10, 17. VII. Wachnise CarotsofaaticaD altera species, (Qadns gracilis mihi,) qusn ab iodigenisCamtsobaticis acquetT^achal, Rossis Wachoja [Jracftn;a]dicitnr, dimensioDibns iUnstrata. pp. 354-356, tab. 18. YIII. Stelleri Desoriptio piscis ovo^ sive asini antiqnornni. Tnmeri ad Geanemm awUi 3 sivi ^glefini Rondelet et Oesneri. ^gleflui Bellouii, Anglomm Hadok, Rasais Wachnja [ Wachnja"} dioti corrupta voce Itael- manntca, in qua ttakal andit. pp. :)56-359. IX. Obaenrationes anatomice. pp. 360-363. X. Obaenrationes ex aliornm indtTldaoram ^asdem speoiei dissect! on ibus, pp. 363-364. XI. Ad bistoriam Gadi dorso tripterygio ore cirrato oando aaqoali fere cuai radio primo spinoso (Kabeljaa vel Cabiljan Belgarnm) (Gadas naorrbna L. Bloob. tab. 64), adbuc annotata seqnentia. pp. 364-370. XII. Annotationee anatomicffi. pp. 370-371. XIII. Tabnlaroni explicatio. pp. 372-375. 19## — LabraoeSf novum genns pisciam, oceani orientalis, aaotore P. S. Pallas. ConveDtni exbib. die 5 Jnlii 1809. <M6m. Acad. 8ci. St. P($tttrHb.,r. 2, pp. 382-398, 1810. [K. ap. If. dseagrammua, L. aupereiUonu, L. monopterygiut.] Description de qnelqnes poissons obser^'^s pendant son voyage antoiir du monde. Par W. G. TSIaslaa. < M6m. Soc. Imp. dea KntnraliateM du Morcou. t. 3, pp. 212-249, with 5 pi., 1809. 1811 — loonam et Descriptionam piscium Camtachaticorum contintiatio tertiii lenta* men monograpbisB geneha Agoni Blocbiani sistens. Auctore [W. G.] Tile- ■io. Com tabalia vi ffineis. — Conventui exhibita diu 11 DucembriH Ir^ll. < H^m. Acad. Sci. P^tersb., v. 4, pp. 406-478, 1812, viz :— De novis pisciam generibas, Agono Blochii et Phalangiate eel. Pullaeii, propter synonymiam conjagendis. pp. 406-454. Appendix de Cyprino rostratoet cuUrato,Trachino trichoilouto ct Epenc- phelo ciliato. pp. 454-457. Desoriptio Cyprini roatrati Taogusia ad Covymam fluv. Tschukntscham et Jacagiris Onatscba dicti. pp. 457-474, tab. xv, fig. 1-5. Epinephelns ciliatas Camtachaticus et Americanua. pp. 474-478, lab. xvi, fig. 1-6. Zoographia Rosso* Asiatica, sistens Omninm Animaliam in extenao iraperio Boarioo et o^jaceutibas maribna obaervatornro Rccensionem, Domicilio, Morea et Deacriptionea, anatomen atqne Icones plnrimorum. Auctore Petro Pallas, E(|.Anr.Aciwlemico-Petropolitano. — Voliimenii-ftiiim.— Potro- [toli in Offlcitia CacM. Aoademtie Scientiaram Impress. M.DCC.CXl. EiliC. MDCCCXXXl. [4^ Til, 4St^ oxxv pp.. 6 pi.] [Ai iudicalotl nil tlie UtIvpBsc tba " Zcio{{raphla Roato-^lntlca" wiu uot ivfiol pubiithed ull ln^l, but wiu prititAd in IBll, uul wu only (l«*uiti««l bj tb« lo<i«of thai perplittM. Ttio Irttprprcss wm. bowt-Tor, Ui * Bllgbt extent, dlitribnbil btifurn th« \ ular (jubliciitiuD of tbo ti<luloo, aod a cujiy nmii pOB«eMM?(l by Curlor, wbo hw glrvn a ■ammary of tbu tlilril voluinv Id tbc UletAirc Natarelle dot PoImoda It. 1, pp. 90l>-301}. ])MorllMi ^leeiM of which itpc>rlisen b»d be«o obUtnod from the Roosbui poMrwlocu l& KarthwMMni America. Tbu /oUoviog ars pabUahad aa if imv, altbooKb MToral hati_ ynrlofuHj boeo described :— PhabngtaUM aeipfn^rrinnf f p 1 10, pi 17). CoUu9 poltfoeantJtee^luilttM (p. 1X1, pi. VS). OKtiM ptat^eiphaivt (p. 135, pi. 34). (\ifhu (/■a4rAuna fp. lUt*. pt. SS). Ci»Uiu pitiiUiyrr (p. U3. pL 'JO. f. 3« «). fiimnMu do^acAo^Mffr (p. 17^. pL 43, f. 3>. ' AZmniw onpt^Oaric (p. 176. pi. 49; £ 3). AuliM «w*M (p. 189, pL 44), Oadwi pygmaut [p. IVO). OoihujImftriA (p. 300). ^mmodylet AexajMtnu (p. Mfl). .^MMorfyttM ii«pfipiiiru« (p. 33?, pL 48. 1 3^. IVacMnw tricAvdon (p. SE33. pi. .10. 1 1). I^mMmu riirAMur (p. 937, pL 9), f. U). Ptrea zonahHiM (p. 941). Lobriu 6teanramtnim (p. OTB, pL 8^ f. S). X(U>riiz raf>#rci^w'#iu (p. ]17l>, pi. A3, f. 1). LaitTUX momvptrrj/ffiuM (p. 9B1, pi. 63, f. 4). i/a&raz octOjrnimffiM (p. %il, pi 64, 1 1). Salmo tagoeeplutiu4 <p. 373, pL 77, 1 3). JWmaprateM (pi 37fi, pi. 7S. f 8, pi. 70^ IUeurvnteU$ ^uadritubtreuUitut (p. 433). /'b-uroHMtt* ricafrioenu (p. 4M). Tba pUte* mforr«d to won nevvr pabtlihad. Tbo uQly other npecies alicaallzed u ioiubitants of tba A varioan irat«n sra tbo fat* loirlo|{ ;— Raja bati* <p. 57). jtobiui Moeiuti* <p. 369. pL 8t f 3). PlrarMuttMrbUaHu <p. 4ia). i>iniroiiaefM A^fipsfftoMUf (p. 491}.] ISl'l— Hintory | of | tbo upetJitioD | under the roiDDnand of | Cnptains Lovia and Clark, t tn | tbo aoorces of tb*3 Muisoiiri, | thoaoo | across the Rooky Monnt- aina I and down tli« 1 River Columbia to the Pocinfl Oeoau. | Performed dartnf; tbo y«ars 1804-5-6. | By order of the | novernrnmu of tbn ITuitttd Btatca. I Prepared for tho press | by Paul Allen, Eftqniro. | In two volnnios. I Vol.1 [—II]. I Philadelphia : I Pobliabedby Uradfnrdaod lukekeop; and | Abm. H. lu(»kucp,Nowyork. | J. Maxwell, Printer. | 1814. [S^^rVoLirUxYiil, 470 pp.. maps; vol. ii, iz,&32 pp.. iniiiA.] [Vol. tl, ahap. tU, pantalaa "A (;«nf'ral dewiiptlon of tba b«a«t«, bJrtln, aod planu, &t3., founil by Ibr party In Lhl^ nspn'lltlrm" (pp. l1;^i!Dl). Inrldrotal allunionpi nnd rinut- da«or1ption* of a popular kind aro f Ivto of m>m« llibe*, but iiotblus of ao ex«ct nature It madeknowu. " An acouuDt of tbe varioaa pnbUoatioM relatlax to tlia trarala of Levi* and OUrkt^ with a coimnnitary on tbe toolojtical nealla of thcdr npcdltlnn". ban bnui pobllfihed by Dr. EIHolt IJooM. U. R A. (Bull. U.' S. ihfal ami <JfH>e, Hurr. I'err.. r I. pp 417-4^4. Fob. b. H)7G|.] 1890— KHntiuii d'nn voyage & In cAtn dii itmdniit'At do I'Ani^ri>|no fti'piviitruMiolo duua \v» ani)<(w tSl(^18U. Par Oabrlal Francb^re. [U^digd par Miohal liibaad.] Hunlr6&l, IHSO. [8», 8»4 pp.— 8abin.] n (l^KOiktM u Follow* ! - ] KArrAtivo nf a vt>yAgr to tlie nortliwe«t coast of America in tho years 1^11^ IHia, 1^13, au<l IHU, I or the 6r8t American BCttlement on the Pacific | By 0«bz1el Pranobeire | TrRosUtod and edited by J. V. Uoutington | — | Ked- ficld I 1 10 uud 1 li2 Naaua street. New York | ld&4. [12^', 37ti pp., 3 pi.] [Tbo MlmoQ la Doikted In cli»pt«r IB.) -VorBfce pittoreiiqno autour du mnode, aveo dcd portrnitB detiavagMd'AB6- rt4)ae, d'Attie, d'Afriquct ot des IIm du grand oc^an ; den payesf^cM^ dea ▼aw maritime, ot pluHbuni objotn d'hiMoirn naturollc: accompagn/t de deacrip- tioaa par M. le Baron Cavicr, et M. A. dc Chumiftso, ct d'oboervationa Hnr lea crAoeabninaina par i>\. lo DoctoorGan. Tur M. Louia Choria. Pfinlrp. — Pft^i^dB^ilIlprimeriedeFirl^i^Didol, . . . 1822. [Fn!.,2p. I., vi pp.-j-[l], 12 pi., 17 pp.+[ii]. 10 pl.,20 pp.+tiH]. 14 pi., 10.3 pp.+tiv], IHpl..24pp.+ tv], 19 pi., 23 pp. + Cvi]. ^ VU 2ct pp. + C vii], 7 pi., 11* pp.] [Fartie vj.j Chapeau ilu liois, sur Icqiiel wtut peini«H divera onimanx ina- rina. Planohe v. Piir O. Cnvier. pp. lil-'i'i. iCnvter coBilderfl tbat one of the flgnrea (Ai r«prG«eiit« « IHcdon, apd lucb •ocnu to b« tiM* •.'OM: but iiu Hp«ciM of tbat xy\n> hiu tMWo foond ao t*r oorthward aa UnalBafaka, whan tbe bat wu abCalneil. (" Eo A, Mt nn Diodan on orbe ^pincas, qal eat pris 4 la UgM taadla qas Ib8 granda c6tac4a iht raatA da co tableaa aont ponratdrla aroo d«a laaoea" (P.OJ.] I of I an expedition | rroin | Pittabargh to tho Rocky Mountains, | p«rfbrm«d in the years 1S19 and 'SO, | by ord«r of | tbe Hon. J. C Cnlbonn, Boc'y of War: ] nudi-r tho command of | Major Stephen H. Long. ) From the notes of Major Long. Mr. T. Suy.und other ({en- | tU^ntcu of tbe exploring party. ) — | Compiled | liy Edwin Jamea, { botaniat and geologist for tbe oipcdition. | — j In two vols.— With aa atlaa. | Vol.11. | — | Pbiladolpbiaj | H-CCarey and J. Lea.Chennut bI. | 1823. [2 v.,8o. Vol.i,2 p.l.,5()3 pp.; ToLil.3p.l..443pp.] 19 — Hintnire Xatarelle deaPoiitsona, par M. le B°<* Covior, . . . ; et par M. Valeu- ciemiAa, .... Tome premier. A Paris, obex V. G. Levrault, • . . , law. [ff> ed. xvi, 574 pp., 11.; 4*^ ed. liv, 422 pp., 1 1.— pK 1-8 (doable).] Lirre premier.— Tableau Idatoriqae des progr^ de richtbyologio, depois mn origina jtisqu*i\ uuh juani. Livre deuxi^roe. — Id^e g£D<Sra]o de la natore ot de rorganisation dee poi^ eons. [Pallaa' "Zoograpbla Boasft- Aalaftfo* '* oottoed at pp.SOjy-301.] Bivtotfv NatareUo dea PoiatMms, par M. lu B''" Cuvier, . . . ; et par M. Vaten- oittones, .... Tome dcuxiome. A Paris, cbes F. O. Lcvrault, . . . I83d. (80 ed. ixi. (l 1.), 490 pp. ; 4^ ed. ivii, (1 1.), :J71 pp.— pi. *M0.] Llvre troisi^me. — Dea poisaooa de la famille des Perches, on des PercoT- dea. [ParCoTior.] (Xc wai-coHt vpwloi apeeifled.] •Histoire NalnTollo dea Potssons, par M. le B" CuTler, . . . ; et par M. Valen- cieiKoea. .... Tome troisiemo. A Paris, chez F. O. Lcvranlt, . . . |. iaS9. l&^ ed, xXTiii, 500 pp., I 1. ; 4° ed. ixii. (1 1.), 3f>a pp.— pK 41-71.] liivre troiRivme. — Dee poisaoDS de la famille dea PerobetffOU dea PoroolLdaa.. [P»r Cnvier.] (X.ap. Daae. TrMiaim SUtUri, bmoi oa ItaeMnua (tfafcstoi Pallaa.l 12 l—HUtoireNaturelledeaPoiBaoDs, parM. leB**" Cuvler, . . > ; et par M. Valen- oienneB, .... Tome qaatri&me. A Paris, cbez F. Q. Levranlt, . . . ^ 1B29. [80ed xxvi,(l I.),518 pp.; 4°6d. xx,(l L),379pp.— pl.72-99,S>7 bis.^ Livro qaatri^me. — Dee AcantbopUSrygieDH & joae cnirass^. [Par Cavier.] [N. ap. OoUUB veatnlU, Semil^ridotut TOeHL] ZooIoKiaober AtlaSf entbaltend Abbildangen uad Beacbreibungen neaerTbier- arfcoi, wUbrend des Flottcapitaina voa Kotzebae zweiter Reise am die Welt, aaf der BnssiBcb-Kaiaerlicben Kriegsscblnpp Predpriatie in den Jahreu 1823-1826 beobacbtet vod Dr. Friedr. Bsctiacholtx, Profesaor and Director dea zoologischen Hasenms an der UniTersitat za Buipat, MitgUed mehrerer gelebrten GresellaobaAeD, Buss. Eais. Hofratbe and Bitter des Ordens des beil. Wladimir Drittes Heft. — Berlin, 1629. Qedrackt and verlegt bei G. Reimer. [FoL, title, 18 pp., pi. 11-15.] [N. Bp. j^eptia* MfUrloona (p. 4, pL 13), od wbioh was aabaeqnenUy baaed tbe geona Ttmutiatia of Richardaon.] I — Histoire Natnrelle des Poiaeoaa, par M. le B<^ Cnvler, . . . ; et par M. Valen- ciennes, .... Tome cinqaiftme. X Paris, ohez F. G. Lerraolt, . . . , 1830. [8° ed. xxviii, 499 pp., 2 I. ; 4© ed. xx, 374 pp., 2 1.— pi. 100-140.] Livre ciaqai^me. — Des Sci^ooldes. [Par Cavier.] [tfo weat-eoaat speoiea nottoed.] Histoire Natnrelle des PoIsbods, par M. le B<™ Cavier, . . . ; et par M. Valen- ciennes, .... Tome sixibme. X Paris, cbez F. G. LeTraalt, . . . , 1830. [8° ed. xxlv, 559 pp., 3 1. ; 4° ed. xviii, (3 L), 470 pp.— pi. 141-169. 162 bis, 162 ter, 162 qaater, 167 bis, 166 bis.] Livre sixi&me. — (Partie I. — Dee Sparoides. Partie II.— Des M^nides.) [Par Cavier et Valenciennes.] [No weat>ooaat species notioed.] — Histoire Natarelle des Poiseons, par M. le B"" Cavier, . . . ; et par H. Valen- ciennes, .... Tome septifeme. A Paris, cbez F. G. Levranlt, . . . , 1831. [8o ed. xxix, 531 pp., 31.; 4° ed. xiii, (3 1.), 399 pp.— pi. 170-208.] Livre septifeme.— Des SqaamipeDne.*-. [Par Cavier f] Livre baiti&me. — Des poissons k pbaryngiens labyrinthiformes. [Par Covier T] [No vest40ftst apeoies notloed.] Histoire Natarelle des Poissons, par M. le B^ Cavier, . . . ; et par M. Valen- ciennes, .... Tome hniti&me. k Paris, cbi>z F. G. Levraalt, . . '. , 1831. [6° ed. xix, (2 1.), 509 pp. ; 4" ed. xv, (2 L), 375 pp.— pL 209-245.] Livre nenvibme. — Dee ScomMroides. [Par Cnvier ot Yalenoiennee.] [No weetKXMMt apeoies notioed.] Zoograpbia Boeso-Asiatica. See 18U. I — Histoire Natnrelle dee Poissons, par Bf. le Bf^ Cavier, . . . ; et par Bl Valen- otennes, .... Tome nenvi^me. X Pans, cbez F. G. Levraalt, . . . > 1633. [8° ed. xxix, 512 pp., 1 1. ; 4° ed. xiiv, (1 1.), 379 pp.— pi. 240-279.] Livre neavi^me. — Des Soomb6roldes. [Par Cavier et Valenciennes.] [No msi'eoMt speoias notloed.1 13 Rfateir* N»taren« d«s FoiuonM, par M. 1f« n«> Cnvler. . . . ; ot par M'Valen- OtaWM* Toin« dixi^me. A F'arin, chez F. O. Levraiill, ■ . > , 1835. tt« ea. xxiv, 482 pp., 1 1.; 4<^ cd. lis. (1 1.), 358 pp.— pi. 280-306.] Soite dn livro Qeavidmo — Dcs Scoin b^roldes. [Far Cuvier «t Volen- oienneaf^ Livredixibme. — De U famillB des Teathie«. rParCnvieretyalenoieanenT] Ltvre oDvi^me.— De la famille des Ta*uto!des. [Par Cavier «t Volen- elenneaf] ' Llrre dofuiiMDe.~-Des Atberines. [Par Cnvieret ValeaeiQimral] [Xo WMi-eout spBclea noticed.] ISS4 — Fauoa itoreali-Amerioana; or tbo Zoology of the Northern Partii of Brilifib Amrnca: oontuiaitig dejuuriptious uf tbu ulijiMJtH uf Natural UtHlorj' oullected (Ml ib« lale nortbera land expwlitioDH under cotumand nf CapLiin Sir John FraakliD, U. N. Part tbird. Tbo Fiab. By Jolm Richardsoa, M. D., F. fi. 8.. F. L. S., Member of tbu Geographical Society of London, and WcrDeriou Nataral HiMtory Society of Ediubur^^h ; Ilnnnniry Member of the ^atiiiiil lllntory 8»M-iely of Montreal, and Literary and PbiloKopbloal Society ofQno- tM»c; Foreign Menitwr of the GtH>grapbical Society of Paris; and Corre6iK)iid- li^iiieixib«'r of the Ac:idcniy of Nataral Sciences of Pbiladelpbiit ; Hnrgeon ttlfl Nalaralist to the Expeditious. — IllaF>trated by nuiaerouH jiliiteft. — Pub- ttalied aodor tbii anlbority of the Right Honourable tbe Si^on-tary uf State fer Colonial Affair*. — London : Ricbord Bentloy, New burlington street. MDOCCXlCXyL [4°. pp. xv, 2n (+1) pp.. 24 pi. (numbered 74-97).] pi. t, u4 a. vp, IVmnw ria fa. g^ 30). Ovprtntu iLmtitau) gneOU (190). 8aUn» SeovJt t UKMU. BUmo ffuiNtuit riVJi, SaUno (Mriiurl (291), Satmo pauetdtnt (SiS). Smtmo imp pa^k (Wi, aatmo Vtmrhi iar>. 307). 8aimo iMaUutiur) paeijltms (MB), Antptaiir tmntiHOn- tmmm flr7»). AllrVMVfM tridrntatua CJfO) i [ADI>E.VbA;l Oottut Mfmr (a9a,313), Cvprinus UftrwaUl taltatlM (301), Owrinui ilAWiKUMi taurir.rtt <3<M), Cyprinv4 iLntcUeuMt orego ficport oo Nortb American Zoolofry. By Jobn Hlohardaon. M. D.. F. R. 8. < Sep. 6lhiue«tiDg Brit. AiMoc.Adr.^i., Aug. 11^36, =v. 5. pp. 131-224,1837. riaeea. pp. e02-223. AaCorla, or anecdotes uf an cntcrpriw beyond tbe Kooky Munntaius. By 'Waahtngton Irving. [Int ed.] In two vohimea. Vol. I [ — 11}. Phil- aflrlpbia: Carey. Lea &. Blaiiebard. 183€. [2 Tula., 8°' Vol. i,2e)5 pp ; vol. ii,279 pp., 1 inup folded.] (Tte AaIim ud fUberlM. e»p«cl«lly ulnjon. are otiticsd In toI. ^, chapter* 9 ami 14.] Nfltarclle de^ Poisaons. par M. le B*" Cavler, . . . . ; ©t par M. Valec- . . - Tomo ouzi^iDO. A Paris, cbez F. G. l^vraull, . . . , Jba*. [e^ fU. IX. r>00 pp.. I 1.; 4-^ cd. XV, (l 1.), 373 pp.— pi. 307-343.] LivR* troiai'izuf . — Dvm Hngiloidea. Uvra qoatorKidioe.— De la famille des Gobioldea* Pla wmti'tammi ■pvelt'a otttieed.J Katondledafi ruiH!«on% par M. l<i B'"> Cuvler. . . .; et par M. Valen- . , T*>me d'in7.ii>(ue. A Puris, cboz F. 0. Levmalt, . . . , IP37. (<!^ fd. xxir. 50? -f I pp. : 4^ ed. xx. 377 pp., I I.— pi. 344-369.] 0«jl« da Livre (|ii«l»r&i6mc.— Oobinides. lAm qnloxiituitt.— Z>e« Acaulboptdry^loiie & pectorales pedicnl<5e«. tteCnln* TCatnm^la do !^)lwll>HS, par M. le B^o Cuvier. . . . ; ot par M. Valeo- ot«lli««. . . . Trtimt trciiHi.Naio. A Paris, chez Pltoi* Lcvranlt el O, . . . , ItSS. I»" wl. xii. r»o:. pp., II.: 40 ed. xTil. 370 pp.— pi. 3(»-.«8.] Lirni srizi^iue^Labrotdcji. (Xa vttM-euut mptcim BvClo«d.] 1839-Wiaioiro NatareUe doa PoiasoDfl, par M. le B^ Caviar, . . .; ot par Bl. Valao- oleones, . . . Tomoquatorzioma. \. Paris, cliuz FitoU-LurrauUetC*. . IKii). [»^ ed. xxii. 4«4 p[i..a I.; 4'^ i»d. xjt, 344 pp.,3 1.— pi. 339-430.] Suite du Uvr« aoizifemo. — Lahroidea. Ltvre dix-flepti^me. — Doa Malacopt^Srjgiens. I>oa Siloroldes. (Kft wnt-ooHt HpwlM Dolkwd.) Tbe Zoology of Captain Beecbey's Voyage; compiled ft>oui tbu ooUcctloofl and itotM iiioile by Captaia B«6cheyt the offloer« ood nalurulist of tb» Expu- ditioUj duriu^ a Voyage to ibo Paciilo aod Bobriug'i) straito perfurnied io bia Mt^eaty'tt Sbip BIoMom, uudor tbo ciimmaud of Captaiu F. W. Boecbey, R. K., F. R. S., &.C,, &c. in tbe yoara IS^Tj, 26, S7, and 2H. By J. RichardaoD, M. D.. F, R. 8.. Ac. ; N. A. Vfgore, Esq., A. M.. F. R 8., &c, ; O. T. Lay. Eaq. ; E.T. Bonnett. Etn\., F. L. 8., &c.; ihu Kev. W. Bucklaud, D. D., F. R. 8., K, L. 8., F. 0. S., &o. and O. B, Sowerby, Esq. — niiwtrattHl witb iri>warcl» of fifty finely ooloixred plateH, by Sowerby. — Piibliithad under the authority of tbe Lonlii Coiumia»ioner8 of the Admiralty. — Loadoa : Heory O- UoUd, 4, York Street, Covcnt Oardou.— MDCCCXXXIX. FisbtM ; by O. T. Lay. Km\., and B. T. Bennett, E«q., F. L. S.» &o. pp. 4l-75.pl. l&-a3. [N.ip. CAtnMrraMNM (ix71.pLli3). Tbi* volamo t» liit«re«t[aK «* being tbo first pablloatloa In whlcli may attempt bM btten msilu IM aoiBuUfloally lodicale tb» fluliemif tlienoasL The " uOBimtifti" of tha exyetlitluii WM. ItowcTor, luoomiMtoDt for tbo IuaIc, uid tbe Dutes ttkkcn ovlnoo tbftt he wm aot mfllcieiitly mraeil In tbe rudltupou of lobtbyology io know wbat te obaerve. Xorortbe- loMi, tbe eolce hare %a iDt»re«t, if not of ImportJinoe, utnaKh to iranaeribe what reletaa Io tbe regloei la queaUuu .— "OffSalat Lawniaoo Inlaod wm caogfaUln tbe dredfe a Bab apparpoUy allied Io tbe KonuN Liparis, Art. It had tbo 'Teutral flui placed before tba pec'torBli. bat united and cootiDiions witb tbuuii a Ilat. ral*<Ml, and rooglj tnborolo, of nearly tlie dlMiieler of an RD;:)l4h Mlxpeneo, waa Kr4t(>il fnrwanl b(>tw(wn tbn pcolora]!i, fu antr-Hor part raacbiag aa far an tbe reutrain; tbiu mar beof uao in eopalatiun : its ccsea wvt« pretty neiBerpiia.'—C. Tbu roa^bueaM of tbla tiibvrcle rcudurs It dlfllcolt u> refor tbo ll*b lo uu^' koowv apeofMi bat it ia probably oetirly rulatod to the Offeioptanu gttattnonut. PalL.a LipttrU wblcU k known to iubabtt tbe «oa« iu wbiub ihla wai obutaad. Tbe exlatatioe of eowa retnovea It fratn Ijepadogatltr. Ooaao. "Kutxrbntt Soaod afforded n apeelmaa of a new apeelnaof O^uftitat, L., UteOpK. *tiffma, *' On tiM oonat of California, a little to Iho nnrchworda of the b«rbouF of Sao Krautflaco, an OrtSagorUeus woa met with, apparently the Ortk. mala., 111. They ewatn about tbe •hip witb tbe doraal fin freqaontly vli*rat«<1 aboro the aurfaee." (p. 50.> "On tbe Dimjit of California, al Moutoray. 3dr. Cotlln'a nntea tncniUin tbKOMUirreiiee of [1] aaperieaol Spitnu. fit two iSeombni, and of a CUtpta. \i\ Tbv llrBlof Ibo aeotiUirida ia apparently a &vMb«r, Cnv.t it woa '■mailer tbau tbe mark^nl; it wa« marko«l nn ike back wftb croad waved narrow bands of blaeL: and KrccnlHb XtXtu*. Ha (ti-nt ilomal An hnd nine Mpinea, and lhi<ri» wem four siuall plonolM beblad l.bo mocuud dorojU und thr siiml : U bad aaimple air-bladder of raodorawi alKO, and «d ItuuiunftM DUiblRTuf ciMiI. Willi a aU'tnacb flxtRntliug tlie wbolu len^tb nf tbu abdnman. narrow, tapffrring to the pa«t4<Hnr pnrt, and covcrtMl lbmut;boal nearly tta wbole leuRtb with tbo milL f Its luU^rnal inciubnuio lorma lootfUailloal folda; the luteatlona ba\-e thref ponTolutloo*.'— C. TliU tlati nccurn>d In ahoala. [Jj Tbo acMwod iip(M;ie« naa mtrt wftb bat oncn. II li a Oaranr, Car., of wbtob ' tbe t«etk Id tbo upper tnatlllary ace ecaronly t<> Iw fult : tbe p««c(i)nilii ruarlt aiwiriy t» Of** |HMltn the aniu : a double narrow ktri|»n of denprr blot^ than tbe ffouvral Rurfurr mu« back- wardaon f>acb i*lilt< ■>f tUe AikI di>nuil llu to opinmite Ita tunuUialtoti, ibn t ' i iitg aeparated by a broad lUio uf dirty wblt«i, wbirh haa a narrow, dNik-4?<>tout< ,i« middle: there are ao diaUnet divlBinnvta tba anal and aaeond darm! -. — ler laiiho|>U',andaiDaU,aDdeal4«udj» fnim the^uidte tetbaailM: tbeahi , \-i tbau In tba pnteadtns apnolo* , thn rtaeo. alth>Hii|h nnaariHie, are \t»* • ■ be inlMlluo Is fuliliHl iu lliii aauiR niannur.' — C. FitMu tbnfiatui>< uf tbiM'ttlininiiy of tlil«n«b, ■a daaoribail by Ur. CoUtc^ ibere oaa ba llttla doubt of lU ooaalUutlug a dlatmoi apaolaa. I I 15 ffl Alnut with the Anl ipMilM of ^ombfr, tbnm oceorrMi Id shoitla k ■mall ipMlM of L, 'irHUiout bmtb; w-iili tbi* iloraiJ fin uUttlA berort< ihe ventral; ftOtlwllh tU« back 4Mk ffTMHUb bloc, MiJ bovloit one Mae ftnd part of acotbvr of roiintltHl black tpoU no Mch «|(J« nr«rl]r on a l»Tal with Iberyr: tbn Rill mnniliranfi* rontuin aU ray*, anO oTf<rUp I other at tbMr lowpr pu- 1 : the atnioaob re««mbl(« chut uf tlio QriiiNeufnikr , ttbasivlso — ■ftwxwaa; the ■Ir-hLad.iur U nraall and tapc^rlng.' — C. Tb" otbc-r Iialir>< uLia^rvnl ak Maatstmy wero pj 4 iicw «p«-tcauf CAfnuvrti, Cor., difforlng eiaiint laity from ibft CA(m(»r< ■f ttm AUanUo, anil approacblng •omewbat ia tbo puiltlon t>l' lu woonil tlor»aI fln to th« €Wi*rAyntfAuitCav., [AJ a apode* of 7bry«rfo^ Dam.t and (T] a £ata " (pp.M-d5|.) -KaiTslive of « Journoy aofou the Eocl^ Moantaina, to th« Columbia Bivcr. Aod A Vidit to the SaDdwloU I»laod8, Chili, &.c. AVitb a Soieutiflo Appendix. By Jotm K. Towosvad, Memlter of the Academy of Nntnnil SciL-ncun of Fbiliulclpbia. Philadelphia: Uuory Perkios, 134 Chuetnut elrcot. Boston: Perkiu* & HifcTviu.— 1830. iHf, 35*2 pp.] lA (n« La«ldanul popular oodoea of aalmon and troot*raslTen.J (U)*pnnted Ui ED|;laQtl uader iho followlDg UUa:— J Sportiux Excujreionfi to the Hocky MountaiiM, inclndini; n Jonnioy to the Coltimbts Biver, and « Viait Co the Sandwich laluidu, Chili, &o. By J. K. Tt»««boud iiwf\ Ksq. In two Tolunie». Vol. I [— 11 j. Londou : Heury Colbarn. PobliHiber, Great MarlborooRh Street. 1840. [8*^. Vol. i, xii [+i], 3t3 pp., 1 pi.; vol 11, xii, 310 pp., 1 pL] { la vol. i. «hap- 7. are K^ran dotalli rtwpMitiDB aalmoa haA tbe raotle of oatcblog tbem, •oil Ubo tanUapleoe iUuairmtca a natiTs woiman "vpearing iba aalmon ".] -THdUUre Natoralle dee Poiseona, par M. le B*» Cavier, . . . ; ct i»ar M, Valen- AimnnmM, . . . Tame quinzi^Qio. A Paris, chez Ch. Pitoia, i^dlttini. . . . , 1840. [8^ ed. ixii, 540 pp.. 1 1. ; 4^ ed. xxiv, 3117 pp.— pi 421-455.] Suite do livrc dix-eepti^mc— Siluroidrs. (Xo mttt fuait spxUM aeticnl.l VairatiTe of a wtialiog voyaf;e rouud the tflubv, frvm the year I8:tli to 18;1A, eompriaiug sketcbea of Polyiimia, California, the Indian Arcbipclu^n, etc. with an aoooaut of Sontbcra Wbalea, the flptn-in Wtntln Pi«ihi-r,v, nint tho Natur»l Iliatory of tb« climates viaired. By Frederick Debell Bennett, E«q.. K U. 0. 8., Follow of the Royal ColK<j;e of tiargv<>UH, Londnn. lu (wu vulumea. VoL I [ — II]. Lttndon : Richard. Bentlcy, New ftiirliti};' too street, publi«ber in ordinary to her Majesty. — IA40. [i^, vol. i, xv, -lOrZ pp., 1 pi., I map; toI. ii, vii, 300 pp., I pi.] JMS — Hietotre Naturelle dea FoiMona, par M. le B^ Cuvler, . . . , et par M. Valen- ciennes, . . - . Tome eetzi^me. A Paris, cbez P. Bcrtrand, > • - t l*^- l-*^ ed. XX, 472 pp.. I I.; 4° ed. xviii, 3<i3 pp., 1 I.— pi. 45tM87,] Livro dix-baUiftme. — Cyprinoidea. Zoology of Now- York, or the New- York Faana; compriaing det.iiled dracrip- tlonaof all tb*^ animaU hitherto obBer%'od within the Btate of New-York. with brief nottccaof tlKMo oocaeionally found iii-ur ila iNirdem, and accom- paoied liy appropriate illaatratlonH. — By Jamea E. DeKay. — Part IV. — Ptob««. Albany: Printed by W. &. A. White and I. Vivcber. 184^ [4^, zjvtu MTata], 41Dpp.; ailati, I p. 1., 79pL] (Tka lalterpreaa of tiie It«ptllaa and Flthaa, eaob aeparately paged, forms one rolame, nil ilw ylaiMs, M«b Mpamlely anaband. aootbor- Efcbt cf tb« notibwcsi-coaai Malai»> fUrjtima speclia (Atrmmti hatlaiihu, LeueiacUM cniininiui, LmdMntM vrwgonfHuU. •Sa/me f<— <f. Aalma fJttUdwrU, AllllM SlwUri, Solnui UttppU^h, and Satmo nitidvsi b>i«1 tbe Sumauii (Atiprnatr traMiii»nlaMU)onumeTated hy Riobardaon |1830) are briefly ludirateil m "eattapUBlut"! 16 1844— Histoira NrntoreUe des Poibkhib, pw M. le B^ Caviar, . . . ; «t pw M. Valen- dtauam^ .... Tome dix-wpti^me. A Paria, ebes P. Bertnnd, .... 18M. [8° ed. xxui, 497 pp., 1 1. ; 4° ed. xx, 370 pp. 1 L— pL 487 (bU)-619.] SaitedD livre dix-hniti^e. — Cyprmoides. 1S49 — Description of a new species of SifrnffmaikmSj broogbt from the western coast of California by Capt. Phelps. By Dr. D. H. Storer. < Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., r. 3, p. 73, December, 1845. 1S4S — ^A Synopsis iti the fishes of North America. By David Biunphreys Sluiei, H. D., A. A. B., .... ^Mem. Am. Acad. Arts and Sci., new sviea, toI. ii, pp. 253-550, Cambridge, 1846. (739 Dosdaal ^edcs fnm aUHottli AMcrioa. Indodisg ibe W«st ladies, an ihsniHirf Tb« dMOtiptioos, bowerar. an Bost lastly qo^plkd aad oatinlj tasaflclMai.] A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America. By Da-vid Hnmphrsya Storer, H. D., A. A.8., . . . . Cambridge: Metcalf and Company, Printers to the University. 1846. [4°, 1 p. I. (= title), 296 pp.] (A reprint, with aepsnta psfiaatfon, tUle-psca, aad index, of Us preAillng. AeoordiBC to Dr. Stonr (Hen. Aead., p-SSO; SyiLp.?). "tbe&Oowing vMiMiakaUt tha north western ooast t>f Amsrica :— Triekoitm tUtUrL Saitmo. Sattmo GuirdmHi. A^idopkanu aeJpmmrimmt. Sabme SeomUri. HtmtiUpidotmt TOmU, Saimo ttmfpUA. CgprimmM bmlUmtm*. O/fd^tenu ttntrieotuM. I Histoire Natnrelle des Poissoos, (mr H. le B^ Cnvior, . . . ; et par H. Valen- cieiine% .... Tome dix-hoitiime. A. Paris, chez P. Bertrand, . . . , 1846. [8o ed. xix, 505 pp., 2 L ; 4=' od. xviii. 375 pp^ 2 1.— pi. 520-5:i3. > Suite dn lirre dix-hnitidme. — Cyprinoidee. Livre dix-nenvi^me. — Des Esooes on Lncioldes. Histoire Natorelle des PoiseonS, par M. le B^ Cavier, . . . ; et par M. Valen- ntmnnmm^ .... Tomc dix-neavitaie. A Paris, ebes P. Bertrand, . . . , 1846. [8° ed. xix, 544 pp., 3 1. ; 4° ed. xt, 391 pp.. 2 1.— pi. 554-590.] Saite dn livre dix^neavi^me. — Brochets on Loeioides. Livre Tingti&me. — De qnelqnes fitmiUes* de UaUoopt^ryg^ens, interm^ diairee entre les Brochets et les Clnpes. (Xo weet-eoaat species daacribed.] Histoire Natnrelle des Poissons, par M. le B*** Cnvier, . . . ; et par M. Valen- ciennes^ .... Tome Tingtifeme. A Paris, chez P. Bertrand, . . . ; 1846. [8° ed. xviii, 472 pp., 11.; 4^ ed. xir, 346 pp. 1 L— pi. 591-606.] Livre vingt et nntfeme. — De la fiunille des Clnp^oides. 1S48— Historia Fisica y Politiea de Chile segun docomentos adqoiridos en esta re- ptiblica durante doce alios de residencia en ella y pnblicada bajo los aus- picios del Snpremo Gobiemo. Por Clandio Oey, ciodadano Chileno, indi- *Tb« fAoniliee referred toare:— Chirocaotrei <with the gtmaa OkiroemUnui ; Alepoo6pbale« (with Ate- poceitkalu»\ ; Lntodviree (with OkmmmaaA Oonorhyndim) ; Mufniyree fwiih JronHynur) ; HyodoBtes (with Oiutflio mm. lKknMama.wmiiHv%4wmi; BatlriBB {with A]Ms= Arttnaw); filopiens (with JR^e and Jff^iopjt ; Amtf(with Ami») ; YMtwsoo Amtoel (FaiJWil ; faiina>anirali^te.oa Aaieel iffelireSie) { eo^l>nudee (with Brj/aunama, Matrtdam, LMmttm, saA PifrHtaUmaH -, aad Oabtes (with irai»fm>. 17 vidao de variaa sociedades cientificas nacioDales y etrangeras. Zoolcgia. Tomo eegando. Paris, ea casa dfl antor. Chile, en el Mnseo do Historia Natural de Santiago. MDCCCXLVIII. [Text, 6° ; atlas, fol. J [Feoea. pp. 137-370 and index.— In tbia wurk are dcecriticd Buvcral Bpecies afterward ducovered alooK the coast of CaliforDia.] IMS— Thirtieth Congress — fiist se».sion. | = | Ex. Doc. No. 41. | — | Notes of a mili- tary reconnoia&ance, | from | Fort Leaveuwortb, Id Missouri, | to | San Di- ego, in California, | including part of the | Arkansas, Del Norte, and Gila Rivers. | — | By Lient. Col. "W. H. Emory. | Slade in 1646-7, with the advanced gnard of the " Army of the West." | — | February 9, 1848. — Or- dered to be printed. | February 17, 1848.— Ordered, That 10,000 extra copies of each of the Reports of Lien- j tenant Emory, Captain Cooke, and Lieu- tenant Abert, bo printed for the use of the House; | and that of said num- ber, 250 copies, be furnished for the use of Lieutenant Emory, Captain | Cooke, and Lieutenant Abort, respectively. | Washington: ) Wendell and Van Beuthuysen, printers. | : : : : | 1848. [H°, G14 pp., 50 lith. pi. not num- bered, 14 nambered, 2 sketoh-maps, and 3 maps folded.] [Tbiii work bas been so badly edltod tbnt the followtng analyaii may prove nsefal, and witi facilitate tho anderstandin;; of the work :— ] CONTKNTS. Notes I of I a military reconnoissanco, | from | Fort Leavenworth, in Mis- soari, to San Diego, | in California, | including | part of the Arkansas, I>el Norte, and Gila Rivers. | pp. 5-126, 20 lith. pi., 2 sketcb-mapa. Appendix No. 1. [Letter on Indians by Albert Gallatin, and reply by W. H. Emory.] pp. 127-134., 1 pi. Appendix No. 2. [Report on botany.] [1. Phanerogams and ferns. By John Torrey. pp. 135-155, pi. 1-12.] [2. Cactacea. By G. Engelmann. pp. 155-159, 14 lith. pi., 2 not nnmbered.] Appendix No. 3. Table of meteorological observations, pp. 160-174. Appendix No. 4. Table of geographical positions, pp. 175-178. Appendix No. 5. Table of astronomical obHervations. pp. 179-iW5.* Appendix No. 0. [Report on natural history. By J. W. Abort.] jip. 3^6-414. Appendix No. 7. [Itinerary of Sonorn. Mexico. By P. St. Geo. Cooke.] pp. 41.V-41G. Report of Lieut. J. W. Abert, | of his | examination of New Mexico, | in tbe years 1840-'47. pp. 417-54G, 22 litb. pi., 1 map folded. Notes concerning the niiueralH and i'oi^bilti, collected by Lieutenant J. W. Ab<!rt, while engaged in tbe geogiaphical examination of New Mexico, by J. W. Bailey, profesi-or of cbemistry, minerah>gy, and geology, at the United States Military Academy, pp. 517-u4H, 2 lith. pis. Report of Lient. Col. V. St. George Cooke | of | his march from | Santa F<S, New Mexico, | to | San Diej;o, Upper C.ilifornia. pp. 549-56^1, 2 maps folded. Joarnal | of | Captain A. R. Johnston, | First Dragoons, pp. 5(»5-614. (A species of GUa is noticed nt )>■ Oi, and iUasirated by a poor plate oppo^iU! tbe text. It Lm aaid: — "We beard the flsb playiDg in the ivuter, and soon those wbu xvcro disen- jEBged w*fre after tbotu. At first it was siippuscd tliey wore the mooDtain trout, but, beini? cooiparatiTely frenb from tbe bllU of Maine, Z soon saw the diffcreoco."] HiatoJro Natnrelle des Pois ons, par M. lo B**" Cuvier. . . . ; ct par M. Valen- dennea, . . . Tome vingtet uniiimo. A Pniis, ehrz P. Bortrand, .... 1848. [8° ed. xiv. 536 pp.; 4^ ed. xiii (-1- iii), '.191 pp.— pi. G07-C33.] • Pages 380-304 luisnu-.bered 309-3S4.. BoILN. M. No. 11-2 18 8aito do Uttb ringt et nni^me et des Clap^ides.* Lirre vingtrdeaxi^me. — Du U famille dea Sfthnoooidea. fXo WBA-coMt speciea dncribed.) lS49~Fnnlc Forrwter's nab mod Fiahingof tbe United SUtes aod British Provinces of North America. Illoatnited Crom natura by th« sntbor. By Henry in^UUam Herbert, author of " Field Sporta," " Wanrick Woodlsndis'' vU. New York, Stringer & Townaend, 222 Broedvay, 16$9. iP. Histoire NatoreUe des Foisaoos, par H. le 6* Covier, . . . ; et par M. Vmlen- Mmmwtmm . . . Toow Tingt-deoxi^oie. X Paris, chez P. Bertraod, . . . , ltM9. [8Ced.xx,532,(iDdex)91{+l)pp.; 4^ ed.XTi,395,(iodex)ei (+ l)pp.— pL 634-650.] ^ite do livre Tiogt-deaxi^me.— Saite de la famille des Salmoooldea. [Xo wtrt CO— t ipeeka deacribed.) A Monograph of tbe Freah water Cottaa of North America. By Charlaa Oi- rmrd. Aug. 1S19. < Proc Am. Assoc. Adr. Sci., ▼■ 2, pp. 4fB-Ut, IdSO. OnthegeDosCottnsAnet. By Charles Olrerd. Oct. 17, ld49. < Proc Boat. Soc Nat. Hist., t. 3, pp. 133-190, 1849. 1U# — Some additional obsenrations on tbe nomenclatnre and classification of the genns Cottna. By Charlee Olnrd. Jone 19, 1:^. < Proc. Boat. Soc Nat. Hist., T. 3, pp. 30:t-305, ItSa 1S41— On a d«w genosof Amrrican Cottoids. By Charlea Olrard. Feb. 5, 1851. < Proc Boat. Soc Nat Hist., t. 4, pp. Id-19, 1651. B6Tiaion dn goue Cottos des anteais. Par Chariea Qirard, de TAasodatioii am^ricaine pour ravaocement dee sciences, membre de la Soci^t^ dliiatoire natarelle de Buston. [1851. 4°, 23 pp.] <N. DenkKhr. allg. Schwtsixer. Gcsell. gesammt. Natorw., & 1^ 1^52. SmitbwHiian Cootribntious to Knowledge. = Contribations to tbe Nainral His- tory of the rreofa Water Fishes of North America. By Cliaxlaa Oirard. I. A Moxiugraph of tbe Cuttoids. Accepted for pnblicatioD by tbe Smithson- ian InstitotioD, December, ld50. [Smithsonian Contribaiions to Knowledge,] voL iii, art. X [4-, J?0 pp . 3 pi.] Description of a new form of Lamprey from Australia, with a Synopsis of the Family. By J. B- Gray, Ej-v. 1'. U. S., V. P. Z. S., rtc < Proc. ZooL Soc Lundon, part xix, pp. 2;i5-£41, p.a;es. Pisccu, iv, t, 1351. List uf tbe «prcimeufl of Fish i.i tbe collection of tbe Briti^h Un'>«om. — Part I. — CboDdropterygii. — Printed by order of tbe tmstev^s. London, 1S51. [12^, x.tl],U^pp.,'ipl.J ;Tb«BaiikeorUteeoaipUerUDOCpabli*bsdfla t::«tiUe>p^0e. In tbe B»ul ialra4aetiaK, Mr. Grmj ftUir*:— "Tbe rlunrtcn oi tb» (nwrmof S)Mr^ asd JUjb. with tbcir ay- Doaio«, bavv priocipAllj bem derir«d frnqi ibe ««rkof Prof »■■»«■ llaU«r m»i Hcala. rW *>pc«iiaeas wlLcb wtrt sot nam^u ox tbovr aatbdn vbee CB^ES^prd ia tbMr voc^ «r ht I>r. Aadrvv South, have btco d. :er:uiue«l bv Ur. K«lwarU Gerr^ri." Tbe reapCMai- btlitT of the conpUatioti. h««- rrr. apiarmilv tlvTohrva oo JOOS EDWAKD GRAT. Tbe diafiKwr* of the proo;.r. -; 1. f.c ihr m-A. i«.n. '.be *. iwaTBV kJ the »pecw«.az«, ia :«ct. tracaUzed or traucr.bed fron Valler auU iIcA> s f'A*; «ork c^ the PlijpnalnMW. ectitiedaa fc^lov* .— c<yp<csaaUarbe ISnrbreihanp der Pli^^mcoaett Txm Dr. J. urLLKR. o. 5. Proframr d«r A&atoicie and PhTKoliir^, narf IHrMtor dea asai«aiarhea Tb«alen ~L<i Uatearn* io Brriin, ci^d £>r. J. '.lENLK «^ & Vtvfrmatt 4eT AtMomit nt>J INMCtor tif^ anaioaiaebea Tticatcra aad V.««rou* ia Zaikk. Hit aeokiic g»« wdmchtafeto. I>riiB. VerlajE Toa Tcit aad Caaof — IML [ Ko^M. xx-.L. aDS pp^ < U W pL. agatlT eaiund. caa:i3ibeTed.J Aoepach-aurki:: .wrt IfOt w:thiM>DuUcMiii' \V«at«-Ri ^a«eaicaa»pecatn.] tkmm tWOarcu4e»aaavH-j iteiscc ^mHj (mam fcwilla trSa- 1» ISSl— SoppleiDvnt to FrunU rorriwter'd rioti and Fkhiuguf (be I'oitiNl StatfHtind Britittli Provinces of North AmiTioik. By William Henry Herbert, unlliiir of tbu '* Fioli! SportHof North Amerioa," " friiiik I-'oi rrsitT aint liis I'lii'iidi*,*' «tc. N«w York, 8iriDger &, Tuwnfteud, 'Jrii Etruodwuy, IBjI. ti[i. 1-^. 19SS — n<v(cri|tUnnfl of eionm new Fishfts frnin tim Rtvor ZuAi. Rv S. F. Balrd nud Ciiarle* airard. Jiino 'i», 1853. < Proo. Acad. Nut. 8oi., vol. G, itp. '.V>t*~vm, June. Iti^X [N. g. Mil «[L Oiia <a. g. afld), OOa rofrtuU (309), (JUa ^^mim (300», O^groeOU (3(W».| DoocriptiaoN of New 8p«c(<j*« of Ft8ht« imiIUm-UmI hy Sir. Joho H. Curk, on the r. &. and Mexican IhMiiidary Purvey, iiiHl*«r Lt. Col, Jas, I). Gntharii. Dy Spenoer F. Balrd and Charles Oirard. AaK°i>t 30, 1803. < Pnw. Acad. Nat. 8ci. Phila.. v. «. pp. 3^r-;t'.tO, Au-nit. IHh'X {S. np. 0<tbtf{r>mu« loajnimil t3^». OUs EiiMtyi OSH), f7<7a (VriAimf (399). Cvpn'nocfon 3iiil Congrem, ) 3d Homion. {Senate, j Execativc | No. CO. | — | Koportof nn£x- pr^dition | down the | Znfii and Cohtrado Rivont, | hy | Cnpturu L. Blt- greavea, | Corps Topographical Knf;inecrn. | — ( Accompanied hy m»|n(. ttk«tch««, vifws, and illuslniliutiit. | — | Waohiugtuu: 1 Rolirrt ArniBtrong^ public print4>r. I ISTkJ. [(i*^, lUOpp., 1 K, 21 pl.offlcintry ^pl. I foldotl), 6pI.of ni'kininalfi, (i pi. of hirda, 12 pi. of mptilott, U pL of fiaUet, 21 pLof botany, 1 foldetl map, tU at end.] Titles p. 1. Beport of the Secretary of Wnr, comiDUDicatiDjr, [etc.] p. 3. [8itf(reare8'a report] pp. 4-29. fioport I nn | the natnral history { of the | country pnMf«l over hy the exploring; expedition | under the command of Hrovet Cuptaiu L. 8il- j[^vavr«, I v., S. Topoi^raphicul Kiijjiiicers, during th*^ 3 enr lOl. | Hy S. ^. ^77oodboaafl^ M. D., | surgeon und naturalittt tu the expitlitiuti. | pp. 31-40. Zoology. I ^ I Mammals ami Birds, liy 8. W. Woodhutuc, M. D. I Reptilea, by Rdvrard Hallowell, M. D. | Fishoa, by Prof. Sl F. Balrd and Charlec Olrard. | pp. 41-152. Mammala. By 8. W. W-HHlhouM', M. D. pp. 4:J-57. 6 (.1. ( !-6). Binlii. By 8. W.Wo..dhiiuBe.M. D. pp. 58-105. 6 pi. (1-6), Reptilea. By Edward Hallnwell. M. D. pi*. 105-147. 21 pi O'^O^ 10 a>. Fisheti. by Speccer F. Baird and Cbarlea Oirard. pp. ]4H'152, 3pl. (I'Jj. BoUuy. I — I By Pnifi^wior John Torrr-y. pp. 15.V17B, 21 ph*. (1-21). Medical Report. | — | By 8. W. Woodhoose, M. D. \\\\. 17'J-185. Lift of UhiHtratioQs. pp. l*^-11MJ. Table of contents. [II.] Ettraordioary FUhea from Culifomia, con&titntiog a O0W family, do«crihi.'(l Uy L. Agaaaiz. <Am. Journ. Sni.and Art*, (2), v. ir...pp. :tHO-:tl»0. Nov. 1853; alao nipruitml in KdtnharKh Now Phil. Jonm., v.57, pp. 214-227 ; iranalaled to Archiv fUr XatnrgeschicbtedJerlin^, .Iahij(. 20. B. I. pp. 14i)-Ul2, 185:1. IKAinity uatuw) "Family llulooaoiior Riiilm>iiM-oidip" (|>. 3KI>. X.{;.juit)t)-«p. EmlUitifa {n. £.. >t) i— 1. Ev^iotoea JaeJi§atU ^^s^^ , 'i. EmbiaOtca Coryi i^MS) J (Thu ftTtlelo wu traoNistMt Ittto Geruuta a» tuW^vtB: — 1 tjeber rine nmie Fntnilii! von FlM-him uua Culiforniou. Von L. AgasalK. Aq> Sillimau'a Amer. Joaru. vol. xvt. p. 3t!0 UU-'reL'tzl-. Vom Horuuugeher [F. IL Troaehel]. < Archiv lUr Naturjpjachicbte, W. Jahrg., B. I, pp. 14'J— l0U,lt}54. 20 fThta tnatimtion in» followrtl hj tbe foUowins ori^ir;.] coB!uiuika(^. in vUcb tiM ■ynumaUc reUtiooa of the funt!; «-«Te ftefiniteljr dctennincd:— ] Ueb«r die syiitcinatucbe StelioDg der Gattnog Embiotrxa. BeicerkoDg zoi vorigeo AbbaodlDDg. Yoni IIeraD»geb«:r [Ih*. F. H. Tros^iel}. -^Archie flJr Natnrgeacbicbte, SO. Jabrg., B, 1, pp. 163-16^. 1854. 3994 — Tbo ZofAogy of tbe Voyage uf H. U. 8. Herald, nnder tbe eomrf and of Cap- taio Henry Ke.Iett, IL N.^ C B., dortog tbe years ltM5-51. — Pablubed nndei tbe Authority of tb« Lor*, s CooimissionerB of tbe Admiralty. — Edited by Profevior E^lward Forbt a, F. R. S. Vi-rtebrals, ioclatitog Fossil Hammale. By Sir John Richardson, KDt.,C. B., M. D., F. R. S.— Loodoo: LotcII Reeve, 5, Henrietta stree;, CoTent Garden. ~}H&4. [4^, xi, viy[l], 171[+ I] pp., 3-.' pi.] Fihb. pp. i;>0-171, and pi. xxviii,pl. xxxiii. [OeMribefl PUUe$$a atOtMta, month of Coppermine Birer <1C4. pi. 33, f. 1-3); Plmtam gtaeialit, B«tbanit'« Iol»l> (IM, pi. Zi); Salmo eoiuvettu, Ynknu Eiv^ tl67. pL 3«; S^wu defmatinut. Tokoo Hirer (169, pi. 33, f. 3-5).] Xotico of a collection of Fmheii from tbo sontbem bend of tbe Tennessee River, in tbo State of Alabama. By la. Agamain < Am. Jonro. Sci. and Arts, (2), v. 17, pp. 2U7-:{03, Mar. 1854 ; v. 17, pp. 3j3-3t;9, May. Ie54. Appendix. — Additional notes on tbe Holconoti. pp. 365-369, May, 1854. [N. fc- nnd n. up. EnU>iotoea UtteraUt (366), SMaeodtiluM (n. g.) toxctu (367), Ampki^'-hm (n. g.) argenUuM (367), Holamotut (a. g., 367) rhodotenu (36g).] [TnoiiUtea a* folIowB :— ] Nacbtriiglicbe Beraerkaogen Uber die Holconoti. Von Prof. Ii. Agassiz. Am Silliman Amer. Joum, xvii. p. 365. LVbereetzt vom HtTsosgeber [J. II TroscbelJ. < Arcbiv lUr Nnturgeschicbte, 21. Jabrg., B. 1, pp. 30-34, 1855. Description of four new siiecies of Viviparoas Fishes from Balicramento Rirei and tliu Bay of San Frunctsco. Read before tbe California Academy of Na*- unil Sciencen, May 15, 1854. By "W. P. Gibbons, M. D. June 27, 1854 < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbil.i., v. 7, pp. 105-10{>, 1854. (N. up. ITjftteroearpiu Trtukii (103), llyperprotopvn arj^enteum (105) antl v«r. a. pvautatun (IWi), Ojfmatagtuier aggregatua (lOti), C\/matoga»t€r mimvMU (106).] Description of new Species of Viviparous Marine ami Fresh-water Fishes, fron the Bay ofSuu FranciMco, and from tbe River and Lagoons uf the S^runiento By W. P. Gibbons, M. D. [Read before the California Academy of Nat nral Sciences, Jan. Utb and May 15tb, 22d, and 29th, 1854.] July 25, 1854 <Pn>c. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., v. 7, pp. 122-126, July, 1854. [N fC. nod n. »p. Jltiloonoliu ( 1S3), H. AgtutinHV^), JJ. Gibbongii. " Cul. Acad. cfX. B.'' (13-3) H./nlijimmu (liO), CynatogOMter {n. g.). O. LarkiruiUlia), C. pvlchrUu* i\3S), C. elliptieu (1U4), Ififiterooarjnu (n. R.), U. TroMkii (124). Jlyprrpronopon (u. g, ), U. argmteug (125), H amtatiu 093), UierometruM iu. r.), 31. aggrrgtUut (1'25). M. tnintrnu* (l-25),i/yIi/op/i(t;u« (n (t-). Jf./a.eia(u* (l:i5). Paehylabrtit (n. g.), P. varifgMua (126). J [TnaaUted »■ foUow«:— ] Beschntibnng nener Fische ans der Familio Holconoti aus dem Busen voi San Francisco, ans dem Sacramento- Flues and deusen Lagunen. Vou W P. Olbbona. Ans den Proceedings of the Acad, of nat. sc. of Philadelphi: vol. viL 1854. p. 122. tlberaetzt vom Herausgehor [F. H.Troscbel]. <Ar chiv iUr Naturgeschichte, 21. Jabrg., B. 1, pp. 331-341, 1855. Descriptions of new Ftiihes, collected by Dr. A. L. Heermann, Naturalist at taohed to tbo sun'ey of the Pacific Railroad Route, under Lieut-. R. S. Wit llamson, U. S. A. By Charles Olrard. Aug. 29. 1854. < Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., T. 7. pp. 189-140, 1854. [^.g.nAn.ap,:—\.OmitrmrekUMiittmTii9tiu(lW,i.Ooa^ptisgulotu9{tV),X A^iettU V g.) Vmm nm* 4. I gliwrtw la. g., I3t) arwolitr (131). &. AooiymtidUAv* (a. g.> SMmN fwmf(m},9. MsilwsihsmM0»UtrC«rwyfc«waay,8.0Mni>fWsHM0»>.t 21 Opkiodon (n. g.) elongatti* (133), 1p. Oa*terott»u$ Willia:.toni (133), U. Oattero/itfUi micro- eephcUiU (133), 12. AtherinophiM In. g.) eali/omieruu {l;)4), 13. Gobiut praciliii (VM). 14. Embi- otocalineata (134), 15. Amphutichm timilvnl'M),lG. AaiphUtichui n*emuinni(l,i3i, 17. Gila €onoeep?uUa (1.15), IB. I'ogonichthyiiiTuequUobits (130), 19. Pogonichtkyt Kym7netHeu« (136). 20. Lavinia (□. R.) exilieauda (137), SI, Lavinia erasncauda {131),^, Lavinia eoi'/pnnu (\yi), S3. Leuetitomua occidentalis (137), U4. Ulupea mirab.liM <13d>, 25. i/f^»a cointZ^a (138), 26. Sii«rrauif« mordax (i:J8), 27. PlatiehtAyM (u. j;-) rujoswi (13!)), 2ii. Pleuronichtkyx (n. s-) coino- •w (139), 29. ParopAn/ji (n. e-. 139) vetulu* (140), 30. PseUichthy$ {n. {;.) melanotitic,u» (I40).l 18«I4 — Euumeration of tbo specius of marine Fishes, collected at Sau Fraucisof>, Citli- fomia, by Dr. C. B. R. Keunorly, nataralist attacbed to tbe snrvry of tbo PacificR-R. Route, under Lieut. A. W. Whipple. By Charles Gira:d. Ang. a9, 1854. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Puila., v. 7, pp. 141-14J, Aug. 1854. [K. g. and n. sp :— I. Chirtu eoruteUatut (141), 3. Porichthys (n. g.) notatus (141), 8. Oadtu jMWxiiniu (141), 10. PMttiehthy sonHim (143). J Observations upon a coUocliou uf Fishes made on tbe Pacific coast uf the U. States, by Lieut. W. P. Trowbridge, U. S. A., lor tbe Museum of tbo Smithsouian lustitution. By Charles Girard. Aug. 29, lr^54. <^ Prur. Acad. Not, Sci. Philu., v. 7, pp. U'2-15C. If<i4. [N.g. andn.flp.:— 1. Ltlbraxnebul^/er{U2),^LabTaxcIathratu» (143), Z. Beterogtichtu (u. k ) nMtraha (143), 4. Sphyrcma argentea (144), 5. CoUopsuparciM {Wi,d.SeoTpiKnichth:it late- ralu(145), 'J. Scorpima guttata (UC>), l\. SebaatesrosaceuM {liGi, V2. Stbatteit/ajieiatuti {I4i'i),l'>. QoMteroiteitM plfheiut (147), IC. Gatteranteus inopinatus (147), 17. Vii.brina UTidulafa {\4^), 1^. GlypkUodon rubicund^ (\4A). 19. DtUrne exili* (149), 20. Blermiua gentilia (149), 21. Gunneltuit omatut (149). 33. Apodiehtltyi (a. R.yjtandtu (ISO), 23. Apodiehthya rirAaeeut (l.W. 34. Anar- rhicbaw/eliM (150), £6. JtUis modettiu (151), 29. Embiotoca tineata (151), 30. BmbioSoca Cos- tidvi (151). 32. Ilolcon0lu$ Trotobtidgii (152), 33. Holconoius megatopti (152), 31. Pltanerodou in. g.) /itreattu (IS3), 36. Pogomehthya argyreioeus (103), 37. Pundi-lna parvipinnu (IM), 4-2. SngTOidia delieatianmua (154), 43. Argentina prelioha (150), 44. Vlrurotti-cteamaculonuiil^^), 4*. LfpadogaHer retievlatut (155), 49. Syngnathua 6rmr«.(m (ISiJ). 50. jS^nffnofAa* Irpto- rAyn4:Aw(l56).] t Descriptions of two species of fish, believed to be new. Su[»t. 4. 1854. By Wm. O. Ayres. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 3-4, IK'^ ; 'J<1 . d., pp. :'-'I, 1873. LN. ap. Lahrua pxtXcher, IlemUripimta marmoratun.l t Descriptions of two new species of Subastes. Si-'pt. 11, 1854. By 'Wm. O. Ayrea. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. I, pp. 5-6, 1%4 ; 2d ed., p;-. G-H, 187::. {N. si>. S. nebrdoawt, S. panciapinia.] t Descriptions of new Rpecieu of fish. Sept. IB, 1H54. By Wm. O. Ayrec, M. D. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 7-c<, 1854 ; 2d ed., pp. 7-8, l>-7:'. ^ (V. »p. StixiaUa ruber, Sebaatea ruber var. parvua, Sebaatea variabilis, Centrarchv* Jtiacu- lorua.] t Observations on the development of Anablcps Gronovil. a vivipjiroiis liwli from Snrinnni. By Prof. Jeffries Wyman. Sept. 20, 1854. <]Pii)r. Bwto:i Soc. Nat. Hist., V. 5, pp. 80-81, Dec. IK54.* * Remarks in relation to tbe Mode of Develoiiment of 1 jubiotocoidie. By Charles Girard. Sept. 20, 1h54. < Proc. BoHton Soc. Nat. Hist., v. r,, pp. t*l-^2, Dec. If-r4. *Two new fiybcs, Morrbna califnniica and (Jrystt'S lineutnM. By 'Wm. O. Ayres. Oct. 2, 1854. < Proc. C;il. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. U-10, \KA ; 2<l cd., pp. 8-10, 1873. (X. up. 3Iorrhua cali/orniea, Grystea lincaUm ] *£w, atko. OtftprTatHiDMOD tin- iW'Vcloimiciitrf Aualfl^pw (In imvii(Cuv. nml Val.). r.v.IririU'HWjiuii;:. ai.D. R«Bil Srpt. 20, U54. < BoMoii .Ii»uiii. ^'.it. lli.st.. v. C, ).j.. 13*^-44:1, pi. 17. Nov. lf.-,4. 22 ISM — r Dnrri|itiiw ni a new speciea of eoctoid OtJ^ and remarks oa the Americao AcaaxhMOCU. Br ^Tm. a Ayzva; 3C D. Oe:.9,U64. <Proc. Cal. AomL [S: flft. nii If I wiMtMf= lii'iilliiii MiCrC).] r DiBKnptMa* af tv« asw apceiBa af fiiiu By Wm. O. A7re% M. D. Oct. a; Id&l. <Pna.GBLAcad.Sci^T. 1, pp. U-14, 1854; ad. ed., pp. 1,2-13, SewipeckarfCalHbraiaa r»b<% by WBliam a Ay»ga^ M.D. Not. 1, 1854. <PrDcBa«aa Sjc XaL HiM., ▼- a> PP^ 94-103^ Dec. It^ and Feb. 1855. pr. i»L <^*1>B J ■ I II If Mill .»«>. Jrtf wilBlii ■■! ff«). Jitf tufar (87>, SdMHta mbtr Tig.#wwM<ae).CiBHwi*Biiii*iihHi«M». ITi ilBiawf^^mkadOOK rg^nijjwJdWUOl).] 'Deaciipikneuf ibeScargeoas[AapeBMr]foaiid inonr [Califbrniaii] waters. By 'Wm. a Ayrea, M. D. X«t. a?, 1454. <FToe. CaL Acad. Sci., r. 1, p. 15, Dec 1^&4 ; Jd ed., pp. 14-15. VSSX (5. iv^ X aatfarwerw; J. ■lifii^ii, it. Iiiipi ftp ■!>■■.] Cbanct«rutMs of aooe Cartilasioooe Flahea of tbe Paeifio coast of North Am- erica. By Cbnles Oinrd. Nor. ^ ld&4. < Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philo.. T. 7, pp. 196-197, 1851. [B. ipL>-LaH<ranM>«MMet (MS). %Tnakia mmi^tiintmm (196). 3. %iwwUfWiiftfrn) Abstract of a Report to Lieat. Jaa. M. Gilliss, IT.S.N., npon the Fishes col- lected doriog the U. S. N. AstroiHHnical Expedition to Chili. By Charlea ainml Not. 28, 1854. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. PLihi.. t. 7, pp. 197-199, 1854. tGMoa AAttimoptU noClocd, sad tbe Jf«Mla evrvlM of Aug. 39, 1834, t. 7, p. 138, nde- ■eribed as » sew ipeciea, anderiboDama ^leassMMca.) t Dmrriptioos of two new upecies of fish. By "Wvi. O. Ayrea, M. D. Dec. 4, \^SA. <Proc.Cal. Acad..Sci.. v. 1, p:>. 17-18, 1854; :id ed., pp. 16-17, 1873. [K. pp. OrmeruM tiongatua. MuMUbufilU\ tDetwriptioDs of two new s lecies of Cyphooid^. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Dec. 11,1854. < Proc CaL Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 18-19. 1^^ ; 2d ed., pp. I7-ia 1873. [N'. ap. CtttotUnrau oeei^enlalU, Qda jrntntfu.] * Descriptions of two new Cypriuoid fish. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Dec. 18, 1854. < Proc. Cal. Acad. 8ci., t. 1, pp. 20-21. I8:>4; 2«1 cil., pp. 19-20, 1873. f [N. Mp. Lavinia gibbOHi, L. eompreua. ] ' D4Mwri[ition of a new Cypriuotd fish. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Dec. 25, 1H54. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., t. 1, pp. 21-22, 1854 ; 2d ed., pp. 20-21, 1873. (N. ftp. OUa mieroUpidota.] A lint of lite FUhes collected in California, by Mr. £. Samuels, witfa desorip- tioiiR of the new species. By Charlea Girard, M. D. [1854.] < Boston Jonrn. Nat. Hist., v. 6, pp. 533-544, pL 24-26, 1857. lAAA HyiiopHls of tlio Icfathyological Fanna of the Pacific Slope of North America, (ilih'lly from the coUeotioDs made by the U. S. Exp. Exped. under the com- tniiiMl of Capt. C. Wilkes, with recent add«t.ons aud cumpariaans with east* cm typM. By Loula Agaaaix. < Am. Joum. Sci. and Aru, v. 19, pp. 71-99, Jan., lHr>5; v. lU, pp. 215-231, March, 1855. (K. %. Slid d. Bp, OeOoatomtu oeetdentattt <04), Aenduilui (d. g., 06) aUitaceua (09), PfycA«. 0k0ttvs (It. IT., Vrt). i*tytho9lmbu gneaU (SS9), PtyOtoek^ut nmjor (OS), JfylorAeiliu <d. g. t«l*;j— "Oil lwoip<^>sofIJparie. Ry Wm. O. Ayreo, M. D. Jan. 8, 1855. <Pftic. C»i. Aoml. Sci., V. I, pp. i:i-'J4, Fob. I, 1^%5; 2d «1., pp. ill-SU, 1H7X (X. ap. It. |MiltA*tiiu, i^. mvninir.J t Deacrtpiion of a oew genus (Lcptoj^ini' llns) and ivro new apeeiea of liihe*. By Wm. O- Ayras, M. D. Jhu. v".!, IKia. < Proc. Cal. Aoad. 15ul., v. I, pp. «&-27, iHf.5; i&i fit. .pp. Oi-a;.. iK7:i. t l>a>rriptloo of a Lamprnj, froui tlie vicinity of Siin Fronfiinco. Ily ^TCTm. O Ayreo. M. D. Feb. 5, 1*5. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, p. iift, Feb. U, l!^; IJ^I ed.. p. V7, 1K73. [N*. tp. PMrvMjrMH pfurn6«u«.J * Reioarkfl on tbe festal Zygaina (Hamniur-bfladfcd Shark). By Jeffries Wy- BUL Feb. 21, 1H0&. <PrDo. Bofitoa Sot. NaL Uui., v. &, p. 157. Marvlj, 1666. t DflMrfptiOD of a new generio type among tulien. Py Wm. O. Ayres, M. l>. Feb. 26, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Acad. &ci., v. 1, pp. 31-32, 1856 ; 2d ed., pp. 30-31, Itf73. VDeaeriptinn of a ntiw a|kM!ieti of Cataatomua. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Manih r», IHai. < Prou. Cal. Acad. Bci., v. 1, pp. 32-3:1, 1855; 'HX ed.,pp. 31- 32, 1K73. IN. ap. OaiMteOMM (a&iafM*.] • Deacrlption' of a new iehthyio type. By "Wm. O. Ayrea, M. P. March 12, 1»S5. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., ?. 1, pp. 3:Ki.^. 185.'. ; 2d ed., pp. :W-;t4, 1873. pi. (. and a. ap. Jfi/ttppAarotfon [n. g ) roitMftu.] • Deacriptiou of a new Trout. By 'W. P. Gibbons. March 19, 1855. < Proc Cal. Acad. 8ci., v. 1, pp. :m1-:»7, iK'ifi; 'Jd *-d., p[i. ^a-Sfi, 1833, |N. Bp. £iato«»ruf«a.] * Oo ipecimena uf Gantoroateua plebeins, Oir, bronghl from Sau Jui^ by the lioT. Mr. Douglu-i. By Wm. O. Ayrea. M. D. April % lt©5. < Pnw. Cal. Acad.8ci.,v. 1, p. 40, iav>; 'Jd i-d.. p. :k), 1873. t DeaeripUoo of a new Ploteeaa, and reraarkfl on tbo Flatfiab of the 8an I>>aa- ci»to niarkete. By "Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. April 2, 1855. <Proo. Cal. Acad. Sci.. V. 1. pp. 3i^40, 1855 ; -Jd ed., pp. 3£M0, 1873. {K. ap. i'laUMMt bUiafatm.] tDeaeription of a new 8aImo and a new Potromyzon. By "Wm, O. Ayres. April 16, ia'>5. < PrtK. Cal. Acad. 8ci., v. I, pp. 43^5, 18u:>; '^d eil., pp. 42-14, 1873. pi. ap. ilainia rimilans, Patromyam eitiatiw.] Notice upon the Viviparoua Fishes iubabiting tbe Pacific const uf North Amei^ ica, with an enn&ioration of the apeoirM observed. By Chaxlea Oirard. April 24, 1866. <Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila., v. 7, pp. niH-tK.!, 1-55. IK.n. ■ada.ap.i-J. £'m&Mf£MM WetbiiJUa),^ £m6iAtoMOPn«/a{a9t),8u£MMo£orap#npiai- Mw M21I. 7. DamaUehlkyt <ii. ft.t vtuca {ViX), *. j|6#ona40. jf) TftnthrlSffSii (SSS), 11. £»nieh. thV» (Q.K.. 3211, KnnithUnfM m^yaUtpM {'.123), 19. KnnfWUApf Btgrmmmi (333).] ITraaalab^d iutn Oermao by Dr, Tmiichcil sh (ttlltiwii,— ] TVbftr die b'twndig gcbiirondeu Ftsche an der Wealktiste von Nordauiorika. Vou Charles Girard. (Procei«diuga of tbe Aca<leniy of uut. sc of PMIa- delphin April 18.V>.) IVlKjrsetzt vorn Heruiibgeber [Prof. Dr. Tmachftl), <ArcUiT fUr Naturgeaohichte, Ml. Jahrg., B. 1, pp. 342-354 [tiumb. 344], 1665. 24 1995— t Description of a Gasturoateim believed to be new. and on tbe American xpe- cies of the genua. By Wm. O. Ayres. April 30, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Add. Sci., V. 1, pp. 47-4-(, 1855; 2d ed., pp. 4G-47, 1873. f N. «p. Otuterotteut serntui ; UAtne OtuUrosteui dekayi proposed for Gtuterottouu tfiacu- Itaiua DeEay.l f Description of a new species of Apodicbtbjs. By WUliam O. Ayres, M. D. May 21, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 55-50, 1855; 2d ed., pp. 54- 5.5, 1873. [N. Bp. SpodichthyM viraceni.] t Description of a new generic type of Blennoids. By William O. Ayres, M. D June 4, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 08-59, 1855 ; 2d ed.,pp. 5t^59, 187.1. [N. sp. O^tdiehAj/M criatageUti.] t Description of a new Carangoid fisb. By WUllam O. Ayreo, M. D. July 2, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 62-63, 1865 ; 2d od., p. 64, 1873. IN. ip. Oaranx tj/mmetrieua.} t Deetcription of a new species of Wbiting. By William O. Ayres, M. D. July 16, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Set., v. 1, p. 64, 1855; 2d ed., pp. 65-66, 187.J. I N. sp. Merlat^uM produettu.} * Description of a fish, representing a typo entirely new to our waters. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Aug. 6, 1855, < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 66-07, 1855; 2ded., p. 69, 1873. [X. Bp. Saurtu fuoiooept.] * Description of a new npecies of Cramp fish. By William O. Ayres, M. D. SepS. 10, 1855. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1 , pp. 70-71, 1855 ; 2d ed., pp. 74-75, 1873. IN. ep. Torpedo cal\fomica.] tOu a viviparous Osb from Japan. By Louis AgEiBsiz. Sept. 11, 1855. <Proc. Am. Acad. Arts and Sci., v. 3, p. 204, 1855. 'A Flying Fisb, Exocwlus fatdatwf Le Suenr, from tbe Pacific Ocean, lat. 30"^ 06' N.,long. 113° 02'\V. [Gulf of California], presented by Dr. Lanszweert." Sept. 24, 1855. <Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. n-73, 1855. 1 Description of u Sliark of new guouric type. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Oct. 8, Irtoo. <Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 72-73, 1855; 2d ed., pp. 76-77, 1873. [K. sp. Notorkynchtu maeulatu*.] * Remarks conccrnitig a collection of fishes made by Lieut. W. P. Trowbridge at or ne:ir C:ipe FUttcry, W. T. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Oct. 22, 180.^ < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 1, p. 74, 1855; 2ded., p. 79, 1873. [10 speclea eDumerated.] tOn a8nppo«e<l new genus of Cottoids. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Dec. 24, 1855. < Proc. Ca!. Acad. Sci., v. 1, pp. 7&-77, 1855 ; 2d ed., pp. Hi-82, 1873. [N. Bp. CalyeOfpidotuM xpinonw, Aeor]N»mefttky« lafarolt* Gnl. = CalyeUepidifttu lattraliit.] 25 IS so — Cuntribndons to the Ichthyology of the We'itoin Coast of tbe United States. from specimens in the Musonm of BmithHooiaD Institution. By Chailos airard. M. D. June S4, 1856. <Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., v. 8, pp. 131-137, 1855. [N. g. and n. ap. PartUabrax (n. g., 131), Homa'opomtu in. g.) Trowbridijii H:'H, Oligo- wtau (n. g., 132) mocuionw (133), Ltioeottu§ (□. g.) hinmdo (1;13), Artedtus (n. g., 134). Artf- diuM notO¥pilolu$ (13-1), Sebastea melanopt <135}, Oplopoma ivt-sr.) pantkerina (133), Oatle- rmiteut inttrinediua <13S), Oattertmtetu pugetti <13.')), GobiuM Xeicberryi (13C), J^mbioUca argy- rvoma (13C). Oortgtnwu WiUianuoni (13fi>, Platichihyi umbro$wi (13R}, I'teunnichthyii gutlu- latut (137), Amntodyte* peT$onat%u (137), Ithitutplera vatpertilio (131).] Hesearches upon the Cyprinoids iubabiting tbe Crush water Fishes of tbe United States of America, west of the Mississippi Valley, from »peciiiiens in tbe Musenoiof the Smithaoniim Inetitutiou. By Charles Oirard, M. D. Sept. 30, 1856. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., v. 8, pp. 165--13, 1850. [S.g. and D. sp. MylockeUut fraterculut (1G9), Catottomus (Acotnun, n. e. {;.) gaicromu (174), OattatomuM maeroekeiluM (175), Caioatomtu bemardini (175), Algaruea (o. r.), Algan- ••a Moolor (Iffl), Algantea obeaa (183), Algan»«a /otmoita (ie;t). Lavinia harcniju* {ISA), Argyrnu nuAibu (186), ArgyrvuM o»eulu9 (li^C), Ariryreut notabUia (\8G), Agonia (□. g.). Agoaia ekryaogatter ^^^^^), Agotia meCoUica (lti7). ifrda in. p.) fubjida {\9i), Riehardsonxua (e.g.) taUralis (S02), Tiaroga (n. g.) eobitia (304), Ttgotna (d. g). Tigoma bicolor {-MG), Tigoj/iapuT' purea (306). Tigotna intermedia (30C), Tigoma obaa (20()), Tiffoma Uwnboldti (VO(i), Tiguri.a Uneata (*J06}, Z^onus graeilis (20ti), IVf^oma nigreacemt <stU7), Tigoma eramni ('J07), CA^rmda (D.X-). CAeonda Oboperi (207), CA«o)Kfa ccenilea (S07), 5i&0't a (d. g.) atraria i^d), I'lyehoclti- hu rapax («3), iYj/eAoeA«iftt« luettM (:209), FfycAocAnJiu vorax iiO'J).] N6tiO'; apon tbe Species of tbe Genus Salnio of nutLors, olii^erved cbielly iu Orefron and California. By CharlcB Girard, M. D. Oct. '.^8, 18136. <Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., v. 8, pp. 217-220. 1856. IJT. Bp. &Umo $peetabUi$ 121^), Fario aurora (218), Fario argyretus (JU), FaritfhUliattfi (S19), aalar Lewiai (-219), Solar ci girMiis {it^).] 33d Congrese, ] SdSession.SHoueeof Representatives. 5Ex. Doc. | No. t)7. | = [ . Narrative | of] the Exi^uditioQ of an Am(->rican Squadron | To | ilm China Seas and Japan, | jwrfonned in tho ,voars I85'3, 185'.i. and IS'Jl, [ niidrr the comniandcf | Comnioiloro M.C.Perry, Uoited Stiitt-sNavy, | h\ \ cider of the (iovernmentof the United States. | — [ Volnnici II. With illiistiations. I — I Wushiufftou: | A. O. P. Nicbolsou, primer. | 1856. [4°, 4 p. 1., -114 i)p. ; [Tivuty,] 2 p. 1., 14 pp.; [Index,] iti-xi jip., I I.] Notes on some figures of Japanese Fisb, talven Irora recent spet-inieii-^ l-y tho artists of the U. S. Japan Expedition. By J^iai^a Carson Urc- voort. (pp. 25.'}-256, pi. iii-xil.) ICoDtAins notice of Ditrcma acd first nolici^ of llia rccoguitiou of tbo f.Iaiiiiy bulwi-co the EoibiotocoidB of Califoruln and tbo JapaucHe genuH.] 3;kl Congn-ss, 2d Session. \ Senate, j Ex. Uoc. No. 78. ] ^ | Keporis ] of | Kxplo- ratiouB and Surveys, j to | ascurtaiii tbe most practieablu and eco-.ioniical routu forarailroad | fromthe | Mississippi River to the Pacilic Ocean | made under the direction of tbe Serrctary of War, | in ]H&:>-4, | r.cct)Tdin« icj acisi f Cou- greeaofMarcha, 185:i,May:U,lH,*)4,andAugn8t5,lH54. | — | VoIiinieV. | — | Wa.*»hington: | Beverley Tucker, Printer. | IHuIJ. Explorations and Surveys for a railroad route from tho MinsisKippi Kiv(^r to the Pacitic Ocean. | War Department. | — - | H(!nteftinC;;liloini;i,tocou- nect witb tbo routes near the thirty-tilth and ibirty-seooiid | parallels. explored by Lieut. U. S. Williamson, Corps Top(*J;ra|>hieal ICii^jineeis, in 165:i. I — I Geological report, ] by | William P. Bhike, | Geolegist and Mineralogist of the ExiXKlition. | [With appendix.] | — | Wasljin;,'ton, D. C. I 1857. = ApiMiudix. — Article I. Notice of thu fassil tisbeo. — By Piofessor Louia AgasBix.— (pp. 313-316, and 1 plate (*' Fossils plate 1") ) 26 1 856— S.;J CuDgmta, | 2(1 Seesioo. j Senate, j Ex. Doo. | Ko, 7a = Re;Kirl8 | uf | Explo- miiooaanUSurveys, | to | nBcerlainthemostpiActicubleimdecoDODiioalrouTt) foramilniad | fiutu ibe | Mitimiutippi Kivurto tbe Fucific Ooeau | madciintltir Ilu« ilirt-cliuii nf the Sftcri'tai^y of War, iu | lB5:(-4, | according to octH of Cou- grew of Mnrch :i, IrtThl, Muy 31, 1854, luid Aiiaiwl .^i, ia'>4. | — | Volume JV. I — I \Vu*Iii[JKlOM: I Beverlvy Tucker, Printer. | IdoO. Expturutiuiia aud surveys fur n railroad rout^o fruiu tbu MiwlbHippi River lo tli« Pacifle Otu-uu. | War Departuioiit. | = ( Route utmv thi* tbiny-fifth parallel, expture4l by Lieut. A. \V. Whipple, TofOj^rapbicul | En^iueera, iu I8rt3aiid lf<»l. | — | Report oq tbo zuology of Ibe expedilioii. | — t WaahinKion, t). C. | 185C. = [17 pp., H.] \d. 1. — Field imlea and explaaationa. — Ily C. D. R. Kennerly, M. D,, Pbyaiciaa oud Naturalbit to tbe Expedition. — 1»^>. ;»-I7. 1857— Tbo Mortbwe»t Coaat; or, Tbree Years' Residence in WuabiDKton Territory. By Jamea O, Swan. [Fi^urunf tvrr, seal.] Witb numuronn lUnHiraliooa, New York: Harper &. Brotbera, Publiahera, Fruokliu Square. 1H57. [12^i 4'35 pp. (incl. 'iH tigs, and pi.}, froDtiapiece, I map.] [PopiiluT DotioM of flMbM— MpfN:la]ly BAlmaD and flshuis for aalmao — are glveti la obap- ler«3, 7.0.aBdH.) * * Accouut of Hoiiie obMervaLiuua ou tbe development of Anublepa Gronnvii^ aa compartHl with tbat of tlie Etubiotocao of California. Dy Jeffries 'Wymsm* Nov. 18, IKi7. < Proc. Boatou Soc.Nut. Hist., v. 6, p. !W4, Jan. 11*^". Notice apon tmw Oenora aud new Species of Marioe and Freab-water Fiabea from WcstLTii Nurtb Ainurica. By Charlea Oixaxd, M. D. Nov. 24, It^T. , <rroc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila., v. 9, pp. •20U-3lt'.i, Nov. Ki?. (K.ff. ai.d &. pp. Chiroytit (n. p;., SOU, OtiooeoUtu anatin (30h. OtigoeoUt gMietpi (401/, ZaniaiiptM {a. ii.) lat^inntM {-Mil, Blepritu oetdnfaMiaiuM ('Ji>2).] 33d Congn m, | 2d Sefutiou. ] Houatn. [ Kx. Due. | No. 7rt. | = | Rc|>ortM [ of | Ex- plurationa aud Surveya, | to | aacertain tbe tuottt practicable aud ecouomiciil j routo for a railroad | from ibe ] Miaaiaeippi River to tbe Pacific Occnn. | Ma4lt* iiiitler tbe direction of tbe Secretary of War, in | l^i^-Q, \ occortliugto AotH of Con;^p«aa of iklarcb :t, iMo:), May 31, 18r>t, and Auguat 5, iHot. | — | Volume VI. | — | WaabiuKtou : | Bovtsrley Tucker, Printer. ] 1857. ■ Explorations aritl i^nrveyA for a Railroad Route from tbe MiasiaHippi Rive^fl to tbe Pacilic Ocean. | War Department. | = | Routea lu Ciiliforni » nud Oretfou explored by Lieut. R. S. Willlamaon. Corpa of Topocrapbiajil | Engtueer^, aud Lieut. Henry L. Abbo»> Corps of Topographical Kngin-^ eep-, lu 1H55. ( — | Zoological Rep4irt.— ! Waabington, D. C. | I*»7. | -=-^ No. 1. Report upon FlHhea coUeoted on tbo Survey. —By Charles Olrard, M. D.— pp. ^»-34, witb plates xxii u, xxii ft, xxv d, xxv &, xl a, xlvi, Ixii, Ixvi, Uviii, Ixx, Ixxiv. Report ou the fauna and medical topography of Waahinglou Territory. Bi Oeo. Suoklej, M. D. May, la57. < Trana. Am. Med. Aaaoc., v. 10, pp. 181- 217, lf«7. [Flihaft noiloal at pp. ttft-MS.] 1898 — Deacriptiou of aevoral now apecioi of Balmotiidie from tbo nortb-wvat of America. By 0«orge Suokley. M. D, Read December 6, 1856. <Ani Lyo. Nat. Hist^ New York, v. 7, pp. I-IO, Irtlia, |N'. up. flulmw aObtii (1), Stdmo tnmtMtm* (3), HiUmc gObtf (8). Satmo ans^iuntUM (ft, lebtbyotugical Noiicea. by Cbaa. Olraid. M. U> Dec. Sf*, 165a. < Proc. Acad.) Nat. Scl. Phtlu., vol. 10. pp. 22:t-225, Dec. 1858. M M, n. apt " ntrto XnBharii, ur elae 8»tm» JfiwtmU " (tK4\ 27 1.838 — DeDkvrfirdigUeiteo einer Reise naob dem rawiscben Amcrika, nach Hikro- nesien and durch Kamtsobatka. Von T. B. ▼. KittUtz. — Enter Bond [ — Zweiter Band]. — Gotba. Yerlag von JaBtns PeztLes. li^. [b°, voI.i, xvi, 383 pp., 2 pi. ; vol. ii, 2 p. 1., 463 pp., 2 pi.] 189»--334! Con^eas, | 2d Sesaion. j Senate. | Ex. Doo. { No. 78. | — | Beporte | of | Ex- plorations and Surveys, ) to | ascertain tbe most practicable and economical ronte fur a railroad | from tbe | Hiasissippi River to tbe Faciflo Ocean. | Made ander tbe direction of the Seoretary of War, in | 1853-0, | according to Acte of Congress of March 3, 1853, May 31, 1854, and Angngt 5, 1854. f -^ | Volume X. I — | Washington : ! Beverley Tacker, Printer. | 1859. Explorations and Surveys for a railroad routo from tbe Mississippi River to tbe Pacific Ocean. | War Department, j — | Fishes: by Charles Ol- rard, M. D. | — I Washington, B. C. | 1858.* = [xiv, 400 pp., with plates vii-viii, xiii-xiv, xvii, xviii, xxii o, xxvi, xxix, xxx, xxxiv, xxxvii, xl, xli, xlviii, liil, lix, Ixi, Ixiv, Ixv, Ixxi.] [N. g. MnA n. ap. OUffoeottus globieepM (56), JfauH^itkyt (d. g., 74), Amblodon xoCumtu (Otf), PMflMy< Uneotata (106), IVaeAuruff boopi (108), Spkippu* zonatut (110), Keodinut (n. e., ill), *Neoeiinu» BlancAordi (1L4), Xipkidion (mg., 119), Xipkidion mueoium (110), Ophidion Tay- lori <13t;}, Parfdiehthtf* <□. g., 140), Tigoma egregia (dSl). ThatticAthya (d. p., 3-25), ThaUiehtkyt StMvenMii (%{.>}, Engraulit nanut (335), Ungrauh* eompreatus (336), Tttraodon poUttu (340), Bippoeamptu ingen§ (349), ByngiMOtut Abboti (346), SynffnaUiut arandinaceua (346), JRaja Cooperi (373), Pefremyxim lixiduM (379), P«tron^zon aatori (360), Ammoctxlt* etbariua (383). t Ab this report brings op oar knowledge of the 0«h fauna of the Pacifio coaat slope of the noitcd States to tlie time of it* pablioation, and ma ks au epoch in the ichi hyogmpby of tbe region io qneBtior, the species described are herelci1>eIow enumiirated Of the ■everal ooloton^ (1) tho first contains the family name, (3) the second tbe generic. (3) tbe third tiie spedflo, and (4) the right hand one, the page where the species are described :— Order I.— ACANTHOPTBRI. Perclda Tracbinida Bphymnidie Heterolepidida Cottida Ambloplites intemiptns 10 Paralabrax nebnlifer 33 clathratTU 34 Heterostlcbns rostratoa 36 Spbynena argentea 39 Cbiropsis constellatns 43 pictQS 43 gnttatns 44 nebn loans 45 Oplopoma pantberinn 40 Ophlodon •loogatQB 48 Oottopsia asper 51 gnlosos M pamiB ?4 Oligocottns macn loans 50 aualia 57 glohlceps 58 Leptocottus armatns iio Leiocnttns birando 63 ScorpieDicbtbys marmoratas 64 Aspioottas bison 66 HemllopidotuB spInoBns 6fl Artedina Utrrale 70 * General Report upon the Zoology of tbe several Pacifio R^Iruad Ronton. Part IV. t Dionda grUta (330), "from twenty miles west of Chcctaw agency", i« the only other low i>pecies' ?8 Order I.-ACANTUOPTERI-^oDtinuod. CotUde AnedioB DOtoapilotDi 71 ZaDiolepiM latipiDDla 73 Nautichthys oculo-faaclitfaa 75 Soorpsnide Scorpsena gDttata 77 Sebastea rosaceos 78 fuciatoa 79 • aarlcolatDS go molaoops 81 panclepinia 83 Oaateroe^ide Gaateroateiu plebeias 80 aerratos 88 ■ intermediua 89 Inopioatua 90 microcepbalua 91 pufietti 93 WUDamaonii 93 SoiBDidB AmblodoD aaturDUB 98 LetostoiDoa lineatiia 99 UmbriDA nndutau 101 Athe.'inidB Athcirinopsls calif umienais 103 Si^ombridaj Scomber diego 105 Pelamya linoolata 10(1 Tracbarna aymmetriciia 107 boopa 108 SquamipennM Bpbippna zonatoa i:o BlODDide BleDDlua geatilis ii:t Neocllnua BUocbardi lU OaUDelliu omatDS IM Apodicbtbya flartdos 117 rireacena IIK Xiphidioo mncosoB im Cebtdicbtbys vlolaceaa m Iiumpenna aDgaillariB 133 Anarrbicbtbya felis 135 OobidfB GoblDB lepidaa 137 Nowberri 138 Cyclop toridiB Lepadoganter mcandrloua 130 Cyclogaator palcbcllaa 13i BatraohidK Poricbthya notatoa 134 Order II.-AXACANTniNI. Suborder I.— A pokes. Ophididre OphidiOD Taylori <38 AmmoUytoa pcrsoiiatUH 139 SubtiMler 11. — 'riioitAcici. Oadidie UrottmiuB tnargiuatus 141 Mirlaiiftus productus 141 Morrhua prozitua 143 Uomalopomua TrowbrldRii 144 Plenronectlde Platesaa biliut-ata 146 Paralicblbya maciilcHiia 147 Platicbtbya mcosua 148 Dmbrosaa 149 PlearoDlcbtbya caDoaoa 151 gnttiitatna 159 Facophrya Totalus 153 Paettlohtbya melauoatiotas 154 •ordidaa U5 29 Owler in.-PHARTKGOGNATHI. Sabocder I.— MALACOPTEKTon. SoombcTCMMstds Belone exllis Soborder II.— Acanthoptertgc. Order IV.-PHTSOSTOMI or MALACOPTBRL Saborder II.— ADUOiORAUBa. «JT1»riuld« Tf&te nf Oyprini. 156 Pomaoontrid« GlyphiBodoB mblcanduB 161 LabitdjB Labrus palcber 163 JnliH iDodestus im Kinblotoooida Embiotoca JacksoDi 169 Caiwidli 171 Webbi ITJ • UneaU 17^ ornata 176 peraplcabiUa 178 argyrosoma i?o Damalichtbys vacca \8i PhaoerodoD fnrcataa 184 -AbeoDk Trowbridgii im Rbacocbilaa toxotes 188 Hystcrocarpus Traskli 190 HolcoDotua rbodoteroB 19:1 Ennictbys megolopn 197 HeermnDDi 190 AmphiBticbua arsenteus 301 slmiUs 303 Hylocbeiloa caarinuB 313 lateralis S14 fratcrculiis 215 Mylopbarodoo conocephaloB 218 roboBtua S16 Tribe of Catostomi. Afwmns fCeDoroBiiB 221 Catoatomaa OOCtdOQUliS 224 , labiutua 224 laaorocbeilDS 325 IVifce of Ohondriitomi. Ortbodoa mtcrolepi dolus S37 AI^Dsea bicolor 338 obosa 239 formosa 239 LaviDia exUlcauda 241 barenfcns 343 Tribe of Pogonichthi. Arftyreaa dalcia 343 nubilQS 244 PofCoDlcbtbys inffiqnilobaB 245 aymmetrioai 340 , ar^reiosuB 346 oomtDonla 347 30 Order IV.-PHTSOSTOMI or MALACOPTERI-CoDtlaoed. GjprlnidjB Balmonidtt TrilMnfAlbumi. CTprineUa OnDDlwni 987 • IngnbrU . an Indibnnda S71 RlehardaoDlu balteatiu 876 totemlU ten Laxilu oooidaiitiiUs 9S0 QUft robtut* 885 •legAU 9B6 grmoUis asT TiKmn* ooDfimnia 389 btootot 360 obeM 9M bamboIdU 891 •gwgi* 891 Un»at* 898 oraau 803 893 CblondA Cooperi- •m ««Brn1e» 39S Biboow orauloandA 396 atnria S9T PtycboebcUiu or^onanais 896 gnuidia 990 mpuc 390 Torwt 301 Tnndaliu parripiimto 303 Bftlmo Scoaleri SOS qnlDiutt 308 •pMtabilii ay Fulo anroni SOD Unppitoh 310 argyraiu 3U Oairdneri 313 Glarkii 3M Mtellatiu 316 Sftlir Tirslnalis 320 irldea 3»1 OMn«nu pretiosDS 334 Tludeicbthja Stcveoal 335 CoregODiu WIlHanuoDi 396 Laorns (Laartd*) lociocopa 3S8 Clapea mirabilia 399 UeletU MBralea 330 EagnaiiB inordax 334 nanna 335 deUoatiHiiniu omnpreamu 335 335 Soopelldv ClDpoldB Ordar V.— PLKCTOONATHI. BaliatldB BaUatea OTnmodoutldB Tatraodon poUtoa Order VI.— LOPHOBRAXCHn. Hliipooainplda Hlppocampaa InxeDa Syacnatlilda STBgoiUhsa aaUfoniloiiaia bretvlroatrla lep^byaehoa Abboa 340 349 344 345 S45 940 S4i 31 Order VIL-GA:J0U)EI. Sttnionlda AcipeiMer bi-acbyrfayncliiu 330 truumonUnna 3SS acDtirostria 35S medlroatris 3Stt Onler Vlir.— HOLOCTEPHALI. ChlnuDridiB Cbimsra ColUei SdO Order IX.-PLAGIOSTOMI. Suborder L— j£qdau. Scylliodontlde Triakia aemlfasolatea 308 MDsteUd* Uaatelna felia 364 CeatTMiontida Ceatracloa franoiaol 365 Notidanidn Heptanohoa maonlatna 3(17 Sploeoidn Aoaatfalaa SaokUt 368 Sdborderll.- -Rajm. Bblnobfttida Rbioobotiaa prodnctna 370 Tnrpedinidffi Xarclne . oalifomioa 371 Baud* RjOa oooperi 379 Uraptera blnooDlatft 373 UyllobatldJB Bbinoptera TeapertUio 375 Order X-DERMOPTKHI. Baborder MAmroBKAlfCHn ». Ctcuwtoki. PetromyioDtidB FetromTum trideoUtu 377 ciliatna 378 Uridoa 379 plambeaa 380 aatori 380 Ammoootea oibwina 383 Explorations and Sarvejs for a Railroad roate from the MissisBippi River to the Pacific Ocean. | War Department. [ ^^ \ Route near the 33;h and 39th parallels, explored .by Captain J. W. Gunnison, and near the 4lBt | parallel, explored by Lieutenant E. G. Beckwith. | — | Zoological Re- port.* I — I Washington. D.C. | 1857. | =: | 'The report to which the pres- ent article belongs will be found in Vol. II of the series. No. 4. Report on Fishes collected on the Survey. — By Charles Oirard,M.D. — (pp. 21-27, with pi. xxiii, xllx, liv, Ivi, Ixxiii, Ixxv.) Explorations and surveys for a railroad route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. | War Department. | = | Route near the thirty- fifth parallel, explored by Lienteuant A. W. Whipple, Topographical ] Engineers, in 1853 and 1854. | — | Zoological Report. | — | Washington, D. C. I 1859. I == No. 5. Report upon Fishes collected on the Survey. — By C. Qirard, M. D.— pp. (47-59, with pi. iii-vi, ix, x, xxi, xiiT, xxv, xxxv, xlfr, lii, Ivii, Iviii.) Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. I War Department. | — | Routes iu California, tti connect with the routes near tUo thirty-fifth and thirty-second I parallels, explored by Lieut. R. S. Williamson, Corps of Top. Eng., in 1853. | — | Zoological Report. | — { Washington, D. C. | 1859. = No. 4. Report ou Fishes collected on the Survey. — By Cliarlea Gixard, M.D.— (pp. 83-91, with pLii, xii, xxii, xxvii. xxviii, xxxi, xxxvi, xxxviii, xzxix, xlvii.) 32 JI950— On some Dtiusual muduH of gestation in Batracbiaoft and Finbeii. By Je&ies "Wyman. < Am. Joura. Sci. and Arts, (2), v. 27, pp. 5-13, Jan., 1859 ; re- printed < Can. Nat., v. 5, pp. 42-49, 1860 ; Zoologist, v. 18, pp. 7173-7179, 18b0. Ichthyological Notices. By Cliajles Olrard, M. D. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila., 1859. § 5-27, Feb. 22. 1659, v. 10, pp. 56-58, 1859. i ■■Jd-40, Marcli 29, 1859, T. 10, ]>p. 100-104, 1850. i 41-^9, April •^6, 1h59, t. 10, pp. llU-tSit. 1859. § tiO-r7, May 31, 1659, v. 10, pp. 157-161, 1659. [N. 8p. A'eodiniu tatirieu* (§ 5, p. 56), Myriehthyt tiffrinu* ({^ A, p. 58).} tOn new tisbes of the Californian coast. By ^Vm O. Ayros, M. D. Oct. 17, 1859. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 2, pp. 25-32, 1809. [X. Bp. Sebiutesnigrooinctut, Sebastttt hdvoinaetilatut, Sebtutra ehmgattu, AnopLpoma (□.£.) merlatifftu, StereyUpii (□. g.) ffigtu, JSquaUna cali/omiea, Sippoglatnu eal^omieus, J/urcma mordax, OrthagorUexta analU. Julia aemieinettta.] Catalogue of tbo Fisbes in tbe Britisb Museum.. By Albert Qiinther, .... Volume first. London: printed by order of tbe trustees. 18o9. [August] At first only entitled: — Catalogue of tbe Acantbopterygian Fisbos in tbe collection of ibe Dritisb Museum. By Dr. Albert Qimtlier. Volume firat. Gasterost'eidiB, Berycidce, Percidffi, Apfaredoderida), Prist ipomat idle, Mullids, SpariduB. London: printed by order of the Trustees. 18r.9. [General title -|- xzxix, 524 pp.~10«.] 1 860— Salmon Fishery on tbe Sacramento River. By C. A Kirkpatrick. < Hutch- iugs's California Magazine, v. 4, pp. 529-534, June, 1860. t Notes on Fishes previonsly described in tbe Proceedings, with figures of Heven. By V<»- O. Ayres, M. D. July 2, 1860. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 2, pp. 52-59, 1860. [X. g. Hatiaa for Srtmniu* margmatut.] Beitriige zur Kcnntniss der Gobioiden. Von Frans Steindacbaer. (Mit 1 Tafel.) <^SitzungHb. matheoQ.-naturw. Classe [K. Akad. WisHenscb.] Torn 12. Juli 18U0, xlii. Band, No. 23, Sltzuug vom 18. October 1860, pp. 233-292. * Description of new fishes. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Aug. 6, 18(i0. <|Proc. Cal. Acad. Si., v. 2, pp. 60-64, 1860. [N. Bp. TrichodoA lineatiu, Oamerus thaleiehthya, with fi^nrea.] Catalogue of tbe Fishes in tbe British Museum. By Albert Oiinther, .... Volume second. London: printed by order of the trustees. IriOO. [Sept.] At first only entitled: — Catalogue of the Acanthopterygian Fishes in the collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Albert Giintber, .... Volume second. Sqnamipinnes. Cirrhitidae, 'lYiglidee, Tracbinidie, Scisenidce, Polyne- midie, Sphyncnida;, Trichinrida;, Scombridic, Carangidro, Xiphiidie. Lon- don : printed by order of the Trustees. 1860. [General title + xxi, 548 pp. —8*. 6(f.] [Not. loo. NoucraUa dutioT (374). EehtneiM remota (378), CeAen«i« nauerattM <3^). N. sp. Oottaa erivigtr (539), AapidophOToides inennis (524).] Reports of Explorations and Surveys to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, made nnder tbe direction of the Secretary of War, in lt£>3-6, &.^. Vol. X* Washington, 1859. Fishes; by Ch'irles Girard, M.D. Washing- ton, D.C, 18&a [Review, by Theodora Olll.] <Am. Jonro. Sci. and Arts, 2d series, vol. 30, pp. 277-281, Sept. 1860. 33 M 8^0— 36th CoDgretu, 1st Session. \ Senate. ^ Ex. Doc. | = | Reports | of | Exploral ious and Surveys | to | ascertain the siost practicable and economical route for a railroad | from | the | Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Made under the direction of the Secretary of War, in 1853-5, according to act of Couf^ess of llarch 3, 1853, May 31, 1854, and Aaguat 5, 1854. | —Volume XII. | Book II. I Washington: | Thomas H. Foxd. Printer. 1860. Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. | War Department. | = | Route near the forty- seventb and forty-ninth parallels, explored by 1. 1. Stevens, | Governor of Washington Territory, in 185:J-'55. [pp. 9-358, 70 pi.] Zoological report.— Washington, D. C, 1800. [viii, (1), 399 pp., 47 pi.] No. 5.— Report upon the fishes uoUeoted on the survey. — By Dr. O. SnoUey, U. S. A. (pp. 307-368, with pi. i, xi, xv, xvi, xix, xx, xxxii, xxxiti, xlii, xliii, xliv, I, li, Iv, Ix, ixiii, Ixvii, Ixix, Ixxii, Ixxv, vis : Chapter I. Report upon the Salmonidfe. pp. 307-349.) Chapter II. Report upon the Fishes exclusive of tho Salroonidn. pp. 350-368. tN. ap. Salmo Ma$oni <345).l {This Tolame also appeared wl h the following tit)6-pag« and modlflcationa:— j The Natural History of Washington Territory, vith much relating to Miime- aota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oregon and California, between the thirty-Hixth and forty-ninth parallels of Latitude, being those parts of the final Reports on the Survey of the Northern Pacific Railroad Route, containing the Climate and Physical Geography, with full Catalogues and Descriptions of the Plants and Animals collected from 1853 to 1857. By J. O. Cooper, M. D., and Dr. O. Buckley, U. S. A., Naturalists to the Expedition. This edition contains a new preface, giving a sketch of tho explorations, a classified table of con- tents, and the latest additions by tho authors. With fifty-fivo new plates of scenery, botany, and zoology, and an isothermal chart of the route. — New York: BaiIlifereBrother8,440 Broadway, [etc.] 1859. [4° xvii,'^.4-72 + Tiii, 399 pp. ( -f 1-4 pp. betw. 368 and 369), 61 pi., 1 map.] t Descriptions of the Califoruian Atherinidie, with figures of the specie*!. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Oct. 1, 1860. < Proc. Cal. Acad. ScL, v. *J, pp. 73- 77, lyoo. [N'. sp. At't^rinopi'a afinU, Alherinopgii tenuis, with flKiires.] r Descriptions of two now Sciienoids, with figures. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Xov. 5, IrtGO. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 2, pp. 77-81, 1860. [S. fs. and ap. Johniiu no&iZu, 8eriphu$ (n. g.) politus.] t Description of new Califoruiau fishes, with figures. By ^Vm. O. Ayres, M. D. Dec. 3, 1860. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 2, pp. 82-86, April, 186*J. [N. d- and sp. Oamarina (a. fC-) nigricans, Poronotut $imUlimu$.] IMl— Observations on the genus Cottus, and description of two new species (abridged from tho forthcoming report of Capt. J. II. Simpsou), by Theo- dore QilL March 20, 1861. < Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., v. 8, pp. 40-42. April, mil. [K. |[.aad D. ap. Potamocottiu (□. g. 40), PotamoctUtu punetviattu.] Description of a new species of the genas Tigoma of Girani (abridged from the forthcomiug report of Capt. J. H. Simpsou), by Tbeodore Oill. March SO, 18G1. < Proc. Boston Soc.N»t. Hist., v. 8, p. 42, April, 1861. \V. sp. T^^oma tquamaia.] BalL N. M, No. 11 3 34 1801— Notes on tbo described speciea of IIolcoDoti, found on tbo ■western const of North Am<>ricti. Uy Alexander Agaaais. Muruh 120, IbGl. <Pr»c.Bo8-_ ton Soc. Nat. Uist.v.8.pp. 122-134.1861. (Tbo nnoibor of sp«clM ia rodueotl to IS, wbloh Kit) gronpcd under 9 gooero. N. g^ TtgniaU)ca> BmbtotMaUteraUii n.ap. ^ypcrimwofion anoiu,— QelUierdmaril>M.| t Comniiinicatfon on several new gonoiic typos of flebrs, i. e., PodotUecui Huplopagrus, and Stopliauulcpis. By Theodore GIU. April IG, 1861 <Pr(.c. Acod.Nat.Sci.Phila., [v. 13J, pp. 77-78, IR61. (S. g. and sp. PodotSec%u (n. g.).J Rtivisioii of tho K^UMfii of Niirtb Amorioati Scin)utua<). By Ttieodore Ol April 30, 1861. < Proo. AcwI. Nat. Sci. Pbila,. [v. V^], pp.7y-H9. I8B1. [N. g. Jthinoteion (63^ for AnModon Miumut OrcL, OtnyonttnuM (97) for Ltiottomu* I Od the LiostomiDO!. By Theodore GUI April 30» 1861. Bci.Pbiltt.,[v. VA], pp.8U-9:M86l. (Remjirka on LeiogtomyM lintatuM (OS).) < Proo. Acad. Naf SaImonid»of Frazer River, British Colombia. Now Pbilos. Joani..T. 13, p. 104, ItJGl. By C. Brew. < Edinborgl On the HaploiduDotiniu. By Theodore am. May ^,1861. <Proc. Acad. Nat 8ci.Pbila..[v. H]. pp. 100-IUo. H301. [Itemarks oa Amtblodon ntumiu (103).] Notices of Certain New Species of North American Salmonlds, chiefly In the Collection of the N. W. Bonndary Commission, in charge of Arcbibal<! Campbell, Knq., Conimissioucrof Ihv United States, by Dr. C B. R. Kcnncrlyi Naturalist to the CnuitniKHJon. By Oeorge Buckley, M- D., latn Awititaat Sorgnon, U. 8. Army. Rend beforetbo New York t-ycouro of Natural Hiittory,j Jnuo, Irtdl. < Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, v. 7, pp.;UH-:ii:t, ItfGi [X. g. and ap. Salmo Kenner^ (307), Salmo brrvieanda (30ri>. Saimo Warrmi (306). Bairdii (IWii. Saltno Parkti (»»}. Oneorhtmduu (ti. g., 312), Salmo CampbeUl (313).] Notes on sonio genera of fiubcs of tho wostem coast of North America, Bj Theodore GUL Jnly :iO. l^ll. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbilw., [v. 13], pi 164-HJtl, IHHl. [N. g. Atncttp^trm ilW.Archoptites (\tij\, Farrpfi^pjn^ (■<»}. Bvp^j/jtopM {lUi). Sal (Iti'^K AeanthoMivs (160), Plrxtroffrainmtn <inr>j, OmtumatoftlftiniM t Ififl), Ut-jatcfoUHM IIOSJi OUH'^eottw (ICfl), BtmntfmttUi (ICO), Anopt^gonut OCT), ilnwinopAycur (t09», Hji (1ff7).*i1iragonm<l<n).| On new types of Aniostomatoids. fonnd lu Wnsbiupton Ttrritory. By Thee doreOia July 'JO, IBCl. < Proc Acad. Nat. Sol. Phila., [v. i:i], pp. ir>.^-i:t>,,^ 1801. (N. g.iui4 sp. AuUirhjfnehiu (o.|;., 16ti\ /aridiu 11(19). ] On the ^nus Podotbecas. By Theodore Otll. 8ept. '14, 1661. < Proc. Aoi Nat. Sci. Phila.. [v. 13J, pp.ase-^Cl. Sept. 1861. Description of a new generic type of Blennoida. By Theodore OilL Sept 34. lB«I. < Proc. Acad, Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 13], pp. 261-203, SepU 1H61. ly. §. uiltp. AfwHorcAui (a. (., Ml) /wrpwrcMifM (769).] 35 lMl~GiUlogae of the Fishes in the British Mosenm. By Albert GMinthei YolQiue third . London : printed by order of the troBtees. 1H61. [Oct. ] At first only entitled: — Cataloene of the Acanthopterygian Fishes in the Collection of the British Mnsenm. By Z>r. Albert OUnther. Volnnie third. GobiidiB, Discoboli, Oxndercidee, Batrachidce, Pedicalati, BlenniidsB, AcaDthoclinidH), Comephoridte, Trachypteridce, LophotidGe,Tenthidid», Acro- nnridffi, Hoplof:^athid£e, Malacuntbidse, Nandidse, Polycentridie, Labyrin- thici, Laciocephalidse, Atherinidse, Magili^ee, Ophiooephalids, Trichonotidie. Cepolidee, Oobiesocids, Psychrolntidfe, Centriscidie, Fistnlariidce, Masta- eembelidiB, Notacanthi. London: printed by order of the Tmstees. 1861. [Published in Oct. 8^. General title -f xxv, 586 + x» pp.— 10«. 6d.] [N. g. and n. sp. Oi/etopUnu orbit (158), Liparit qfdoput (163), Oentronotiu eritta-gMi (SEO) = AnoplarehuM eristoifaUi (564), PtyehroluUM (n. g.) paradomit (516).] 'Description of a new ichthyio form from the coast of Lower California. By Wm. O. Ayres, M. D. Deo. 1, 1861. < Proc. Cal. Acad. 8oi.f vol. 3, pp. 1&6-158, 1862. [K. ip. Oj/funeion parvipinnit.] Analytical synopsis of the order Sqaali and revleion of the nomenclature of the genera. By Theodore Olll. Dec. 16, 1861. < Ann. Lye. Nat Hist, N. Y., V. 7, pp. 368"-370*+ 371-409, 1862. Bqnaloram generum novomm desoriptiones diagnostics. Theodore Gill, anc- torew Dec. 16, 1861. < Ann. Lye. Nat Hist N. T., t. 8, pp. 409-413, 1863. IMS— Deecription of a new species of Hemilepidotns, and remi^ks on the group (TemnistiEB) of which it is a member. By Theodore Olll. Jan. 28, 1862> < Proc. Acad. Nat. 8ci. Phila., [v. 14], pp. 13-14, 1862. IS. sp. BemiiepidotUM OibMi (13).] On the subfamily of Argentininee. By Theodore Olll. Jan. 2^ 18^.. < Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 14], pp. 14-15, 1862. [N.g. Jfewpu«(U) or Hypomuui (15).] Note on the SciiBnoids of Califomta. By Theodore Olll. Jan.. 38, 1662. <Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 14], pp. 16-18, 1862. [5 •peoies enamerated.] t Notice of fresh water Fishes taken in the Bay of San FtaBcisoo. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Feb. 3, 1862. <Proo. Cal. Acad. Sci., vol.. 2, p. 163, , Sept. 1862. [Sap. specified.] On the limits and arrangeraeut of the family of Scombroids. By Theodore Olll. March 25, 1862. <Proc Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 14], pp. 124-127, 1862. Description of new species of Alepidosauroiile. By Theodore OUl. March 25, 1862. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 14], pp. 127-132, 1862. [N. sp. Alepidotaurut {Gavlopm) ItortatU (UI8), AlfpfdoMuruf {Omdopua) $erra (ItO).] Catalogue of the fishes of Lower California in the Smithsonian Institution, collected by Mr. J. Xautrts. By Theodore OIU. Part I. March 25, 1862. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 14], pp. 140-151, 1862. On a new genus of fishes allied to Aulorhynchns, and on the affinities of the £imily Aulorhynchoidas to which it botongs. By Tlieodore OiU, April 39,^ 1863. < Proc. Aoad. Nat SGi..i;hiIa., [t. 14], pp. 333-361, 1863. 36 1§63— Catalogue of the FiahoB or Lower CalifuniUi, in the Smitbuonian In&tltaUoi collected by Mr. J. Xaatua. By Theodore OiU. Pari 11. April 'i'J, t{ <Pnic. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila., [v. 14]. pp. *l*i-a4«, 1862. CatalogriA of tbu FUhf-it of Lowur Califoniiii, in tho Smithftoniau Inhtical collected by Mr. J. Xuotns. By Theodore Gill Part 111. May 27, < Proc. Acad. Nut. Sci. Pbila., [v. 14], pp. 24!)-*^i2, imi. Notice of aooUuctioQ of tho Fishesof CaliforolaprMentod totbeSmitbaoDiai InstitiUiou by Mr. Samnnl HiibbuM. By Theodore Oill. .Fiinr'24, 1B63.] <rn>c. Acad. NaL Sci. Phila., [v. 11], pp. 'Z74~-2&i, IHr.'i. [N*. g. Madtp. JlKpocTitu!hth)/» (n. K-. ?75r snaJVi (*275l, •Iirach}/Uti^u{a. §., a;s» /rmattu fSn), I^l/perpnmoponAg^uMi^ii('2^Q}. OryMtiuM{u. i;., '377) ^ricfiur (fit'>, ApodUhthya tan^in^UM ^979), *Apoduihth)ft immatu* (*i7<JK Parcphryt Ilubbardii (^t), AUtuta <mt^omiea <^l]. Uoptag*] iodon np. (S8S>.1 Synnpsis of tho Hpoottis of Lophobranchiat«' FIftboa of Weatorn North America.| By Theodore GUI. Juae S4» 1862. <Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila., [v. 14], pp. 2'?a--W4. IB62. [N'-fiBod mii. JJenmUittUthiu {n.e.,3B3) punMipinnU (3d3}. JSjrn^nolAtu dimtdiaUu (1 W4).l Cat»logao of the Piaboa in tho Britieh Museum. By Albert Oiinther, . . V'uliiiiif fotirtb. Loitdou : printed by ontor of the tru<il«X3H. Ir^fi*.^ Also entitled: — Catalogue uf the ArauthopliTygii pharyiigognuthi and] Anacautbini in the coUuotiou of tho British Musenuj. . . ■ Loudon: priutt by onhir of tlm Troato*;ft. 18()2. Lt*^\ General title + xxi, 5:t4 pp.— w«. 6d. [\. up. Ditmua brevipiww (249), PiswroneeUt FrmnUinii (44d), pttmronMtM difframmv (4IS), Pantphryi Ajfreaii {iXt.] Notes .Ml tbofamily of Scombroids. By Theodore OIU. July29,ie62. <Pi Acad. Nat Set. Philn., [t. 14], pp. 32»-:)29. lc^2. Note «u aome geuera of FiohnH of Wewtem North America. By Theodore QUI | July 29, 1WJ2. <Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbila., [v. 14], pp. 3-29-:t;w, im\ ["S.g.tMA ip. £iMyek>froMuf (iuk., 3X1). Caulanhtu {n. (t-. S30), Eamiervtremut (D. g,m|| Bvptifnrio (n. jr.. 330). Lfpiiopsetta in. g., 330), TTi/pJiopvita (n. c.. 3:J0). Orthnpmtta fu i^,] 330), VTvpwUa (U. (t., 330), HydrolaffUM (u.g., 331), Ot/roplevnidnM <ii. |*.,',t3ll. lIvtvrhinMij (□. g.ni), Entotphenus (u-g., 331). A3 ffODem arc ttsteil to bftvo bt-en wdded to tb«CiiU*i forntnn f mti», o)th<*r m ratlrolj new or In autwdCuUou for otlieri errooeoady Jdcotlfle4«] nIdoc th*> iHiblieatloD ofQlrarJ's work.) Oq the claasiOcaliou of the families and genera of the Siiuuli of Califonilt By Theodore OUt Ool. 28. 1*W2. < Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 14]^ pp. 44:t-501. 1862. [S. g. and wp. SMnotrlaeU {a. g . 186) SmSH HM).] t Statofneiit iu regard to Sebaaten ronacciiH and S. ni1»cr. By Wm. O, Ayu M. n. Nov-.l, lflfi2. <ProcCtil. Ap,id.8cl.,v.2,p.307,J.-iinirtiy, IpiOX DeBoription of Fishea believed to be new. By Wm. O. Ayree. M. Nov. :!, 1862. < Proc. Cat Acad. .Sci,, t. 2, pp. 209-211, January. l(*Ua. (N. >p. Br^atU4tt /Uvidm. StbMtodM omKs ] ' Bemarka in relation to tho fiabea of California which are inclnde<) in Ciivl genus Sobaaiee. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. Nor. a, lc*()2. <Proo. Ci Acad. Soi*. V. % pp. 211-21B, January, 1860. 37 1M9— Notices of certain new species of North American Salmonidce, chiefly in the oolleotion of the N. W. Boundary Commission.. By Gtoorge Suokley, H. D. See 1861, Jnne. IMS— The Resources of California, comprising Agricultare^ Mining, Geography, Cli- mate, Commerce, etc., etc. and the past qpd future development of the State. By John S. HltteL — San Francisco : A. Roman & Company. New York : W. J. Middleton. 1663. [12°, xvi, 464 pp.] [Zoology, obap. vi (pp. 140-146); flahing (pp. 313-317).] List of the Fishes seut by the Museum [of Comparative Zoology] to different Institutions, in exohange for othnr specimens, with Annotations. By F. "VT. Patnam. < Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., No. 1, = v. 1, pp. 12-16, March 1, 1863. * Remarks in relation to the genus Notorhynchus. By Wm. O. Ayrea, M. D. March 2, 1863. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 3, p. 15, April, 1863. Catalogue of the Fishes of Lower California, in the Smithsonian Institution, collected by Mr. J. Xantus. By Theodore GUI. Part IV. March 31, 1863. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 80-88, 1863. Descriptions of some new species of Pediculati, and on the classification of the group. By Theodore OiU. March 31, 1863. <Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 88-92, 1863. On an unnamed generic type allied to Sebastes [Sebast-oplus, Qill]. By Theodore GiU. August 25, 1863. <Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 207-209. 1803. [CooUiDfl referenos to Ayrea'a viewt on the CalifomlaQ Sebaitoidi.] * Remarks on ichthy ic types new to the California Coast. By Wm. O. Ayre% M. D. Sept. 7, 1863. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 3, p. 66, Nov. 1863. (X. sp. (tmdoficribed) Scomberesox n. sp., Alopiaa u. ip.] Synopsis of the Pomaceutroids of the Western Coast of North and Central America. By Theodore OiU. Sept. 29, 1863. <Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 213-221, 18G3. Notes on the LabroidH of the Western Coast of North America. By Theodore OiU. Sept. 29, 1863. <Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phils., [v. 15], pp. 221-224. 1863. Synopsis of the North American Gadoid Fishes. By Theodore GUI. Sept. 29, 1863. < Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 229-242, 1863. Descriptions of the genera of Gadoid and Brotuloid Fishes of Western North • America. By Theodore GUI. Sept 29, 1863. < Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Philu. [v. 15], pp. 242-254, 1863. Synopsis of the family of the Lycodoido). By Theodore GUI. Sept 29, 1863. < Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 254-262, 1863. Descriptions of the Gobioid genera of the Western Coast of Temperate North America. By Theodore GUL Sept 29, 1863. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 262-267, 186:t. (N*. g. and dp. CoryphopUrvi (n. g., 20S) glaueo/rasnum (363).] On New Genera and Species of California Fishes. — No. L By J. O. Cooper, M. D. Nov. 3, 1863. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. 3, pp. 70-77, Nov. 186:*. IN. g. and n. sp. Dekaya (n. g.) anomala, Ayrtnia (o. g.) jmncfipinni*. Oreyniu paeifieuf.\ 38 1968 — Notes on tho Sebutoid Fisbiu oocarrtng in the Cout of ColiforDJA. By Wm. O. Ajrrei, M. D., C. M. D. 8. Nov. 10, ia«3. < Proo. Zool. Soo. LondoD — , pp. ;«()-40-2, 1B63. Ou New Oeuora and Species of California Fishon. — No. II. By J. O. Cooper, M. D. Nov. Ifi, 1863. < Pltjo. Cal. Acad. Nat. Soi., v. 3, pp. 93-97, Dec. 1863. [N. ip. Esocat^t* tttl^forniau, CTrolppAiM UalUri.] Deftoription of the geaaii Htereolepis Ayres. By Theodore QDl. Nor. 94,' 1863. < Proo. Aoad. Nat. Sci. Phil*., [v. 15], pp. 3i0-330, 1863. Desoription of the ^enas Oxyjulid Gill. By Theodore Oill. Nov. 34, 1663. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 15], pp. 330-3:U, 1603. # I HA'ft- Catalogue of the Fisboa in the Dritiah Miusoam. By Albert Oiinther, . . . Volume fifth. Loudon : printed by order of the trustees. lc(>4. Also entitled :—Catalof^ne of the PhyaodtoDii, containiog the famlllefl SilDhdfD, Churacinida), Maplochitoaid;e, 3t«ninptychid:e, ScopelidsEi. Slo-: aiiatid», in tho coIlectioD of the Britiah Mubcuui. . . . Luuduu : publisbedj by order of the TnuCeea. 18G4. [8=>. (luoladicggeneral titte)xxJi,4S&pp.]J BeachreiboDg deH HeterodoDtiiii Pbillipil Bl. (Centracioii Ph'rlllpii Cuv.) inlt RUckaicbt anf seine foeelleu Vorwaodteu. Von Jolianuea StriiTer (Gfit- j tiDgen). Dresden, 1864. [4°. 32pp,3pl.l <Verbaodl. k. Leopold-Carol. Akod. der Naturf., v. 31. On new Genera and Species of Califomian Ficihcs. — No. III. By J. G. Cooper; M. D. Jan. 4, 1864. <Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sci., v. 3, pp. 108-114. 1864. [K. g. antl wp. M^ioia (or OUAontU, d. g.) tltgant, BiXHektky* (D.g.) mW^fQi§, Description of a new Lnbroid genus alliod to Trochocopuii, Gthr. By Thoo-j dare GHll. Mar. S», IHiM. < Pn>c. Acnd. Nat. Sci. Phtln., [v. 16], pp. 57-&9, 1B64. [N. g. /SivMlonurtopon (Se>, B^^wtomM* (IW), M>attattm*u <S0).] | Note on the nomenclatnre of Genera and Species of tho family Ecbenoidoidie.j By Theodore OUl. Mar. W. IH64. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. I'hila., tv- 16),1 pp. 69-61, 1864. Critical remarks on the genera Sebnatea and Sebafltodca of Ayrea. By Ttaeo-I doreOlll. May 31,1864. <Proc. Acad. Nat.Sci. Phtla., [v.HS], pp. 14.V147J 1864. [N. fp. Sa6«M<o#miHM pteaViv 1147), Seba4to§omw »imvtan$ {\*1\.\ Second contribution to the Setacbology of Califomiu. By Theodore OULJ May 31, 1864. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.. [v. 16], pp. 147-151, 1864. [V. ap. MuaitUM«aUfnrn(au |14fl). JroUKhvnthH§U»nati» (l.V)^J tSeveral polnta in Ichthyology and Concbology, vix: Peionpitii Iliunmondii, n.sp., Paralepidnida and Alvpidosaaniids, Gyinnotoidfi, and Cumpoloma Ti< Melantho. By Theodore Oill. June 7, ie64. < Pn>c. Actvd. Nat. Phila-, [v. 16], pp. !.-.l-l.^^, I8U4. ( Ayres ia pancttpinnia haieed Cbromis puootipinuiH ytdn Oill. liy X OJ Cooper, M. D. July 18, 1864. < Pruc, Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 3, p. 16U, 1^64. 194IS — y<it« OQ tbo PnralopidoidB and MieroatomatoiilB, nud on some pecuHaritfid of Ar«Uo Ichthyology. By Theodore OiU. 8epL '27, 18»»4. <Proo. AcaJ. KmL Sol. rUilo., [▼. 16], pp. 187-189, 1864. tiyuoiwid of tho Cyclopteroidi of Kwtorn North Amoricn. By Theodore Oil!. Sept. 27, 1864. < Proo. Aoml. Nut. Set. PhiU., [v. 16], pp. 189-1U4, ls*t>4. BjnofMis of the PIvaroDectoids of Callforniiui and North-weeterD Aiotirlca. By Theodore OUL 8ept 37, 1864. < Proo. AoHd. Nat. Sci. Phila., [r. 16], pp. Id4-I<>H, 1864. Deaoription of a new generic type of PleuranectoldB id the Collfiotioo of r!i>* O«ologi0Al Survey of Califoniia. By Theodore GUI. 8ept.d8ti4. < Pkh-. Aosd. Nat. Sci. Phila.. [v. 16], pp. PJO-imi, 1H64. (V. f. and ap. Mstoponopt (n. g., Iflti) Ooofwri (199).] Note ou tho family of Stichnolda. By Theodore OUJ. Sept. 7, li^4. < Proc. Acttd. Not. Soi. Phila., [r. 16], pp.20rt-2ll. 1864. -Note on the family of Myliobatoids, and on a N«w specioa of ^Etobatitt. By Theodore QUI. April 11. 1865. < Add. Lyo. Nat. Hist. New York, v. 8, pp. 135-i:«..May. 1^65. (N. ip. U^liobatii eoli/vrmcu (137). ^tobatit l>iti«ep» <137).| OotbeGenaaCaulolatilas. By Theodore Gill. April 35. 1865. <Proc.Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 17 J, pp. 6d-6fc*, I86f.. Ou the Critiital Chnr^LuteriHtirn of fifldiin [Microg.itliia] proximiiA, Grd. By Theodore GUI. April 25, 1865. < Proc. Acad. Nat. 8ci. Philrt.,[v. 17], p. 60.1865. [H. jc. MtervgoduM,] Note on aeveral Genera of Cyprinoids. By Theodora GUI. April 25, 1865. • < Proc. Acad. Nat. Set Phila., [v. 17 ], pp. 69-70, 1805, Some remarks on Labraa pnloher (Ayros). By Albert GUnther, M.A., M. D., Ph. D. May 30, 1865. < Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., [v. 17], p.77, lr*65. On a new Generic type of .SbarkA. By Theodore GUI Sept. 26, 1865. < Proo. Acad. Not. Sci. Phila., [v. 17], p. 177, 1865. (If. g-iud sp. Mitrisiodua tn. g., 1T7) pvmetahis (177). 1 Hlntoire naturelle dee Poiaaons ou Ivhthyologie gf^n^ralo par Aug. DuzuSrll PrafiaMenr>admiDiNtrat€nr aa Museum d'flistoire Naturvllode Pnrifl. — On- rrage accompag&6 do planchoa. — Tome premier [.] £laau)ob ranches [i. (^.j Plaffioetomes et Holoc6pbalea ou Chim^rea.— Premiere partie [-Srcondo partie]. . . . Poria. Librairio Enoyclop6diquo do Rorct, .... 1865, [Text, 2 p. 1., pp. 1-352; seconde partie, 2 p. 1., pp. 353-720.] [80; atlaa larger 8^, pi. 1-14. pp. 1-8.] VaoooaTor Island and Britinb Colambia. Their TTistory, Reeonrccs, and Proa- peou. Ily Matthew MacQe, F. R. G. S., five years reaideot iu Victoria, V. I. London: Longman, Green, Lougmtn, Boborta, &■ Green, 1865. [8^, xx pp. (inclndtoK hlook leaf and frontispiooo), 1 1.. 574 pp., 2 raape.] Chapter V. Uoneral Reaonreeaof Vancouver'e laland. pp. 131-171. Fiebcriea. pp. 163-171, 40 i960— Catalogue of the Fisbee In the Britmb Museum. By Albert GKinther, Volame alxth. LohiIod: pHDtod by order nf the tni»tfPH. ISliG. AIao entitled: — Catalogne oftho Phyeotttami, roDtnining tbe families Snl- mooidae, Porcopsidie, Galaxidai, Mormyridie, Gymuarcbula', Ksucidfib, Um- bridwj BcoQibreBocidic, CypriaodoutidsD, iu the colleDtiuu of tbe Btitiah Hnaenin. . . . Londau : printed by order of tbe Trnstees. 1866. [S'^ xv,. 368 pp.] [S. sp. 8almo lordii aiaj.l The NaturftlUt ia Vaocoaver Island and Britiab Columbia. By John Eeaat I*ord, F. Z. S., Kutiirulist to ibe Brit)!4b North AitiericiLu Buundiii-y Coiit- DiissioD, [Viguetles.] In tvro volnme«. Vol. I [—II]. London: Uirbnrd Bentley, New BurllDgtou Street, publieher iu ordiaiiry to Her Mi^Jeeity. IriAiti. [2 vols., 1*2". Vol. i, xiv (incl. frontiflp.)? % 358 pp., 6 pL; toL iJ, vii (iticl. &ontiap.), 2, 375 pp., 5 pi.] VoliUDc i. Chapter IL — Victoria — ^Tbe Salmon : ita bannts and habits, pp. tt&-4L Chapter IU. — Fish Harvesting, pp. 02-96. , Chapter IV. — Tbe Round-fjHh. HrrriugB, and Vi\-iparons FlHh. pp. 97-130 Chapter V. — Sticklebacks and their Nesta — The Bnllhead — The Kock* cod— TheChirua— FliUtish. pp. lai-UI. Chapter VI. — Ilalibnt Fbhinp- Dogfish— A trip to Fort Snpert— RanMjm- lag a Slave — A promenade nitb a Ked skin— Bagging a Chiora bead — Qaeen Charlotte's lalaudere ut Naoiamo. pp. 14^-174. Chapter VII. — Sturgeou-npearing — Man-anoker — Clamtt. pp. 175-1^ Volume ii. Appendix. Livt of Fiahea collected in tbo Salt and FroHh Watvra of Vancouver Island and British Columbia, pp. 351-:t5(l. [In tbe Uai are ennmonUod apecioB whicb Almoot c«rlalnlf wcfa Dot "oalleol«il " to Um* vaten lii q^aMUoa.) Hr. W. Peters machte eine Mittbiilnng ilber Fiaohe (ProtoptrrWt .■fH^uoupo, Lahrax, Labraoogloaaa, Xemotoamirig, Afrranun, Seorpis, OjiMht>ffnatJiKS, Swm- frroKur, Acharneii, JnguUta, HijtHnnmarwnn, ('UtUirkintta^ Ophiclitht/Sf Uvlmich- tMjfs). <| Mouut.Kbpricbto d(*r Konigl. Akadeniie der Wiaaeaschaften lu Berlin, 1860, pp. &09-o26, 1 pi. [N. £• vnd ap. Avlitcvpt fa. g., 510) vptecfwiu (SIO>, SeoirhnMox tnrviroKtri* tSSLl),] 1867— On tbe identity of the genua Alepiaauros Lowe with Flagyodua Steller. By i Dr. Albert Ouutber. < Ann. and Mag. Nat. HiKl., (4), v. n\ pp. 1K>-197. On the uouriahmeut of the Helua iu the Kmbiolocod Fisbea. By Jamea Blake, M. D., F. R. C S. Jan. 21, 1867. < Proo. Cal. Acud. Nat. Soi., t. 3, j pp. :n4-3l7, Sept. 18(17. i On tbf org ins of Copulation In tbe Male of the Embiotocoid Fiabra. By Jamea Blake, M. D., F. K. C. 8. Nor. 4, IHOT. < Proc. Cal. Acad. Na\ Sei . v. :i, pp. 'Stl-^r7'2, May, 1868. 111*69— Sonio Recent Additluna to tbe Fitnua of California. By J. O. Cooper, U. IXJ Jan. n, IH68. <l'roc. Cal. Acad. 8oi., v. 4, pp. :V-IA, Nov. \mti. iThe oamber of flsbe* (■ «taUil ((i. :i) to bii tM lu l^Mf, Afftinut 13^ ItDown la IMil NonriMinicnt of lint Fu'lua in Fnibiotoculd Fiabes. By James Blake, M. D<|j Lond., r. U.C. S. < Jonnt Aft »tid Pbyaioh, v. % pp. ^-ti-v?-,' 41 IM&— Oa the anal fin appendafjo of Eiitbiotocnid Fishes. By James Blake, M. D., F. R. C. S., Professor of Obstetrics Id Tolard Medical College, St. Francisco, Califomia. <^ Joam. Anat. and Physiol., t. 3, pp. 30-32, pi. 2, figs. 1 and 2, Nov. 1«68. The Natoral Wealth of CalifornU. Comprising early history ; geography, t<qpc^?raphy, and ecenery ; climate ; ^ricnltare and commercial prodauts ; geology, zoolf^cy, and botany; mineralogy, mines, and mining processes; maanCactares ; steamship lines, railroads, and commerce; immigration, popalation and society ; edacational institations and literature ; together with a detailed description of each coanty ; its topography, scenery, cities and towns, agricaltnral advantages, mineral resonrces, and varied prodac- tioas. By Tltns Fey •ronlse. San Francisco : H. H. Bancroft &. Com- pany. 186S. [8°, xvi, 690 pp.] Chapter VII. Zoology, pp. 434-501. Fishes. [By J. O. Cooper, M. D.] pp. 487-498. Chapter XIII. Miscellaneons Subjects, pp. 668-684. Fisheries, p. 680. [ISw lint of flchea wu evidently prepared by Dr. J. Q. Cooper, altboagh only gep'^ral aekaowledgment for BHlBtanoe w%a rendered in the preface. It was acknowledged by Dr. Cooper, aa antbor, In tbe commnnioation to tbe California Academy of Sciences, indi- cated aboTo. Inaamnch as tbla was intended to be aoomplete ennmeratloD of tbe fishes of Califomia, the names are reproduced here.] BONY PISHES. PerddA Stereolflpia R^KM 487 I Faralabnuc Debulifer 487 9 Atraotopuroa clAtbraU 487 3- ArehoplitM latermptos 487 3* iMOMim CnoloUtUas anomalos 487 4 SeinuiidB Rbinosoion satamns 488 5 Leiostomoa lineatas 488 fi Umbrina nndalata 488 7 Atraotosoton noblle 488 8 Seriphos polituB 488 9 CbAtodonidB Parephippus zonatuB 488 10 Oirella nigricans 488 11 FtND«c«otrid0 Glyphidodon mbicandoB 4H8 13 Cbromis punctipionis 488 13 Xmblocoooida Hystcrooarpus Traskli 489 14 Embiotooa •Tacksonl 489 15 argyrosoma 489 It Teniotoc:^ lateralis m 17 Hypsuros Caryl 480 18 Damalicbtbys vacca 489 19 Pbanerodon f urcata ) 489 SO Cymatogaster aggregatus 489 SI Rhaohocheilus toxotes 489 ss Amphistlohos nrgenteos 480 S3 Holconotna ibodotems 489 24 pulcbeUns 489 25 argentenm 489 2fl arooatom 489 37 punotatara 489 28 Hypocriticlithys anal is 489 29 Brfwbyistins frenatns 480 JO Abeona minima 489 31 I^sbrida Troobooopos palcber •1»9 Zi OiyjuUe modustns 489 3:t CaryphsaUbB Poronotus slmiUimas 4«> 34 SeookbridB Scomber dlogo 469 35 Repeated. 42 IMS- BONT FISHKS-Goiitl&iud. PeUtnys ItneoUto 499 96 Orcyntu pulflotu 480 37 Halatnotu donaUs 490 38 Tnohnnu •ymmetrteiu 490 30 FarmtaMtu boopi 490 40 Aleptdouonu Mm 490 41 Belone nllU 490 41 SpbynaoUbB Sphyrwift argenteft 490 43 Atbeclnlto CblnwtoDU wUfornleiuls 490 44 affinia 490 45 tanoU 490 4« ExoocBtida SxoocBtiu oaliforniona 490 47 Chlrlda Chtnu oouteUatu 401 48 Vtotm 49t 49 gatUtos 491 50 AoutholeUtui nebnlona 491 SI Oplopoma putherlna 491 s> Anoploponu mwUngQa 491 S3 OMtonMtaldM OMtanwtou •enrntna 491 54 pleUoa 491 as mloToaqphaloa 491 58 WUUunaooll 401 57 8B«pMilda» Soorpmui gattato 401 38 SobMtot nigrodnotoa 491 SO Sftbaloaaa 491 80 atuicalaioa 491 81 raber 491 89 ooellatna 491 63 elongatoa 491 64 paqeisplnis 491 65 OTftUa 491 68 fiATldaa 491 8T melanopa 491 88 roaaoeiia 491 69 Triohodon IliiMtna 4D1 70 Bl«p«i» trUobuf 491 71 OotUds Oottopds gnloaua 493 7S pwnu 493 73 Leptooottaa armataa 493 74 OUgooofetu nuMsnloaiia 403 75 anaHa 499 78 Klobloepa 493 77 Lolooottoa hinindo 499 78 SoorpBDlohthy* marmoratoa 493 70 Aaploottu ■ biaon 493 80 Hrnnflnpldotoa aplnoaoa 493 81 GibbaU 493 83 notoapUotna 49S 83 CalyfiUepldotn* lateralia 493 84 Blesnlto Anurlohtby* ooellataa 493 85 Xlphldton mncxMoin 493 86 Lumpmiu angnUlarla 493 87 Apodlobthys flaTidna 403 88 Gebedlohthys ori«ta|:am 403 80 Tlolaoena 493 90 OniineUiu oniatna 493 91 Blennlds Blennhu geotiUa 403 93 N«O0lilRU Blanohardl 493 B3 Ptorognftthos aatlrlcoa 499 94 HeteroitiohiM roatratoa 493 95 Olbboula elagana 493 M BatraoMto Forlflhthya aotetoa 493 97 OobtdB Lepidogobiu fiadUa 40S 08 43 BOKY FISHES-^^mttnned. Eneycti^obias nevberrU 493 99 OUUehUiTS mlnblUa 499 100 OyolaptericbB Gaoluohaa ntJoDUtaa 403 101 Lipvia palobeUoa 493 103 maooaaa 493 103 PtonsxaMOttdiB Htppoglouaa oalifmmioiia 493 104 Tulgaria 493 108 FUdehthys atflllatna 493 106 Parophya. Tetalns 493 107 Faropbrya t Ayreaii 493 loe PUteaaat blllneaU 493 109 ParallohthyB maonloaoa 493 110 PlearoDlohthya ooBDoana 493 Ul HobbwdU 493 lis Hyp«ipMtU gnttaUU 493 113 Paettiohtbya mebuoatlotaa 493 m aordidoa 493 115 Uetoponopa oooperl 493 llfi OmOMm Merlaolaa prodnotaa 493 117 Broamopbyola marglnataa 493 118 Oadoa proximaa 493 no Ammodytea perannatna 493 120 Ophldlldai OpbltUon Taylori 493 lai SalmoiiidK Salmo qatnnat 494 13S Soonlerl 494 183 MaaoDt 494 104 ateUatOB 494 195 Irldea 494 196 Coregoniia Willlymaontl 494 197 Hypomeans pretionas 494 ISS OBmerna tbalpicbthya 404 139 Soopelida Synodoa Ineiooepa 495 130 Clopotd* oallfornlca 495 131 Clnpea mirabUU 495 139 Ueletto cenilea 495 133 Eognwilia mordax 495 134 deUcailsalmaa 495 135 . compreaatu 495 136 nanna 495 137 CyprlDodontidM CypriQodon oaUfornieusiB 495 13(9 Fandalna parrlpinoia 495 139 ! 495 140 Morsalda UonBoa mordax 495 141 Ophidlnnw californfeoala 495 143 CTprinidn Oatoatomas ocoldentalta 495 143 btbiatoa 495 144 Aoomoa geoerosust 495 145 Mylopbarodoa roboataa 498 146 oo&ooepbtlna 496 147 MylonhAUiu fratercalaa 496 148 Ptyohocbailoa grondia 496 149 ladaa 496 150 npax 496 151 GOft robaata 496 159 elegana 496 153 Loxllna oocidenUUa 496 154 Tlgoma oonformla 496 155 croasa 49G 156 Siboma eraaaicaada 496 157 Ortbndon mlcrolepidotaa 496 158 Algaoaea fonooaa 496 159 Lavinla exiltcaada 4!W 160 hanngiu 496 101 44 18M- BONY FI3H£S-Contliined. FoKooichthya iDieqaUobas 496 1G3 symraetrlons 4INI 163 ai^yraiosaa 498 IM OAETILAOINOTTS FISHES.* Orthagorlsons analia 497 163 OMtrophysQB poHtaa 497 ICO ' Hippocuapas iogena 497 107 SjDgDKthuS californiensls 497 108 grlseoltneatna 497 169 leptorhynchaa 497 170 illmidiataa 497 171 arandioaoena 497 173 Dennatoatetlina panctipinniB 497 173 AnUoeat brachyrhynobna 497 174 aouUroetiia 497 175 mediroetrla 497 176 Hydndagus GoUiei 497 177 Notorhynohoa maonlatna 498 176 laoplaKiodoD Henlei 498 179 Triacis aemifaaoiatas 498 180 Gyroplearodaa Franclecl 498 181 SnakUl 496 183 Sphyra malleas 498 183 Aloptas vulpes 498 184 Bhina califoruica 496 185 BhlDobataa prodnotDB 498 186 BhiDoptera TeapertUlo 498 187 Urapt«ra binoonlaU 498 188 Torpedo oaUfornica 498 189 Urolophaa Halleri 498 190 Pteroplatea marmorata 498 191 Trynon 1 496 193 Lampetra plambea 498 193 EntoaphenoB eplfaexodon 498 194 oiliatUB 498 195 Branchloatoma f 498 196 1868 — Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Mnseam. By Albert GKinther, . . . Volnme seventh. — Londun : priDted by order of the trnstees. 1868. Also entitled :— Catalogne of the Pbysostomi, containing the families Hete- ropygii, Cyprinidee, QoDorhyncbidte, Hyodontidse, Osteoglossidtef Clapeidte, Chirooentridffij Alepocephalides, Notopteridse^ Halosanridffi, in the collection of the British Museum. . . . Loudon : printed by order of the Trustees. 1868. [80, XX, 612 pp.] 18YO — Alaska and Its Resources. By WUliam H. Dall, Director of the Scientific Corps of the late Western Union Telegraph Expedition. Boston : Lee and Shepard. 1870. [8°, xii, 628 pp, 15 pi., 1 map.] Part IL Chapter VI. Fisheries, For Trade, and other reeonroea not previoosly mentioned, pp. 481-505. Appendix. Appendix G. Natural History, pp. 576-594. List of the fishes of Alaska, p. 579. Marine Fishes, p. 579. IVesh-water fishes of the Yukon, p. 579. (The list U very Imporfeot.] * No fkmlUea we reoognlaed among tho so-called eartUaglDoiu flahea. These are indicated by tba prcaent writer by tbe Uoea In the Ikmily cqIohid. t*t«-u •btng. [By John C. Cremony.] F«b. 1H70. < Overland Monthly, v. A, Tb« Pfteifio Coast Cod-flBbory. [ByCapt. C. M. Scanunon.] < Overlaud Montbly, t. i, pp. 131^40, May, L670. Cat«lo|;ne or PislK^ in tho British Muse^um. By Albert Ounther, . . . Voloait; ei;;blti. Loudon: priuted by order of tUo trustees. 1h70. AbHioHtitlod:— Cnhilo}>iio(if ibe Ptiyaustutni, euutuiuing tbo fa,rniUe«Gym- noSld^ SymbrauchidaL', Miir.'cnid.t*, Pcg:islda\ and of tho [nrdera] t^jpbo- bmnebii, FIvoto^^Datbi, [tMid subchiMsi-s] Dipnoi, UaQoidc]fChotidropttiryj;ii, CyclmtooiutA, I^pt4irAr<lii, ill tbe Britinb MuNeiiiu. . . . London: printod by order of tho TrohU***. \i<JO, [«=, ixv, ;M9 pp.] [Spw omw u> <:oiMt :— QaU%u tanU (379>. X. {. I<klhifOtnytift\ (SOfl). ) Ober oinit{<i Plviironcctidcn, Salmonlden, G.idoldeu nnd Blunniidon ant der Dvi..)tMtr)»-I$»y mid von Viti-Luvu. Von Franz Btelndachner iind w«?il. Prof. In. Rudolph Ener. < Sitzb. K. Akad. \ViHhen»rti., H. (U, Abtb. \, pp. Wl-447, pi. I, IfiTO. [T «p«elc« ulAiiUHed «fl commcn to PecMtriv Bay and Um American oout ) Hlstoirvi natnrtdlo dcM Pniwonn ou Iobthyo1o};io g(^n<5ralti par Aug. Dum6rii [, j Mrrobn^derinitUtut [,] protmsenr-adniiuiittratcnrau Mns^^nm d'Histoirc Na- tiir«llo d«> Paris, —Ou^Tage aocoaipaj;n6 de planches. — Touio dvcoud [.] G»- DoldeH. Dipui^. L')pbobranch('^ 1870. — Puris [,J Librairie Ency- Hop^liqnn iln t^irot !«7n. [4 jniu.— Text. (^^ap. l.,G*24 pp.; Atlas, laf]ger b^ pL 1S-3I>, pp. %-\% with half title.] I7i— TbeP(xxlKiobe»ur AlaakA. By WUliam Healy Dall. <Bop.Coinm.Aj^o., 1870. pp.3^-:KI3, li^I. Ht ■pweJuiapwrifloil; uobrw »peoimdeMtribt>d*) I BMUrka on thn mode of attack of the Tbraithur Shark. By Ooorge Davld- Joly n, I^Cd. < Proc Cal. Acad. Sci., v. 4, p. PJ7, April, 1k;| l%Tt— Noilccof an apparently new marine animal from, the Northt^m Paotfic. By P. !». BcUter, M. A.. Ph. D., K. R.8., Secretary of the Zoological Society of LoniUiii. < \W\t. AiA meeting Brit. Aatfoo. Adv. Se., Aug. l.*73, Tr. Sec, pp. KoCiee of a «np[MMKl uvvr marine animal from Waflhingt^m Territory, nortb- waat America, [By P. L. Sclater.] < Nattire, v. i. p. X'M\ Sept. *2fi, 1872. (Th' I w animal wni reprcarnti^d by "ncvoml »i>p<ilmi>nf« which nt flmi al^itit !»• liiog ihin pr«lo4l irhlC« iTlllnw-wanil moro tlmn nttythlng e\w" Mr. •• (W-i tti*tjui0«, " wna locltDed tu rugord tlii<niaM iioanlbly baaea uf oue itntM flBBuU«l!*>'*.*' *bd «f)f>r'Wftnlft(wben be hod been told what iht* y vrvrt t> "an tbo hardened ! sf a brw tn'jcinleed flftb." They wem, in tmtli, thn axint nkrletnnn nf PcnnntnUd •Mfltyuan! Dbor alnn nflU"* Oattntig von Fiwhen aofl der Familie der Oataphmeti Ctiv., SeofnkrDcoCluH Haluiouena, ronder VauconversInHcl. Von VT. C. H. Peters. < MimaUb. K. Preaaa. Akad. WinMnwh. Berlin, pp. 5(tf<-570, li^r72. till* Couimiiwionera of Fiaberiea of the Stato of California for tb« ami 1471. Bftcrameoto: T. A. Bpriugor, Stat« printer. 1@79. ,.t;*v u4 pp-l 979— Arrangement of tlii> familiea of FittheA, or olasMs Pisoefi, MarBipnbrancliii, ond XA'ptocanlii. Prepflrotl for tbo Smithsonian lostituttop. By Theodore GUI, M. 1)., Vh. D. Wasliinifton: puMishtMl by thu SmitliAouiuu lustita- tion. November, 1S72. (Smithsouiau MiBcullauoousCollectioDB. S47.) [d'-, x\v\, 49 pp.] 42d Congruaa, 24 sesatou. ] Souato. | Ex. Don. No. 34. | Metuuigo \ from the t Pretddeot of the Uuitcd States, | oommiiDioatinj;, | in oonipUanee ivith a resolution of the 19tb of January', 18(tl>, information | in relation to the rusuurces ami eiteut of the flahing-gruuntls of the North | PaciHa Ocnim, opened to the United States by the treaty of Aloika. [Washington: Gov- ernmont Printing Office. IH72.— 8°, 85 pp.] On p. *2 entlihMl " Tha Finheriaa and Fiahennen of the North Pacific." By Riobord D. Cutta. Preliminary Iteport of the United States Geological Snrvoy of Wyoming, and portioim of Duntigaons Territories, (being a second [really fnurtbj annual report of progreaa,) conducted under authority of the Secretary of tbe In- terior, by F. V. Hayden, United States Geologist. — Waahiogton:' Qoreru* ment Printing Office. loTi. [U°,511 pp.] Part IV. Spt^oial Keporte, VII. On th*) Fishes of the Tertiary Bhales of Qreen River, Wyoming Territory. By Prof. B. 0. Cope. pp. 425-131. VIII. Recent Kept ili« aud Fiahee. Fieport ou the Reptiles and FMsbee, obtained by tbe Naturalists of the Expedition. By B. D. Cope, A. M. pp. 438-442. PreUmluary Report of tho United States Genlogical Snrvey of Montana, and portions of adjacent Territories; beiqg a fifth annual report of progreai. By F. V. Hayden, Unitwl States Geolugrxt.— Conducted under authority d tbe Secretary of the Interior. — Washington: Government Printing Oraoo. 1872. [6°, i-vi, 3-;>3B pp. (with 64 fig. ). 2 pi., & maps folded.] Part IV. Zoology and Botany. VI. Re]>ort on the Recent Reptiles and Fishes of the Survey, collected by Campbell Carrlngton and C. M. Dawes. By B. D. Cope, A, M. pp. 467-476. 1873— A contribution to tbe Ichthyology of Alaska. By B. D. Cope. Jan. 17, lHt73. <Proc. Am. Phil. Soo. PhUa., v. 13, pp. 24-:W, ItfJIi. [liistras, Marrh 11, 1873.] [17 Hpedrtl «DaiDent«d : n. ap. Salmn tudtv. UpraUJlauU^ bryojwru*, XipkUtium entorevm, CentroitotutUrtuM. vltints balioM, ChinuianiinatuM,Chirwitrii/ratnmttM, AmmoHytfmuUucantu, €aduM peristtqnu, Oiuiui auratut. Sathymtuter n'^nctliu, i'Uuronect«4 artuatut.] Note on tbe Scombrocottos salmoneus of P«ters, and its identity with Anoplfv poma fimbria. By Theodore aill. M. D. March 17, 1873. < Prnc. Cal. Acad. Sot., V. C). pp. .V>-G7.1r^3 (April); rcpriuud. < Ann. and Mag. Nat, Hist., (4), r. 12, pp 74-75, Sept. 1873. *The first shad (Alanna pravAtabilis DeKay) oaaght in thK waters of Calif >r- nia. By S. R Throckmorton. May 6, 1873. < Proc. Col. Acad. ScL, v. fi, p.85, May, 1-73. *On tbe iutroddotion of exotio Food Flshee into the waters of California. Df S. R. Throckmorton. May 5, 1873. < Proc. Cal. Acad. 8oi., v. G. pp. 8tU 88, May, Irs73. Uoitetl States Comuiiasion of Fish and Fisheries. — Part I. — Report on tbe ooodition of the sea-fisheries of tlie south coast of New Rnglaml in t>f7t utul 1872. By Spencer F. Balrd, Cumin iaiioner. — With siippleuieutary papm. — Washington : Guvcrninent Printing Offieo. 1873. [6^, xlvii. 853 pp.. 10 pi., with 3d 1. explanatory (to pi, 1-38), 1 folded map,] 47 tS73- Notes on Liparis and Cyclopt(;riis. By F. W. Putnam. Angnst, 1873. <[ Pro- cee<linga of the Americau Adsuciatiun for the Advancement of Scionco, vol. 22, B. pp. 3.35-340, Jane, 1874. 1S78 — Aauual Rcconl of Scieueo and Industry' for 1872. Edited by Spencer F. Baird, with the atwistauce of eminent men of science.— New York: Har- per & Brothers, Publishers, Franklin Square. 1873. [12°.] I. Pisciculture and the Fisheries. Fish Caltiire in Calilbniia, pp. 407, 408. Report of California Fish ConimisHiouers, p. 408, 409. Stocking California waters with Trout, p. 409. Transporting Black Bass to California, p. 409. Transferring Shad to the Sacramento River, p. 430. Stocking California with Shad, p. 430. Oil-works on Uualosclika, p. 436. Spawning of Cod-iish in Alaska, jt, 4*iG. Cod-tishiug in the tihumagin Islands, p. 436. Salmon Fisheries in the Columbia River, p. 440, Capture of Sacramento Salmon with the Hook, p. 441. Fisheries of the Shuniagiu Islands, p. 444. Peculiarities of Reproduction of California Salmon, pp. 445, 446. Alleged Discovery of Young Shod in the Sacramento River, p. 447. Report ou the Prybilov (iroup or Seal Islands of Alaska. By Heniy W. BUiott, Assistant Agent Treasury Department. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1873. [4to, HJi folios, not paged, with text parallel with back, and extending from bottom to top, 50 phot, pi.] Chapter VIII. Fisli and Fisheries. See. also. Ifr75. S71— * Note on Snbterianean Fishes in California. By A. W. Chase. <^Am., Journ. Se. and Arts (3), v. 7, p. 74, Jan., 1874; Forest and Stream, v, 2, p. 70, March 12, 1874. t On the edible (pntlitie.H of the SfVJramenfo Salmon. By Livingston Stono. <F<)rest and Stream, v. 1, p. 331, Jan. 1, 1874. Preparing .Salmon ou the Columbia Rivef. IJy Charles Nordhoff. <F<»r- est and Stream, v. 1, \>. 307, Jan. 29, 1874. (From Harper's Now Monthly Magazine.) Salmun-fwhing on the Novarro. [By Thomas Bennett.] <Overland Monthly, V. 12, pp. 1 10-124, Feb., 1874 ; Forest and Stream, v. 2, p. 29, Feb. 19, 1874. Is the Yellow Perch ( Pirca Jiaresccn^) a good iish to introduce into California t [By Livingston Stone] < Forest and Stwam, v.2,p. H4, March 19,1874. On the Plagopterinjp and the Ichthyology of Utah. By Edw^arcl D. Cope, A. M. Road before the American Philosophical Society, Mareli 20, 1874. <Proc. Am. Phil. Soe. Phila., v. 14. pp. 120-139, 1874. (y. (J. nnil n. «p. riagoptfrvs (n. g., 130), arffmti«nmu4 (130), Lepidnmtda (n. jr., 131), Lepidanieda Httata (131), Lepidojneda jarrovii (lo2), Clinoitumiu Uimia (133). lihinuh- thyi henskarii (133). nyboptU timpanogmai* (134), Minomut plafyrhynchu* (131), Mino- mus Jarrorii (13j), Ceratichthy* ventrieontM (130). MyUtUucMa parovanut (136), Clino»iomu$ phleqtthontit (137). Vranidea vheeleri (138).) Gi^ograpliieal and Gecdogieal Explorations and surveys west of the 100th Meridian. First Lieutenant G. M. WTiccler, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A., in charge. On the Plagopterina^ and the Ichthyology of Uta,h. By Bdward D. Cope, A. M.— Reprinted from the ProceotUnirs of American Philosophical S«»- ciety of Phila. Philadelphia: McCalla & Stavely, Pis., 237-9 Dock street. 1874. [80, 14 pp.] 48 18Y4 — The IntroductioD of Eostcru Fish luto the wateisof tho Pacific Slope, U^ether with an account of operations at the United States Salmon breeding Es- tablishment on the McCloud River, California. [By Idvingston Stone.] < Forest and Stream, v. 2, pp. 100-102, March 2(3,1874 (5i c.)- On the Speckled Troat of Utah Lake. — Salmo virginalis, Oirard. By Dr. H. C. Yarrow, U. S. A. < Am. Sportsman, v. 4, pp. 08, 69, May 2, 1874. Shad in California. [By S. R. Throckmorton.] < Forest and Stream, v. 3, p. 229, May 21. 1874. California Salmon[: its rapidity of growth. By Iiivingston Stona.] < Forest and Stream, v. 2, p. 260, June 4, 1874. Sports in California.— No. II.— Tront Bshiug at Humboldt Bay. [By Mon- mouth.] < Forest and Stream, v. 2, pp. 273, 274 (5 c), June 11,1874. Will the Colnmbia Salmon take the fiyf [Anon.] <Am. Sportsman, t. 4, p. 166, June 13, 1874. The Salmon Fisheries of Oregon. [By A. ] < Forest and Stream, y. 2, p. 290, June 18. 1874. Sacramento Salmon vs. Eastern Salmon. [By Livingston Stone.]* <Am. Sportsman, v. 14, p. 198, June 27, 1874. On the use of Giant Powder (Dynamite) for obtaining Specimens of Fish at Sea. By A. W. Cbaae, U. 8. Coast Survey. Jnly 6, 1874. < Proc. Cal. Acad.Sci., v. 5, pp. 334-337, Dec, 1874. Ichthyic Fao^a of Northwestern America. [By Mortimer Kerry, pwndon, J. M. MCBPIIY.] < Forest and Stream, v. 2, pp. 356, 357 (i col.), July 16, 1874. The Salraonidffi of the Pacific. [By Mortimer Kerry, paeudon, J. M. Mur- phy. ] < Forest and Stream, v. 2, pp. 369, 370 (6 c. ), July 23, 1874, Salmo Quinnat and Salmo Salar. [By Charles Q. Atkina] < Forest and Stream, v.2,pp.388,:J89 (2 c), July 30, 1874. Eastern Fish in California. What they are and what was done with them. [From " Sacramento Record,"] <| Am. Sportsman, v. 4, p. 358, Sept. 5, 1874. Oregon Salmon Fisheries. [From "Portland Oregoniau."] <^ Am. Sportsman, V. 4. p. a7r^, Sept. 12,1874. United States Fish Hatching in California. [Editorial.] <^Forest and Stream, v. 3, p. 84 (3 col.), Sept. 17,1874. Salmon Fisheries on the Columbia. <^Am. Sportsman, v. 4, p. 412, Sept. 26, 1874. The Salmon Fisheries of Oregon. < Forest and Stream, v. 3, pp. 155, 174, Oct. 15, 22, 1874. Annual Record of Science and Industry for 1873. Edited by Spencer F. Batrd, with the assistance of eminent men of scieuce. — New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, Franklin Square. 1874. [12°.] Shipments eastward of California Salmon, p. 433. . Shad in the Sacramento River, p. 449. Shod in California waters, p. 449. Pacific Cod-fisheries of 1873, p. 458. Taking California Salmon with the Hook, p. 4ti4. Revision des esp^oes da groupc des fipinoefaes. Par M. B. B. Banrafa* <N<mT. Arch. Hns. d'Hist. Nat., 1. 10. pp. 5-33, pi. 1, 1874. 1974— RiTOCtof the Commi^nnere of FiahvriM of the Slate of California for the yea»» 1W2 and ler73.— San Francisco: Francis &. Valeulinc, printers and «0fl*vi:jcm, 617 Clay stTvtit ; li^4. [8^,3^ pp.] TttitMl 8tot«a CoiumiMtion of Fish niid Fisheries. Part 11, — Report of the CammbKicmpr for lH7*i au«l I'lTS. A— Intjairj' into the (I*M!reaReaf thr Food- FUbc*. R — Tlio pri>pa^'.iriou of Fo^Mi-Fishes in the \vatcrt} of the Fiiitrd 8Ul<«L With iupplenofntary pupBrd. Washington: (lovemment FriultJig Oflke, 1974. [cP.fi p. I., cii, (1), HO^ pp., 38 pi., 3 raapi* folded.] Report of the CommieainniT. pp. i-xi<ii, Ai»peudix B. — The Salmon and the Trout, (spticioii of Salmo). pp. 89-:V!!4. Ut.* — On tbu North Americiinspeciefl of Httlnion and Trout. By George Suokiey, i*nrgeon. United Stiitfs Army. (Written in |H(il.)' pp. 91-100. VI. — Report, of oporations dnring 1872 at tho United Rtates Salmon- Hnlrhing Eatnldishnirnt im the MX'lond River, and on th» Cnliromiu Sahnnni<ta> generally; with a list of siwrimeoH (Collected. By I*iv- ingston atone, pp. }08-'J13. XJI— On the Sperltlnd Tront of Utah Lftlce, 8alDio virgiiialut, Ginird By Dr. H. C. Tarrow, U. 8. A. Letc.]. pp. 3f.:t-:M',H. XIII. — MlsoellancoUH notoa and corroHpon deuce relative to Salmon oitd Tront, (pp. :J«>-;ffU), viz:— D — On the cililile itualities of tho Sacramento Salmon. Throckmorton. 1 pp. 373-:t74. E — On Ibe Sa I niuu-Fiahcrioa of the Saorauiouto River. stoii Stone, j pp. 374-37!!. -AalmoTi-hat^htni on ML*Cloud River. [By Wm. Kt Turner.] Moutlily. V. 14, pp. 7!»-d&, Jfin. \f^i>. fcode btdriift til unnlink Ichthyo^riiiiliie.— I. Foreloliim* Med<Ielfl>M>rnin nor- Aiakf Ulkefake. Af Dr. Chr. Liitken. (Meddelt den :nte MiirtK og iVMn lf>7G.) <VidunAkal>eUg«fru den NjiturhlHtoriskf? Foreniug KJobenhavn, l«W;, pp. 35a-38«; Fr. tranH., pp. 7'^-i)'*, 187H. IciithyologiitcJic UoitrI);e (II). Von Frans Steindachner. 129. April IH75. <eilAb. K. Akad. \Vis«M)t*eh., B. 71, Abth. i, pp. 443-4K», ie7&. (III). Von Prana Stelndachner. 17. Jiiui 1H75. -'.nsf h., B. 7ii, Altth. i. pp. *->*»-;«;, 1K7.V ir« |iiifliriil.'Lrixtul: D. ■]). XtniehthyM ealifurniwiuiiM, ScarpiM ealifor- ^itr*. >iii. fHi'liOnu fnti/omifnsia, AihrriiiofiM Q. ff. or n- ■■ g- >Ari!iro'<)"|t>^ DiHlfplMa of a V**w Species of Trout lix>m Mendocino County. [Typical ■pv^MMfn in lb<' collection of L'alifuruia Academy of Natural Sciences. ] By W. R Oibboaa, AtaniMla. June 22, IW-'j. <Proc. Cul. Acad. Sei.. v. 6, pp. 11^141. Finhplantini;. [Sif^nod B. J. Hooper.] <Forc«t and Stream, v. ■ . ,.,. ill, 30, Aiif*. 19, 1875. [Signed *'Wamm."] < Forest and Stream, v. G» [By S. R. By LiviDg- <^Ovci'IumI [Signed B, J. Booper.] < Forest and Stream, rr'**Ttmp in Colorailo. ■ ig. at;, iflTS. I : ih n( the l*ari6c. T. &, p. X, AnK. ^ 1975. J!ttl»uci Fiwbini; ictit and weat — How they tulte Ihein in Cnlifornia. [Siipied D DuniLl <^ Forest and Stn>am, v. o, p. 3tf, Au>»- '^'u 1*^-''. thOMtitli tb** roliiiao and not RubardiantMl tu the pu-ta. II 4 ■ 50 1875— California Salmon. Wl»en to tAk« thorn with n fly. [Signed "PodKew.* < Forvel And Stream, v. 5, pp. W, 54, Sept. a, ll:<7&. Soliuoii St'opes fnjHi tin.' McCIoml River, [By Sir Rose Price.] <Forefll an^ Stream, v. f>, p. 54, Sept. 2. 1875. Fiahiug in Montana. [Signed A. B. Keelor ] < ForeM and Stream, v. 5, M, Sept. 2. 1^75. The Spookled Beaatiofi ISaltna fontinaUii'\ in Colorado. [From **Dcav( News."] <Rod and Gun, v. 6, p. 'MS, Sept. $, 1875. IMvhing in tbe McCIoud Riror. [By Sir Rose Price.] <RodAudOun, c,p.aJ2.s«pt. n, 1S7G. Carp in Califoruia. [By H. J. Hooper.] < Forei^t and Slream^ v. 5, p. Ill Sept. :J0, 1875. Califoruia AngUug. [Dy E. J. Hooper.] < Forest and Stroomf r. 5, p. K Oct. 7,1875. FloraaiidFannaof Cftlifnmia. [By VT.M. Hinckley.] < Forwrt and Str« v.S.p. 146, Oct. 14, lts75. Lake Taboo, Cal. It* Snenev^ and Tront Fisbing. [By B. J. Hooper.] <Por««t and Strpam, v. 5, p. 151, Oct. 14, 1875. ' ShipniFntA of California Salmon oggs, [By Livingston Stone.] < Foi and Stream, v. 5, p. 179. Oct. 28, 1875. Sea andliay Fishing in Uallfornia. — Woudt-reof th«decp. [By E. J. Hooper. < Forest nud Stream, v. 5, pp. lOT, lU^, Nov. 4, 1875. Illegal tralHc in Salmon. < Forvst and Stream, t. 5, p. 217, Nov. 11, It [Froui San /'i-UMCiwo Ihii/y Evminff /*»«(.] ProgretM of Ft«li-i.-nlture in California, [by S. J. Hooper.] <^ Forest an Stream, v.S.jrp. 19.— 227, How 18, 1875. The Oregon Salmon FinlmrieB. [^non.] <ForoBt and Struam, T.d, p. Nov. 18, 1875. Comparative sixo of Tmnt in Europe and America. [By B. C. C. i Clarke.] <Fort*at and Stream, v. 5, p. 2:10, Nov. 1h. iK7r>. On what du Salmoti Feodt [F^diloriul fmni E. J. Hooper's obftervationa,] <rorv»t and Slrenm, v,5,p.2at), Per. 9, 1875, Difltribntion of CaUfomia Ova. <^ Forest and Stream, v. 5, p. 231, Doc. II 1675. lohtbyoIogiBcbe Ueilra)«c (IV). Yon Franz Stelndacbner. l'>. Decemboi 1875. <8itba. K. Akoil. Wiw*cu8ch., B 7-', Ablli. i, pp. &51-*>l(i, I'^.V [S WMt-ooavt qxwtw 'kwrlbed.] Tmckoe River Trout. [.-InoH.] <Forr»t. and Stream, v.S.p.aoe, Dec. 23, I* What do Salmon oatf [By R. Tallant.] <[Fore«t and Stream, v. 5, p.i Doc 2.1, 1875. Annual Rrrord of Sri^nce and Imlustry for 1874. Edited by Spencer Baird. with tht» asHistanre of emiuont men of wionce. — New York: llnrpt &. Brothers. Fnbliuhers. Frnnklin S(|nRpe. 1875. [12^.] J. Pi"*cicultiiiv and tbfl Fisherips, pp. 419-128. Aliuikii Cod-linherips in l87;i. p. 424. Storking a i>ond in Utah with Eela. 'p. 428. Deetruotion of Fiah on tbo Orogon ooeet with nitro-glycertne, |i.1 51 ■k re>yart on lli« conrlition nf uETuirH in thp Territory of Aln«ka. By Henry W- BQlott. «,' -lit t>f the Trv»»ury Oopartmont.— Waahiiigtou : C^ovuru- Cbnptor \ 111. — l-'iahuml ristH'rics. The riflhenenof Aliwkn. pp. 165-107. tThuiaf^MM^uMall} uMn-oJ txlttluit nf llierrport of Mr. EUioU^ pnliUiiliotl Ui IHTS. | Deiuinm«ot of the lDt«rior. — Bulletin uf Tliu Unitt'd Stat**« (ieoloj^ical anil Gco^nipbicBl Survey uf thti Tomt^rioB, F. V. Hnydou, United StatcD ljn>ln;fi!it-LM-Ch^r^o. 1HT4 itad 1875. Vol 1. — Wushiugt^ii: .Oovumment 1 ortSce. IrfTa. [?-', xiii pp.-i-lW pp. +77 pp. +499 pp.+19 U. un- i |>l.. 'A lUApR, 1 WtXMlcilt.J H -Ivpattvl TtnlWinn Von. 1. 2. " Flrat S<t1c«." ami nf Ilm con- Uuu" "«■ 1 to 4 iiirlu.itv(s "SoctmU Setit^s," rnmlabiMl with xiii pp. cxUa iM^' »>• uiA, ate). Thu tUatliiuUoa "St^ricft" is cot mHlnialu^Hl after nm Serui$, 1874. Ko. a, [83, 77 pp., 1.] B#»v1ew of the Vert4'brata nf the ('n-rncroita Puriml, found west of the Mimiffiippi River. By Edward D. Cope, A. M. pp. Tj-IS. SuppUiuitintary N'otictw i»f I'i«ln*,H froin tin- l'rrflhwat«r Tortiariesof the Bocky MouotaiDH. [ Hy Edward D. Cope, A. M.] pp. 4!l-ol. &x'OMd &Ti«, 1975-1876. Ho. I. [>»^47pp.] On th« FinhcA of tbn Tertiary Shale» of the Bonth Parle [Colorado]. B> E. D. Cop«, A. M. pp. 3-5. L* ChasM* aiix animuu:i niarins t^t leu p6ol)cries choz lee Indigenes de la cAtc tiord'oueiit d'Ara^nqne, par m. Alph. Pinart. — ll<inIn;{nA-niir-Rier, Imp. db Chftrlnt Aigro, 4, Hue dc» Vieillardji. I'r'T.'V. [B-, 15 pp.] B^giAMT DeiMtttia(>tutf Unitoil Statt-a Army. — |icport upon Geo);^upbical and OvOiO^Cftl P.xplonittnrtM ami SnrveyA went nf the One Hundrt'dtli Mfridiaiv bi ehargr uf KirsI Lieut. <.». M. Wheeler, Corps of Enj^iuei-p*, V. S. Aiiny, Bodor Um! directitMi of BHp. Gen. A. A. HnmphniyH, Chief of EnginCfrK, U. 8- Army. Piililished by uutborUy of lion. Wm. W. Hflknap, Secr**lary uf Wor, ia aecurdancu with ucts of Conj^rraa of .Fnne 2;!, |H74, and Kr'lirn- vy 15. tWS. In nix volumes, acronipanicd !»y one topo^raphi^^.'hl and one poologiral atlas.— Vol. V.— Zoology.— Washington : GovLTUiuent Prinlinj^ OttflB. Ur75. |4 0 Cbapuir VI.— lifporl | iipoii | thi* collections of Fi^hea | made in portionn nf I Xevmln, I'tah, California, Colorado, N<iw Mexico, and Arizona, | durinic 1 i\w yf»rn IH7I, IK7-2. 1873, ami 1874. | By | I'rof. E. D. Cope aud t>r. B. C Tarrow.=pp. 0:«»-7ai, pi. '2f»-39. Appendix, — Dcaorlptliin of u Miigiloid FiNh from the Mottozoic Strata of Colorado [SytLemnK latifronit, Cope], pp. 701-703. IX. ■fl JiK^rw c*n*<»ii, Yiirrovr (p. MS, pi 27. f. 2). Oita ni'jra, Cii\tt' <p. OflJ, pi. IHi.f. 31, <Wh mmuri ,:u\ V/trrow (y. OttO, p!. .11. t. 1). FT^borhynehvi gUttiriu: Citp* (p. 070. ^ <l r A ' f^ <ii. Mti. pi. 80. f. I>. QU^t aeininudn ip. 600. pL 31, ( I), Panlottaut, Ot$m (ih. (, p. 6;ah CaioHomua /«eu)iclMf (p. 67>1. pL 32, f, I). "TW BMt mlaotUkl tui It thai of itie Colomdn iMWin Ip. 0») :- CTpftalU* PliiCuptaruB RriceatiiMlitiiiM 040 Mr«U (uliiiils MS LrpidutniHtn rittnia M3 JttrroTil 043 CvmiiubUiya »(|i)iirni]nntu» 000 own In 047 Aporope MltM'SlJ v«ntri«M* MB MS 52 ISYft— Gllft •grogl* 002 nigra OOi robnata 061 elegvu 00* grarilfs 085 grafaamii 065 • zuwna 006 aemlnnda 006 emorii 007 HyborhynohaB •Iderios 070 CatoatoinidB Pantostens barduB 078 delphinaa 073 Catostomns insigne 076 discobotna on PtychutomuB congesttu 080 Goregonlde Coregonofl viUiamaonil OSS B&lmonidsB Solmo pleuritjcos 608 Cyprinodontlils Glrardbias Bonorienala 006 CottidiB . Uranidw Theelerii 090 " The following tpecieii are thoae of the baain of Utah, whether ttom trjbntariea of Gnat Salt Lake or aot " (p. 700) :~ Apocope carringtonii . »•« henaharii 0«5 Tnlnerata OM Ceratiohthys blgnttotoB OSl Eybopals timpanogenafa 054 hiTittatuB 000 eoa phlegethontia 057 moDtaaa 057 bydrophlox 058 tenia 058 egregla oes Bnwma atrarla 607 ilyloleuooa polTeruleDtoB 600 paroraniu 669 Catoatomidat Pantosteai platyrhynchns 673 jnrrovU 674 Catostomae feonndna 078 Coregonide Coregonna ▼ilUamsonii 682 Sabnonide Salmo TlrginalU 685 plcnriticna 603 Cottlde Uraoldea Theelerii 696 pnnctnlata 607 [In both of the preoeding lists the enomeration is in the ordur of the descriptioiu, i not of the lists, wliich deviate considerably tram the former.] ISTft. — Salmon FiBhing on the Mayo River, California. [Anon.] <[ Forest a Stream, v. 5, p. 267, 1876. Califonua Salmon for New Hampshire. <^ Forest and Stream, v. 5, p. 3 Jan. 6, 1876. The HcClond River Reservation. [Editorial.] < Forest and Stream, t, p. 355. Jan. 13, 1876. Habits of Pacific Salmon. [By Uvlngston Stone.] < Forest and Strea V. 5, p. 372. Jan. 20, 1876. California Shad. [Anon.] < Forest and Stream, v. 5, p. 372, Jan. 20, 18 (6 lines.) Angling liar £asteni Salmon (Salmo saZor) in California vmtexs. [^im <F(»«lfc.«od4ltn»m, t. 5, p. 390, Jaii.27j 1876. 53 FuhorioA anil B«a Uona of California. [Aoon.] < Forest ojid Stream, T. 6, p. aw, Feb, u, i?ro. TbeNatiiral and Economic History of tb(« Sdliiiouida'' — gcogmpUlcal dlstribn- tlon and artificial culture. By Philo-Ichthyos. <[ Forest Aud Stream, pp. (itf-«*(No. 3), lUtJ(No. 4), lHJ<No. b), 131 (No. 6), 147 (No. 7), 1G4 (No. 8), l7»(No. 8). Cbvck List of lUe FUdie« of the Fn-sh W»ter« of Xortb Amorico. Uy David S. Jordvi. 31. S., M. O., oiid Herbert B. Copeland, U. S. March :t, 1H7<1. ^ bulletin of tbe Buflulu Society of Natural ^ioncea, v. 2, pp. 133-164. 1«7G. ViviparouB Perch: [tboir abuudance at Santa Barbara, By H. C. 7arTOW.] < Forest oud Stream, v. 0, p. 13U, April H, ltf7B, ^■Angling for Smelts in Cnlifomia. [By B. J. Hooper.] < Foretit and Stream, r.6. p. IflC. April au. 1K7IJ. A Viviporous F'orrb. [Editorial.] < Foreet and Stream, v, 6, p, 180, with flg., April a7, Icfftt. Kogct oin S1ii«i;t«n 8oulv (AHnrrkiohti*) og dons nordiak« Art«r, Af Profleesor Japetua Btoeustrap. MmI en Tavle. <^ Videnakabeligo Mcddolelser (Vii dru Nuliu'liuttoriak Fort^uiu^ i KJobenbavu, lt(76, pp. loi>-Mif2, tav. 3. lm<ju Fittbrrlea on tbp C'ubiuibiii River. [jIhon. By Bamet PhiUipa — from Appleton'a Journal.] <RoU and (ion, v, H, pp. 131-l3'i (0 uul.), May 97, ltf76, with^^tl^'s. Bamiirk» ou tbt* VuriiuiM FiMbfj* [of tbe fiimily of Scorpu;uidii<] kuovn ae Book Vw\. By W. N. Locklngton. July 17, lH7f>. < Proc.Cal. Aood.8ci.,T.T, pp. 7»-«i. (X. tp. SttMstes Ayrttii jinipuacd an • Kabiilitute fur H. rotaerUM of Ayru«, but doC of OlnnL KoteA on Some Culifornia Marino Pushes, with description of a new s|>u<iieH. By "W. W. Lockington. July 17, lW7(i. <Proc. C'aL AciuL Sci., v. 7, pp. fV. ipk lrin"v(Mii« Padjlatg, MoKdalaaa D«y.J Ichthyolo^iwjhe Bei(nl){a (V.) Von Franz Stelndachner. 20. Juli 1^70. <8iUb. K. Akoil. WUsf^DBolL, B.74, Abtb. i, pp.—, l/^U. [IX wwil-nuiAl ii]iecl<ui elui-id«tc<l : u. b|>. ArlMltUM pttf/^t^iuiM, Slphsffanug barbatu», ffjfjttffantti .SiMiHff, tM*ik*a n. ^. < 3(yi4>dft tU^ttn* Cooper) Lake FiMbiuu iu California. [By Jl J. Hooper.] < Forest and Stream, v. 7, p. 5, Aug. 10,lK7fi. rinbing this Seawo [arunmer of ItfTb] in falifomiu. [By B. J. Hooper.] ^Forest and Stream, v. 7, p. 21, Aug. 17, lH7ii. • ttiitcH on Calii'omiau FiAhe«. By VT. N. Irf>cklngtozL September 4, 1076. <Proc. Cal. Acad.e4ci., v.7, pp. H>rf-llO. ' |X. ap. OratrapooHu wirtdiM (pniviaiuuaUj Dniusd an p. 100) from AwmriWI LJmwL Lower Coltfbndail VoonActlcnt Hirer Sbail for California. [By 8. T. Baiid.] <Fonwt and JSInyim, v. 7. pp. i^^-4u, Sept. 7, 1870. Cftlifoniia fibatl. [Auon.] <Foro«l and Stream, v. 7, p. 83, 8«pt. 14, 1S76. The Big Fij»h [Salmon weighing UK) poands] of AJaeko. [Anon.] <Foraat and Stream, v, 7, pp. dt3-2U, Nov. 9, 187C. 64 18*6— A-Dnnal Eecord of SdenM and Industry for 157'!. Edited by Bpencer T. Baird, with the awutaucti of eiulseut meu of scienoL', Nuw Vurk : ilurpci & Brothers, Pabliaborv. FraukUu Sqauci. 197C. [12°.] J. Piacicaltnre and lh<' Kishiries. pji. 405-440. Sulmou iu tliL' San Juu(|nin. pp. 4tti>-llll. Salmon Troile uf iha Columbia River, pp. 431-4:t2. Salmon in thu Sacrameutu Uiver. p. 43^. Uuitod Stntos Halmuu-batcUlng EstubltHbment, pp. 434-435. Engineer Department, XT. .S. Ariny.-= Keport of t-xploratious across tbo Grentl Basin uf the Territory of Utah for u dirt-pt wngnn-mnte from Cnmp FIny<XJ to Qeuoa, iu CiirHtui Valley, in l?o£). By Capluin J. H. Slmpaon, CurpHoj Topographical Engineers, U. 8. Army [now colouei of euK'it<^*^'ii*, bvt. brig. gcn.f U.S. A.]. JIa*le by authority of the J>ecreturj- uf War, and under in- stractiouft IVnui Bvt. Brig. (ren. A. 8, JuhuHtun, V. S. Army, t-omuiandiug tbtt] Department of lltiih. Washington : Govcrumuut Priutiug Olllco. IH76. ExplnratiunR aoroMs the Oreat RA«iu of Utsh.^ Appendix L. — Rejmrt ichthyology. By Prof. Theo. Gill. pp. :kU-431, tf pi., with d L expl atury. [Tbla chapter vm wrltt4>n iu 1881, mul not HubiieqtiQiilly nrrUtMl.) United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Fart III.— Report of 1h«1 Commiflsioner for 1873-4 and lJ^4-r». A — Inquir>' into the decrciise of tho] Food-Fi«hes. B — The propagation of Food-Fitibes in the wat^'n* of tb< United States. WuHhiugtun : Oovemmeul Priutiug OAic€\ 1870. ItP^ U^J 777 pp.] Keport of the Conuniaaioner. pp. vif-xlri. Appendix A. — Sea fisheries and tho ijahos and invert<dirate« pp. i-:uy. V. — Aocoont of the fishories and seal-hunting in the White SoAf Arctic Ocean, and the C««pian tka. By Alexander Soholtft. pp. :(5-9t;. Appendix B. — ^Tho river ttsheries. pp. tfcil-640, XX. — Keport of operations In CRiifomia in 1^3. By ItivlneRton^ Stone, pp. :^-l'29. A— Clear Lake, pp. 377-381. B — Sacrauietito River, pp. 3i:?2-38f>. C — Cntifomia aquariuiu-car. pp. 3fC>-3yO. T> — Overland jiturney with live sbud. pi>. 300-402. E— Tho McCluud Kivrr hlation. pp. l02-4'2:i, F — Catalogue of collections si-nt to the Smitlisonian Inatltnttf iu 1^3. pp. 424-427. G — A list of lhlc('lond Indian words supplemeuturj- to o liwt cou« tftined in the report of leJ7S. pp. 428-t^. XXI. — Hatching and di^^tribution of California salmon. A — Re|«>rt on ('aUfonii.i salnion-tfpawu h.HiInMl and distribaUn By J. H. Slack, M. D. pp. 431^:U. B — Hatching and diKtrlbulion of Cnlifoniia Milmon in tribntnrli of Great .Salt Lako. By A. P. Rockwood, Su[jerint<tu(lcut Fisheries in I'tub Ti-rrHory. pp. ■i;(4-4;ir>. XXII. — Keport of oppmtionsduring I'*74 at the United States salmDi batrhing e8tal>IinUjntnit im the McCIond River, I'alifnrniiu By ingaton Stone, pp. 437-47t^ XXin. — CurrvMpoudeuce relating to the ban Juaquin lUvor and flalies. pp. 47'.M':Kt. 55 l8T7—Tlio Trout ofWawiliington Territory. <Forc8t and Sirwini, v.7,p.413,reb. ComuMl Salraou. {Anon.] < Forest and Strenm.T.f^, p.3S. F«b.22. 1H77. On the G<!Ut>m> of Nortli Ainrrtcnn Prrah-wnter Pialies. [By David 8. Jor- dan uDd Obarlea B. OUb«rt. Feb. 27, 1^77. <rrDC. Auad. Nau 8c. Philft^ y, — , pp. «:*-104. April 17, 1877. TbfiOrc^n Finb(.'ri>^a. Iditom. From "Pooifiu Life."] <Fopeiit and 8(ruaiUi r.S,p.4i».M*rcU I.1S77. ruh Cultoro tu CAliforaiu. <Foro«t and Stream, t. &» pp. 16, 81. 207. X34. Aiiiinnl Record of Hcicnco aud ludtuitry fbr 1H76. Edited by Spenoor F. Baird. with tht« oAsiHtnnnA of cuiiiiBiit iiu^u of 8uienci\ — New York: Jlar|H)r dc Brotbeni. I'ublUboni, Friutklin Squar*. 1877. [l^o.] 1. Pii»cioaltiLr« and tbu Fiahorioa, pp. 385-410. Bionuial Report uf the CaliforaJn Fisli ComralMion [abBtracl]. pp 40I-4(W. CultivtttioD of Carp in California, p. 403. Department of the Interior: U.S. National MiiHeuoi.— Btill^tiu of tho Kiilt*Ml States Katioual Muacuui. — No. 7. — riiblishiMl nudi'r the ilirnction of the 8ffiithaoaiuo luatitntimi. WiMhingtoa: Goveniinont Printing OlTico, IHTT. [cf^l No. 7. — C^ODtribntitma to the Natural Hi«tor>'nf lhr> Hawaiian iiml Kaii- uing lalaada and Lower Califbmia. Ity Tbofl. H. Streeta, M. I). Trout Fifthiug in Southwestern Colorado. <^ Forest and Streant, v. 8, pp. ItiU, 190, May 3, I&n. California .S»Iinon Spawn for Shipment. < Forest and Stroaro, v. ^, p. I!»l, May 3, it!E77. FUbini; in Lakes San AndreoH und Filervitacs Cnlilonitu. [By XJ. J. Hooper.} <^¥oTvM and Stream, v. 8, p. 270, May 31, IH77. Contributions to North American Ichthyology. Based Primarily on the Col- leotious of the United Statca National MuM^um. A. Notes on the Cottidw, Etheoetomntida:, PcrcidH% CentrarchidWr Aphotluderidie, Dorj'twmutidHs and Cypriiiitln'. With Ke visions of the Genera and Di'wiriptiumi of New or LittI«'-kno«'n Spi-cies.— B. i*y- nopsif^ of the Siluridie of the t'resh Water** of North America. By Da- vid S. Jordan. Washington: Govt-nuueut Printing OOicc. lf^77. [8-, * 9 title-p»gt*s, 12(1 pp., 45 platcM.] ( Bulletin of the U. S. Nationai Mueeum, No. 10. ) ircioud aud flaoTamento River Trout. [From "San Francisco Paeiilc Life."] < Forest aud Stream, v. B, p. 399, Jane 14, 1?^77. Stocking the Barren Watemorthe Great Dividu. [By J.W.B,] < Fon^eC and Stream, v. B, p. 400, July ly, lr?77. Caltfonila Salmon in L:tke Otitorio. [By Sam. 'Wilmot] < Forest and Stream, v.ii. p. 419, July vfO, lci77. tCalifomia Salmon in the James River, Va. < Foreat and Stream, v. H, p. 400. Jnly 19.1677. Halduntf on the Colnmbi^. <Porc«t and Stream, v. 8, p. 4120, July 26, 1877* : I. .- . - •» . f fif 9 — Thi» Xorwfty Tront of the Yollowsionc. [Arntn.'] < Forest and Stream, r. _ UK (.. IT'i [iy&], April II, If*7H. Fkof. JortUo on ChoraL'tBriHtics of Trout. [Signed D. S. Jordan.] < FoksU «oil 8ti«mu, T. 1(1. p. 1%, April 11, l&H. (CoiiUIdb •Qgffcwtiou that tbv original lUidflsli it Hvpt\far%o ktnntrl^] Manual of tLe Vertebrates of tht^ Nurilicru Vnited States, iuclniling the Dis- trict COAX of tilt* Mi.^iiuiippi River uiul norili of Nurlh Cartiliuii mid Tunii- <«»tt', f-xclusivo of iiianiiti specitw. By David Starr Jordan, Ph. D., M. D., Hrofeasorof Natural History in Butler LnlvyrHiiy. 6e:ond Kditiou, re- vidt'daud eDlitrgml. — Cliicngo: Jansen, MoCIurg &. Company, 1(578. [Vi^. ■407 pp., put). May 10.] [CmlAlni synopRlii of the Amoricau Saimoninai uitl Congotkifum.\ CftUfomia Fisbing Proiipecta. [Signed B. J. Hooper, ] < Foreat and Stream, T. 10, p, a:l9, May 2, 1«78. Kotes on a Collodion of FinhiM from the Rio Grande, at BrownsviUe, Ttfxas. By David 8. Jordan, M. D. <BuU. U. 8. Gcol. and Gcog. 8arv. Torr. v. 4, tpp- :®7-4tm. Uixy 3;] v. 4, pp. CtSWitj?, July 29, 1879, [A(Mviiiiriii> ur nyiferuearjma Trtukii luiliratml oa iin unknowu Lob^old tbrtn nip. uid (I'-nt^ntwil am ibv t)'p«of & new gviiufl luid S]>. at p. O07. Tbtt •pMitme&a had prulHiOlji' iuiaplMM(t| A Cata]o;{nc of tbe Fishes nf the Frosh Waters of North Amerira. By David 8. Jordan. M. D. <BuJ!. U. 8. Geol. and Oc»og. Surv. Terr., v. 4, pp. 4ii:-l4'J, May 3, ld78. [A •lru[ilr- uomln&l Uat of the ftvali-vmiler Hpecloa aurth of the Meiimui rrfiton.) Spawning of California Bruok Truut ui Nuw York. [By Jamoa Aiuiin, jr., Caledonia, N. ¥.]. <Chica«o Field, v. 9, p. 182, May 4. 167a [F. M.] California Salmou on Long iHland, Httccess of. By a int'mbor of the SonUi Sido ClQli. <ChicaKO Field, v, 9. p. 1)^2, Mi'y 4. liiTS, [F. M. ] Tront Hyhridn. [PoNsibility of intenrroHning Eruteni and Califoniiiui Troots. Editorial.] <Forcat and Stream, v. 10, p. 25.5. May 9, l^H- California. [Noiit^e uf distrUmtion of land-lockt^d Salmon aitd Eaetom Trout by Fiab Comrautdoners. ] <Fore0t and Stream, t. 10, p. 255, May 9, 1H78. hfa%'i»*st Amerieau Salmnu. [\otico of one wri^hhiK >^i jHtunda rnught rt lJi»f nimitb of Mie Coliinibift EiviT. By John Qoudy.J <^Foriwt aud jjwn, V. Itt, 1). UTu-i, May 9, 1879, Bafanan canning on Frurcr River, [By Fred. Mather.] <Chicago Field, V. 9, p. 196, May 15, 1878. [F. M.] CJ. — A. On the Distribntlon of tbe Fishes of the Allegheny Region of South Camliua, Ciforgia, aud TenneBHOi-. With Di'scriptimis of Nuw or Little- knu%fTi 8pecir«. By David .S. Jordan and Alenibfrt W. Braytou.— B, Synopftin of tht^ Family Catostoinidiu. By DaWd S. Jonl.'iu. Washington : Gorernment Printing Office. 187S. (8vo, 837.) Run nf Salmon in Califonita. Kote by A. R. <[Chioago Field, v. 9, p. 2SS9, May 45, 1K78. [F.M.] Sbail iu ('jhhfoniia. Annonuceincut of two taken in San FrancLsco Bay i^lny 1. Nola by B. B. Porter. <Cbi<:ago Field, v. fi, p. 229, May 2.>, 1873. [F. M.] CallCbmla Salmon. [Notic^i of their aacetit np the McCloud and Baenuneut4> rironi In May.) <F«re«t and Stn-iam, v. 10, p. 35(1, Jnut» 6, 1878. Snlninn ronuiug in Oregon and Califuniia. [Editorial. With three irood- cuta.] <ForeHt and Stream, v. 10, p. ;K)8, Juno 27, 1878. 1978— Another shipment of Shed to Califoruitt. Notice by Pred. Mather. <CW- i-ngo FiL-1.1, V. 0, p. 30e, July 6, 1878. [F. M.] CotiforuU Salmon iu Lake Outurio. [By John J. Robson.] <ronsiit and Stream, v. 10. p. 482, July 25, 1978. Salmon cfttining iu Alaska. An account of the obJtMitioiu of the Indiana to the landing of a lot of Chinese tish canaers. From AioBfca Cor. '*N. Y. Sun." <Chicii{5o Fluid, v. 0, p. 371, July 27, 1678. [F. M.] Notes on a Collection nf FiBhea from Clackamae River, Oregon. By David S. Jordan. M. D. <Pnic. U. 8. Nat. Moschdi, v. 1, pp. C9-85, Aug., 1*8- The Labrador and Columbia Kiver Fiahcrioa. fFrom the "Now York Sun."] <, Forest and Stream, v. 10. p.r»07, Aug. 1, 1378. The Mysterious Salmon. A quotation from the "Afitorian'* on tho subject of tlie aalmon taking the artitlcinl dy, with (-diturin.! comment by Fred. Ma- ther. <ChicagoField. T.9,p.3S7, Ang.3.187a [F.M.] The McClond River Hatchery. [By K. B. Pratt.] < Forest and Stream, t. ll,p.2, Aug.«,le7H. FiahOomip: Abmidaiu*4^ of Salmon in thi* McClond Rivor, and tlioir annoy- ance to anglen ^vben tiabtng for Tront. [It^'m from *'San Fraucii^co Chrou- iole," with odit^irial comment by Fred. Mather. <Cbioagn Fi(.*ld, v. 9, p, 403, Aug. 10, It^H. [F. M. ] Gomenofls of the Quinnat Salmon. [By Tarleton B. Bean.] <:^ Chicago Field, V. 10, p. 4. Aug. 17, 187«. [F. M,] The Fnwer River Salmon Season. [From the "New York World.**] <For- OBt Hud Stream, v. 11, p. 00, Aug. 2S, 1878, Fishing in Northern California. [By XL J. Hooker.] <Forceit and Scream, •V. 11, p. 51, April IW, 1878. Trout Fishing in Tmckeo River. Correspondent of the " Sacramento Union." <Cliicago Field, V. 10. p. 2(.», Aug. 24, 1878. [F.M.] Trouting iu Nevada. Cutchiug tliem Iu the wutt^r-worka at Gold Hill and Virginia City. [From "Virginia City Chronicle."] <Chicago Field, v. 10. p. — . Sept. 14, 1878. [ F. M. ] Good News from California. [Anacoonntof fisb-laildersin thnTmcktwRivur, from the "Tnickee Republican."] <Chlcago Field, t. 10, p. 84, Sept. SI, 187a Salmon One Cent Eaoh. [ item from Fnuer Rirer, from California paper, with editorial comment by P. Mather.] < Chicago Field, v. 10, p. 101, Sept. 26, 1878. [F.M.] Salmon Canning on Colnmbift River. An apconnt of thr» prorcfus, with «tat)6< tics. By Fred. Mather. <ChIcagoFioId,v.lO,p. l01,Sept.28,l878. [F.M.] Note on the Baitruslucioceps of Ayrvs. [By W. N. Lockington.] ^Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (r»), v. 2. pp. 348, 349, Oct.. 1878. McClond Rivf*r H:itcbing Station. Daily Rnronl of Sahuou taken. [Signed Idvingaton Stone. ] < Forwt and 8tn»am, v. 1 1, p. 203, Oct. 10, 1878. California Trout iu New York. [By Beth Oreen.] < Forest and Stream, y. 11. p. 203, Oct. 10, 1878. HoCIond River Hatchery. [Table of Distribution uf Salmon Eggii daring 1878.] < Fonwt and Stroam, v. U. p. 222, Oct. 17, 1878. -Uwd-lorkinfr fbe Qninnat Salmon. Experiment of H. 0-. Parker. Commii- •iimer ou FisUme^i for Nevada, in Pyramid aud Wulkur Lukes. <^ Chicago rUUl. V. 10, p. Uw. Ocl, «», 1«78, [F, M. ] Th* YnllowBtone u« a Trout atrenm. [Anon.1 < Forest and Stream, t. 11, p, aw. *.>ct. 31 . 1878. Axiotbcr Devil Fish Story. Acoouiit of dovil-fii^h {Cvratopttra) iiitorferiof; wilh a Aabmnrine diver, from Califoruin paper. <Chicapo Field, v. 10, p.lBl.Nav.2,ie7ti. [F.M.] Walks around Sau Francisco. Uy "W. N". Lockington. Nu- III. — Lake Honda and Sml Km^k. <Am. Nat., v. W, pp. 78<i-7IKt, Dec, 187H. [y. 8p. BJiQcitoma StovM. p. ;03.| Abto.— "No, I.— The Ocean Beach" (v. I'J, pp. 347-354) and [No. II.—] "The Bay Shore" <v. 12, pp. 505-51'2] have nothing relatiTO to fisbca. Imo qninnat in France. [Dy Fred. Mather.] < Fonwt and Strvnm, v. 11, p. a»>. Vw. 5, IHTH, [Si'i\ also, jip. 3311. 340, Nov. ii8, 1878.] On the oconrrenct? of StichioQH pnnotatuH. (Fubr.) Kroycr, at St.Michajl'a, jUnaka. By Taileton H. Bean. < Proc U. JS. Nat. Museum, v. 1, pp. 279- 231, Dec. 17. l>-7r*. Rtf'piirt on ihe iiolleetion of FUhoa mode by Dr. Elliott Couca, U. 8. A., in l>ii- knWi juhI 5luiitaiia during the wafloua of 1873 and 1^4. Ity David S. Jordan. M. D. <BalL U. S.Geol. and G«og. Surv. Terr., v. 4. pp. "TT-TW, Uoc.n.l-TH. Jtr'oCc.— I CufiUhu Au "onulysis of tbc ^ners of AmcrioAu Cj-prinida), uid reference of Pftdfle nktpe geotirft lo European typoa, at pp. TB5-7(M. ] California Salmon in Holland. LEditorial.] <For«ttt aud Stream, v. 11, p. 4aO,D«c.2£ 1878. 46ib Cuii|pr*>w, 3d Hewion. | Houwi of Kepi-enoaratives. | Ex. Doc. 1, pi. 2. Vol. II. I = I Annual Report | of the | Chief of Engineers | to the | Secretary of War 1 for the | year 1878. | — | In three parts. 1 — | Part III. | — 1 "WaAh- laglon : | Uovcmment Printing Odieo. | lifiii. \ Appendix NN. | — | Annual Keportof Lienienam George M. Wlieeler, | Coriw of Engiueem, for tlie fiacal year ending | June :tO, IrfTK [pp. 1421— K. I Report njMiu lli« Fishes collected during the* youre IHTS, 1676, 'tfd IHT?, in I CaUfomia and Nevaila. by Prof. David S. Jordan and H. "W. Benobaw. [pp. IBO^-IGSS, pll. 1-4.] AiMM-ndix K I. ) Liet of Marinrt Fishea collected on the coast of California fi*Ar Sanitt 1 Rtrbara in 1H75, with notea by Dr. H. C. Yarrow, Acting AwKunt Surgoon | U.S.A., an<l H. 'W. Henahaw. [pp- 16'23-16'27.] P. lAlO, pL 1,3, OtteftomiM (ahomtU iitt] »d<1 JortUn. V. imo, pi. X OaiufoMKj itrtKopHt Jurtkin. t'. in«. pt, (, 8aimo HeMhavri Gill nn<l Jordan. Th^ SiKirlamanV Gazetteer and General Gnidi-. The Giune Animals, Birds, and FiMlwa of North America: Their Habit* and Various Methods nf Cap- iOKk CopiouK Instnirtious in Hhwling. Fishing, Tuxulerniy, AVmnlcraft, rtp. Together with mai». Hv Charlea HaUock, Editor of "Forest an4 Stream"; AiiUior of tho " Fisliing TouriHt," '* Camu Lite in Florida,*' eto Fonrtb Edition. New York : Fonwt and Stream PubUshmg Co. 197 (ISttto.) 1 8T8— Manual of thf^ Voiicbrfttcs of the Norlbcrn United fitatra. Tiirlnding tho Dt»- triot East of the MiAsisnippi River, und North of Nortli Carolina ftmi Teu- m^ftst't', fxclimive of Marine 8pecirs. By David Starr Jordan, Pb. D.. M. D.f Prof<!«MJr of Natiirul Hialory in Sutler Uuivcmity. i^i'cuud Edition, Ke- Tified and Enlarged. Chicago: Jausen, McClurg Sc. Co. 1&78. (12uio, 407 pp.) Thu Califomiau Salmon. With au Account of its Introtliirtiou iuto Victoria. By Sir Samuel Wilaon, Menibf r of the lA'gisldtive C'ouuril of Victoria. Melbourno: Sniiils & McDongnll, Priiitt^rs, l'olliji» hlrft*>t Went. IH7t*. . — The Nevada Kisb-hatchvry. [From Carson City "Api>eal."] <Chlcaga Field, V. 10, p. 332, Juii.4, lt(79. [F. M.J Capture of a Dtivil-fiBh [Coratoptera]. From Ciilifomia paper. <Clucago Field, V. 10, p. :W5, Feb. I, l(fl9. [F. M.] The Pi8hc<rie8 and Other Rpgourc en of Alankn. B^ H. A. R <Chioago Field, V. 10, p. 3U5, Feb. 1, 187'J. [F.M.] Viviparous Perch [ Eiubiotociilo.'. By Charles Hallock. From ** Sportamau'a GawjttetT,"] < Foreet aud 8tT«aiu, v. II, p. .'>l'i, .luu. IW, H!<79. Flab and Fishing of Oregon. [By Wm. Lang.J <:^ Forest and Stream, v. ti^ p. :Jf., Fob. 13, 1S79. Re]iort of the Nevada Fish Commission. [Nuticc by Fred. Mather. ] <[^Chi- cago Fiuld, v. 11, p. 3, Feb. 15, 1(J79, Rapid growth of the Califomian Salmon. lAnon.l <Fore8t aud Stream, v. 1% p. .v., Feb. 2t), 1H7«. [An alMitracLfruin th« "Gonniui Flsbiuff GaKcttt-.") £ast»m Troat ou the Pacific Slo|>e. [By H. B. Bolt Kulooia, \V. T. <Fur- est and Stream, v. 1*2, p. 10r>, March 13, 1879. Rearing Whitetiah in ('ODtlnemeDt. [By B. B. Redding.} <^Chicago Field, V. 11, pp. b7,t'»8, March 15, 1879. Int<<re6ting Facts from Wiisbingtun Territory. [By Cha. Beudire.] < For- est and Stream, v. 13, p. 154, March 27, Itf??. (Reren to "fioJmo Kemntrti/i' \ Jtc] The FIoQudertt of our Markets. Keail by "W. M. Locklngton l>efore the Baa Fmncisco Acad, of Soicuccs, March 17, L-^TQ. <_ScieutiIic Press Supple- ment, April, 1879; Mining aud Scientitic Press, April 13 and 19, 1679. Salmon Fishing id Oregou. [By H. B.] < Forest and Stream, r. IS, p. 174, April :t, 1H79. Troitj* of Rocky Mountain Trout. [By W. N. Byera.] < Forest aud Stream, T. 12, p. 174, AprU 3, 1H79. [Notiin< of a " 'DeTll Fish' recently taken on the Pactfio eoaat whose body was four feet long, with a spear-shaped tail and tentacles seven feet long,*' i. e., a Bi>ecios of Ccrutoptera. From tbe " Santa Barbara Fross."] <[Chi- CAgo VipUX, V. 11, p. 14tS April 19, 1H79. Description of a spcclf'i nf tycodr^ (/,. 7>mirrO from AInsko. brlirmd to he nndivwribiMl. By Tailetoa B. Bean. <^Proc. IT. S. Nat. MuMMim, v. 1, pp. 4lKJ-ltK», April '^5, IrTy. The Fi(*be» tuld UinU of tbe Pacific Cocut. [By Calamlnk, pteudon of John It, 'Wilaoii. <Chicttgo Field, v. 11, p. 1(33, AprtlVli, ItO'i. [Note rolndvi' to tbi' KinberliMS »( llrititih CMliunbia. Notice of Report tu Uuuue uf Uuiumouit. J <Cbic»gu Field^ v. 11, p. IGTi, April *^, 1879. liW— Nm*** on some Ftiibcs of the Coiwt of California. So. I. By 'W. IT. LooU- InCtoiL < API. N»L. V. n. pp. 299-308, Muy. 1j?79. G»Uliml» MooatAln Trout in Eastem Waters. [By Seth Oreen.] < Forest ■Dd Straim, V. 1% p. '264, Mny S, \8n. tSw, alM>, V. 13, p. »8.) lYoul and Salmon Sftuon in Caliibmio. lAnon.} < Forest and Stream, v. U, p. £77, Hay 8, lt^9. AngUiigln Caltfomi:i. [Ahstract from "Pacific Life."] < Chicagi) Field, v. 11, pp. 1%, l*.H], Muy \\), 1979. [Calfiitli in California. 1 < Chicago Field, v. 11, p. Ififi, Moy 10. l<^9. PaciAc Trout [Salmo iridea] in East«m Waten*. [Kote signod H. "W. De Long; with drwriptioTi appmidMl from Ballock'd 8])or1«aian'8 Gazetteer.] < For- wt and Stxvam, r. 1'2, p. '2^, May 1.% 1879. Does t.bn WMtfirn 8aliuou die after Kpawntng f [ Hy &Iajo», pi>eud<m. ] < Chi- cago FioW, V, 11, p. 221. May 17, 1H79. jmia Salmon do not all die after Hpanmiag. [By B. B. Redding.] ; Chicago FlcJd, v. 11, p,23C, May 2i, 1879. naSMoC tbn iitalmon thn Indinn'n Ttait. [By Jonas C. Portland, Oregon.] <ChloaCI> Fiolil, V. U, p. '£37, M;iy 24, 1879. OdUfomia News. [Notice of expeot«d conaignment of eggs from V. 8. Com- mimion Fiab and Finberlefl. Anon, From Sacramento "Kccord-Union.*'] < Chicago Fit^ld. v. 11. p. 244. May 31, 187U. On a new Oenns of Scauihridip. By "W. N. liocklugton. < Proo. Acad. Nat. gci. PUila. [v. — ], pp. Kia-rw. {"St. s- md up. Chriomitrm (p, ]b3) eoHcoior, p. lU.J Who hnuidMl tlm Salmon f [Nnticc of ciipturL' of four salmon bntndtxl with W. at Wentport, Oregon. p. 800, June 7. 1^9. LakcTabofs. [Jiioh. From p. SCO, .lone 7, 1879. Qn&d fincoeM of Shad and Salmon Culture. [By B. B. Redding.; oago Field, v. .11. p. 277. June 14, 1879. Salmon al the Aiitipoiira, being jin account of the Kuccessrul intriHluftinn of Salmon and Trout into AnAtrnlian waters. By Sir Samuel Wilson, Mem- ^t ttf the Logialntivc Council of Viftoria, [»>,t(^.1 ; author of a work on the .^nu-'Hi Goat, and pupers on the Ostrich, the Chinese Yam, etc. London: IM^anl Stanford, 55, Charing Crow, 8. W., 1979. [3d ed., 12°, viii, 353 pp., ipUi't. pi., I map folded.] Partial Contents. Chap. V. ITie first introdncfion of CaliforniAn Ralmnn Ova. pp. 24-25. Chap. VII. Tbif second Imporlatlon of Callfomiau Salmon Ova. pp.8&-38. Chap. Vlli. The Cftlifomian Salmon, pp. a9-58. Clnp. IX. la the Califoniian Bulmon anitable to the Murray Bt^'orT pp. Chip. Xnc. The Growth and Development of the Salmonidw. pp. 160-ir2. Chap. XXII. T)i<- Diatrlbution and Liberation of the Califomian Salmon Pry pp. PW-VM4. 11 ' ,\i»if^ Junf in, lff7». uoe of tbU wi>rk. In a Rli<btly diffonmt foriD, luidtfr ibe Utl« of 'Tho CilUuntuit Salinnn. waA nHclnnlly pnHllMhfil lu lUc I'raiuwurllotu of tbo Zoc'lnETlca) and AccttrhUhAttau Socttty of U<-l)H>iLrD« for tbc yvar 1878. iind n •c'cond unoll c<l)tlaa TvpriatMl in VlriuriA."->Fn>m "Prafboe to tbe ihU^cditkiD.'— See lS7li1 By Oeo, H. Heather.] Pliiladelpbia Press."] <;; Chicago Field, v. 11, < Chicago Field, v. 11, <Chi- 1879—The Chinese ami otbrr Pishrnnrri of Cnlifomia. [Condenseil from San Fran- cUoo "Chroaicle" hy Fred. Mather. ] < Chicago Field, t. 11. ]n 291, Jane 21.1ft79. On tb« Ocfunvnco »f llii>|i'>i;lii«suM vulpariH, Flem., at Unaliuhka and St. Michael's, Aloidca. By Tarleton H. Bean. < Proc. U. 8. Nat. MaKiim, v. 2, pp. 63-60, J uly 1 , 11:^9. Pociflc Coast Shad. [Hy William Lang.] < Forcat and Stream, v. 12, p. 4^, July 24, 1879. NotCH on N»^w and Hare Fishps. Keod before the California Acad. Scipoce by W . N. Iiockington. ] < Sciculilic l*rc8a Sapplemeut, J aly. lti7U ; Mining and Scientiflc Pruas, Aug. 2 and 16, 1679. ' Fish Notes from thn Pacific Coast. XBy Robt, B. C. SteamaO <Chicago Field. V. 11, p. 3t». AoR. 2. lt*79. IBitnet A'om " Amorksa KatondUl"] Carious Facts abont Tront [f.c, jumping fh>m flame into water below. By B. B. R., J. e. B. B. Redding. ] < Chicago Field, v. 1 1. p. 404, Aag. 9, 1879. AlOMkaiu Siiniinc*r. — Sucond Pap«r. [Dy "Pl8Eco," J. e. Lester Beardslee.] < Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. .SSS, Ang. 14. li?79. [Rcfcn, Inter ftllu, to oaptnre and curing of mIidoq at Port Himtor. | Largest Salmon on Rcoord. [ Jiion.] <^ Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. 557, Aug. 14, 1879. (" VicTOUiA, Jaa«3a — A salmon thttiwelghnd MpoondswlieB tmoehttau been rnopirt4 liiTt> frum tb^ SliLfaia RivKl FisUery by Sir. Turner, Msjror of Vlcturlik. lU le>t U 6 fwt II InchM from note to uU."] Shad in tUo Colarobia. [By "8."] <rorw»t and Stream, v. 13, p. 585. Aug. 38. 1879. IRvfnni probably to Poimetobvs.] Trolling for Salmon. [ Jnoii.] <Forwt and Stream, v. 13, p. 588, Ang. 28, 1879. IReUtei to Coloubln RItct.) Oregon. [Record of a trout-flshiug expedition. By 'William Lang,] <Forofll and Stream, v. 13. p. 5^9, Aug. 28, ly79. Tho McCloud lUvcr Fishery. [JNon.J <^ Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. GU4, Sept. 4, 1879. Salmon a Nuisance to Trout riNhcre. [ Jnoh. ]{> Fred. Mather.] <Chicago Field, V. 12, p. 02, Sept. «, 1679. Tlie North I^acilio CodliHhery, [By W, N. Lockington. Kopiiuted from •» Patitic Life. "] < Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 53. Sept. i), iR7U. [Kotice of Trout passing through fltiine under preasnre of 376 pounds to the square inch. Anon. ] < Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 53. Sept. 0. Icff9. [Notice of Catfish — Amiiinis albidiiat — 5 to 15 inches long, token In SauMtl Lagoon, whem plantnl three years beforct. jIhon.] < Chicago Field, v. 12,p. 53,Si>pt.6, 1879. The PooiHc Salmon Fisheries. [ Json.] <Chictigo Field, v. 12, p. 09. Sept. 13, 1879. [Notice of Cftlrtsh—Aniiunia albidust — taken in ^cCloud's Lake, Mockron. Anon.] <l1iicug« Held. v. 12. p. (iO. Sept. 13,1879. The Traus-Cunlineutal Expedition of the California Fish CommiBsioQcn. [By H, A. L.] < Format and Strwani, v. 13. ,i. 646 (3 col.), Sept. 18,1879. 63 1819 EtTiew of the Plenronectids of San Fraocisco. By W. N. Iiookiiieton. <Proc. U. 8. Nat. Moseam, v. 2, pp. 69-96, Jnly 2— Sept. 19, 1879. [S. qh HippoglomoidtaJordani, p. 73 ; 6lyptoe«phalu» Paeijieug, p. 86; QlyptouphaluMxaeki' fw,p^aB. [Kotioe of Catfish for Sosan River and £el Lake. Anon. "} <^ Cbici^o Field| T. 12, p. 85, Sept. 20, 1879. The flist biennial report of the Nevada Commiaaion. [Notice by Fred. Bfa- Oer. 3 < Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 85, Sept. 20, 1879. Habita of California River Sahnon. [Anon. Extract from "Sacramento Bee."] < Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 100, Sept. 27, 1879. Flab Culture Operations in C^lfomia. [By Iilviogaton Stone. 1 <[ Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. 685, Oct. 2, 1879. {B^lentoSatnoD.I Wfay Salmo Qainnat does not take the Fly. [Jnoa. by Cbarlea Haltook. <Foreet and Stream, v. 13, p. 685, Oct. 2, 1879. Washington Territory. [By "Multxohah," j)«^iK{(m.] <^Forestand Stream, T. 13, p. 687, Oct. 2. 1879. (BeUtea to flahing in "the great Spokane country.*'] Salmon Fishing on the Pacific. [Incomplete. By C. R.] <Forest avd Stream, v. 13, p. 689, Oct. 2, 1879. The Fishery of Mr. A. P. Rockwood [near Salt Lake City. Anon. From "The Jnvenile Infractor."] <Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 115, Oct. 4, 1879. Do Fish hear ! [By "W. N. LocUngton. From " Pacific Life."] <Chicago Field, ▼. 12, p, 116, Oct. 4, 1879. Troot iu the Truckee. {^Anon. From " Sacramento Bee."] <Cbicago Field, T. 12, p. 117, Oct. 4, 1879. California. [Record of good GrilBe-fishing in September. ] By B. B. Hedding <Koi>'8t and Stream, v. 13, p. 715, Oct. 9, 1878. Tbe Game and Fish of Alaitka. [By " Piseco," J. e. Lester Beardalee, U. 8. X.] <F«re8t and Stn-am, v. 13, pp. 723-724, Oct. 16, 1879. Salmon Eggs from the Pacific. [By Iiivlzigston Stone.] <[Forest ard Stream, v. 13, p. 725, Oct. 16, 1879. California FiHliing. [By E. J. Hooper.] <^Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. 7S8 Oct. 1€, 1H79. Wyoming Territory. [Noje on Tront-fishing. By *' MuLTXOMAH," j>»«(do«.] <Forw*t anil Stream, v. 13, p. 728, Oct. 16, 1879. Spawn in off season [of Califomian Trout. By B. C. Tallant. With edito- rial note.] <F()re8t and Stream, v. 13, p. 744, Oct. 23, 1879. Tbe Bedtidh of the Northwest. [By Ch. Bendlre. With editorial note.] <KoreKt and Stream, v. 1^, p. 745, Oct. 23, 1879. Rocky Mountain Troat. [By Flypisiter, pseudon., J. J. Stranahan, Chagrin Falls, O. ] <Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 164, Oct. 25, 1879. '^Monutain Trout".— (Salmo virginalis). [By Oordon Lamb.] <Cbicago Field, V. Vi, p. 164, Oct. i'>, 1879. Fuhiog in Gray's Harlwr [». e. Salmon- fishery. Anon. From "Olympia (Washington Terr,) Transcript." <Chicago Field, v. 12, pp. 164, 165, Oct. 25,1879. 64 119T9 — Codfifiliiiig in tlws Pacific. [AnoH.'] Prom "San Francisoo Alln.") <Chicago Field, V. Vi, p. 105, Oct. 25, I87y. Cthlifitniia Trout in »w York St»ie. [By Clarenoe A. Famum.] <Forebt and Stream, y. 13, p. 765, Oct. 30, lt^9. BalnioD FiBUiiig ou tlie Pacific. lUy C. R.] < Forest and 8tTt^anl, v. i;t, p. 7ti7, Oct. 30, lT<79. Why Saimo Quinnnt does uot tJik© the Fly. [Editoiiftl.] <Fore«t aud atreaui, v. 13, p. 770, Oct. 30, ltf79. Notc« on Pacific Coo^t Flahefl and Fiiiheriea. By W^. N. Locklngton. < Am. Nat., V. 13, pp. &^4-6«7, Nov., 1879. Not«s on BOiue nudt.-«cnbvd FiHUi-ia of tbe Focifio Caa«t. By W. N. Loolciug- toa. < Scientific Vnm Siip]demcnt, v. — , p. 76, Nov., 1879. Carp Brewling in Catifumia. [JnoH. FlT»m "Sonoma Index.**] <C Chicago Field, V. V2, p. 180. Nov. 1, IWn. TroDt Caltnre in NpTiida. iAnoH, From "Virginia City Enterprise."] < Chi- cago Field, V. W, p. 180, Nov. 1, 1879. Fifth in Washington Territory. lAnon. From th«"Exporim<»ut-."] <^ Chicago Field, T. la, p. IBO, Nov. 1, 1979. Washington Territory. [Abundance of Troat. By Mitltxomah, jMrHdon.] <Forc«t and Stn-Km, v. 13, pp. 79G-7WI. Nov. «. IWJ. The Rodlish of Idaho. By Cbarlea Bendire. < Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. 806, with fig., Nov. 13, 1879. [Thp Rgam appoan to npresfDt Bi/ti/ario tm»a«rty'-) California Notee. (From the "San Frnncisco Bee.") < Chicago Field, v. 12, p. 213, Nov. l.->, 1H79. Some FiBhe« of Oregon. By C. J. Smith. < Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. 826, Nov. SJO. 1W9. The Tront of I'tah. [Notice of its rising to a fly.] By C. B. "Westeru < Fotvirt and Stream, v. 13, p. 820, Nov. tW), IH79. Cftlifomitt Fifthing Notes. [From "Sacnunentt) Bee."] <Chirflgo Field, v. 12, p. 229, Nov. 22. Irf79. California Finhe*. By B. B. Redding. < Forest and Stream, v. 13, p. 847 Nov. 27. llffO. < Chicago Fiold, v. Moontain Troat.— ^fmo vir^inali*. By Gk>rdon I«and. 12, p. 245, Nov. 29, IRTi). Tbe Fislieeof Klamnth Lake, f>regon. By E. D. Cope < Am. Not., v. 13, pp. 784-785, Dec, li?79. [K. lip. VhitMmiMtm tnxntm (p. Tfti) ; OhttMltftM 6iWiVo«(i'f« (p. 78S) ) / JlirI«pAarvdvil c|l. (7es».i Aniiii.al Krcord of Keienrr nud Iiidimlry for lft?H. | Kdit«'d by Bpenoer P. Baird wif b \\\v itwiAtancp of eminent men of Hoienee. ( New Vnrk : I Hnr- por A Brothers, Pnblishers, Franklin fk|nar«. |H79. [12^.] Tlie North American Tront and f^almon. pp. 4t(7-^70. IchthyulogtscliK BeitriiKe ( VTII). Von Dr. Frana Bteljidachner. < RitJtK ("Juli-hoft.") [Antlior'sext**, K. Akfld. WiMicnwh., B. rtO. Ablb. i. pp received by mnil Oet. '.?>. I^l».) I N. m\*. Vorrian (JnAniiul Jaeabi Siiu Iiii*;:o, p. S , n. g 'mil «(* dJmtu. Kua Uip^n p. M i iui>l OQt>**is Jtr.nrb#rrO, p. IT, SngrnuH* r> n«4trnd qpaa I <lkv turn- INDEX. Jft Anlanu albidtu es AauDoooBtM oibwitu 27,81 AmmodytM AUaoABtu 49 hexapienu 10 peraonfttiw 25,28,48 •epttploaU 10 Aaiphistichtu srgen teu 20, 20, 41 Besmuumi ^l ■tmUte 21,20 Aiwbleiw GtoootU 21,S8 Aiwnltiehm SS MU 21.28 ABurfatehtbya 28 MU 28 ooellatu 28,49 Angnillft 49 Annia, Jsnca, Jr 97 Anon 48,90 ABoplagonua 84 Aao^Mehas 8( erlat»-galU 35 pttfpmocaM a« ABoplopoma 88 ftmbrtft 40 Bmtanciu 82,48 ABtacraa aeatlraBtria 44 bncfayrfaynchns 44 medtnwtria 44 Apooope oaniaBtoldl 08 coaeall fil bmaharll 52 TeatriMMft 01 TQliiente 63 Apodlehthya 21 llBTldiu .« 21,28,48 iDomatua 30 aangnloena 30 Ti<daoena 21 Tireaee]u.# 24,20 A. R 67 AKboplltea 34 iiit«miptna 41 AiKcoUna prrtioaa 21 Argjreluaua paciflcaa 58 ArgyroDs dulcti 20 DotablUa 85 Bubllna 25,20 oaculna 25 Artodhia 85 lateralia 27 notoapUotna 26,28 pugetenaia 68 65 66 INDEX. P*ge. AaplcottiM 20 blMm 20,22,27,42 AspidophoToldes tnermlR 82 Aftptdophonu KcipeikMrlniM 18 AtberinopaiA 91.2X40 •fflnis 88.4ft oallfornleiula 21,28 tenala 88 Atkliu, ChArlM 0 48 Atnctopero* 84 oUUinU 41 Atxactoaeion BobUe 41 AnlUcop* 40 apiiwsceiu 40 Anlorhjnrhuti, 84 flaridiu 84 Ayre*, Dr. WiilO. .3, 21, 22, 23, 34, 82. S3, 85, 88. 37, 38 Ayreds 87 pUBotipliuiia 87.18 B. BMUey.J.'W- 17 Rami. SpeDcef F 19; 44^47, 48, 50^ BB, 54, SS, 84 nt»ii»u^ so BathymaBtcr riiignatnB 40 BdtlioPtotnaSioutit 50 BtAD. Tarleton H 58,50,00,82 Beudalee, LMter 62.88 Beckwlih, Llent. S. O 81 Bevohey, Capt K W 14 BeloneexUb 21,20,43 Beadira, CharlM fi8^80;88.84 BuuMtt, E. T 14 Bennett, Frcdoriok BebeU 15 BeSDOtt, ThomM 47 Blake* 53 Blake, Jamea 40,41 Blak^ WiUiamP 25 Bleiuilcotttu 84 Blennioa a&gaillaria 10 doUchogaater > 10 gentiUa 21,28,43 Bkpalaa oculofkaolatoa 20 trilobua 16,42 TentriooaDa 12 Brachyistlaa 36 Biaohyiatina frenatna^ 36, 41 Bmui'lLktHttaina 44 IlTa>'tuiL, AlvmlwTt W 57 Bri'v>(Mr1> JuiDi'ft Catvqd 25 Bn-w,C ^ 84 Brt(i«b Columbia 80,40 BrtENitiliiaioarKiaalDi 12, 22. 28 Bratmupbycla 84 marghiataB 43 Brotaloid flahca 37 Bnokland, BeT. W 14 BaDhead 40 Butirinna 18 Batler, Capt. "W. F 4 Byere, W. N 60 C. Calamlnk 80 California flahcclea ._. 88 ■"•i^ocioa 80 CalifDrnla. natnnl wealth of 4t aMliona Si Caltfomlan ftah onttore 4T aalmon 61 Gallorhyiiohaa 18 GalyoUepldotoa M latenlia ti4t , apinoaoa II Camaiina n nlgrioana 11 CampbeU, Archibald M Canax 14 symiaaitrieiia St Caniaffton. Campbell 8S Catoatomidc IT Catoatonraa amopiu ., 9 bemardini SS dlaoobolua H feonndna n,n (Aoomua) generoana M tnaigne 9 labiatoa. n,mkU ktlplnnia It maoroohelltta M^M oooldaotaUa S,Mk« taboenala ■ Caahaohna M retlonlataa ' 41 CaiOoIatUaa W MMmalna 41 Cebedlohthya orlst*-galU K4I Ttolaoetta Mb41 Centranhna Intermptaa W macnloaiia n,B CentroBotoa orlata-gaUi N betuB 46 Centropomas Tfrldia SI Coratlobthya blgatutna St oaoola n aqnamlleBtaa II ventriooaoB 4T Ceratopter* 58^88 Ceatraoion fhtnotaoi 0*81 PhllipU 88 Cbanoa 18 Chappe d'Anteroobe. M 8 Chaa^A.W 47,a Cbaamiatea broTtroatiia 84 lazatua 84 Cheonda 28 ocBmlea 28 Cooperi tt CbilorfaiDU 48 Chluueta IS ooUlei 14,81 Chlonda oamlea 18 oooperi W Cblrooentma 18 Chlropata M cimateUatiia ST gnttatas tt Bebakwna Sf pictna tt ChlnwtOBaaflUda 41 48 INDEX. 67 Cypria«lla Indlbnnda 80 Ingabris , 80 Cyprinodifn cmlifonleaai* 43 macalBrios lo Cjprinas ( Abnunia) bclteatm la b«lte«tn« le 4L#ticlaciiA|i caiuiDiMi. ]3 fiultratnji o (Leaoiacns) gxaoUia U (LeaciKua) ongOBenaU is rMtntua 9 D«ll, Wlllium H 44,45 IlftmaUelitbys 33 TMC* 88,30,41 DftTfdaon, Oeorge 45 I>aw4«,C. K 4« DeKaj, JuuraX is Dekftya 87 MioniaU 87 DeLong, H. W «l " Benrer News '' SO D«Tmftt«Ht«tbui* 80 pODctipfamis 86,44 DeTtiflah 00 DkkloD u DfondagrlBM 27 Dltrena 2& brertpbme Be Dogflah 4ft IhunArU, Ang 80,46 Dnim, HoTttceD 40 Dynamite, for flablng 48 Ecbenetdoide 38 Echcneia nancratea 32 rfimon 32 EUiott, Henry W 47. &1 mopa ic Embiotoca 10.20 argyroaoma 23^20,41 Caryl 19 Caaaldii 21,29 Jackaool 1^29,41 latfralla 30.34 UneaU 21.29 omata 28,29 pcrapicabilla 23,29 Webbi 23.29 Enliiotocoide 21 Embiotoooida 3 E riwf y, Uru t. Cul, W. H 17 Eti|;i-lTnaDD,l'i' 17 Engraalia ooroprvaaua 27, 30, 43 drUcatlasimua 21,81,43 tnonlaz 21,30,43 nanus 27, 30, 43 rlugfDS ^ 61 Ennlchthys 23 He«rmaiuil 23.20 mrgalopa 33.20 Xntoaphcoua 9$ eiUatna 44 68 nnoEX. P*ge. Bntoepbenos eplhexodon 44 Bphlppoa nwAtu 27, S8 XplDepbelns oUUtoft S Brythriniu !• Swhaoholtc, Dr. Frtodr 11 Sacydogobiaa M newbanil 41 EomiorotTemaB 86 KxocoBtua caUfoniieiu 88,43 faaototu 24 T. JlHloargynna 85,80 anror* 86^80 Clwkil 80 GiirdiMii 80 Newbenli M ■teUatoa 86,80 tsuppltch 80 li^mam. Clarcfioe A M Fish, eMtorn. inCBUfoniU 48 Viaherles of Korth PMlflo 4« yiaueries, Oreifon U FUfaes of Wyoming 40 •ubt«rniiieaB, in Ci^lbnilft 47 Tertiary 61 riAt-flsh 40 of 8ui Fiwioiaoo « 88 Flotmders of Saa Fxanoiaco W Forbea.Sdward 20 Franohire, Gabriel 10,11 jTiiBdalaa 1 43 parripimila 31,80,48 G. Gadoid flahea, aynopalaof 87 Kenera 87 Qadtis auratna 48 dorsotripterygia ^ 0 flmbria 10 gracUia 9 morrhna 0 perlacopoa 40 proxlmuB 21,43 pygniKua 10 wachna 10 Galeaacania 45 Gallatin, Albert 17 Gaateniaieua blaculeatoa 24 dekayi 24 inoptnatua 21,28 Intermediua 26.28 microoephalua 81. 28, 42 plebeiDB 21.28.28^42 pageUl 26,28 aeiratna 24,28,42 WiUiamsoni 21,28,42 Oaatrophyaoa polltua 44 Gay, Claadiaa 10 Qeoyonemoa 34 Utbbima, Dr 8 Gibbona, W.P 90,28 Ulbbona, W. R 40 GibbunaU 88 elegaaa 88,43 Gila ».» ardeataea U conocephala. U •«««fi» • elegaaa 1%9^4M,n Xmoryi !%« gtaelUa IttSI^M Grahami UlM graadla ■ hydropU«z H ■ucrcdepidote tt nigra pUagetbiraUa robnata n.n ■!.« GUbert, Chariea H U GlU, Tbeodon n;llk4^N OiniehthTa « ■babota n,n,m QtOim, Liant Jaa. M SI 01ra>4 l>r. Chariea . .8, 18, 19^ 88, H. « n Mk 81; «, 81.81 Glzai^Edwanl U Girardlnua aoDorlesula M Girella nigrloana 4t Glyphlaodon rvblenndna 11,31,41 Glyphtooephaloa paoiflnta ff laohima W Gtobli^ gmera tf Goblna graoUla B lepidna II Newberryi «,3^«» OoBorhynchna li Goody, John ff Gramniatopleanta 94 Gray. J. X M Gi«en. Seth S^«. Gryatea lineattia 31 Gnnnelliv oraataa 31,38; 43 GBDnlaaa, Capt. J. TT St Gftnther. Albert 82, 88^ 80, 88, 88; 40, 44, 48 GyniDOfDQTiBna 48 Gymnotoida 38 Gyroplenrodaa 8S franclaci 44 Halatraotaa donalla 43 Halias 81 Heltbat flabtng 48 HaUoolt. Charles Mt08,iB,a HaUowell, Edward ^ U H. A. L M H. A. R 88 Hayden. F. V • 4«;n Haxlitt, WilUam Carey 4 H.B 80 Heather, George H tt Beermann, A. L 38 Helmlohtbys 48 BeoiUepidotnaGtbbaU 88^43 Botoq^loCaa 41 25 TVMTbrUcU *^» E.J 4B,»,VK»,M,m,6^n HjriMTpoiia M HyaborooupBi .« 29 Tra*Ui 3D,»l4LW L lohthvomffton 48 Irriog. WMhlngton U XachoownnB U laopUgtodoo M Heulel U I. Jui««, Edwin w 11 Jobaliu DobiU* »M BS JohDaUai.C«pt.A.B IT Jtuui^C U JonLuLD 8 ^fi6,67,&8,5B.«> Jalb modnitiM Sl,30 atanieiaolua IS J. W.B H K. KMler.A.B M Krnnrrly, Dr.C.B.R a,M,94 Kvn-y, UortiBwr 48 Klrkpatrlok, C. A H Kiuiiu.PH-T ir Kutir, Dr. Kiulolph I. LabnoM «....» .«••. f lAlmcogloMB 40 Lkbmx 9,40 clAthretiui 21 dbCAffi-ftiumiu i 9,11 manDptvrygiiu ^10 sebnlifcT SI OOtOgrUDBOS 18 ■iperoUiouiA 8,18 lAbroMa »T LAbniapnkber S1,SS,>^BI ]>aib.Oordon 88,84 Luopnini pliuabe* .....•• M Ud|[, WUlUm 81181 Laovxweert, Dr 14 lAvtniA n comprnia tt coBformln .......................... SI ormulcandk 31 exlUc»ud» «,».« hATtoiKua .Sft,S0.4S glbboM SS I*y. O. T 14 LaMMlM 10 LotoeoUoa K Uraada ». lfi.S7.4S UamUm S,38,M.41 LvaeiwoB eftortauia 18,18 orrcwMMU - 1ft, 1* 2>iliXMticniil occiiteataU* 21 Lfnnanl, Capt. C. E. &*m4t 4 L«pMlogB«t«r .^..— 14 seaodricaft ..*......... SB roUculAtoa. n LtpidDgoblo* ktbcUIb .... I nfDES. Papv LeptdomMk 47 JiirroTU 47.81 VitUte 47,51 Lfpldopwlla N Leptoootttu SO ftrm&taB 9t,tT,n Iieptoswincnufl grftoiUa ; 81 I>wii, C'Bptaln IB Upark 14,47 Upuii eyelopDB 39 uoccMtu 28,48 pnlpb«Utu 23,49 Looklugton. W.N 88, 50, 66, SB, «0, 61, 02, S8. M LoDC UiO- Bt^hfa n 11 X<ord, John Kout 40 Loinpfnu* RUCoUUria 28,42 ratkeo, Dr-Chr 4» l^Dxllua o«aldeutalte M,43 Lycodea Turaerll 00 Z.yciodoUI« 87 HoDoamld, Cnocui OeorgeForbw ICicfle, MAUbcw Afjkoken*] oAtching KaorodoD V^lor Mnllotiu pftoiflcita lCiui>«uker Mftther. Frvd 57.66, M,M.i 3l«;Df), Com. R. C llodft tuigiam ! K«fftloooUiu »... IfeRHlup* ]blrlrtt«ocFral(«....... 21,22,: UorlaoKiu piwlBOUu 24,1 MeiH>T>D* - Uutopooopa CoafMrl ; Xlerlstodu ptmctatnt ■•.>.■■■>•*••«>■>■■■•. Hloro|[adiu proxlmiia „.. SUorometrua ftcacrecatua mlnlnma........ SDerMtositlolda, Dotooo MllLOiuiuJKrrovU pl&Lyrbyuoliui ................... MnUlcDMlA „.... UnnrnuoUl ................................. Hono>Taa » HoirbnacflJlfoniteA......... ................ ! proiima..... MttIlor*.Hail» Iduliaooiftb I Uormia mordAE 1 llorphy.J.M liDftcIai caUfomlciu felU ! Uyllotwtla CAllftiniloiia HyUwlieUiu OMiriBoa ...*.» ftatareolna ....m...1b^: MykwlMfliu lateralU MyloleaeoB parovftstu Cf, paWaruleutaB Uylophwodon I^| cottooephKltw , Mb'4 roboatus-... Myrlchthya ClfiiniM UyttlophAgiui fiucUttu , llyxodw Alecsw *., N. NanliM caU/omieft. ................ Kiiarrat«a (Idctor NoutielitfayB ooulo-bsdAlBs NmiMiMKiDtrU NmmUboh ,. BUnehanU » tt,V,\ Mtlriciui IferAiUfiHb luUchMy ..m...... K»r(lhnff, rharlm >*OlOrhTDvllU8 boreRlla...... niacuiiitua M^i (Nisooottna azialla 38,27, Kloblreps M,17t macaloau SBCtl, ODoarhynchns OphlebUiyB ^ (^Idtoa Tajlori tt,9^i Ophidhim ....,..,.. ■tigma »»».... ....4 Opbldlarma calif omteuta Opblodon >..... (doDgatu tSA OpfatathogBalluu » .....r- **' Oplopoma u... pantht^na ..M^ffr.'^ Oreynaa pacillctia 9r,< OrUugoriaciu analia mola OrthodoD mlerolepidotaa »,....,... OrtbopMUa Oamam eUnfatu .« pratloMa thalolchthyt Os(4mgliMintni >>■.«■.••..... OtoliUiiu califbrnlmsla ....<..... Oxjlebloa t.*a.k.....4 pifitoa ..4 OiyJoJla ■M4eataa ». P. Pachylitbnu PaUaa PallM, rytn Panaa,P.S.. Paatoatvoa.. rarieffattii IKDEX. 71 P»ge. OS MpUnw a JariOTti SS pb^rbynehiu S8 , S4 , 25 , .-, IT MbnUfer 17,41 18 BOtoOB 89 t^khlkji tl 28,48 ibaopa 43 84 41 H.0 60 tl fi|hijiAyT»«a M;48 HabtenUl 88 TKoliu 81.28,48 87 27,28,43 .J.DMfbnl 4 47 10 ftn^flTlpMOM 68 fumpia HMnmotwIU 88 hKtj,Cm.M.C 26 htm^-W 40 htm,-w.c.n 45 AtnajnoaMtMi 27,31 eOUtas 88,81 UTidu 87,81 plombeoa 28,31 UideoUtaa 18,31 ftthNJitw 9 Acipenaeriniu 10 Attrndoa 31 ftucAtoa 21,29,41 mn^Bunet 63 PU*Ichthyo« 63 n«loMiopoa 88 IW^AIph 61 Kiw 03,83 VhiBrttnu 47 argvBUHimn* 47,51 BiCy«4oi 40 nUMMbOiBHU 38,18,43 l^lalU 20 •telUU 20 BrtkhUiyi 21 rnffiMiia 21,28 ■teUBttu 43 ttinbroaiu 85,28 "MtOfTlBjiniu , 84 ''*««woecte« arcufttiu 48 dcfttricoaiu 10 dignmmiu 86 FimnklinU 38 blppOgloHOS 10 macnloMu 31 qnadiitaberonlfttu 10 •tollatu 10 'l«vwctideofSun»DelM)o 83 ''^vaMJlotdi, ayBopaia oT. 89 Pkge. Plennmiohthyt 21 ocDOMiu 31,38; 48 goUiiUtoa 36)28 BobtardU 48 "Podgcn" 60 Fo^tbeciu 84 Pogonkhthys ugynlMiis 31,39,44 oommimla 39 lueqilllobiu 31,11^44 ■jnunetrleoa Sl« 31^44. PtnnftMntralds 87 Pamolobu 68 Foole, Frmndi 4 Portehthyi 31 BotKtiu .31,2^48 PoxoBotoa ■ImlUlmtu 88,41 Porter, B.B , 87 Portland OngoitaiB < 48 Potamocotkiu 88 puBotnlatiu 88 Potter. Xmwy D 68 Pntt,K.B 68 Price, Hir Boee 60 Protoptenu « 40 pMttlchthyt 81 Paettlohthys meluioatlotiu 31,28,48 •ordidoa 31,38,a Psychndatee 86 pumdoxna 85 PteroffBftthiu wtlrtciu 43 Pteroplftteft mannoratB 88,44 Ptychooheiliu 23 gnMrilU 88 grmndis 80,48 Inoliu 25,43 mn^or 28 oregonensle 90 ntpu .......26,30.43 Torax 25,30 PtychoetomoB oongettiu 58 Putnam, F. W 37,47 PyrrhttUnB 18 B. B«U 15 BiOobatla 10 blnooolat* 22 Cooporl 27,31 lUttniy, A lexander 4 Bedding, B.B 66,80,81.82,63,64 Beptilea of Wyoming 48 Kbachocheilna tozotea 41 BhacochUos toxotca 20,29 Bhintcbtbya henaharii 47 Bbina calirornica 44 Bhinobataa prodaotns 31, 44 Bbinoptera respertilio 25,31,44 Bblnow!ion 34 aaturniu 41 Bbinotriada 88 Henlei 38 Blebardaon 3 Blchardaoniaa 26 balteatas 80 Uteralia 36,80 Page. lUohArdMni. J 14 SI(Alknl»aa, John 18,80 BobaoD, John J* 08 Itock cod 40,51 Ztockwood, A. P HOa Boandtbh 40 & 8 62 Bwrrantto TOOOTO ■•.>••■•■•••■.**••■■..... 48 MUmUIl..M«a*a-.... ..•.■.....■■ 4S Sttlu-lHdeA 30 Lfwisl. ,. 15 TlTRliudto ZB.80 Bftlmo «...« 41 BainlU M brvvtoanda M <uuBpb«lU 84 ramlH ,. •...■■■.. .............. S8 Clarkll 11 oonflueatiii M eooMutBA 20 derawttna* 20 ftmttiiaUs so Galraoerl I3,1M0 K^bbor M GiblMtt » 2B HouihAwl SB Irldm .3S,4a,«l KeoMrtyl St, 00 lafoc«t»hK)iia 10 lonlii 40 IfMonI 81,48 mmrlociDnuta 40 NrwberriJ M nltidu* U^U (UalloCuan {MUlfloW 18 pancidnu U,10 Parkri M plrQritloai n prot4<as 10 qninnat 18, IS, 10, 30, 43, 41^ 03. M Tlralarti 13 16.48.6a U, 1«, 10, 30i 43 ,.w..«... 10 98^80 48 - M 18. 15.18 tO(t«* «B TlrglmUa 4i^«I^M;«a,M Wamnl 84 BclmoD 40 C»lifara[ft 00,97 CiASed ■•••..., 88 Sahnon flnhinie*, Oi>maa. .»••• 48 BAlmuollftbiDig 18 SAliiKm, hi«arl««4AJ0Uiicia BT SfttaDoaldK 88^40^87 thXator^.ttc^mt 08 Nortb AmnrieM 9t ofPMUlo 40 nulaciowiw 84,58 (SMiridaj hieiowp*.... 88 l\ flitavAge, R K 8fty. T Smmmoo, Capt. C. M , SclitUu, Ale^nder ScUter, P.L 8oou)b«r 14, ScoB^^diego $$^ ScomlKinMKix Sooanbreaoi btVTlRMtrla SocHnbrooottuH aalnMraeoi |i( Seaipatiw ipittatii ^M, Soorpniiohtbyfl laternUB SI, fBariDuratQs SO^H* SoorpiBBldB Soorpto , , ealifbrnlmiU SmI Muda of Aiuka, nport on 8«bw(«a H,tt, aoricnbitaa !MM^ Ayrraii eloDgataa fanclatiu fla vidua. hd romaoulatoa melanopa oaboluMiB ttlcnkofaoiM ooellatiia om]1a pauelaplDla 21. 22, 8^ 81.38. rvbsr 81, mb«r TV. pM-nu TulabOla SelwtodM •avldaa uvalbi Ssbaatoid fkabea aebMtotda. B«ba>t«phu Sebaatowmns. atnolana. polltaa tt^i thnum Shftd, CaUfonila 48. 48^ 81, 81.1 flniCatlfiinUA. Bfhyt iuaada Cspt. J H ttpfaaipiBna l»rbataa SUntMivca, Capt. L «Mk.J B amvlta, CaUforate 8iitlth,0. J Dr. Andraw INDEX. 73 i'age. , 44 (AcutUaa) nicUeyi 22 M 46 G.M 4 •TBopslaof 8fi calUdrnk* 32 Robert B.C 62 Jftpetu 63 r,Fniu 32, 46, 40. SO, 63, 64 84 32.38 82,41 L I 83 Is, DOteOB 80 puaotato* SO 40 UrlBSBton 47. 48, 49^ SO. 52,64, 68,08 8 r. DsTid Homphnya 10 ■n. J.J 63 T1HM.H 66 , Johannw 88 ■pearing 40 iHktor. G«a, M. D 20,88.84.37,48 G 26 tlftms 61 Ifinftthn 3 AbboU 27 ■rnndlTHPiw 27,80.44 brtrrirmtria 21,80 eaUforaifltisto 10,80,44 dlmidintos 36,44 CriaeoUnMtiu 22,44 l«plortljilchu 21,80.44 43 T. 84 Utenlla 41 TA^B.C 03 TallHit,B 50 TantaCta 12.18 Titradoo poUcna 27,80 n^ekhthja 27 StflTeosU 27,30 Ttoaahv aUrk, fttUok of 45 Tbf«ck]Dortoii,S.B... 46,48.40 Tmroi* 25 eoUtl* 25 , 26 Ucolor 26,80 oonfonnU 80.48 cta^ 28,80,48 «Cnfflik 27.8<i (racOU 25.30 HoBboldtl 25,80 lotetmedi* 25 UanU 25,30 nlmaecDs 25 oInu 25,30 pBfvnm 25 •fnumto 33 W.0 8,0 15 taMtnim 24,44 Timj.Jate w.io Pag«. TowDSend, John E 16 TrachiDQS oirrboaoB JO trlchodoo 0,10,11 Trftcfaonu boopa 27,28 symmetriciiB 28,42 TrUcis seinifasciattis 44 Triakis semlfuciatum 22,31 Trlchodon nneatna «2,42 Btelleri 11,16 Trochocopaa 88 pnlcher 41 Troscfael, O 23 TroMhel,F.H 20 Trowbridge, Ueot. W. P 21,24 Trygon f 44 Tomer, Wimaaj N 40 TyphlogobiOB caHfomieiiala 64 U. Umbra 16 Umbrtoa undulsta 21,28,41 United States FlahCommisaioBer't report.. 40,54 Uranidea punotolsta 62 vheeleri 47. 62 Uraptera binocniata 31, 44 Urolophos Halleri 38, 44 Uropsetta 36 V. VasconTer Island 30, 40 Vaatrea •- 18 Ten'egas 8 Mlgoel 7 Vertebrata, Cretaoeona 61 Vigor«,N.A 14 Viviparous fish 23, 24, 40 flab ttom Jspan 24 fishes, notice upon 23 perch 00 W. Wachn^a Cnmtachatlca 0 "Warreo" 40 We8teni.C.B 64 Wheeler, Lient. G. M 47, 51, 60 Whipple, Lleat A. W 26. 31 WaUamson, Lieut. R. 8 20. 25, 26, 31 Wilmot. Sam S". Wilson. John L 60 Sir Samuel WoodhonBO,8.W W.V.S Wyraan, JoffHes .. . 60,61 19 66 21, 23, 26, 3-J X. Xantns, J 30,37 Xeuichtbys califomlensls 40 XiphldSon 27 mucosnm 27, 42 mucosus 28 Xiphiilium rruoreuni 46 Y. Yarrow. H. C 48,40,51.63,50 Yukon KiviT fishes 44 Z. Zaniolepis 26 latiplnnis 26,28 Zygaeua, remarks on the foetal 23 Zygoneciea 8 S^cpcirf mcnf of flic S^nfcrior- y^^ t:. s. national MusEmi. 12 BULLETIN (Mli:i) STATKS NATIONAL MTSEIM I-; -1 nMUlUlTlii.NS TO XOIiTH AMERICAN ICIITIIYHLIKIY. M). I!. A --< )ii ilif Difttiiliutitm of i\w KiHlmsof tln' AUi'jjliuny liejjion • •r Miiith ('uniliiiii, (it'orpa, and 'iViiiicKHci*, wilh I>fM-ri|iti<iiiH n| Nrw or LittlfKimwn Sjm'cm-m. DAVID S. JOIIDAN \i.i:.MHi:irr \v. HUAvroN I'.— A Syiiiipsis (if till" Faiiiily <'al(wtoini(la*. »Y DAVID S, JoliDAN. WASH I NCTON: < J <> V i: ij X M I : N r i* iii n 1 1 .\ < ; o i- 1 ■ i c E . I s 7 s . ^epartmcTii of ih« 3Jnierior V. a. NATIONAL UaSEUM. 12 BULLETIN OF THB HTED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. IsTo. 13. PUBU8HKD DSDEB THE DIEECTIOS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. WASHINGTON: ®OT»BRMBHT PEINTINO OFFIOB. 1878. ADVERTISEMENT. This work is the twelfth of a series of papers intended to illustrate the collections of Kataral History and Ethnology belonging to the United States and constituting the National Mnseam, of which the SmithBObiali Institntion was placed in charge by the act of Congress of Angnst 10, 1846. It has been prepared at the request of the Institution, and printed by authority of the honorable Secretary of the Interior. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, May^ 1878, CONTRIBUTIONS ro MTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. BASED PRIMASILY ON TBS ( COLLECTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MDSEUM. III. A.— On the I>iivtribtttion of the Fishes of the Alleghany Region of Ponth Carolina, 0«or8;ia, andTenDeasee, with Deacriptionf* of New or Little Known Species. BY DAVID S. JORDAN AKD ALEMBERT W. BRAYTON. B. — A Synopsis of the Family Catostomidffi. BY DAVID S. JORDAN. WASHINGTON: OOTBBNHSNT PBINTINO OFFICE 1878. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Pi«e. JM)d Um distribntioD of tfae fleheB of the Allegbany Region of Sooth Carolina, Georgi*, and Tennetsee, with desciiptions of new or little known ^ecies 7 Urt of streams examined 8 habbb Baain , 11 SiTunahBaain .' 29 Altamaha Baaio 34 Cfaattaboochee Basin 39 ihhama Baain 44 TeniMaMte Basin 56 Cmberlaxul Basin 71 Bceapitolatioo 82 Table abo wing the diatribntion of speeiee 82 DMtzibntion of genera 88 Conclnaiona 91 ■.—STiiaptta of tbe family Catoetomidn 97 CatostominaB 98 CreleptiniB 98 BobalichthyiniB 99 Lilt of nominal q»ecies 100 inalxeis of genera 103 Gfloaa QoaMilabia 104 Qoaesilabia lacera 106 Genns Placopharynx . .. 107 Plaeophanrnx carioatns 108 Genos Ifjxostoma 110 Myxostoma carpio 11B Myxostoma earyopa 119 Hyxoetoma roacrolepidotom 120 Myxoatoma aareolum 124 Mjxoatomacrawilabre 126 Myxostoma conus 126 Xyxflstoma anisnra 126 Myxostoma poecilora 128 Myxostoma slbidam 129 Myxostoma cervinam 129 Myxostoma albom 130 Myxostoma tholaMionm ..• 13t Myxostoma velatam 132 Myxostoma coDgestom 133 Myxostoma pidiense 133 Myxostoma coregonns 134 Myxostoma papilloenm 134 Gnas Miny trema 136 Miaytrema melanops 138 6 TABLE OF C0:STEN18. Page. Genas Erimyzon 140 Erimyzou sacetta - 144 ErimyzoD goodoi ■ 148 Genns Chasmistea ; 149 CbaBDiistes fecundns .. 150 Genus Cntostomns 151 Catostonins nigricans IGA Catoatomns clarki 165 Catoatomiw icsignis .- 165 CatostomoB teres 16R Catostoiuas luacrochiltia - 171 Catoatomns occidentalis 179 Catostomns labiatiis 173 Catoatomuaarseopas.-. ^, 173 Cutostomuataboensis 173 Catostomns roatratas 174 CatoatomuaLuBgivostri» ,,,■.,, 175 Catostomns retropimiia 17B Catostomna latipinnia - 178 Catoatonina discobolus 179 Genua Pantoatoua 180 Pantoatens virescens 183 PaDtoateaspIatyrhynohaa 183 Pantoatens K^^nerosus 183 Pantoatena plebeius ,... 184 Genns Cycleptus 186 Cycloptns elongatua 169 Genua Carpiodea 190 Carpiodea diHbnnis 195 Carpiodea cntisanserinaa 196 Carpiodes velifer 196 Carpiodea bison ..... 197 Carpiodes tbompsoni 198 Carpiodea cyprinna }98 Cari)iodes carpio ... SOO Genus Bubalichthya 201 Bnbalichthys bubalua )J06 Babalichthys urua S09 Bnbalicbtbya meridionalia 210 Genus Icbtbyobns 211 Ichtbyobns bubalns 214 Genus Myxocyprinna 817 Myxocyprinua aaiaticna 217 Addendum S»19 Cbaamistealiorus 219 Catostomns fecundns • 219 Bibltograpby 221 Index 831 IBUTIONS TO TORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. No. 3. IS THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE FISHES OF THE ALLEGHANY HON OF SOUTH CAROLINA, GEORGIA, AND TENNESSEE, 'H DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW OR LITTLE KNOWN SPECIES, Bt DATZD 8. JOBDAH AXD AlUCHEHT W. BRAYTOX. TliU.p«per is biu»e(1 primarily on the collectiona made by tlie present asAisted by Mr. O. H. Gilbert, and a party of students from University, during the pa«t aammer (1877), in varions streams of Caruliuu, Georgia* and Tennessee. For the purpose of a more IcU? dJMCUHMiou of ijuestious of geographical distribution, the au- bave brought together, with their own observations, those pi'evi- ly miiil« ou the fisU-faonic of the same streams by other writers, ly lb4» ol»M.'>rvatiouH on the fishes of the Tennessee Basin by Aganaiz;* those on the fishes of the basins of tbe Sauteef ba>y TcDDO0Hee,| and Camberland,|| by Professor Cope, and ou l>«A of the Cumberland, Tennessee, Alabama, and AIrnmah:i ''Xolsev of a Cotlrctiuu of V'mhvH fr-irii tlii* ^^onlbcni iWnd i>f ttiu TL-iineiiaoe lUvcr, lu li.. sjfc*- ..f Al„t...... . By L. AguAt>i2. < Atuerican Journal Sci. Arta, 1jS4, pji. 207- i ri»bc8 of North CaroUnn. ByE.D.Copo. <Proc.Am.Phil( I_^ life. Ml* Uk' »u of Krt«lfWaUr FiafaM to the Alleghany Kogioti of Boatb-WMteni l;> il It. i.'apti, A. M. < Joaruul Aeiul. Xat. 8oi. PUilo. uew serleo, vol. vi, , JMiurjr. l£)(JU, pp. 307-^7. ICb mmt Btlwo«toBiiti« Perch from TenDOiMe and North Carolina. By E. D. Cojw. H ftai. Am. rwfen. eoc, 187fJ^ pp. 361-270. 8 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ^IH. basins by Professor Jordan.* The parpose of this paper is to give * rifiumi of all that is certainly known in regard to the ichthyology of the seven bydrographio basins embraced in its scope, viz, the Santee, Savannah, Altamaba, Chattahoochee, Alabama, Tennessee, and Gun- berland. For purposes of comparison, a t4ible of distribntion of spedes is added, which includes, in addition, what is known of the flsh-fuinB of the James, Koanoke, Neuse, Qreat Pedee, and Ohio. The following is a classified list of the streams which have been ex- amined in each water-basin inclndcd in this paper, with a word or two suggestive of the character of each stream. The collectious in eveiy case were made by one or both of the present writers, unless otherwise stated LIST OF STREAMS EXAMINED. I.— SANTEE SASm. 1. Catawba Kiver and tributaries in North Carolina. (Cope, 1869.) 2. Ennoree Iliver, near Chick Springs, S. C. (Deep, muddy, and rapid.) 3. Reedy River, at Greenville Court-House, S. C. (Muddy.) 4. Saluda River, at Farr's Mills, west of Greenville. (Clear and rapid; a fine seining-gronnd.) II.— SAVANNAH BASIN. 1. Tngaloo River, Habersham County, Ga., Just below month of Panther. (Clear, broad rapids.) 2. Panther Creek, north of Toccoa City, Ga. (Clear monntain-etreftm.) 3. Toccoa Creek, below Toccoa Falls, Ga. (Clear, cold moantain- stream ; contains little besides Hydrophlox ntbricroceus.) 4. Toxaway and Chatuga Rivers and tributaries about the foot of White- side Mountain. (Clear monntaiD-streams, abounding in Troat.) III.— ALTAMAHA BASIN. 1. Oconee River, at Sulphur Springs aud Fuller's Mills, Hall Gonnty, Georgia. (Clear.) 2. Ocmulgoe River, Reed'd Fish-pond, south of Atlanta, Ga. (Head- waters; clear.) 3. Oomulgee River, South Fork, Flat Rock, De Kalb County, Georgia. (Partiv clear ; a small falls, and a deep basin worn in granite rock; am for seining.) ipsls of the Fishes of UpperOeorgia; with Supplementary Papenon KM, Kentucky aud Indiana. By David Starr Jordan, M. D., Ph. D roeam Nat Hist. vol. xi, 1877, pp. 307-377. Oir TEU5 nSHES OF THE ALLEGHANT REGION. 9 4. Ocmalgeo Biver, Macon, Oa. (Oollectiou of Dr. T. H. Bean and other members of the United States Fish Oommission.) IV. — CHATTAHOOOnEE BASIN. 1. Chattahoochee Biver at Shallow Ford, northwest of OainesviUe, Ga. (Broad, shallow, rapid ; water moderately clear.) 2. Suwannee Creek, near Suwannee, Gwinnett Ooanty, Ga. (Deep, muddy, and very cold. Contains chiefly Codama eurystoma.) Z. Peach Tree Creek, just north of Atlanta. (Deep and muddy.) ^ STancy's Creek, northwest of Atlanta. (Clear and rapid.) fiu Flint Biver, in Taylor County. (Collection of Dr. Hugh M. Neisler in United States National Musenm.) v.— ALABAMA BASIN. A, — EUncah Biver. 1. Pettis Creek, near Cartersville, Ga. (Clear, rocky.) 2. Silver Creek, near Borne, Ga. (Clear, rapid ; a fine stream for col- lecting.) 3. Dyke's Creek and Pond, near Borne, Ga. (Clear and cold.) B, — Oostanaula Eiver, 4. Bocky Creek, near Floyd Springs, Ga. (A fine, clear stream.) 5. John's Creek, near Floyd Springs. (Clear.) 6. Lovejoy's Creek, near Floyd Springs. (A small sandy stream, full of fishes.) 7. Big Armuchee Creek, above Borne. (Clear.) 8. Big Dry Creek, near Borne. (A succession of weedy rock-pools.) 9. Little Dry Creek, near Bome. (Like the preceding.) 10. Waters's Creek, above Bome. (Muddy and rocky.) 11. Lavender Creek, in Texas Valley, Ga. (A small clear stream.) 0. — Coosa River. 12' Beech Creek, near Bome. (Muddy.) I^ Horse-leg Creek, near Bome. (Bocky, clear.) H Little Cedar Creek, at Cave Spring, Ga. (A fine, clear, cold stream. Ooe of the best for the oollection of fishes. Abounds in Xenisma MUferum^ Eydropklox ohrosomusy Codoma caUistiaj and other beautifal species.) ^•^ Alabama Biver^ near Montgomery, Ala, (Collection of Dr. Bean and others, 1876.) 10 CONTBIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMBBICAN ICHTHTOLOGT — ^IIL VI.— TENIVESSEB BASIN. A, — Upper Course* 1. Glioch Biver, tributaries in Southwestern Virginia. (Cope, 1868.) 2. Powell's River, near Onmberland Gap. (Clear.) 3. Indian Creek, near Cumberland Qap. (Clear.) 4. Station Creek, near Cnmberland Oap. (Clear.) 5. Holston River, various tributaries in Soathwestem YirioQia* (Cope, 1868.) C. French Broad River, at Newport, Tenn. (Bather deep and maddy.) 7. French Broad Biver, about Warm Springs, K. C, Asheville, 2T. 0., and elsewhere.) (Cope, 1869.) (Rapid, rocky, and generally clear.) 8. Big Pigeon River, at Cliffton, Tenn. (Rather clear.) 9. Swaonanoa Biver, at foot of Black Mountain. (Clear, cold mount- aiu-stream, with trout.) B, — Lower Course. 10. Cbickamanga Biver, at Binggold, 6a. (Bather clear and veiy rocky.) 11. Tributaries of Tennessee Biver, about Huntsvillo, Ala. (Agassis; Kewman's collection, 1853.) 12. Tributaries of Tennessee Biver, about Florence, Ala. (Storer, 18i5.) 13. Elk Biver and tributaries, at Estill Springs, Tcun. (Clear, rocky, and cold.) Vn.— CUMBERLAND BASIN. 1. Bound-Stone Biver, Rock Castle County, Kentucky. (Clear.) 2. Rock Castle River, Livingston, Ky. (Clear and rocky.) 3. Big Laurel River, Laurel County, Kentucky. ;Clear.) 4. Cumberland River, about Pineville, Ky. (Clear, rocky.) 5. Yellow Creek, near Cumberland Gap. (Rather muddy.) 6. South Fork of Cumberland lUver, in Tennessee. (Cope, 1869.) 7. Cumberland Biver and tributaries, near Nashville. (Winchell,1876.) 8. Stone River, Murfreesboro', Tenn. (Clear and rooky.) It will be noticed that almost without exception the above-mentioned localities are in the mountainous or upland parts of the different water- basins. Of the fishes inhabiting distinctively the lowland couraes of most of the streams^ little is yet definitely known* FI8RE8 OF THE 8ANTEE BASIN. 11 8ftDtee, SnvAuimlj, AUAmaba, and ChuttaboocbDo have bcea toiMl oaly in that jiait of their coursfl whiub flows ovpr metamor- Tbe thtte Wf stern streams bare been studied cbiefly in the )De regions. Tbe lilbological character of tbo bed of a stream ncercaiu iiitlueuco ou its H^h-fauua, as will be sceu bei-eufter. Geu- rRiU> limetitone 8tTvaina are richer in specioA than those with granitic Mtuma. The lyp^R of the new Hpecies dew^ribed below are deposited in the C•iti^<l Sutte-s >{atiouul Maseum at. Wasbingtou, and iu tbe Museum of Jotlcr Ubiv^r^lty, Indianapolis, Indiana. I. — SAITTEB BASIK. Tb!rty-uiDe 8|>ecies are ascertained to occur iu the headwaters of tbe iver, tbirty-tbreo having been obtained by Professor Cope in fba Uiver in North Carolina, and thirty by the present writers ta tlM9 SttUidtt and Euuoree iu South Carolina. Of these thirty nine [leei^ tea are Dot as yet knowu from any other hydrographic leae are : Alrordiuft crasiuSj KotkonotUH thata^^inns, Ceratichtkys CcratkhthyH caHCwtM, Codoma pi/rrhomclat<i Codoma chloristUu twjeni* niveua^ Allrurnops chioroeqtfitiius^ Allfurnopa saludtinuVj aud \tom4i album. Tbe apparent absence of LitJtilua cornutus in tbe , Santve, Savannah, Alt^imaha, and Chattaboocbee Basins i:^ , ub that species is abundant in the tributaries of the Neuse on emsx and the Alabama ou the west, as iu all streams northward to Ujaaesota aud ^^uw England. Tl ' -^ most abundant as to individuals, in the Salnda at leasts jij.,.,... -^ Xvlropiu phvtOiji'tm, Jlext to this como Codoma pyrrhome- and VcraiieMhipi Oiffuttatm. Uf the CatoHtomid(Ff Myxoatoma ccrvinum Id be the predominant species; of the JSUuridWf Amiurus brun- •»«, and of Uie Centrarchidn^ LepwpoHiiof auritim. The (rltief foo<l- ft((L«ii uc OreeriVille, S. C, are the **Mu<I Cats*' {Amiurua brunneutt aud i^foepKaluM}^ tbe ^*FinoAcaled Buoker*' {Catostomu^t commerjtoni), the {AnffnHia rj«/^«i*M], the **Sj»otled Sneker*^ {Minytrema uielanopH), the INreb** (LepiopomuM avrUuM], the ''War-month Perch " {ChanobryUuH >tnrf^), Uio ''.lack^ {^Ehox reticulatns), aud the ''Jump Kocks^* {My,ra- 12 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY — HI ETHEOSTOMATID^. Genus ALVORDIUS Girard. 1, Al.VOUDlUS CfiASSUS, «/). ttov, EtheostoiM maeuJahtm var. Copp., Pmc. Am. Philos. Soc. ItCO, 961, 903, and 449. (Not, JIadroptfriu nuuulatui Gir&rd.) A Species bonring considernblo resemblnuc© to ^I. a(fpro, bnt I dislinctly marked uiid more benvity bniU, tbe form being lesH gracefn than that of the other members of the geoaa. Body considerably com piv^aedi tbe depth 4} times in length to origin of caudal (as in nil e iu this paper). Head comparatively Kbort, 3} in length; the snou medium, not acuminate as in A* phoxac^hahiaj nor especially obtase Eye moderate, as long as snout, 4 iu head. Mouth ratber small for th genus, nearly borizoutui, tbe upper jaw but little the longer: upper jaw not projectile: maxillary reaching anterior margin of eye. ■ Cheeks naked: opercles with a few scales above: back and breas naked: middle lino of belly in some specimens naked: in others wit cularged plates. Scales on the body rather larger than usual, abon 7-55-7. Fins moderately developed: dorsal XIl-I, 10, varying to Xf-I, 11 an increase iu the number of the spines, as nsual, accompanying decrease in the number of soft rays, a rule apparently not hitherto noticed, and perhaps not of general application. The two dorsal fln are well separated, the first being longer than the second, but consid ably lower. Anal fin shorter, but higher than second dorsal, II, 0; the two spines well developed. Caudal fin deeply lunnte, almost furcate. Poctonili and ventrals large, their tips about equal. Coloration rather plaiu. General hue olivaceons; the back markf with darker, as in the other species of the genus. Sides with a serh of dark olive, rounded blotches, connected along the lateral Hue by narrow, dark band j a dark streak forwartl, and one downward from the' eye. First doi'sal with a dark spot in front, and another on its last rays. Secon4l dorsal, caudal, and |>ectoral8 barred with dark spot Anal and veutniU aucolon^d. Length of longest specimens observed, ."5 inchea HnhiUit. — Saluda, Ennoive, and Reedy Rivers, in nipid water, espe* cially abundant iu the Saluda at Fan^s Mills. Also recorded by Co[ from the Catawba. rto 1 Genus BOLEOSOMA DeKaij, 3. BOLEOSOMjL MAOULATICEFB Cope, mmemttiiicep* CoPK (I.«70).Pro<'. Am. PIiiloR. Sik-„ 2G9 and 4S0. (Catawba 1L>— Jordan A Cov^ukSD (1676)^ Check Llat (BulL BuiTulo Soo. Nat. Xilai.}^ I8X (Naino only.) pM JoRDAJv (1S7T), Boll. U. S. Nat Mun. x, 15. (Name only.) «{««f<rif JoRDAJt (1S77), Add. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist 3&9. (Ocmulgeo Rlvor.) ^H A single specimeu takeu iu the Saluda Kiver at Forres Mills answers ^H^ply lo Prote^Hor Cope's Oescription. The npper part of the cheeks ^^^^^^wever, u few scattering scales. This species is a true Bokamma. ^^^^^KtS^ ^^*^ O'l^ ^^ Boleoaoma has but a slofrleanal spine and IS. efful- fRu and £. maculaticepH have two anal epiues, the esaeutial character of (hote apiDes is the same in both cases, and the genus Arlina, based on & rfml^feMM, is a synonym of Boleosojua, Iu Boleosoma, the spines are ftll weak and flexible, and those of the anal especially so. In most or »U of ihe other genera of Echeoatomatida, the anal spines are stiff and loag, and, with scarcely an exceptioa, the first spine is the longer of the tvo. In the species of Boleosoma, with two anal spines, the two spines air uucqiiul, the second the longer, both extremely slender and flexible; Kit at all ^^spioe^-Uke, except that they are not inarticulate. This f^Me condition of the spines seems to constitute the chief generic diaraeter of Boleosania, ^L Two of Ihe si>eoies provisionally referred by Professor Jordan (Bull, ^|tr. & Xat. Mos. X) to *^ArUna^j tIz, Arlina 9tig7tuea Jor. and A. atripin- ■tf Jor^ have Uie auat spines well developed, as usual iu EOieostomatidw. Ttae two Bpeciea and their congeners apparently constitute a distinct as, (lilTifring fVom Diplcaium in the toothed vomer aud from Notho- Id the protractile upper jaw. For this genus, the name of itra (Jordan) baa been suggested (Man. VerL ed. 2d, p. 223J, iu to Cbe development of the spines. Genua NOTHOXOTUS Ayassit. A kaodaocDO apedea, differing from the others now referred to this CniQ* in tbe eiitlre nakedness of the head. nUher stout, the depth about 5 times in the length, com. i'jv«»«i Mii' ' ■* "^ iMick somewhat arched. Head large, 4 in length, tLfsaootr.i unt nud convex iu profile; a pretty decidt-'d angle 14 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — III. i 1 opposite the eye. Eyes largo, bigh ap, looker than the mazele, 3} iu bead : iiiterorbital space rather narrow, the eye liaving some upwoxd range. Mouth moderate, slightly abliqae, the maxillary reaching Xi orbit. Upper jaw slightly longer than the lower, not protractile, kit eutirely naked, both cheeks and oiH.'ircles being destitute of scales. Scales large, 6-43-5. Belly scaled : throat nuked : neck auteriorl] naked, but scaly in front of the dorsal : lateral line complete. Fins all large : U, X-1, 10, or IX-1, 11, the membrane of the first doi sal continued to the base of the second : longest dorsal spine a littU over half the length of the head, scarcely shorter than the soft rays; the base of the spinous dorsal n little longer than that of the soft doi sal. Anal 11^ S, rather smaller than second dorsal, the first spine longer' and larger than the second. Caudal Hii deeply lunate, almost forked. Pectoral and ventral Qos large; the former reaching nearly to the vent the latter somewhat shorter. Color, in spirits: Olive, closely mottled and tessellated above with^ dark green ; this color extending down the siden, forming sis or eighty irregular dark green bars. Ilead dark green ; a dark green line dowoi ward from eye and another forward. Fins in males nearly plain, tb< spinous dorsal with a black edge; females with all the tins except th^ ventrals closely barred or sjwckled with dark green. Two pale orange s|>ots at the base of ttie candal. Life-colors : The colors of a male specimen in life are us follows: Body dark olive and blotche<l above: sides with nine dark blue-greon vertii bars, the five next the last most distinct, and reaching down nearly the anal. Spinous dorsal reddish at base, then with a broad blacl band, the uppermost third being of a bright fermginoos orange-red second dorsal blackish at base, reddish above: caudal with two ornoj blotches at base, black mesially, pale orange externally. Anal fin of brilliant blue-green culor at base, pale at tip. Pectorals barred, tb< middle of the fin grass-green. Ventrals dnsby meslally, with a greei ^hnde. Opercular region more or less grass-green : streaks al>out ey4 blackish -green. Length of largest specimens taken, 2^ inches. habitat — Very abnndant in all the streams seined, especially so iu the rocky shoals of Keedy Kiver in the city of Greenvi This handsome little (Ish may be easily known from the smooth heail, and by the general greenness of its coloration,' whlolfl resembles somewbat that of the species of Viplcsinm, >dy icalJ 1, traj^nrviuiij »v lu ille. J 1 its congeners bjfl VIBHES OF THE SANTEB BASIN. 15 Genus ETHEOSTOMA Bafinesque. 4. ETHEOSTOMA FLABEXLAQB Haf, {CaUmoin$ Jlahellatus Anct.) Three specimens doabtfally referred to this species were obtained by Professer Cope in tbe Catawba Blver. CENTRARCHID^. Genus MICROPTERUS Lac6phde, 5. MiOBOFTBBVS FAXxmns {Bafinosque) QiU <t Jwdan, Professor Cope obtained this species in the Catawba. We collected none in tbe Salada or Ennoree, but we were told that " Tront", as tbe species of Micropterus are universally called in the Sonth^ are frequently taken there. Genus CH^NOBRTTTUS GiK 6. CaaiNOBETTTUS TIHIDIS (Ctw. d: VaL) Jordan, The War-month Perch occurs in abundance in the Saluda, and appar- ently in all the South Atlantic streams. Cope says that it is exceedingly common in all tbe streams of Eastern Korth Carolina, and that it is kDown as the Red-eyed Bream on the Catawba. This species is very doBely related to C guloaus, differing chiefiiy in the color and in the somewhat less robust form. It may be only a variety. Genus LEPIOPOMUS Eafinesqm. 7. LEPiOPOMtrs AtTBiTUS {lAnnmus) Raf, All my specimens of this species from the Saluda have a dusky blotch Of bar at the base of the soft dorsal, a feature of coloration not shown by oiy Korthern specimens. This is a widely diffused species, and, like most ^Qch, is quite variable. Genus EUPOMOTIS GUI dt Jordan. 8. EuPOMOTis AUREUS (Wolbaum) QUI & Jordan, Proft^sor Cope obtained this species in Catawba River. We have DBviDr collected it in the Southern States. It is probably chiefly con- fined to the lowland regions. 16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOKTH AMERICAK ICHTHYOLOGY — HI. ESOCIDJi. Genus ESOX Linnmts. 9. Esox BBTIOULATUS Le Sueur. Very common. We are annble to distingaisb tbe Southern form [pluilerattts Say, afftni^ Holbrook) as e^en varietally distinct from tb< Northern reticulatua. 10. Esox UAYEi^Li Eolbrook, Obtained by Professor Oope in the Oatiiwba. Its specific distinctioi from E. americanus Qmeliu appears questionable. SALMONID^. Genus SALVELINUS Richardson, 11. Salvelikus FONTtNALis {MitchiU) Gill d; Jordan, This Bpecies was found by Professor Cope in the headwaters of Catawba River. CYPRINIDxE. Genus CAMPOSTOMA Agassis, 12. Gaufostoua anovaluu (fia/.) Ag, Subspecies proJirum (Storer) Jor. few specimens from Saluda River. Also in the Catawba (Cope) Genus HYBOGNATHUS Agassis. 13. HYBOGNATHUS AROYHITIS Girard, A few specimens were obtained in Saluda River, not distiiiguishabU from others from Ohio lliver and others (types of if, osmcrinui Cope) from New Jersey. Professor Cope found it abundant in Catawba Biver^ Genus ALBURNOPS Girard, 14. ALBURNOPS 8AL.UDANUS, «J>. n<»r. »* VATlety from the Catawba," Cora Clb70), Pnie, Am. ruiloa. 8oo* At A Species belonging to ^^B^bopBvf, Group A", of Cope, which is equl to tlie sabgeneric section of Alburnopa or ^^ Uyhopisis'"^ called iiiu by Girard. BchIv liloogutet but compiirod with its immediate relatives, huthonim^ «a«ntt, auid MtoreruinuM, nliort and thick ; moderately compressed, the 4(pUi 4) in leogth : caudal |>eduucle sliortened, 4J iu leugth : head large, i timeji ia loDi^th, relaLively heavy and gibboux forward, the Kiiont noDded in profile, asi in .1. hudiioniwi. Eye large, rather wider than Mm^rbit^l stmce, about equal to suout, 3^ iu betid. Voutb moderate, Hubiuferior, the maxillary not reaching to eye. £calea 1arg<\ ibiu, and loose, 5-39-3, about twelve in front of the dor- ad fto. LiAt^ral line somewhat decurved iu trout. Vitn fuotlerately developed. Dorsal beginning iu advance of veutrals, 9; its finit ray nearer snout than caudal. Anal I, 8, rather small. i\» not reaching to ventraU, the latter not to vent. [ear olivaceons, nearly whit«, like the rest of the group, some ttliowing a faint plumbeous lateral Hue. tKHh 1, 4-4, 1, two or three of the principal row obtuse, not hooked ; ly voe or two of the teeth usually showing a masticatory face. BakiUtt, — Abundant in Saluda Kiver, where it reaches a lt?nyth of II fuur inches. Also obtained by Professor Cope from the Catawba. Ibe peculiar characters of this species have been noticed by Pro- Copey who, however, was di8p08e<i to consider it a variety of <marir«. It differs from onr specimens of what we consider to be Utter KjiecieA (from Ocniulgee Uiver) in the smaller eye, tbe thicker d, shorter, deeper Ltody, more decurved front, and sUorter caudal pHlande. In amartut^ tbe eye ia 3 in head, tbe head 4J iu leugth, and Hecauibil p>Hiuncle 3|. Wt; have been diKp<*s*.^l to unite, under tbe geueric name LujcUuSj n kr^ uamber of species forming a series the extremes of which bear memblance U> each other or to the means, bat which form n chain- oabruken that it is diOicult to draw any generic lines among Ihem. ithis group may ultimately l«3 broken up into natural genera is very bat tbe groups thus far projwsed have not received very deflnilion. species agree (a) in the absence of any special modification, - -■ --^-lr^, Ana, or alimentary canal; (A) in the dentition, the I "tiw or two rows, always /oar in the principal row of raptorial type, and some or all of them provided with a grinding: n iif and in isome Hpecies always, one edge of tbe masticatory N. M. No. 12— 2 IS C0NTBIDUTI0N8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHVOLOGY — lit. sarrace is more or less creuatc, especially id young individuixlH; [c)\ air.ll fin ia always short, containing from seven to niuemys; (rf)j dorsal fin is never inserted very far behind the ventrals; {c) the lat line is developed and continuons. The species differ much among themselves in size, naptial dress, general appearance, notably in the squamationf the scales of the ty] species of Lnxilus being closely imbricated and much highi-r ihiiu l( while in the group called Hud^onnta the two dimensions of the scale* nearly eqnal. The scales themselves, in ffudsonivsj are thin and 1o( imbricated. Within certain limits, the position of the dorsal varies In Rufhonitvij its first ray is in advance of the insertion of the venli in //WX(7«5 and ^*i;fr«rMo;j«, usually direotly opposite; in Photogeuis &n\ HydrojMox^ distinctly posterior. The form of the month varies largel 'm L.coccQgeniJSy it is wide and oblique, the lower jaw projecting, the typical species of Alburnopn and Rudsonius^ the mouth is small more or less inferior. The species may be provisionally grou[>e<l as follows, nnder five four of which may be considered as distinct genera. Those sj whose iwsition is doubtful are indicated by a mark of interrogatioi A. — LuxiLUS Eafineaque, (Scales very closely imbricated, much di er than long: teeth2,4-4, 2, entire: dorsal fin inserted directly poeite ventrals : month terminal : si^e large : nuptial peculiar; tyi>e Vyprinutt comutMs yi\x,) cornutwt Mit. coecogenvt Cope. selene J or. - B. — PnoTOGENis Cope, (Scales pretty closely imbricated, deei)er long: teeth 1, 4—4, l,more or less crenate (rarely one-rowed dorsal fin behind ventrals, always with a black spot on the rays behind : males in spring tubercnlate, the lower fins tips of the vertical fins filled with satin-white pigment in spi mouth terminal, the npper jaw longest: size medium; ty| spilfipieruH Cope = Cgprinella anahstana). anahstanus Girard. nivetis Oope. ffaUtctttrus Cope. irU Cope (t). teuci^pm J. & B, 13. — Hyduophlox Jordan. (Scales loss closely imbricated, sonSi deeper than long; twth nsnully 2, 4—1, 2, often more or crcuate : dorsal fin distinctly behind ventrals, UD6tK>tted : bi ing-drcss pecnliar, thoma'es almost always red : mouth termi rUUKS OF THE 8ANTEE BASIN. 19 bbqap, ibe npper jaw oenally slightly the longer: size vei ■aD; tjpft Hyikipfiir rubricroceun Cope.) rtmm Joctlun . chrowmwt Jor. nArwfvermv Cope. sanoc^kaluft Jor, Mfiwiic J. & B. plumbeolus Gope. flUllMH Copew bititt<iiu8 Cope. dfl^ivMf Cope. Utcerto»u8 Cope. :50p« Girard. (Scales rather loosely imbricated: teeth 4-i, or 1, 4-4, 1: dorsal fin iaserU'd over voiitrals, anspotttMl mxe^ alike: moutU more or less iiil'erior, horizontal or oblique:- •M tmall ; type Albumopa hlenniva Grd.) ■teraftowiu Raf. timpanogensts Cope. voUfiMnt Cope. cJihrocephaUtu Cope. tftttnmeuluM Cope. fntensts Cope. pnau Cope* mm&i7u# Forbes. «frmtMia Cope. ^/cnnitf^ Grd. Cope (t). shumardi Grd. Cope. Ulecebrosua Grd. MTylia Copp. [nK«:«iU8 Qirard, (Scales thin and loosely imbricated: teeth 1, 4-4, 1 or 2, the grinding surface often distorted: dorsal inserted in advance of ventrals: colors silvery : sexes alike: mouth iu- fertor : body eloogatCi the head comparatively short : size Aediom ; type Clupea hudaonia Clinton.) Mlmdanu9 J. & B. amarus Girard. hmd^niiu OUutou. BtorertanttM Kirtland. hsve anbAtUut^^d the name Albumops Grd. for the earlier name «a we tbiok that the latter genus was founded on a specie^ ot lis. Albcrnops cHLORorEPHALrs ( Cope) J» <£ B. dU«f<MfpAaia« CoTE (lf?70), Proc. Am. Phtlos. 800. 461. bcMOtifol little fish is abnndant in the clear rapid waters of the It reaefliblcfl //. rubricroccuA^ but is smaller and stouter- bodied, ler Boatb. The scales in frout of the dorsal are fewer (about p/ m Qtuaber. The teeth are 1, 4-4, 1 (2, 4-4, 2, iu rubricroeeua). The lent ore profusely tuberculate on the snout and aute-dorsal Cope found this species abundant in the clear waU'rs trilmtaries of the Catawba. 20 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHVOLOQY III. Genus PHOTOGENIS Cope, 16. Photooknis nivbits (Cope) J, d; B. *Sjfbopnii n'wmti COPR (1870), Proc. Am. Pbilos. Soc. 461. A very pale species, related to Photogenh analoatanus and P, galaclm ratber than to tbo species of ^^ IIifbopsut^\ to which genas rrofessor Co] referred it. My specimens are all very white, with a narrow blaii flripe aloug the caudal peduucle, which sometimes forms a faint s{ at base of caudal. In male specimens, the snout and ante-dorsal regii are covered with small tubercles. In males, the dorsal fin is consideral elevated. In color, the dorsal fin is largely dusky on the last rnys, t1 most of the fin somewhat creamy-tinted. The tip of the dorsal fin the ti|)s of the caudal are tilled with milk-white pigment, as in related species. The anal fin is entirely milky. The teeth are 1, 4-4| provided with a narrow masticatorv surface. Photogeitia nireuH is abundant in the Haluda River. It was first di covered by Professor Cope in the Catawba Kiver. 17. PnoTOGKNis ANALOSTANUS {Oirard) Jordan. We did not find this species iu the Saluda, although Professor V'i states that it is abundant in the Catawba. It is perhaps possible tbi Professor Cope mistook our Codoma chloristia^ a si>ecies which bles it very much, except iu dentition, for the true analotttnnvK. Tl *■' Cyprinella analoHtana^^ has been a stumbling-block in the clas.silJcati< of these fishes, as to the masticatory surface of Lttxiius it adds the nations of Cyprinella, We are iuclined to think that Cyprinctla sbui be restricted to those species whose teeth are without grinding surfai and are permanently creuate. The relations of Luxilua analoHtttHi ni/ilopteruJtygalacturunyUucopuis, and niretur are much more intimately wil the species of Codoma than with Lvxilus, but the development of griui ing surfacreson the teeth renders it necessary to refer them to the latl genns, unless PhotognHu be admitted as a distinct genus. Genns CODOMA Girard. (Subgenus UUOG \h\ Jordun.) Photogenia .Tokpan (1cT7). Aun. Lye. Nat. UisU N. Y. ftU5. (Not of Cope, wboM I3 P. $2*tfoptfrHn, proves to be a flpeciea closely ro1at«d to L. anaJottanM*, if tdoutical witb it.) Esnmination of a large number of R|»ecimeu8 supposed to be Pkoi ^piloptct-us, from Saint Joseph*8 Kiver, in Iforthern Indiana, pTufe» FISHES OF THE 8ANTEE BASIN, 21 ,G^(»%origiaftl looBlity, baa couviacotl ai$ tbat the HpUopteruSf the type of gKOM Pk9tcifeni9, does uot bcloug tu the ^i^up of colored species for ProfMAOr Jordan lately adopted tbe latter name. The geuns Pho- (Jordan) l>eing thns left without a namCf that of Erogala has bcea (%/'» apriDg'tinie; ydkay milk, in allusion to the milk-white pig- aal with wbicb tbe male fishes are oniaueoted in the nuptial season)* tWiMMa Grtl. difte-TK from Erotjala in the form of the head, which is te. blutU, aud rouudfd, as in Pimcpkales, We do uot now think that #|vo are distinct as genera, and prefer to consider Erogala as a sub- IMiof Codoma, TV lypo of Krogala is PhniogtniK stigmaturuH Jordan. This subgenus rkable for its geographical diHlribuCiou. All of tbe s[)ecies thus kaowu belong to the Southern States, and each of the Southora bw probHbly has from two to four species of the genus; not n Ro far aa known, being common to two different river- diatribation of tbe species of Erogala is as follows: — SaDt«« Basin : pyrrhomeUm Cope. ohiorUtia J. & H. SftVftnuab Basin : none known. Altamaba Basin : xwnura Jor. oallUiema Jor. Chattahoochee Basin : euryntoina Jor. Flint Uiver: furmorn Putu, Alabama Basin : callutia Jor. triohroistia J. & G. carulea Jor. ntigmatura Jor. hrtbcr w««t Uieir place is taken by the stK«(!ies of Cyprinella haviug iniMl teetb, and farther north by the B|>ccies of Xuxt7u#, section Pho' having teeUi with developed grinding surfaces. eftpecicsof O/rfomrt are remarkable for their exquisite coloration, of them being ndonie<] with bright red in addition to the milky PtmtnL, Tbe black doraal spot is present in nil the species. ]4. CODOAtA. CULOBISTXA, Up. nOV, Ij «bort aod deep, strongly compressed, the form elliptical, iac; that of V,pyrrhomHas^ but rather deei>er, tbe depth of adults to iin length. Head rather small and pointed, 4^ in length. 22 CONTIUBUTIONB TO NOHTU AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOr — IIL Kye moderate, less tbau suout, 4 iu head. Mouth rather small, qoil oblique, the maxilliiry not attaining the line of the orbit, the upper jai prujfcting beyond the lower, especiiiUy iu spriDj;^ males. The head mouth couHtdernbly reDomble those partes in P. iinatotttanu9, Scidca much d(.*eper than long, very closely and smoolhly imbrioatt n»ore or leHB dark-edged al>ove. 5-37-3. Lateral line decnrved. Fiua moderately deveIo|>ed : dorsal distinctly behind veutraU, it«fli ray about midway betweeu uostrila aud the base of the caudal. Dors 1,8. Anal 1, 8. Nuptial tubercles in the male greatly developed, covering ratht sparsely the top of the head aud the region anterior to the dorsal, addition, simiUir tubercles cover the caudal pe<luucle and the whole sic of the body, except the space below the lateral line and in trout of vuutnils. The tubercles on the body are considerably smaller tl those on the head, aud smaller thau iu xanura or pyrrkomclait, but tbi cover a much larger area than in any of the latter species of the geui Chin tuberculat4\ Teeth 1, 4-4, 1, eutire, without masticatory surface. Coloration, in life: General color a dark steel blue, a very dist1u< blue stri]»e along each side of ttie caudal peduucle, as in C. vwrutea^ bi fainter: sides of body with tiue steely-purple lustre: back clear green] head clear brownish : iris white: cheeks of a pale violet color: low^ part of sides becoming rather abrui)tly milky-white: dorsal fin wil the usual large black spot on the last rays well developed, and tl usual milk-white pigment iu the tips : lower part of the dorsal ^u wil pigment of a Hue clear greeu color, somewhat as in nnalostanuM, bi unusually bright: caudal flu chictly dusky, its tips milky aud the somewhat so; the middle of the tin has a slight retldisb tinge: aw Uu eutiri^ly milky, a faint tlusky spot on its last rays, resembliog tl on the dorsal : ventral tins milky. Female and youug specimeaa aro more sleoder, and the bright arc* usually wanting or ottsoared. Size small ; length of largest speoioieos lass thau three iuchea. In form, this ajieoies rrseiublea C, jvyrrAo«f<ai» but Ibe short [•igbt rays instead of ten) wdl alwa^-s distiugniidi (be spede«. The of the male is different, being mncb less brilliant, althonjfb more detioate. C. MlurufM rcsttttbles io ookir C. ^^rrmUa but Uie latter ft|>ecie» has a saacU more sletHlor form. HmkUaL — AbttULUnt in the clear vaters of Salntta Birer, with C' FI8UK8 OF THE BAMTKE BASIN. 23 'hcmeloMf PhotogcnU nircM, AlOurnopn chloroccphalMf and other baud- 19. CODOMA PYKRHOMELAS [Cope) Jor. lu fgrrkomela* COPK (1870), Proc. Am. Pblloa. Soo. PUUa. 463. This S|N!!cieR, the most ornnte of the genus, and one of thi^ most brfl* of Cyprinidcc, is extremely ubundaiit in the clear rapid waters of khida and its tributHrien. The geuenil color of the malea is dark «t«el*blae above, with the svales darker-edged, the belly abruptly milky- irbtt«. The hwul is pale reddish ; the snout, the tip of lower jaw, uud Um! iris above and beluw are scarlet; the dorsal tin is dusky at base, lUA a large black spot on the last rays, is red in lix)ut, and broadly uiilk- wbit« lit Up. The tips of the caudal iiu are milk-white; next to this oottiea a dasky crescent ; a wide bright scarlet crescent lie^ itislde of the black and extends into the twu lobes of the lln. The base of the tin is lie. The top of the bead and the region in front of the dorsal are covered Ith nmoll pale tubercles. The sides of the caudal peduncle are pro- led with rather larger tubercles, arrauged in rows along the series of ilea. Tbitt U the most abundant 6sh in the waters of Catawba River, accord- ing to Profesaor Cope. Genua NOTROPIS Rafimsque, {MwnUuM KafioeBqae; Alb»neUit* Oirard.) 20. NoTKOPis PHOTOaENis (Cope) Jordan. Cope (I«64), Proc. Ac. Nat. So. a?0. Corx (11^). Xraoii. Am. Phil. bi>c. U7U, and elsewhere. J Specimens differ cousiderabl}* from the typical forms of this spe- bnl corresiiond U» Professor Cope's *' var. a a a a a^^ from the Ca- iwbik. It is the most abundant species in (he Satnda waters, especially in more sluggish tributaries. Two forms, perhaps varieties, i)erhapa fHTPnt sexes, occur, the one pale, with deep, compressed body; tbe tr darker, with the scales dark-edged and the body much more elon- [4S, 11 IS difTleult to distinguish the latter form from y. tclescopus i). The pale form has the head above and nnder jaw ooverwl with ■mall i>olDted tubercles. 24 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTn AMKRICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — Ut. Genus GILA Baird i^ Girard. (Subgenus CUNOSTOMUS Girard.) 21. Gila vakdoisula {Cuv. dj VaL) Jor, Lenrt^Ha venuioitnlua C. &. V. (1814), Hint. Nat. PoiaK. xvii, 317. Ctinoatomtta a^niff GiiURD (1R56\ Proc. Ac. \at. 8c. 212. Tbis Bpecitis ia comnioii \n the Salnda watei's, as in the Cataiwbiij YudkiD, atid other Southoru streaoiH. It seems to prefer Btill, or ev«i mudtly waters, as wo found it luore abundaut iu the Reedy Hiver thai iu eitiicr 8aluda or Euuoree. Our Hpecimeus were greenish or bluisl in color, the back mottled with scales of a difl'eront hue, aa usual iu thi geuuH. In the males, the region behind the head and above the ronils and extending backward to the anal are of a bright niay-rwlj brightest just behind the head. There is no distinct dark lateral liam None of our specimens were noticed to be tnberculate. The ohara<;tei tlistinguisbing tbis species from the more northerly Oila {ClinoHUHnits] funthdoidcH have been well given by Professor Cope (Joura. Aa Ni Sci. Phila. 18C8, 228). Genus NOTEMIGONUS Bafifiesqiie. 22. KoTE^^naoNUS americ anus (/^I'/in.) Jordan. Notvmiffonu* itchaniu Johdan ( 1877), Ann. Ljrc Nut. Hist. p. 364. This is the true VyprinuH americanus of Linnmus, as has been elf where shown. We obtained but a single specimen in the Keedy Biverj Professor Cope found it abundant in the slnggisb waters of the Calawl The long anal, more compressed body, larger eye, and pecnliur breediuj colors distinguish this species from the Xortbei'u and Westeru JtTj chryttoleucM, Gouus CERiVTICHTHYS Baird. ii3. CEUATICHTnYS ZANEHITS, «p. flOU. A smalt, pecnliar species, iillied to C. lobromm (Cope), bat apparently differing in the longer barbel, smaller scales, and in the colomlion. Body long and slender, not much compressed, the depth about 4^ (5j in young) iu lengt-li. Head rather long, narrow, and pointed, 'i| ti length, very slender in young specimens stouter in adults: snout dt carved in profile, with an angle in front uf tbe nostrils. Bye raodoral F1SHE6 OF THE 8ANTEE BASIN. 25 shorter Ihao tbe loug muuUe, placed Dcarlj midway in bead, It :^ in he^iiL Moatb ratber largo, iaferior, tbe lipa much thickened, 3uckor-]iko; jaw extremely protractile j the lower with ft couspieuous iuterual logo of paptUie. Itarbeltf extremoly long, probably longer than in uny other of our [n>niioidft; thoir length J to j the diumeter of the eye. aca]«« mi^lcrute, pretty closely imbricated, 5— tO-3; 15 or IC in front doraail. Lateral lino coutinuoaH, Hlightly deflected forward, noa rather small, high, and short, Dorsid 1, 8, originating slightly d tho l>a8<^_of the ventrals, as in C. fubtosn:i mid C. monavkus. Anal 7. Caudal deeply forked, its peduncle long and slender. Colonitiou, iu spirits, quite pale; a smalt, round, black spot at base «f caudal: dorsal scales ilark-edged : some dark points along caudal |ldnnol<s forming a dark sticak: muzzle punctate. Large specimens vilh a birgc dark patch ou the last rays of dorsal, as in C. monachujt ■d the A|M-cies of Codonta: hatie of dorsal llu with dark points. Checks ad ofierclos nil very. Id (be spring, the male fishes are profusely tabercnlnte on tbo head ■diiedK,ancl che llusare flushed with crimson. Teeth 1, 4-4, 1, hooUed, vllboai maaURACory surftice. Tbr largest specimens taken were nearly three inches long, but most teM tbaa two. This species is abundant in Saluda River. It appears to be distinct C labronin, that species having larger scales and some other j>oiuls •f tfiflrrvocsct. C, labrtntns^ moTMchmf and zanemwt differ from their con- p9mn ID tb^ backward position of tbe dorsal aud iu tbe greater devel- ipaeot of the lips, 24. Cekaticutuys labrosus Cope, i^rtftUM CftPK {1H70), Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. 458. Co|ie (onud this 8|>ecie8 not nocommon in tbe upper waters tf tite Catawba. We did not And it in the Saluda or the Euuorec. 25- CBUATicnTnYS nypsiNOTUS Cope, r^-^kUkf hffsmim0tm» CoPX (1S70), Prtio, Am. Philoa. 8oo. 45a Tbb ciiecJeB is not nncommou in tbo Salnda. Breeding males are fiW« and tbe fins are (jnite red. The head is more or less rosy Md :..-.., ,iUte al>o%'e. Thisspecieshnsa very small barbel, aud might luUy be takcu for a Uifdrophlojc of tbo rubricroccwi tyi>e. 26 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICnTHVOLOGV IIL 26. Oebatiohthys BiGUTTATua (Kirt,) Baird. The couimou Horned Chub is rery ubundant in all the tribataries of the SaliKlii. Genii8 SEMOTILUS Ilafinesque. 27, SEMOTILUS OOBrORALlS (Jft7.) Putn. This commou species occurs iu the tribataries of the Saluda. CATOSTOMIDiE. Genus MYXOSTOMA Rqfincsque, {JUoxoatoma and IWetuJut Rat ; Ptjfehontomu* Ag.) 28. MYXOSTOMA CERVINUM Cope, tliu cerrinu$ CorK (1H68), Joarn. Ac. Nat. So. Pbila. S35. Ft]feho»tomu$ cvrrhiiw Coi'E (It^O), Proo. Am. Philos. Soo. 478. Tbis little Sucker is eocceedingly abnodaot iu the Saluda, lieedy, am Ennoree. It aboiuds in rapids aud rocky slioals, and is popularly kuowaj as "Jump-rocks^, t'roru itvshubitof leaping from the water. It is uot mucl valued, except by negroen, small tmys, and naturalists. The black oul margiu of the dorsal is a cbaracteristio color-mark. 29. Myxostoha PAPILLOSUM {Cap€)Jor, l*ttfohMtomuM paj>illo9U« Cope (1870), Prou. Am. Philoa. Soo. 470. A few specimcQS of this peculiar species were taken in Saluda Kivefi Professor Cope found it abundant in the Catawba and Tadkin Rivera. 30. Myxostoma vklatum {Cope) Jordan. Ptt/ohoatomua coUapmtB CoPK (ltf70)| Proo. Am. Pliiloa. Soo. 471. Wo obtaiued uo specimens of this widely diffused species in any of tbe Southern rivers. Professor Cope found it in the Xense, Vadkin, and Catawba. 31. MVXOSTUMA GOBEGOKHS {Cope) J. (fi B, Pl^cho9tomH* coregofiu* CoPK (1870), Proc. Am. PbiL Soo. 47S. The ^' Blue Mullet^ was found very iibuudiiut iu the Catawba Yatlkiu Uivors. We did uot take it iu the S:klnda4 FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN, 27 32, Myxostoma albcm [Cope) J, db B, •Ova CopK (18T0), Proc. Am. Pbil. Soc 4Ta. Tbc species — the **Wbilo Mullet"— was fouud by Protessor Cope iu tbe Catawbii River only. We obtaiued uo epecimens from the Saludn, thicU in perhaps due to the fact that our coUectioDs were not made tving the seaaoD of the migrations. V Genus ERIMYZON Jordan. (3f%nwtoma Agaaeiz, bat not of RufO 3^ EODiVZOX SUOETTA {Lac\) Jordan, «M9«9M« MiTConx. Tlii» 8(»eeie« is moderately abunduut iu the Saluda Biver. Professor foand neither thia 8[H*cieB, nor the next, hi the Catawba. Genus MINYTREMA Jordan, 34. MlMYTREMA StELAWOPS (M/^) Jor, .yiKKftm'K, KlhTLAKl), etc. lRD. JottlfAJt. Tkin widely diffiisi^ species is abundant iu the roillpotkds, etc., of the MtAsk Uiver, and in kuown as the Striped Sucker. It ih coufiiderably Tilsnl an A food-flsh. Many specimens were takeu at Baniiister^s Mills, M the Bnouree, the proprietor of the mill, Mr. Bannister, having bidly dmwB off the water from his pond, in order to enable us better liexattiine itM fishes. Our speciineus seem to be jirecisely like the ordi- W7 wtelancpf froni the Ohio Kiver aud the Great Lakes. ■ Genus CATOSTOMUS Le Siieur, H^HHPHHHnoker is common iu the Saluda^ as in nearly every «ut of tb<i Kocky Mountains. It is especially abundant iu mill- JmiHnt$ pJat!/ctpknlu$ Cope (lt?70), Proc. Am. Philos. Soo. 485. (Not Piwt^lodiia plat^- cfpAfl/iwGrd.) Amiurtu brunneua Jordan (ld70>, Auu. Lye. Nat. Hist. 3G6. This is the common cat-fish of the Saluda^ and is known aa the Mad Cat. Adnit specimens reach a length of abont 18 inches, and bear little resemblance to the younjf» from which the species was first described. The adnlts are extremely elongate, nearly terete behind, with fiar, ihin, broad beads. In color, they are of a more or less clear yellowish-green, more distinctly green than is any other 8[)ecies. The name " brunneM^* only applies well to the young. The species may be known from the related A. plattfcepiuilus by the more elongate form, the shorter anal fin {lii to 18 rays instead of 20), and by the month, which is somewhat inferior, the lower jaw being much the shorter, while in A, platycepiutlui the jaws are equal. The color is also different in the two species. A, •pialycep}ialu» is yellowish, dark above, and more or less marble<l on the sides with darker, resembling, in that respect, A. marmoratus. In A*' brunneugj the caudal fin is asnally nneqaal, the upper lobe being thi longer, and the radimentary caudal mys are unusually numerous, specimen nearly a fo<jt long hml the alimentary canal four times tbe^ length of the body, and filled with Podoatemon ceratophyllum. The] stomach contained etght adult males of Codoma pjfrrkomelafi. As Profe.Hsor Cope couuted 17 anal rays iu his *-^ pluiycephalti$^^ it is likely that he had this species instead orCirard's, which has pretty i formly 20 or lil rays, Both AmiuriiH brunnemf and plaiycephulun valued as food. 37, Amiubus platycephaltts {Oirard) QUL PlMfloduv platifcrphalui Oituim (laSD), Proc Ae. Nat. 8cl. Phila. 160. Many specimens of this species were taken in Bannister's mill-pond, oa the Ennoree. Tbe fishennen confound it with the preceding under the name of Mud Cat, but the Hi>ecie8 may be readily distinguished by the characters given above. A **Bluo Cat^ is said to occur in the Saluda, but we obtained specimens. FISBKS OP THE SAVANNAH BASIN'. 29 Genus NOTURUS Rafincsque, 3j3. XoTxmcs wsiONis {RichanUon) QUI & Jor, Thw Hpecie« is abaixlant in tbe i*ock-pools of Ree<ly River, It prob- i; occurs ia all tbe Atlantic streams ns far riortb us Pennsylvania. ANOUILLID/E. Genua AXGUILLA TJmnhcrg, 39. Anouilla vulgaris Flewinff. Tbpcomraou Gel isabautlunt in all tbe6tJ*eamB of tbe Southern States ttnihrezplor<Hl. LEriDOSTEIDJE. Genus LEPIDOSTEUS Lacepede. 40. LkPIDOSTEUS OSSEUS (A) Aff, Thi» ftsh in said tooooorin tbe Salada, but we obtained no specimens. II. — WATEBBASIM OP THE BAVANNAU EIVKB. fl|ieciea are ascertained to oocar in tbe water-basin of tbe . Of these, two spe4:ies are recorded from specimens in tbe N»lion»l Museum; one on the »uibi>rit>' of Professor M ber» from our collectionH in tbo TugaUH> Uiver and in Toe- Creek. Nooo of these species are pecntiar to tbe Savannah Uasin. common Cyprinida: are all uf Tennessee Kiver type^ ; the otliers are wt Kt>ecies of general distribution, or else are shared with other lUiem streams. In jiplnini; tbe Tugaloo Kiver, two rather unexpected features were manifest: flrst-^ the very small hunil>erof small Bxhes, both Cypri- •1^ aod Kthnnttovtaiiihr inhabiting the river. There seem to be very prvAeot, and these few are represented by very few individ- Altboogb the tslands below tbe mouth of Panther Creek fiToish rxretleut Rriuing-^rotind, yet our Oshing was a seiies of *^ water- ^ A nttgle drnw of the seine in tbe Saluda or tbe Etowah would p«kl more speciea ami more individuals than were secured ia^ >lke To^kio ia a whole day. 30 C0NTRIBUTI0N8 TO NORTH AMERrCAN TCnTnTOLOOY — ^HI. Tbe second peculiarity of the Tagaloo faana is that its cbanicteriatii flshps are all of tj'ppH nliundant in tbe Tentiesseti River, but uot knoi from any other of tbe Atlantic streaui». Of ibesH may be meutiom Photogenix galacturm^ LujciUts coccogenis^ Uydrophiox ntbricroceuJi^ an< Catoatomus nigricana, Tbe close proximity of tbe Rources of the Tugal< and tbe Little Tennessee, War Woman Crrek and Little Tennessee Uiv< rising on opposite sides of Rabun Gap, nnd of the Tallulah and thi Hiawassee, may perhaps help to explain this anomaly of distribution, ETHKOSTOMATID^. Genus HADROPTERUS AgoJisu. 1. BaDBOPTBRUS NIGROFASCIATUS Ag. A single large specimen was taken in Toccoa Creek, near T< Falls. OENTRAROHIDJE. Genus MTCROPTERUS iMcipMe. 2. MiCROPTEBtTS SALMOIDES (iac.) GilU (Var. mIipi9k2m.) The small-mouthed Black Bass or "Trout'' of the Sontbem 8tr< (J. e., Savannah, Altamaba, Chattahoochee, Alabama) differs so con< slantly from Northern representatives of tbe same species that the tw< forms may be taken as geographical varieties of one species, and it ii probably worth while to distinguish each by name. The Labrua aalmM' desof Lac<^*|>ode was collected by Bosc near Charleston, S. C. It wa( therefore presumably tbe Southern variety, which should be designatec as var. aalmoidcn. The oldest name known to apply to the North* form is that of Jiodianua achigan Raf. Tbe Northern form may Ihei fore be designated as MicropteruH gnlmoUlea var. achigan, whenever it deemed desinible to call attention to lbe«o variations. The body is appreciably longer and slenderer in van aalmoidea thai in var. achigan^ tbe bend being about 3} in length instead of about 2j The anal rays in attlmoidea are usually 10 instead of 11; the donfiil formula X, I, 12, instea<l o\' X, I, 13. The scales are larger in sftlmoidea^ Ibere being about 70 in tbe lateral line instead of 77. The coloration ol \lmifidc9iB anifonnly unlike that of acHigan. Tbe lower part of the aidet FISHES OP THE HAVANNAH BASIN. 31 by pretty regalar lines of dark olive-gn^eu Hpota along the of Acates. The lower flus are usually more or less red, aud the yellow, au<l white coloration of the caudal fin, so conspicuous in roiti|;speciineus of the Northern form — in the Western States, at least — uUQt noticeable in the Southern variety. Thi» ftptcies is abundant iu the tributaries of the Savannah, where it toown as the " Trout". Genus XENOTIS Jordan, 3, Xknotis 8ANG-CINOLENTU8 {Affossis) Jordan. H'<77)^ Ann. Lye Xiit. Hist. 318. AvJogie «»pccimea of this beautiful fish ia iu the National Museum Aagosta, Oa. It i« identical with my specimens from the Etowah, lUooed in tbo paper above cited, but it is possibly not the species vblcfa Agaaaiz gave the nume of mngmnolenins. The si>ecieH of (he XenotiM are extremely dilKcult either to define or to recognize. cyprinodontidj:. Genus ZYGONECTES Agasm. 4. ZVOONKOTES Nomi Agasniz. k " ZygtnteeUt* guttatus " is recorded by Professor Agassiz from the mil near Angnsita. Professor Putnam informs me, from the ex- of tbe typesi>ecimens, that the species is identic;il with Z. Ag. SALMONID^.. Geniw SALVELINUS Eichardson, 5, tiALTELmUS P0NTINALI8 (Mitch.) Gill d' Jor. Tke csomioon Brook Trout is very abundant iu the clear tributaries of tWChatnciB »uid Toxaway Hi vers, at the foot of the Blue Riilge. This «Ti!T3r o<ar the fMjntbern limit of the species, although it is said to occur nriMD tributaries of tbe Upper Chattahoochee, farther west. CYPRINID^. Genus LCXILUS Itajittesqiw. 6, Lt7liLUB coccoGKKis {Cope) Jordan. Hiu bviiatjfitl 8|>ecte« is commoo in the Tugaloo. The numcrooB pwlwoiMi were all pule, and showed ouly traces of the distiuctive red •rkioga. 32 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY lU. Genus PHOTOGENIS Cope. 7. Pqotogbnis galacturus (Cope) 7. 4c B. Uypnhpia galaetunu Cope (1870), Froc Ac Nat. So. ItiO The moHt abundant fish in the Tngaloo. Our specimens wero v( pale nud dull colored, but they are not otherwise different from sp* meuH of P. galactuma from the Tennessee and Cumberland Kivera. Genus HYDROPHLOX Jordan, 8. HYDROPHLOX rudrigrockus {Cope) J. <& R Hybop^it rubricroceuB Copb (l)^), Juura. Ac. Nat. So. 23L This sarpasaingly beautiful little dsh abounds in the rookpoolsof tl smaller tributaries of the Tugaloo. In Toccoa Creek, it is very abi dunt, far outnumboriug all other species. Wo obtained many si mens from the pool at the foot of Toccoa Falls. The life-colorH are as follows: Dark steel-btue; a dark lateral band coaly punctuhitions, which is usually distinct ou the anterior half body, and passes through the eye around the snout. All the fins of j rich clear red ; the dorsal rather crimson, the caudal piuk, the lower fli full bright scarlet. Ueud ull pale &carlet-rcd, the lower jaw tlushcd, if bloody, a lustrous streak along the sides, below which is a ilistii silvery lustre. Eyes silvery, somewhat flushed with red. In bi coloration, the entire body becomes more or less red. This red pi| meut becomes more evident when a fish is first placed in alcohol. Fii ray of dorsal dusky on anterior edge. Top of bead and whole ante-dorsal region in males dusted with tli white tubercles. Female specimens are pale oliraceoos or silvery. Tet^tli 2, 4-4, *J, with masticatory surface, the edge of which is usual crenate. This spe<;ies and the preceding were hitherto known only from tl headwaters of the Tennessee Kiver. Genus CEKATICHTUY8 naird. 9. Cbraticutuys kubrifuons Jordan, Xocomin rnhrifren* Juudan (1^77), Aon. N. Y. Lycenui Nat. HUl. 33U. A few spts^imrhs of this spi'cieH w<'re titkeii. They wen* bii^'hter i| color than the original types from the Ocniulgee. Thr ntnzzlr n:i« \{ tbu male^ bright red, and the Uus somewhat rosy. FISHES OF THE tjAVANNAR BASIN. 33 TUi flpeotM tfi related to O. h^p»inotu9 (Cope), bac has a less 6levate<l reffioa antl lonser barbels. 10, Geraxichthts biodttatus (Kirtland) Qirard, Ibe " nomy Head*^ is abundant in all tbo small streams falling into I^Kgaloo. It furnishes macb harmless sport for the amatear anglers I jearlj visit the beantifal Tallolah region. CATOSTOMID^. Genoa MYXOSTOMA Eafinesque, 11. Mtxostoma okrvinttm (Cope) J&r, little ** Jamp Kocks'^ occars in some abandance in the Tugaloo tribat»rie«. GenuB CATOSTOMUS Le Sueur. (Hybmynm AgiMtia.) 12. CATOSTOMTJS NIOBIOANS Le 8. ^Bog-BQckcr occurs in rapid waters of the Tugaloo and Toccoa. known Ui occur in any other of the Atlantic streams soath ot Potomso. SILURID^. Genus AMIURUS liajinesque, la. AlcnJRca PLATYCEPHALUS {Girurd) Gill. IWotigioal t^rpeaof this species in the Smithsonian Institution were a tribatao' ^^ ^^^ Savannah at Anderson, 8. O. Genus ICHTU^ELURUS Itajinesque, 14. ICHTILBLUBUS PUNCTATT78 (Rnf.) Jot. '^CbriUDel Cat" is found in some abundance in the Tn AXGUILLID/E. Oeniw ANGUILLA Thunl>€rg. 15. AXOVnxA vuLGAttl.s Flcminff, ill AD iubabicant of tbe iraters of the Ttig^loo. BbO. y. M. So. 12—1 14 Vi97K3miQm TO sons avrwri^ wcBnaaunn — m, zr^ — wxisMrMj^ss or ihb ai T*iff4W4 Tviuirj-^TiK ^^Acaeft jze la»vv tf» occsr is the wster-bsam of ( Axaai-aaa, oKiiBsne ^ the Shad ' JIms MpidinHM), vhloh Moeodsi :iMt iywth«nfc rt«c^ aa:il pcrrcAtctl br tbe dans Of iheoe tventy-thn Stvr ant koMrvm onJj firoa the Ounce awl Ooanlgee, tic, Koikomi imeripim*^ HydrrjfkUz imiq/immu^ Cirfn-wa emUitemm^ and C^doma aaatm The <ch«n ant efai^T speet«§ of geo^ra! distnbotko. FlTespecJesm otoubad bx tb« vTims in the faeadvatets «C the Ooonee Biver, t SKfthMuAu* imteriptiu^ Jiieroptenu miwurida^ HytrtfUax imiipimm$f Oen icktkg$ rmbri/rf/MA, and Cermtiehikft MyvMa/aa. The other specieB nc tkmed beloT are frocD tbe Ocmalcee. ETHEOSTOMATID^. Genus HADROPTERUS Agassis. Taken at tbe Flat Sboals in the South Fork of the Ocmnlgee. Genus BOLEOSOMA DeKaff. 2. BoLEosoau arAcuLATiCEPS Cope. A Rf>ecimen, ap(>arently of tbut species, from the Ocmnlgee Biver Macon, Ga. Genus NOTHONOTUS Agassiz. 3. XOTHO'OTCS IXSCKIPTl'S, *p. «W. I^ody rather Htout and deep, pretty strongly compressed behind, li Ml Hiit(*riorIy : dopth 4J in length : caadal pednncle rather deep. iUmd large, 4$ in length, rather obtuse, the profile quite gibboi a oonHJderable angle formed opposite the eyes, which are high np a rather clotwi together. Kyt: jiImhU equal to snout, 3J iu head. Mooth moderate, slightly < li*|iie, th(i maxillary reaching eye, the upper jaw the longer, Che< unci oiHTcIes entirely scaleless, as iu A'', thalatfsinns. Region in front dorsal Kcaly : !>reast naked. Belly covered with ordinary scales. Sea ' ' rge, closely imbricated, the lateral line continuous and nea Scales 5-4G-5. II developed. The spinous dorsal larger than the soft don FISHES OF THE ALTAMAHA BASIN. 35 rkiefc to somewhat larger tbau the aaal ; tbe two dorsal 6ns connected by Moibnine. DorAJil XI-1, 11. Anal II, 8. Oofful R|nnAB a iMa more tban balf tbe lengtb of bead. Pectorals TeotrmU well dii<veloped. Wor, in Bpirits: Olive, witb an orange spot on on eacb scale, tbese If Mititiiiuoas lincH along tbe rowR of scales. Tliese lines are quite in, an in Xenhma catcnatum. Tbrce dark blotcbes across tbe :; noe in front ot dorsal, furmlDg a black spot on tbe anterior dor- pidCA; one between tbo two dorsal fins, forming a similar black fMoD the last pikrt of tbe spinons dorsal ; and one on tbe candal pednn- Wtaind tb© second dorsal. Wai wlcb about six irregalar dark olive blotcbes just below the line. Second dorsal, caudal, and pectoral extensively dnsky- Anal unirolor. Uead dusky above, a dark line downward, and ^ferward from eye. jAfiBoule apecimen tukea lacked the lines of orange spots, and it was distinrily blotched on tbe sides. In life, tbe male specimen had ratire aujil On. tbe cheeks, opercles, and a bar below the eye bright The extreme edge of tbe spinous dorsal was blackish ; below this It oraoge red, and a dusky bar at the base. The colore<l lines of were femiginoos, or ecarlet-red, rather than orange. Uo^ 2j inches. Notpecimena only were taken, in the upper waters of tbe Oconee r, ftl Sulphur Springs, in Hall County, Georgia. jftiftUoaeof tljo ino«t beautiful of this interesting genus. In tbe beftdf It rwembles iV. thnUiHsimtttj and differs from the others fc**ii. Tb« entirely dissimilar coloration separates it at once from JV. CENTRARCniD^. Geniis MICROPTERUS Lacephde, 4. MiGBOPTBBUB BALMOtDES (£««0 WW. Var. galmoides. AWsdant in tbe Oconee and Ocmnlgee. GenuH CH^NOBRYTTUS Gill 5. CniKNOUBYTTCa TIBIDIS (0. i£" V*) Jof^^u, tW»'Wir-fii<m(h Poroti^ la abundant iu the 36 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHTOLOOT— UL Genus LEPIOPOMUS Rafinesque. 6. LEPioPosnis AURiTUS (£.) Baf. CommoD in the Ocmalgee Biver. Genus CEXTRARCHUS Cuvier d Falencimnes, 7. Centbabchus macboptebus {Lacep^e) Jordan. Several Bpecimens of the large-flnued Cehtrarckus are in the Unit States National Mnseam, from the Ocmnlgee Biver, near Maoon, € The characters distingnishing this species from (7. irideus are given Bulletin No. 10 of the National Museum, p. 31. ESOCID^. Genus ESOX lAnncRus. 8. Esox BBTiouLATUS Le Sueur, Found in the Ocmulgee Biver. CYPRINID^. Genus ALBURNOPS Girard. (Snbgenna HUDSONIUS Grd.) 9, ALBUBNOPS AMABUS [Ord.) Jordan. JTybopnin hudMoniutt var. amarut Jordan (1877), Ann. Lye. Nnt. Hist. N. Y. 363. Very abundant in the South Fork of the Ocmulgee. This is possi not Girard's amarnSj but at present I think that it is. Leueisctu S] HnguluH O. & V. seems to be ^. hudsonius. Genus HYDROPHLOX Jordan, 10. Htdrophlox lutipinnis, sp. not). A brilliantly colored little fish allied to R. rvJ)ricroceus. Body atout and rather strongly compressed, the depth 4^ in lenj the dorsal region somewhat elevated, the outline of the back 8lo( "Tom the base of the dorsal fin. rt and rather deep, 4 to 4J in length, broad and fUkt F18HE6 OF THE AI.TAHAHA BASIN. 37 lb« mazzle inotlerately rounded. Eye rather large, nearly as w the luuzxte, 3j| to 3^ iu head. mth large, qaite oblique^ the maxillary reaching to orbit, the man- included. ilea medium, (MO-3, rather closely imbricated, about 21 iu frout ledorAal. Uor&al uearer caudal tbuu muzzle, distinctly l»ehiud the \)9. Doraal 1,8. Anal 1,8. PeotoraU not I'eaching nearly to vea- the latt«r not to vetit. lor, in spirits: Clear olive; a dark, burnished, plumbeous lateral si, wbicb extends through the eye and up the caudal fin : whole Ij bright crimson: tins yellow, tors, in life: Clear olive above, vitb very intense green dorsal vertebral lines; an intense metallic blackish band along sides; >w thi« the siiles bright silvery, in the males bright, clear red, the of red berries; the whole body more or less flushed with rod, the e8i>ecially bright : Ins crimson. iD6 all bright golden -yel low : silvery space below eye strongly rW : tip of lower jaw black, ^tb 3, 4-4, *Jy with masticatory surface develoi>ed. mgth 2^ to 3 inches. lift Kpecie^ is extremely abundant in tbe headwaters of the Oconee, [elMr rapid streams. It is one of tbe most brilliant of the genus. BifHrophtoiT lutipinniH is deei>erbodied than H, nibricroc€it9. It has >i smaller mouth and different coloratiou, especially of ihe fins. From \cKhroefphalMj it differs in the larger mouth, larger size, and smaller : the pectoral and ventral fins are also usually shorter. Tbe also, are 2, 4, instead of 1, 4. Genus CODOMA Girard. U. CoDOMA x^NVRA Jordan. \lf%«i$g9iUt) £amnruB JoitDAN < 1877), Proo. Ac. Nat. 8c. Philft. 79. Ifal flttb is the most abundant species iu the rapids of the tofgee at Flat Shoals. 1^ Coi>OMA OALLISBXA Jordan, uOfaCM JoKDjLN (l»77}, Ado. Lye. N»l. Hint. 3G3. E^pecies, ono of the most elegant of tbe genus, U very abundant io SonUi Fork of the Ocomlgeo. It differs from the other species of 38 C0NTRIBUTI0N8 TO NOBTH AMEKICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — UL tbe genus in the presence of a single ro\v or teetb and in the more rior [>ofjitiou of tbe dorsal, wbicb is scarcely at all posterior to the trals. It is, boworor, rather a Codoma than an Epinema* Genus NOTEMIGONUS Bafinesque, 13. NOTEMIOONTTS A3fERIOANt7a (£.) JiW. Koicmigonu* i$chanut Jordan (1877), Aud. Lye. Nat. Hitit. 3(>4. Very abundant everywhere iu the Ocmulgee iu still or deep wj Adalt speoimeDS have tbe lower fins yellow, tipped with scarlet. Genus CERATICHTHYS Baird, 14, CBRATiOHTnys RXJuaiFHONS Jordan, ^Koccmit ruhri/rone JOMixs (1R77), Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. XM). This handsome little fish was first described from the OomnlgeeKI where it ia abuuduut. It is also common in the Oconee. 15, Okkatichthys biouttatus {Kirt,) Oirard. Abandant in the Qcouee; uot noticed in tbe Ocmnlgee. Genus SEMOTILUS Eafuicsque, 16. SE310T1LUS ooEPOEALis (MIL) Putttam. From a small brook, tributary to tbe Ocmulgee. In the South, species is almost conflued to tbe smaller creeks and spring-runs. CATOSTOMID^. Genus MYXOSTOMA Bqfinesque. 17. MYXOSTOMA CERVlNUM (Copc) Jordan. The little "Jump Itocks" is very abundant at the Flat Sboala^ Ocmulgee. 18. Myxostoma PA1MLL08UM [Cope) Jordan. Common iu tbe Ocmnlgee. Genua ERIMYZON Jordcn, 19. EBorvzoN scoBTTA {Lac.) Jortlan. From tbe Ocmulgee. n8B£8 OF TOE CHATTAUOOCHEE DAKIX. 39 SlLURIDj;. Genus ICHTHiELURUS Rafinesque. 20. lownuBXAjnvB punotatus (Eaflnatquc) Jordan, Xaj common in the Ocmulgee. Genua AMIURUS Ilafinesque, 21. Amiusus KAKUObatus {llolhrook) Jordan. A ciDgle sjiecimeD \a iu tbo Natioual Mu&eum, {collected by Dr. Hol- Irwk lu Uie Alt^maliA River. The species occurs in abundaDoe in tbe fimui Mid filoogfas of Boatbera Illinoia. 22. Amiubus BttUNNEUS Jordan. Vcfj abuudAQt in the Ocmalgce, from wbich river it was first de- ANGUILLID^. Genua ANGUILLA Thunherg. 23. ANGUILLA VULGARIS Fleming. EetftoccQr in aUI the larger tribotariea of the Oconee and Oomnlgee. IT. — WATEB-BASIN OF THE CUATTAHOOCHKE BIVBB. Oat eollections in tbo Chattahoocheo Basin have been ruther unaatis- onlj twenty one 8i>ecie8 huvti be«u obtained. Of these, three lobecbaractehstioof tbe river, and bave not yet been obtained else- : SemoHlwt thoreauianits. Photogenic leucopus^ and Codoma eury- Tlieotber species taken are found also either iu the AUaniaha or both. Th« GhattAboocbee is noteworthy ^s being, so far as is at present lovn, tbe eiwt-emmost timit iu the Southern States of the Rock Bass if' rijt) and the Red Uorse [MyxoHioma duqtteJtnii)^ as the of tbe range of I he " Green Cat" {Amiurvs brunm'UJs)^ WuHDuatb Perch {Chanobryttu* viridvi), and the ** Jaoip Rocks** cgrvinuui). It is also the westernmost of tbe series of riv- MSriiar PmIms fi4Atee, Savannah, Altamaba, and Chattahoochee — 'itftfM eontUuM does uot occur. 40 CONTfilBlITIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTUYOLOOY — HL Pour of the Rpccip.s here laeutionetl were coUeoted several ye^ ago by Ur. llngb M. Nei«ler ut fiome point in Georgia, tbc record of t\u locality not certainly preserved, bat HUppom.*d to bo Flint Kiver, and now in the MuHOum of the SujithHonian iDstitutiou. These are Campi Htoma anomalumj Sanotilua thorvauianuji, Codoma Jormom {^* yrandijiin'] /)m"), and A^hododerus ttayanua {^'^Aateriuytreniia mcnoirema ^]. ETHEOSTOMATIDJE. Genus HADROPTERUS Agassis. 1. Hadkopterus niobofasciatus Agatsiz, A.biindaut at the Shallow Ford of the Cbattahoocbeo near Gainps-J ville, Ga. CENTRAROHID^. GemiB MICROPTERUS Lacephde. 2. MiCROPTEBUS PAIXIDDB (Haf.) G. dt J, Kot very abnndant. 3. MiOBOPTBRUS SALHOIDES {Loo.) GUU Very oommon. Genus AlIBLOPLITES Rqfifiesque. 4. AMBLOPLITBS RUPESTBIS {Rof,) GilL Abandant, Gonus LEPIOPOMUS E^i/mesqme. 5. LBPioroacrs paixidus {Mit.) O, d: J, (foUUM* iMtMr Holbnok.) A few apeflunoas Ukcu in Pea«b Tre« Cxftk near Aihiata. fl. LsptoroMtm AtjRtrrs [L.) Bttf, It At the Shaltov Ford of the OlMtt»teMk«a. Jtfyi •loii^Ms timifc Ufeow fton tb» d*liid»« wmA ttaej dlflbr what in colonUkMi Mid aguaanatkin. Xlw davt bloubea at tb« bsae oT tlM> dotaal are waatiag. I am aat« buwrvr, diapoted to F18H£8 OF THK CHATTAHOOCHEE BA81N. 43 Genus CAMPOSTOMA Agassu. IL CAJtPOSTOaiA ANOMALUM {Raf.) Ag, flpedmens in Dr. llcisler's collecUon, supposed to have been taken in tte Flint River, In Taylor Coanty, Georgia. G«nu8 SEMOTILUS Eafinesque, 12. &EHOT1LUS TUOR£AUtANU3 Jordan. The types are in Dr. yeisler's coUectiou, probably trom Fliot Biver. Genus CERATICHTHYS Baird. 13. Gbratichthys biguttatus {Kirtland) Girard, Fny sbuadant id the ChattHhoochee. CATOSTOMIDiE. Genus MYXOSTOMA Rafineaque. 14. Mtxostoma duquesmu {Le Sueur) Jordan. Alpeoies which we are unable to diHtiogaisli from the common "Red of tlie Ohio is abundant in the Gbattahoochec. 15. Mtxobtoma ceevinum Cope. A fev specimens taken in the Shallon* Ford. Genus ERIMYZON Jordan. 16. EBDfTZON HUOBTTA {L<it\) JOT. Tree Creek near Atlanta. 8ILURIDJ5. GenuB ICHTHJELURUS Eafinesque. 17. IcaTU^LUEUB PUNCTATUS {Raf.) JoT. Tbe Cliaooel Cat Is exceedingly abundant in tbe Cbattaboocbee. 44 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — HL. Grenus AJIIURUS liafinesqm. 18» Amiurus BBUftNEUs Jordan, This is the most abaudaut edible fish in the Chattahoochee, secureil upwards of forty large apecimeus in two houra^ aeiuing at Shallow Ford. It grows to the length of about IS inches, and is inu< valued as food. It is usually kuowu as the Mud Cat. Genus NOTURUS Rafi^iesque. 19, IfOTURUS LEPTACANTH08 Jordan. ^tfliinu leptacAnthut ZoniuM (1H77), Ann. I./o. Nat. Hmt. N. Y. 353. This species was originally desciibed from a single speciniea taken Silver Creek, a tributary of the Etowah. A second specimen, siaii] to the first, was taken by us at the Shallow Ford during the pa«t mer, and since theu a third, at the same lotu&lity as the first. In col this species is of a rich pale transparent brown, very slightly mott with darker. LEPlDOSTEIDiE. Genus LEPIDOSTEUS Lace^e. 20. LEPIDOSTEUS OSSEtJS (X.) Ag, Taken at the Shallow Ford. ANGUILLIDJ5. Genus ANGUILLA Thufiherg. 21. ANGUILLA VULGARIS Finning. Eels, of conrse, abound iu the Chattahoochee. v.— WATER BASIN OF THE ALABAMA RIVER. The fish-fauna of the Alabama Biver is now better known than of any other of the Southern stroatns. Fifty-tive species nre now km as inhabitants of that river and of its gi^eat tributaries, the Eto^ Oostanaula, and Coosa. A slight examination of nny suitable tribal of the Alabama U snIUoteut to show that it is nineh richer in «i than are any of the rivers lying to the eastward of U. Of these fifly-eix species, thirteen are as yet only known from KldBES OF THE ALABAMA BASIN. 45 AUbama Ba«in. These ar«; XenUma iieWfirmn^ Zygonectea guttatus^ iffftWi'Ut hieroglyphicus^ Hydrophlox x<tnoctrphalus^ Hydrophlox chrosO' •mi, CWoMa eaUhtia, Codoma trichrointia^ Codotna carulea, Codoma ^hfmmtmra, yotropix KtUhius^ PhenacohUts cafoKtomuMj Catostomwt nigri- mm^hronnMx and Myxonfowa euryopi. X exclude from this euameratioQ _^fl»f or two B])««ies recorded from the Black Warrior River, as it is Bttit*); that the Taana of that stream wdl prove, iu part at least, different, ^^^ertaio comojon Northern or Western types, apparently absent in the ^^Hnna bitJierto noUcfd, make their ai)pearauce in the waters of the HikUbaaia. Among these are Luxilnt cornutvs, Notemigontm chrysoletioust B flno^ryf^uj i/M/offiur, Hyodon^ PhenacubiuSy etc. I ETHEOSTOMATID^. I Genus PERCINA Haldemafh r 1. Peeoina caprodes {Raf.) Grd. Abiiodant : precisely like Northern specimens. G^nuft HADROPTERUS Agassiz, 2. Hadboptebus moropasciatus AgaMiz. DniDdaot: first described from near Mobile. Genu8 ULOCENTRA Jordan, 3. Uloobntra stxgh^a Jordan, ^itiiiiuiM tiifman Jokuan (1877), Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y, 3U. CoBiioon ill fli'.ir water. This species also occurs in the streams of hooisiaoa. Genus BOLEICHTIIYS Girard. 4. BOLKlCnTBYS ELEOANS (rirard, AboiKlaiit in clear, weedy jmnds. This may not l>e identical with Giranra species, which vas originally described from Texas. PERCIDiE. Genua STIZOSTETHIUM Rafinesque. fi. SnzosTETnimc balmoneum Jtajin€aque. lit the river-cbaunels of tlie Oostauaula. Wo have had do opporta- tity to ezaoilnB si>eciiiieii8, and we are not sure that the Alabama tish tlM original talmoimtm. 46 CONTRIBUTIONS TO n6rTH AMEUtCAN ICHTHYOLOGY — lU. CENTRARCHID^. Genus MICROPTERUS LacSpede. 6, MlGBOPTERUS PALLCDCS (&/.) O, d J, Abuudnnt 7. MlCBOPTERUS SALMOIDES {LOC,) G^ilL (Var. salTnoides.) Abundant, bnt less so tfann tbe preceding. The two species are known indiacrirainately its **Tront". Genus CH^NOBRYTTUS aUL 8. OHiENOBUYTTUS GULOSUS [C. ifc V.) OiH From the Alabama Uiver at Montgomory. Genus MIBLOPLITES Ilafinesque. 9. AMBL0PLITE8 KUPESTRI8 [lia/,) GUI. From tbe Etowah uud Oostauanla; rather common. Genus LEPIOPOMUS Rafinesque. 10. Lepiopostus pjLi.LiDi;s (Mit.) O, <fi J. Abundant in the Etowah and OoRtanaala. 11. LEPIOPOMUS onscuRUS {Ag<ui9iz) Jwr, Not rare in the Etowah and Oostananla. Genus XENOTIS Jordan. 12. XeNOTIS INSCRIPT0B [Afftusiz) JoT. Prom the Oostananla. 13. Xenotis banguinolentus {AgaMiz) Jor, Very abundant in the Etowah and Oostananla. Genus EUPOSIOTIS (7i7/ it Jordan, 14. KtTPOMOnS PALLIBUS {AffOSlHz) Q, 4tJ. S|»ecimeiiB fmm the Alabama River near Montgomeo'* Tliia id the three preceding were first described from the TeDoesBee Itivt Alabama. FI8HB8 OF THE ALABAMA BAStK. 47 Geuug CENTRAKCHUS Cui^kr £ Valencimms. 15. ('KNTBARCnUS lUrDKITS {Lac.) C. d' V, Specimeaa from Alabama lUver, iit Montgorocry, similar to others EOS Ibo NrtiMi* aoit from ubont CbarlcHton. Tbin species has been md bv Tror. S. A, Forbes in Soutberu llliiioiH. Gk>nu8 POMOXYS Rafinesqu^. 16. PoMOXYS NIGB0MACULATC8 {Le S.) Oirard. SpeeJnieos fVom the Alabama Giver at Montgomery. 17. POMOXYS ANNULARIS Ra/. fnm Bound Lake near Moutgoiuery. SCLENID^. Genus HAPLOIDONOTUS Rafinesque. Id, HAPLOiDONOTua ORUNNiENS Rajincsque, AboDdant in Uie OusUinaiila. COTTID^, Genus POTAMOCOTTUS GiU. 10. PoTAMocorrtrs mebidionalis {Oirard) OHL l^iiirriiii earolintr Giu. (1801). Troc. Umt, 8oc. Nat. Hist. itmmmtUiB »opkerus JoKDAM {1977), Ann, L>'e.Nai. Hist N.Y. 320. Eliceedingly abundant in nil the clear and cold tnbntnriea of the ■Blowab, OoKtananbi, and Coosa. ManyspecimenR from the cold waters •f Ibe Cave Spring Creek. We are unable to satisfactorily distinguish ttw Comm called sophemay earoUnaty and meridionaJis, and, l>e1ieving them ipniflaftlly idoutical, wo aoite tbcm ander the oldest name. APnODODERIDiE. Genus APIIODODERUS Le Sueur. { ApkrtdnitfTHii L<* 8. ; .^(rrwo'rfiHW NolfWII.) AmoDonEUUS sayantts {OilUawn) PeKay. from Alabama River near Montgomery. The fish de- «TtlMd by rrofwwor Jordan from Flint River, under the name of As- kfmotmia. iMK»<rmM, U undoubtedly a variation of this species. 48 CONTIUBUTIONS TO NOKTU AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — III. cyprinodontidj:. Genus XENISMxV Jordatu 21, Xemsma 8TRLLIFKBUU Jordan, Xeninut aiell^fera Jordan (lti77), Add. Lye. Nat HiBt N. Y. 328. 'Ibis most exqumitely colored fish is very abundant in all the clei trilniturioM of tbu Etowah, Ooatanaula, and Coosa. It prefers coU waters, arid ascends the " springrous^ to their foaDtain-heads. Genus ZYGONECTES AgassU 22. Zyoonectes notth AgasMs, Many specimens in the Mnseam of the Academy of Natnral Scieni of Philudflphia, from near Mobile. This and the next belong to thi group of sliort bodied species called MicrUtius by Professor GiU. 23. Zyoonectks guttatus Agastis, Recorded by Professor Agassiz from near Mobile, 24. Zyoonectes hieroolyphious Agassis. rJSiBpded by Professor Agassiz from near Mobile. We have nert Been etther this or the preceiling, and doubt if any one will ever reoog^^ uizo them from the published descriptions. ESOCID-E. Genus ESOX Linn<Etts. 25. ESOX RBTICTTLATC8 Lc Sueur, Abundant in tributaries of the Etowah* 2G. Esox bayenkli Bolbrook. A few B|>ecimcus in the United States National Mnseam &om the Alabama Kiver. HYODOXTID^. Genus HYODON Le Sueur. 27. Hyoook skl&xops JordA» A Bma. JoUMJH A BXAS < IS?7), Balkan U. S. Nat. Uta*. x. «&. AaiogW R|M»cimeu in the Niilioaa] Maseam (max tb« AJ«b«mA MoutgmiMtfy. PISHES OF* THE ALABAMA BASIN. 49 DOROSOMATID^. Genus DOROSOmV Ilafinesque. 2& DOBOSOUA CEPEDIAI4UM (Lac.) Gill (Van hetemrum Raf.) in tbe Uaited JStates National Museom from Booud Lake loiery, Ala. CYPRINIDJ;. Genus CAMPOSTOMA Agassijs. 29. Oampostoma anomalum {Raf.) Ag, Var. prolij^um (Storer). AbaocUnt In tbe Etowah and Oostanaula. Genus LUXILUS Bafinesque, 30. LuxiLus coBNUTUS {Mxt) Jor, Vtry abandant Id all tbe tributaries of tbe Etowab, Oostanaula, and MM^vers. My flpcciroens do not obviously differ from those from New York and KortfaweaC Genus HYDROPHLOX Jordan. 31. Htdeopulox chbosomus Jordan. J0II11A.X (len), Ann. Lye. Nat. HUt. N. Y. 333. Very abaudaut in the clear tributaries of the Oostanaula, Coosa, and Etovah. In Cedar Creek, at Cave Spring, it is the commonest speciesi Nearring in tbe clear, cold waters, with Coduma vaUistia and XenUma lUBifentm. None of our Cifprinidcc excel Uydrophlox chrosomua in deli- CMty of coloration. It is of a clear hyaline-green al)ove; clear Hilvery Mw: aMarlet band straight from upper edge of opercle to caudal: ihiwl, anal, and caudal each with a scarlet bar. In this species, tbe •OQlh U rather less terminal than is usual in tbe group called Uydrophlox* 32. llYDRoi'iiLox xJ2NocErHALUS Jordan, I JORl>JLN (187?), Aim. Lye. Nat.HiHt. 334, lag, bat rather less common. Tbis species bears some YMmblanee to the young of Codoma callistia. DaU. N. M. No. 12—4 50 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IIL Genus CODOMA Girard 33, CoDoaiA BTIGHATUKA Jordan. Photftgenu gfigmaturus JoiiDAN ( 1S77)( Ann. Lyo. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 337. This elegant species is very abundant in the tribntaries of the Eto- wab, Oostanaula, and Coosa. In those streams wbich are neither very clear and cold nor very mnddy, it is usaally the most abundant species. 34. C0D03CA OAIXISTIA Jordan, 1 Photo$eni» raWttiiu Jordan (1€77). Add. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 337. A large, ornate species, noore brilbantly colored than tbe preceding bat less graceful in form. Female si>ecimens are dull dark olive, wi the dorsal tin brick-red. This species occurs with tbe preoeding, bat rather less abundant. 35. CoDOMA TRiGHBOiSTiA Jordan <L' Oilberty 9p. not. A small, slender species, graceful in form and elegant in coloration It is most nearly related to C. caVistiay but may be readily distinguished Body rather slender, considerably compressed, the depth ^ in length Head rather slender and pointed, 4^ in length. Eye of moderate sizQ 3^ in bead. Moutb qaito large, very oblique, tbe maxillary extendin, to opposite the anterior margin of the eye, and the premaxillarie being on a level with the middle of tbe pupil, tbe moutb thus beiO; similar to that of the species of Notropis. In C, catlistia, tbe month is much more inferior, nearly horizontal ; tbe mnxillaries do not extend ta the eye, and iha premaxillarits are entirely below the Jevtl of the orbit. 1 Scales rather closely imbricated, G-42-3; lateral line considerably decurvetl, usually with an abrupt angulation between pectorals and ven- trals; IS or 19 scales before dorsal fin (15 or IG in C\ callUtta). Fius moderately developed: dorsal well behind veutrals, nithern caudal Lhau muzzle. Dorsal I, 7. Anal I, 9. Pectorals falling som what short of ventrals; the latter reaching beyond vent nearly to of aual. Color: Bright steel-blue above : sides bright silvery ; in males, mo: or less milky. A Uirge black spot at base of caudal, precisely as in (iftUUtia^ not nearly so distinct as in C. fftujmatura. ITead silvery ; abo bluish. Dorsal fin with a broad, dusky, honzontal band at ba**; t membrane of the last rays above jet-blacky blacker than in the otb species; the tip of the flu milk-white. The rest of liie dorsal fln, leiiroo somM FISHES OF THE ALABAMA BASIN. Ui« anterior part, U of a bright pole vermillion-red. Tbe niudal ftouehiefly rosy, tbo tips milk-white. Tbe anal is milky, with a decided Saib of roee-color. The' ventrals are mlTky. Fenwle specimens are duller, bat tbe black flD-markiugs and the can- isl qM>l areRimtlur iu all. In tbe female of C. callUtia^ tbe dorsal mark- iiBfi M« obliterated. In the malefi, iu spring, the bead and anterior dorsal region are rather iparaely tuberculate. Tbe caodal peduncle and the space below the ItfcnU liao as far forwanl as tbe ventrals are covered with similar tabercJes. Teeth I. 4—4, 1, of the nsnal type, hooked and Bhan>'€dged. Maxi- Bou leoglb 2} inches. C eallUtia reaches a length of 4 inches. Codnma triehroijttia is very abnndant in the clear tributaries of the Etowah and Oostananla. Specimens were taken by Messrs. Jordan iiud Gflbert iu 1876. but the species was at first confounded by as with C. (aUMAt which it mnch resembles in coloration. The entirely differeuc ■Mtb will clistiaguish the two species at once. 3C. EaoGALA CIRCLE A Jordan. ^._.,.,. ...» ^^miMHInencate and graceful iiah has thus far been only foand in Sfce OostAoaala Kiver and its tributary, Kocky Creek. It prefers clear vftlcre. ^^^ 37. CODOHA FORMOSA {PutTiam) Jordan. ^K Th€ typical specimens of Albunins formosus Putnam and of Leuci^cut ^Kifffteioplenis Glinther were obtained from near Mobile. The species ^tt«n4bre MongH to the fauna of the Alabama Basin. GUntber's Aetcrtptloti appIiewH well to ^^PhotogenU grandipinnis Jor,^ and Albunm« .iWniAfM in p«x>bnbly the same. Tht follovrlDg is an analysia of tbe characters of tbe species of tbe flbgeijuii Efttgcia at prej^nt known : — ■^myiil. m.nr I, U : tftoth 1,4-4,1. I >r t«i veiitrulM, iuraja, in maleft, longer tban head, reach- ' baae of tlio caudal : body abort, mQch comprcMietl : buck IS ; I l in k»Mj;tb: bead \\: luonlli larm*. verj' obliqiio. ihe Jnw cH|iiiil : block ilonal bltitcb very diHtinet: a <liatiuct black cnmlul ifpot : toloratton and iubercl«a ankaowu : size buaU; length '.4 In- FOBMOS.t, 1. ftn «ll](!iTt^ pnMf«rior to Teotralti. Its longeafc rays, in males, shorter ihaa tfatf bctail, and nut rcaohini; nearly to baae of oaadal: candul pMluDulft talwreolatn: fins with much icd : size medium ; Ion(;th 3i inches. 52 CONTKIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHyOLOOY HI. b. BoOy deep, coropre«o<l; depth 3^ to ^ in leDgtb : fini &I1 groatly elevated; the height of the dotval Qve-dixthii the luu]{tb o{ the head : inazzle, autvnor part uf dorsal fin, and a brood creAcent in the middle of the candal fin hrigbt scarlet : posterior margin of caudal blackish ; no black spot at base of caudal PYKunoMKias, S, bh. Body luoru eloogate, less comprcstHsd, iu» depth 4 to 4^ iu leogtb ; fiaa all rather low, the iongeet dorsal ray scarcely } length of head : dorsal, anal, and oaaUoI fins ohiefly bright crirasuu : no dutluite dark margin co caadol : a faint black candal spot.. XJSKinu,3. •Section H. Anal 6n short, its rays 1, 6, or 1,9. * Teeth one-rowed, 4—1. Dorsal fin scarcely at all posterior to TentraU, its first ray nearer snout than base of caudal : body elongate, compressed : month smallish, oblique, rather inferior : dorsal fin greatly elovalcd. tbu longmt ray, in mnleti, longer than the bead: black dorsal blotch well marked: dor&al, anal, and caudal fins ohielly of a bright fermginous-orange ; a. blue streak along sidea : size small ; length -Zl inches., .cxluskmjl, 4. •■Teeth two-rowed, 1, 4-4, 1 (often 1, 4-1, 3, id C. eufyttoma). c. black markings of the dorsal fio not in the form of a borlsootol bar across the fin. d. Adult males without red laarkuiga on the fins. t. Ho distinct black or dark bine spot at base of caudal : body short and deep, strongly compressed : fins not greatly elevated, the dorsal largely of a bright luutruns pale green : black doreal markings distinct : a bluish atreak along iddea: males with the whcile body tuliercnlate, except the space anterior to the ventrala and below the hiteral line : head poiut-ed : month oblique, the upper Jaw projecting: size small; length 3 ltt> chcS CULOUldTIA, 5. m, A rather faint dark bine caudal sput, precedul by a very distinct lateral band of clear blue : sides ohiefiy bine and silvery: fins clear yellow, the block markings obscure : body slender : moaih small : fins not greatly elevated: size small; length St inches cxrulea, 6. ijtilk A large, very conspicuous jet-black spot at base of caudal : body eloQgata, moderately comprcseed : color pale olivacaona or bluish: sides silvery: fin-markings rather obscnre: fins rather low: month oblique, the lower jaw the shorter : scales large ; size large : length 4 inches . . stiomaTURa, 7. 4d. Adult males with tbu vertical flna chiefly red: n well-marked block candal spot, less Mstinct than in C. stiffmaiura. f. Mouth largo, quite oblique, tUe jaws about equal, the maxillary reach- ing to op[ioi>itc the eye and the prcnutrillttria antcriorli/ on the level of the jinpil : l>ody slender, compressed : doreal tin dutiky ut Uaw, jct-blnck on last Tuyn, the On otlierwise, as well as the anal and candal jtale Ter- million : caudal peduncle tnbemnlate: dorsal markings nsnnlly distinct in both sexes : size small ; length 2} inches tricdroistti*, B> ff. Month nearly horizontal, overlapped by the heavy snoot, the maxillary not reaching to the eye, and the pnmaxillarifa anteriorltf below the level of the orbit : doraal tin dusky at the base and on the last rays, tlie greater part of tbu fin, aa well as of Ihe candal, bright carmine : colomtton of body quite dork, blue in moles, otivu in females: dorsal morkingit ubMuro in the latter: body stout, not greatly compreased, th' back sunuwhal elevated: size large; length 4 iocbes CAUJimA, !>. CO. Black markings of the dontal fin in the form of a horizontal bar Hcrvvv* ihit tin midwuy: body stout and deep, not greatly oompnwsul: ! -y: mouth large, oblique, with equal Jaws: eye very large; a ~ Us- tinct black caudal spot: fins with pale red : teeth sometimes 1, 4-1, 3 1 sixe large ; length 4 inches: appearance of IauUus KiiitrsroMA, 10. FISHKS OF THE ALABAMA BASIN. 53 Genus NOTROPIS JRafimsque, dS. NoTBOPiB LIRU8 Jordan. HrmM JouDAM (ISH), Ann. Lye. NAt, Hist, N. Y. 342. OommoD ID tributaries of the IStowsb, OosUnaalAj aud Ooosa id still, 4Mp wat«i«. This species is not, by any means, a typical member of te genas. In form, coloratioa, sqnamation, and nnptial tubercles, it naenbleetbo species ot Lythrurus, from which it is technically Heparated fcy Uie waut of masUcatory surface on the teeth. Notropu matutinus iMfooobcft it in tbo small size of its scales. ^^^m 39. Nornopis stilbius Jordan, HftMNgri* trtOMw JoKDAK (It^TT), Atui. Lye. Nat. Bist. N. Y. 343. Aboadatit in the water-basin of the Alabama. The species of this greatly need revision. Genus NOTEMIGONUS Hafinesque. 40, KOTEMIGONUS CHRYSOLEUOUS {MiL) Jor» f mo«t writon; not CypHnvsam^ricaniisLinnfeDaf-n-bichUaSontheafit- ern Bpeciea — NoiemigovHM itckantu Jor.) This famiHar speoles is very abandaut in bayons and weedy streams Edo of the Alabama. Genus PHENACOBIUS Cope, 41. Phgnacobius oatostomtjs Jordan, tt^lMfani JoiiOAK (lan), Ann. Lye. Nat, Hist. N. Y. 332. lltU flUVDgly marked species was fonnd in abundance in two clear flHBoia, Silver Creek and Cedar Creek, tributaries respoetirely to the Bunrab and the Coosa. This is a much stouter species than P. vranops Uo^; it baa leas developed lips aud is in various other ways dissimilar. Genua CERATICHTHYS Baird, 2. CKBATicnTHYS wofOHELLi {Qiratd) Jordan. < .,, Proc Ac Nftt Sc Phila. 1856, 211. -), Joani. Ao, Nat. 8«. Philft. 186H,236. Vofy eommoD lu the Alabama Basin. C. higutiattu was not obtained by 04 in aay of tbe tributaries of the Alabama. It seems, however, to bsre been dencribwl by Girnrd, from the Black Warrior, under the name S^eomi* Mkctu. 54 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IIL Genus SEMOTILUS Bqfinesque, 43. Sbmotilvs oobpobaub {MiU) PtUnam. Oommon in tho smaller streams. Genus RHINICHTHYS Agassis. 44. Rhiniorthys obtusus AgasMz, Very common in tbe spring-runs tributary to the Etowah and Oosta- uaula. OATOSTOMID^. Genus MYXOSTOMA BqfiHesque. 45. MYX08T03CA MAOROLBPtDOTUM DUQUSSUn {Le 8,) Jimimm, The *- Ked Uorse" is common in the Ktowah and Oostananla. Yar. Uivhrymale (Cope) also oeours. 4(k Myxostoma busyops Jordam, ilfjmtwmM mrjfpt Jokdan (1S7T), Ana. Ly«. Nftt. Hist. N. Y. 3t8. From Lorejoy *8 Creek, a tribatary of the Ooetanaola. The type-^wci- men of this singular species still remains unique. Genus CATOSTOMUS Le Sueur. 47. Catostoxts 2iiGRiCA>'s BTowA^n:^ Jordan. i.\i.:Mt\fmtti Kiyru-uM^ vaur. <teir»»ii* Jokdax vI^^% Ann. Lye. Xat. HLiC K. Y. The Hog Mullet, or Crawl- a-bottom^ is very abundant in aU rapid screams iu the Alabama Basin* The charactws separating rar. «(9«a- i«K« from nigrieatu seem to be pretty eoostant. I do Dot, howeTcr, thiuk them distinct species. Genus ERIMYZON Jordan. 4^ EKDfTZO^C SrCXTTA (£«<-.) t/(»niiaa. Thi5 »pecie&. known locally as the May Sucker^ is abondaar in the w;iter^ basin of the Alabama. Genus MIXYTREMA Janim. •ML ItasmaoLL sdbzjcioys ^erdaa. Xte "^awft Sv^cc^ ia abndant ia tibe wafecffs af tite PISHES OF THE ALABAMA BA81K. 65 Genoa CARPIODES Rafincsque. 50. Oaepiodes oyprimus {Le 8.) Ag, A single specimen from Round Lake near Moutgouieryf Ala., appa- tmOy ideutical with Peuuaylvauia examples. r Genus BUBALICHTHYS Af/assu. K 51. BUBALICHTHTS (TATTBUS) Agtuaiz, Bsoordecl by Professor Agassiz from the Alabama, Other apecies of •BoBaio Fish'' doabtless occar ia the Alabama, but the species have mrvr b«eu studied. SILURIDJ;. Genus ICHTHiELURUS Safinesque, 52. JOETTUBLVRVB PU270TATUS [Rqf.) Jor, ▲bondaut in the baaio of the Alabama. Genus AMIURUS Bafinesque. 63. AMIUBCS NATALIS ANTONIKNSIS {Qtd.) Jor. It in moddy ti'ibutartes of the KtowaU atid Coosa. Genus NOTURUS Eajinesque. 54. NoTUBUS LKM'ACANTnus Jordan. two specimeDS, taken in Silver Creek, and a third specimen, from the are all that are at present known of this carious little ANGUILLIDiE. Genus ANGUILLA Thmherg. 65. AliauilXA VULaABts Fleming, LEPIDOSTEID^. Genus LEPIDOSTKUS Lac^pbdc. 0(K liBrnjosTEUs osseus (L.) A$. From tli» OostaaanJa; probably common. 66 CONTKIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IlL VI.—WATBB-BASIN OP THE TENNESSEE BIVER. The fish-fauua of the ToDncssee River has been pretty fally stodied, especially as to its Cyprinidw, Tliirty-seven species were obtained by Professor Cope in the French Broad, tbirty-foar in the Holston, and twenty-five by Professor Jordan in tributaries of tbe Clinch and French Broadly utakiug iu all some sixty diQerent s|XH;ies known to inhabit the upper watera of the Tennessee. In the lower course of the river, thirty- four species ore recorded by Professor Agassiz from the Tennessee River at Huntsville, Ala. ; twenty species were obtained by the writers from the Chickamanga River at Ringgold, Oa., and seventeen species from Elk River at Estill Springs in Tennessee. About sixty-eight spe* cies are therefore known to occur iu the lower course of the river. la all, eighty-two diflereut species are knoicn to inhabit the waters of the Tennessee. To this number many species of large Ushea inhabiting the Ohio at the mouth of the Tennessee might} with certainty, be added; but it is not the province of this paper to record guesses. Forty-six species are therefore certainly common to the upper and lower courses of the Tennessee River. The species at present known iu the Tennessee Basin, only from the upi»or conrse, — the Clinch, Holston, and French Broad Rivers, — are the following : — i I Hadropterus aurantiacas Dipleslnm simoterom. Nothonotus zouatis. Nothonotns vulnemtas. Nothonotus rutllineatns. Etheostoma flabellare. Salveliuns footinalis. Alburuopa spectruuculus. Hydrophlox rnbriorocens. Hydrophlox lacertosus. Episema leocioda. Kotropis micropteryx. Notropis atherinoides. Hemitremia vittata. Placopharynx carinatus. Noturus eleutberus. In all, sixteen species. From tbe lower coarse of the river only, the following are known :- ("Etheostoma") cineroa. ("Etheostoma'') tessellata. Pcecilichthys jessiro. Ctlif^nob^yttus gulosus. Lepiopomus obscnms. (Lepiopomus) bombifrous. Kn(>omotis paUidos. Xeuotis inscriptuB. Esox (crassus). Hyodon seleuops. Pomolobus chrysochloria. Dorosomacepedianum hetemram, Kotropis lirus. PhoxinuB flammons. FISHES OF THE TENNESSEE BASIN. 57 QBHlflftbia Uoen. Ovpiodes b&BOD. Bubalichthys urus. Amta calva. Acipeuser maculosus. In all, twenty species. knowledge wilt considerably modify these lists. It is feotiable that Uio aixteeu Hpecies in the first list, with the probable »p(ioo» of yoturus eleutherns and Salveliuus fonthialiSy will bo found '1ft lobatrit the lower part of the river basiu, if Bought for in ^suitable It is likely that the tributariea of the Tennessee having their io the Cumberland Mountains in Alabama have the same fish- hmia as nmilar streams rising in the Cam berland Moantains in Virginia. Aboat twelve species are at present known only from the Tennessee Brer and its tribataries. These are : — flsdroptcms aaraotiaoas. ttaa) oinerea. »ina) tessellata. Xotboooiofl vnlneratas. SoUiociotiw mfiliueatas. FflwiUdithys Jessiie. (Lcpiopomus) bomblfrons. Albumops spectrunculus. Hydrophlox lacertoaus. Phoxinas flammeus. Episema leucioda. Ceratichtbys monadins. As we go firom the Alabama to the Tennessee, we note an increased iCflBinblaaoe in the tlsh-fauna to that of the Ohio a::d Upper Mississippi Ngiott. Tfaa following are some of the Northern or Western types D^ietimm^ £tkroatoma, Pcecilichthyn, LuhuJexthcs, Zygonectes (proper), Miemitremia^ OhrosomnJi, PHoxinuSj Flacopharytur^ QudgHilabia, COTTIDJ;. Genus POTAMOCOTTUS Gill. 1, POTAMOCOTTUS MERIDIONALIS {Oirard) QUI, ickamanga Uiver. Also a single specimen from the Cave fipri&g at Camberland Gap. (C^) and In the llolston. Abundant in the French 13road River ETHEOSTOMATID^. Genus PEKCINA Ilaldeman. 9. l^BCINA CAPRODKS {Ha/.) Ord, ^,p■n^l*rtX\y abundant in clear stroiims. 58 C0NTEIBUTI0N8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY —lU. Genus ALVORDIUS Girard. 3. AXVOEDIUS MAOULATUS Oirard, Uus maculatut Grd.; Hadropterut nacmtaluw Grd.; EtktoBtowM bUnnioidc$ Aj tte.j Jleordin* agpro Cul>« & Jor.) From the Clinch and French Broad Uivers. Also abandant in the Ohickamauga at Kinggold. Genus HADROPTERUS Agassis. 4, Hadboptbbus aueawtiactus {Cope) Jordan, Fi-euch Broad Kiver (Cope), Genus DIPLESIUM Bqfinesque. 5. DiPLESiUM BLEKMOiDES {Raf,)Jor. Holston and French Broad Bivers. Also from Cbickaniauga Biver. Described by Professor Agussiz from HuntsviUe, Alabama, under tl name of Hyontt/ma newmani. 6. DiPLESXUM siMOTEEUM {Cope) CopelantL From the Clinch and Holston Rivers. Genus BOLEOSOMA DeJTay. 7. BOLEOBOMA MACULATUU Ag<M9Uh (J3. hrcvifinne Cope.} Abundant iu the Holston Hirer. Genua NOTHONOTUS Agasaig. 8, NoxaONOTUS ZONAUS {Cope) Jordan, HoIstoD and French Broad Rivers (Cope). 9. NoTUONoruB vxtlnebattts (Cope) Jot, French Broad River at Warm Springs. 10. NornoNOTUS butilineatus (Cope) Jot, French Broad Itlver. Wv have not examined this spedes and preceding. One or both of them mJiy po-rbups belong to Pvecilichthi FISHES OP THE TENNESSEE BASIN. 59 Genus PCECILICHTHYS Agassis, 11- PcKClLiCHTHTS JESSiJB Jor, & Brayt Umu, V«i1. K. it. 6. eO. 2«1, l«f7B, 227. Bodf fa9-iforuj, niilior ileup and couipressed, tht^ depth 5 to 5^ iu louglbf tbfl form of llifc body similar to that of P, »pci;tabUi8, Ikad ratb«r large, niodenilely iHiiuted, 4 iu leDgtb. Mouth rather imptt tenniDal, the apper jaw slightly loogest, not protractile. Eye l«rge, high up, 3-3 iu head, about equal to suout. Cbeeks naked, scaly above : oporclcs scaly : throat uakcd : ueck retcaly : etCi^leit medintu, 6—45 to 50-7. Ijateral liueiucotuplete, but ifog fnrtber than !xi P. rarUUu« and P. iptciabilU^ on about 35 or nearly to the eud of the secoud dorsal. Fiu Qtoderate. Dorsal, Xll— aboat 12. Anal II, 9. Color, iu spirits, olivaceous, with about nine squarish, bar-like blotches 4oQg Lbe 8ides,aud about Ave dark cross- blotches ou the back. Dorsal ad caudal Qds faintly t»arred. U hftf', the tish is ehestiiut-colored above, and the squares ou the sides im bfigbt dark blue : the fins are mottled with chestnut. A dark yel- or orani;e band across the dorsal. Second dorsal and anal with dark golden specklings. Several sfteciuieus, each about two inches long, taken in Chickamauga KiTcr at Hinggold. The specimens are certainly not fully gruwu, aud U«eoloration of the adult male is doubtless much more brdliant. It be at ouce distinguished from P. variaiun and P. spectabilin by the oi the upper part of the cheeks, by the greater development 'tkelatenU Hue, the more numerous dorsal spines, and the coloration. •ped«a is named for Mrs. Jessie D. Brayton. Gonus ETUEOSTOMA llafinc^que. V£, Etqeoutoma placellabe Rnfimnipie, Abaodant lo the upi>er waters of the Tennessee in clear rapid Genus ? 13. (Etuko8TOMa)cikerea Storer. Oneribed hom Florence, Ala. The description has reference chiefiy tba colnrolion. Neither this species nor the next have been reo- iphMl by any author subsequent to their description. t' 4. (Etueostuma) tessellata HtoTcr, Lue I riiiieaset Hirer ut Florence, Ala. . ^ _«z ---^- 60 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGT — IIL PERCID^. Genus STIZOSTETHIUM Eafinesqm, 15. STIZOSTETHIUM viTRKUM (Cuv> & Val) JoT. d' CopeL Fonnd by Professor Co|>e \u the FieucU Broad. 16. 8TIZ0STETH1UM SALMONECM Raf. Species of thU genus occur throughout the Tenuessee Basin. F tessor Oope ascribes this species and the preceding to the Free Broad. As we have seen no Bjiecinieu, we follow his identifications, I CENTEARCHIDiE. Genus MICROPTERUS Lacepbde. 17. MiOROPTERUS PALLIDDS {Raf.) QiU <fc Jordan, Not UDcorumon in the Tennessee Basin. 18, MiOROPTERUS salmoihes {Lac) QiU. Very common in the Tennessee River, Genus AMBLOPLITES Rafinesque. 19. AMBLOPLITES RUPESTRIS {Raf.) QHL Common iu the Tennessee Basin. Genus CH^NOBRYTTUS GiU. 20. Cb^nobetttus ouLoeus (C. & F.) QiU. Lower Tennessee Uiver; probably common. Genua LEPIOPOMUS Eqfinesque, 21. LEPIOPOMUS PALLmns {Mitdi.) QUI c£- Jor, Very common iu the Tennessee Basin. 23. Lbfiopomub onsouRUS {Aga$9it) Jordan. Described by Professor Agassiz from Hantsvillc, Ala. 23. (LEPIOPOMUS) BOMBrPBONS [Agattjtis). Only the type-specimens of this speciea are yet kDOw FI8EI£S OF THE TENNESSEE BASIN. 61 froa DaiiUvii1&, Ala. We are unable to decide, from tbe description iftod A MS. drawing kindly forwarded by Profeasor Bliss, whetber tbis b a Ltpiopomui or a XenoHi, Genus XENOTIS Jordan, di. Xbnotis SAKQrriNOLENTUS {Agtusvs) Jordan. Originally deecribed from tbe Tennessee River at Hantsvillo. Wc aeco no specimeus from that locabty, and are nnable to decide ^fMher Agaasiz's species is tbe one to wbicb we bave applied tbe name mfuimolmfm, or whetber it be one of tbe forms of tbe Northern A~. 25. Xenotis insceiptus {Agas9iz) Jar. Os^inallj described from tbe Tennessee Kiver at HantsTillo. Also by Profesaor Cope in the upper waters of tbe same river. Genus EUPOMOTIS GiU d Jordan. 26. EupoMOTis PAiLiDXJS {Agossiz) O, c£ J. OrigiDallj deecribed fix)m Qnutsvllle, Ala. Genus XYSTROPLITES Jordan. 27. Xtsteoplites notatus (Affosaiz). Origioalty d^aoribed from Huntsvillo, and later found by Professor ia the Dpper waters of the Teriuessef*. TbiH Hi>ecies may be B9jt09t0tU instead of a XyHiroplites. It muob resembles tbe Texan kanm B. & C. SCLENID/E. Genus ITAPLOIDONOTUS Rafinesqm, 28, HAPLOmONOTUS GEUNNIENS Raf. AbandADt in tbe Tennessee Basin. The form called by Professor AmUodon conctnnH$ needs re-examination before it can be admit- ATHERINIDJE. Genus LABiDESTHES Cope. 20. liABlDESTUES BI00ULU8 Cope. Ploirod by ProfcMor Cope in Ooal Creek, a tribntary of tbe Clinch 62 CONTEIBUnOKS TO NORTH ABfERICAN ICHTnYOLOOY — IIL CYPRINODONTID^. Genus XENISMA Jordan, 30. XENisanA CATENATUM [Storcr) Jordan. Origiually described from Florence, Aia. It ia abaudnnt iu the Ell Cliuch, and Holston in clear waters. Genus ZYGONECTES Agassix. 31, Zygoneotes KOTATU8 (iKq/*-) Jor, Desci ibed by Dr. Storcr from Florence, Ala., andcr the name of iVpri/i oUvacea, This species prefers still, deep waters, ESOCID^. Genua E80X Lintuena. 32. Esox (OBASSUB Agaesix), A siiecies is recorded by Professor A^assiz nnder the name of ^i trajnius, Tlie description ia iustifflcieut and the species is at presei unrecognized. HYODONTH)^. Genus HYODON Le Sueur. 33. Htodon 8E1.EN0PS Jordan <£* Beon. The original type of this species came from the Tennessee Eirer Chattanooga. Hyodon tcrgUus donbtless also occurs in the lower of the river. CLUPEID^. Genus POMOLOBUS Rafinesque, 34. PoKOLonus cnaT80onLo&xfl R^f, Ahnndnnt in tiie channel of the Lower Teiinoesoo. nSBES OF THE TENNESSEE BASIN. 63 DOROSOMATID^. Genua DOROSOMA liafinesque, 35. DOROSOMA CBPBDIANUM HETEfiUBUM (Raf.) Jor, Tbe *^ Glzxanl Shad ^ is abundant in the Lower Tennessee. SALMONID^. GoDiis SALVELINUS Richardson. 36. SAIiVELINTTB FORTINALIS (Mitchill) Gill & Jot, ntfftpecietf occors in abundance in Swanuanoa River, at the foot of ;BiHk Ifoantain, and in all clear tribntaries ol' the French Broad in WcsC- Xortb Carolina. In Southwestern Virginia, it occurs in certain trib- auric« of Ibe Ilolston. In Rabun County, in Northeastern Georgia, it in the headwaters of the Little Tennessee. Professor Copo on the authority of Dr. Hardy, of Asheville, that it ** occurs in the Iwftters of the Chattahoochee, on the south slope of the Alleghanies, Georgia", CYPRINID^. Genua CAMPOSTOfiLi AgasBu, 37. Campostoma ANOMAiitTM {Baf,) Ag. Vnr. prolixum Storer. Bverywhen* abandnnt. In the clear pools of the Swnnnnnoa RiA-er, Cbe foot of Black Mountain, this fish is extremely abundant, and the ^Mciffiena are brdli^kntly colored, so that they appear to l>e lunii- or pbo»phoro«C6nt as one looks down on thctn through the crystal Genua HYBORDYNCHUS At^assijf, 38. FlYitoBEiTNcnus N0TATU8 (Hc^f.) Agom^, SancrooB BpeoimoQA from the Ghickamauga River. These are uar* fi»««r-b«Mled than the common Western form {IT. superciliosv h Coiye) v«iit tbo biirbel, which is usually distinct on the latter. It is not »le that Wfl have two distinct species. 64 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — UI. Genua LUXILUS Rafinesqxie, 39. LuxiLUB OOHNUTUS {Mitch,) Jor. Abundant in every stream examined. 40. LuiiLua oocooGKNis (Cope) Jot, Abundant in eveiy stream examined. Genus PHOTOGENIS Cope. 41. Photogbnib galaotttbus (Cojpe) Jor. Abundant in every stream examined. Genus HYDROPHLOX Jordan, 42. Hydbopizlox bxtbrioroosus {Cope) Jet, »acril>ed by Professor Oopo from tributaries of the Holston. I^ fers boisterous mountain-streams. 43. Hydbofulox laobbtosub (Oope) Jor. Described from the Holston. Genus ALBURNOPS Girard, 44. Albubnops microstomus {i2a/.) Jor, Mlnnilut mierottomua Raf. B}fbop$i9 longUxpB COPB, Obtained by Professor Oope in tributaries of GliDch Biver. 45. AuiUBNOPs bpectbunculus {€ope) Jor, Obtained by Professor Cope in the Holston and French Broad. Genus Episema Oope t& Jordan, 46. EprSEMA LETTOIODA CopC Found by Professor Cope iu the Holston and French Broad. Genus NOTROPIS Rafinesque, {XatrcpU et m»uilit8 R«f. ; AlbiumtUiu Oir*rd.) 47. ^OTBOFIS AXnEBINOXDEa B^f, From tribataries of CltucU Biver* FTSHES OF THE TENNESSEE BA8IN. 65 48. KoTBOPia MiCBOPTEBTX {Cope) Jor, »m tzibntarieB of the Holston and CliDob. 49. NoTROPis PHOTOQENis (Oope) Jor, {SqwUiw pkeU>0fmi» Cope ; PkotogatU hmcop9 Cope.) L^randant io the French Broad Hiver. 60. NOTBOPIS TELESCOPU8 {Oope) JoT. »Uton and French Broad HiTers (Cope). Also abundant in £lk ^«r. If oar specimens are correctly identified, this is a true Notfopk, fltid it not easily distinguishable from JV. photogenis. 51. NoTBOPis LTfiUS Jordan, Utile spedes abounds iu both the Elk and the Ghickamaugo. Genus HEMITREMIA Cope, 52. HEaaTHEMTA YiTTATA Cope, ibed from the Holstou Uiver near Knoxville. Genus CHROSOMUS Rafine^gue, 53. Ghbosomub sbtthbooasteb Baf. led by Professor Agassiz from Hantsvillef Ala. ipecimens from the Tenuessec Uiver. We have seen Genus PHOXINUS Bafifiesque. 54. Phoxinus PI^bchbus Jordan d Oilbert. 1, Man. Vort. E. V. 8. ed. 2d, p. 303. Avery distinct species, resembling " Oite" mar/^arito (Oope), but with short lateral line of P. neogceiu Cope. 'Body stont, rather more slender and more compre8Be4l than in P. U the form being nearly that of O. margarila. Depth 4 in length, )at e<]nal to the length of the head. Urad abort and deep, smaller than iu neogcputy the upper outline inded, the muzzle quite blunt and rather short. Kye rather large, ia head, longer than snout. Month small, oblique, the lower Jaw Jting, the intermaxillary in front on the level of the pupil, and the (HftXillary e-xteuding to op]x>8ite the front of the orbit. SoalM much larger than iu P. neogimty but still quite small, in appoar- Boll. N. M. No. 12—5 66 CONTRIBUTION'S TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY IXI. ancf^ S'tnilar to those of the species of Oilo ; dorsal nod ventral regions scaled ; 7-43-5. Lateral Hue short, decarved, not reaching to base of veiitrals, on only 14 scales. Teeth 2, 4^5, 2, as in P. neogceutt, withont masticatory snrface. Fins small : dorsal well t>ebind rentrals: pi'ctorals reaching nearly to rentrals, the latter to vent. D. 1, 8, A. 1, 8j the latter fln rather high. Coloration that of the species of CUjtostomns^ especi.illy C. margdriU (which species, having the lateral Hue wanting on the last three to eigbi scales, might perhaps with propriety be referred to Phojcinwt), Back dark, the scales profusel.v punctate: a dusky band formed dark specks along the sides: cheeks pearly: space below lateral lin* silvery j in the type-specimen flashed with rich scarlet-red. Length of type 2J inches. A UDgle specimen taken in Elk River, at Estill Springs, in company] with Gila estor^ which species it much resembles in color. Phoxinu$\ fiamuieuH hears the same relation to P. ncoga:ita that Gila ettor does to] the amall-scaled Gila elongaUu Genus GILA Baird d Qirard, (Sabgenns OLINOSTOMITS Oirard,) 55. Gila XSTOB Jordan db Brayton, JordaD, Man. Vert. cd. 2d. p. 300. A large and handsome species^ related to O. tlongaia and O. proriger^ but well distinguished from both. Body elliptical-elongate, rather deep and compressed; the cand) pe<]nncle long. Greatest depth 4 J in length. Head very long and Iar| 3} in length ; flattish above, but not wide. Mouth exceedingly 1ar| very oblique, the premaxillaries anteriorly on the level of the pupil, th< maxillary extending to op[K)site the middle of the orbit, and the len] of the gai>e of the mouth a little more than half the length of the bead^ Lower jaw decidedly the longer. Eye quite larf;e, less than snout, 4 in head. Scales small, but large for the genus, their outlines well deflued,e«| cially above, &-50-5. Lateral line strongly decurved ; about 23 ucali on the back anterior to the dorsal hn. Fins high. Dorsal I, 8, well behind vcntrals, its first ray nearer thi caudal than the snoat. Anal I, 8, short and high. Pectorals falling just short of ventrals, the latter just short of vent. Teeth 2, 4-5, 2. PtBHES OF THE TENNESSEE BASIN. 67 ivk oUve ftbove, with a bluish lustre, zuany scales darker, as <uul In this genas. Sides somewhat silvery. No dark lateral band. I A broad shade of deep rose color alon^ the sides, below which most of |lbe belly in bright crimsoo, the red colors brightest auteriorly. Lfo^b of largest specimeus about 4 inches. Numerous specimeus frm tbc RIk Bfver at Kstill Springs, and from Stone Rirer at Mnr- ftvMboro'. This striking species resembles most G. elongata and Q,prO' fi^. Both those spttcies have much smaller studies (70 to 75 in the d Itoe in elongata^ 00 to 6o in proriger). The coloration is likewise itf tbe two latter species having a dnsky band along the sides, le anterior balf of which in elongata is red in spring. Q. olcngata is iich more elongate, a8 is also G. proriger. The mouth appears largest iaff. tttor. The distinction between O. proriger and 6. elongata is per- tafit qoeAtioDabte. Genua NOTEMIGONUS Eqfinesque, 66. NOTKinOONTJS OHBYSLOLBUCUS {MU,) Jor, OommoD Id Atill waters in the Tennessee Ba^io. Genua PHENACOBIUS Cope. 57. PHBNAOOBTnS TTBANOPS CopC, ftatber common in the Elk and Ohickaroanga River-s. A few speci- CM from ibe French Broad. Originally described from the UoUton ■ VlrglDia. Gonus RHINICHTHYS Agassiz, 58. Bhiniohthys obtusus AgoMxz. {Bkinichth^t lunaha Cope.) miipeeiea ia abundant in all clear rocky brooks and in oatlcts of ifirtnei. Genua CERATICHTHYS Baird, 59. CKEATICHTnYS MONACHUS Copv, AboBdaot in Cbickamanga Biver. Originally described from the 00. CSttATICnTHYS DI&SIUILI8 (KirL) Cope. Obtalnetl in Elk Biver. 68 C0NTKIBCTION8 TO NORTH AMERICAN lOHTHyOLOQY HI. 61. Obratiohtbts winchelli {Oirard) Jordan. {CeraUckthyB hyalinuM Cope.) Everywhere abuodaut in Tennessee Kivor. This is probably Hyl ffracilii Ag., the ori^nal type of the genas Hybop$i$, In that case, i( will be necessary to snbstitnte the specific name gracilis for winchelli 62. Cebatichthyb biguttatus {Eirtland) Girard, Everywhere very abundant Genua SEMOTILUS Eafinesque. 63. Semotilus coepoealis {MiL) Putn, Tributaries of the Clinch and French Broad; chiefly in small moant-j ain-streams. CATOSTOMID^. Genua QUASSILABIA Jordan d Brat/ton. 64. QUASSILABIA LACBBA Jordan cL* Brayton. Lagochila laecra Jordan & Bhaytox (1B77), Proo. Ao. Nut. So. Pbila. Two specimens of this singular fish were taken in the Cbickamaug( Biver at Kinggold and one specimen in Elk River at Estill Simngs. Ii the Chickamanga, we were told that it is quite common, and that it it much valued for food. It is usually known as the " Hare-lip " or '' Split mouth Sucker". We have lately received a fine 8i)ocimen taken in th( Scioto River, Ohio, by Mr. J. H. Klippart, where it is well known to tb< fishenneu under the name of "May Sucker^. Genus MYXOSTOMA Bqfines^ie. 65. Myxostoma velatum (Cope) Jor, ( Ptyvkottomui co^foptiM Cope. ) Obtained by Professor Cope in Clinch Riverj and by ns in the CbU amauga. 66. MVIOSTOMA MACEOLKPIDOTUM DUQtrBfiNH (Le 8.) Jor. From the Holstoo, Clinch, French Broad, and Chlckamaaga. Pi biy generally abundant. FISHES OF THE TENNESSEE BASIN. 69 Genus PLACOPHARYNX Cope. 67. Plagophabtnx oabinatus Cope, This large species is the common " Bed Horse'' of the French Broad. U mich resembles the preceding, but has a mach larger month and Gpi, besidee the different dentition. Genus ERIMYZON Jordan, 68. Ebikyzon suoetta {Lao.) Jor, Obtained in Olinch Elver. Genus MINYTREMA Jordan. 69. MiNYTBEKA MBLANOPS {B^f,) JoT. Obtained by Professor Agassiz at Hnntsville, Ala. Genus CATOSTOMUS Le Sueur, 70. Oatostohus niobioans Le 8* Very abundant throughout the Tennessee Basin. 71. Oatostohus oommbbsoni {Lae,) Jor, Generally abundant. Genus CARPIODES Rafinesque, 72. Oabpiodes bison Agassiz, tx>wer Tennessee River {Cope,) The BubalichthyincB of the Tennessee Rirer are as yet nnstndied. Genus BUBALICHTHYS Agassis, 73. BuBAJLiOHTHYa UBUS Agosiiz, Beoorded by Professor Agassiz from the Tennessee Kiver. SILURID^. Genus ICHTH^LURUS Bafinesqm, 74, lOHTHALUBUS PUNOTATUS {Baf,) JoT, ▼■ar alwnidant in the Tennessee Biver. 70 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY ^IIL Genus AMIURUS Bqfinesque, 75. AanuBUS natalis {Le 8») QUI. Vat. cupreus [Raf,), Bather abundant in Tennessee Birer. Other species of this genaa are doubtless common ; bat they have not been distiugoished. Genus PELODICHTHYS Bafinesque, 76. Pblodiohthys olivabis (jBa/.) QiU & Jar, Abandant in the channels of the larger streams. Several spocimens from the French Broad. This species probably occars in the channels of all the streams men- tioned in this paper ; bat, tom its habits, it is not easily taken with a small net. Genus NOTURUS Bafinesque. 77. NoTUBUS ELEUTHERUS Jordan. Koturut deniherua Jordan (1877), Add. Lyo. Nat. Hist. N. T. 372. The type-specimen of this species was from Big Pigeon Biver, in Cocke Coanty, Tennessee, near its janction with the French Broad. Many other specimens have since been obtained in Tar Biver, North Carolina. ANGUILLID^. Genus ANGUILLA Tkunberg. 78. ANauiLLA YULaARis Fleming, Eels occur in Tennessee Biver, though raiher less abundantly than hi the streams farther south. AMIIDiE. Genus AMIA Linn<Bus, 79. AUIA CALVA L, Becorded by Professor Agassiz from Hantsville, Ala. K1SHE8 OF THE CUMBEBLAND BASIK. 71 LEPIDOSTEIDJ;, Genus LEPTDOSTEUS Lacepede. 80. Lkpidostbus osa£Us (/r.) Ag, \\y Abandant. 81. LKP1D08TECB PLATYBTOSIUS B^f, HantAville, Ala. {Agasniz), ACIPENSERID^. Genus ACIPENSER Agtmi^. S2. AOLPKNSEB HAOULOsus Le jSuevr. I, Ala. {AgoMizy 83. AciPENSEB BUBIGUNDUS Le Sueur, Hautaville, Ala. {Agassiz), POLYODONTIDiE. Genus POLYODON LaccpMe. 84. POLYODON FOLIUM '^ Loc." Abmdant in the riverclmntiels. yU. — WATEB-BA^IN OF OUMBEELAND niVEB. Szty-flvu Species are kuuwu tu occur iu Lhe waters of the Camberland Of tbede, forty-Heveu have bet^n obtained iu the lower oourse of rircr, f. e., In the vidoity of Nashville, by ProfetMor Wiuchell, aud StDiMs ^Tor, at Morfreesboro*) by the present writers. Id tUo upper !of the Htruam, thirty-three BpecieH have beeu obtained by Profeaaor Ib ibe South Forkof the Cuuiberluml iu Teunessec and by Prolesaor at the FalU aud in the Bock Gastle, Ruuud 8toue, Big Zjaurel, aud ttibatiiriea iu Koutauky. Oaly flfteeu Bpeoiea are, therefore, knotm baeommou to both tbe upper aud lower courses of the stream. The dilTureooeB lietweeu the upper aud lower faun» are, however, ly rtry Kiuall, if similar streams are compared. The differences |Mj esisCtug are pmbably chiefly duo to the fact that the large fishes ^>^tiDg the lower part of the river are auable to asceud above the CoBpAf I 'Umberlaud River with the Teuueasee, the disappear- 72 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHTOLOGT — ^OZ. ance of one or two Soathern types will be noticed, as will be the app ance of certain forms abandant in the basin of the Ohio. Of these la may be noticed P<eeUiohtkya variatiu, Apomotitty Lythrunu, and i^itu; le8. Bnt two species, both Darters, are at present known only &om Cumberland Biver. These are Ulocentra atripinnis and Nothonotus guifluiu. The National Hnsenm is indebted to the kindness of Professor "V chell for the following interesting — List of Fishe8 of N<ishvUley as given by a Ftshermatij Daniel A, Birdiei A. WinohelL "FEBOH TBIBE." Sun Perch. Ooon Perch. White Perch. Black Perch. Red Perch. Speckled Perch. Brama Perch. Bass or Bock Bass. TROUT TRIBE. White Trout. Black Trout. SUGEER TRIBE, »• White Sucker. Spotted Sucker. Hog Sncker. Bed Horse, creeks and river. Black Horse. Carp, creeks and river. Mallet "BUFFALO TRIBE." White BuffiAlo. Blue Buffalo. *'OAT TRIBE.'' Yellow Oat. Blue Oat Nigger-lip Cat Chisel-head Oat. Kerkin Oat. Shovel-bill Cat "MINNOW TRXBS." Silver Side. Stone Toter. Homy Head. White Boach. Creek Mallet Steel Back. UISOELLANEOU& Thunder Head. Drum. Jack. Chover. White Chover. Gizzard Shad. Skip Jack. Tooth Herring. Sand Pike. Pike. Top Water (several species). Gar. Sturgeon. Bel. Lamprey Bd. KtSII£8 OF HIE CUMBERLAND BASIN. 73 COTTIDJ;. Genua POTAMOCOTTUS GiU. 1. POTAMOCOTTCS MKBIDIONAUS {Ord.) QilL Couiberlaud liiver at Nashville. ETHEOSTOMATID^. Genus PERCINA Haldeman. 2. Pbboina capbodes {Eaf,) Ord, [AbwnJaDC Genua ALVORDIUS Girard. 3. ALTOBDraa MAcuLATua {(Hrard) Cope d; Jordan, \fnm the Bock Gastle and Cntuberland at varioas points, 4. ALVOBDiUB PU0I0CEPUALU8 (NeUon) Cope <fc Jordan, Tnsn the Cnmberbiod Kiver at Nasbville. Specimens of this inter- ipecies are in the National Museum from Marais da Cjsn^e, I have othera from the Wabash Biver, Nelson's tyi>e8 were Iliiaoifl Biver. Qenm DIPLESIUM Jtafinesque. S. DlFLBSIUM BLENNIOIDES {Bttf.) JoT, ImiU Fork of tlie Cumberland Biver (Copo). Also from Cumberland Birers. 6. DiTLBOTUM smoTBBiTM (Cope) Copcland, tfae Bock Castle Biver at Livingston, Ky. Genu* ULOCENTRA Jordan, 7. UiyOCBNTBA ATBiPnmis Jordan, ' <ak (1^177), BolletiD X, U. S. Nat. Miueam^ la • !fti>ecie8 was coHected in the Camberland Biver at . '.Asor Winchell. 74 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY— UI. Genus NOTHONOTUS Agassis. 8, NOTHONOTUS CA^ciTRua {Cope) JoT. Professor Cope's types were from the South Fork of the Camberlan* We have seen others from Wliito River in Indiann, and from Mikboiiin| Uiver and other streams in Ohio. This species is not identical witi yothonotux macuiatus Ag. {Etheostoma macutaia Kirt.), as has been so] posed. Nothonotua maculatw has a pointed instead of ronnded snout; jaws uro equal ; its mouth is larger, the body is more compressed, aai its dorsal Qu more elevated, the soft ruys when depressed reaching the caudal. Specimens in the National Museum, collected in Mahoning Kiver bj Professors Baird and Kirtlaud, show the following characters : — Body moderately elongated, very deep, strongly compresAed, tl depth 4^ in length. Head 4 in length, the jaws equal, the mouth U Eye 4^ in head. Spinous doi*sal with a long base, larger than soft doi sal, the spines high, the two fins slightly connected. Soft dorsal eli vateil, the longest rays when depressed reaching base of candal, tl caudal peduucle very short and deep. Caudal fin short and round* Anal somewhat smaller than second dorsal. Pectonils and ventri moderate. Scales not large, 58 to CO in the lateral line, which is contiuuou«j cheeks naked : of>ercles scaly. Fin-rays: Doraal XlI-13 ; A. II, 8, An elaborate colored drawing of a male fish in life colors, in tl Smithsonian Institntion, shows the following features of coloratioi l8 we have never 8f*en this species in life, we cannot Toach for tfa( accuracy ; — Back olive; belly becoming 3*eJlowish. Sides and back proi speckled with earmtne-red, the blotches rather less than the size of eye, not round, nor arranged in rows. Dorstd tin with a dull reil stripe at base, a brown interval, then bright red stripe, finally margined with white. Second dorsal di browu at base, then a broad red stripe ; u broad marginal baod whifo. Caudal similarly tricolor, chiefiy crimson, with a broad dual band at base and a wide white band at the tip. Anal chietiy crimi with a terminal band of white. Pectorals and ventrnls nearly pli Head olivaceous. FISHES OF THE CUfttBEBLAND BA8IK. 75 9. NoTHONOTUs SANGUIPLUUS (Cope)t/or. ID the South Fork of the Oamberlaud in Teauessee {Cope}, Genus BOLEOSOMA DeKay. 10. BOLEOaOMA MAOULATUH ji^. D the Book Oastle River. Genus POECILICHTHYS Agassu, 11. PCKOILIOHTHYS TAEIATUS {Kirt.) Ag. D the South Fork of the Gamberlaod Biver {C'tpe), Genus ETHEOSTOMA Rafinesque, 12. ETHEOSTOMA FLABELLABE Bof. ndftat iu the mountaiu tributaries of the Cumberland. PERCID^. Genus STIZOSTETHIUM Eafinesque. 13. STIZOSTETHIUM SALMONEUM Bof, or two small specimens from the Bock Castle Biver. CENTRARCHID^. Genus MICROPTEEUS Lac^pMe. 14. MiOEOPTERUS PALLIDUa {Kaf,) Q. & J. I '< White Trout '', as this species is often called, is common in the erland. It is said that this species and the next were not found t the falls until introduced. 15. MiOBOPTEBUS SALMOIDES {Loc,) 6ilL i " Black Trout" occurs with the preceding, and is still more aban- Genus AMBLOPLITES Eafinesque. J.6. AMBLOPLITES BUPESTKIS (Ra/.) QUI, ttywhere abundant 76 CONTBIBnTIONS TO NORTH AMEBICAN ICHTHTOLOG7— m. Genus APOMOTIS Rafineaque. 17. APOHOTIS 0TANKLLX7S {Raf,) JoT, Abaodant in the Gamberland Biver at I^asbville. Genus LEPIOPOMUS B^finesque. 18. Lepiopouub faujsub {Mit) Gill <& Jordan. Very abandaut in the Gamberland. 19. Lbfiopomus obsoxtbus {Agauix) Jor, Collected by Professor Winchell in the Cumberland Biver at N ville. Genus XENOTIS Jordan, 20. XSNOTIS MBaAI.OTIS {B(tf.) Jor, Abundant in the Cumberland Biver. Genus POMOXYS Bqfinesque, 21. PoHOXTS znoBOUAoui^TUS (Le 8,) OrtU Collected by Professor Winchell at Nashville. 22. POMOXTS ANNULABIS Bqf, From the Cumberland at Nashville. SOLffiNIDiE. Genus HAPLOIDONOTUS Rafineaque. 23. HAPLOIDONOTUS OBUNKIENS Rof. Abundant in the river-channel. ATHERINID^. Genus LABIDESTHES Cope. 24. liABIDBSTHES SIGOULCS Cope. Abundant in Stone Biver at Murfreesboro'. This interesting cies was named by Bafinesque in 1832 Zonargyra vireioens* This I: name was, however, not aooompanied by a description, and thefi cannot be ^nployed. FISHES OF THB CUHBEBLAND BASIN. 77 OYPRINODONTID^. Genus XENISMA Jordan, 25. Xbnisma oatsnatum {8torer) Jordan, GoDeeted by Professor Winchell in streams about Kashvilie Genus ZYGONECTES Agassiz. 26. Zych)NEGTBS notatus (Raf,) Jar, Aqo Gamberland and Stone Bivers. Bafinesqae's original speoi- MM vere from the Oamberland at Williamsborg. HYODONTID^. Genus HYODON Le Sumr. 27. Htodon tkboisus Le Sueur, Abondant in the Gamberland. 28. Htodon sblbnofs Jordan db Bean, Two or three specimens in the IfTational Museum from Cumberland Brer. CLUPBID-S;. Genus POMOLOBUS Bafinesqm. 29. PoHOLOBUS GHBTSOOHLOBis Bafinesqvs, Abundant in the Lower Cumberland. DOROSOMATID^. Genus DOROSOMA Bafinesque, 30. DOBOSOHA CEPEDXAN0M HETEBUBX7M {Raf.) JoT, Abondant in the Lower Cumberland. CYPRINID^. Genus CAMPOSTOMA Agassiz. 31. Oaxpostoma anomalum (Raf,) Ag, 78 cosmiBCTKUia to kobxh ambbigah xchthtoloot^iil Qenns PDfEPHALES lU^neague, SX PmxPHAiJBS PBOMXLAB Bt^ntt^me, OMW«M ^ PirafNur Winobell in taribatarips of the OamtMilM 0«ttQ» HYBOBE[TNCHUS AffossU. Sk EtW«HTXGHU8 HOTAT0B (Bt^,)A$. Q^MHK LUXILUS Sqfhmiue. 3C tvntm cnnnrros IMU) Jorimm, <«vtiui» iniOTOGENIS Cape. V v^> mUuiuImuI vvw> vf bv«« ivt tbie Cunboluid. Some flpedmenii NHHbvtUv hMvv Uto vMU^Itk) tlu i»aW r«4. This qpedM docs mt sec CHHmr lu tbit iUiivK l'h<> ^ttotstioa» from that ifvsr were foande ;Ul kMUtruUKNia ANALOSTAKUS (<?rd.) J'sr. Kroui ttt(« iHiiutH«iluiul »t Naahville. UouuH ALBURNOPS GtrardL ,i7. A I.UVKNOPS MICROSTOMAS (Ba/.)Jbr. VrttHi (Ihi Huullt l<'ork of the Gumberland (Cope). <ionuB LYTHEURUS Jordm, m. LvrnnuBUS abdbns {Cope) cTor. |f^ UlillliiluMf 4tvm;vwhore in OumberlaDd Kiver. One of the i ^^IgfUfll^lii MiH't^i*'**, iiH ft a]>pareutly does not occur either in the ] iluum NOTROPIS Eqfinesque, ■• Nf>'ntOPI8 ATHERtN0IDES(iJff/)t7br. He Honk Castle and other upper tributaries of FISHES OF THE OTTMBBBLAin) BASIN. 79 40. NOTBOPra MZOBOPTEBTX {Oope) JoT, Abnndant in the Bock GastJe. 41. KoTBOPis TELESOOPxm {Oope) Jar, Btane Biver at Marfreesboro'. GenuB HEMITREMIA Cope. 42. Hbhitbehia yittata Cope, AboDdant in Big Lanrel Biver in Laniel Oonnty, Kentucky. Genus GILA Baird d Qirard. 43. Gila bstob Jordan ds Brayton, Several specimens from Stone Biver at Mnrfreesboro'. Genus CHROSOMUS Agassiz. 44. OhBOSOMUS EBYTHBOaASTSB Ag. From tho tributaries of tiie Bock Oastle. Genus NOTEMIGONUS Eafinesque 46. NOTEMIGONUS 0HEYSOLET70US {Mit.) Jor, Common in sluggish waters. Genus PHENACOBIUS Oope. 46. PHENAOOBIUS T7BAN0PS Oope, Taken in Bock Castle Biver. Genus CERATICHTHYS Baird. 47. Cbbatiohthts disshulis (Kirtland) Cope. From Cumberland Biver at Nashville. 48. Cbbatiohthts amblops (Baf.) Ord, From Cumberland Biver at Nashville. ^. Cbbatiohthts biouttatos (Kirt) Ord, Bvoyvbeie abundant. 80 C0NTBIBUTI0N8 TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHTOLOOT — IH. Genus SEMOTILUS Bafinesque. 50. SBUOTILUS 00BP0BALI8 {Mit) Put, From Book Castle Biver. CATOSTOMID-S]. Genus MYXOSTOMA Bafinesque, 61. Myxostoua maobolbpidotum duqubsnii {Le S,) Jor, Common in the Comberland. Genus ERIMYZON Jordan. 52. Ebimyzon buobtta (Lac.) Jor, From the Cumberland at Kasbville and from the Bock Castle. Genus MINYTREMA Jordan, 53. MiNYTBBlKA MELANOPS (Baf,) JoT. From the Cnmberland at ^^ashville. Genus CATOSTOMUS Le Sueur. 54. CAT0ST03iUS NIOBIOANS Le H. Common in the Comberland. 55. CATOSTOinrs commbrsoni {Lac,) Jor. Very common in the Cnmberland. Genus CYCLEPTUS Bafinesque. 56. Cyoleptus elongattts (Le 8.) Ag, From the Cumberland at Ifashville. This species is known as ** Bli Horse", " Gourd-seed Sucker", and ** Missouri Sucker ". Genus CARPIODES Bafinesque. 57. Cabfiodes cutisansbbxnus Cope, From the Cumberland Biver at Kashville. FIBHBS OF THE CUMBERLAND BASIN. 81 SILURIDM. Genus ICHTH^LURUS Bafinesque. 58. lOHTH^LUBUS PUNOTATUS {Baf,) JoT, Ytrj abandant. Genus AMIURUS Bafinesque, 59. AuiVBUS NATALis (Le 8.) Gill OoDected at Kasfaville by Professor Winchell. 60. Ahittbus nigbioans {Le 8,) Oill FhND the Falls of the Gamberland. i Genus PELODICHTHYS Bafinesque, 61, PELODICHTHYS OLIVABIS {Baf.) Oill d! Jor. From the Bock Gastle at LiviDgston, and from the Gamberland-below tke Falls. ANGUILLID^. Genus ANGUILLA Thunberg, 62. ANGUILLA VULGABIS Fleming. Common in the Gamberland. A very large specimen taken in the^ fioek Castle at the month of Round Stone River. LBPIDOSTBID^. Genus LEPIDOSTEUS Lacepbde. 63. LEPIDOSTEUS OSSEUS {L,) Ag, Firom the Oamberland at Nashville. POLYODONTID^. Genus POLYODON Lacephde, 64. POLYODON POLIUM " Lao.^ ftom the Onmberland River. Ball. K. H. Ko. 12—6 «i ■BCATtTULATIOK. t^ ■ t^ dtstnbcttioii of A tikis paper. Vor ^f^ttL, 1 ^^^ MCNdMv4 tlw MHUts of Profe«aor Oopr'ti ,1^ VdA^jM^ ^mmf^ Smmi. mad Greit PtodMi» >i|^ y«lw« ^ th»e lUiM»» Md <tf mjwdt and ^^ Wvi^xnAtd •!»<«•(« ^^ be«tt iMtrodoieedibtitall y>w.iv«^*^^Wtrt>o«*ft .-^ ^v^-^wwvA1*> >**^^*^ ^***^' ^"* VV»**A-*** «»W^*»^'*^'' t , ■. . . > -.^Si^wiJw ■■ -- \\ \\\*i\W-\¥.SW^- JV4 I, I It " I'lt'* *.■! l^'i** '' ■*■ *' ,. . ^- .--•• |( iv»tUiV|'^-UH>1l> J>'i • in^iiifi'*^*- i..*4iiHi««, ili«r - , , ..Ht JnthMnUt. (OmD.IoT, --- I t." • nt*-i ■>,un«"iii"«*, »*"r .*■■- ( I.,. . i.|i-» «liyMmi< .liir ^^^^^, i.im (.hwimUilw, (lUf4 -lur -- IM,.| tinii iUhmIHUMI. lOwpfl '^"J»l It .1 till *M'M<<l'li*Hl'(i*. (J"|l* 11,1 1 .iHiiid'^ll l*«tiii'-> An II . I ,( iMrt' I'l'ltlUMI, Atf . ,L.|Mi«, I '*»(♦< -■■ ||». (C.fM'J J"r .1. >iiiin lldrl J Ap -^ I .utiitiMn. il'iTlM'! .luf --' i.,uii iiilliiH \ M'ii;i") il'tr .. |||«») I il^lKN, (I !il|H^) J'fr III i|.i<J>alllili>. ,J A Ji ., li.NI ll|ll«la ■!. A ll llrt,i All . A« ■ • t III .iiitiit II, -It. -Ill • ii II -ih ll t 1 1. -I. .\u !•'(! I< * Juit rocelrcd from Uontgmnery. Ala. DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES. 83 mg the DUtribution of the Spedet in the Different River-Baeim* — CoDtinned. 1 1 1 1 1 a 1 i 1 < 1 0 4 1 < 1 + + + 1 a p ^ S 1 a 3 4 i •be.J. &B lervtt Stor .. + + + + + + + + + + + + unlcApB, Jot Bllmr« Raf + + + + nlBtnm, f Ar) Jnr N. Jor. &. Copcl -^ N. xna, Grd + SW. ra, (f orbffl) Jor <lulAtft| Pntn \ + + + + + + + N. k. Scbninck 1 + + + NE. trenm. fMlLl J &.C KE. 1 1 + ...j...!--. N. 1 (Raf >Giil . 1 N. ta, GUI 8W. lidns, (Kaf.) G.& J + + + + + 4- f + + + noidea, (Lao.) Gill + 1 + orootia, (Baird) Gill .... eatiia. f Rnf ) Gill + + + + + + + aloaaa, (C & V ) Gill + + + + + SW. IriiU* (1/ it V 1 Jor + + 4, + 8E. n,.- Hlfaf 1 <• i J 1 1 + + + + + + + W. tidna, (Mlt.) G. &.J ...'... + + + 4- + it«8 (L ) Raf + + - + + SE. + + + + + + + + + + W. >mbIfroDA. Ac ■|m /R«f > Jor ..J...I... 1 __ J + N. s. Jor 1 i i ... . 1 + 1 + N, + 1 + oUtns. Aff In. /iff 1 G & J .. ■ ■ + 1 + '1 ' + + oa, (Walb.)G. t J + lonlfter, G. & J + + + + NB. + 1 1 + .. + mia,(Lac)C.& V •■■■'■■-!•■■ 8. lacnlatas. (LeS.)Grd jii Raf ■\ + ..;...... ... -h'... + + + + + + + + + + f + + Tnonlnnn Raf N. MM (Gitiiama) DeKftT + + 4- ■M. f KMlI Jor ^ N. '^••.Cope ... ... ... ...L.i... + + + N. 82 CONTEIBUnONS TO NORTH AMKBICAN ICHTHTOLOGT — ^IIL RECAPITULATION. The following table sbows the distribution of the species in tbe serea river-basius especially treated in this paper. For parposes of compari- son, I have iutrodnccd the resalts of Professor Cope's explorations in tbe Koanoke, James, Nense, and Great Pedee, of Prof. Forbes and Mr. Nelson in the Illinois, and of myself and others in the Ohio. A few unverified species have been introduced, but all doubtful quotations and, in general, all " guesswork '^ have been excluded. Table shomng the Distribution of the Species in the Different River-BaHnt, «. 1 1 £ I 1 1 i 1 f < 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 Lots lAonJitTiv. OV'iUb.]iG[U , ,,.- + + + 4 + 4 + + 4 N. I^toiDoCaltii A uafertillaDaUH, (Gtil ) ^tlll 4 + + + PntaniocnltuabpJrUll, (Grd,) QilL.., K. PJflur&li-Iils nt'j>r*l''^''i <^ot* „ + + + Iqa Tttti'a ^CtypPtJ*>p -■-- .,^. ,...., . + v ... + + + + + X& Prrciii.'h rnnnltoLi. Jar + HW. Alvordiun tn&ctnCfti]ia]uA C^pc AlvunlLUH ])hr)]t)c:f>p]i(i]iiH {NuIil) C. ^ J -■ + 4 .,- 4 4 W. AlvonlLiii* cmraiiftj J. & D --^-<. .-..-...-.. . — - AWonliT^i ijuvlKMiniB, Culu? -- ... ... + + ■ .-^ - Erlci»«iii:i pvUIl-b. J. i C ' itllpni.'r>nl:if:iipL'lnntli, Jur '_. J .. JlftJritpti'niioamuLliiciiii, iC(»pe> Jor .'-.J .- ... 1 + + + '- Jl.-HtiMiitcrnMil^rof.iKlfltiift, Ar + + -■ 4 4 + lEdoiitiitn:! HbiminfiHi, (Gnl.) Jot . l*l(icou.tra uli'l[iiuiiU, Jor ... ,, __ "1"" + ^ Sir, 8W Dl|i1i>' -lutti li|i'DiiiDiil<>!< iTL-itJJor + ■■ + + + \W» Dlbk'iihiiii f'JiTi'it'^nicii, >t(^op(>) CopAl ......._...T .J + + + + Dolt-ipjtumn.'ilniKti-jlf, (Stor.) Ac -■ IJolfroittinin iijiii'u].ilnm, Aj; lUiilitHuiiiiii H-'tt^iiM, Cofie NiitlitiimrnFti'mlti'. (Oip. l.Tor , >"<iIh<«DMliiH njju'ii'atu?!. [Ivrl.J j.\;r ;N«iUi initfu'* initiimiFi, iritfit-i .rnf ^'iithnniitn»«iripi'llini', frn;i(«i Jftr --^ >'tilliiirmtiiH! vnUirrntiifl. tOo|ir>t Jj(ir ..,.. >'iinjinii!ilufi lli'jljirtiiiluim, J. i U :^'^Jth^1nl^t!I^ tDwriptu", -T. &B .,.,.. Si"(i!li-iTiPPln*riiLlliiii':rtoK. (t;<>p«I Jor. rft"iilicblli>«Tjrliituii, (Kirt.J Aif rfL^lhi'ljlb.vftapi'cubilii*. Atf ■" ' — + 4 + + 4 + 4 NW. 'JuBt rccoircd from Montpimcrjr, Ala. DISTBIBUTION OP SPECIES. 83 TIM* Atteimg the DUtributum of ike Specie$ in the Different River- Baeim9—Coni\nvieA, i 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 .3 n a 1 i m i M s < H + 1 1 4 i ftlfcl^JI>MlJ, 1 &, B.... ...... 1 Tiff mi'' IfMHIVft, ATilT . . mirBil rfBrnWi ?ttnr ... + + -1- + + + + bMMb HI nnin inrpa iToir ...... Mi^lKballBfv B*f ........... + + + + + rif tlt»ii[y«tiiiiii. tl£l Fnr lA. ^tkjMmtm^Jnr. &.Capd.,. --'.^ i- X. ikt^^i|Vii«.Qrd. SW, lUhcBBiiis, iForbn) Jor , 1 + + -I- + y. liMHl^nia Rrfhrffnfk + ... .. + + NE. KCkna TUHam. (Mic.> J, 4 C JfE, NrtUaa aalsiomniii, Rif..... llitUBB BuudflDM. fSmlth) Jot. ... ... - ... ... ... + N. ■ C^tVODA. fRftf-t t^ltll ...... N. tf tilcmiplA, <t1II S^K ipbra* palUdiu iUMt)G.&.J ...... + ... + + + + + + + + + + + niaw aUlKOide*. iLacI Gill ...... Ikvciboa paraatiM, lB«lrd} GUI + ... - bolkbtt itmeatrlA. (Raf}{3lll + + + + + + + ... + + + + + + + + + 4- + + + + + + + + b*lkw* CAVlfrunft Cchm ^^ ^^a. + ■" ... ... .. kttorttai. rnlcuin i^ A Y ) {ISU sw. ■blltl— illlilli ir A-YI.Inr + + + + + + — + + SB. ■aii«e7VHUo«.<BAr.)a*J PJMia* IwUldun.^ (Ult.) ii. & J W. ifmnt ificbjron, J. k N^ ■fhthOa bnrilTik ifTi 1 Hftf + + + + + - + + ... ... + + + + + + SE. W. J itia:^nloCl«. (RafWor \ K. 4)1 Mtnaliw. Jot ■rifljTtbrocbioH', Jcir Kii iBierHituA. (Ag.t Jur " '" " 1. ... ■- + + K, + .- .- + + + + + ■npLio) DotAiu. Af: .„.. ■■■Hi Tiafliiillni f \b t IS ^ J . . - - '■ + + BM<iim»ii«.<W*lli|G.&J... „.. .. ■acBBtbaa ploaljEin' G. & J •, ..,, ,,. + — + + + + ... I -.. -. 2fE. aaMhwmarRUQlU.Oni&Jor nRkiulrl4fwi,fUr}aAT mreku mKriipterun, fLac.} Jor.... + + ■-' ■: 1 + - + ,,. + ... B. + + + + + + + + ■■^nn^uli IK*' |i*n*woiii jiiiiiniliiiiiii ffif . , + K. + ' + + '^iHiHteB rlttrr } iTm- 1 K. i<Hnwllll1UfcCop* ... ..., ,.. .„ :j... r.- ... ,. + + + N. 84 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ^ID. Table showing tie Distribution oftheSpe<He» in the Different Birer'Ba»in$ — Continoed. ^-a i 1 1 3 1 1 a 1 i a K m 5 1 1 J i 1 1 a d 1 1 + e 1 a Fnmluliiadlnplijuiiia, (Lo S.> Ag .,.,,.---. , SonlBmaBTolliferuni, Jor „, + XRnls'raa.c.xtrnatutti, iSlor.) Jor ^**... + Xvponocti** dlftpnr, Ag ..,,,...,*..- + 4 Z>&mFct€» nottll, Ag ,„ + + ^\)£iitiwtio% □leLiD'opB, Cope ......<*..... + + ■+ — Zvijorn'claw alrUalua, J. &. IS.* .^.. , ^., ..*^„. -' ... ,.. ■- + + ... ZjFRoufclo* i;iittaiui, Ag ZyiiiiQfcieii }*icn>plTpli1oae, Xjfn *. . . + 4 4 2v(ii>tie<;t« botntfiB, ( kn f. Mor 1 inf. itfliUinrj Umi, (Kirt.) A^ . , „.,.*.. 3f plinim p^kuiieSt {DeK.ijI BAlrd ... , .. ^ + + — 1 "V"" .,. .,. JT. Amhl,Mtj)iifj| ftpalfcua, l^vKuy... ^««.. ... .., " •" ... + + + '■' Clioi«pHBU'r3K?8Hlr1,Pma , „ Emx reliculatuii, L*a . +■ •■' + - + ... + -.. + ... 1ft. Es-.PS (nivfurli, IIolbr.> ..,.,„,.,„„,,.... ... + + 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 + 4 4 4 - + E*i» (craMTw, Atf.^ , , , , , TS. Eons cjphOi Copo ,*-.»..,»..,,...>..,. Ennx Inciu. L .,.,,.„ ,., - .., — ... rnvDpslBgatbitiu, Ag ....^ + + + 4 + + + + + + 4 4 4 4 K. SilTeKnoifiJiUlnaJlii, mit) Gill & Jor,..,..., Corefionui arteJi niKo, Jor. -,..,- , 4 + ... + „ ,.. ... K. Hvofloti ler^^fSDv, L[^ S -i.^- . ,,, .... ; + + + 4 17. llyoi]oii acloQCipA, Jor. itSeau i... IhiruH-iiuA wpcMlianniu lu'ierurutD, (IlaDJw: .. PciuoS.biiB <-br>-fcM:lilnTlf*. Kaf Caiiit»uHtuina, artomalum, (Kaf.) Ag flvbo-'iialliiiH nrjTyri.ttfl dnl + + ;: -' + ... J. ... + + + + + 4 W. lIvlKicniitbiiB inicbfl,liii. Aff -,,,,;, .,,.»,» ' i rttin'|jha1rB pmHiuIaiH., Unt .....*. HvlKjrhvncbuH DotJ^tt)^ iTtpf-) A(C . - , -,- ... ..'....... ■■ — '■ -4- + + II \'l»>irLi>-iic htiA £ii})(?rci]LOHii|i. Cf pO- 1 ' Krh-yiiilm btn'catii, C(ijh> ..,.„...,,.... I'balfisi^nLH [:&ljictiiruii, tt^»T>f) J<*r <.-.-.' ,...,- riiutrr^^l'llid ADiiiimtabHti ((rriL> Jirr........ rbnim;i"iiA li'UffmiiM J. dc B ......... .^. + + + — ,::.::: ■f + + + + + N. 4. r + ... .. 4- 4 + ' Zsufone.tf* atrilatiiji. »p, diiv.— A uliort, thlck-fet upecii's, retat^'d to 7. m^taflop* Copo. Bfidy dM nod Hifiut, coiDpresseil, eKpt-cially postrriitrly, tlie depth aliout 4 tinien in the length to base of caadi Head moderate, 3| tiiiii'ti in letiuth. tnmlcraU-ly brii.id and Unttcned nbnve, the mootb of tbe ordUu: ftort. Durwil Ad well brtck, nioder;iti>ly bif^h, of aboat >i rayH; annt larf;or thnn the doraal, with miwi r.iyic vfulrnl Odh qiiitv nmall, uut rcnrliin^ quiti^ to tbe nnal : pectoral tins Rmftll: cand^l fin ronndc of ihrt usnnl form : Bcnlnii larKi^, in about 30 tratiavt>riH^ Hcricn. ('uloiiition dullulix-e; no striiics uor bars : BcalPH uliglitly dark-rdned: each Rldu vlth alargejet*blw blotL-h on the sldoa of the body Junt above nod nonicwbat in frout of the vent: doTMl and uial ft speckled. Nmiieroun specimens, 1) to 1} inches in length, nearly all females, distended with fpawii. In •!].€ hlick side-blotch is vory dUtlnct. They were taken by Meesn. Drayton ud Gilbert, tn tJMK«B Rirer, Dear Ooldaboro', with loa vUrta, Kotunu tUutkenu, Adiinu NiMofti*, ud other iiit««itli epecie*. DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES. 85 htkmriitg ike Vutrtbmiiott of the Species in the Different ^irer-fioM'nff— Continaed. *^ ^ i 'S 1 1 G + .a 4 li If < Z i .1 i 1 5 i 1 1 0 ■ti ■juMB. iGnwil Jar...... ...,-■ wiBHita, fTftftn) J-trr 4- + + ... ... ... Un nbrkmcraii, 4Coti«} Jar ... - + ,,. + - -- ifes lBfi|riiinU. J- ^ B , + - ... -- ... ... itax dkOliieiw (Oop«|i Jcir + ikKehwcgBHiw, Jot. „^ -...„,.... „„■ tin nopffffritttalna, Jor , , ............ .. --. -- '■ -" ... - . + ^ + + ... ... -. iUk lM<iiliniia (Cuuts^l Jot ... . ^ ... IP ipwtnDcnluA, (Cape) Jnr ....,.,.. -- -■ -=■ - ... ... . ■'" + + IllMUJl*. {Cope} Jar + + ... ... -- .... - *. + ». ff nlidiiiiiii. ilT, A H ... + ^ BOiJUtli (GnlJ Jot ._- .dine<B!u.(lUf.) Jot ,,, .I«belllU, i^K-} Jw - irnlmifmAa, (Cope) Jot .. >.. + j±. . NX. ... „. ... + + + + + + ST. 1 ■ictvpierj'C, HCcfniJtiT - T + liUcAtu*, (6i4.> Jot W» ■hlpitaiila, (Copc]i Jof + iMlIUv. Jar ..,.. 4 + + + ... + + + iWilraeftnni, fCrinrl .Tnr 1 pbo«o«vaU, (CofK^f Jot imAtatlBOs, (Cdpr) Jnr ........,..,»,. ■- -- + + .., + ■■ ..^. , + liTiH,Jar - ,,.,. ,_._.. + ... + ... -U Hdt^lmliu IRaf) Jor urnnT> J or V^i'irlioae'lma iCop*} Jar.. ftiiiMii^i t^ln t -litr k ... * TtlT^BfinK ■Jot ... ■■ ,. + + ■ OilvriMU. J, & B.... orralrB Jnr J. ... ... -- .... tricfaivtHtB. J<n^. AGLLben ■- ... ... ■'• ■■ .. - + 4. nUii-Iln JvT wligmaivwrn, J^rr + "■ + + 4 4- + 4- 4 klaudo^ Cnpp k KBbrloap^Coin..-. ... "■ ,.. ... " ... t- — HikTHUta^Cofw...,,. iPiateleradan^Cdpe.... ........... + -h + '- '- - -■ + + + + + + + IIWfE-<U.Coi» - mH^iiiiiii^ Jqr. fe OiUbBit ■CH^rEln.) Jut.....,,... ■i»*r.Coi». V j A. n .. 1. .+ ■■ - - + ». ■^^l* (fi * V,i Jm- . L + 4 ^«a*tTMbHi«a%(HlL)Jor i.: N. 86 CONTKIBUTION8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — III. Table showing tke Distribution of the Spicie$ in the Different fifivr-JSMiM— CoDtinoed. i i »5 1 1 £ + 1 1 1 i a 1 1 < + i 1 i i i 1 ^ ^ j 1 1 .,. l^liftnacciblna nrnuop^ Copa .................. Pheoiw-obina ■cofulfpraB, (Cope) Jor -. ... ..- -- ... + + + .„ + + + + + ,.. 4 + w. HhitrWhtbvH nnnntm, (Ayrw^ An + + - ... ... ■■ ... + K. ... .., + + ... ... — U^rutichtlivit iIlrtiimlllH, (Klrt.) Onl ..,,.,. 4- + 4 T f CeratLcblhja Biuliio'iiH, {JUif.) Qrd -i* -». + + CeraHflbtliysruLrtrroBt, Jor ,,,.„,— 4 + Ceralicb tbya fa jpaUiatiLA, Uupe . .. CerntitihlliyaW^ttiius<(Kirt.)Bnlrd., SemPtiliiAbTillATi*, |li>iif«> •^t)T , , + 4- 4- 1 + 4 + + + + + + + + + + + + JTW. Sai«otlJiiAn:ijrp<prall*> (Mit.) I'lit - ETQ£)vMnm tuaillltUii^i^ (Le^J Hold + -'- S%. goHMiliil«liilac«Tj, .7. 4; B...- *.. r ■" 1 + Piacitpliiirviii «jiri«itftift tjo'^o ....,,.,..,--.. 1 + + + Myiwit<>tna,vi>Iaiiim. (lUf.) Jgr , .., ■■ +1 + 1 + + .., JIvio*t('iaaciiniih, {Coui'j irnr ., 1, ; + - .. .„ ... -- ■" ■" '" ^yimtuion L])nljul»i[ji]Ti],l{:i>pfMor -■- ■- M\s<iHituniii (li^liiMiHr, !4'i>pL'') .Tor :± -HI-. M'v xoAioni-i crawiiliibri-, (CiP^io) Jot ...... . Myxi;«L n)itcr<»tfl])iillaLuiii. 4L«H.)JDt.L'l TiirH.. ^\!i4wtu[ua iiiiriftluni, (Lr fi ) .Ifir Myx«>tilninn riniBHrmti. ^Ruf.) J^>r Myx«*it'JtuttcUr><fiw, Jor ilyxiMittiijiJitwrviiiiiiii. (C(i|H') Jnv ilvmstuioii iijpillii*mn, (Cupi't J'>r .. . 1 + + + - ■' + + + + + + + + 4- + + + JL 4 + + -■ + + + + + + 4- .. . -1- w. KriiuyEOQ aiici-tt*, JI*ic.) Jor.. _.. .J .. -i- f .' 1... , - -r -i- f i 1 . 1 • 1 - = -1 - . - ■ 1 llyi>ru[ilin,TD*'tt*«'mnini, Jfl-r + +i .:4j Ctttofttonmn Iniipfriwirltt, LfS C^cte]^turif]imi;A'a»,(Lt!S.linur t'arpitMleailiir.irmirt, Cojin ^ * 'arpiwii>« cuTlHaDMirJnoi, Cfl;» ..,...,...„.,,.. CiiriiWili-rtvulifiT, fltir,t AJ,.., .-„..- LliiqijcHLcrtcirpiliunA, tLc S,} Ag ^...> + NB. lcI^lhJ■^^lKlllL^uballl^ (Itnf. J Ar Bubalkhthjii cyiiavllDa, (Nrfa.) Jot . , „ , ., .;; ■• - '• • ... • I ...1 + 1+ w. DISTBIBUTIOK OF SPECIES. 87 AUr aktwUg A« DMriftnifoii of the Speae$ in the Differcui £ir«r>Banif <— Continaed. 1 35 & 1 1 i i < ^ a + 1 1 + + S 4 + O Uita^orw fonatu. iC, it Y.) Qm .,. ... aw. UitelaRit wba*t tift, Jut UMhslapupaDelattU, {Eft/.] Jor ........... + + + + + 4- + T lwn»lbli|M,Ct>g a) Gill ........ ........ + ... + l^Bqi Vtreirentll*, Co<p« AalBwalgneaaii^fLaS.) GUI..... 4- + + + + + + 4 4 4 N. A^&L A^mniwiallft, (L« S.) GUI...... ....„, + + + + + i«toiH rtrnt {lO f^tn + + i#m]aatbDGtil>bjaoa» (Baf.) GlIL........... fmimf.^^f]^^ (Rsf ^J, A'C w. ttAitfrnA ibvioar^tijp, iBollrr.t Jar + iMuna platVcFpbalila, (Grrd.>GlLI ........ + 4 + Aam* broniwaiit Jor, .„..*._.-......, ...... + + + IMkiilb}« oliTwU, iBaDG.&J ., 4- + + + + 4 4 + )NlVwtf*vaK K«f ...... , - K. S«BHitid£nluL(Klbh.t G. & J ... . .. . 4 + + XE. teawrilH* Nrli nw. *•■■»■ WrttTUtllDt, JtlT. _ _ . , + + teoMofAtia^Jm ... ... ... ... ,.. ... ... ... + + : w. It ■ ■ - -1.— 1 Km'¥1,« ^ Jnr ..... + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 4 4 ^- 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 JHkraln. I# [nl^itrBa nwrn«, f T , I A r , . , , +■ + ... ... + + lifAdoitrni pltttjntnnmin Rnf \r. lAbikplfta[mlnla, cLac-J Jor. ^4irh^iichiiiMpUt)rfayncliiia,(BHf.}0LlU.. . . N^viAi^Ei fHi>Uiim, Aucl + + Iri^vBr TiilrirRniLii n, Im R kifvair ifi.'h'iilf^iift, f.A^ i»iMm[<i itu ii'M nil (Klrl:> . . ABbiLiFbn ujimr llbif !i iamenM^^hfrmln fGnl | ... TMBl 3S Ifl "« Ti 40 Ti ^ !fi la "fiJ liiiui 1 From the above table, it will be seen tbat the number of species iobabiting any one river-basiu rapidly increases as we leave the Atlaotic streams for those of the Gulf. The following table shows the tfrangement of the species from another point of view — omitting refer- ence to the range of the species outside of the thirteen rivers included iotbU table: . Kdowu only from th< Ofcio Speoies. 30 17 Known only from the — Tennessee Illinois... Speoies. 10 14 88 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ^HI. Known only from th( Santee . Altamaba .... Great Pedee . . Nease Chattahoochee Species. 10 7 6 7 4 Known only from tbi Sp James Cumberland Boanoake .. Savannah .. Common to — Ohio and Illinois - Cumberland and Tennessee Tennessee, Cumberland, Ohio, and Illinois Cumberland, Ohio, and Illinois . Alabama, Tennessee, Cumberland, Ohio, and Illinois. James and Nense Tennessee, Ohio, and Illinois Alabama and Tennessee Savannah and Tennessee Alabama, Tennessee, and Cumberland Great Pedee and Santee Cumberland and Ohio 8p Distribution of Genera, i 1 + + + + J + 1 1 1 ± 4 ^ 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 j 1 1 ■6 1 + 1 s l*to + Umnf^u .....„..,, + 4- "^ -■ '- ... ::: ... ■- + + + PotBlDCHWttBa ..,,.„..„. Tan rWra... ....„„„ + lYIglopil*...... AmmocTiTJla ..-.. PJo<imlepl« ..,, ... + + + + + + + + 4 + + 4 4 4 4 -1- It*' .., ._., Perclna .., ..,.„ + ... + + + '" .. ... + AlTorrHiM , _. , - + ., + + 4 + Er[w4mn,... ILlflrciirfjarufl ,^,. ___ IiBOBtoma , ^ + Rboocryiica ,,.. ... riooetilTa. „....,....„._ + + + Dllilfffilnm ., 4- " + ... ... _.. + *IOA (J. &. B.), gen. DOT.: type ItotHUMm wUntu Cope. Xhfa by the pnMii«e of two wal fs geniw Is dlirtlBgttlihvd from 1^ yMtor ■otiliww tif tht TTr*rnl i DISTRIBUTION OF 0£NERA. 89 DitMbutUm of O^^o— Ooatinaed. 1 + j i 4 % 1 1 'A 1 £ 1 + i I + + 1 1 V ... V — 1 + + + + + + + e g + + + J + q a 1 t J % „, « ^"*[" + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -I- + + ^ itaklhr*. + ^ + + ... + 'TJ'"" " + ^ + T + ^^ + i^ + + + + + — + + + + + + + + ^^ "^ ' + + + 4- h + + + + + + PMIUEIUIB + + + + + + h ... + + + + + + + + + + + + + + J "* + + + Zm + + -H + h + + + + Sm^"' + '"" + ■ Iprtn-putM ^* + + + + + + + + -f + — ... + + BP"^..' P^-- — + + ... + R*J*i' "■■■ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ... + + ... + ^EwLim + Hpi?r_!" — + '- ... + + ^Ci^ Hl"*. ^p- •• + + + + + + + + + + ^^P" "" + + + HC^l " + + ... -f + + + + W^Tr^ + H^nAitt ... + 1 lUhMu + U Uot^ + + + -*- + ... -*■ + + + + + + 1 ^MU - K blUrhlkii ... ' " ■ IlLZr-'"*""" + + + + + ... + ... + h ... + + + + ^ ■ |*lMtflUiM + + + + + + + + + + -f + + — ... + ... ,-- I '■•Wrw- .„ ■ TVpfcUa, .^_._,.,. „,... ' ' ' ■ •• * ' .,. ... '" ... ... ... '" + + + + .,. B*^* .]. '". \", '.'^. \". '1 + + + + /^J»U*«t]A 0»dMj, gen. HOT.: ( ■J^fa tantif ttur uppw )*w pro IPIII JtUc iiF'n oth dl 'I I ^(1 kDA P»V t an tin m Itir For 1 vc ry fff ebla. All DUB rom II in rtan m k * iH lUi for 90 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AHEBICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ^DI. Distribution of Genera— Continued, .1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 it I t i B 0 B 5 1 1 E 1 J. + + i a U 4- + + 4- + + 1 + + + + E + j 4- 1- CftmpwtoTBft ,„.-.,.......,.... — . + + + + — ... + + . + - T . ... I + ^' + ... PlnH^tilmJftS.-.* ^s.^,^^. ..*.... + + + + + + 4- + 4 4- + 4- 4- Hylwrhyaclins.,.,.-.^,,** ,.... LqxlIuii (propet) ..,,,. , FbutirgOQia .- ...... .**. ... + + + + + + + + + + + + + ... -- 4- 4- + + + + + + + 4- AlhtmiDtM .., , ,,.,..-. IlDlkADAtlia ^^ ..— m. ...>. «. + ... + ... + Ljr thru ran. ,....,.,».^^ ., ,, ., + 4- + + + CyprineJIa. . . . , „. Codom* *. + + ... + + 4- 4- 4- 4 4- 4 + 4- + + + 4- + + + + + 4- + + + + + EdLkuuv Fbt^QtbDOblUfl ..<..<............ + ... ... + + + + ^ 4 + + + + + + + 4 + + + + ■1- + 4 + 4 4 4 4 4 4 + 4 4 4 + + 4 4 4 4 4 Ht^mJlrRmfa . ... ,.....,,. ...» + + ... + + + + + + + + . + ... ... ... GtarodOQiiLft , + + + + + Glln ............... + + + + + + + 4- + + + + + + : ... + ... 4- 4- + 4- + 4- + + 4- + 4- 4- + + : lthiiiich1hr«...,,, ,. CenidcliChja ^ + + + + 4- + Sflnulilu* .*..,.*......., Ericymb^i ,.... ..._. t^iiopsilabla „ ... ... '^ ... ... '1- + 4- 4- 4- + + 4 + + + 4- -t- + + + + ^ + + + + + + iliuj'ttum* ...... ^ £!irimy2Dn .**, »., + + + + + + + + ■+ + + + + PlLtllH^liftlllf C rcli>[i'tua >.. ...m. + .i- CarjiiodeB. ...,,,,.,. + ... '" + f + 4 + 4 + + ■1- + 4 + + + + + IchlhyabM Bubalicblb^... .....* 4- + + 4- 4 + 4- 4- + 4 4 + + + + ItfhrbiL'lu ro*. ,.,.., + + + + + ■;■ + + + 4- + 4- Pi-loiLJchthfft . Vu mw»... ,...,... .- Atiiniilln^.. , + + + + J. + + + + + + + + + 4 4- + 4- ■f- + + + + 1 Lf|iit|DHtvai..><.^. l.lUitilet>ii Pulj^irti..-. + 1 ■ '■[-■■ 1 -*- ... ... ,., ... 4- + 4- EiciLpblrbfnsbopA AmtdwiDtM .*4. i, <^>............. if , J .. ... ... .„ 40 ... ... Toiftl. 3S|32 3S 19 dd 10 nn Id 10 " 5Q SO «) «3 • CONCLUSIONS. 91 OONOLITSIONS.* ifllhe coure<» of the iuvestigutiuns d(!t:iile(l in thin paper, Houie light thrown on the laws which govern the ilistribntion of fresh- t^fiHhwi in jfeiienil. The writer haHcolhit«(l the known facts into a |Merieji of ^netal propositions, which, without any pretence to exhaust' i^wir** or to originiility, are here hrielly st^ite*!. It may be preu»i»sed l^some of these propositions (ire only half truths, to be wore coui- plrt«ly Mated when our knowledge of the 8nl>ject shiill be increuHed. »f th« 8tateinenC8 also refer chietly to the smaller iiud non-inigrutory especially the EUwostomatida;, Ccntrarchititr^ and Cf/prinidtc. Our [iMvlodgo of tbo niDge of the larger CaUmtomUhc and SiiuriiUv is Ktill meagre. Fur the flmt M'atenient of several of the following pioi>o8itioni*, ue are »WilhI (o Prole.Hssor Cope, who has ;ibly diwiussed the Hubject of llio JkrihatioD of tlAbes in his paper on the Fishes of the Alleghany Uigioii •f SoatUwi-tft Virginia, Jonrn. Acad. Nat. So. Phila. 18G^, pp. L'39-2-17. I. lo the ca-se of rivers rtowiner into the ocian, the character of the of the upper waters, compared one with another, bears no, or wy liule, relation with the places of discharge. In illustration of this may note (a) the similarity of the faunro of the Chattahoochee and Mha, a» compared with the Chattahoochee and Alabama. The uf Wiwionsin ICiver and of Ued Uiver i»f the North are very similar. n. Rivrr-baxlns having a similar discharge into some larger river or kftve a similarity of fauna, due to this fact, and, in general, other i^be^ug eriual, the nearer together the places of discbarg*', it' in 9mtfTf the greater the similarity. The almost identical faunie of CatAvba and the Saluda will illustrate this. IlL Parallel rivers tributary to the same stream have, other things Mng n^ual, more fn common than streams coming from opposite tlirec- Imi4. The Wutuisb and iMIarui have more in common than either has Ith the Krntncky. IV. Tbt* bigfarr or the older the water-shed between two streams, the spedea are common to both. (This matter needs lurther iuvestl- 10.) V. Certain sp4-oie», not including "species of general distribution'^, 00 oppositt^ sides of even the highest waterKhtHls. This fact was ■ ed by Professor Co I M». The occ!urrouce of Luxilu« lutccotfenh partnf thiBpfiper iippearetUn tbu.'Uucric.iti Nntuniliat For tUiH |>.'ir(, Prutinuiur Jurdau Itt uluiie n>8puii!iiblo. 92 CONTHIBUTIONS TO NOHTU AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGT III. Uijdmphlox rubricrocens^ PhoiotjetiiH galacturxtH^ and CatotftoinuH nitjtica both ill tbeTeuuessee aud SuvantiuU, will illuHtrate tbis. Neitberof tH two lirst-named species are as yet known froui any other river ba«tns. VI. Wben the watersbed between two streams is a Hwainpy tiplau instead of a mountaiurango, the same sjiecies may bo found in tbe bea waters of both, although the 8j}ecie8 inhabiting the lower courHes may difterent. In case the one stream tlows northward and the other sonl ward, the common fauna will bo nearest like that of the northern etrea Tu Northern Indiana, the same species are found in tbe waters of Sai Josepb''8, Manmce, Wabash, and Illinois Rivers, although these str discharge their waters in widely different directions. The swampy wa shed between them is often overflowed iu tbe spring, affordiug \jq smaller fishes au easy means of migration. yil. In any riverbasiu, many of the species inhabiting small str< are different from those occurring in tbe river-channels. Among t brook species may be mentioned Eucalia incomiaus^ I'cteilichthjfn spto(< bilU^ JiCHOtis lythrochloris^ Xenisma HteUifcrum^ Salrclinus fontinal Erivymhn htteoata^ SemoUlua corporalia^ Chrosomua crythtogasttTy species qX Ilkimrhthyti^ etc. Of channel 8\)ec\e8f Jlaphifii>notv«^ HyofUm^ Dorosoma^ Poinolobus, Roccvn chryttaps^ all tbe '^Buflalo-flsbes", and tb larger (St'fMnWfc, Ichtha'hims punctattigj PvlodlvklhyH olitarU^ Amiur uigricansy and the like, will serve as examples. VIII. Many species inhabiting tbe upper course of a stream arc difTer^ ent from those of tbe lower. This subject has l)een ably discussed by I'rofesser Oojk?, but further investigations, especially of the rivers of the Southern States, are very desirable. IX. This difference betwet^n the upper fauna and the lower is due difference's in tbe character of (he river itself, such lis climate, eonditi of water, character of river-bed, supply of food, etc. X. Ilence, if in the same river basin there are two streams tlowing into a larger stream, the one near its source, tbe other near its moutl if the two streams are similar in all known physical respects, The' faunie will bo simil.tr, and if dissimilar, they will huve diQ'erent fuun Tbe general identity of tbe faunee of Elk River and PowelPs Hi may be noticed iu this coniieutiou. XI. S»)me 8i>e*nes of (Ishes are contiutMl strictly to a single riverbasi while other species, with apparently no better mejins of diOusiou or defense, are widely distributed, inhabiting many rivers. In illast-nitl of this, the limited ruugo of each of tbe species of Corloma way be oo 1 jr- he I 1 CONCLUSIONS. d'6 4« viilb lfa«i rangit of LtuiluM ci>mutna. Id tlie genns Ceraiichthyit, C flfM probably occurs in every Htreaui fr iin the SuHqaebADoa to tbe (IimK 3.k1t Liiko, while four otlu«r K[)ticii's of th<A Haino genus, C. micro- , C m(ma4ihu^^ C, zHitanuiiy and C labroam, are each, so fnr aa ia wn, oonBnetl to n Hingte river-bnrtiu. XIL In any river-baRiu, the most abundant species (of suiall Hfthes) UiMlly (a) thoiiif^ peculiar to it, or {b) those of the w idest distribution. Hhtstrution of this, we tuny notice the abundauco of Codvma ptjrrho- Hiftd yoiropia photogeniit in the Sauti'e; of Codoma fttigmatura uud M eomutuJi in the Alabiitna ; of Codoma eurystoma aud Ceratichthyii Haimt in the Cliattahoorhcej of Codoma jrirnura and Kotemigonus mua in the Ocmulgee. To thi» rale, however, there are many ttioUA and modifications. XJU. In general, tbo further south any river-basin lies, the more art peculiar to it, and the greater the differences betwt*eu its and that of the neighboring streams. In illustration of this, the (ittmoces existing between the faunie of the Alabama and Chatta- Wodiee may be oompured with those between the fauuto of the Susque- huua and Delaware-. Twelve genera are known to be common to the Itetaltooobee aud Alabama, and twenty-three to the SuHquehaunaand 0»Uvart>. Id the Southern streams, the process of evolution of specific fhKa miemB to have gone on more rapidly. This matter, however, further investigation. . Rpeciej^ of the widest distribution often have breaks in their aogie which cannot be accounted for by any facta now in our possea- tM. XjusHum comnttu^ so abuudant in all the waters of the North and VTfrM. doen not occur, so far as is known, in any of the rivers between AftKensA and the Alabama, in both of which streams it is ubundauL TtrioQfl ajtecies range over several river basins and then cease abruptly. isMmu brunneuit is abundant from the Sautee to theOhattahoocheo, iu hiitvr river the most abuudant f«x>d-lish, while iu the very next river- in, the Alabauiu, it is unknown. XV. Many species of wide distribution which are absent in certain tNMBa are tbera represented by certain other related B|>ecies, which ■>y be nrgardeit aa modlHed desceudantp. Thus, in the Bonth Atlan- iKstreaius, ClutMobryUuti guhsm m represented by Cfuvtiohryttug piri'rf/*, ma ehryitoleHCUH by Kotemiyonttn aitirriranuH. In the South- Eitpttttuttiti attrewt is representttd by Eupomotin pallidus ; iu the Wtit, .Vp/wriM gyrinuH by Xoturwi «fa'i«, Noiuruu inHignU by Noturua ^4 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AilERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY III. exilisy yoturun eleuthervg by Noturtis miurus^ Melanura pygmcca by Mt lannra lim%, XVI. Othor species under similar circnmstances have no snch repi seutativej*. TIki casu of Lvxilva cornntns will agaiii illuHtrutf. XVII. Certain species have been known to extend their geo^apbical range Hince the otieiiin^ of the cuiiala. Such are more eH|>eciaIly thi mifjrratory Kpe^iea of probably marine origin, as Doronoma hrterun Pomohibws chrysochlori^j and Anguilla mtlgarin. These species nn* n< abundant in Lake Michigan and Lake Krie. although formerly unknot there. The i*ange of certain Percidir and Ccntrarchititt baa undoubtedlj been exteuded by the same tueaus. Will. The ctiunicteristically American forms of fishes are, geueralli spcakin;^, rare or absent iu the waters of New Kngland and of ihi I*aci(1c slope. This fact has heeu well stuted by Trofessor At^assiz, \rh< culled Nesv Eaglaud "a zoological inland ^. About 105 geuera of fresh-water fishea occur iu the waters of tU4 United States cast of the Mississippi Itiver. iM' these, about 7G do m occur in New England (exclusive of Lake Ghampluiu, the fauna which is neurly i<Ientical with that of Lake Ontario.) Of these .'iO oi lewer genera oceurrint; in New England, all but *S'«/rc/tHH*, Comjom Ehox^ Semotiiun^ HhinulUhyH, and possibly Amiurua^ nre rcpre>cuti*d b] a single species each. From 30 to 35 genera ocour in the waters pf tb4 Pacitic slope. XIX. The larger the river-baain, the greater its rnriety of forms, botl ;;enera and species. In the little White Itiver at IndiunaiKTlis, belouginj to the Mississippi basin, 70 species, represeutiuf; -18 genera, arc kno^ to occur — twice as many aa inhabit all the rivet's of New England. XX. Other things being equal, a river whoso course liea in a regi< of undisturbed stratifie*! rocks or of glacial drift rx)ntaina moat genei aud species. XXI. Conversely, rivers iu regions of igneous or metamorphic rock mtaiu fewest species. XXII. Hource^ of streams on opposite sides of ahigb watershed oi have species in common which do not occur in tlie lower conrses of tiht ime rivers. The distribution of several mountain species, as Saivttu fnnUnaliM and Hydrophlox mhricroccu*^ will exemplify this. XXIII. Certain species have a compact geographicud range, occuninj in all the rivers within this range, without ai>parcnt regard to the dii tton of their tiow. Snch are Lcpiapomun oimcums iu the Alabama^ CONCLUSIONS. 96 and OnmberlauO, and AWumopg mxcrontomus ia tbe Jameis, Boa- i*r, Rmrnclcy, Oumborland, and Cliach. XXIV. Certain 8|HM*if» have a wide east and west range, without 'ui rt^gard to tbe conrses of the rivers, but are bounded on either Dortb or the south by parallels of latitude. SmMtia incoHJttang occurs from Western Now York to Kansas and twmrd, but it is never found soutbwanl of a liuo passiuf; about fifty MWfb of Lake Krie. /Vtco/j«m (fitttatm hiis a lilie range, but its tbfm btmndary i« in tbe i'otomac and Oliio. Lota UicuHtria Is sioii- ly drcamflcribcd, but ranges farther to tbe east. Tlie three species xruruM have eaoh a l>elt of latitude: L. cjjatiocepfialne belonging Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi ; L. tJipUnnivs to tbe Ohio the rotomac; L. ardens to the Hoanoke, James, and CumberlantL three Hpecies of Hi/odon are stiiiilarly arranged. XXV. Ortuin s|>ec*ies have a peuuliiir northern and eastern range, log iu the waters of tbe UpjHir MissisHippi, in tbe headwaters of niiuois, Wabasb, and Sci(»to, thenee ibrougb tbe Great Lakes to Kugtand, tbenee to Sonth Carolina on tbe eastern slope of tbe tii^. Sneh species are Eupomotis aurctts, Perea americana, and XXVL Certain species have a peculiar uortbevu and western ninge, iKmrtittti Id the Middle States and in the Great Lakes, and usually ««thw-»rd ill the east to some point in Virginia or Xorth Carolina, i|r in tbf" same latitude on both sides of tbe AUegbauies, but ex- Ig Bouthwestward through tlio Mississippi Valley to the Gulf of Aiuong these may l>e mi^ntioned LnxUus cornutus, NotemifjonKJt teueH$f Amhhpllten ntpeitrint Apomoti^ cyuneUm. The Inst-nnmcd lift, however, scarcely ranges e^ist of tlie Allegbanies. XXVIL Certain species have a wide range north and south, either fwt IK- «eHt of tbe Allegbanies, but do not cross that chain. Of ttiese he mentioned Lcpiopomus auritua, Enneacantkus oheMns^ Eaoje reUcxi- •- 11 ihr e*i»t, and JIapioidonoius gi'unmenny Ift/odon Urgisiia, ' i«r, }i'vturn8 «ta/i«, etc., on tbe west. XXVIU- Tbe distribution of fresh-water fishes is dependent (a) on 'WslH- communication ; {b) on charaoter of stream, i. c, of water — .is ' rth, raptJity, vegetable growth, etc. ; (c) on the character of I i (rf) on climate, as determined by latitude and by elevation »fe (he Jim; and («) fluAlly on various nnkncwu factors arising fiom Mnn» or p«st hist<»ry of the species in question, and IVora the geo- d hUtory of tbe rivers. A SYNOPSIS OF TOE FAMILY CATOSTOMIDiE. Bt David 8. Jordam. Class PISCES. Subclass TELEOSl^EI Order TELEOCEPHALL Suborder EVENTOGNATHI. Family CATOSTOMIDiE. OaA Proa Aaid. Nat Sc. Pliila. v. 13, p. 8, 1861. Ooin, Proc. Am. Ajbsoo. Adr. Soi. t. 20. p. 333, ltJ7S. JoaOAX, Man. Vert E. 17. S. p. 392, 1876. l£AnXK6Qt7B, Risso, CuviKR, Bonapautb, Gibard, Busekeb. kSU llKCKKI., A0A5S1Z, Bleekkr, GL^'THBK. TVdinily of Cato9ttnnifl(€f or the "Snckera", may bo briefly defiued i^SeentOffnatkmtH ^RhtB, having the phnryugeal le^th peoti- ii ft siogle row, closely approximated, very iiumerousf and at right itngleH to the direction of the bone, aad the iutermnx* iftruitig bat n emitll part of the upper arch of the mouth, the entering into it largely on each side.* ■tag Utm elaburalK diaj^onm is given by ProAaftsor GUI (Jolinoon'n Uoi- ToLlvjp. l&;4) : — "The Imdj- varies botwecuau elongfttvdnubcyUu- M oblDDit mora or IfiM oomprewcd contoor; tbe KalcMureof medium nr •1 ; til* lal«rKl lino is geoerftlly prM«at aod decarved, bnt wnue- So. 13—7 97 98 CONTRIBUnOSS TO NOBTH AMERICAS ICHTHYOLOGT — lit. Early writers ou fishes, as well as most foreigo ichtbyolo^sta, ba^ coDudercil tbe Socker» as forniiug a mere tribe or subfamily of tl CyprinidtTf wbich group buB been rariouHly denominated Caioat CatcsiomiHa^ and Cat/miominw^ but tbe characters above uoted, of teet 'mad mouth, f»eem to tbe writer to fully justify their separation as a di| tinct family. Tbe dorsal fin iu Cato$t<fmid<t is more developed than asual iu American C^-prtniiUty although various Old World genera shot similar characters. Tbe development of tbe lips and tbe great proti tility of tbe mouth are features usually diaguostic, but in the geot QuoAttifabia the mouth is scarcely protractile^ and among our fa cortaiu species of Pkenacobius nnd Ceratich(hyn have thicker li| than have some of the Catojttomidas. The Catogtomida fall at once into three well-marked subfamilies, indicated by Professor Gill, and termed by bim Catostamiiue, Cycleptim and ByhalichthyimB. These may be characterized as follows: — Catofttomina'. — Body obloug or elongate, sabterete or more or U compressed : dorsal fin nearly median^ short and subqnadrate, wil from nine to eighteen developed rays: ventral fins under the dorsal, Dine or ten rays: anal fin high and short, normally of seven rays, 0( tbe base of the caudal thnn that of tbe ventral fins : lips well develo] usually papillose or plicate: gill-rakers little developed. Genera labia. Placopharynx^ MyxoHtoma^ Erimyzfmj Minytrema, Chaimi Catoxtomua, Pantoateug. Cyc!eptin(v. — Body elongate, slender: dorsal fin falciform, of about rays, beginning over the interval between the pectoral and ventral and extending as far back as the beginning of tbe nnal On : ventral fit 10 rayed; anal fin small, of about 7 rays: bead extremely small: moderate, with tbe exposed surfaces broad : fontanelle entirely obliter^ txtnvM nl»«eut ; tho head in diversiform ; tbe opercular bone« noniially developMl ; nofltrils double ; tbe mouth more or Ins loferior, and provided irith flenh;* atid gei idly pftpilloae or crenated lipt ; tbe npper Jaw In forcned on iht middle l>y tti«i Knd l»mellifomi intormBxillaHoM, nnd nn tbv ftides by the NapratDaxillaried: tetttiii wantinf( in tbe Jawi ; tbe pharyufceal bones are developed in a falciform nuiDDtt.l provided with ■ row of namerotu comb-like teetb ; tbo branchial ap«rtaroB mn ■tricted to the aides ; branchioatof^al rays three on each side ; dorsal variable in doi oprocnt; anal posterior, and generally abort and high; caudal large, and more or emargiuated ; pectoral fins low down, bat lateral and with their rays brancbad ; tral tins abdominal ; tbe intestinal canul in ver>' long ; tho slomaob simplo and tut« of pyloho WDC% ; tbe air-bladder is largo, nuprtrtected by an oaMOOt i Prided by transvorM oonstriotioiu into two or thre« regtons.'* CAT08T0MID-«: 99 by tbc nnion of the parietal bonee: month inferior, with thick Ipi^dlote Up« : j^nll-rakera moderate, Boft Genaa Cj/dejHus, lieA/Ayimr. — Body stoat, oblong-oval, and compressed. Dorsal tte, bej^iDDing more or leas in front of the ventral fins, und ex- at leant aa far as the commencement of the anal, its rays 20 to fn oomber, the atiterior ones more or less elongate : ventral ray:* \)y 10 : anal rays 8 to 13 : Vead stoat and heavy : month moderate small, with thin lips: fontanello open: gill-rakers of anterior arch nder, and stiff above, {^rowing smaller downwards. Genera r, BvlmlichthifSt Ichihyvbxut, Myxocyprinu9. A* the rhfef purpose of this paper is to ascertain and make known proper nomenclatare of the valid genera and species of Catosiomifiaiy Iikall omit further discussion of family and snbfamily charncterB, and at onco to a catalogue of described species, arranged in cbrono- ofder, with the date and my identification of each species opp«>- \X» name. As is the case in nearly every gronp of American fishes, nnmber of nominal species is aboat three times the number realty ig. IC will be QOticcd that the number of species which 1 have Icted i« in most of the Catostomoid genera fewer than has been by previons writers. This seems to me to result not from any theories aa to what constitutes a species, but from the fact that I bare bad a greater range of specimens of most forms than any previous writer \xn% bad. I am confldent that in the presence of a still greater aHOQDt of roatcrinl, the characters of several other species will be found la velt away. To indicate which these species are, in default of such aK&eriail, woald, however, be an unprofitable task. In this group, as in ijr others, the truth well stated by Dr. Cones* becomes apparent: — ^Wecaa only predicate and define species at all from the mere ctr- »ce of misting Unkg^ * Species * are the twigs of a tree separated the parent ateaa. We name and arrange them arbitrarily, in de- of a means of reconstructing the whole tree according to Nature's Birds of the North vent, p. 337. 100 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGT- LUt of Jif^otninal Species of Catostoniidte^ tcUk Idcntijicatioi I^onuoftl speciett. CypriDos catostomus Forsler *'i> q/prin comtnerBonien '** Lrbc6p£Mle. . . Cypriuus sucettA Lacdpwle Cyprinns rostratns Tileslus Cyprinns teres Mitchill Cypriniu oblongUdMitchiU Catostoiuos cyprinua LeSueor ^.. C^toetomiin gibboAtiH LASoenr Cato8toRiiia taberculntOH Le Snenr. Ciitoatomnfl tuacrolepidottiK Le 8near.. CfttnAtoionti unreoluH Lo Suenr CfttUHtoinna comcanuia Le Saeur CntoBtoDiiu loDj^lrofltrUDi Le Baeur Cfttostonins Digrioans Le tiaeur Catofttonna uiacaloBUs Le Snour Catoatomna eloDsatna Lo Snear CatostomnsTittatntiLo Sueur CatoBtomuB duqaesnii Lo 8neur CatoBtomoa bofitoDieneifl LoSaear..... Catostomna budfionius Le Suetu' .. Catofltomus babalos Raduesqae Catoetotuus crytbruraa KaGne«que..... Exogloaiinm mncropU'mtu Katiucaque.. AmblodoD Diger RallneDqiic Cycloptuu nigrcsceun Ratlnesque...... . Rntilus melonurus Rofiiiewiiie CatostomnB auiatirun Rafluvaqiie Catostomiis auiKopteniH RafuieAqao Cutodtomna oarpio Rafineaqne Catuetomna vrlifer Rafloesqae CfttosComuH xantbopnh Ratineaqne.... . Catoatomua Rielanops RaGncaque...... Catoatomns faactolorU Rafiueaqae Catoatomoa flexuoaae Raflnesqae Catoatoinufl tnegastomuH RatlDef>qDe.. . Catoatoiiiua furttterianua UiL'htvr^UuD. .. . Catoatomaa Icauumii Ricliardaon...... 1773 I80:{ 1803 im3 1814 1814 lBt7 1817 1817 1817 1817 1817 1817 1^17 1817 1817 1817 1817 1817 1817 1818 1813 I8I8 1819 1819 1830 18^ 1830 18S0 iftio 1830 1820 1»20 1820 \fm 1823 1883 Catotttomuh loDgiroatria. CntostotuD5 toreo, Erimyzou ancetta. (Catoatomua) imtratiu. Catoatomua teitm. Erimyxon aacetta. Carpiodoa oypriuaa. Eriuiyzou aucctta. Erimyzon anoetta. Myxoatoua niacrolepldatmn. Myxofltoma aunwlum. CatoatomaH terea. Catoatomaa louglnwtxia. Catostomos aigncsua. Catoatomaa Qigrioaca. Cycleptna elongatoa. ErimyKon bucetta. Slyzoatoma tuaorolopidotnm duqi Catootomas tons. CatostOBiDs longiroatrU. Ichtbyobna bubalua. ] Myzoatomaniacrolepidotnm doqcu Catoatomas nigrioaua. Babaltcbtbys ap. f Cycleptua c1oiigatu4. Myxoatoiua mocrolopidotum duq Myxoatoma aoiaora. Carpiodca ap. CaqiicMlee carpio. CitriitodM velifer. CatufttumuH uigricaiia. ' Miiiytrema mcilaoopa. EriuiyKou auoetta. CatoAtoniua icrea, .1 mplh. Catutttomua iungiroalriak Mysofttouia aartwlam. 'Ibid a]>eclcfl ia qni>t4>d by IH. UUiitber aa *' Cifprinun commenonnii Lac^tSpAili Uitvf bcvu unablo to c&uiinuu Lac^pi-tlc'a uriglual noik, but in tliu ivpriatu ol u, pOM*d In bo llt-ernl, I find only the l^eiich fonn, " ho Cyprln CuuiuorM>uioD Lac<^pi>dct really boatowcd a Lntinfzod specific tioniD on tbr fi|iecti», ** eommmoniantit" abould not claim priority over tcra of UitcbiU. LIST OF NOMINAL SPECIES. 101 \l Sprf*ifs of Cniostomi<lw^ with Idenlijicaiions — Continued. Xoodnal ^ecdcs. (Catostomtu) sacairii Rich (Catovtomna) retiCDlaloaRich. m gCMdlu Kirtland D«K»y D^Ray ooftlda DftRay QB pall id OB DoRay Inngafgw DaKay fiuoUttuLo Sueor.MSS.... plMiIocrpfl Voleuci^noea earpio ValuacicaDM tilMii ValenciennM oxpdnella Valeocipnnca. faffSCirisoav Acanmz Mtron Agaasi/ latipitmiB Boird & GirurU.. b* taum Ajpanix iritolm Aganix » VAooa Aipuiix ■ GOD^oitiu Ijatrd & Girartl.. ■ elarki Daird & Gimrd • Iwigab Bainl Jr. Girard.. ■ plebriaa Bainl At Oirard... tamidna Baird & Girud MCMcidmtaliM Axrw ■ BMidiii AcaAfiix » MoUeyi Agaani / AgMiri* AgMftiit Isbf* ttlgV AjCMRlt Arthy* tebalM A<ftMtc a bonaMsa AgMMix M •ediltiiUll* AgaMu MkMataa Ajrts damalU Glntfd |MgMl|nfti OUard ^^^^^ly^OlTard EterirV I W"^ "" utl.... . \ '"> v^cBiH faMi>d«i«i Gimrd Date. 1836 1836 183d 184:2 1842 l"t42 184$ 18.J2 ld44 1M4 1644 1844 1844 1850 1850 law 1H64 lt%4 1854 1654 1854 1854 lRi4 1854 1864 1834 1854 IH55 1855 1855 1855 1855 1655 1855 1S55 1855 lfll56 1856 1856 \im 1K><» 1H50 1896 Idmtifloation. Myxoetoma anreolam t CatoHtomtis torvH. Catofitomttfi teres. Erimjrsun aaoetta. ErimyKon ancetta. MyxoHtoma macrolepidotum. Catotdomaa teroa. Erimyzoti aacetta. MinytrAtiin melnuopa. Catostomua iiif^icaaa. Myxoatouia corpio. (Catoatouina} rostratoa. lobtbyolfaa bubalna. Catoatomos teres. CatoatomuB loDgiroetriB. Cutostomiis l»tipinnis, Rubalicbtbyu iirua. Uabalicblbys sp. Canuodea bison. Bubalicbtbya ap. Carpiodea oypriuus. Mj'xoiitoum coDgeatam. Catostoinns clarki. Catoatoiuiia inaignts Pantoateiis plebeins, Can"<><l^ cyprinoa. CatoatotooH occidentalia. IcbtliyobuH bnbaloa. Icbtbyobna bubalna. Erintyzon oblongna. CorpbxleH thompaoni. Bnbnlicbthya nriis. IlDbalirbtbya babolua. Bnbalicbthya nroa. Catoatniinia occidentalia. CatoetomuB labintna. Carpioilea cyprinua. Eri[Dy/.ou aucctla. Erimyzoo sticctta. Miuytreniu melaaopa. Eriniyzou aiioetta. Myx'iatoma albldum. MiDytroma melanopa. ^TlOz CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLO07V ^m List of Nomhml tipeciea of Vatostomida^ with IdentiJioatioHa — <■ ^M Nomiaal spocieB. Date. 1 Ideutiacatioo. ^H Cutoatoiuau (Acoiuuh) guziuaDetKuaGir. ^H CntoeUimuH(AooiuU!iJgoueroei)bGirard. ^H CatOBtomufl (Acoiiidh) grUouit Girord.. . ^H CatoatomoB (AcomiiaJ lactorias Giroxd. ^H Catoatomim mocrncheilus Giranl ^H CatoatomoB Backlii Girard. . ...... 1856 1656 1836 laV) I6ri6 1856 1856 1860 1860 1864 1868 1868 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1H70 1870 1870 1870 1873 1873 1872 1872 1874 1874 1874 1876 1S7C 1876 1876 1877 1877! Catoatomos latipiooia. PautoHtcua gvueroatxa. Catuatomua loogiruetria. Catoatomua longiroBtria. Catoatomaa macroohilna. Catoetoinna terea. CatoBtomoa oooidentalia. CatoBtomoa teres. CaLofltoDiue teres. Myxo<;yprtQDfi aaiaticos. Myxoatoma cerviaam. Dabalicbtbya meridionalia. Placopbarynx oannatua. MyxoBtoma pApiUoaum. Myxoatoma velatom. Myxoatonin velatum. MyxoBtoma x^dieaae. MyxoBtotna corvguuaa. Myxoatoma albam. Myxoetoma thaloiisiDum. Myxoatoma macrolopidoiaicr Myx. tnacrolcpidotam UoUry Myxosiotua crottailabro. MyxoBtoma unisura. Myxoetoma conna. Car|>tDdea difformui. CarpiodeB catiaauHoriDaa, CarpiodeB catiaanaerinne. Carpiodes oyprioas. Carpiodes carpio. Catoatomaa diaeobolna. PaDtoeteDB(plebeiaBf). PantoaCc'OB (plobeiaaT). Myxoetoma cou(;estum. PaDtoateaaplatyrUyacboa. Pantoeteus generoBua. CatoAtoiniiB toroa. Dubaliobtljya babalua. raiitotttcuB vircaceua. Cbaamiattftt fecuodaa. ^^fl Catoatomaa tvrva. ^^^| Icbtbyoliiin tiobiiUie. V BubalicbtluH ImliAlita, ^^H ^H CntOHtomiifi bemnrtliQi Girard . .... ^^H CAtoHtoraiin texanua Abbott ...... ^H CatoBtomna cbloropteron Abbott ^^H Carpio<lea aniatictiii nitifker . ..... .. ^^^ TeretuluB cerviutia Cope...... ......... ^^^^i SolerognatbuM uieiidionalia GUntber ... ^M Ptyoboatomaa pappillofina Cope ^H Ptycbostoniiu Yelatoa Cope. .•••.■••«•. ^H Ptyc bottom UB colla]>8iiii Cope..*. ..*... ^H Ptycbostomua pidietuia Cope.......... ^^H PtToboatoinuB oorciroiiDa Com........ ^H PtycbostomuB albuB Cope...... .... .... ^B Ftycboatomaa tbalasaiDOs Cope ^H PtyobostoiDDB robustus Coin ...... .... ^M Ptjobostomaa lacbrymaliB Cope ^m Ptyoboatomiu orawilabrie Cope ^H PtycboBtoiDUs brovicepB Cope .... ..... ^^1 PtTchoatoiutiB couaa Cooe. ...... ...... ^^H CariiLodea difibrniin Coo6. ..>.... ...■•. ^^1 Carpiodcfl crayi Cope .... ...... •■•••.• ^H CarpiodeB naniiuif«r Copo ...••• •••..■- ^H CatoBlomua difti^obolua Cope........... ^H BlinoniDa dolpbiuua Cope.... ...... .... ^H MinoDiua bard ua Cope.... ............. ^H Ptycboetomua bncco Cope.... ...... ... ^H Minumna plfttyrbyQchaa Cope .... ..... ^H Miuouus jarrovli Cope........ ........ ^^1 CstostoiDOB ulticulua Coue. ..... ...... . ^H Icbtbyobns cyautiUuaNolbon ^H CatoHtoinna fectindiiui Cope 4c Tarrow. ^m IcbLbyobiib laobyrua Nelaon ^ft DubiiUcbtbya altuaNeUon ANALT8IS OF GENERA. 103 \tf Xominat 8p0eie$ <^ Caiostomidw^ tcith Ident{/icationa — CoDtinued. speowa. 0AtO. Miry opa Jordan [ 1877 lyabohalianaJortlaa.. ..,,.. 1877 p<L*cUara JonlaQ Uoom Jonliui Sl Brnyton.. goodai Jonlaa tMDM atvopas Jordan mroplnnU Jordan Myxo«toma earyops. BubaJichtbys babala». Myxontonia pn«iliira. QaoBailabia lao^ra. Erimjzon goodei. Catofttomnti arroopna. Catostomas ntropluDia. ANiXYSIS or OKMXRA OF CATOSTOMID.B. te abcNl^ mibciaadrato, %vitb ton to eighteen developed rays: body obloog oc •lonsate: giU-rak«ra fovble. (Cato^tomince.) \lh alngulor, the upper lip not protruatile, greatly cnloi^ed, tho lower lip developod aa two separate lobea : operculum very nbort: air-bladder in three porta: ecolea large: fontanuUe well developed: lateral lino preoent: pbaryogeal bonee and teeth ordinary QDAasii.afiiA| 1. nomukl, the lower lip entire or merely lobed, either tubercular or plicate. in tbree parte: lateral line oontiunoae: fantanelle present : »calee Urge, ftabeqool. igeol boDea rery strong, with the lower teeth macb enlarged, aaboy- lindrical and tmnoalc, the teeth of the apper pari of the bone small sod eompreMed : month large, eomewhal obliqne, with very thick lipe PiacornARYMX, 2. rhat^Dgeal bonee moderate, the teetb compressed, gradually larger down- wazde: mouth moderate or small, the Hiw usually plicate. Myxostoma, 3. i^ lir^iladdar in two porta. iL La(«ral line intermpted or wanting : acalee large (40 to CO in the conrae of the lateral lioo) : lipa plicate. *. Lateral line incumpletf, obsolete in tlie young, becoming developed iu the adall>bat always more or less interrupted: month Rmall, inferior. MlNVTHFJAJt, 4. ,m, tAttnl line entirely wanting: moulb somewhat oblique.. Eiumvzon, b. liAlefsl litie complete and continuous : scslce small, 5.5 to 115 in the course of tbe lateral line. /, Fontanolle present. f. M.iiith very largo, terminal, obliqne: lips thin, nearly smooth. ClIASMISTKS, 6. Mouth inferior, moderste or small, with thick, papiiloee lips. Catostomus, 7. Jf, l^mtane^e obliterated by thounlouof the parietal bones: mouth small, ia&rtnr, with thick, papillose lips, the lower jaw providud with a ctftiUginous sheath Pantosteus, d CONTRIBUTIONS TO JTORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOT — ^m. * Doreal flu clongato, more or 1e«)8 olovat«<l in front, of about ^ or more dovoloped mya : air bladder in two pArta. tFnntanelle obliterated by tbe anion of the parietal bones: head dbort and Amall: body elongate. (Cifcleptino'.) K Mouth amall, iuforior, with very thick, papillone lips ; aoales nuiall, SA to GO the eourao of the latural lino .CvcLKjTVS, IfFbotanelle well dovolopod : head Iivrge : body oblong or ovate: BoaJm huge, 35 40 in tbe couibo of tbo latoral line. {Bubaliekiti^iiaj.) {. Ponral raya in moderate nnraber ('24 to 33). j. Mouth oomporativcly araall, inferior, protractile downworda. k. Pharyngeal bones narrow, with tho te«th comparatlTely thin and weak. Carpiooes, ki. Pharyngeal bonoa atroug, the teeth comparatively ooanw and large, creasing in mze down wards „ BuBAUCHTnTa, jj. Mouih qnlte large, terminal, protractile forwards : pharyngeal bonea teeth modMmte : lips thin, nearly flmooth ...... IciiTH Yout's, ll ii. Boraal i\n very long, of nbnat 50 dHvelo^wd rays MrXfKYPKiNCft, Genus QUASSI LABIA Jordan <t Brayton. Zfi^odkila Jordan & BraYTON. Proo. Ac. Nat. So. Phila. 280. 1877. (Preoccupied ooDobology as Lag€H^HH$,) (^Muailahia (JoitcvN Sl BnAYioN) Jokdan, Man, Vert. £, U. S. ed.2df 401, 1473. Type, Lagothila Iticrra Jordan & Brayton. Etymology, iiuatuun, broken or torn; labia, lip. Suckera like Mtfxo8t4»ma in every respect excepting the structtire 0 tbo mouth and o[>ercula. Head Khortish, conical, with leugtbeued snoat its length 4^ to 5 times in that of the body, the opercnlor region bein retluccd,aotbat the eye is well backwards: suborbital bonefl narrow: ft tanello large, widely open. Mouth large, singular in stmctore, inferi the upper lip not protractile, greatly prolonged, closely plicate. Low* lip much reduced, tlivided into two distinct elongate lobe^, which weekly papillose. The split between these lobes extends backwards t the edge of the deuiary bones, which are provided with a rather ha horny plate, as in Pantosteus, The lower lip is entirely separated I tbo upper at the angles by a deep fissure. Tho skin of the cbee' fonns a w»rt of cloak over this fissure, the crease separating this ski from the month extending up on the sides of the mozzle. The between the lips extends down on the under side of the head. Sy« ot mnciferons tubes well developed. Pbarynpeal bones not dissimilar from the usual typo in Myjtyjttn rather weak, with numerous small t^th. Body elongate, not much compressed, not elcrnted. Flna modcrauv of prooisely the t>'|»e usual in Mjfjcwiioma. :daaH=MMM£tti J GENUS QUASBtLABIA. 105 S prcciaely as in Myxontomay the lateral line vrel) dovelopud and OMriy atrfti^bt., with iiboat 45 scales ia its course. Air-binddrr iu tbivo piirtn. 8aoa] pecuIiantieHaiiknoTC^n ; probably little marked. But a singk' Ri>eicies of this genus is kaotrn. It is a sort of offNboot (nra the ^nas MyxoHtoma, bnc its non-protractile month and siugulrir tovrr lip wotild Ac^m to indicate some real affinity with the genas Exo- Hie oac&e LagochUuti bad been previoasly applied to a gotius of Gns- iKupodft by iMaufoni,and toagenuaof lusecta by Loew. As Lagochila is ttbtteatiiiUy the some word, with tbo same etymology^ and as, if written fa Met cxirreetiiesB, it would be LagochiliM also, its authors Imve seen lltotabHtitote the name Quassilabia, and thas to forestall all discus- iM lo whether the name Lagochila should be retained. As this snb- UioD vaa made soon after the original descriptiou of the genus, and ire the name Ixtgochila had come iuto auy geQei*al uhc, it is to be [l0ped tbat it will be accepted by succeeding ichthyologists. Otntric OutrtteteriTatl^mt. LMMKailLA Jordftti & BrsftoD, 1677. — " Similar to Mitxostoma(Ftt;t^io»lovtu» Ajsfumz) ia tbft •tnteton of tbo mouth parts. DorwU fin short ; Uteral liuc well derel- ■nalna larger •obeqaol ; oir-blAUder iu tlirae p»rt«; fontaneUe butweeD pftrietal hvoM ««U develupcd ; {»baryDgiial booua wsok. vriib dumeroas small teeth i apiwr lip Bit *II ptoimctilfl, gTVNtly rnlargod, bat attenoatiM], suil Biogulur iu form, it oouBtsis «( I vo atoogpUMl Ami narrow lobcn, separatnl by u niurow, dtM*p (bwiire, wliioli exti'^uils fcnitnl ts th« vilff^ of tbr mnndible proper, which w-einH to he ammil vr\i\i a ralhet; hMrioralBwal bomy plata, abont a« in the genns PantonUm*. Tim two \nhenof the >9«« wakJjr papiUowN Tba lower Mp is ealirely separated /rom tbu up|ivrat the by ftda«p ftaamv. Over this tissore tbo akiu ol the cheek lioaas a sort of cloak ; ■pAfftU^ tbia skiD from the moatb, exteuduig up oa tbe sides of tbe lun^zle. fcrtweai tlia lips extends down on the skio of tbe ouder side of the head. vpaxdeiarxtmBeJf abort aod tbve>e is entirely in thupoalerlor partof the bead." — A BaiiTOK, Pror, Ae. Sat. Sc. Phila. p. 390, 1877.) Ik Jordan A nraytoo, 1678. — " Wlien tbe name I^goehtla was tint- pro- Ua avtbois were not aware that tbe masonUnn form, Ao^orklla*, ^VMtt W two diflt:reui geueraj loooeorOsaleroiHMlH liy B'.iiuford aid «l liMrrtf by l^ew. Tbe wotds L*mockiIa and LagocMlut ai« idoiuical In ety- a^ In all «x«ept tenoinatians, .ind many writers would oonnidur th**m iusuOi- ty diatlaet, asd wo«bl bold thitt tbt< name Lttifockila abonid bo rh:knpr>d. At tfta lncltuM to the contnry opinion ; nevcrtbelrM, rm the matter stands, and Wrt ha« «iol yet come intoqeneral atm, I«a oonfuRJon perhainwiU tb» p«m. than fWjro any other roanm. Tbw n.imc (^moMnl^bUt J U acconXUiKly snggcsted as a iialN«tilut4' fur F^gochiU, rtmMdnred i> «o«eholog> . Tbo etymology is faawttt, broken (»r i «*i n . inU.f '■'*•• . l^^^^^ 106 C0NTBIBDTI0N8 TO NORTH AUEBIGANICHTHTOliOOT—in. The case U preciaely like that of the genosof Doves, LepttpUUBwrnMrnoOfl^uAj JEchmoptila by Dr. Cooes, oo oocoont of the previooa Lq^t^tUmi of I^eaou."— (Jotbiit Bull. C. 8. Geol. JSurv. Terr, vol iv, Xo. 2, p. 41ti, ISTS,) ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF <)DASSELABIA. *Head short, conical, with lengthened snoat, the region betwaeo tba efcs fBttrH and with prominent macons ridges : cheeks and lower port of head imlber amUflt: opercle much reduced, its greatest length scarcely greater than the diaineter of the eye : head about 4} in length : eye 4^ in length of head, abont 8 in length of the sdoo^ its situation thus quite posterior ; length of the top of the head 1} in the distant ftom the snont to the base of the dorsal. Body rather aleoder, the fom bfiag between that of Aiyxottoma eervinum and if. autcn>2epfdo<Hsi, the depth 4} in the kag^ Dorsal fin rather low ; its rays 1, 12; A. I, 7; V. 9. Scales 5-45-& ColDr oUvsa blniah-brown Above; sides and belly silvery ; lower fins faintly orange... X.ACUA. L 1. QUASSILABIA LAOBRA Jordan <t- Braxton. Bare'Up Sucker. SpliUmoittk Sucker. May Sucker of <A« Sdolo. Cut-Opt. l&7—Lagoehila laoera Jordan &. Brattox, Proc. Ac Nat Sc. Phils. SSO, 1877. Lagochila Jaoera Jordan, Hon. Vert. ed.Sd, Sll, 1878. Quaaailabia laoera Jukoax, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 406, 1878. Quatnlabia laoera Jordan, Bull. U. 8. QeoL Sorv. Terr. 418, 1878. Habitat. — ^Tonneasee River. Scioto River. Only three specimens of this siugalar Sucker are yet kaown. Two ni these were taken by Professor Braytou and myself in the Ghickamanga Biver at Kiu{;goId, Catoosa Ounnty, Georgia, and the other in ElkBirer near Estill Springs, Tennessee. In both these streams, the species wu well known to the lishermen, who s»id that it is one of the most aban* dant si>ecies iu those waters, and one of the most highly valued for food. In the Ghickamanga, it is known as the Hare-lip or Split-mouth Sooker None of the s[>ccimens taken were mature, the largest being but ten inches long, so that its maximnm size cannot be given. Since the above was written, a fine large specimen has been sent tome by J. H. Klippart, Es(j., of the Ohio Fish Commission. It was taken ia Scioto liiver near Columbus, in April, 1878. Mr. Klippart iuforms me that the species is well known to the Scioto fishermen, who call it Mas Sucker, us it runs up the river in May. That so strongly marked a sp^ cies has so long escaped the utteutiou of ichthyologists in the State «=>' Ohio is sin<{ular. tipcdmena in United Utatcs National MuMum, Numlwr. Locality. Collector^ Chickainauga River D. 8. Jord Core, Ptoe. Am. PhiloA. Soc. PbilA. 467, 1S70. !>p^ rUoopJkttryffdr mriitatu$ Copo. SQ«ol<iier» iriU£, ft brMd Burfftoe ; ^pv^f, pbarynx. Saekora like Myxost&ma in all respects, except that the pbaryogeal taMS are much mure developed, and the teeth reduced in number, those ■ the lower half of the bono very large, 6 to 10 iu uumber, nearly cylia- Ue in form, being bat little compreeaed, and with a broad, rounded or Aafiteoed grinding surface. The forms and (XisitioDS of these en- krgiEid t««tb vary greatly. Iu a specimeu before me, the first tooth is ttt higbisat and most compressed, its summit beiug rounded and then abniptiy truncate. The second tooth is notably shorter and thicker, ■ocb likTH^r, and rouuded on top, the boily of the tooth serving as a pe- iuele for the swollen grinding surface. The third tooth is ntill shorter Bd BimOar in form. The fourth tooth is similar to the first, beiug much Ugbcr thao the second and third, and tiat ou top. The others seem to h tiTvgularly alteruated or arranged in pairs, a loug one and a short «Kv tbe loug teeth in all cases being the most truncated, as if their sur* Uoeft had be«D most worn off. Aa 1 have at present no perfect specimens of this genus, nothing but *V7 yoaiig specimens, uud pharyngeal jaws of adults, I cannot do better ikan to copy Professor Cope's original ilescription, which seems to be ■I MeonUe one. I substitute the generic names used in this pajM^r \M9to$iamA^ etc.) for those used by Professor Cope {Ftychostomwit Qic\ vWiMver n difference occurs : — ** Allied to Mjfxosloma, The phar3''ngeal teeth much reduced iu uum- ter, only «eveu on the pr<^>Kinial half of the bone, cyliudric in form, with Ahmad, trtiiicuto trilurutiug surface. These play against a broad, cres- «ncic, cbiCiD-liko shield on the posterior roof of the pharyngeal cavity- IWfr dirisions of the rmca natatoria, **'Witfa A great suj>erOcial resemblance to Myxostoma, the masticatory ^lyKrHtoA is different from that of any Catostomoid form known to me, eooibiuea peculiarities observed iu some forms of true Cyjiinnidte, chitlolike shield is found in some of the latter; it is represented in ('«ioftomitj, Myxostoma^ and Curpiudca by a narrow and very thin |>el- ^M»of the same material, frequently interrupted in the middle liue.^ b«l ooe ftpedes of the geuus is known. It is apparently widely dis- ttilmtiHl through the Mississippi Valley and the Great Lukes, bat its 108 coNTRiBtrrioss to north American ichthyologt — in. I pecnliaritiea are rarely noticed doIcss the pbaryngeal teeth are cxposeO, The writer has obtained four setd of th« pliaryngeal jiiwa and (ine entire skeleton, bnt bas seen only two small specimeuSf collected by FrofcHSor Braytou in the Illiuois River, and has (obtained none iu lite. Since the foregoing was written* I have collected nnmorons large] Hpecimens in tbo French Broad River, North Carolina, where it is the' moHtubaudant tnemberot the family, known to nit tisbermenaa the'-* Red Horse''. With a great fiui>erticial resembh'.nce to the Nurtbern Ited Borse {Mt/xoxtoma mamvUjiidotum)^ Pl^ciq}harytix oarinatwi difiera fronl^ all the spcciefi of Myxostoma iu its larger and more oblique mouth ant extremely thick lips. 2. PLACOPHaRYNX CARINATUS Cope. Bi^'jmaed Sucker. ISTO—Plaeopharynz oarinatua CoPB.Proc. Am. Philoa. Soe. Phila. 467. 1870. Fiacophiirj/nx airiKatua Joiu>ak, Fisbwi uf ind. 2*^1, ltf7h. (Nftmo otily.) I'lacophari/iLx: auinatiu Joicpan, Man. Vurl. 2U0, lb76. J'latophaiynx carinatuB Nelson, Bull. No. I. Ills. Man. N.%t. H]a*L 49, lH7ti. Placophargnx oarinatut JoiU).vN & CorsLAXD, Check Lint, 153, lcf7G. (Nl only.) Placophiirynx earinahit JonPAV. Proc. Ac. Nat. 8o. Pliila. 72, 1H77. Plaoopharifnx oarinatu9 Jordan &■ Oiluebt, Id KUppart'A B«pt. 53, 1877. (Ntai ualy.) Placi^harynx carinaluB KUPI'AAT. First Keport Ohio Finb Couimiaslou, tM), 1H77. PUmtphart/nx carinatiu .Ioia»AN, Bull. U. S.Nat. Mus. ix,5^, llrT?. (Nntnu oTily.) Ptacophan/nx carinatux JoitlMS, Mitn. Vert. e<l. 2iI.;Ul, IK7tl. Piacophatytijr carinatM JoJiD-iN, Ball. TJ. 8. Gool. Surv. vol. iv. No. 2, p. 417, 1>?79, HAnrtAT.— Miuiitwippl Valley and TTppor Great LnkeA. Wnliiub Rivor ( Copr, Jordan)! loTo River. Ohio Rivi^r. Detroit River. Illinoin River. French Broud River. The following is Professor Cope's description of this species: — *^The physiognomy and proportions of this sucker ore those of PU erythrurus or the 'reil horne' of the Western Rivers. " The lips are large and plicate, the anterior pendent like that of the Pi\ collapntts^ the posteiior full like th.it of Pt. cervinug. Muzzle verticftll; truncate. Length of head in that of l>o(ly four timcfl; depth of iMidy in game 3.60 times ; scjites G — 41 — 5. Radii D. XIV, V. 9, A. 7. Fnv mar- gin of dorsal straight, not elevated nuteriorly. Occipital region moi elevated medially than In Pt, eryfhrurm^ snpenor ridges well marlcci with a special addition characteristic of this species, and of none ol with which I am acquainted* This is a median longitudinal ftout ridge, est^juding from the fontanelle to between the nasal ridges. Oolj PLACOPHARYNX CAK1NATU3. 109 ihf posteriorcxtreiuity of this ridge appears io some PtyckostomL Orbit Uually oval, 4^ times in length of head, twice in interorbiCAl Type, fonrteen incUe« in length. 'Color iu alcohol tike tbat of other speciet}, uniform straw or whitish ■hrffy. "Tb« pbtu-jngeal Ixines of this species are much stontor than those of Iter species of ita own and greater size, e, g.^ Pt, uureotns of eighteen Mwif w1>ere thoy are comparatively slight. The extcropostorior ala is trtrie M widi^ as the body inside the teeth is deep, and but for ita short kflesnd narrowed tip would do for that of a Semotilus. But while tbci-c JDBMveD broai] t€M3th without heel or casp on the biisal half, tbero are Itf last forty on ihe distal half, they becoming more compressed and jIfttllT like those of other allied genera. There are fourteen with truu- Lcste extrecnitieA. The pharyngeal plalo has narrow horns directed up- [vanls and forwards, and ia thickened medially, it is placed immedi- iD U4lvance ot the opening of the (esophagus. I have but one of this curious &|>ecieH, which I obtained at Lafayette, on the ^atesh Birer, in Indiana.** Tl»e writ^jr baa in his collection two young specimens obtained in Illi- »is KivtT by Prof. Braytou, a skeleton of a very large individual ODd in Scioto Uiver by Pr. J. W. Wbeaton, and a pair of pharyngeal »ai taken by Dr. G. M. Levette from a fish taken in the Wabash at r«rre Haut«. I have also seen a pair of pharyngeals and au air-bladder taken in Detroit Uiver by Professor Baird, and now in the Unitoil ^AlioQsl Museum, and a jaw from " Post-pliocene '* deposits near ibe Falls of the Ohio, fonnd by Dr. John Sloan. The jaws and air- bbdUer abore noticed are the only spocimonsof this species preserved KatioDal Museum. ^^^jlaea tfau funrgoing was written, the writer has obtained nnmerous ^^^^K speciioeDs of PUicopkarynx carinatus from the French Broad at ^fOMt Cntk and other localities in North Carolina. From one of these, ^tte foQowiog description was taken : — 3«>*U ol*i..ofr^ moderately compressed, heavy at the shoulders : head Tor> •^' in length of the body : eye small, behind the middle of the DMOtb extremely targe, the lower jaw oblique when the mouth is Ihe uioath, tUerePoro, protractile forwards as well as downwards : Qpg ^,^-^ ^Uir'kj coarjMsly plicate, the lower lip full aud heavy, truucjite bell, ul above evenly rounded, in my specimena not showing the onsslKHi (iescrib«U by Professor Cope : scales (Mo-O : dorsal rays IJ ; Tentml tf I color l>raasygreea above; lower fins red. 110 C0NTHIBDTI0N8 TO NOHTH AMEBICAN ICHTHYOLOOY — III. Genus MYXOSTOMA {Rqfineaque) Jordan, Cato8tomu9 ep. Le Sukur, and of all wrftora till 1865. Moxottoma Rafinksquk, Ichtbyolugta Obieiuis, 1820, 54. (Proposed m a sabgenns for' tboao Bpccies of CaloMtomu* with oi'gbt ventral roys aud tbo caudal lobea no- «qaal: type C. ami»uru$ Raf.) TereluluB Rafinrkquk, Ichthyologia Obienais, 1820, 57. (Ao a imbgennfl.to lncln< tboae Bpecieti of CatovtomH* witb uine ventral rays: no typo deaigusted— r of the species recorded bclung to the present genus. C*. aureoia* L« Saenr the species first mentioned, and to this species and its relatives the aaxnt TeretuXua wfts sfterwards restricted by Professor Cope.) PtychoBtomtu AOASSIZ, American Journal of Science and Arts, 1855, p. 203. (No designated : the spooiesmentionod are P, awvyltUy P. fMtrolepidotuJi^ P, dnqut «H, and P. meUinop§, P, aureolM has been considered the typo of the geoos.) Teretuiwi Cope, Joarn. Ac Nat. Sc. Pbila. 1868, S30. Maxmtoma J*jBi>kSi, Manuul of Vertebrates, lti76, S9&. Mjfxottona Jordak, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. 1977, 346. (Correotod orthography,) Etymology, /(E'fu, to snck ; orftftaf mouth. Type, Catottomus anUurut Raflnesqae. Body more or leas elongate, sometimes nearly terete, nsaally more less compreAANl. Head variously long or short, its length ranging from 3^ to 5^ in thi of the body : eye usanlly rather large, varying from 3 to 6 times in tl length of the side of the bead, its position high np and median nitber posterior: suborbital bones very narrow, alwnys much lon| than broad, their width less than one-fourth that of the fleshy part the cheek : fontanellc on top of head always well open, the pnriet bones not coalescing. Month varying much in size, always inferior in position, the mandibi being horizontal or nearly so: lips usually well developed, the form the lower varying in different sections of the genus, usually with n sligl median fissure, bnt never deeply incised; the lips with transvei plica* — the folds rarely so broken up as to form papilhe : jaws witb^ conspicuous cartilaginons sheath : mncifcrons system considerabl^v d( veloped, a chain of tubes along the supraorbital region, a branch of which extends around behind the eye and forwards along the suborbital bones and the lower edge of the preorbilal : opercular bones modcratei] developed, nearly smooth : isthmus broad : gill-rakers weak, modi ately long, in length about half the diameter of tlte eye. Pharyngeal bouea rather weak, much as in Brimyzon and Cat OENDS MYX08T0MA. Ill CbilMtli rather coarser, strongly compressed, the lower five or six mnch ttwser tbaa the others, wbicb nre rapidly diuiinished in size apwards, viU) a prominent internal cnsp. Softtes I'TKe, mora or less qaadrate in form, nearly equni in size over Ue body, nod not specially crowded anywhere, nsnally abont 44 in the line (41 to 50), and about twelve series between dorsal and ven- Lateral line well developed, straight or anteriorly decurved, Flos well developed, the dorsal iuserted about midway of the , itii flrat mys usually rather nearer snoat than the candal, the Baber of developed rays usually about 13, but varying in different yMTJw from 11 to 17 : anal fin short and high, usually emarginato in Cbo nole flsh, probably always with seven developed! rays: ventrals in- lected nearly under the middle of the dorsal; their number of rays nor- mally 9^ occasionally varying to 10 ; the occurrence of ten ventral rays li probably an accidental individual character, and not a i>cnnaneQt ^leciflo one : caudal fin deeply forked, the lobes about equal, except in tvospeoiea. AirhladdericifJi three chambers: skeleton essentially as in Catostomusj ^BbA vwtobne in J/, carpto 27-14 (Giinther). ^m fiiSQal peculiarities little marked, the males in the spawning season Bbift the lower fins reddened, and the anal rays swollen and somewhat CabereoUie. TbU g«DU8 is widely diffnsed, some of its species occurring in all the of the United States east of the Bocky Mountains, excepting of the New England States. Some of the more aberrant species MMi to be quite local ; other species are of the widest distribntion. The yriscipsl species in the genns, although not the technical type, J/, ma- wUpidoiviH, is very widely diffused, and is subject to much variation. Thi* iKonna is one readily recognizable by external appearance, its beiag known lo the fishermen as "£ad IforM'^and ^^ Mullet^ ', of other genera being cnllHl rather " Suckers''. Its proper uomen- aoi however, l)een a subject of considerable uncertainty. no •obgenuH Moxo$toma was originally proposed by Bafiuesque to kaolado C anUurug Kaf., with the following diagnosis: — **Body oblong, eoaipnmnl; head compressed, eight abdominal rays; dorsal fin oom- ■only looifl tad inal; tail commonly nnequally forked." Tbe charaotors here noticed are either common to several genera, tlae merely «|)Ocific, and the use of the generic name must de- ImmmI 00 our IdoDtiflcation of the original typical species. By some 112 C0NTBIBCTI0K8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IH. process of reasoDiog not dow exptaitinblef Proferaor Agaasiz ideotifif this with tbe coromoD Chub Sucker of the West, a species which I cod- sider wleutiwil with Ci/prinujs ohlongus MitchiH. He thus transferred th< uaiue MojfOKtoma from the *' Ketl Horse ** lo the *'Chab Sucker" group. Bafinesque's description, howerer, renders it evident that his fish wj one of the Red Horse kind; and as Moxostoma is the first generic Dam< applied to H]>ecie8 of t)iat group, it must be retained in spite of tbi lncoa)pl4Ateue6a of the original diagnosis. Teretulus Kafinesque was proposed three pages later for "an extenisivft| snbgcnaA, to which belong all the following species of Le Suear: C, a\ reoluit, C. macrolepidotuSy C. lotiffirosfrum^ C nigricanSy C vUiatuitj C* maculoituMt C. ituccttay besides the C. teres and C\ oblongiu of Mitchill/ To these he adds his own species, C. mclanopg^ C. mdanotus (= Oamp(h\ stoma), C.ftticiol<xri6y 0. eryMrurtw, and C.flcxuosua. This **omm«w«p»-j thentm^ receives the following diagnosis: — ** Body elongate cylindrii or somewhat qaadraogular, 0 abdominal rays, dorsal fin commonly sma tail equally forked.'' A name proposed for a group of this kind, in the opinion of tbe enc writer, shonld not be set aside, but should be retained for some oi or more of the species originally referred to it, and when any writei adopts such a genus, he shall have the right to select any of the specie as its type, and the name should bo considered thereafter as applyini to such typical species only, not to be revived in case such typical specii be afterwards found to have had a prior generic name. In case no sm type has been selected by any author, then the " principle of exclnsion' should be applied, and the name be retained for such species as may left to the last, on subtractinfi; from the mongrel group the dilVerenl component genera in chronological order. lu this view, Teretulun^ liaviug been by Professor Coi)6, in 1868, strictfMl to 0. aureotui Lo H. and its affines, these being congeneric wit species previously called Mojcostoma, becomes a synonym of Moxostovuiy und cannot bo used for a distinct genus. The principle of exclusion, if nnmodifie<l, would ntiuire us to use the uamo Teretulus for those species left on subtracting Caiostomus proper, Maxoxtoma^ OanipotU^mfif Enmyzon^ and Uifpctttdiumj i. e., in place of Minj/trema, Piifvhostmnvs Agassiic was proiH3sed for this same group, withool reference to the two uames conferred by Itiifiuesquo. Thi^ "*"^ well oharaoterixed by Professor Agasaiz on the peculiarities • -■-■^■-^^aes.-.Mgi 0ENU8 MTX08T0MA. 113 lips, although the spefiea of Minytrema was inadvertently iDcInded Tbe moKt important peneric featore, the tricollular air b! udder, mHiciHt by Trofe^Aor Cope. I htrc ae«Q fit to chau^n the ortho((raphy of the name from MojooHoma JI|LrosioMu], in aocordutice with itsapparcutetymoloji^y. Thin cbaugt* inUM*r ib'Kirnble from the fact that it tends to avoid confiisinu, the u,.,.../,>,nii having been commoDly used in counectiou with a . -t. gvtiu» Mtfxojttoma uontaius two well marked sectioDS^ typified ively by J/, t^ttlalum and M. marroU'pidotiuny and rharacteri^^ed by form of the mouth and lower lip : that of if. vclata being as in the Erimjfzon; that of M. m-acrolepidoUtm being of the character most ID thtA gcnuM. Gatfffe CkarMteriuitionB, BafiuMque, 1820. — " Bo<1y oblong, coupre§9<Hl ; bnod comprened, elglil fmjm, duraal flo commoDlj longitodiuil ; tnll commonly aneqaally forked."— OfrkMU, p. 54.) OS Biilhiii«(|u«, IdSO. — " Body elongAt>e cylindrical or somewhat quodrangn- ilaaiitiAl rujKi dortiol Aoa coniiuoaly soiall ; tail equally forked. An oxtun- %o which belong all tbo follnwing specieA of Lo 8ncQr: C rinrrafiM. C- C. /oii^trotfram, f. atj^caM, C t*if/a(u4, ('. macnhtm^ C tucettOf besid<>» •cd C. ohlonffuM of Dr. MlUihill.'*— (/eA, OA. p. 5T.) mlvkiit'n AKRtMiiz, 1855. — "In renprot to form of body and the HtmetDro and «( %ka AtWr UiiB |;oiiu8 ilous not dtircr from Cutostouiun pitiptT, bat uiny be by ibti ri>1luwin){ Btruotural pcculiaritieo. Tbo lijis aru marked by trana- or folda, and hardly bilubud brluw ; tbey are not papillated a« in Cutosto- |fu{iMf, Tbwgcoeric name of this type In derived fiom tbifi character of the lip« U abAFUfr and aioater. TbedunmUa longer than it iahigb.bnt hi the males, ■X LB propoftioD tbao to the femalea. The anal of the male ie also broader tliri firmale* and ita lover margin lobed, while m the female it ia Irapo- ow. TImmaIcm araaalargeou tbeantetioraaaa the poaterior region of the body; tbeir Anal dteiMiitr aboala* gnmt ma the lonKUndinal.ao that the (M.'jile8 are nearly qaad' , «ilUi rwuwled ^go»; the ornnnit.'nra) concentric ridgeA not Imiger nor broader «po«l«riar tl»a opou the latantl and anterior tields; the radiating fiirrowo few, war (Udd and one on each side limiting that field from \\w Acb; • i-rior field are more nnmerous, and yet not cmwdeil Ht ih» Utcnl lisM ariaing in tho centre of radiation or farther baok uptm tb>* I* ATv atrotig, their entire edge apreading lik« a wing, and that ia M!|iar«tcd fhiro the •ympbyaia by a deep emargination. The Idly in al£e from above downwards, are more apart from one 12-^ 114 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ^IlL imother than in tho preceding geaera, and arolied invord as in HoxMtoma, (be edge of the lower ones sqnare, its inner margin rising into a broad cnsp in the and upper te&th." —{American Joum. 8ci. Art$, xix, p. 203.) Tbrktulus Cope, lH6d.— "The essential character of this genns is the di?iiiaa the natatory bladder into three chamberSt while Catostomns and all Cyprinidn, bat two. This feature is accompanied by plicate lips, as Agasaiz has indicated, nine rays to the ventral fin, already point«d ont by Rafinesqne. The speciei ir iargcat scaled of the typical suckers. Le Soenr and ValenclenDes have pointed che generic features in the P. vtacroltpidotus ; Prof. Baird informs me that It in Pt. ftorealia Bd., and I find it in PL certiaiu and Pi. dnquwnii. It no doabt also in the Pt aureohis. Other species described by Baird and Qirard from the west, probably possess it. ** It is difiicult to assign a name to this genns. Rafinesquo proposes It npon nol able characters, and includes with it species of Moxostoma and Catostomns. purged it of these elements, but did not express its essential character, apparently nlf! ing on the plicate lips. I have taken the older name, leaving for others the decision."— (Journa/ Acad. Nat Svi. Phila. I8(W, p. 236.) Ptyciiostomus Cope, 1870.—" The development of the lips furnish important dli^ nostic indicatious in this genus. In those most nearly allied to Moxostoma, the i lip rcHcmblea that of that genus in being narrower and deeply incised, emargimll posteriorly forming a figure V with the ax>ex forwards, at the same time the lip is very thin and often narrow. Such species are shorter, and tend to a greatd^ velopment of dorsal fin. Others of this type arc more elongate. Some species of bott \ are distinguished by their very prominent conic mnzzle and minute, inferior montl, i rcuiiniliug one uf the Carpiodes. In oue species the lips are papillose instead of plicate. In some specicH, the month is very projectile, in others scarcely so at all. "Ratiiiesquv proposed a gcuns Tcr^tufntt on the characteristic peculiarity of nine tcd* tral rwlii, belonging to must species of this genns. He however included speci» of two other genera. On this account, Agassiz, in rearranging the snckors, imposed os it tho name Htauding at the head of this article, regarding the plicate lips as a primaiy character. 1 think Kafinesqnc'H name is to be rejected, owing to its ill application; the mure as I find two Hpccies in which there are ten ventral radii. I adopt tbatof Agfkssiz, though I showed, when describing the Pt rrrrinus, that the tricellnlar n^i* tory bladder wus a more distinctive feature. ThisbecomcH tho more obvious nowtbit I have found a species where the lips are tubercular instead of plicate.** — (i^wc J"- Philos. aS'oc. Phila. p. 400.) Moxostoma Jordan , 187().— *' Dorsal moderate, of 11 to 20 rays : air bladder in three parts: lii)s usually i>licate: lateralliue very distinct : pharyngeal teeth nnmeroan end all small, of the usual typo, the hones slender" (in comparison with tho»e of PJatopIt*- r!fnx).~(Man. Vert. E. V. S. p. i>9li.) Moxostoma Cope & Jordan, 1H77. — "Body oblong or elongate, with a short so**' quadrate dorsal liu of 10 to 17 developed rays : air bladder in three parts : lat«nl Uo^ present: fontanelle present: scales large, subeqnal : pharyngeal bones not eqMeisl^T enlarged, the teeth of the usual type."— (Jordan, Proo. AeoA. Nat. SH, PkUa. 1877, p- et) Bp Ml, Na posterior edge truucato, not infolded aod " A-sbaped ". wilh Ibe bod; dbtlinctly oomprewwd, tbu deptb 'i^ to uearly 5in lengtb. k Itand ftn UrKvly devi>lop«Ml. iU* ntys 15 to 18 in Dnmlxir: btiad rather Urge, 3^to 4^ lo length, broad above: xnouth large, with full lips: eyo rather body d(wp. diroDgly oouipreBBod^ the back aoincvrhat elevated, tho about 'i^ ID leDgth : doraol fin high aad large, larger thou iu uuj elboi spoeisaof the geaos. tho first ray about us long &« the boso of tbfr ftn: seaSca 5-43-4, qait« large: ooloratioo very pale aod silvery, the lower ftas whU« .— CARPio, 3. Hk DoomI An moderate. it« rays VZ tu 11 iu nomber. Btaka huge, <11 to GO in tho course of the lateral line. i. Caudal fin nonual. the two lubus alM>ut equal nod similarly colored. & Boad stngnlar id form, niuob abortuned, the muzzle very abruptly de- mzTML, deaceudlng almoiit pcrpcndioDlarly in front of tho eye : the bead wedgo-shupcd from behind forvnirds, und Icsa so from below apwarda, ita sides subvert ical and the lotver cross-diameter of the hoail grsater than tbc upper. /. £y« very large, more than one-third tfae length of the side of the br»d (in uu individiiul of six inches iu length;: lipa thin, very Caiiitty plicate: width uf head thrungb the operoles greater than the tbiokneas ot the body : bend 4^ in length ; depth alMuC the sMna : dorsal rays 13 : HCjiles iMtl-Ti : Ixidy sbortiBb, closely ctim- pnanad, the back somewhat elevated, and the caudal iiodunole onusually long in proportion: color smoky-blue ; lower fins white: size probably small EVRYors, 4. fik. Read unnusl in form, not as above. f. Mouth moderate or large, not very small, nor very mocb oveqiassed by tlie uiuKKle : lips thick, strongly plicate : btidy stontish, vary- iog to mt»duratoIy elongate: dursul 0n mediiini, its dovrloped rays 12 to 14, usually 13 in unmber: scales large, abotit G-4&-5: lowar Hub Iu tbv adult red or onnge. Head comparatively elougale, 4 to & in length: month large: dizc very large, reachioK a liMijjth of two feet or more MAChOLEPirKiTi m, .V X. Head quite elongate, 4 to 4} in length : bock little elevated: body rather elongate, not greatly couipressed : sr^tles pretty large. f>-12 Ut 4I>-5: back bluish or olive; aides brilliantly silvery, with bright rellectlons ; dorsal fln diwky above ; lower tins bright red duqHmmiu m. Head a liUle shorter, 4^ to A} in length : farm of the preceding: scales distinctly smaller^ 7 or 8-1'^ to TiCMi: buck with much smoky shading laekrywaUs, J 116 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHTOLOOY — ^IH '*LipR distiDotly plicate — Contioned. XXX. Head still shorter and deeper, if to 5 in fa its upper profile concnrTent with th« i of the back, which is conaidetaUy efanlj the form being thus somewhat elliptiosl : ri| compressed: dorsal rays osaally 13: eol little silvery, the sides reflecting browniahi golden ; back smoky, some of the scales did at base : scales CM2 to 50-5. - hh. Head comparatively short, low and small, 5 to 5} in back elevated and compressed ; depUi 8f in length : rather small, more or lees overpassed by the snoot : ation bright yellowish-brown, etc., not silvary ; lomi bright red : dorsal rays 13 : scales G-42 to 48-0 : size la^ AUBXOLCM,! gg. Month very small, much overpassed by the oouio mnzsle : small, abopt 5 in length, t. Body fiattish, the back elevated and compressed; depth 3|; muzzle contracted : scales large, 5-44-5 : dorsal rays 12 : dorsal fin elevated in front, its first soft ray longer the base of the fin : color silvery, with smoky above, some of the scales blackish at their bases ; lower I white ; top of head, humeral bar, and dorsal fin dnsky. GRAS8ILABK1,T. ii. Body ilattish, the dorsal oatline elevated, the form being likl that of M. coregonua: head small and conic : month exceed- ingly small, tfao BDont fur overpaasiug it, the muzxle faeisg much longer than in M, crassilabre : dorsal rays 14: efi large : coloration smoky above, some scales dnsky at tluii baueH ; siduHpale; lower fins white CONC8,8. ddL Caudal fm vrizU the upper lobe falcate, much longer than the lower, it least in the adult, the lobes niuiilarly colored: dorsal fin short soiL high, falcate: lM)dy compressed; buck somewhat elevated; deptbSfr in length: bead conic, fl»ttiHh,5i in length: month very small, much tfl in aureolitm. D. l'2-l:t, half higher than long : scales 0-46-5. ANI8nilA,£^. ddd. Caudal fin with the lower lobe much longer than the upper and differ eutly colored, the upper l<»l>e iu the adult being red, ll»« inferior jet-black, its two lowi-rniost developed rays »»* their inembraues abruptly white (? iu both sexes). BoA J elongate, moderately compretised, somewhat elevated f^v wards ; depth 4^ iu length : head uboot the some : moaC: medium, the lips full : dorsal rays 13 : scales large, 5-44-4 coloration nsual, except of the caudal fin ; other fins all ro^ with blackish shadings: size small pceciluba, 1 ^ ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF MYX08T0MA. 117 plic«l»— Contin uotl. ScbIm Tory eniall for the genu», about i^&6-8 in Damber : body modenuly •loDgftttif the di'plliulMml 4 in tbo Icugth. m. HmmI iiborli»b, ouuic, tbe uuout uot inuob x>n>jectiug, about 4 in length : «7e large: donal fln r<ma]l, with abont oloven rays, the last rapidly •bortviKMl (i'liarutlent of uioath nukiiowu, but probably siuiilar to mmcrolfpidottfm and paciiura; !t ia said to be " louoh Urgttr than in /*. oon^Mlus") AUtiurxi, n. wiLb the body ulongate, little comprofised, broad, the di^ptb nliout 5 IB length, not very much greater than ibe tbiokuetiD. Head very t»hort, ruuuditsb ubuvcs mtber p<itut«d forwarda, ftboat 5 in leogtb : cheeks aubvertieal : mouth rather large, with thick Upa, which are ittrougly plicate, the folds Bome- wbat bniken up: eye small: Qua ver>' small, the dorsal ray* 10 to 12 : scales rather large, (i-44 to 4y-5 : color groen- tah-bravn, a pole blotvb ou each twalo, the«e lonniug con- tionuDs ttlreakft along the rowe of scales : back with more or le«» distinct browniiih cross-blotches ; flus browuisb, uot luucb rod ; tbtt dorsal blat^klab at tip : size smallest : length loss ibau a foot cervix i. m, 12. By thin, not infolded aud "A-s^P^"> forming a narrow, creecent-sbaped border aroiiud tlie mandible. k. Head small, 5 times in leugth: muzzle promiueut, but loss so than in J/. ooregoHUs : mouth moderate : bock ft little eU'valtrd: depth about 3i in length: dorsal rays 12 to 14, itu free border often incised : scales 6-4&-6 : colora- tion very pale ; lower fins white: siice Urge; reAohee ft weight of four poands or more alouk, 13. kk, HOftd stout, as in M. velatHm, rather long, 4 in lougth, flattiih above, muzzle truncate, not ver>- prominent: month moderate: back eluvated: dorsal lin long, of 14 or 1& rays: sea-gr«eu above; white below; lower flus white TIIALA88IMUM, 14. iodblded, /^-shaped when viewed from below, with a distinct modiao crvasi% in which the two halves of the lip meet, fiirmiug an acute augle : mouth stnalL L Donial l»rgo, with 1(1 (Ki lo 17) developed rays. N. Uody stoot, deep, compressed, the back elevated, Ibe depth 3 to 4 in length: head short, heavy, finttish and brood above, thick through the cheeks, U| to 4| in length : eye rather large, midway in head, 4 to Sin it« leugth : muzzJe rntbt^r prominent, bluntiAh, nvvrhanging the vury small mouth : tins very large : dorsal long and btgb, ita height five-sixths the length of the head: pectorals niMirly reachiug veutruls- oolor ailvory, amoky above ; lower fins nxl : akzo large vklatum, 15. '.zie^ -s-zz. -vm^ It SUIT foim al«f Atl 3*.~ri -cnr^i" iiififent .- ..RDOaSLl «. 3csto. '-T' -fTatT iOitixr "i .a jstucsh : maziJc «■ ji - _ j.-T-.;*-- -.aif jry-tiiai "je T«y sua ■■! •i'.~-r- «~~u ;iiniDh«uiu -thaila abore: W z-.- TXTt- «2e «uQ. conGosn _;. 3*.*: 7 :' icT.aranTeiv itoac, Uw dotaal iq 9.tz.'- -pz^^ '.■x-^Ltti Mxd Toaadedf tbe d( >:.-j i»:«:a: I jx leDj^h. the h«ki »boQ< iiizir -sf-: :a£Ct^r Ur^e. higb ap anU weU bi '::>r ;.rri-.r-.::^ jpace being loof^r thao ic ''.i-.^f.r <)p*:n:e?t : top of head daf: : dorul ra; :<i II: *cAleM rather large, d-4-i-o: lipi i i*.h.*:loii^i, deeply incised : color bilrery; b -x-'b -TTioky abadiog; lower fina whit«: lar^ft-f rt:af:Lefi a length of aboat two feet PAPILLOSm, :i MVXOSTOMA CWiVIO {Valenciennes) Jordan. t arp Afutlrt. IVhitr Lnh: MulUt. I I I .•/...f.imii-i i.nin,* V M I MirNMlM, CllV. (»t Vlll. Ilwt. Xut. ll08 PoiflS. XTli, 457, I.I. • f '■' .it/'i.' SlulM It, S.MiniMiM, I'Jt;, I"*!!!. I'r-.' tiiMin 1!. I 'ill. I-'ishi'!* Hri!. Must. vii. 'JO, 1568. ' 'v ^. ...•<;■»,' »i'i'i . I'lof. Am. IMiiKw. Sttc. IMtila. 47(i. l!?70i, I .>, \ 'fiffita. .,ii »',.• .liMit'iN, rttlitvi vi lud. *.*sJl» l^TC*. ^Xamo oiUj.) UTX08T0HA EUBYOPS. 119 earpio Jobdan, Man. Vert. 296, 1876. IkntaimM emrpio Nelson^ Ball. No. 1, Ills. Mns. Nat. Hist. 49, 1876. ArrlsiM emrpio Jordan & Cofkland, Cfaeok List, 157, 1876. (Name only.) Maatotioma earpio Jokdan &, Gilbkrt, ia Klippart'u Rept. Fish Comm. Ohio, 53, ltf77. (Name oaly.) Mfxottama earpio Jobdam, Mau. Vert. E. U. S. od. 2cl, M2, 1878. HittTAT. — Great Lake Begion aud oorthward. Also iu the Obto River. } litis species is apparently not very common, and its distribution is I pMbibly chiefly northward. | have obtained bat one living specimen, ifae large oae, from Lac des Buttes des Morts, in Northeastern Wis- Miiii. This specimen in life was extremely pale and silvery, its fins .Mag ncMie of the orange coloration common to most of the species. M.Wfpio is related to AT. macrolepidotum, bat the mach greater develop- mt«f the dorsal will always distingaish it. i^pcciai«ii« IN United States National Museum. Loc»lity. 11793 ' CineiDDati, Ofalo imi I Alpena, Hicb. (lAke Haron) laaSO I CinciDDati, Ohio ISOl 1 Cincinnati, Ohio US93 I Cincinnati, Ohio — Marietta, Ohio. Collector. J, W. Milner. J. W. Miluer. J. W. Miluer. J. W. Miluer. J. W. Milner. Prof. Andrews. 4. MYXOSTOMA EURYOPS Jordan. Sttub-nomd Sucker. Va^TeretmluM enr^ops Jordan &. Copkland, Check List, 157. (Name only.) JlfxMtoina euryopn JORDAN, Aun. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. xi. 34H, 1877. JfyxM/oMd euryopt Jordan, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 312, lb78. HisnAT. — Alabama River. This Hpecies is still known only from the type-specimen obtained in UTcjoy^s Creek, a small tributary of Oostanaula Kiver, a few miles •wth of Home, Ga. The species is most nearly related to Jf. macrole^- ^M, and it is barely possible that the type-specimen is a monstrosity rfthat species. The peculiurities of the mouth, and the fact that the Xits of the bead seem to be normally developed, lead me to consider it tenet q»eciee. 120 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOKTH AMEBICAN ICHTHTOLOGY— BI. 6. MTXOSTOMA MAOKOLBPIDOTUM {Le Sueur) Jarta Common Bed Hvne. Mullet. White Sucker. Large-^odlei Stuktr, a. Subspecies maorolepidotutn, l&17—Cato8tomvs macrolepidotvs Le Sueur, Jonm. Ac. Nat. So. Pbila. 1, 94. Caio8tamu9 macrolepidotua DeEay, New York Fanoa, part ir, FUliflS, SOS; 1841 Caiostomutmacrohjndotus Cvvizn & Yalbncibnnes, Hist. Nat. de8poi«0Di,XTii,| 447, 1844. , Catoatomus macrolepidotua Sto»er, Sy uopsis, 420, 1846. Pti/chostomtta macrolepidotua Agassiz, Ana. Joani. Sci. Arta, 2d series, xix, 9N, 1855. Plychoatomua mticrolepidotua Cope, Froc. Am. Philos. Soo. Pfaila. 475, 1870. Ptifckoaiomus macrolepidotua Joiedan, Fishes of lod. 231, 1875. (Name only.) Moxostoma macrolepidoium Joni>AX, &Ian. Vert. 296, 1676. Teretulua macrolepidoium Nelson, Bull. No. 1, Ills. Mas. Nat. Hist. 49, 1876. Catostomua macrolepidotua Uuler & Lugger, Fishes of Mar^-land, 140, 1876. Teretulue macrolepidotua Jordan &, Copkland, Check List; x, 157, 1876. (Nioe only.) Moxoatoma macrolepidota Joicdan &. Gilbert, id Klippart'a Kept. 53, 1876. (Nhh only.) Myxoatoma macrolepidota Jordan, Man. Vert. £. U. S. ed. 2d, 313, 1878. 1842— Cafo«fomu9 oneida DeKay, New York Fauna, part iv, Fishes, 198. Catostomua oneida Stoker, Synopsis, 425, 1846. PiychoHtomuH oiifida Copk, I'roc. Am. Philoa. Soc. Phila. 476, 1870. Iri70— /V^rAoJs/omua robuHtm Cope, Froc. Am. Philos. Soc. PhiU. 473. Tvretuhta rohuatus Jordan &. Copei.and, Check List, 157, 187G. (Name only.) 187G — PtychoHtomiiH congefitua CoPE it Yahrow, Lieutenant Wheeler's Expl. W. lOOtU MtT. V, GHO, 1H76. (Not of Girard.) ILviiiTAT. — North Carolina to Vermont, and northwestward through the Great L«k' Region iiiul tliu Upper MisKiybip])! — the only form of the species occurring east of tb' Alleghany Mountains. (AIho in Arizona }) b. Subspeeies lachrytuale (Cope) Jordan. Iti70—Pt !/chotttomuH lachrymalis Copk, Froc. Am. Philos. Soc. Phila, 474. TtrelitJtiH liichrymalia Joki>an & Copkland, Check List, 157, 1876. (Name onl3 MtjjoHtoma duqucsiiii var. lachrtf malts Jordan, Aud. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. xi, ^ 1-77. MijTOHtoma macrolepidota var. lachrymalia Jordan, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 313, 1676Li Habitat.— North Carolina to Alabama. c, Suhupccies dttqueanci (Le Sueur) Jordan. 1817 — Catostomufi duqucmii Lk Sueur, Joiirn. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila. 105. CatostomnH duqueauii UAFiNK.sguE, Ich. Oh. »t(), IH20. CaloatomuM duqueanii Kirtland, liept. Zool. Ohio, 168, 1838. Catostomua duqitcsnii DeKay, Now York Fauna, part iv. Fishes, 203, 1643. MTX08T0MA MACROLEPn)OTUM. 121 Suqvfwnii Ct.'viKK &. Valcnctknxrs, llist. Nat. dea Toitigonii, xvfl, OftHMiw* dnqumHil Kiktland, OostoD Joan>. Kat. Hist, v, 2G8, 1845. fltftMCMiii* dttt^umnii 8Toi(Elt, Synopaiit, 42',\, LH46. tlldi9$t<fmu» duqtusnik Aga(4«iz, Am. Joom. So. Arttf/2d series, xix, 304, 185&. rcbu/oMiu duquranii GCnthkii, Cttt. FisbiM Brit. Mub. vii, 18. 18Ua TiTriii/u Juijufwnri Coi% Juurn. Ac. Nat. .Sn. Philn. £1*!, 1H4P^. f^|(AMtom«Jt dutjufmii CopK, Proc. Am. Pbilos. Soe. Pliila. 470, 1H70. Ftft^Umtu* ilmjuetiHci JoRDA?*, Bull. Btifriilo Soc. Nat. Uwt. »5, 1876. JEmttewa duifutgnii JuHttAS, Man. Vurt. '.».% 1876. rcMoaiw dvf HWRki L'ulkk iV LuuOKii, FiabeH of Maryland, IW, 1H76. UwtMtws ifH^aAMJi Neuvkn, BuU. No. 1, IIU Mu&. Nat. UU. 4^, 1870. AntelM tfa^unrnii Jorhan A: CnPELA>'i>, Che«k List, 1.'>7, lt^l>. (Name only.) JhnMtowa daf/Kcanei Jokdav Ac Gilbert, iu Klippurt'tt Rapt. &3, 1870. (Name oolj.) ITliM'oaM ^«9M>Miii JuKDAN, Ann. Lyo. Nat. Hist. N. Y. Xi, 349, 1K77. ifUfVAH Joiu>AN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Muh. ix, 'S7, ln^T. macroffpidota var. dHqu<iini Juudan, Man. Vurt. cd. 2d; p. .113, I67d. <r|r(ftrunf«, KiVi^fEsquK, Am. Montfa. Mag. and Crlt. Rov. 354. itu rrytkruma RAVlNKfiijUK, Icli. Oh. 59, l&'O. trstkrurvM KiutlaNI>, R»-pt. Zool. Obio, 168, 1B3H. rifckMlQmm* erjithntnu COPR, Proo. Am. PhUoB. Soc Plitln. 474, 1870. ^getmMomtu rry/Amru* J«>kda>', FwbtfH of Iiid. '221, 1875. (Name only.) Shwtolw trjflhrurut .Ioi(I>a.\ & Coi-klanp, Cbcok Liat, 1&7, 187C. (Name oDly.) mtlmutiu KA»iNJC64jt:K, Icb. Ob. 51. TAT.— Obio Valley. Upper Mi wtBtippi Hirer aud aoolbward; most abondaut ! WiMxmatn to Georgia. ExamioaUou of a very lurge senesof ^^MuUct" ami **R«d Horse" frm rarioas parU o( the couutry has lod me to tbe coDclusion, at first Mbet auexpected, tliat all tbe rarioas forms includetl iu lUe above ■SMoyiny belotig to one widely diffused aud somewbat variable species. Tbe "Malk^t" of tli*^ lukes and ut' Kusteru PfuiiHylvania Hppeani geu- tnlly to differ iu tbo more elevated and compressed body, shorter, ha^^ bead^ aod browuisb or bmssy ratlier tbau silvery colonition. ff«|intM.-tjt)t the getnTtil tendency of ^^vav. macroleplfiotmn^; but of ^^duquctinri^ ciiu \m found which will matcli the average fotum in each of these respects. The form wliich I have iden- flkd with Profesaor Oiipe's hiehrt^viatc is to some oxU^ut iutormcdiate, tbe additional |»einiliarity of smalU^r scales. In this rH8|>ectf r,oeeasioual iudividualu, both of duqueanei and of viaviotephUttumj b« fonad which approach it. iohabitingtbo waters of the eastern aud uortheru ports ot ibo liii duie« Is I he variety macrohpidotum. It is sold commouly as a foo<l- 122 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICUTUYOLOGV III. fish in tbe winter aud epring iu tbe marketa of WasbiDgtou und Pbilade pbia, as well us iu tbe luurkets of tboHe cities in tbe West whicb are suf plied by tbe fisheries of tbe Great Lukes. It is probably mneb luo abiinduut in Lake Erie than M* aureolum is, and it ha^ beeu fre<|ueiit\ confounded with tbo latter species. I once obtained two specime eaub of nearly twelve pounds weight, in tbe Fox River in Wisconsin. In the Ohio Eiver and its Iributariea, and in the rivers of tbe Scut west geueraUy, tbe var. duqutsnii is tbe prevailing form. This variety is more delicately colored than the other, the silvery lustre of tbe scalf is more strongly marked, and the red of tbe fins is rather more vivi This form, too, is valued soiuewbac as a food-rtsh, although tbe fles' like that of all the Suckers, is comparatively coarse, tasteless, aud full i bones. The variety dvque^nei is everywhere known by the curious nacular name of **Bed Horse", a name possibly to be accounted for b; tbe color of the f^ns aud the form of the head. This variety also grow to a large size. The variety lackrymale I only kuow from specimens obtained in Etc wab Kiver, Georgia, iu company with the variety <iuqu€snei, Nothi distinctive was noticed iu regard to its habits. The lied Horse prefer rather deep, clear water, seldom ascending ver small streams, and then chiefly in tbe spawuiug seasou — iu May — a which time they may be fouud in great abuudauce iu any rapid of river or a creek, or below a mill-pond. They are generally caught b nets, traps, or snares, but will frequeutly bite at ft hook baited with wonn. In tbe confinement of au aquarium, tbe Ited Horse are not very hardj Foul water kills them at once. iSynonymA. — Tbe earliest name given to a Bed Horse is that of C< [u« macroIepUhlus Le Sueur. The specilic uauie macrolepviotun qif therefore be retained for this species. Tbe specilic name oneida^ glv by DeKay to an individual from Oneida Lake, Kew York, doubU« belongs here, as the var. macrol^idvittm is the only member of genus known to inhabit that part of New York, aud there are uosorioi discrepancies iu tbe rather poor description. Pti/ciu>iitomu8 rohusluM Cope may possibly be diiferent; but as its d scriber has failed to note any distinctive chanicters which I eonsidi likely lo be permanent, I am cx>nipelled to refer it here. It la from Y» kin River in North Carolina. A Ptychostommi citHgtt»tu4 is deacribed I Cope and Yarrow from Arizona. It is probably not Girard*s siK'scies i kiKl 1 »n] uuuble to diHtiuguiah it from typii'al macroUpidoUtm^ aitbnogfa ih« month ia rather small, more ]ikc that of aurcohm. 1 b»re ideniided cerlaiu specimena with Profesaor Cope's /*. lachrymale vftb a 1Utl4^ iloiiht, 06 the points of difiereutiation nbieh I iioticti' aro uot ibocv rmphafiizeil by ProtesBor Cope. The original t yiwa, which 1 believe tR DOW lost, were from the Netise Kiver in North Carolina. In dei*crib- rinijt this ft|H')Cie«, ProressorCopo remarks, ^' This species is quite near the lut {P. erythrvniA) ariil may at some future time be shown to be a local nrietj of it, but in this caso P. maeroltpidotutf must follow also." Tbft eynouyms of var. tluqiiesnei may now be noticed. Of these, ihr doly odd of importance is that of Catoatomua erythrurus UafiueHqne, nooiUy rcoogDized by Professor Cope as a species distiuct from P. infiwmitf. Tbt! presetice of tea ventral rays in duqua/nii^ as conti'asted with nine tnil r.iys in eryHiruntSy is the chief point on which Professor Co[»e to tliHtiugoish the two species. He also ttnds the month rather inferior in duquesHti, and the scales rather smaller, 7-4^7, instead ■r 5-4:2-4. lo reganl to the number of ventral rays, my experience is that in every uf the geoDS the normal number is ni/i'?, but that ten-rayed iilottin occur iu tht* proportion of about one in tweuty in any of the E«. I have [weu specimous of duqucimii with nine rays on one side ten OD the other. 1 have therefore discarded all consideration of ber of ventral rays as a specific character. In regard to the of acalett in the lateral line, the usual number iu most of the i^ecivii Ls 43 to 44; but of every species iu which I have bcH>n enabled loesamiDu a large series of individuals, I have found a range extend- iDK frtioi 42 to 40. I have seen tenrayed specimens of duquennci with . and nine-rayed erythruri with small ones. Within the limit . Ui*^reroro do not consider the number of scales us a pcrma- 311 specific character. The greater prominence of the muzzle in dnqiuft- AAobAerved by Professor Cot>e, is perhaps accidental or individual. At 3" 'N, It is tOi^ nncertuiu a feature to base a species on. Iji 't« NKf^fiuru^ of HaQuesqne is, as 1 have elsewhere shown, pmbobly a yoang Ued Morse, with a dusky-shaded dorsal and caudal, «hkh tluic ucato, but saperlicial, observer mistook for a species of Dace. 124 CONTBIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — JU, Specimens in TTnited States National Museum. Namber. Locality. CoUector. 7995 Var. macrolepidoium. 8754 "Probably North Carolina" 9056 1063 L PotoniBO RiTor ... _ _ ......................... J. W. Hilner. 10682 PotoiD&o Ri vor ....... . .... ....■■.-«■■■->.... J. W. Milaer. 10689 Potomac River - .. ............................ J. W. Milner. 11106 Potomac River . ...... ■•.... ...... ...... .... .... J. W. MUner. 12316 Potomac River ............ ...........■.-.*.... J. W. Milner. ' 12317 Potomac River ...... .......... ... ...... ............ J. W. Milner. 12318 Potomao River J. W. Milner. 12319 Potomac River J. W. Milner. 16755 Ash Creek, Arizona ("oonj^esfiM") Dr.J.T.Rockrot 18251 Potomao River ............................. G. B. Goode. 18253 Potomac River ...- ....... G. B. Goode. 18254 Potomac River ...... G. B. Goode. 18255 Potomac River ...... ,. - G. B. Goode. 18256 Potomac River ...................................... G. B. Goode. 18257 Potomao River G. B. Goode. 19451 Potomac River J.W. Milner. 20230 S. F. Balrd. 20263 Nebraska, Pacific Railroad Survey Governor Steve 30278 " Brooklyn" J. C. Brevoort. 8025 Var. duquesnii. Yellow Ctceky Ohio S. F. Baird. 8526 10794 Cincinnati, Ohio J. W. Milner 12268 Cincinnati, Ohio J. W. Milner. 12269 Cincinnati, Ohio J. W. Milner. 12272 Cincinnati, Ohio J. W. Milner. 20040 Cumberland River, TennesBee . ...._............... A. Winchell. 20075 20773 Normal, Illinois.... ...... ...... ...... ...... ._.. ...... S. A. Forbes. 6. MYXOSTOMA AUREOLUM {Le Sueur) Jordan. Golden Red Horse. Lake Mullet. 1817— Catostomus aureolus Le Sueur, Joum. Ac. Nat, Sci. Phila. i, 95. Catoatomua aureolus Kirti,akx>, Rept. Zool. Ohio, 168, 1838. Catostomus aureolus Kirtland, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist, iii, 349, 1840. Catostomus aureolus DbKay, New York Fanna, part iv, Fishes, 901, 164S. MYXOSTOUA AUBEOLUM. 125 tt\mtamma wntolut Stokku. Sjaopela, 420, ld4ft. (Mmbmuu nrco/vf Aqabsiz, Lake 8ap<uior, 1157, 1350. PlftiMlomua aurtottut Agamiz, Am. Joarn. 8u. ArT8, 2^1 Bories, xix, 904, IH6fi. /^|MiMlMiu« aHrro/H/i Pittkam, Bull. Mua. Comp. Zool. 10, 1863. hfiitmUmut autrolw CoPK, Proo. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pbila. 265, 1854. ItUntomMt aurcoluM OCMilKa, Cat. riitfaeit Brit. Mas. vii, 16, lB6d. (In partf dMcnptton nppnretttly copied uod coofaaed.) IffciuMtmmM aamtta» CoPE, Proc Am. Fbilo«. Soc. I'hila. 476, 16r70 Jl$n4tvmii avrtvUtm JoitDi^ , Mnu. Vert. 205, 1870. T^9t9im»€mrtolitm Nklih»n. Bait. N'o. 1, I11&. Muh. Nat. HiBt. 49, lB7ti. TintefM «urt«fii« J(>iU)A.v i CoPKi-AND.CliccIt List, 107, 187tt. (Nnmo only.) Jhrnttoma aurtola ^ unit as S:. Gilrkut/ui Kliiipiirt's Rept. 53, 1876. (Name oaly.) Hfnabma aitrrottt JouHAy , Man, Vert. E. U. 8. ed. 2d, 314, ISTtt, ICtt-''«f»roniiu trwvenrii KiL'tUKHSUN. Fraiiklio'd Journal, 77'^, IH^iS. 1^*-C)iynii»* [fatoAtomuM) nHinrti UicUAnDso.N, Fmin. Bi>r.-Am. Fiahes, pp. 118,303| C9io0tomuM Btienni Cr%'. A Vai... Hist. Nut. dca PoImsoub. x\ ii, 4«J5. 1844. foftodmiu tunirt DkKat.Nkw Yoik F»unn, part iv,Fii»hi!a,203, 1*4'^ i'ttMtomua tururii STORBK, SyDOiwis, 4S5, 1M6. hfriiOMUfmut wueurii CoPK. Proc. Am. PLilofi. Soo. Phllo, 477, 1870. 7fn/«/tt* »¥*urii JiiiiPAA- & CovrUtyit, Check Liat, 157, 187(i. (Name ouly.) hm^Cmmtomum muarolryidotuB QVsrnutt, Cat. Fidbea Brit. Mtut. vii, 18, 1^08. (Exal. ip). pari. Not uf Lo Saear.) JbtatAT. — Oreftt I^aku Begiou, Upper Mitwoarl and Ohio VaUoyB,and northward.' Ais itp^:ieH iH very closely related to tbe In.st, aiul mny posnibly be a Tari«*iy of it, Hfii specimens of rar. macrolepidoium oftfn occur vrliicU ure ■trb difficulty distinguisbed from it. Id gcneralf liowvvcr, tbe eiunllcr bnd, mnaller month, and deeper body of aureolum Hnfficteutly dintin- |ttUb thorn. Tin's .species Is leas abundant tban macrolepidoium ^ and ib <p(areDCly morv northerly in its dtstriboUon. It has been well lignred VrDeEuy. Tbe nynonymy of this npecies needs no special remark. It seems jS^Ule tisst C lexunirii belongs bei-e, iillhouKh the statement that "At muzzle projects an inch beyond the tnonth^ in a Rpeciineu 19 twk« long, if correct, would indicate difference. The name ** k Hueurii^ niltna gireiii iind afterwards chaut^ed to"«Kffum"on the ground that fltwtkle **ie" i« not an integral part of Le Sueur's name. 126 CONTHIBDTION8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOIiOGT— III. Spe<HiHfn$ in Vnited States JiaHonal Mtaeum. Nuiubcr. Locality. Collector. 775C 11074 UlOl 12267 12394 12446 204272 Carlisle, Pa Sanduukyi Ohio ...... Sandasky , Ohio CiDCmnati,Ohio Cincinnati, Ohio £corse, Mich Root River, WiscoDBin 8. F. Baird. J. W. Hilner. J.W.MUner. J.W.Milner. J.W.Milner. J.W.Milner. S. F. Baird. 7. MYXOSTOMA CRASSILABEE {Cape) Jordan. Thick-lipped MuUct. 1670 — Pljfcho$tomu8 cnutilahria Cufe, Proo. Am. Philos. 8oe. Philo. 477, 1870. TeretuluB crassUahrig Jordan & Cofei^nd, Check List, 157, ld76. (Name onljr.) Myxoatoma oraesilabria Jordan, Man. Yert. ed. 2d, 314, 1876. Habitat. — ^Nenso River, North Carolina. Tbi.s species is known only from Professor Cope's description. It appe.srs to be distinct from M. aureolum^ which is probably its nearest relative. Nothing bas been noted in regard to its habits. 8. MYXOSTOMA CONUS (Cope) Jordan. Long-nosed Mullet. 1870 — PtffchoBtomuB connt, Cofk, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. Phila. 478. Ttretulus conun, Jordan &. Copeland, Check List, 157, 1876. (Name only.) Myxostoma conns, Jordan, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 314, 1878. This species is also known only from Professor Cope's account. There appears, however, to be no room for doubt as to its specific distinction. As stated by Professor Cope, " this flsli represents the P. coregonm in the section with fully-developed lips." It is taken in large numbers in the Yadkin River, " with Pt, oollapsus, Pt, rohttstuSy etc., but is of less value than they." 9. MYXOSTOMA ANISURA (Rajinejtque) Jordan. Long-tailed lied Horse, 1820— CatostoniM anlBuriu RafiNbsqub, lohtbyologia Ohiensis, 54. Myxotioma anina^ JoitDASf Man. Vert. ed. Sd, 315, 1678. MYXOSTOMA ANI8UEA. 127 )3tO~Pt0cko9tomM9 frrertogM Cope, Prnc. Am. Philos. Soc. Pbila. 478. JWrtMtut hreriofpB Jordan & ConttASD^ Check List, 157, 1876. (Name only.) Mnotlcma hrericepa Jordan & Gilbert, in Klippart's Kept. 53, 187G. (Name only.) Mfxmtowut hrevicepB Jordan, Ball. U. S. Nat. Mas. 9, 50, 1877. {N^ame only.) HiBrTAT. — Ohio Valley and Great Lakra. This species, first described by Rafioesqae in 1820, has been entirely lost sight of by succeeding writers, and I, doubting the existence in the Ohio Biver of a species characterized by the marked inequality of the caudal lobes, hare hitherto followed Dr. Kirtland in using the name tnumra for the fish recently named collapsus by Professor Cope. Some qifcimens lately examined by me from the Ohio Biver hare shown the existence of a fish corresponding rery closely to Bafinesque's account, ud which really has the inequality of the caudal fin, on which be lays Mich emphasis, and which suggested the name anisurua (unequal-tail). This fish appears to be the same as that to which Professor Cope has giren the name of hrevicepn. Professor Cope had, howerer, but a single speeimen, in poor condition, and did not notice the falcation of the candal, or, more likely, that fin was not preserred iutact. I hare, some time since, examined Professor Cope's type, preserre<l in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences, at Philadelphia, and believe it to be identical with 3f. anisura Baf. The form of the head and foody and <tf the mouth are similar in the two, and the dorsal in both is simi- lirly falcate. This 8i>ecies resembles aureolum in erery respect, except that the dorsal fin is shorter, and derated or falcate in front, the free border being deeply incised, and that the candal tin is similarly elongated, the apper lobe being much the longer and greatly attenuated. The following are the measurements of three specimens : 10,788, from Sandosky, and 12,207 and 12,294 from Cincinnati. The fractions indi- cate percentage of the length to the base of the caudal : — 128 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOETH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ^III. Measurementa of three epecimena of Myxostoma aniaura. 10788. Lenj^th, inches Depth Len^h of head Width of interorhital area .... Leugth of snout Eye Length of base of dorsal Height of longest ray of dorsal. Heightof last ray of dorsal .... Length uf upper caudal lobe... Leugrh of lower caudal lobo... Length of middle caudal rays.. Dorsal rays Scales 21 .28 .18 .08 .07i .05 .15i .22 .10 .31 .36 .13 2,13 6-46-5 12267. 8f .27 .17 .14* .22 .29 .25 2,12 6-45-« um. lOJ ,26 .18 ,16 231 .31 .8S 3,13 It is perhaps barely possible that this fish is the male of aureolwm at a certain age, bat it seems to me decidedly improbable. The resem- blance between the two is, however, very strong, and, except for Uio fins, they eonld hardly be distingnished. Specimena in United States Xational Museum. Number. Locality. Collector. K)Or> 10788 Sandusky, Ohio J. W. Milner. 111 Of) Cincinnati, Ohio. ............................. . . X W Milner. 11107 Cincinnati, Ohio ..,, J. W. Milner. 11108 Cincinnati, Ohio -- J. W. Milner. J 10. MYX09TOMA P(ECILUUA Jordan. Varkgated-taHcd Red Horse. 1S77 — Myxostoma pcccilura Jordan, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mns. x, 66, 1877, JUi/j-ostoma pacilura Jordan, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 315, 1878. Hadita r. — Tangipahoa Kivcr, Suutbeasteru Louisiana. This singular species is known only from two specimens in the United States National Mnseum, recently collected by Mr. Fred. Mather, of the United States Fish Commission. Whether the peculiar form and coloration of the candal is general or is confined to the male sex is not certain. In any event, it will serve to sharply disiingnish this species from all the others now known. In other respects, it most approaohet if. tnacrolepidotum laohrymale. MYXOSTOMA CERVINUM. ^jpMrivirM ill United State* National Mwsrum. 129 kimWr. Locality. Collector. *M»^ Tao^paboa Blvor, LoniftiaDft......... Fred^MftUier. XL MYXOSTOMA ALBIDUM (Oirard) Jordan. SmaU'weaJed Red ffone, alHAu Qiaunn, Proo. Ac. Nnt. Sci. Thlla. 172. offrtdw Oirard, U. S. Mex. BoDDd. Sarv. Ichth. 36, pi. xlx, f 5-6^ 1650. TrrH«tuti atbidvs JoitDAN A. Cofelako, Cheek List, 1&7, liS7Q. (Kftiuo only.) Mgtmt^ma alhldum Jordan, Man. Tert. K. U. S. 315, 1878. ^AT^— Bio San Jnaii, uvar MuuUTey, New Leon, in Mexico. tprcieft is known ouly from Girard^s figure aud description. No \i uf tbc lips is given, but the moatb is said to be a " great deal '' tban in Jf. congcstum. The description is trivial, but the figure. Its alt OoiTPCt, represents a species qnite unlike our other members of Hetitni ; the chief character being the much smaller size of tlie scales, in tbe description ore merely stated to be ** smaller than in con- '. Tbe «i)ccies may possibly belong to some section of the genus tluiD tbe oue in wbicb it is here placed. The original types. No. U. S. Nat. Masenm, from Rio San Juan, near Monterey, Xew Leon, no longer to be found. 12. MTX08T0MA CERVINUM {Cope) Jordan, Jmm}t-rQok», Jumping Mullet, i—Tentmlaw orrrimif CoPE, Journ. Ac. Nat. ReL Phlla. 336. Ftfdmli^maM etrtinua CupK, Pmc. Am. riiilos. 8oc. Phlln. 478, 1970. JtfinwfMva oFrrtBum JoiiDAN. &tnn. Vert. liiOS, 1K7C. 7frf*ilM errrintu Jo&bAH A Copela.ni>, Check List, 157, 1S7G. (Nuiue ocly.) ctrrlmum Jokdas, Ann. Lyo. Nat. Hist. N. Y. xi,3rw, 1H77. fwreiaum Jouuss, Mali. Wrt. E. U.S. ed, 2d, Ma, 1^78. iu* duijufMttii urxTHRR, Cot. Fi«beft Brit, Mas. vii, 483. (Not of Le Saruff Dor ol p, 19.) 'RASnAT.— Riven of llie Roolh AlUutio Slotcs, from the James to the Chattahoochee. Thit t« a strongly marked and very abundant species, tbe sojaUest of ffeavs, and one of the amallest of the Catostomidaj. It occurs in tbe *Tw» ■pecimeiifl, types of the apeoloa. BttHy. M. yo. 12-9 130 CONTHIBUTION8 TO NORTH AMEEICAN ICHTUYOLOGY III. greatest nbamluoce in the Bwiit Btreaois of tbe Bouth, frequcntin| especially the rapids or "shoals", and often thi'owiug itself from th4 water iu its endeavors to reach some higher rockpool. It is too smal and the tlesh spoils too quickly to be much valued for food, bat grea4 mimberti are caught for " iun " by negroes and boys. The largest 8i>ecl mens which I have seen were taken in the Chattahoochee, and are aboi ten inches in length ; ordinary individuals are four to six inches long. Spetitnent in United Stain Xntional ^fuwum, NiiinUer. Locality. Collei-tor. 7fia3 6SXt * 14904 Catawba River ^ -- - - - - E. D. Cope D. R..Ionla«. D. 8. Jonlau. i I Ocinnlgee Rivor Sdliida River........ _ Chattahoochee Rivor D. S. Jonlan. P 13. MYXOSTOMA ALBUM {Cope) Jordaiu White MttJM. 187&— P/^rA08romit« atlmt CoPX, Proc Am. Philos. Sac. Fbilm. 473. Tnttulu9 rtUmn JnitDAN Sc Coi*eLANt>, Check Lial« 15tf, ItJTC. (Name only.) Myjontoma alba JoithAN, Mao. Vert. t*i1. 3(1, au>, Ih7t4, HABTfAT. — CatAwba and other riven of KoBteni North Caioliao. Tliis Species is well marked by the peculiar form of the under li| which is quite small — a narrow, regular crescent following the bonndi of the mandible, not full, as in the species previously noted, nor witi the sides foldiu^ so as to meet ou the middle line, as in the remaininj 6i)ecie8 (excepting thalaMJtinum). Specimens from ^ortb Carolina in tfaj Katioual Museum corres|>oud well to Professor Cope's description, exce| that tlie back is rather more elevatpd than one would infer from l*i fess<»r Copers remarks. The dorsal rays are 12 and 13 instead of 1^ The following are the measnreuieuts of two of them, 18,535 and 14,1 both from Kinston, N. C. :— 'Typoa. MYXOSTOMA TRALA89INnM. iiSmMnrtmemU 0/ twn upet.imrnH nf Afj^roa/owa albntn. 131 tc«0h«iDrbas HvfU (iMatCMitago of lenj^th to boae uf cftada]) LM|CUi«r bflftd Wl&'h of inCrrortittAl mv% iltnf Hiioat twtot orUi (4 liwf or tlonal of ilorvAl aflMt my of dorsal of outer caadal rays of mtUille caudal raya igth <kf peotoniU itHT of ilafsftl rays 1S035, 14913. 13 114 .38 .30 .20 .30 .10 .10 .04 .10 .17 .fid .1^1 .09 .S4 ,S4 .21 2,13 2,13 C-4&-5 Hms (brm ia elliptical, not inucli comprease<l, bnt rather elevated, jDsewbataa iu^Viwjfcon nm^ita, DeadHbort niul stout, liluntisb, broad, roooded above; moaLh somewhat ioferior ; the pliocu of tbe lips few rather broken ; dorKHl tin high, its free bordvr somewhat concave; lal aUoiigly forked; color luNtrous white, with greenish reflections. This is one of the largest species, reaching the wei^bt of foiu* pounds vnocc I^rofeA!M>r Cope states that it is much valued as a food-fish by pecple HriDg in the neighborhood of Catawba Kiver, where it is known atthcWbltia Mallet. f^tdiniiM in Cnittd StaUu yational Mmeum, ^. Locality. Collector. Ntirlb Carolina ... G B Ooodc. 1 ^%J^ Klii*l«i, N. C-.... G. B Goodc ItBO Sarlli C-orolina ... G. B. GuimIp. IVTf 1 RtDcton, N.C J.W.Mthipr. wan ', Nurlli GazuUna ... G. B, Qoodo. 1 li. MYXOSTOMA THALA88INUM {Cope) Jordan, Green ^^HUet, •F^tAofftoma* lAaf/Mrfftim Cors, Proc. Adi. PblloB. Soc. Pbihi. 4?2, 1870. /WffalM thaUmmttua J*mvAH di CoPEl.wn>, CIhm k Liat, 158, IWO. (Name ouIy.> M$mmt»ma tkaicatHta Jordan, Mao. Vert. cd. 2d, 310, 1A78. ■unar^Yadkin Ulvac. 132 CONTBinUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOT UI. I Uave not seeit Ibis species. From Professor Copers descriptioD^ \i would appear to be allied to M, aWumt bnt distingaishablo by tb( iouger head. It is » largo species, abundant in the Yadkiu River, wber it is used for food. 16. MYXOSTOMA VELATUM (Cope) Jordan. Snail-mouthed Red JIor»v. •Cato*ionuM anlsurut Kirtlakd, BoBtou Joum. Nftt. Uiet. t, 869 (with plate) (Not of RflliueAqno.) C'atoatofliuv anumm* 8T0REn, Synopsis, 424, 1B46. rt^luMtomvM aniiurvM Jobda», BdII. BufiiUo Soc. Nat HiBf. 04, 1870. (Nai only.) Moxo»t<ma animrHS Jojidak, Mad. Yert. ^^ 1B76. Tmlulu9 <JHi4Mru9 Nklson, Bull. No. 1, IIIb. Mns. Nat. Hiat. 49, 1876. Trrftulu$ nuiituruii .lorauN & CorKLANU, Clirck L\»t, Ifid, 1H76. (Name ouly.) Mi>£0»i<ma (infrirruni Jordan, Proc. Ac. Nut. Sc Phila. 72, 1^77. t^fivontoma aniHuntm JoitiiAN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pliilo. 80, li?77. Jloxoaloma anivurn Juiedan &. OlLBBJlT, io Klippart's Sept. 53, 1677. (Ni only.) Mjfxontoma anisura Joiedax, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mqb. Ix, 33, 1977. l^O—PftfchoBtomHB celalua Cope, Proc. Am. Philoa. Soc. Phila. 471. }fojvdtoma rcUitiim JonnAX, Man. Vert. 29(1, IS7l). Tirelulua rrlatum Nki.8on, Bnl). No. 1, IIU. Mna. Mat. Hist. 49, 1976. Trretuiut rr^dlu* JoitDAK & Copkuinv, Cbeck Liat, 15^, lii76. (Naine only.) IfoccMloffM rttata Jouvxs iV Gildi£KT, lu KliitpartV R«pt. 53, 1676. (NanM onlyj MjfXMtoma vtlata .Tordan, Man. Vert. ed. 3il, 317, 187H. 1670— rr^AM/omtu eoltap4iu Cope, Proc. Am. Pbilos. Sue. Phila. 47L Habitat. — Upper Miasiasippi Valloy to Georgia and South Carolina. Neuae, Yi Cntaivbn, Clinch, Yoagbiogbeny and Wabnsh Rivers {Cope). Chickamanga, 01 \Vaba.§li, Illinois, Bock, and Wisconsin Bivem (Jordan). Lake Eric (Jordan), This 8i)ecies is one of the most widely distributed species, aUbou] it does not seem to be as abundant in individuals as several othei There is considerable variation in foim among different speciuiens, bi all (he species with long dorsal fin and small ^shaped mouth app* to belong to one species, for which the name velatum should be ret.aiu< The finding of a species with unequal caudal lobes renders it ovidoi that the identification of Raflne8que*s aniHums with this species is ii correct. The name next in order is velatus Cope. The dilTerence if the size of the eye between colhpautf Cope and vclatwi Oope appears due to diCfereuce in age merely. Younger specimens have tbo eyj proiwrtionally larger. MYXOSTOMA PIDIENSE. 133 I did not flud nny specimeDS of this species id the United States latidiiA] Mctt^ata. The types of relatua and colhpHus, pro.8ervcd iu tbe m of the Academy of Kataral Sciences, at Pbiladelphiat T hare tined. 16L MYXOSTOMA CONGESTUM [Baird <£ Oirard) Jordan, Gihbou9 Sucker, •CaHmtommM c9»gmtu» Bairh dt Gii£aki>, Proc. Ac, Nat. 80. Pliila. ^. Fh/f^tmtomu9 amQatut Gih/lKD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Su. Phila. 172, 1B5G. ftpiii0atomiu congestua GiiijlRD, 1*. 6. Mcx. BonucL San*. Ichtb. 'JG, pL xxi, f. ISO. CtlMlvmiw oro^rnfN* Gt:NTiii:Rf Cut. Fisbeti Brit. Mus. vii, 10, l>^iS. Ttn^im confffatuM Johdah &. Coi'Klanu, Check List, 157, l^U. (Name only.) M$jnwipma wmg«$t« JortUAN, Mao. Vert. ed. 2d, 317, 187cJ. ■PUiekotUmu* bueco Col'K, Hayden'ti Gtol. Sorv. Wyoming, 1870, 437. TtrtttUm bueco JoitUAX 6l CopKtAKi>, Cbeok List, 157, lb76. (Name ouly.) HasnAT.^KatMHia to Texaa. Tb« ort^nal type of congestusy Ko. 171, tVom Itio Salado, Texas, col- ;lrd ID 1851 by Jobti H. Clark, seems to bare disappeared from the [lueQin. yo descriptioQ of the oioutb baa been giveu, except that it is vfty amalP. The ajn'oies, therefore, probably has a month similtir To of tclntumy aud, if so, is probably identical with the species since dorribed aa P, hucco by Professor Coi>e. I have not seen the type of htteco, andy ibi^refore, can only suggest the probable identity of the the matter ih likely to remain long unsettled, itseeius best to DDite them. "P. oongestuu^ Copo & Yarrow is certainly Btt this Hpeoiea; mare likely a form of 3/. macrolepidotum, 17. MYXOSTOMA PIDIENSE (Cope) Jordan. MuU€( qfthe Great Pedee. IU pidiemaU Cora, Proo. Am. PhiloA. Hoc. Phila. 471. 7eninim» pidiimM0 Jordan &. Copeland, Chuck List, 158, 1670. (Name ouly.) Mpmtt\mm pidim»i$ Jordan, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, :)17, IcQ'H. Hawtat,'— tinat Pede« River, North Carolina. Thitappeara to bo a slender species, resembling '^P. cerviniu iu color, 6*9, and sfzo". Professor Cope obtained it in the Yadkin River, t ^B^Dot Reeo it. No specimens are in the National Mnscam. 134 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOHTU AMEHICAN ICHTIiyOLOOY — IXL 18. MYXOSTOMA COREGONUS {Cope) Jordan, lituc MuVeL 1870 — Pttfchoatomu* corcgontts Copk, Prtjc. Am. Pbiloe. Soo. Pbila. 472. Tertluliu cvre^onas Joiti>AN A. CopeulM), Check List, lf»i^, 1876. (NiuDe only.) Mifxonloma cortgonuB Joui>AN, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 317, 1878. Haoitat. — Catawba aud Yadkin Rivers, North Caroliua. 1 bavo uot seen tbis species. Professor Cope slates tbat '^it neverj oxceedH a foot in length, and is very abundant iu the Catawba Yadkin Rivera. It is caught with the precediuiif two spetuea ami U8ed for food, but is the least valued of all the species. It is called Morgautou, Blue Mullet" There are uo specimens iu the Natioui Museum. 19. MYXOSTOMA PAPILLOSUM (Cope) Jordan, Papilh»e AfvUel, 1870— i*(ycA«Mf»muji papjtillogut Copr, Proc. Am. PbUoa. Soc. Philo. 470. TcrdutM pappHliMntit JuitPAN* iV CorELAND, Chook List. 109| 1670. (Nanio ou\j^ M^xottoma ^Hipiltowum Jokdan, Ann. Ly o. Nat. Hint. N. Y. x], 360^ 1877. (Ooc (H^c Rivor.) Mi/xoatoma papiUosa JORDAX, Man. Vert. od. Sd, 318| 187& HaHITat.— North Carolioa to Georgia. This S(>ecie8 appears to be very abundant in all the streams from ihi Gre4it Pedee to the Altawnha. Tu its general character and iippeuram it is very similar to the rest of the geuos ; but the mouth is rcmarkal)]] different, the lower lip being fall, thick, decidedly ]>apillosc, stronglj incised behind, being very much as in Catostomxut nipricarnt. My specimens do not agree very well with I^rofessor Coi>e's dc^ticrij tion; bnt this is probably due to their greater size. Still, a posstbf lity exists that two species of this type inhubit our South Atluuti^ States. The head in my specimens is very large, flattish above, oarroired fc wanls, and more than one fourth of the length, without caudal. Thi month is very largo aiid inferior. The body is oblong, comprei heavy forwards ; the back moderately elevated. The eye is qait ' high up, and well back. The free border of the dorsal tin is sin MYXOaTOUA PAPILLOSUM. 136 co&rex, sometiiues concave. The following are the measarements of troflpecimeDs: — Idfth, iucheft rtpth (percentage of leogth) Fiftb of interorbital area i«gthof noat SiuMler of orbit tagck of ban of donal . .. l^fhtof longest rsy Briiktofbwtrsy Dimlriy" 14989. 18536. 16* 12 .29 .27 .26 .24 .10 .12 .05 .19 .16 .19 .10 2.14 2,10 6-46-6 In color, this species is smoky above, the sides silvery, the lower fins vhite. Professor Cope says that *^ they attain one foot in length, and do not eieeed one poand iu weight''. I have specimens a foot and a half long lad of three pounds or more weight. In the Ocmulgee, the species is next to M. cervtnum the most abandant, lad is called the White Mullet, or Sacker. Professor Cope found it futeabaudant in the Catawba and the Yadkin Rivers, where it "is Ufbly valued by the inhabitants as an article of food. It is regarded M the best of the Catostomi for that purpose. It is less frequently eugbt on the hook than some other species, but in the autumn, they eone upon the weirs in considerable numbers. The fishermen call it the 'Shiner'.'' Speeiment i» the United 8tate$ National Museum. limber. Locality. 14%9, KiiiHton, N.C 1^036; Kiii<4 on, N.C 1«I7 : KiiMton, N. C lifiSci iW70 WSOR KiDHton, N.C KlDHtOD, N.C KiDittoiiy N.C OcmalfEee Biver, Qa. Collector. J. W. Miluer. .T. W. Milner. J.W.Milner. J. W. MilDcr. J.W.Milner. J.W.MilDer. D. S. Jordan. 136 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN IcnTHYOLOOY — IlL Genus MINYTREMA Jordan. Minytrona .JORDAN, Man. Vert. wK Sd, 3IS, 1878. t'atottomuit, riyoJiostmnu*, Moxoatomat and Erimyton sp.. Authojia. Tyiw, Catmtovxua melanop* RAfio«aqoe. Etyniologj./ifvi^, redoced; rpv^a, apertnre, in alluBion to the imperfect loos of Literal line. Species with Llie form, sqaBniation, and general api»earanc*» of My^ stomUf but Willi tbc air-bladder iu two parts, as iu Erimj/zon^ and tl lateral lioe imperfect — in the very young entirely obsolete, in half gro^ Bpeciiueos showing as a Bucccssiou of deepened farrows, in the adolt with perfect tubeH, but interrupted, these tubes being wanting on soin^ of the scales, especially posteriorly. Dead motlerate, rather broad above ; month moderate, inferior, hi izontal^, the upper lip well developed, freely protractile, the lower ratJw small, iufulded, A*shaped iu outline, pli(^te, with 12 to 20 plicie on eael side; lower jaw witbont cartilaginous sheath; eye moderate, nitb< high up, placed about midway of the head. Suborbital bones consii erably developed, not very mncb narrower than the fleshy portioD the cheek below them, the posterior suborbital conwivo-couvex, aboa^ twice as long as deep, sometimes divided, the anterior somewhat dee| than long, often di\ided into two, sometimes united with the preorbil which is well developed and much longer than broad. The number ao^ form of these bones, exc«pt us to their depth, are not constant iu same species, and do not afford si>eciflc charactors. Opercnlar bones wi developed, not much rugose. Fontanelle evident, rather large. Gill rakers rather long, in length about half the diameter of the eye. Isth- mus moderate. Phaiyngeal bones essentially lis in Myxoatoma, Body rather elongate, saluerete, becoming deep and rather oompi with age. Scales rather large, nearly eqnal over the body, the radiattnj furrows not specially marked. Lateral Hue as above described, inl rnpted in the adult, but with perfect tulies, imperfect in partly groi specimens, entirely obsolete in the young. Scales in a loiigitudini series 44 to 47 in number, 12 to 14 in a transverse series from dorsal ventrals. Dorsal An rather short and high, with about 12 developed rayii, ginning rather nearer the snout than the base of the candid. V*hM\ Hus moderate, not reaching ventrals, the latter not to veul. VenI rather in advance of the middle of the dorsal, their r.tyit normally GENUS MINYTBEMA. 137 i«l^jftor 10. Anal fiu high aud short, often more or less emargiuate Cauda) flu oioUerateb' forkec], the 1obe« about cquul. fAir-bladtler with two chambers. lug with the bead covered with many small tubercles. :iea of this geuns Heems to be kuowu. It is widely dis- ited in the waters of the Westeru and Southern States. ThiA ^DQS baa beeu recently separated from Erimyzon, on account of peealiarities of the hiteral line. The form of the bod>, the form of OKMitbtaDd the character of Che squainatiou differ considerably iu the genenu Ommio CharacttrisatioHt. Hdttkbm* Jordan, IH7B. — ''Yoong npecimeDS of this Bp«ci«a (,melapop») bAve do of ■ likt«Tft] line, as in EHmjit09. Older onpA (6 to 6 ioobi^fl) show a de/tpening of !«■ aIook tbe inf>di«D Mries of scftlfo. Aclnllit of 12 to 1*^ inolieH show u iM:ri<-H tpUwty tSevclopMi tutwa, which, hovrrvor, arc wuuliug < n boiuc of the scjiIch, eapo- tebibd- A* trimj/am never shows uuy tracer (if the ViiXwii of tht« lateral lioe, tbe«e tstms ho hvM to iDilicoto gvooric Ui«tiDctiun,and thr uartie J/inyfrrma ia rof & inW«iH»p«."— (JOKBAX. Man. Vtrl, ed. 8d, 31B. 1OT8.) AKALTftta OF apECIKS OF UIICrTKRUA kkiDK, little compreMed; the young uearly terete ; the adnlts deepor^bodied ; TiBarmal rvgiun tint derated: depth alnint 4 in length, varying from abont 3 in adaSta Iu li in the yonng : brad not very large, A\ in length (tf body (4^ to A\), ■■I »p»rtjUIy depresMed : mucous pores rather stioog: eye fiuiall,5 to G iu bead: aovili t|(**<*s inferior, bonzontal, rather Bmall : scaleti large, fltui, regulaily and idhlf imbnoated, in 40 (44-17) longitndinBl HerieH and 13 (13 to 14) trannverHo the acalea act crowded forwards: fin-rays usually, dorsal 12,* anal 7, veu- tab9. OaUtntJon dosicy almve, with osuftlly a black blotch behind the dorsal fiu : each '^fn Willi a small, more or less disttnct blackish spot at i s base, Mjg interrupted longitudinal lines along the rowa of scales. are naually very diatinct. * apecially in the adult, but young speuiuioua ■bow ibein Abintly : tiides and belly silvery, with a cop{>ery lustre: sexual pecabatitioi moderately lusLrked; very old uiules with the bead covered with euiull in «|iritig : tio grrat cbangra with age, either In form or coluratiou : aljco '; laAxinam leugtb about 14 inches MKLaKora,SO. L tab». K * JMla aQ CMM Its tb« present paper, the mumher o/ ticrthjjvd ray» is hem understood, two, or thrv« mdiaoiitary rays not being counted, and the last ur double ray ^ \ht dvntti and anmX being counted a« onu. 138 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOT— HI. 20. MINYTBEMA MELANOPS {Rxijineaque) Jordan, Striptd Suckrr. Sand Sitcktr. 1820 — Ca/M/omN9 mdnnopn KafisesijCK. Idi. Oh. Tj?. CatMlvmtix meftiuupnig KlRTLANP, Zoo]. Ohio, 109. IdS??. CaiiMlomaa melanopa KiRTLASi>, Boston Jonrn.NAt. Hist, v,5en, 1645. CatomtrmutM virlanopH STiinER, Pynopsia, 45i4, 1**4<J. i'fjT^JiaffftJrNiM mr^iii<i;M>AGA88lz, Am. Jmirn.Sc Arta,liU] stiric*, xix, S04, 18^ 6. VtyvhwlomuM melanopt CoPB» Proc. Am. Philoft. Soc. PhiU. 47S, 1870. Erimiizon iHcfano/H JonuAN, Bull. BnlTalu Soc. Nnt. Hiet, 95, 1870. Erimifzou me/'iicijM Jt>Ki>AN, Mau. Vi*rt. ^4, lf<7ii. Erimyzun nxrtanopa Nel!k>n, Ball. No. 1, Ill». Mus. Nat. Hist. 46, \^C%. LrimyzOH mihiMOpK JORDAN »t Coi'ELAsri, CLuck Lial, 157, 1'ffU ErimycvH mttaNopu JujtPAN, Anu. Lye Na(. Hist. X. Y, xi, 1147. l-^'T*. MtHtftitma mtUinopa JoHDAN, Mail. Vi^rl. tKl. 2d. 31^, ltf79. iH-U—t'Ahmtomas Jtudatutt (Li£ &i;k.rR MSS.) Cuvif.r d. Valknc1k.\XC6, Hist. Nal. di Poiiwous, xvli,449. CatosiooiaafaiKiattu Btorkk. SynopniA, 4:20. 1^46. Catoslomu* /(uciatus OO.NTUCn, Cat. Fisbea Brit. Mna. vii, 19. 1H08. 1H5(^— J^oj-osfvnifj viLiorinr GiRAitI>, Pixjc. Ac, Nat. Sc. riiil,». 171. MoioKtoma i trfirrJirGlirAiii*. U. 8. Mex. lUiiitul. 8iirv. Itbth. :)5. pK luc. f. 1-0, 1800; lti6l>— r'jfeAux/ffmuji Uatfdmi GiluitD, Pruc. Ac. Nat, Au. PhiU. 172. rij/cJtQHtamHH haj/dtni Gikabi>. U. S. Pac. K. R. Ex|»l. x, 220. pi. xlix, f. 1-4, 185& Ttrtttilus kat/dinl Jordan & CorEi_\M», Check List, 157, lOTti. 1677 — TeretulH» »uetUa Jokdan •& Gilbert, in KlippartV Kept. Flah Commr. Obloj (8uppoa6d to Iw C. $uceita Lftc£[i5de, aa it was purhaps in port the C m ol' Ctiv. Jk. Viil. and of Bow.) Enm^aon Buortta J(»iu>AN, Bull. U. S. Nat. Moa. x, 35, Ir^. Habitat. — Great Lnke Region to South Carolina nnd Texoo. Tbis filth, altbougU a very abunilaut one in tbe Mi^HlBsippi Basii seems to buve been overlooked by most recent writers. Itulluesqa^ 4lesorllH>tl it rather poorly. Dr. Eirtland wr.s able to recognize tbe M from Ualinesque-8 account, and baa givt-n a very good description aa< an intliUVriMit Hgure. Valeucieunes descril>ed it fairly, and Aj seeuiB to buvc been acquainted with it, altbougb, deceived by it4 exU iial appearauce, bo took it for a Myxoatoma {Ptychostomua), Girard dcx| described ami ti^ured it as t\?o B(>ecic*8, belotigiiig f u two diiiV-rent geuei Professor Cope, for some reason, did not obtain it in any of bis colU tioDS, and eeems to bnve bad inucb difficulty in identifying Kirtland^ account. In 1875, tbe writer, noticing certain reaemblanccs to I^rim]fsoi oblongtut, was led to dissect a number of individuals, and found tbal iu |ioQda and biiyous. It in used for lood, and is pretty good Sacker*^, which is Dot saying tnucb. Tbi8 species is more tbaa tfitacious of life, and yoaug specUueus are rather iuterestiii^; as im finhes. [ayuonymy of this fepecies ueeds a few words. It was originally by liaQnesqae as n species with a lateral line. This first 1 is quite iudifTin-eiit, but the .icc(»unt of the coloration, and the Striped Sucker, euabled Dr. Kirtlaud reat^ily to identify it, but T writer found the »* lateral lino obsolete". Later, VHleneiennes it Dudcr Lo Sueur's MSS. name of fascitttus, and found a lateral Le Sueur*H specimens were from the Wubash, there can be no f their ideuiity with jnclanopjt. Later, Dr. Oirard describe^l and Texan Hpecimens without the lateral line under the name of vicU>ri(Ct and specimens with the lateral line from the Upper Ite^oti as Itychofttomus hatfdenL The types of neither of these arc prwerved, but iw distinctions from wehmopa are noticed iu ^caM^ by the des<!riber, and the rauge of mclanopn certainly includes ijfisaoari river and tlie waters of Texas. name sueetta has been once or twice employed by me for this itfrooeoasly, as I am now convinced. I found this species iu la South Carolina J and Le Sueur, apparently quoting from ;, ssya:— -** Sides silvery, with browu spots at the base of the KevertheleM, on inspection of Lac<<!p6de^s description, and tbe colored tlgare which he gives from a drawing by Bosc, 140 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTIIYOLOGY — HL uruil. As for the expre86iou, ** brown spots nt the base of the scaU if rc;iUy ori;;iDating with Bosc, as nppeArs to be tli6 case, it may b| arisen fn>tn the coufuaioti oi' Hitcetta with melanopsj which species iuh its the sumo waters, or it iiiny simply r<>tcr to the obscure duKkinesi tbe buses of the saUes, comuou to both species. I have examiued many specimeus of Minytrema melatuypn kom Great Lukes, from various places iu the Mis.^issippi Valley, ami from Teunessce, Alabama, Sautee, aud other Soutbera rivers, and can : no difler(*uces of auy imi>ortaDce. Indeed, the species seems to be v little variable for oue so widely distributed. Speoimen$ in tht United States Nati&nal J/ii«ffiM», Nomber. Locality. Collector. Sandusky, Obio Baudliisky, Obio Saudusky, Ohio Sandusky, OliIu Rouud Lake, Muutgouiery, Ala licoiiistrfiad, Tux. Wliit«Riv(5r, liiiliftun Kluvrub River, Qi.'orgia Saluda Rirer, SonUi CaroHoa.. J. \V. Mi'ner. J, W. MUner. J. W. Milrver. J. W.Miluor. Kuiuli(;u& Kiiuilicu JcKi Dr. KenoeiB. D. 8. Jurdaa. D.S. Jordan. D. S. Jordao* Genua EIllMYZON Jordan, Mcxosioma Agassiz, Am. Joarn. 8c. Arto, 1654, 9)0. (Not of RafiaMque.) Srimitson .Iokiun, Bull. Bnff. Sue. Nat. Hist. tH7r>, U'. TertiuiuM COPK, SynoiHin of KiBbm of N. C. id ed. Addtuda, 1877. (Not of fi.tfii Ct/prinH*, Ca/of(OMiw, »uil Labco ayt., K\HLY AI'Tuors. Type, Cjtfirinut ohtonffua Mitcbill = Cifprinu* vucettn L»o. Elymulo];y, ipt, ua tutcuaivo putiolu ; /t(<iu, to anok. Head moderate, rather broad above : muiiih nio<lerate, somewUal ferior, the npprr lip well developed, freely prutractilo, the low^^r ate, infolded, y^-«ha[>ed in outline, plicate, with 12-20 plicfD on side: lower Jaw without cartilagiuous sheath, rather struugur tbau GENHS ERIMYZON. 141 litioti wheu the moutb is closed, tke mouth thus similar to that of JchihyohtM, Kye moderate, rather high up, placed nboDt mid- way of the bend : suborbital Itones coii8id4*rab1y developed, uut very moth nftiTower (han tbe fiesby portion of the cbeek below tbem, the pwf ti ior (tttbiirl>ital coucavo-coDvex, about twice as louf^ as deep, some- tjBH dirided, tbe anterior somewhat deeper than long, sometimes dHridrd iuto two, sometimes uuited with tbe preorbital bone, which is veU derelopecl and mnch longer than broad. Opercnlar lK>nes moder- ately Ucrelo|>ed, scarcely or not rugose. Foutanello evident, rather Ince. Gitl-rakora ratber long, abont half the diameter of tbe eye in tlu Isthmus moderately developed, about the width of tbe eye. Pharyngeal bones weak, tbe teeth (^uite small, slender, and weak, lly diminishing in length upwards, e-acb tooth narrowly compressed, cusp on the iuuer murgin of the catting sarface^ and some ine- ilitbes bettidea. Body oblong, rather shortened, heavy forwards and considerably com- rntber large, more or less crowded forwards, sometimes showing itieBof arrangement, tbe longitudinnl radiating furrows much m DKnal, the scales rather longer than deep, butsoinibri- iHtou ... .:i. adult that tbe exposed surfaces appear deeper than long. lAteral line entirely wanting. Scales in the longitndinal series from Wad to base of citudal 35 to 45 in number ; scales in transverse row from lH»of ventrul to dors4il 12 to 18. Doraal fln rather short and high, with from 10 to 14 developed rays, numl>rr usually 11 or 12. BrginDing of dorsal fin rather nearer snont than base of caudal. Pec- toral Ann moderate, not reaching ventrals ; the latter not to vent. Ventral* under a point rather in advance of the middle of dorsal ; tr ra>4 normally 9, but occasionally 8 ur 10. il fin bigb and ebort, more or less emargioate or bilobed in adult ; caadat fln moderately forked or merely Innate, its two lobes ▲j; - r with two chambers. Thi* genus baa a very wide range, one of its two known species frobably ocoorring in all the streams of tbe Uuited States east of the T.. ..f (bisgi^nuH seems to have been first noticed by DeKay, v^ kovever, errooeoasly snpposcil it to be identical with the Afri- 5 142 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY III. can pennH Labfo of Onvier nm! Valoncieunes. Its essenttHi charactei the absence of tbo Inttral Hue — was first noticed by Professor A^asffii who iileiitified its ty|>ical Rpecien with CafosUmms [Mojrostoma) antJiHrti Kafliipsqu*% uimI tlierefore erronvonaly cnlled the geniiH MumHion The ;ipplicatiou of tlie imnie Moruatomn to the Hed Ilorse jrroup )K)inte(] oni by the preiient writer in 1870 ; the name Erimi/z^n b< then BUji^ested (or the group now under eonf^tdemtioii. The use of the nnme Tcretulm for thin genus has been hitely fta| (ji:e.sted by Professor Cope, its Hpeciefl being among those enumet';ited bj Ualiuesqne ns composing liiH ** otnniHM ffatherum ^ to which the Ui TeretuiuM wasap|ilied. If we Hubtruut from the original ^roup TerrtuU tlie dift'erent component penera in order of time of proposal, the lai one lell would be Erimyzon, or rather Mint/trefmt. But (he name Tt UUvx has already been restricted by Professor Cope to the Bed Hoi gron]>, the principal component of Kafiuesque'S Teretutus, In my opil ioUf it f^lionld remain there, although the earlier name Myxostouia i-endei it but a synonym. Wo cannot afford to reconsider our ufto of the»c ol colletdive generic nnme» whenever a new genua is propoaeil, Th<^ "ml of exclusion^, tf stiffly ndhered to, wonld require the sultHtitution Acomufi for Prt«?o«/cH», inasmuch as a species of the latter genuH wi referred by (lirard to the former. This question is further ili8<Hii under MyjcoHtoma. Gentrio CharacterijatUmt. Lahro £>«Kay, 1B42. — "Oursal luo^. Nu apiuea nor l>arbolH. Lips AmIiv, ao4 qnently creimted." — (DeKay, iVwp }'urk Fnutm, FiakeMf llfti.) MoxoBTUMA Xgwuxz, lb55. — '*Tbe ajieciea of thw Kcnna coatnist grMlly witti tl of ikll other Kcntini of the family of Cyprinoida, by the total ubsenco of external oj iiigH ill \\w Literal line, vtHiblu iipoD the settled. There ia tndMil do roie of /H-r/unsI acaltTH upott the Ku/rx of thv body, 1o mark ilie maiD course uf tbo Ay8t(*ni of liitifa vnding the hkin in mo8t fmhef, nnd the pornH truver^iog tbo nkin which rnrrre bkiill auU cbtH^kN, iw well nHtht« lower ji*w, nreMimiDiitoiin toi>ec»|>c the iinArmmt In this rrapect tbo gcuns Moxo^tovxa *\\fivn grvatly from all otbrr alxlouiiital li«b«4i which tbo lawral Wiw U dietiuctly uiarkeU by a Mries of tubva truveroltiff u pruuui row of (walw ilouff the videB, and extending IhioDgh Iho mastoids lu tin* forel ftud flionj; the prcupurcle to Ibe syutphysis uf Ibv lower Jtiw. Thli total ubwuco of j lateral lino is compeusatcil by the prcKfiic*' ot'n few deeper rndiutiui; fuifMiv* ir) rb posterior field of all the acalea. " Thn InnKilodiual dicLtneter of the kc:ilts lAeeCMln ^x^Atly tb« trnnavetTw^, but scales are iuibricattMl in such a oiitunrr tbut ttm ^Mirtinn visible RXlernally aj blgbor than long. Tbo ountro of radiation ia pluoed iu tbo niiddlo of tbo M«l«a ; BO rtullutln^ fnrruwH upon Utv latenil Detdtt, Ihoso ot thu fKmtrhur Ucid nn* fewii td d<*<'p*^r than ibow of tbo anterior 0uld; tbo couocuiric oruuincutal ridgue of tl ivDttw lower Jaw tn c|ult« prumimmt. The lipn are fimall nnd trims verm;!/ Ui« lower oii« t« ttligbtly l)tIolM.'il. Tbe ilorsnl in over tlio vcntraU; itit U-nglU (ty excceU» it* bti^bt in tbu ninles ; in tbe feniftleii it« (limeasioDS are mure (Oal. Tbe iHvtomla nnd vtiutraln are more pointed and longer in tbe males Uw feaialoB. The lowor marfftu of tbe anal Hn in bilobed in ibe nmleH, wbtle Ira it UalDi]>l7 rmurginatMl ; in both aesee, the noal wbcn bent backwards plmtTttiCifiAl (Kinefl bfive n ^rpattr rreeiiihlance to those of tbe frenno Jrhthijohu$ MMtj aUtmr of the tribe of CaloHtomi ; the ajnipbysis botrever is fibnrter. and mn Dvttbvr to tDinate nor «o nuai^rotts; they Increase ftlao more rapidly in ■bove downwardly, and are more iftrougly curved inwarilfi, ibe inoerniosfe \mg Into Ml acute puiut, wbicb is more proiiiiDent in tbe middle and npi>er Mk, diAD Id tlie lower odom.^'— <A04aga, Am, Jcmni. ScL Art», 18o3, p. 200.) 3ftmo9TniA4 Girard, 1*^36. — " May be circumacnl>ed byrhnracterti more natural tb&n ^prccnliDf; utttm. And thv muAt etrikiug uf the^e, it must Ito coocedod, ih tbo nb- V^af that Ul«rml line posaoased by olmoet all fiahcs. Tbe body is eloof^atod and jHyNMHd; lii« baad small; tbe moutb small also, openiuf? obliqnoly forwards and fcgpjMrtia. Til* llpa Itrin^; tiaiall and IraiiAverMally ridded ; the inferior one twinf; ^^m bilnbtvL The anterior niorgiu of (he dorsal is silunt«d in advanceof the inser- BVtlM TrolnUa. Tbe dorsal flu is either higber than long or tlse its lengtb is l^to its beijslit, vkryinn; s?iuewliar atT-nnling |o th» nexiw, us wrll iih tbe anal, ^Hlk, lMi««vvr« ftlvnys deeper (hnn long. Tbe shaft of tbe pharyngenl iMincH con< ^^ps v«<7os»cii corrc, tbe convex margin of which is rrgnltir and entire. Tbe ^■ikeitMBlT** Ans very much coiiiprensiHl, strongly cun'ed Inwanlly, and maoh l^ialiiriariy tbAn eu|M*ri»r1y."— <Oiri.%Hii. Proc. Je. Xat. Sv. Fkila. lf*-H'*,\t. 171.) i|BpvnDlA OHulber, ItO^. — "Sculeit of luoderale size; Ul«ral line uuue; Una, ^^^gtlWaod p1i«ryngeal u^etb, identioal with tboeo u{ Catoatomna in all essential ^■Bl<*nnft, CsL fukf mt if««. vii, p. uo.) am r ■! 144 C0NTRIUUTI0N8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — I 1 to 4 io juang: bead stout, Abort, about 4| in IvDgth (4 to 41).tlie iDterorU Rpuco wide und dopreswd, ibe lower pjirts narrower, so tbat it issuiuewhat it«<] ■bajwd dnwinvards : ejo not larf;c,4t iu head (4^ to&i) : mouth protractile doi wards and forwards, the mandible obliqoe: ncolcs nfloally cloAely imbricatad 1 luoro iir \o»i crowded furwardu.but often sbuwiugvariontiimrgularitieAio am^ incut, about 43 (U9«lo) in a loDsitudinal aeries aod 15 (14 to 16) in a trauvTcn^ ries between the ventrals aod tbe dorsal. F1o*ra)B aomewhat variable, the dd with 11 (10 to 13) developed mya, tbe anal with 7, and tbe vontrola (rarely 8). Coloration varying with age ; never dlstioot series of block spots along the It of Boalea; young with a broad black lateral baud 1»ordorcd atKivo by palen some apvoioit'us J'roin ok>ar water, ibis bond is of a jot-black color aud vefTJ tinct ; in otbent, it is duller ; later this baud becomes broken into a aerie blotcheB, which of ton assume tbe form of broiul trunsvcnie bars; in adnlt sf mens, tbtise bars disappear, and tbe color is nearly nnifanu brown, dnsky ab paler below, every wboro with a coppery or brassy, never silvery, Inetre; thei are dusky or smoky brown, rarely reddish-tinged ; sexnal diflferences strong; males in spriug with usually three large tabercles on each vide of tbe snoati with tbe anul fin more or less swollen and emarginato : adnlt specimens with back gibtH>u8 aod tbe body strongly compressed, lu appearsDoe quite nolika young. Mas^imnut lenj^h about 10 inr.ltf^s sncnTAJ ••Body oblong, thn back more elovatnl, Ibe body deeper and more compressed thi the preceding, the greatest depth in advance of the tlureal fln tiring contfl about 2} times io tbe length ; nape less gibbons than in meetta; bead qnft« I aud short, the large eye being almost exactly midway in its length, its longt in that of tbe body; eye 4^ in bead; luterorbital space rather narrow, strongly 1] versely convex, lees than half the length of the head: mouth small, protraotiU wanln, the lower Jaw oblique ; lifis aa in the preceding. Scales lari;e, mocb larger and much more uniform in their imbrication tuoetla; iMiinalongitudioal series, and abunt Utin a transvenre series froi irals to the dorsal. Dorsal fin high, of 13 developed rnys; anal motlcrato,' ventrals largo, with lH. Color dark olivaceous above, each scale along tb«l reflecting palo from the strongly ridged middle part; these giving lights the a]ipearanc6 of pole stripes along the rows of scalus : fins cially at their tips OOOPM 21. EEtlMYZOX SaCETTA {LacipMc) Jordan, CkHhSv^Kr. Crwkrmh, Outlet. l903_C|jm'ait« t^cctta hActpkuE, Hist. Nat des rolasons, v. G(H;, CIO. CntoMtomtiM sucrtta Lb Sceuk, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila. ItKl, 1HI7, CdfoAloMUR nurrita DkKav, New York Fauna, part< iv, Fishes, ^13, 1842. CatontvmtvJtHtrtiCvviKn&yxhESCltXSKf^. Hist. Nat. des Poiuons, xvtt CaiottomM4 tuceti 8torkr, Synopsis, 4111, ItMO. JlfoMtitttma KUCftta Aoa6j?i2, Am. Joum. 6c. Arts, Sil seriesi xix» 208, 1 JVoroffofflo tMxtta PltTNAM, Dull. Moo, Comp, Zool. 10^ ltJC3, traoUU 4 ■..g tb«l g la flij dusky, I ERIMYZON SUCETTA, 145 n mtetta Johdax, Mrd. Tort. fiOTi, 1870. tufrtta JoiiDaN & Cnp£.LAND, Cb«ck List, 157, 1976. awrttuj JoitDAN. Man. Vrrt. ed. :Mf 319, l^a iw ofrtoii^iu MtTCiiiix. Lit. & rhil. TraoB. New York, 1. 459. <^d»i>iiiii I oblomffut Lk Sokvr, Jturrn. Ac. Nat. So. 108, 1617. flUMtoBM oJ^rmryiM Thompson, Hint. Vl. l.t-1, ld4*2. (Bynooy id;, but not deaorip- fiiMi, which appUes to if. manvfrji/tfofum.) tttm oblvmtrn* DtKjkY, New York Fannu, piirt Iv, Fish«a, 193, 184'2. Ca$mbimu» otlongum Ct'ViRR & VytLKNCtKyNU^, IliBt. Nat. des Poiwwus, £vii, 441, liU4. CtteifvHiu o^Ifm^iM groRBR, HyDopsis, 4*^, lt<4t]. ifcwvittmu oblon^m Aoassiz. Am. Joiiru. Sc. Arts, Sd Dcriees xix, fi03, 18&5. oAIm^m PrrxAM, Ball. Mus. Oomp. Zool. 10, 1663. oWosfUM (Inx, Canudfftu Nat. p. 19, An|;. 1665. •MoM^m GCnthkb; Cat. Fiahea Brit. Mus. vii, 21, li^. ohUntfum CoPK, Proc. Am. Fbiliw. Soc. Pbila. 408, 1870, oAfcniyiim Joft[>AN. Fi8bea of lud. 2:21, 1B75. (Name nnly.) la •^/oHjTii* JOHI'AX, Bull. Buffalo Boo. Nat. Hist 95, lh7G. (Nftme only ; sc diapwaia of i.'ri«y«on.) I* •6{m0i« Jordan, Man. Vert. 294^ lti76. oMoflpmtM UnLRN & LuGOF.R, FUbes of Marj'Und, 140, IFCG. fttoyw «5ro«^« Nci^ox, Bull. No. I, Ills. Mmh. Nat. Ilit^t. 4H, 1K76. A*if*m oM<m^ii Jokdan & Copeland, Cbock Littt, 157. 1^6. (Name only.) lintakm •Wonf/Hi Jokdan &. Gilbekt, in Klippari's Kept. .7.1, 1R7G. (Namu ouly.) Buiiifa* AifUmguM Jordan & Gilbert, Id Klippari's FirMt itoi>orl, Ohio Fisb Om- BiMian. 85, pL xii, f. 20, 1877. X^tayCM •MoH^* Jr)KDAN, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hii^t. N. Y.xi, 340, IF^. JXf »uw tiUUtmjHM Jordan, Ann. Lyo. Nsit. Hicit. N. Y. xi,3t^, 1877. ohh*n'j>t» JoKDA.v, Boll. r. 8. Nnt. Mns. ix, 30, 1877. iM ^M(MiM Lk flcTKCir, Joar-. Ao. Nat. 6e. Pbfla. i, Vfi. aW>o$iu 8TORKR. K«*pt. Icbtby. Mosa. 183, 1838. |i«««» fOAot«4 HkKay, Nvw York Fauna^ part iv, Fisboa, 194, 1849.. CtlmtommM giAboMut Sturer, Hynopfda, 420, 1846. Uatmimm* yiUonu KuiTi..txD, ITamllton Smith's Annaln of Science. fUartmsa jtMoaax SroRicn, Hiitt. Finhes Mow. 291, pi. xxii, f. 4, li^iT. -^cDwAniiflu tuStrrruiatuM Lr Spkfb, Jooru. Ac. Nat. 8c. Pbilo. I, 03. Ctiuhm ■< tmhrrrulatnt DKKAy, New York Faann, part iv, Fishee, 199, 1642. Cf$mtmmm* tuhercutatvn Cfvuai A VALENCiENNEii, llUt. Nat. dea X'oisaoDs, xvii.. 441, 1^4. CUm/mm tmberruUiuM Tlto^ftiU, Wevk on Cotivord and ftlcrtimacic, 3^^, 186^. eiitniyM Lf. BcEi'H, Journ. Ac. Nat. 8c. Piiila. 104. '« t>RKAY, New York Fauna, part iv, Fiuhca. 203, 1H42. ■" < ■' vir.it A. VALrxctKXNics, Hist. Nat. dca Poieaons, xvii, 469v \U No. i:i- Syiiopata. I'K, 1846, NK^L'K, Icb. Ob. 58. 10 14I> CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICnTHTOLOOY ^Ilt. 1842— ZaftM tttifOMt DkKay, New York Fauoa. part iv, Fiabes, 1^ CatMtomuB «legam» Stokes, SynopsiR, 425, IS46. 1842 — iMbeo cmput DeKaY, Nevr York Ftianq, part iv, Fiabea, 195. CatoMtomuM ewpus Storrr, Syuopsiti, 42S, 1346. 1842 — Lahto etongatut DbKay , New York Faann^ part iv, Fiabes, 394. 16&&— J/ntoMOffui ai^nruM Aoassiz, Ani. Joarn. So. ArtB,Sd wriM, xix, 202. (N RiiflneKqne.) 1865 — Moioitoma tetiw AoAiwiz, Am. Jonm. Bo. Arts, 2d seriea, xlx, S03. MoMttoma Umue PirrxAM, Bull. Mns. CoiDp. Zool. lU, Idtill. Moxonloma tetiu« GrNTHBR, CaU Fiobm Brit. Mns. vii, 31, If^dS, SrimtfBon trnuis Jnm^AS & CorBLAND, Chock List, 157, 1S76. 1856 — iioj:o9towa vlaviformh (.IiraKO, Proc. Ac. Nat. 8c. Pbila. 171. Mmrontoma citir{formi9 GtiUKD. U. 8. Poo. R. li. Kxpl. x,219, pi. xlviii.f. 5-9, 1 ^imifcmt clariformi* Jordan & Cdpsla^d, Cbtwk List, 157, IH76. \9^\^Maxontoma kennerlifi (tirard, Proc. Ao. Nat. Be Pbila. 171. MoxtutowM kfnnerlt/i GiRARD, U. S. Mex. Booad. 8tirv. Icblli. 34, pi. xx, f.T-^, U 1856— ifwrn/owi owmpMU Gioard, Proo. Ao. Nat. 8c. Pbila. 17^. MafMtama compftel/i Girakd, U.8. Mox. Buunil. Siirv. Icbtb. 35, pi. xx,C 4-^16 £rim^ton campbilli Joiuian & Copklaxd, Cbeck List, 157, ld7R. Habitat.— All waters of tbo United StntoA east of Lbe Rocky HoaolaliUh This protean species is, uext to Catontomus teresy the most abandq and thn most widely diffused of our species of Suckers. It occurs every stream from Maine to Texas, aad thrives in alt sorts of wata from the Great Lakes to the smallest poods and brooks. Its variatiq in color and form are remarkable; bar. after the elimination of tho which are known to be due to difl'ereuces of sex, age, and surroundin i find nothing left on which a difference of species or even a variei -differenoc may be based. I therefore nnite all the nominal apeci this genurt, with a single exception, under the oldest specific namei plied to any of them, succtt^ of Lac6p6de. The name «ucef/a has been passeclfrom nuthortoauthorforalongtin all the descriptions being based on the notes of Bosc and the accon given by Lacepfede, no one seeming to have any clwir idea of what -original si>ecies was. The reasons for identifying aucetta with Mong have been alreudy given. The name Bucetia was spoiled mceti by Valeucieoues. I see no reaoi for this change. The derivation of th*^ word is from the Fn»nrh jiw<k A sucker; and sucetta is an agraeable latiuizatioQ of the tiarbanms wot The identity of the nominal species ohlonguHj gihbonvSj tuhrrculatuSf rif liM, effOf>u«,efoit^aHw, and elegana vcas coDclusively shown by Profeafl Agassis. The/a«nofan'>r of RaBueHqiio, as I have shown, is probal) tbis species, which BaQuesque could hardly have overlooked. B*t( ani4urtt9^ coDsidered by bitn as the Western rep- RMOtative of ohlo^gus^ mast belong bere. Professor Agassiz*s tenuis ftwi Mobile ia not described ; but as ttucetta occurs abundantly in Abk- ||iBa, it {a safe to presuiui^ tbeir identity. The type ol* Moxontoma da- m^pHR^ Girard is uow lost. Botb figure und descriptiou i>oiut to the ywtmg of tmeeita. The ti^'ure represents the scales rather smaller than ' HBtl, bat it may not be correct. The types of Moxotttmna kennerltfi and o( Moxottoma campbcUi Girard, from Texas, have also disap- ; bat iixii^y too seem to have been based on the young of the It species, nod as $ucetta certainly occurs in Texas, these nominal mast fall into the synonymy. Cbob 8ncker is one of the smallest species, rarely reaching a of more than a foot. It is tenacious of life, and bites readily at II book, bot is not mnch valued for food. The young are rather (lie black lateral band being sometimes very distinct. Jn raqoariDiD, they act as scavengers. The adult fishes, especially the are very dusky in color, and the males in spring are provided rth tiiree Urge tubercles arranged in a triangle on each side of the head. 11»tes of the adalts are nsunlly black, sometimes tinged with red. SpHAmfim in Unittd State* XaHoiuU Locality. Colleotor. 8a|C«r IjomI Creek, Aj>kiui«M, tfovft Bootl* Htm 7M0 Uoacon, Uom ... rm ' lUvffrbead, L. I BC8 Xonb Caralin*... M0 Potanae Rlrer. .. •«! BW I XUilimtfan, Mwta.. ¥7a ' Dveroit Rirer ma \vt\mte\A WS j Detewair County H. n. MnnbaiiHon. a F. batnl. S. F. Baird. MoNnir. S. F. Baird. B. Kenuioott 148 CONTRIBUTIONS TO KORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOaT — III. SpeeimeM in United State$ NaHonai iriiNw»— ContiDoed. Namber. Localitiy. Collector. 91G6 9275 9446 9551 9660 10631 10814 11033 11034 11035 11199 11200 12441 14977 16991 16993 16994 17816 17821 17838 19158 200C1 20064 20105 20157 20231 20254 20269 20360 Abbeville, S.C. Aux PlaiDes River, Illinois.... Lake OcooomowoOt WiscoDBln . Potomac River. , Sandusky, Ohio. do do ,do do .do Halifiix, Nova Scotia Potomac lUver do do do do , do Clear Creek, Texas do New Bedford, Mass Aux Plaines River, Illinois... Cedar Swamp, New Jersey. ... Schuylkill, River Fox River, Wisconsin Montgomery, Ala Riverhead, L. X Pierroont,N.Y Sing Sing, N. Y Trenton, N. J Cumberland River White River, Indiana Etowah River, Georgia Saluda River, South Carolina. B. Kennlcott. S. F. Boird. J. W. Milner. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. G. B. Goode. J. W. BlUiwr. Do. Do. Do. Do. Eamlien &. EariL Do. Thomas. R. Kennicott. S. F. Boiid. J. H. Richard. S. F. Baird. Komlien & Maxso S. F. Baird. Do. Do. C. C. Abbott. A. Winohell. D. S. Jordan. Do. Do. 22. EUIMYZON GOODBI, »p. nor. Goode'$ Sucker, Ttiis species differs from E. sucetta in form, in the smaller size of t bead, Id its greater convexity above, and in the larger size and gresl oniformity of Ibe scales, wbicb are not at all crowded or reduced I wards. QKNUS CHASMISTKfl. 149 Ib« t^pe is o flDG speciiuoD, 10} inches loug, collected by ProfoBSorG. Ooode in iUm Saint Jobu'8Eiver,riondn. It is nnmbtred 10071 |Uft JliUMitii Kcjfistcr. I have uauied tbe specieH for my irieod, Pro- Goale, one of the bobt of American icbtbyologisU, to wbom we liebUNl for tbe dUcovery of the si>eciL>s. Sj*eeimtnM in Vnited State* yatlonal J/Wmuim. 6»Ukt Jofan*H River, Fla Collector. G. Brovu Ooode. Genus CIIASMISTES Jordan. AMMto JuU>AX, EtuU. Httyil«D Qeol. Siirr. Tart. 417, IH78. ifpt^ CatMiowv/miiMlw Cope A. Yarrow. fif9«4ofsy, xaettinu, U> jttwa or gupo. Piibi« n^UUHl lo CatMtomvB, having the teeth, scales, and air- iu that geuup, bot distiuguinbod by the size and position Boncb, the great development of the mandible, and by (he small, Hpa. iltopmportioDally large, forming more than one-foartb of the broad ami fliLttisb aliove; HtdeH of bead vertical, Hlightly directeil tbe breadth through the cheeks less than the breadth above the ; exes small, high up, rather {>o8terior : mooth exceedingly large, tbe lower javr in the closed mouth being very oblique, placed ■qcla of about 45 degrees; the lower juw very long and strong, 1^ more than one third the length of the head, nearly half tbe uf tbe head in the adult, ita tip when the mouth is closed about s leveJ with tbe eye; upper jaw very protractile; npper lip very /(or a 8aclEer), and nearly smoutb ; Kuont elevated above the rest i«f lb» bead, t^otiibly wo when tbe mouth ii^ closed ; lower lip moderate, • •f a broad flap on each side of the mandible, io front reduced - m. th« aorface of tbe lip ne^irly smooth, without evident 'Is large; saborbilal bones narrow, but rather broader la CdicMtomuM ; pr«orbital unuHually large : mucous channels mod- iy dcrelop«d ; footanello very large ; isthmns nither narrow : booea and t«eth eHMentinlly ax in CatoHtomun. ratbCET altfOder, tajiering pretty regitlarly from the shoulders 10 I, baC llUle oomprMAed : caudal peduncle rather stout. 150 C0NTIUDUTI0N8 TO NORTH AMEIUCAN ICHTUVOLOOY — ^IIL l*'iu6 modorate, the dorsal rays aboat 12, the aaul 7 : iK>cto rather long, uot quite reacUiog ventrals: ventrals roaoUiug vent: tin high, reachiug caudal : caudal tiu rather long, ita lobes equal. Scalen moderate, largo on the caudal peduncle, much smaller crowded anteriorly, GO to 05 in the latenil Liue, about 18 in a tranevi serieH from dorsal to ventrals. Sexual pecutiarities unknown. Coloration usual. Air-bladder in two parts. Size moderate or rather large. The single species now ioclnded in this genus is known only t Vtiih. Lake. Us describers referred it to the genus Catostumwit made no mention of its singular mouth and lips. The original tjp the species is in very bad ooudilion, the month being shrunken and torted, and the bones of the head protruding through the skin, so the peculiarities of tbe species are bardly recognizable.* Gentrio Ckantctaitmlioma, CaADMiSTBS Jordan, 187&— "This geuuB in (liHtinguiabod ttom Cato»tomu» by very Urge, termiunl month, the lower jaw beiog very atroDg, obliqafl,iUJ«im;th one-third tbnt of the bead, Tho lips oro little developed, *iid uro very neatly m Tbe type of the genua ia C. /nmndu$ Cope Jk, Yarrow."— (Joudan, Bmll. V. S. OmL IVnr. vol. iv, No. 2, p. 417, JW8.) ANALYSIS or BPRCIR8 OP CUASMiaTRS. * Depth about & in length ; bead 3); interorbital s[moo broad, 2^ in bead; wym in bead; width of tbe open month 3^ In bead. Doraol 12. Anal 7 9-63-8. Color dasky aboTo, palo bvlow ; ibo scales of the back and aldo* fttsely covered with dork punotnlntiona vsocnrDU 23. CHASMISTE3 FECUNDUS (Cope <fr Yarrmc) Jordan. Sucker of Utah take. 1876— CdfofffomiM frcundut CorK Sl YARium% Wheelci'rt Expl. W. pMHh Mer. v. 078, pUxxxii, f. I. 1 o. Cato9iomM* ferundMB Joni-iAV. & Coi'KtJLM*, Chock List, 156, lH7d. Ckatmitie§/ecHndu§ Johdax, bnll. Hayden's Gcot. finrv. Terr. vol. W, Ka *■ Eauitat. — Utah L^div, Utah, wboro it is excemively abawUnk Nat yot di elsewhere. Thi.9 Biugfilar species has been overlooked uutil quite latul^v. Yurro\v states that it " l» abnudant iu Utah Lake» and ia called tiui * In fact, thlH tfpeeimon in its prrseot cooditiou looks tu ui« tnore like 0$lMt dentmtiB, but tbe (iKure pnbl)«bod by Cope A Yarrow mprcaenle C. /mtiw/iMb speotos ocour ia Utah Lake. ^tlwintiabltAnt*. They ran np the rivers to spawn iu June; focU ou Hi bottom and eat the Mpawn of better Qsh ; HpuwniiiK IhmIh on giiivcl ; toftl Ivook sotEi«tinies ; are extremely unnierous, aud nro couMdered •wiMttce by the fiMbcrmeu, but they nie«t with a ready sale m winter itaarecagc price of 2j cents per poand.^ 8j*c(^meiu in Unittd StaUm Haii&nul MwieHm. SwW. Locality. Collector. asM Cttth LftVe, ITtah Yarrow &■ HoDAhftw. t'Ub Lake. Ut*h UUb Luk*. Uub Dr. H.C. Yarrow. (MauyeiHHjimona ) Dr. H. C. Yarrow. (Typ« CkasmiMUm.) Dr. H. C.Yarrow. (Typefloribnepecit^u) Ut«Ki Luke, Utah 4 Genus CATOSTOMUS Le Sueur. rakMiiMw t^ i^rKCiitJoDrn. Ao,Nat. ScPhila.!, 1H7,89. (EqaiTaluot to family Co-' ^mMAmm EArtKKMjce.Jonrn. Ao.Nat.So.Pbilu.i, 1816,421. (A« subgenuB of Exo- ftotrtjhu RaFianaqiTX, Icfathyologia OhioDsifi, 16SU, tiU. (As aubgeuua of Cato«(o«w, iasludiUK tluj K^-rayod aiteoiea.) A(.AA»iz, Am. Juuru. So. Ai ts, 1655, 205. <lUtAiUN Vr*x. Ao. Nat. Sc. Pbila. ISM, 173. OiaABt>, Pmc. Ac. NaL Sc. Philu. ldJ6, 173. ■a OltJ., Canai]ian NaluraliHt, li^'. August. yt«« JiMiiuN, Man. Vert. 3d ed. 1$78.319. (As snligenni.) Tffr^ Cfprin%a oatottomut VoTst«Tf ^ Caitmtomu^ hudsonivB LeSoear,^ CafMfomHtf ?aif- firnrirva La Soenr. EtpBolagy, KBTtt, low ; ffro/ta, moutti. EtjfMohgjf of Sjfmtngmn. .' probably brft^ below ; rEvrr, five ; Xo;?o[-, lobo, aa the luune U aaid to tlM &-lob«id lowar Itp. diippoituU to iliii(iugi)i»b U fruui tbe 3-IuImm1 Habfc«nufl ; )MiiBibly» however, from irrd, Iwlow ; r jTf > j/f. jwrfect. 1 Suiiic. t«n ; d&Ktvhn; t<io, i. *., 10 Tentral rays, bunce properly Deoa^ r ^X>. muti : nv'uu, to Hack. t inaoniu »iti probably lueaiiiD^U'aa wonls, without etymology. HlMl ^ or less elongate, its length ranging from 3j to 5 times lu (nflbe kwly, lt« form vurjiujf considerably in the different subgen- Eya usually rather small, high up and median or more or less pos- 4 COHTHIBUnONS TO NOHTH AMERICAN ICnTnTOLOOY— lU- terior iu position : suborbital boDcs narrow, loDgcr tbaa broad, macli ill MyxoHtonia: foiitiiuulle always present, nsiially widely open^ in ti 81>ecic8 reduced to u narrow slit, but uever wbolly obliterat-ed. Moutii rather large, always inferior, and sotnetiniea notably at); Xhi upper lip thick, protractile, papillose ; the lower lip greatly develop* with a broiid free marjpn, deeply inciHed In^biud, so that it forms tw< lobes, which are often more or less separatetl: mandible horizontal short, not one-third the leufcth of the head and not reaching to opposll the eye: lower Jaw usaallywithoat distinct cartilaginous sheath : o] cnlar apparatus moderateJy developed, not rugose: pharyngeal bon< inodemtely strong, the teeth shortish, vertically compreasetl, rapid! diminishing in size upwards, the upper surface of the teeth nearly ev^Dj or somewhat cuspidate. Body oblong or elongate, more or less fusiform, subterete, more leas compressed. Scales comparatively small, typically mach smaller and crowded an^ teriorly, the number in the lateral line ranging from about 50 to 111 the number iu a transverse series between dorsal and ventrals froi 15 to 40: lateral line well developed, straighti^h, somewhat decarvi anteriorly. Fins variously developed : dorsal with its first ray nearly midway o1 the body, with from 0 to 14 developed rays; anal fin short and higl with probably always 7 developed rays; ventrals inserted under thi middle or posterior part of the dorsal, typically with 10 rays, in one sal genus usually 9, the number often subject to variation of one ; caadj fin usually deeply forked, the lobes nearly equal. Sexual peculiaiitiea not much marked, the fins higher iu the male' and the anal somewhat swollen and tuberculato iu the spring: breed- ing males in some species with a rosy or orange lateral band. Air-bladder with two chambers. Vertebrse iu €, tercn and C cam 45 to 47, ^^The skeleton in Catostomus ha« been well descril>e<l by Valencienm (XVll. p. 433). It is distinguished by thv comparative want of aolidity, certain bones consisting merely of a network of osseous matter. Tbi is a large and broad foiitanelle on the upper surface of the head, ating the parietal t>oneH, and leading directly into the cerebral Cftrll The occipital process is, below the anterior vertebne, enlarged ioto bladder like swelliug, which is not solid, but consists of a delicate di work only. The prefrontal is advanced to the anterior part of tbeorl OENtra CAT08TOMTT8. jAv-txmes arc vory feeble, Ibe iiituruiiixillary being reduced to a -L*- 1 11.^ wblcb does uot descend to tlie middle of the inaxillary. 13»ast<*tu>r partof ibu umudible is borizoutul, tbiu aud slightly dilated. jpopbya^s of the four anterior vertebriB are very strong and loug.*^ — VTUE^ Cat Fi9h€» Btit. Mu8, vii, 13.) pfaus us at present restricted comprises three welliuarked wbicb may bo accepted as subgenera, under the names Catosto- DtPtuiactjflMJi, and Hypentdium, One of these groupSf Hyptnteliumy bw!0 nraally considered as a distinct genns, on accoant of the dif- In the form of the b«uid and iu the squamation. These differ- MM uVf however, individually of snbordinate value, and should fnbably be held to designate a subgeneric section, rather than a the groap Detndaetyhin as here giren is nearly equivalent to Minomns ■4 CalonfOMiM of Oirard, while our Catontomus is Girard's Acomv^. TW lyp© of Caioatomwi, as restricted by Agasaiz, prior to Girard being CifhmvM caioHUmwM Forster, ore of the small-scaled group, the name ■kg* pro(>er]y to that group, and Acomus is a simple synonym. ^^mtt§hu BafineMC|ue was not originally detlued iu any very tangible By, Ift—mocb »h its author included iu it species oi Myxoatouiad^n^ ^ifiUftmt, Ajs, bowerer, it was intended for lO-rayed species, and as one Muap Xhtme originally placed in It was C. teren (as C. bostoniengig)^ the tteuuii^ Ifecacfylus (JJecadacttflun) may be used instead of Minomu^ as jfiijmlinn for the sobgenun to which C. terctt l>eIongs. geno* CatoUomns is, next to Mt/xoatvma^ the most rich in species. the most widely distributed of the genera of Suckers, some of b«r8 abounding iu every river of North America, and one of them Ibood Iu Asia. (ifHeric Characi€riiation», >Hx:s L«Bavur, 1817. «illi AftUlglo tiu. and 9fKnitla auiooib. •aHhloH nDtl relrjKTtiln. Ibe Mioat ; Upa plaited, lob«], or csruuculated, aalUblefor snoklDg. TVn«r vllb pMtiDAiUd teutb. ^•<1«4 «hk'h ar* bcre itesoribcd Are »11 poMcesed of the foUoviug genonU 111 t^aerul i« elotifjAted ood varied iu it« form. i '•■ .•> <• lit aliiiiHii nil the 0pe«ic« ftro marked with radiated Unea, and Ml Uuaf cdgaa; their form more or leas rhomboidal or roundiah. 154 C0NTRIBUTI0K8 TO KOHTH AMERICAN IcnTHYOLOGT — m. "Gi/'-corer*.— The gill-corcra arc large, aad coaii>oaed of tbreo pieces; the nut pifico amall in Mine, aa i« ext!iuplifie<l in the CuMcrel^NdotiM, and in others largo, as the C. tvmmanU; opening nr i*xpari»iun wide. "Xmitriht. — Tlio nostriU are ilouble on ooob side, nod Bcparutod bjr a membrane ; Inrgeat a]>erture near tbu eyv». "h'ltfJt. — Tbe eyes in general are pretty Urge, a little obloog, witlioat ulotltatl mcmbmne: papll black and ruondish : Irides yeltowish, sometimes brown, as in C. gibbonuM. "Teeth, — No teeth in tbe jaws, but tUoeeof tbe throat, on each aide, are composed of range nf bones, generally blunt and tbiok at Lbeir uaraniits, placed in & pectiUA: form, uu au osseuuA, arcuated base, of whiob tbey arc a couji>onent part,and times terminate in a hooked point, as In the C. maou/Msi; these toeth are enveloped a thick moss of irhiLlsb snbstauoe, which covers tbe throat, and supplies the place a tongue. **Moutlu — Tbe mouth is generally luuftted ; to the palate is attached a inembiMMk "FisociFO. — ^Tbe inteatimil oanal is very mnoh d«v«lD|»ed, and it has its origin near throat ( the etomach, which is simple, and without plaits and curvatures, being a tlnuatioQ of this canal, and appears to be confounded with It. The inteatines mak* Domlier of circumvolnt-ions; in a specimen of the C. macrolepidotus of 16 ine in len^b, they were 3 feet !> inches to length. Tbe liver is deliquescent, and passes into oil after exposure to the atmosphere. The dir-Afaddrr is subcylindrioal, divided, in most species, int^ two parts; in iho C. macrotfipidutut, it is separated iulo ptirlH. I havu remarkiMl in the intestines of tbf«o Gshes river-sbella of the gea Lgmnofa, itu/imtu, etc., which dwell on aquatic plants and on tbe ruck at the bottom the rivers; these shells tbe Catoetomi are onabk-d to take with their lips, which protrnded forwards by means of tbuir jaws. " It is necessary to remark that in all the speoies which I have examined there is line which nins from tbe nape, beneath the eyes, and another along tbe head, alio the eyes, of nmall orifloas, for the passage of mncns, which Unas are well dntln after tbe fish is dead and desiccated, but not so conspicuous when recent ; thoae llni Forstor impro(}erly terms sutarea. X will add that some species, in a dried state, Ua^ also a tubercnlated appearance on the head, which tubercles are not discernible wb the animals are living." — (Lr Sitrcr, JoarN. Ac. 2tat, So, i, p. 69.) Bypenteuum Rafinceque, 1818.— "This species [ JTxo^Iosfusi macropttrum} dls guiahed by so many secondary characters may be the type of A aabgenoa, which be called //y/xiiitr/ium, in reference to the fivd lobes uf the lower jsw. The spocl with a three-lobed Jsw may form then another section nnder the furmer Afori/fffl^ua."— (RAnMBsquK, Journ. Jead. XaU Sc. p. 430, tdlB.) CAT(fSTO>rofl Bafioeeqae, 1S20.— " Body oblong cylindrical, scaly. Vent iiostoribror nearer to the tail. Head and opercnles soalelesa and smooth. Month benealli tb« snout, with fleshy, thick or lohed snoking lips. Jaws toolhleas and rctraellbli Throat with pectinated te««th. NnHtriln double. Gill-cover double or tripk. Thf branchial rays to tbe gill membrane. A single dorsal flu commonly opposite to tha abdominal Bns, whiob have from eight to ten rays."— {Rafimehquk, TrK Oh. p. &3L) •QACn VX.UH » 0£NU8 CATOSTOHUS. l/)5 ; Uitoqs^jr Cocked. Betidoatbe twofoUowiagBpeoies(C. rftt^u^nnU; C.tlwgatuM) C %moMtmti§ md C. kudtoniua mu»t b« cniuuiirftted btsre."— (Rafixesquk, /cA. (M. BirmiftUCM iuanrvque, 1820.—" Body pyramidal filigUtly cotupreMwd, witb very Vont posterior, llcad acnlflesfl, nearly 84]iiaro, tnoulli ttfrmiDal pro* th toolUI«Mi, Juw hhurter witLi five \obm, tbe tuiddlu oue larger, lips very AUloniiDal fian naterior rvuioved from the vent, dorsal Uu aut4)rior, uppusod to "Tl^ftgMUubelongs to tbti family of the CyprinidifL, and is next to my genus £jcoglwf ^ irilh vhkflh 1 had unitrd it; but UiU liuit iliflura trum it by lui obluuK body, Uui ■mI, l«nr«r Up triloba uot prutruded^ abdouiual Udb aod doniul tiu mediulf &c. Tbo ••V ftpiijiLii tbe obamcter o( tbe lower lip." — (liAKiNKisQCE, lih. Uk. p. tid) CiTOertOML'tt DcKay, 164-2. — ^"Both lipa tbick, tlesby, aud creuatwl or pluilud; tbe bppcodaQt. Doztal placed above tbe veutraU aud uHiiuHy ebort."— (Di-:Kay, r«r* /'itajia, FUluu, p. I9ti.) 7S Beckel, 1843.— "06 luferuoi; labia camcajata, rugo«a, suctui apla; i; priToperculam ante occiput. Piuna dorsaliR br«vi«, raritu elongata; analia kvTlue, atnM|iie rMlio oauo nuUo. Deotvs pbaryngei peotiaifonDe«. D : 3! tf- i:t — 29 TT^I & - 7 (Charactef* of Tribu» IV, including Catoslomun, lihytidontntnu*, aod 9 ExogloMum.) Destaa pccFiiatfco-mee 4U — 40. Oh iufoniu); labia ouruva; lata, rngoau ad Hnctom cirrfci aalli. Pinua dorsalla et analis bruvis, ilia autu pionaa vuutrales iucipiens; I OMtfoa oallDB. — Tractua inteatinalis 2^—3 loDg. corp." — (HscKKt, Fucke p. 33) CUTttttvvUB Valcneleoaes, 1844. — " Da diff^reot dea ablee [L«ariacJM], avoo leaqnela M ffobt pMi uutt afflnit<i, par la poAitloa du lenr boiiobn vt par la fumu* dm Icivrea U lMr4aot. Cva orgaaea Boat aaaez distiurts do rt>ux dea Cboadroatomtw. /aba«i>iw Arm barbUloM lea f^toigne aoaai dea Lat>^oDB [ Labeolf avec leeqaols ila oot ■natiia de r»pi>orU tiue M. Cavier ne lu aiippowiit quand il a r^dig^ le K(>gne £iifiii 0a difr<>n*ut de toua cca gcurva pur Itura deuta pbaryngieunea. 'Far 1* Conue g<$a£rala da lenr corpa, ila reaaemblent Ik dim barbeaux [Barbiuf], dont i«t pt«M|U« tons la t^4p aloDgd«, Haae ef nnc, et le mnsean un pen prot^minent, Qa o'otit paa loura barbillous, ut la dorbole luauquu do rayons ^piueux et deutetf^s. > ioaab* eat aitii^ aooa le ranaeao ; elle eat aant deota, et lea U'Vree, tilargiea, lob^ea, mala aaiit* prolongnementa tiliformee, aervent i^ couatitner uue sorte de «a moyvin do laquelloceapoiaMOiiH i»ouveutadbureruu aucer. LfspharyngU-iu tmi grftnda at arqa*^, preaqoe od deui-cercle ; tout lo bord iutorao eat garni du douta Maiprim^eai, A cutiroiinu »lri<V. nn p«u plus large que la base; toutea coadcutsd^- Vt^mmi rvipsliiiroiDootdopuiK lea inferk^nrMi jusqu'aux BU[<Srieure»,le uombro vti vnrie <«i|iJM?ea; ollea formont na puigno aur le corpa Toa. Lea operoulea aont grauda; iea o<il eboconc, comma X ronlinalre, doux oavertaren rapprocb<S«a: Ics yuux lat|ea. Mat elllpUqn^'s, et tint Tiris ordinairernHnt Jaano; lea 6oai Ilea aont en fwlllca anr la iuii|Oc et pri^a do la tAte. ot ellen vont enimlte co angmcDtant h i|Q*iui aTen approcho de lu queue; oilea aont plaa ou molna rbomboldalea at oa f ra&x^M. 156 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGT — HI. **hM viBChKB rappellent cenx dee c^prinoldes en g4n6nil. mai» I'iutestia, h cflu««* il* MS nombreax repliSf a ODonr« ptuH d'dtondoe. . . . Le fote ae rdaoat liicnt6t r hiitle; 111 vesttio at^ncnnu est coiniiitiii^iuent ilivio^ ea deox et Gommtiniquv aveo 1< kaut de l*u!supkage comme diuis iioa cypHus." — (VaucncibnKKS, HisUNaL da Poista xvii, pp. 4^£:(-4-^4.) HvLuMYZON AgftS8i2, 1B55, — "The name of this ^qqs \h a mere tniDslatioD of the yemocular nanin of ItA type, tho Mud-Sockor of tbe Wettt, iVamed in iinttutioD Potromjzon, bat expresslog its bablta of living in tbe mud. Tbo bod>' ie sluat mad heavy in ftoDt, and tapera off rapidly from the sboulderB towards tbe toll; behind (bo doFAal it ia nearly cylindrical ia form. "The abort qaadrangular bc«d is broad and flat ftbove^ its sidea are verlioal. The oyoa are of moderate size and elliptical in form ; the saperorbit&l ridges ar« el«r»t4d abovo the ^^nerol levol of tho bajwl. The mouth is lufurior* and euoiroled by hroad fleohy lipN which are covered vrttb suinl) gnUii8 or pnpiDto. Tbo lower lip in bilobed. The dorsal is over the veotrala, and nearer tbe head than the toll; ita height aod length are nearly equal. The pcotorals and ventrals are broad and rounded. I be anal fin ia slender and reaches the caudaL The scales ore largest on tbe anterior portion of tbe body. Tbey are slightly longer than high, tbe ornamental concentric ridges of tbo posterior field are broader and lather apart than those of the lateral and auterior fields ; those of the autt^rior uud posterior fields rather remoter about equal in naiub«r, Tnbes of the lateral line arising from tbo centre of radiation. "The tooth are oomprossod, ao that thuir sharp edge projects Inwards; at the time thuy are slightly arched inwards and inwrted obliqnoly o|>ou tbe pbaryn bonea. They increase gradually in size and tbicknosa from above downwards. Tba mafiticatiog ridge of the teeth is transvorso, compressed in the middle and sharp; Ita upiHT uud lower edgtjs are ruuiidcd and more prnjcoliug, tbo inner point, however, more projoctiug than tbe outer oue.*' — (Aoahsiz, Am. Journ. &». ArU, Idio, p. 12U5.) Catostomus Agosstz. 1H55. — "I havu retainud the name of Catoetomus for tbe tjpe to whiob it was origiually applied by For»ter. The body ia elougated, fusiform and slightly coniprewied. Tbe soont is abort and blunt, and projects but little beyond tbo month, which is iuferior. The lower Jaw is short and broad. The lips are fleshy and strongly bilobed below ; tbelr surface is oonspicoonsly granulated or papillat«d. bead is considerably longer than high. The dorsal is lar^o and moatlj in advaaoe tbo ventrals; it« length is greater than ita height. The anal fin is long and sWodeTi and roaobHH tbo oaodol. Tbe sexual difleroncos, so oooapicoous in tbe genus Muxoatoin nud PiycbostomuB, are hanDy tu be uoticed in this geons. The other fins are of moder*' ate stxe, and more or le«a pointed. "The scales arc much smaller on the anterior than on the posterior portion of t! body; ueorly quadratignlar, with roundod angles, hot somewhat longer than high the ornamental concentric ridges of Ibt* poRterior fiidd Imiuder Uiao Ihim** of the iutr aud anterior fields; tbo radiating furrows mora ntimerous tliou in HylomyMin an Plycbottomus, and eacroacbea upon the lateral Ueldn, where, in some spt'cifs, (licy nearly »m numerous aa upon the aiit«riur and posterior fields. Tubesof tlif latornj It wider than in nylomyzon and Ptychostomus. exteudlug frmo Ihn cfuitrn of rndlat to the iHMtcrioT margin. "The pharyngeals are slffut and oompaot, the outer margin not oo Bproadltig m iber. i GEXnS CAT08T0MUS. 1A7 { tb» l««th u« bloutcr and larger comparalirelj tium iu may ■ f^ lfc« txfbe^ iacTCMiug more rapidly In size from abovo dowuwnrda, i «f dM aiddla ar thm «i«h ar« blrvady uf the saoio cast m tbo»o of the lontP p^td ihmwamh\ ibmt etowo l« bloDt avd lb© Inner edge ri»M Into a bluut cwnp."— ^BJbMOllw Ulni«4« ttfiiB. — ** We propoao to iuclade under the hfad uf J/ifto«M#, such ^HpiteiB'M* chonotBraad bf so eleogated and fusiform body, a head longer iLon ' &iB: a'ai^ An «iibar bigbrr than long, or with botb ditueiiftioDs r<]ual. The hyt ,«»aderaU>tjr bilobed. The pharj-ngeala not exitandnl latrtnll^-, but hl/f bast Inwanllj. The teeth compreBaed, decidedlj bicuspid, but the luner ABCaKofied than the outer. The soalM i>fiing nearly of tbi< »aDip tiizc, lattUchilj ■■aWer anttfiorlf than posteriorly." (Iuuludc8 i\ imriffut», C.pUhciu$, and CcLrki^,)— <OnU]IX», nr6C Jo. AVi. Sp, Phiia, 16S6, p. 173.) Aoowv* Ginuil. ItXtA, — "And then giving the name of Acomuk to tboM f]>ecH*A in vbieh tb* bi«d la vary elongated, the dorsAl hi^^her than long, and the ttcalee utuoh ■■Der npoo Ibe anterior region of the body than npun tbo posterior. The lijMi being yi|illatod aikd nuy deeply cleft. The pharjug^alit are gently arebed and uutexpandefl; Iba I— <A eoM»(»rMied and bttnbercnlated, tbe inner prnjtM:^tion oonsp'rcaons; the outer veeWulftie. though exiatiDg." (Inclodon i\/onlrrianu9, C.aurora, C. lattpinnig, C. gtu- aijiiiii, CV 0miwm§mf C. grufut, aad C. Joefariii*.)— (Gikard, Proc Ac. Sat. So, I'tula. »^ ^ 174.) CATiwrtiMTH Oirard, IHTiG. — "Tbo genua Catwlomus, Lo Soenr, would thou l>e r^^ Sled to vuch *pecie« In whirh the head la moderately elouguted, the doruil tli. gen< y IfUicvr than bigb.aud the sir^ of the Bcalea less disproporlioDatc Hntt'rioHy and irt ' in Af»mu», The lipA are paxiillated and deeply cleft. The phnryn)*oaU H- - -1 tittlu expaualoa inferiorly. The teeth are eompreued, vrlih the inner n^attioo of the erowii alone devBh>ped." (Inolndea C. hutigoniun, C. er;mrHHntt, C. ocd- faaafia, C. laMtTM, C. mae^velmi^$^ C* mukUif aud C*. ^emardiMi,)— (GiluAP, /'nw. Ac» Xm. St. mia. ll«0, p. 174.) dtaaTOxr* Qlllt Ie<R5.— "Snout long. Imleral lino proaeit, nearly straight. Lip« ''antuKon XntuyuUnl, A«g. IHCi, p. ID, reprint.) irrr, Itftld. — " Scal^N uf small, nicMlerale ur liirge size. Lateral line It, numlng along the middle of the tail. Dorsal fin of moderate ejEtent, with not Chao almntaevcnte^'n rays, opposite to the veiitraltt, without npinH. Anal tin very but Jeep. Fins of tbn mates gonemtly morn prodaced than those of the fimialest ■ad fhvpieatly with horny tulierclr*^ Houtb inferior, with tho Hpn more or le»s thick' nvd and papillose, tbo lower frequently bilobrd. Barbels iiuue. Gilt-rnkers well _ fcfalopcd, Aoft, th« upper lanceoUte, the lower quite mem bra nnc cons, low folds crosa*' ^^^^■t bon<*. pMrndobraiicltiai. Pbaryogcnl hours sicklu-bhspcd, urnied with n couiIh ^^^^Avi«s of numeruntt compressed levlh, tho teeth b«eonting larger and broader ^^^^k Ibe lower end of tbu Miries."— (GCxtiikh, Cal. F\$h<9 lirit. i/s*. vll, p. 13.) ^^^^■DVmMca Jordan, im>. — **Alr bladder iu two parts ; lateral line* well developed ;i pH^PfMftnMstt ; scales much smaller anteriorly thau posteriorly ; interurbitol spaeo< «tn««i; tody sa1»-uret«.**— <Jori>ax, Jfaa. Vert. lt«7n, p.2D9.) HTfrmuJi'M Jnr — '*Air bl(uld«r In two ports; lateral line w«Il devel- npt l<«|<Mloai< >>K)nt aa large on front part of body as on tail; Inxly 158 coTTTHrainrroNB to north American tchthtologt— m. « taporing rapidly from ttbonlders to tail; lnt«rorhital space ronoave; loui^tio greater than depth of hotly/'— (Jordan, ifa». ytrt. UHTii, p. 292.) CATORTOMr8 Cope & Jonlau, 1877. — " Body oblnng or eloaipite, with a fthnrt, nab- qiiiulrate dorsal tlu ; air blndcler in two parts; lateral lino wall developed ; foiitanoU*^) ilistiiuit."— (JokhaX, Pioc Ji\ Xat. Se. Fhila. ItfTT, I*. SI.) BrpKMTEUUM Jordau, I87a— " Body ohloDg or ulongate, with a short «ab(|tiadrat dorsal; aool raysuniforoily 7 ; fuonffa uunuol. the lower lip undivided or deeply lubed lipa tuberculato; lateral Udo well developed; foDtanelle difittuct ; no niaDdibulacy sheath ; scales moderate, not crowded forwards, about equsi over the body ; body looj;, and UUle oompxesaed; head rranriTersely cocioave betwe<>ii urbitu, long and tlai(«*nMl, the physiofcuoiny being thert^fore p<>eu1iar; venlrnl rays 9." — MouruN, Man. Fert. «d. ^ 3d, li^e, pp. 30^^310. ) I CATt>8T0MUfi Jordan, lWtt.—[ As in tho prwiediug except] **t>cale« siuull, soioUor nut«riorly and inoch crowde<i ; head truDBverseJy convex between orbits ; ventral rays normally 10."— (Jordan, ifam Vert. ed. 3d. 1878, pp. UUD-niO.) DEOAriACTrT.n8 Jordan. 1H78 (ah Hnhgehiis). — ''LxUerol line with tlO to 65 sooleaf snout cumparalively short." — (JoKruN, Mam. f'rrU ed. 2d, p. HIO.) CATO«TOMa8 Jordan, 1878 (as subgenns). — *' Lateral Uuu with about liH> iicalea; iitt uiucb produced."— (JoiiDAN, J/a«. Vert, vt\. '2d, p. 320.) The tbree eabgeDcra here recogiiizetl are characterised below. The single Hpecies of HypenielUtm ih found only eastward of Uie Rocky Mountains. Catoatomu/i and Decadactylug each have represeotativea on both side^ of the mountains. It is a curious fact that the Sonthwesteri representatives of each, as a rule, have the upper lip more developed,] and with more numerons series of papillie, than the Eastern ones. Ii this respect as in others, these Western species approach the genus Pai ioaieusy a group exclusively Western in its distribntion. ANALYSIS or SPRCIKA OK CATOSTOMC8. Scales moderate ; not crowded anteriorly, nearly etinol over tlie body ; 48 to f>5 in lateral line ; 13 to IG in a transverse aerios from clonal to veutruta : liead flattened above, trsusrenwly ooncare betweci^H the orbits, the- frontal lM>no thick, bmad, and short, iba pby^^ sioguomy being thorofore peonlisr: ventral rays ucmioUy !>: upper Up very thick, strongly papiUoso, with a brood, ftee margin, which hue upwards of 8 to 10 Mrios of papllJie upon It. Lower lip greatly developed, strongly papiUne^ oonsiderolly incised behind, bat less so thaa in CorosComiu proper : fontanelle shorter and smaller than in D^cadati^l^ .- pectoral fins anuanally largo. (II^p€ntrlium.) X. Depth 4} to D in loogth ; head 4 to 4^ ; eye rather small, 41 to 5 iu bead : ool olivaceomi; sides with brassy lustre; Itclly white ; baol brown, with several dark oroes-blotohus, irregularly arraoj those beooffltng obsolele in old individuals; lower fiiM diil red, with some dusky shading: oiao large; maximum l«i aboat two leet sioiucAKa. OfiKUfl CATOSTOMU& 159 Pontl wiUi IX dflvelopiHl Tny»i Mules 7-60-5 : head rather loogor, 4 to 4^ in lern^h : peotorat fins rutber longer: colors relatively dnll; uo dtHi'mot wbitieh Htripea along the vovih of Hcules. nigricans, Doml with 10 developed raya: sooIm 6-4H-5: bead rather shorter. 4^ in length : pectoral flni rather shorter : colors brighter ; block- bh above; belly abruptly white; a pale spot at the base of each scale, tbeae forming conspioaous whitieh streaks aloog tlierowsof scale* etotcanut, radoOMl, and (irowdtid anteriorly more or lem ; .->8 to 72 In the lateral hue and about 20 to 2o iu a transverse sr-rieH from the ven- trab* to the dorsal : snout moderate or iiitber eJiort. (Z>Ma- dactyiu*.) lively thin, with but few (3 or 3) rows of papillm. with but 10 or 11 developod rays ; scales but little reduced in sice forwards. k. Body nuwlecately fttont ; di^pth 4} in lenfctb ; head very small and short, about & in length; ey« moderate; fins all notably small: scales amall, snbef|nal, ^7(M>, larguron the mtddleof the btnly than oa the caadal prdnnole: hotly with scattered, dusky, nebu- looaspota cumrki, 25. Body ralfaar elongate, aubterete, heavy at the sboolders and ta[ioriog back- wards, the depth sliont Ti in length; head moderate, abont 4^ in length; month comparatively small; lips moderate, tbe upiter narrow, with aliont two rowa of large tnberclea : soalea IHUa crowded forwards, 58 to 63 iu the luttfrnl line, 19 in a onMB-ierim : a soriea f>{ dasky spots along each row of sen les, aain iflayfrvMa melanops; the spots sometimes obscure, INSIONIit, 26. npOBt with II to 13 developed rays: scales much reduced and erowded ante- riorly. c Body modetatoly stoat, varying with age, snbterete, heavy at the shnul- den, the depth 4 to 4f in length ; bead rather large and stout, eonieal, ilattlah above, its length 4 to 4^ in bo<1y (3j to 4} in yooDg) * snout moderately prominent, scarcely overpaaaing lb* mouth; rooulh rather large, the lip« strongly papillnae, the upper moderate, with two or three rows of papillie: ■cales crowded anteriorly, much larger ou the »id<^s than be- low; aoalae 1&-64 to 70-9: coloration olivaceous; males In ipdng with a faint rosy lut'i^ral band ; yonng browoisb, more or haa mottl(^d, often with about throe large conllnont lateral Uotoboa, which sometimea form an obscure lateral band. TKRE8, 27. Up Uilok and foil, with mtoibI (5 to B) rows of papillic : scaleo crowded forwar«U. ■ i 160 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — Ul, I FoaiuDcUo veil developed : lips witbout evident oarcilftgloooB ■beftlh. d. Dorsal fin comparatively long, of 13 to M rnya. 0. Month qaite large^ with very large lips, Uie Dp|ier fall and with 6 to 8 rowM of strung papilliv: head large, 4^ in Irog rather narrow, qnidrangnlar, the snont projectios: Urge: dorsal fin much longer than high, its raya abont scales 12-72-10 : colorattun rather dork ; a dusky lati stripe MACKOciin.uo, ee. Month comparatively email, ■mailer than in C (em; the tippw thick, vith 5 or 6 rows of papiUv, which are moderal large: head rounded above, 4^ iu length, the profile xt than in C. ttrrji, tho snont more pointed, tho two aides of head more convergent forwards: eye small : dorsal fin than high, its rays 13 to 14: scales 13-72-10. nOCIDKKTAUB, dd. Dorsal fio short, higher than long, of obont II developed rays ; in length, rather hinulish: uionib niotlerste, the labial papl bkrgely developed, the opper lip full, with about & rowfl large bat rather sparse papillis: aeales ld-74-lOt color d4 above; sides clouded with blaok and yellow... laBUTIT8| \t Fontanelle very small and narrow : both jaws with a weak cartilaginous shw body elongate, fusiform, subterete, the greatest depth 4} U in length : head small, conical, 4| in It^ngth : mouth qd lar^, with full, thick lips, the upper very wido and pende with about 6 rows of very strong papilla: lower lip ti lobed, similarly papillose : inlemrhiral space wide, conri eye elevated, ]M>nl:cr{or, qnito small: fins moderair; dof higher than long, with ID, rarely 11, rays; ventral rays 1 scales small, crowded forwards, 10 or %70-Q: color dal ■oales with dark punolulatious ....•• ....ARJEOPt^s. < BooleiTery small, mnoh reduced and crowded anteriorly; ^ to 115 iu thi* lata line, and 35 to 40 In a transverse serioa from the vt-utnli tho dorsal : body and head more or less elongate i sides wU lirond rnny or orange lateral band in spring malea. {C $tomuB.) $ Fontaoellowell developed: jaws witbont evident cartilngiuoasshvatb. /. Upper Up comparatively thin and narrow^ with bat few (3 or 4) n of papilln. g. Bofly shorter than in tho next, bat0tnio1ongated,ttsgn>atcstde] 4i to 5 in length : brad vi>Ty large and long-acuminate muzKlo nearly one-balf its lf<ngtb, overliunglug tho rati large month : lips moderate; t-be nppcr pcudout, with abou rows of small papillic: tho lower rathrr full, ftin<.^ lose: eye nearly niodlau, ralhor siuall, Hi iu h- ■mall and crowded forwards, oloaely lnibrlcal*d, t OEKUS CATOSTOMUS. IGl Um eoutan of tbe UUral Hue «fid'ab<iut 28 In a croBa-t»en«« from ilonwl to vrntrnls : coloration very dark; fins dusky; Hcaleaertfry where flnely jinnrtatis Size Urge, .tauoknsjh, 32, Body f^Inugate, siiliteretr. Ibo dopib 4^ t« 4} in lengtb : bead qaite loug »ihI aU*ftr1er, 4^ to 4} in leogib. depretibed and tluttcned iftbov«, broad nt Uuao, but tap«ring into a long anoiit, whioli considi'nbly oveiliuuf;^ tb» Urge uimith; li|M tliit^k, eimiiwly tabc'rcii)At«, the upjicr lip narrow, wilh 2 or U rows of tnberclea: eyo rather RmoUt bobiud tbu iniddleof tba beud: soaJae very ainall, much cniwdw] forw-trda, X to 114 id the ooane of tbfl lutcrnl line, and about i\) (tM to :U) in a oroaa njw from dorsal to vanlrala : donuil mya 10 or 11 : malea In ■pring with tbe haad and anal fin profusely tubercnlato, tbf< (abtrdea on tbe bend ainall ; ibe aidca at that aeaaou with u broad ronj band: aise large; the largeat apecies in the gcaoa.. ijONOiRORTmn, :f4. /f. Upp«r Up Tery broad, wirli aeveral (ft or ('») rows of large papiU»!i' i. Bwly long and aleudtfr, subterete, comprt^Hseil behind, the form oaieQtLallj that of C loitgiro«tri*f the depth rontained 5^ times In tlie length : bead large. 4 in lengtli nf body, the int4.TnrhitJil space broad aud llat.S} in length of head: eyo soiall.high up and rulher posterior; preorbitat bone very long nod tdender, ito length abont three limes its depth : mouth large, precisely as In r, latipinniM, the upper lip pendent, very Ixu'ge. with 5 to d series ut tubercles: dorsal fin not elungate*! or cepeuiHlly elevated, itn rayi* It, the beginning of tbe doraal mncb nearer base of caudal tbansnont: caudal tiu long and strongly forked: anal fin long and high, reaching base of candul : ven- trals nut reaching vi^nt : candal peduncle stout and deep, its leoffl depth more tbao one-third length of bead, its length about two-thirds that of hend: scales qnit« small, about as in hnffiroMtrit, tbe exffoaed portion not notably Inugthi^ned: flbaat with wcll'developndacalee; acalealG^lOO-H: colorattou duaky brawn, a dusky lateral band, pale lielow, the dark eulnrs extundlug low ; hnnuliiuiredark: biMAlurgu..RKTi{OF'rNMS, 3.V 44. Body slender and elongaCr, the caudal pednncle eaiieoluUy long and very •lender, the depth 5^ in (he length: head uHMlenite, 4| tu length, rather slender, with prominent anutit awl rather eontrmot«d, inferior luonlb ; outline of tbe mouth triangular, tbe apex forwards ; tbe lips very thick, greatly developed , lower lip im-i»ed tu the hiwe, it-s (Mxiterior margin extending baokwards tn oppotite the eye: Jaws with a alight cartjla- glnonp pellicle: eye small, high up: proorbital bone broad, searrely twice as long a» deep: scales long and low, poMterl- orly rounded, their horizontal dlametsr greater than the ver- B4iJt N. >L Xa 12— n 162 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — III. tical. 17-9B to 105-17: fioa vxcewiToly developed, m more elevated in Ibc nialoa tUiui in thr frmnlo*, tbr* border of ibn dumul, id tbe malMt at least, dt^vpl^ ihri«ed 3 the males, tbe height of eiuth of the three vehlca) fiiu greater than the length of the head: donnl niys 13^ beginning rather uean-r Buout (ban bociO c>f doival : cnoda^ especially strong, tbe rodiaienUry roys at ita bsM^ nnuin j devt>lui>t.'d : legist depth of cuudol pednncle lea than oue-1 length of bead : coloration ratiicr eilvcry, tbe malr.H protN rosy and tnhvrcu late in spring.. ............... UtTlPlXNlS] f^Fontftoelle almost oblitvrated, redaced to u narrow silt: eachjjbw wilb a « developed c&rtiliigluuus abeaib (as in Paplvointt). 3. Body eabt«rete, compressed 1>ehind,the diiilb 5 in length; terorbital gpoce 2 in bead : bead <)nite abort, broad ; rounded above, 41 m length : eyo small, far back and high G in head: month very large, infe.rior, brncath tbe prcjcctl snout: upper lip very full, pendent, with abont^rowaaf beroles upon it : lover lip very foil, moderately iririscd,* about 10 rons, a notch separatiu); the uppt-r lip fktMU I lovrer, uuoh jaw with unligbtly curved ejirliliigiuouH sltealb ita edge, tbe two parallel with each other and Bttiug oIm together: fins small: dorsal rays U; candal hrtlo foik acoles 15-90-11, very much reduced forwards and subject many irregularities : colors dtibky : %\t« small . . DISCOBOLCS^ 24. OATOSTOMUS NIGRICANS he Sueur. Bog SufJcm". Hog MuUtt. Hog MoV^. CnnrUc-hotton, Slonr Rotlfr. Stout lb StoHC Lugger, Hammirr-hcod. Mud Svckvr. a. Subspecies vignpaHK, .lf?l7 — Cato9tomv8 nigricant Lc Scet'Ii, Jouiu. Ae. Nat. 8c. PhJla, 109. Catottomua nigran* (mc) Khitlami. Kept. Zool. Ohia, 168. 183ef. CmiMtomiu nigricamii l>eKAV,Ncw York FsnuA, purC iv.risbes/JOS, H-l^ Cat9$t«miu Higrioam* Ci'Vir.ii 6l VALKNCii':>'Nr.«,nittl. Nut^ den r*iina. x' ltM4. fUiliMitomuB nitfrivaim SToRF.tt.SyuopitiH, 4*^1, 1K4f>. H^hmgsitii uigrimtiK AoAbbiz, Am. Jonrn.Sc). Arfd^Ud Ferlr8,xix.120G, li Hglom$ton nigrimnt Vvtham, Bull. Mas. Cump. Zool. 10, IH^a. n^lomgzon ti\grkait» Copk. Vtxta. Ac. Nat. Sc. rbllii.£Q5, \r^\ ikLtMtomun nigricant t'oi'K. Juiiru. Ar. Nat^ Kr. IMtilu. 'ZUi, ItUiH. C4i0»t9mwi nigricoHB GONTllKR.Cut.I'l«bes ririt.Mua. vii. 17. Idlfii CaloalouiM nigricoBt CorK. Prw. Am. riilloB.Soc.Pbilft.4C8,lW0. Ilylomnioa uiyru'atui Joni>AN. Fisbc* *y( Inil. U31, lt*7r>. ffgprii^etium witjrivutin .limpAA', hull. lUilhiln Sue, Nat. His(.9&, iHTft. IIjljtrMtrtlnm ni'jricanti JottliAy,}k\i.'- *■' '''M, ti"7t». CatuKtomun Kigricttrm t7iiLSR & Li hca of BrtAiylaud, 13^, t*fiC' HjtptnttUm nigriant Nki^ox, Rnti CAT0ST0MU8 NIGRICANS. 163 gjf fiiliwi lUyHodM Jqkdis &. Coi^ulaxd, Chuck LUt, 166, tW(l Citttfiomvi Ri^MM JoRDAK, Aqd. Lye. I^fat. 1] iftT.. N. Y. xl, 343. 1877. agprntttiam nisnicans Jokdax A: (tiLDKUT, in Klippart's Rcpt. 53, 1976. Btftmi^mm miyricaM Jordak, DiilL U. S. Xut. Miih. ix,n4, 1877. UfynttUum hIj^'^cum Jordan, Man. Vert. ed.'ii1,:ilO, 1H78. :i7-Cifl«l#i«wij martt//Mi«>t Lr ScEcn, Joiim. Ac.Not. Sc. Pliiln. 103, OMwfvmiw fNonf Jonr« DeIvay, New York Fannn, jmrt I v, FiBhiw. 203, 1S42. CahwtoMM MMttrotttn Cuvnut <8c Valbiccucnnes, Hist. Nat. des Poiiis. xvii,464, 1644. CaWMin momIomi Storkr, 8jnopfliii,423, IfiAd. CstotlomMt maculoMUM l^tti.KR &. hloGKn, Fittbes of Maryland, 1!^, 1870. t^7— /ImrtaMHM MMrrupr^rum RAKixE8<iUB, Joiim. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pbilo. 420. BjipniUiiHM mitrropttrnm RxFiSKBiiVK, Ich. Oh. 68, 1820. Bfpemkttmm maeropternm KiiiTuiNn. Rept. Zool. Ohio, 1C8, lettS, Tin§ttmwm wiccr^ttmm Crvii^it & Valrsctk\m:j<, xvli, 480, 1814. £ns/oi««in maeropterum 9TORSlt.8yiiupftJs.4S8. 184G. \tsti~€atoUomu» zMtthopu* RAFiNES<tl'K, Icb. Ob. &7. i'atotUmutM t mrgtutomtta Rakinksqi^, Icb. Ob. SO. (Mwt likely mythical.) H^-Cart*i0ntu0 p!aiticrp$ Cwtr.n &. Valbncikknfs, Hist. Nat. deaPoitwoos, xvii, 450, CatoUomiu pJanierpt Storer, Sytiopsia, 426, 1840. aa, Sal)(tpod<»i«foiraNif«. IS7— C>lafto«» niffrieatit vur. etotcann* Jont>x2t, Ann. Lye. Nat. HUt. N. Y. xi, 34o. Baiwtat.— Xrw Yi»rk siinl MantlauJ to North Carolina; wt-st to the Great Plnlus. r'tr.fiMMaaf Id tbcAlalHuiia River. Mostcomiuon intlio Central Mi^aiaaippi Basin ; not Lmwo Ih^in tin •trMoia of tlio South AUaulic 8tatM,*^xcepliD£the Savannah Riv«r. This Kpedci} 18 ODO of the most abund.iiit and wiilely distributed of ^8uckt.'r». It nbouiuls in rapids and shoals, especially in the linger IIS uud its fliiignlar, aiinust eoaiical form is taiuitiar to every ttboolboy In the Weat. Its powerful pectoral fins render it a Bwit'ter Uh in the wAter timn nny others of ita family. Itfi bubit \» to rest voUiMilpHs no the InjUom, where its mottled colors render it difflcnlt to ^ttJBgaiKb from the Htones umoiif^ whirh it lies. When distuilted, it tesavAjr very quickly, alter ibo maimer of tbo Kibeostomoids. Tbey It'll go \a flockn of eight to ten. I have never yet fonnd this species muddy water, and when placed in tbo aquarium it is one of \n^t li.ihei* 10 feel the iuduence of impure water. In my oxpe- it in a Ash M peculiar to the clear streams as the species of i>r (JrawWra are. Professor Agnssiz speaks of it as the VodSoi-t. ' biiH niinied it ZTi/fonij/^on, in allusion to its nmd-Iovihja^ 1. . . lunate that that name has become a synonym^ for it is Ay a uiisnomer. ^tkiekerreocheKKlengtbofabout IS inches. Itisuotmuch viducj 164 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH A5IEEICAN ICHTHVOLOOV — III. as footl, but is ofton c^tugbt by bnys with a spear or nnnre. In coinpa]i.r with other speoiefl of Catostomtta ixu*X Mpsoatoina^ it ascends all onr West- ern streams in April for the purpose of depositing its spawn. The Soatbern form, which I have desiguated as var. etouranusy is uioro intensely colored and diflers in some minor respects. It freqnenis, great abnndnnce, the clear tributaries of the Etowah, Oostananla, aa Coosa Rivers, in company with Potaiuocothat mcriilionaliM (jop/w-Tu*), a species to which the young of the Caioslomva bears much reseuiblauoe as seen iu the water. The synonymy of this species has been well worket? out by Professor Agassiz. The variutions in age and appeaninee have given rise to a number of nominal species, most of which have, however, already beetl disposed of. The oldest ei>eciftc name, nit/ricanjty htu* been tlie one niostr generally employed. The generic name used de|»eud8 ou whether wo consider this species geuerically distinct from the type of Cntostomiut o not. It would seem — if we may so speak — as if Nature had intended Ilt/pentclium for a distinct genns, but not being an ex|>ert iu geuerie characters, had failed to provide it with any which can stand our test The name Et/hmyzoii, being a simple synonym of HjjpertteUumy of cou cannot be used. Katinesquc'S account is much inferior to that of Pro*' fessor Agassiz, and the fit;uro given by him is oue of the worst evef publishiHl, still his typical species is readily identifiable, and hts name for it cannot be set aside. I^ecimfn* in Unitrd Sfalm ytttional A/wMvni. Number. Locality. CoUeotor. Cayuga l.ake, K«w York Cintlnnati, Ohio l^corae, Mich Daiiititiilge, Pu. Blnck R vor, Ohio * Toouemev yellow Orpok. Ohio lioni Rivrr, Wisooouti Etowah Rivrr, Georgia (typoaof viir. rtowanmt) White River, IntlinDa Savaiiimh Rivt*r ,. J.W.MUdw. J.W.Uilner. T.H, B«H». B. K. Balrvt. BcrkwitiL ar.Daird. 0.&JonlaD. n. R. Jon!uu t>. S. JfirrUn. CAT08TOMUS. INSIGNIS. 166 CATOSTOMU8 CLAKKI liaird d' Girard. . ' J .-.oniwj rlitrku Uaiiii* Je.GniAia>, Proc. Pbila. Ac. Nut. 8c. 27. • .:.;,.^,M» viariii Atix^su, Am. Jotini. 8c. Art«, 'Jd t^ories, xix, 30B, 1B55. ViNMairXariiJ OnuRU, Proc. Ao. Nat. 8c PbU». 173. XBtA Mm9m»$ ctoftoi G»tAM>. U. 8. Mex. Bound. Surv. luhth. 38, pi. xxii, f. £i-8, 1859. C^^tatmrnm* tiarkii Joiidak Si Cv^aLxxu, Cbeck Li6t, 160, 1876. JhinAr.— Bio Santa Crax in Arizona. Nothiu^ ia koowa of thU specieH except from the fifc^re given by tinuni aittl the di^scripUons published by Batrd nud Oirnrd. The pets uf the speciea tire not to be fimiid in the Museum, and Do^MK;iujeu& of roceut collection which appear to belong to it U iw^ms, however, to be a valid species, related to C. innignia. lBiU|tt Imvo not beeu tiered, heuce I can only infer that it bolongs to Um groap vritb a narrow upjter lip. 20. CATOSTOMUS INSIGNIS Baird <fc Oirard. Spotted JSMckar, lUtKn & OiKAKDf Froc. Pbila. Ac. Kak 6c. 28, 1S54. tM iumffnU GiRAU>. Proc. Ao. Nat. Sc, Pbila. 17*J, 185($. immgrnis GtfURir, V. 8. Mex. Boand. Surv. Icbtb. 117, pi. xxi, f. 1-4, 1859. iaWynr CufK A Yahiiow, Whe-^Ier's Expl. W. lOOtb Mer. v, Zool. B76, 1976. CaimUrmuM inuijniA JoitPAN di C'opKLAND, Cbock LiBt, t50f 1870. lUitrrAT.— TribaLariw of tUo Rio Gila. The original types of this apeciea, from the Rio San Pedro, are now twt The specimens collected by Dr. JKotbrock iu Anb Creek, Arizona, rvferred to this Kpecies by Professor Cope, undoubtedly belong The i^pecies is a well-marked one, both as to form and coloration. kit Minomusj of which it waH made the type, appcaro, however, tangible eiistence. epttimM9 im United 8lat$s SutiMal J/umhih. ^mtkm. Locality. CoUeotor. - Aata Cnok, Arizona Dr. J. T. Bothroek. 166 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICIITHYOLOOY UI. 27. CATOSTOMU8 TERES [MitchaC) Le Sueur. Common Suciur, ffhite Siteko', bfook Sueka: /Uc-moM Snek&r, 1303 — l^ Cifprin comatemonlen LAC]!:pfei>K, IIiBt. Nat. doH Poitw. r, 50*2, 508. Catwtomuit mmmtrtntitii Jordan, Man. Vvrt. mI.SiI, :12U, ld78. 18 C^rin uii oaiofitomuf PviCK, Mum. Am. Acad, ii, pt. "it |i. 55, pi. 2, f.4. (Not Foretor.) 1614— C^priniu terf Mitchiu., Lit. and PUil. Trans. Now York, i, 458. Cafotftomuff Itm Lk Sueub, Joam. Ao. Nat. 8c. Fbiliu 108, 1817. CatontomM frr^ Tho>ii>(jon, Ulnt. Vt. 134, 1642. CatoaXomm icrtM Cutikr & Vali<:ncienne8. xiE, 4G8, 1844. CttUmimntu tettm Storer, SynopniB, 423, 1846. CatoMtoiHua trrvH Agamiz, Am. Joorn. Sc. ArU, 2d aerie«, xlx, S08, 18S5. CatoHomwi Umm GttNTKEH, Cat. I'ishra Brit. Mna. vii, 15, lHti8, CatonUfmwi tovs CoPB« Proo, Am. Pbilos. Boo. PbiU. 468, 1870. CotostomuM tert^ Jordan, Finlnw of Iud.2:il, 1875. Cuto$toiniu tern .loitDAX, Man. Vert. 29:^, IH76. Cntotiomta trm Nrlsox, Bnll. No. 1, Ills. Mas. Nat. Hi«t. 48. 1876. Catotsiomu* tere* Jukdan &. CofRLANi>, Check List, 156, 1876. CatostomuB ttm Jordan &. Giliieict, in ICIipparC'ft K«pt.53, 1876. CatoatomuM terta Jordan &. Gilbert, iu Klippact's First Report Ohio Flab Com- niiftftion, 84, pi. xii. f. 18-19. 1877. VaU}9tomu4 frrtw JoRKan', Bull. U. S. Nat, Muh. ix, 37, 1877. 1617 — Calottomua rommuniv Lr Subur. Joiirn. Ao. Nat. Sc. Phila. i. D^i. CatoHtnnHg oommuHia DisKay, New Yorlt Faunae part iv, Fiahes, 196, 1842. Catoatomtis communis CuvrKK &. YAl.ENCtCNNKs. Hiitt. Nat. dea Poiaaona. 42ft, 1844. Catoatomtu communiM Kirtland, BnAtim Jnurn. Nat. Hist. ▼, 366, 1845. Culoatomnii communia Storrr, Sfnopsifi, 421, 1846. Caioatomua oommania Cope, Jonm. Ac. Nat. Sr. Phila.33ti, 1868. Catoatomua communia Vm.KR & LvOGHn, Fisbm uf Murylaud, 138, 1676. 1917 — CaUtitomna boatontenala Lk Sukur, Joarn. Ad. Nat. Sc. Pbila. 106. CrttontomHM boslotiieMula Storkr, Rep^ Ich. Mom. 84, l**:^. Caloatomua boBtonirmaM CuviKR t!t ValeNCIENNES, Hist. Nat. dot Foiaaous.xrt 432, 1844. *Cato»lomaM tioatonirnain SlORKR, SyunpsJH, 423, 1846. CiiUmtomiM btmlofiirtinia Pt'TNAM, Bull. Muh. Coinp. Zool. 10,1863. CatoatwHHM hoatvnietuiia Gill, Canadian Nat. p. 19, Aag. \SfS5. Catottomtu himUmktifia 8torer, Hist. Fisbvs Maas, 290, pi. xxii, f. 3. 1867. Caioatomua boahtticmia Tiiorbait, Week ooCvDoord and Morritnaok. 38, ypIO^ filiiiir Ill Jtrxttoatta BAFiNC^goB, Ich. Ob. 59. 183A— Catwtfomux hu(ltonit$a RiOHARDttON, Frauhlln's Jonrnal, 717. 1A23. (Nul o( Sneur.) C^prtmtu {i.atoatomun) httdaomua RicHAflDSOK, Fauna Bor.-Am. nshes, lU, VSK, (£xol. »yn.) ySS^—CyprtHua iCatuatomiM) frUeutatna RxC3UUDSON,l-*anna Bor.-Aiu. II CATOSTOMl.'S TKRK8. 167 illaS- w ffTurHit XirrriJhXP. Ecpt. Zool. Ohio, 168. - ni^icdNJf Stukrk. Krpt. li:li. Miisn. ^0. (Nol of Le Saearj la nigricatiB Tuoui'SuN, Hist. Vermont, 135, H-13, -CitMtoaMij jwfliilw DkKay, New York Fauna, pnrt iv. Fishes, 200. -CalMltrMM aarco/vn Cuvikk & VALKNOtKS'NBs, Hist. Nht. dee Potss. xvU, 439. (Mol uf Lo 8uoDr.) »Ja>(MW« a«ry(]/u« < . i at. t'i^Utui Brit. Mtu. vti, 10. 10B8. 1^30— OsCtfflpiiio/oraCtt lilt i/.LuUe 8ujK*iior, 304. I)!SS— C«/MtoiMM/or«<n^<ii>tt« A0a86IZ, Am. Juarn.^i:. ArU,2d Mne«, xtx,S08. jM«iM/i>r«f«riaNiiit OiiuitP. Proc. Ac. Nat. S<r, Phlla. 17:J, IbM. nc-dltefmm iwiHIf f}t\ikM>, Proc. Ac. Nat. So. Pfailo. 175. C«i0^MMi fMofclH OitiAiin, U. 8. Pac. R. R. Kxpl. x, pi. 11,220, 1^5^. CmlmtBmtt ntcktU Coi'K. lUydeu's Goul. 8urv. Wyuaiitig, 1870, 4H4, 1872. CctoifffjiMri ntcktegi Joui>an t\: CoPKi.ANri, Check List, 15G, IdTO. laW— # CotoftomiM tcxattHM Aiilott, Proc. Ac Not So. Pliilu. 473. fCatMtomMt ttuantu Jordan &, Coi'EtAND, Check Lint, ISO, 1876. IM—CmAttomuM vhhropUrtm AiiBfvrr, Proc. Ac. Nat. 8c. Pblta. 473. CafHommM chtoropterum CopK, Proc. Ao. Nat. 8e. Phtln. 85, 1865. CatottomMM ekloriiptmtM Jdudax &. CoI'KLand, Check Ijint, ltA\ 1876. MW fhumamuB alucolua Corx A. Yaiuiow, Wbetiltir's Expl. W. llXith Mer. r. ZooL 677. OclpafeaiMi altintlum Johimn & CuI'IXano, Cbet-k Ll»(, Krf't, 1'376. ,|0S— JtfgifwfffJiia truignatuiH /('i>t'i 'i C(ii'K«V YaukoW, WliecUr'H E\\tL W, lOOtli Met. v, ZooL €79. XMmjfcoh triAtgnaivM Jtmuxs &. Copeland, Clirck Lint, L'>7, 1^7^^ HaWTat.— All atreaniH Trum Labrador to Florida aud wuBtwurd to Iho Rucky Monnt- ba Znvfjmhen AbuDdant. The most widely didtribnlvd of tbo CatoiHomUlie, ThU H|»ecl«^ in tli<* eoniiuourat of all the Siickors in nearly ever)' I^x*ky Monotains, In Canada, in New Kngland, in in tbo Mifwififiippi Vallev, in 8oiitb Oaioliun, in Georgia, AlabacDA, It is everywhere the coinmoneBt Sncker, Htid it certainlj im to DttkotA, NvbmKkii, Kiinsns, Colorado, aud Texas, thoagli bow kl> I am unable to say. L'ctes iH everywheix^ the one to wbicU the name of '*3ucker" iwiiufil^ belongs, iho other 0i>ecleft, though often called ^*Sacker^,as iMffI of general term, receiving the 8i>ecial name^of Betl Horse, Buffalo, 1ftttl> liSncktT, etc TUu. ......i.s M MubJt'Ct 10 considerable variattons in different waters. in iliAdMl brooks, it la dark-colored aud rather slender. In oi)en or anU>' w«t4«r», It bouomeM pale. In the Great Lakes, it ol'ten reaches a (ooiiikrable siiu; attd a proportioiial stoiUne^s uf body. The adult ia ■vUl/uiiifonnly cul^iriHl aliove. Young ll-slieK Ij to 3 iiichea in length ^ «ll«ti variegated, and soaietimes show three or four lateral dark J 168 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGT UL blotches, which are Rouietimes confluent into an irregular dusky band* Suah little fishes usually have the lateral line iui|»erfeot. Ou such, th< nominal species Moxoittoma trisignaUim was based- TUo male lishes iu the spring show a more or less distinct pinkinb oi rosy lateral band. The males and females ascend the small streams ii the spring for the purpose of depositiug their spawn. The coiuciUenm of their times of migration with that of some of the early settlers of Illi- nois, who u^ed to come up from ]^ew Orleiins iu the spring, returning, in the full, has giveu to the natives of that State the slang name ui "Suckers", as natives of Michigan were called " Wolverenes"; of Minm ita, "Gophers"; of Wisconsin, "Badgers''; of Indiana, "Hoosiera"; »hio, *• Buckeyes"; and of Missouri, ** Pukes". I have elsewhere adopted the name ^^ comviergoni^ for this si»eciei imisniuch us there is little doubt that It ia the ^^Cyprin oommersonien^' of Lacepetle, as has long since been noticed by ValeDciennes. • Dr. Giiulher qaotes, in the synonymy of Catostomus Urea, ^*'C}fprin\ comtnersonnii Lac^[>eile"; bat, on examination of Liicep^le's work, I nm^ unable to tind that he uses the name commrrsoni, or in fac!t any claasical name whatever for the 8i>ecies, and as priority of date can hardly claimed for a French uame like ^^Cyprin commn'tumien ", I am comiK-lletll to fall buck on MitehilFs very appropriate name t€rc9 for the specie* The identity of C. teres of Mitchill, C. communis and C. bogtoHtetuU of Sueur, Cr«(tcu/«ftt«ofKichardson, C. j;r(R-j7i^of Kirtland,and C./>affi</ii« of DeKay has been long since shown, and has been generally admitted^ by late writers. C. nigricam of Btorer and Thompson, from the Ooa«9 necticut, is evidently the dusky brook form of this species, and not the tiue nigricainf o( Le Suear. It is equally evident that the species called C\ aureolus by Valenciennes and Giinther is the present one and not Myji'ostoma aurvolum, Agassiz's CatoHtomus forHicrianun is doubtless the cumniou lake form of 0, ierts^ ns indicated by I>r. Giinther. The * Tbr t'ollowmK i» l4ic{i>^e'a drAeriplloD of tiU **Le CyptiH Commrrwnifu ** : — "Odzo nyoD8 & la dorsule; hail 4 la nugvnire dv I'iiiius; dix k clinqiu- vcnl bait on aeuf it obaqnu peotonile ; la oagcoire du du« cl ci'Ue du ranu« iiaadrilAt' ranal 6troitc ; Tangle de I'oxtrtimil^ tie vettc deruiftre Dageoiro trte niga ; U e»u« en crutimuit; la li^ne luternle droits; la niacboiro Bup^^rluura p1asovftDo6e qu« oell ■reii boB; lea ^coillea arroiirti«a et Uiftpetitea. ** Le ooniinersonien, dont Dooi publloDH let prumlora ta ducriplion, «t que lo sawn^ CainuierwHi a nitw^rv^f pn^citp ttti double orifice pour L-baqui* narino; nu t -ai do pift IU<« iicaiUes ; ks veulruloe «t mm iteeUiTn\*m Bont nrrun JtM 4 Ivut ilonwle k'tflbvo Ten lo mlticu de la lungoeur lulaU d« hi pubwuu.** cal le<ll CAT08TOMU8 TERES. 169 if C tncklii are Iu8t, btit C Ureg occnrs in tlie Upper Mi&sonri nod Girard^tt desctiption Iiint8 at ao specific difTerence. Catonto- ekhrvpUron Abbott is evidently the same. CtitotttomuH tejcanns dv«cnt»e<l from u dried specimen, is less clear, but what tbero is if ipeoific cbamclerization iu tbe description |>oints to C. teres, Tbe eftriDation is frequently observinl iu stuffed fisbes m wbicb Hi»me islrft In ttie bm^k to sbrink iu dryingjenviugtboback *''c:iriii:itH(P. bAVi! exuniined severnl of tbe types of CatostoniuH aHU'ohi8ijO\ie, are all smttU fisbes, uot uue-tourtb {^ruwu, aud, as usual iu yuung tb<» beiid appears pro|)ortionally large. I see, bowever, do ren- for consi«]eriug tbein diflerent from Catostomvg ierat. MoxDHtoma turn I have already referred to. The absence of tbe lateral line miIdii tu their youib, uot to tbeir belonging to a difi'erent genus. The three largu latenil spots, " not seen in any other of the order,'' are Jnud CHI yoang specimena of CatotttomvH geuendly. I have examined ifo lyfies of *'Moxostnnm tritiignatum^y and have found specimens of Miltreixe, fumil^u'ly colored and \^itbout lateral line, from Micbigau and (Mother \Ve<^m States. I would undertake tu mntch tbem from any Kraun in the West. Tbo reference of these specimens to Moxostoma i>t«y9tm) wftM probably the result of a very hasty examiuatiun. Spv^mmi JR UnUed Statet Sniional -Museum. vm tioeallty. CarlUlit. Pft MaoUjid Lttkn Cbftinpl&in. .. aUHcUAfObio rm pact flanKLf Mich. '«fx>ot4>. Canndtt ..•••. ...•..). 170 CONTEIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMEBICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — HI. Speeimen$ in United States National Mueeum — Continued. Number. 8664 8671 8728 W59 8834 8870 89S7 8964 9041 9054 9059 9157 9170 9182 9195 9207 9393 9404 9503 9646 9875 10540 11146 11147 11148 12320 12915 12936 12937 12939 12940 15356 15777 17099 1«258 1825U 20010 20057 20097 20194 20195 Locality. Huron Biver, Michigan Oswego, N. Y Alabama Miasouri (t)..... Pembina. Red River of the North Anx Plainee River, IHlnois Lake Champlain £!corse, Mioh Abbeville, S. C Mississippi Valley Black River ... ,. -. Lake Superior Saudiisky, Ohio Sandusky, Ohio Sandusky, Ohio Potomac River Twin Lakes, Colorado (alticolus) South Httdley Falls, Mass South Hadley Falls, Mass South Hadley Falls, Mass South Hadley Falls, Mass Buinbridge, Pa Twin Lakes, Colorado (types o{ alticolus) Arkansas River, Pueblo, Col. (types of tririgHatum). Potomac River Potomac River Yellow Creek, Ohio Brownsville, Tex ^ Slug Sing, N. Y > Northern Bonndary Sarvey, Dakota Colleotor. Bony. S. F. Baud. Barry. R.Kennioott. R. Kennioott G.Clark. F.Baiid. W.M.loer. W.Milner. W. Milner. W. Milner. W. Milner. T. Rotbrock. W. Milner. W. Milner. W. Milner. W. Milner. H. Bean. T. Rothrock. £. Aiken. B.Goode. B.Ooode. F.Baitd. ar.Baiid. CATOBTOHU8 MaCBOCHILUS. 171 ^MofawM in United StaUa National ^iwe»m— Continued. Kvaber. »U1 9D838 90967 S0Q16 «344 90377 taxa 90454 90n8 Locality. Piormoot, N. Y AUdisoo, Wis Quebec, Canada Fox River, WisconBiQ Sing Sing Boot Biver, Wisoonain Potomac Biver , Potomac Btver Platte Valley, Nebraska , Wilkesbarre, Pa Etowah Biver, Qeorgia Salada River, Soath Carolina Fort Bridger, Wyoming Collector. S. F. Baird. S. F. Baird. S. F. Baird. S.F. Baird. 8. F. Baird. S.F. Baird. Goodedc Bean. House. L. H.Taylor. D. S. Jordan. D. 8. Jordan. 28.* 0ATO8XOMUS MACROCfllLUS Oirard, Large-lijtped Sucker. i'K-CatotUmne Mooroekeilua Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. 8c. Pbila. 175. CaUttt0mu$ macrocheilH8 Oirard, U. S. Pac. R. R. Expl. x,ti25, 1858. Cato§tomu$ macrochiltu GCntiirr, Cat. Fishes Brit. Mas. vii, 20, 1868. CatotU>mm» maerookilus Jordan Sl Copelakd, Check List, 156, 1876. Habttat. — Colnmbia River. Only the origiDal type of this species is known. It is an adult spe- 00160, well preserved. Although this species seems closely related to C. oeeidentalie, I am disposed to consider it distinct, as the mouth is ttoubly larger than in any oocidentalis which I have seen. The exami- lation of a large series of specimens may, however, render it necessary to unite them. Specimens in United StaUt National Mueeum. KuW. Locality. Avtcwia, Oregon (type nutcrockilus) Collector. Lieot. Trowbridge. (»). CaioeUmms/eeundue Cope &, Yarrow, eeo Addenda, p. 219. 172 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOV — HI. 39. OATOSTOMDS OCCIDENTALIS Ayre9, ft'c^tfrn Sucker. 1654— Ca(Mto*.tMr oovidentalu Ayrrs, Proc. C»l. Ac. Nat. Sc i, la Cato»tomm« oooidentalis Aoassiz, Am. Joum. Su. Artu, dd *enea, lis, 309, U (Describ«d aa anew itpeeifsH.) CatoatomaK occidcntalu Oikard, Pnw. Ac. Nat. Be. Pbiltt. 174, 1356, CatOHtomiu occidenUtlit OiiiAliD, V. S. Puc. K. R ElpI, X, 224, 1656. CatoittomM occidentalin GO-stukr, Cat Fishe* Brit. Mub. vii, 17, 1668. Cato§tomH4 ocddmtalia Jordak &. Copkland, Check Liat, 156, 1876. (Ni only.) 1806— f CatcaUtmuM bernardini GlIURD, Proo. Ac. NaI. 8c. PbilA. 173. f VatouivmuM btTtiardini OiltAKD, U. 8. Mvx. Boniid. IcbtL. 40, pi. 23, f. \-b^ 169 r CatQitoaiini bo'nardini GCntiiek. Cat. FiKbes Brit. Moit. v. 7, 17« 1608. Habitat. — Strenou went of the Rocky Monnt&infl, probiibly generally distribnti This Bpecies was descrit>e<] almost simultaneously uo<ler the name by Dr. Ayres aud Profe^ssor Agassiz. Siuce then it has been U uotioed by ichthyologists, and its distribatiou has rumaJDed uncei The few specimens in the National Mnsetim indicate, however, a distribution. I have here united Catostomug bernardini Oirard tq occidentali9. The siugle specimen made the tyi>e ot C. berttardini is U so that wu can probably never know exactly for what the author tended the name. The size of the dorsal and ihe form of the moutli given in Gii-ard's figure indicate a species of CatOHtomuH rather t PanlosieuH^ and as I am uuable to distinguish it from V. occidenUUk let it fall into the synonymy. The scales of C, bernardini v^ fig% seem, liowever, smaller than usual in C. ocddenttUia. V. occidentaliM is apparently related to C. f^rvs. hut ia distiugoii by the f(»rm of month and by the souiewhat smaller scales. The spec is '* bronght to the market in San Francisco, and is said to be qii common in the Sacramento and San Joaqnin Bivers." — (Gibabd.) Speciment in United Slatta National ifuMiin. Nnmbor. I5fi27 tt06l4 LocalUr. GrtKm River, WyoiniDK-.. MoLeod River, California Colleotor. Liviuf^toii 8locie, Liviuifstun 8(oo«. CATOSTOMnS TAH0EN8IS. 173 30. CATOSTOMCS LABIATUS Aytm, Thick-lipped SucUr, loMdliw Antvs, Proc. Cnl. Ac. Nat. So. i, 32. OaotUtmtu lihinitu Oihaku, Proc. Ao. Nat. 8c. Pliiln, 175, 1956. Camtimf* labiatu* ClmAKP, U. 8. P«. R. U. Expl. i, 224. 185«. C4iatU»mm» Uhiatw JoRl>AN A CoptXAXD. Cbeuk List, 156. 1670. flklTTAT,— Blrawiiii of OrwgoD (laftinatb Lak»). IharHM*«n only I he specimen from which Glrard^s descriptiou was 'n. Liki^ maerochilun, this species appears distiuct from occidefxtalis^ Uitt «x»miDation of a larger aeries of Hpccimens jh iiecesanry to rett At preiiOQtf it apiiearsto differ from macrochilu8 and occiden- li* in ibe smaller 8ize of the dorsal fin. ft .VdHmrn* U {Jnffed Sfafei JVorfoiial JfNtiwm. ^ ^^^^K. Locality. Collector. L M rtAmath I^ht.On^mn ,.. , .. Dr. Jofaa a Newberry. .Tt, CATOSTOMU8 ARJ20PU8 Jorrfaa, sp. nov. Sard-hvadwi i^Hckrr, artfopiu JoMDAK, MKS., Wbeoler'a Report Surv. W. lOOtb Mer. {intxL). Tbii speclcA represeots C ditoobolus in the section DecadactyUiH, Its Barrow fonUtDelte and sheathed lips iudicate its close relation to ilM.Viur. Tbe s|>eci(ic name is from apatii^^ small, thin; »^, hole or rUr«L Tbe typical 8i>ecimeus were from Kern Biver, Galifornia. Sp«dimn9 kn VniU)d SiaUv A'afioiNil Mvw^um* VuWr. Lovulitj. CoUeetor. Kero River, Cal. (type) Cttivoa Rirer, Kor«dft. . H. W. Heoubftw. H. W. Henshaw. a^Ji 33, CAT08T0MUS TAUOENSIS OiH & Jordan. SueUr of Lake Tahoe. m fMKrvnu CooTKR, CiuhIm'b Nat. Wttaltb Cal. 40&. (Not of OiranL) MAoMute Oiu. A. JoRDAK. Ball. U. 8. Nat. Mat. xi. p. — • *« Tnhor, Knvoda. of T^ke Tahoc is closely relate^l to CatostomuH tonffiroHtrU, tu dtfliir oonataiitly in the shorter head and mor^ contracli'd 174 CONTRIDirnONS to NOBTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY III. body. It is said to be very abuudiirit in Lake Tahoe. "TUe.v are caaglii in nets and soDietimos witb the hook, but like all this fitiuily are rathei poor HH footi " ( Coo/Rr). Acomu^ generoauH of Giranl, with vrhich thil species has boeu ideutified, is a very ditteront species, belougiag to i diflcreut geuus. SpaaifMnk in United StalM Nattotial JfMflHm. Nnmlier. Loedlty. Collector. 5340 Lake Tahoo (typos C. tahoentis) J. 0. Coop«?r. ' !L W. HeushawJ 17100 l.»L-Hl>hnA 33. CATOSTOMUS BOSTKATUS {TUcmM) Jordan, Siherian Sudcer. IBtS—^CfprinuM rottralva Tu^sius, M6m. Ac. Sc Su Pf^lerabuurK, iv, p. 454, tab.] Bgs. 1-2, IdlS,** CifprinHg rwtratta Pkj.tj^s, Zo»^r. ItcwHO-AHiAt. Ui. 308. CifpriuM rovlmtiw Gt>NTnKR, Cm. Fi^tUca Brii. Mus. xii, 13, 1866. (Asdoal Bpeoieaof Catwtamwt.) 1B44 — Catotiomuti UleHi Cuviku Sl Valknciknnks, Uxat. Nat. des PoiaBonH^ xvii, 469. 1644. Habitat. — Eastflm Siburia. No writer since Tileaiiis seems to have observed this fish. It is, hov- ever, uiiqui^stioaubly a specifs of CatoKtomm^ allied to and perhaps uvi identical with C. loH{/iroHtriH, The lollowiug is Tilesius's dc.scTipti< of this species, as quoted by Pallas: — '*De«rlpUo Ctfprini roitrafi TuDgtuis iwi Covynuim flnv.,T»cbukuliicbsD ot Jac Omttoc-b.'i dieti. Tub. XV, Fig. 1-5. {tkr Btiffelkarpfm, Rampk4>p/.) ** \fatjnii»do iu luliiltia iHMlem anperat-, sed trinm ■pitbamiu-uin loDgitndUifim ftttiDgit. (^^H< oBHeniD loDgum antico roatro deseondeDte trnncaitim e qnliio lii quAtn oh rf m Riitbonis. " Ktiub dk-ttur ftliis Product, quoniam os aubtni, nt In («lr) Cotto catApbracl<» y^Y AgDDu occipenseriiio. sed Hctas oris vol orlticinra Inniitnui uou fttn|ilnin »<nI aitf^gttuii labiifl craMiU pingnibuH tiiiirgdiiitanijaltinin anterittB rorDJoatuin. ambito 9<imicirctil oeaibim Inliialibiu vel myataccia ad friunam oria deeoeudDDlibua an-aatia Iat«nilL| Ipctum, Inbinm poaturina luiuiu, rectum^ ab aot«riori Inolnanm auplaxntn |i»tH| utinmriisitiAiiuU grnnnlatnui. " Oculi lateralia a roetro reoioU otirrriiln poat«Hoti braiicbiah approxlmall ori Iridlbim aurvis sujicrnv angtiHlinriluin, pnpillii Ntipra centrum fiojiila. .Yarn tuA giuetu orbito; antcriorcni ilnpUcra in ftitlco pmfundo uwuv>. Oprrrmla frraanlkiait;* lamellaUi, lametUt anterior citin oaaibtia maxtlbo anpfliioria mnjnncta «U}rpt)cA ad orbttiu niargi uem BDloriofvm iWKM^ndnn^ Inforiua lanialln ■oguatiuh orbitnni knfvtiorom fnrmaiit.1 lnipo«ita, lauiioa CATOSTOMns L0NG1B08TRIS. 175 ■idinBfeinuuia,nibciis pllcn itnliiuojiif^uli ulnntA, oariietrf^itar subiirliiUli. Lamina fMlPiir ibit . ' li-oiiinn nnM>a ciiriebm iwluiMtar rnrnieatA, aiitpritiH otiiii ohittn mar- 0t^ p^t**- ii». Mtmhrana hranchioutrga triradiata intflr ofK-'ronli taniinam ■fcriioii MibtRii atribqtut ApproxIuAtatn coarcU «t in iathnio ki'i** minJiiootA. Chpa* tiblmig;om <tn<rtum niicrolfpiilotiini, ftqaamis tcevibiu ttuliltli-«iiiiD nulinto- Mrlalla «bl4iai|(iH, jbil i'.-i[iut uiiuuribiiH TorHUM ninirn vt cnodnni mnjoriUiis imbricatuni cciM^ik-cnliitti l«vUrr compnrMoui, veotre^loraaKqne codtoxuih. tinra lnUrati»Tixt% m»ii»r<tlani lUirjiuHM punlulnin deewmlHtiit purBeHemBquaTnarumpncitice inciBarnm mpmam vtrwt cnnclam raaf[iii conspiotin. Color in dono atro cfcrnleus iijiidiia, venoal IMb> «(ilnr)gf!iitcn«, subtni nlbons. J'iuatv peotorale* qaatuordfrini rudiutw, radii a ko^MMOil, rvtttmjMi Hernnir^tMaAat, ritdia priino om«^ acntniiiatt>, dornnli* di'cein- frt daudt^iitiriidiuta, nulto priuio oiiiii iidiiiiniculo rudicali, iilttniu liruvimiina^ D nw|ae Amm^, cnunibtis ml apictw qiiiulrilidm, dorDaliv pintiii vniitmlihiin oppo- &u»]l« p, MptemradiftU, ritdio pihim Hiinplici eiiin udiiiiuicnlo mdicali, reli<|iiiii InAtlla, t«nlu lotiietMiiuo svptimo bn*\'ii*Hiiiio, Catitlntitr pinna bifurea lacinia paolu oujttr iitidiH>.iiiiradi.irn, inpoHor nnvt*nt radial a intA piliiiH ri^inti railiia tt» rxtrtrmiit lutrralibiia c-uni jidtntriicMilo mdionli cnnnattH. Rudit pennamm nd lUlta quailrlAdt et extrvDii ad radiceA duplioati vel ex bliiia truncia connati, »b mu ptiniim donutlih 1(>n(ptiidiiiulit«^r ttt\ Imniii nii]»kt<iiH twt, qmid ttltam in wuli* fft raQdullbttMexlrviuts fvro c\ IrtbiiK uaiiip<N(itis cvrnitar. In doritaH «( pmna rwlll Table dUtaot, pcotorales vrntmleA et aiialis pinatn atirvo-rabmcvntoa All bwun pn^imiiiftnt^s, pi'ctoralea adco tnberosv, ventniliiiDi rad>c«» per mem- na«iB Unilnam txiangnlarem Bqnaniatan) obief^ntur. Auuh caufliu propior. lu- noo rxptuntTi. CbarurteribuB rieterum ^n^riiicyprinareioreniminiiuedeDtnlOi lUbaa pu»l braorbiallbiis, inenibrntm branchiofltoBa triradiata nttiii(|[ie iuMiructua ■L X eel«brrriniu AtirrK pliira «iH*cln>a tx siitcata ux Cuvyintc dnvin nllata snot, ^m DMoliup TnehakutarbaD dr«ifO>Bt* atint. Aanotavit aimiil idem, 'pifwem in LftOAl • iadUflro ejn»r)ue oollaTerali lapidaao Dugdo Uiiviia copioeum cum immI propter HttOMftTebK'iLiiU'm captu <lll1tcilem ataa ot dod niai io cawls tluiniDQiu raaiia hamo ofi, BRSHtim rC ve|i>ctMlnivi imUn*, wpidiH^imnm c«it«ram, excvpio vcr«, oiim, ovm ariatla iin(My1ituni piMtnn «wm^, nllatium nb ac«olin CiivyniiB «l IndiginMB G^Mt tatit«m \a dt^lb'iU babel, reliqna canibiiAerduut) uoii aitiUoui festiniari,*' — Ztograpkia So999-A$iaHca, pp. 30t^l0.) 3i- CATOSTOMUaLOilGIItOSTRrSXo^iWKr. t^nff-notrd Sucker. .VorfArrn ,Sicktr. Itrd-itidcd Sucker. Bti—^C§primm» c«i(H»(<Miif FoitKiioi, Philoit. Trann. Ixiii, 17m, tuti. i>. 177:1." r|yr4««« mtnattnmut AcilXKlDKit, «1. Bloch, 444, 1A02. •r«lMlMnv> langirmtrum I,K Sr>'.1^lt, .tmitii. Au. Nut. Sc. I'bilu. lli*J. CmtMi^muM tvnyirtMtriim T)inMP90N, lIlHt. Vt. 135. 1H42. ftm^imn* tfm0Tt»tti» DkKay. New Tork Fanna, part iv, PisbeR, ti03, 1B42. fmimtomiu UmyirAttrum Citviku A. Valrxciknmu, xvil, 4&3, l»M4. lom{tirXMitrHm HroKKK, SyiiofMiA, 4'^1, ]M(i. longiro*trum JtiKDAK & CopfO-txp, Cbock List, 156, 1676. t*tt»btmiu Ufmgiro*tri§ JokdaX \. OiuiKitT, in Klippart's Ropt. tul, IS77. ^—Cttmtttmm* hudtoninn Lv. BUKl'R, Jourii. Av, Nut. bv, Phila. 1()7. CONTRIBUTTONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY lit. CntottomuM hudtoninii CuviER & VALKNCiKsyss, Hist. Kftt. dee FoiswsDB, xvSi, 4S9, 1644. CaUntvHiatf hmtaonim Storbr, Synopsift, 419, 1846. t'aloMtomuii bttdtoniuif AuAf^iK, Am. Jouni. 8c>. ArtH.Qil eeries, xix, Q08, 1S55. Cato0toinuii budsoniu^ GCNTaen, Cat. Kuliee Brit. Mas. vii. 13. 166t^ Cnlonlomu* /lUilciKtitua Jomdan, Man. Vert. 393, 1876. Calmtomun hMdmrnHit Nkij^hx, Hull. No. I, Ills. Ma«. NaU Hiflt. 48, 187fi. li^l — CatoBtomus /oratcrianat IticiiAKDSox, Franklin's Joarnal, 7'.fO. Catoatomtut forato'ianu* Richakdhobi, Faanu Dor.-Amar. Hi, Fishos, 116, IH36. Catoitomuti /QnttprianuA HkKay, Now York Fuonn, part iv, FiabeM, *203, \M% VaiMtomns fontrrianm <jDVicn & Valkncienkka, Hist. Nat. d^a Poimodb, 4G3. t»44. Cnt09tomM« /onterianM Stokrr, Synopsis, 410, 1846. AtvmuM forttieriantttt Oikard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila. 172, 1856, ratoffromut forsttrinwu Putnam, Dull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 10, 1H63. Catmtomvn fnntrrianM .ToRl>AN & Copkland, Check Liiit, 150, 1076. Iti50 — I'atontaiHvn titirora Ac.assiz, Lake Stipenor, :U)0, pi. 2, t. 3-4. AcomuH aurora Uikaiu), Pruc. Ac. Nat^ Sc. Pbila. 17:t, 1856. Ctilw>l0mH9 nurora Pitnam. Bull. Mdh. Comp. Zool. lU, 1863. m56 — AcomHt ffri»<m9 Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pfaila. 174, AcoMM ffriKun (iiHAKD, U. S. PBc. K. K. Expl. X, 322. pL xlix, 1858. CttlmttmuH prinetu GCKTBER^CAt. Finbea Brit.Mnn. Tii,14, IbGH. CatontomuM griacmm CofK, Hnyden'fi Oeol. Sorv. Wyoroinu, 1870, 4;M, 1873. Catofitmnu9 gri»CH» J(»RI»a.v 4 Copkla.ni>, Check LiHt, 15«J, 1^7(1. 16166 — Cato»tomu» taotarinn GiRAJtD. Proc. Ac. Not. So. Pbila. 174. JmmMt lactariM Girard, U. 8. Pao. R. R. Kxpl. x. 293. 1K58. Catoitomittt lactariun .Iordan /k Copeuumd, Check List, 15*», 1976L Haiiitat. — Ntitr England to NobraNkn and north to Alonka and th« Arotio Seio. Gi tremely abnudant in Britinh Aoierieaand alonj; tbe northern biiundaries of the Unit* Statett, bnt not found sontb of 40° north latitude. This is nuotber of our uumcrous species which have an extremely wide ran^e of ilisii-ibutioii and a considerable ntnge of variution. It has tH^on longer known than any other of the Siirkera. Tbe oldest specific name ^iven was that of catoatomva, which, however, hnd to be set asi<l« wheo the generic name Catostomut was proposed for it- The next imnie ii order of lime is the very appropriate ouo of longirotttrum Le Sueur (uioi properly spelled UmffiroMiris)^ given to some specimens from Vermonl Five paf^es later, the name hudsonius was given as a sabstitute for to$ttm\t9 of Forster. Tbe slight priority of lonffirmtntm over kudtHmu however, .seems to entitle it to preference, althongli the hitter namftj been most frequently used. Later, specimens considertd by Or. G ill to bo identical with kudMonitiM received from Richanlson tbe name **. atcriann8^\ and, still later, the name fortterUmun W4.h, wttboat «v rr*nson, tninslVrred from tbiis species to term by Pmfeswr Ar CAT0ST0MU6 LONOIBOSXaiS, 177 pre Uk tbtft 8iH?cie8 tbe immo of auroraf in nllosiun to the red breeding colon of the tuale. Western epeciuitDs weiu Mill later described by Girard urn two distinct HpecieSf grueus and lactariuH, apparently without eoBpariaoD with the Eastern t'urnis. Tlie examlDatioQ of the Inige sniesof specimens noticed 1»elow, to- irr wltb others from the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi, bus iTioced uie tbat all belonf^ to one species, variable to some degree, not more so than is CutoHlvmus teres and less so tlian Erimyzon Some of the Upper Missonri specimens referable to C.griseus bare on an average rather smaller scales (95 iu the lateral line lead of 100 to 110); but I qui nonble todi^^inguish a tangible vai-iety. original types of (1, Utctariu$ Girard are not now to bti found, but Ite description indicates uo diOereuce from C lon<firo8tris. J^edmewM in United StateM yational Muiotm. Intbsf. aim Loculity. Lake Superior ..... . IMgct'aSoaod Pintle Riv«r,Keliruka YoDgbiu^ciiy River Lake Winuipeg KuUtOf Tonoon Kivor,Alaaka. KiMX Connty, New York Quabcc OrMi BUv« Lake Pole Ctmk, Nobnuka ... Saint MichaelX Alaska Aa Sable Rivrr, Micbigoa Au 8abl» River, Michigan . Au 8ablc River. Mlcblgan Racine. Wia Xowihtn Uonndnrj' Surrey, Dakota itociM. Wbi IaIeo 8apcrior (Probably origiaol tyiK» of griwtu; tbe old uuiuber •nd luoatity obliterated.) Pf«n* River. N'ehnuka ..> rval Lake* .•• Collector. J. W. Milner. R. Keniiioott. Capi. Simpsoo. Prof. Aiiiliutvs. R. Keunicott. W. H. Doll. 8. F. Balrd. R. KeuDicott. Lieut. Wood. Dr. Baoniater. J.W'.MilDer. J.W.MilDor. J.W.MUner. Dr. Elliott Coneo. 8. F. Baird. J. W. Milner. Bovrman. Bolt K. M. No. 13— i: ff iiErs-OT/wr— iiL ip.DOV. j^ -^-r^ r I jsniwsif vitli the *«r--«r^ :i» Tn« jf Xa 21,197 g-^-r?>^ :e*^ .Jim" -asMBoxd &omF »^- IS- saauc^ '[ ^ iot^rlutf, bat BL=ES xrziiA -oca i sonnaKaosu ^•aJector. Coo •'.. — ;: — »a^ -r»"w- _- . - _._ '-^. .--. -iU- S.. 7 Vlik ▼"« 333. '.- ■■ -iJi* ir^'tT'- "^ ' '. 1. ~ -i;"* "■■".. ^-5. "i. I*. 1'^*. A'om^t' ;-ijni.in.*fl>»j -fr: I-' ' '■ L.-.r '^.'Zz^. ?*ir^. Iciiru. II*. pi. u:::. f. ( f nInilomuM i^u^-miJUt^Mtii ^-t'Ti: 11^,1. 'xT. T'-itif* 3pt. Vtx& r^\. 1-":. I'-6?- lIMt |.|71i. • ... i>'«N( iiiifiHttHiiH»h JoBitAS &. COPELASV, Check Liar, V-^tS, 1^76. \ • uriil Somiru. Oroen Kiver, Wyomia^ i Cojwl. Probably \ > - » - \ «\ sv »s V KKvit !itrong]y marked of oar Suckers. 1 \ \%'» » «; %»<»kv l\v the slender form aud excess \ ■>^^^ t»wi -ix^SANtv in the females the fins are m ■ N *-«««.> «.v^H^fth«' related species. Thesqoai CATOSTOHUS DISCOBOLUS. 179 tioG tlso is pecaliar, and the form of the mooth is anlike that of any «aerq>edeB. These features are all well shown in Girard's flgore of fte spedes in the Ichthyology of the Mexican Boandary. I Ibe distribntion of the species has not been well made out. I have bat one specimen, an adnlt male from the Gila region, apparently ae firom which Girard's figure was made. fte type of Catostomus guzmaniensis cannot be found. The fignre was from a young fish, and the distinctions between it and latipinnis Fnmch aa often distinguish a young fish from an old one. It is better, [iCRfore, to nnite the two than to admit an insufficiently characterized species. Spedmau in United States National JTummm. Locality. Collector. SOOTS (Type of laHpinnis nndonbtedly, but the locality, Rio San Pedro, tributary of Sio Gila, and old number, 354 f , oblit- erated.) J. H. Clark. 37. 0ATO8TOMUS DISCOBOLUS Cope. Large-lipped Sucker, VB%-Caioetomu» duooholue Cope, Hayden's Oeol. Snrv. Wyo. 1870, 435. CatottomuM diBcoboltu Cope & Yarrow, Wheeler's Expl. W. 100th Mer. t, Zool. 677, 1876. Caioatomna diaooholus Jordan & Copblamd, Check List, 156, 1876. Habitat. — Idaho to Arizona. This interesting species is a Pantosteus in all bnt the technical char- ttter of the open fontanelle, and in this respect it is really intermediate, lithe fontanelle, in the adult at least, is reduced to a narrow slit The diaracters given in the analysis were taken from the Snake Biver spe* ooen, 20,475, larger and in better condition than most or all of those eumined by Professor Cope. Professor Cope's original types came from Oreen Biver in Wyoming, 180 CONTRinUTIONS TO NORTH AMKRICAN ICHTnYOLOOT III. Specimens in UniUd Statn Xaiional Muaeuwu Number. T/tfoalily. Cnlleotor. laou Newberrv. 1578;* Ztini;N.Mex Yarrow & IIoushAW. 15791 AriKoaa ... . . C. G. Newberry. F.V.Haydeo. 20475 Snake River, Idaho Genus PANTOSTEUS Cope. MtnoMHM CoPK, U. 8. Geol. Sarv. Wyomiog. 1870, 4^4 (1678), (Not of Qtnurd.) Pa»tQ»teH8 CupE, Lieal. Wheoler'a £spl. W. 100th Uer. v,073, 1876. Cato9tomu9, Acomus ct Minomwi sp. GiKAKD. Type, Mlnomn$ plaljfrkiinchu9 Copo. Etymolofcy, TruVfall; oarlov, bone (froro the ckmiDg of tbe fontauuUo by bcmv). Head moderate or rntber small, 4 to 5 times iu luiifTtb of body, llattii and ralber broad above, anteriorly Houcwbat pointed ; eye rather smai usually bebiud tbe middle of the bead : suborbital booes narrow, as U Catostomug ; bones of bead ratber tbick, tbe two |»arietal bones Qrml] united, entirely obliterating tbe foutanelle. Moutb rather large, entirely inferior j each jaw with a more or developed cartilaginous sheatb, separable in alcohol, essentially an Chondrostoma, Acrochilug, and related geuera; upper lip t>road, papilb with a ratber broad, free margin, aud several series of tubercles ; lowi lip largely developed, with an extensive free margin deeply incif behind, but less so than in Catoatomwt. X'baryugeal boaes uud esseutially as iu Oatoatomua. Isthmus quite broad. Body generally elongate, subteret'O, and little compressed. Scales Quite small, from SO to 105 iu the course of tbe lat^^ra] Uw and 30 to 36 iu a cross-series between dorsal and ventrals, usually m< or less reduced in size and crowded forward, as iu Catoatomut; lati line well developed, straightish. Pins generally rather small ; lirst my of dorsal usually about mid! of body, its niys few, 9 to 12 iu number ; ventrals inserted rather unci posterior part of dorsal, their rays 10 or 9 ; anal short and high, 7 developed rays; caudal ratber Blmllow, emarginate; pectorals developed : air-bladder with two chambers. The characters of Pun/off/eNit are essentially those of ColOfliMiWt'' that the foutanelle is obliterated. The usual scnle-formul OEKtTS PANT08TEU8. 181 diote bel\r«!ii tliat of Catostmnua proper Hnd thnt of tbo subgc'uus Il» gentu wns 6rst iDdicat«(1 by Profeaaor Cope in 1874, under the of "■ A. he wnpposing at the time that C^tontomus imignia^ the tgjie o( ' s MinomuMj \v«s a 8|KH*ies with oh>st'<l i'ontanelle. On vttioing ^peciraeoH of 0. im'tgHtJi^ it became evident tbnt snch n-as not and the new name Pantostetts was proposed for the genua, rana ver^' dose to Cotostomus. two 8|iecies referred to the IPCQOA {C, tlixcoholuH and C, aravjfUK) being ahnost iiitiTiiiediate. Omarie C%trcrt^u»tioiui. Cop«, If^S. — "I biive propoaod to adopt as viilid (Proc. Amcr. Pfalloa.Soc. rroQ gpoern of thw family. I vriW now nild iiu eitjiitli, which embraces whkoli cnmlflne vr\lh the ohiiraotora of CatoaUwititi proper, a coinplf^to nnion pKrietftl boDM, ivhiob ohlitonitce the fontani^Ue so universal nmong tbi^ Tbe uoly olber exception is scou io Ct/clfptua, Kuf., im I huvo uirt^aU,v ojcu- la all the niembers uf the family where I bAVe exniniuefl it. this runtnimllo is M Mid of no doubtful propnrtloDS, and uowbero reihicod to the slit so often ia AUilHdl*. In ftrmching for the chanictorsuf Gii^nt'sso'taliud gcucra Alinoiuua Ja^mmM, I Boit that th« tyiH* of (lie fonnvr, M. intigifia, B. G., presents ihu cbftroctcr •» MMinftnciril I thi^refore adopt hta Daiu« for thn new genus, and add two new iMs if. 4tipkiHu» And J/. barduB, Whether his twoothor spRcien, M. pleUiua ulkI J/. M, WkMig U* il is uncertain 5e yet^ bot they hnvothe snme physiognumy."— (Cope, im^t 0««r Surr. JTyomitg/or 1870, p. 434, 1«^.) P«VTtMmcfT]i (Cope) Yarrow. IWG.—*' rix>fe8Bor Cope, In It^O, purpoeed to adopt as •vco itwcwrib of Ibis fftatlly ; tint io 1879, ho stated bia belief that an eighth Imb aiklMl, wbiclt should cmbrare speuiiui comhiuin^ the charactern of CatoMtomiin m oomiihste anion of the parietal boaes, which nliliterates the fontaiielle, so nni* fMMlaaMMkgtbosuokcmi; tlie only other excoptioa bciu'^seeuiuCyt'/c/iUv, Ktif.,iisbeba9 ataattdr ob«v*rvtd. In all the nmnihers of the family that ho has examined in this rc- ^iA lint fi>ntant>lt« \im Imwh found quite ojwn and of no doubtful proportions, and is aaatMie mluoed to the alit often teen in the Bilnridie, nnle«s it be In the Catoitomtm ftM4*AM. In suarcblng for the char.totcrs of Olranl's so-oilled geuuni. AftnoAiu* mi Amma*, be expntwed the view that ilio type of the formor, .\f, iiivigni«, B'urd &. GizBnl, pffiMRnts th*^ oharact^r in qoostiou. This oonclusion wns bnsed ou n stHfcinieu In ibe Acuidntuy uf Kaltiml Scionces from Woahingtoa, iM'itring thut naniL>. Ilav- rtaee ssattibMH! fiye specimens of the .V. itiMgnit, obtained by the geolo>;ists of thin r, k« finds tfaem to t>e true Catoatorni as detormined by the presence of tbo fon- It (b«>r«tfore requlnvi a name, and lie proposes for it that uf J*amUHkiits. It I*, platgrhjfnrktft i*,)arnsvii and /*. virtvxtta Cope of the present essay and P. sfKl * Uoyden's Report, /.o,"—(yAJUioW,lics(, Wlivfltsr't SrpL ■ra Cupe A Jordan, PfT?. — "Body oh1on(c or elon^nte, with a short, aub- Madder !u two parts ; lateral lino trell devela|H*d ; fnn*juiellt-' :> of tlie pariotal Imuea." — (Jordax, I*roc. Ac. Xat. Sc. Phila* 182 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICnTHYOLOGY DL ANALYSIS OF BPBCtKS OF PAICTOSTXITB. 1m ver; email, 100 to 105 id the lateral line; 16 above and 16 below,; wries : body »lougate, comprcwcd, tbc caaJal puduDclu cuntracted : bead fll wide, 5 in length: lunzzlu obtuse. little prajvctiDg; upper lip wido; low fnl],eujargiuate; Jaws with woUdoTolopedoartUagiuoassboatba : scales reduced in (tise forwarda : dorul rayn 10 ; Tentral 9 : color tdive ; lover si yellow viRBdCBNi ** Scales small, 60 to b5 In the couree of thu lateral llue. t Scales Tory much reduced and crowded actcriorly : upper lip full, pendent; ginoua sheaths on jaws well developed, the commi&auzo traosvorse ruptly augalate at the oomen of the mouth, a. Body extremely elongate, the depth 5^ to 7 in length : head H in lungib aod wide, with deprcaaed aud expaudiMl ninszle, wbioh cousiderubly over, the month : isthmus very wide; dorsal rays 11 ; ventral rays 9 racalus 1 belly and lower fins yuUowish, probably red in life platykiiyncboi aa. Body moderately ulouitatc, ibo dept^h 4^ to 5 iu the length : bead rather 4^ iu length, not specially broadened; muzzle not greatly overbangio, moaib : dorsal rays 9 (raiely 10) ; ventral rays IU (rarely 9): scales 11 to ll to tJ7-13 to 15: light browu above, with dusky spots and clouds; males li the chiu and fins rud, and a crimson lateral band GKXfcRoscii tt Scales Bubequal over the body, not much reduced forwards: upper lip rather row, sot pendent ; cartilngiuous shcutb on jaws obsolete (t). b. Body coojparatively stout, the caudal peduncle short and thi<:k, the Imck m what archttd, the depth <t; to 5 in length : bead short aud wide, flaitish all 4| to& iu length: scales 14-84-16: dorsal rays 9 to 1 1 ; ventral rays tO: bi Ish above, with one or two dark lateral shafles I'ucnxioi 3S. PAiTTOSTEUS VIRESCEN8 Cope. Green Sucker. Hi7&—PanU>9UH9 virttceiu (Cova) Cot's &. Varjiow, Wheeler's ExpL W. 100th Zool. 675. f'antotttue vireacena Jordan & Copblaxd, Check List, 156, 187& Hauitat. — Arkansas River in Colorado. Ouly a siugle specimeu of tbis H|>ecie8 is known, collected by Ml K. Aiken at l^aeblo, Colo. Tho Buiall size of its scales indicates distiiiotnesM from the other species of Pantosteux. Tlie greoiinesfi coloratiou of tbe typical Bpeoimen is probably due to itj» having b| kept in a copper tank. Speciment in United Siaict yatiomal Mutcvm. Numt>i*r. Ix>caltty. Arkamuw River, Pueblo, Colo, (type)., CuUricCor. C. E. Aiken. PANTOSTEUS GENEH0SU8. 183 Ml PANTOSTETT9 PLATYRHYNCHUS Cope. Flat'^eadcd Sucker, ie^Mimm»§ platpkync\ta CoPB. Prac. Am. PhiloH Soc. Phila. 134. F^mioUtm pUtjirhynck»9 Copb &. Yarjiow, WUeelct'tt Expl. W. lOOlh Mer. v, tool e?3. III. xxix, f. 3, 3 u, lft76. frntaHau ptatj/rhpithuM Jokdan &, Copeuvxd, Check List, UVj, 1870. PkMfcAMAnM jt/alyrAyndl[H« JORDAN, Bull. U. 8. Nut. Mas. xi, p. — , I87b. RkinAT.— Utah Lake aud tributarieii. Tbe apecimens which I have seen of this species are nil small and ia ooudition. Their remarkable sleuderne^s is doabtless iu part due tbclr Habbiuess. The species as uoted by Professor Cope much iblea Catastomuii diticobolus. It is also very simihir to Pantosteuv r, bat at preseut I consider it distinct. SpMimgM in Vitited State* Xational Muteum. r Locality. Collracor. r tsoe Utah Lako Yarrow & Ilenshavr. Ul€3 rt^» l..tlr« Yamtw ^ UeQHhaw, 40. PANT08TEUS GENEROSUS {Qirard) Jordan, Jonnoip'ff Suck^, iM (Acomiu) geiunmiK GniARn, Proc. Ac Nat. 8c. Pbila. 174. mv9u§ Ouuup, U. S. Pac. U. K. Expl. x^ 221 , la&d. 9M«r«»M Joiii>A» &. COPELASD, Cbe^k List, l.'iG, 1670. iiu j«mrt>(i CoPic, Pruc. Am. Philoii. Soo. Pbila. U5. PmuottfUB Jarrottii Cofk &. YakrijW, Wbeeler'H Kspl. W. 100th Mot. v, Zt)ol. 04, yl xxix,)ij'ia, 1^76. Pmt1»atau pmrmi Johdaji A Copklamo, Chock Liat, 156, 1S76. KuRcT.^Bio Orst»d«*, Coloradu Buiu, aud Groat Busiu of Utah ; veiy abnndaot. lUt »pt^es is the most cbarncteristic and most widely diffused of iWSockerFof tbo Qreat Basin. It was Orst described by Girard iu liSS, QDder (be name of CatoHtomun generosus, Ginird^s description, >Bioeocspauie4l by a tl^ure, was so very loose and irrclevaut that it baa Mhcrto rL*a)Uine<J uniileiitKied. I bave, however^ had the opportunity •ftL--- ' Oirard's orit^iual types, and of comparing them with the ^|»ft iHtvuit jarroviu They seem to me to belong to the same (fcdcft, and I am therefore compelled to substitute the name gtneroBua 184 CONTRIBU'lIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHVOLOGY — III. for tbat of jarrovii» If I hud uot beeu able- to compare gottcroaM wit jarroviij I should iieviT have 8U8i)(5cled thoir idoutity. Spccimmi in Untttd Statoe National MuMeum. Nuubor. Locality. CoUeotar. S5B Cottonwood Creek (tjpes of gentrosus) ...... .... Lienr. I3«i-kwlbh. TiDlU OjoileGallo, N.Mex Liuut. Bvalo. 15802 noeo 17095 16009 2ni0i! Zufii HiviT, New Mexico (typca of Jarrovii) Sail lidcfoiiSD N. Mcx ..... .......... .... .....* H, W. fleohbaw. Yarrow &. Cox»e. ^J Dr. 0. Loew. ^| Moti3vu l)£tjort. Ciiliforiiia...... ...... ......«..> Now Mexico . ....■....•......-.....< ■......> H. C. Tarruw. ^| Pacillo Railroad 8arvey,38^ Lieut. Bcokwitti. ^B 41. PANTOSTECS PLEBEIUS {Baird i£ Girard) Jordan. Piain Sucker. \B54—Catoiitomu8 jilcbeiiui Baird & Oiimrd, Pro& Ao. NaU Sc. Pbilo. 28. CatottomM pltbitu Agassiz, Aiu. Juurn. Sc. Art«, 'Jd aerie*, xis^&Od, IS^SS* Minomuf pUhrinf GlliAUi>, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. PliiU. 173, Iridti, MiHomiu jthheiu$ GiiuJU), U. S. Mex. Boaud. Sunr. Icbtb. 38, pL xxit, f. 1-4, Catwtomun plthrjHit G(*NTiiKK, Cftt. Fisbes Brit. Mua.Tii, 13, 1808. Ct^ottomitH plrhrju/i J nmtxs iSl Copkland, Cbeuk List, l&T), ltf76. Fantovtaui pkbHw JonoAS, Bnll. U. S. Nat. Mus. xi, p.—, 1878. 197S— Jlfiiiomus drlj}hinu9 Coi'B, Haydea's G<jo1. Surv. Wyoming, lf?70. 4ar», IW2, Pantotiteiu dtlithinu^ Cops iV Yakruw, Lieat. Wboolor's Bi*)>t. F.xpl. W. 1< HttT. vol. 6, 073, 1H70. PantMiatt dolphlnvt Jokd.U4 ic Cofklakd^ Check Lint, 1^, ItfTH. (Uiepriat fc delphiniu.) 187^— iViwm/uut bai-dua CoPK, Ilttydwn's Gtiol. Surv. Wyoming, IH70, 436. Paniovteun hurdtut Coi'K, Lieut. Wbneler'd Expl. W. lOOth Mor. vol. 5, p. G73, IE I'aHfostfitB bar dm J oKXt AH Ac Copki.and, Cliock List, Ifili, lW(i. UABrrAT. — Basin of tho Colorado. Luko Onzuiau. The types of Caiostomwi 2>^eheiu9 are not to be fuuud, aud no niNMsi mens referable to the species are in the Natioual Muscain. Tho ty| of PanioHtcuH detphinm aud P. bardus I have been unable to examia< The scale-formula atid small durHal t\\\ of C.plcheiu» iudicato that it a species of Pan fo«/e««. Assumiug that it is so, I find royM*lf ituablo draw from the printed desoriptious of pkbeins, defphinus^ and barduM an| sort of Rpecifio chnraeters. Until such ehnrrtclovH are shown, tlie buwU of proof Ires with iho proposer of those upetMcs, utnl I shall consider tlifi 83 identical until they are proved to be distinct. In chanicter& of uioat PANTOSTEU8 PLEBEIU8. 185 ki^fttid fonn of body, Pantosttus plebeiu^ seems to resemlilo Catoitto' itm^ni$ and C, elarl-iiy and to diverge fiom the type of lUscohohiHy nnd platyrhynchus.* Cope(i« lU,) diMieutH ftom the identiBcation above made, niaiutainiug \t.4t^fkhmn nnd P. hurdvn are Ht It-OHt »peciticnlty dUtinot from oaeli otber, wlutt- V«J b« tilt relation of eitber to I'. pUbrluB, An I bavo scm'r nom: of Ibe tUreo in ijontlon, I Int Ifafi aIiova Atniid an T bad wrll-teo it, Aod qnote tbu original de* of ibe lhre« uoininul npecieti: — [OMO fLSbeit's Ord.— " Body Bab-fuuform, cocnprcaacd. Hood oIongBte, sabcou- (ivmhig the fifth of tbo entirv leofrth. Month of niedinm aiee. Kyes large, aab- tbatr longitoUlnal diameter being ooutaiD«d aboat live tiaie» iu ibo loogLb uf bratL Dunitl da atilHinadrangular, \tH anterior margiti living t^qiiiUistant b«- liK> tip nf tbv Ruont nnd the first iiidinH^ntnry ruya of tbo tipper Inbc uf ibe Thr latter is slightly eoucave jiosteriorly, and the lobes rounded off. Tbts «f tiwe anal In ooutalned nearly three tinica in lt« height, and when brought back* i Ra t^ OCUuhIm t'O tbv mdirnentary raj'sat the inferior lobe of the candul tin. Tbe • &n iBMTteil under the i>a»>teriiir ibini of ibo dorsal ; bent baokwiirds, tbeir tip a« far aa the anns. The pectorals ore of medium development, sab- itmt^ fotHeriatly acute. *Tb« aralMi are of medium size, cvosiderably largest on the pednnclo uf tbe tall. [T*cttt7-«Egbt tu thirty rows from the base of the rentrals to tbe dorsal fin. About la tb« hMand Itnc, which Is not discomiMe as fiu- back aa the baae of tbe caudal *Tb» color as preaerved iu alcohol, hi dark bro^n on the upper regions, fuiutly mot- fsh patcbea. The sides and liclly fxbihit traces of orange in some of |1tt oUiers it is [rnli* yelluwitth. Tbe flns are unicolor; tbe dorsal, caudal, •ad pveiarati, hlacktHh browu ; tbo nnsls and ventmls yellowish." — (GtnA»i>,/oA. U,S, arf Ma. Btmmdofjf 8»rr. , p. 3^, tigs. l--t, plate xxii.) Uovomrs l^U'ni?cpa Cope. — "Tbu stibcqnal size of the seaica of this siHrctos would niv It iiMliffcreutly to the true gnmp CutostomuM uf Girard, or his j;ruup Miuomus, vtdeb ha did not distinguish clearly. Tbe preceding species would enter bis Acomas, vfatck m^ b*>wev«t, ooly iMi audcHuwl group of species, to wbiob, by the wny, the tyj^w afCatoatoann, C. teres, belungs. This Hiiecies is especially distinguished fioui those d«seril>ed by tbe ahorteuing of tbe cuudul part of the vertebral column, and ■Msim'nt poatcTior position of tbe dorsal fin. Add to this a shorty wide bead, and Uvly, att ! lognoniy is fxpresaed. Thedmil ' - lurched, ltii*beatl flat Ahi)ve, hut elerated behind, and uiooh dH> Ml tl» II1ILBX1& Tbo mtuzle la wide and does not project beyond the upper lip, It- i trt its lower face and bnars fonr rows of warts; its smooth com- Kirow. On tbt' biwerllpthe tnberclee advance nearly lo the com- { Ibta lip la devply smarglimTe ptmterinrly ; the eye enters tbe length of the ■^ ' 'd <tne-bnlf limes menstiring Ibe murzle, and twice the inter- aV, . , ' iir and twn.tliinlH times in length to end of caiidal hawd scales, la tWrty longtludtoal series, betwuen durnal uud ventral Qoa ; venlrals remark- C^ltpiiu Havtkssqcb, JounitU de Pbyalque, do Cblmic ot d'UUtoiro Natui IH10,p. 421. Bhj/tidootomN* Hbckbl, Fit»cho Syrieas, Russogger's Roiaeu, 1842, p. 10S3. Cal<Hil<mK« et Soi^roffHatl^H4 ip. Auct. Type. CjfcicpUit mgre$eeni RatiDi»que,= ColostostM eiotigatua Le Sueur. Etymulugy, kvkXo^^ rouud ; XrTrTdf, small. " The name means small, roaud Head very umHll, short and Blender, itH length contained G to 7 til in tbut of the body, its upper surface ronndcd; eye quite small, nea median, not very high up^ its lengMi G to 8 in that of the side of head; euborbital bones rather small and quite narrow; lontauelle tirely obliterated by the union of the pariet-al bones. ilouth small, entirely inferior, overlap}>ed by the projecting fiD< tbo upi>cr iip thick, pendent, covered with 3 to 5 rows of tubercloa, cater qnite large, the inner small ; lower lip moderate, formed soi ably short, extending little more then halfway to ventiOriginatinfE under poit4 third of doraaL Pectorals well separated. Istbmaa wide. ^ "Color above blookish, with a strong inferior marginal sliode on the lower port ol sides, and tbo lighter tint above; a brovn spot Just above axilla, is out off from i] a band of tbo yellow color which covers tbe belly and bead below. **TLc only species concemiug wbioh any doubt can arise in ths nomenolatare of one is C. bernardint of Girard. Thai writer states that tbe latter posseeses 15 D. this, wilb tbe uticriptiou of a slender form und utber peculiarities, will always a rate tbem. Three npecice iu Professor Hayden'o oollectiuu without luralily •bottid be prulmbly a tributary of Oreen Kiver/* — (Cofk, Hajfien'$ iStot. SmrWm I 1872, p. 436.) MiNOMUti QARDUs Cope.— " Ttus species is distinguished by its very short head, mnrked coloration, resembling in that respect the C. ffUMmaniaii/iM of Oitonl ; with species, it bas, however, nothing else In common. *' Head wide^ muKzlo not f rojecting beyond npper lip ; latter not pundent, wltb row,smot>tb comminsnreand thrre or fonr mw9rtrtiil>ercb'S. lAiwerlipdtM^ply IxttA lubercnlnr to near inner edge. Kye ri.25 times in length uf Iicad, twicv in It orbital width. Head Ave times tu end of basal caudal scales. Formstoul: bodyoj dric anteriorly. Dorsal Qu nearer cud uf muEzle Uian end of caudal soalfik Suoli body subequul, iu thirty loug:itndiua1 iu«b betwevu dorsul anil vcniiul tius. Utter inating bc^ioatb binder border of dorsal, not quite reaching vent. PecturnlH w«ll rate; isthmus wide, narrower than iu J/. detphinuM, Color blacklsb alH>ve, a bt olivo bnnd from upper part of oiwrcular border aiont* upper bulf uf cuudat pedoi and a brcwd black bond below, luuTitwing to a lino along tbe middle of tbe pntai below, yL'llowiKb, a hand uf tbe eunie t^nttlnf: olT n bluckisb area abuva tbe aaiD in tbe last iii>eaiea." — (Cupk, Uatfdcn'* Geol, i>utr. Ttrr. ItSTi, p. A'SG.) GENUS CYCLEPTU8. 187 vtetaatn Oa(o#(omu«, bat less fall, iociscd behind; jaws without earti- la|;iaoin sheath ; mnciferous Bystem not greatly develoi>ed ; of>orcntar ipptntos Dot greatly developed, the 0[)ercuUim smooth und narrow. Irthmmi moderate ; gill-riilcers moderately long, soft; phuryngeul bones \ttroagf the teeth stout, increasing in size downwards, rather wide apart. Bcdy eloQgiit«, moderately compressed, uot much elevated, the caudal limcle long, the greatest depth contained 4 to 6 times in length. ScuImi moderate, about equal over the body, not closely imbricated, wide exposed surfaces, the number in the lateral line from 55 to aod about 17 in a traoeversc scries from dorsal to ventrals; edges •fflcoled Mcrrate; lateral line well developed, nearly straight. ¥ia% rather largo ; dorsal fin beginning in Iront of ventrals and ending ptt before anal, of about 30 rays, strongly falcate in front, the lirst and iMDod developed rays in length more than half the length of the bi the fln, the rays rapidly shortened to about the eighth, the length remaiDing rays being nearly uniform and cU short; caudal fin large, vtdely forked, the lobes about equal ; anal tin qnito small, low, of 7 or (derdoped ra58, scaly at base; ventrals moderate, \?ith 10 rays; pec- Eocab elongate, aomewhat falcate. Sexual peculiarities somewhat marked; the males in spring with black ^i^meot ; the bead then covered with small tubercles. ^B Air-bladder with two chatnbers, the autuiior short, the posterior Bol a aioglo species of this singular genus is as yet known. It ta tend in the waters of the Mississippi Valley, and, although uot a rare kk, \t Is by uo means as generally abundant as are many others of its luaity. O^ntrio ChuraoterieatiOHi, CrciamM BafiMMitie, 1819.— "Cycleptu(t,(abaotniBal]. Diiftfrant da genro Catofl- Dmix nageoirai dontales, bouche petite^ rondo, au bont do maseau; l^vroa <BMliUrM. FaoiUIb Cyi'i'^^^'k ' ^- »i{fre»om«, noir^tre ; voutro blnnuliAtru, lioucho WttBWilu ; iiuotic fuurclj6o. Parvioul 4 deux pioUa do long; tr^ bou ii monger, rurv tet rOblo ci le Uifluan."— (EAViXE&qUK, Joum, de Phy§, etc 1810, p. 421.) CTcxiLrrt'* RAAniMquc, tR!2u.— " DiHtrtiOCo from Llio furt^goiDg genua [CafoitMiMj— tVftdonHl ftb«T luouth ruutid and lenuinal."— (Rafinks^uc, loh. Oh. p.C] falTTtlMMTOMira Ileekel, LtMS.— "DonUn peotioiformMCO-OO. Pinna dorsaUa •ftac^' ' tcrlio vcl quarto loogisHinio. lu rtjliquia cuiu gcui'rn Cutotttonto con- |raU *.i, >WAff .Syrinid, p, ^3, or KunwgfT^w Bciten, p. l(^23.— Spec ion referred to ^C«DiM, CpprUitu cttfottomyn Forater and CatostomuB elongatim Le Sueur.) (.Tuxrn-s Agjamki, H^'tS. — ".\h in many otber iiiHtaucee, Rufin«Bqne boa nimed, but Mtbvr UvAfMil iMif cbaracloriaod tbu gtsDu« to wbiuU 1 uuw citll alt«>nttun. riu boa not hitnsclf oren seen the fish npon whfob tho genus is founded, ftnd relbra to auotber geuus a species which cannut be Mparat^d from this. Moreover, the chnracleristice of the K^ntie, aa f^iven by Rafmeftque, are not true to natnre. Yet, notwith«tnndin>; theae objcctiuiiA, I do not ftteX at lilnirty tu ri*Jt*ct bis generic nanif, siucc it ia jioiteibte to idoDlif^ the fiiih be meant by tho vemncular name uDder which it is knuwn in thfl Wc8t. Tbt'Je is uDutbcr reuuoQ why Rafiueequc'ti dcacriptioD of onr wiviti'rn fUbeft ou^ht to be carefully eonsidored nnd erory pooAible effort mmlo to identify bis ^nen» and species, tlio fact thnt he was the Urttt to iovestignte the flshes of thtt Ohio and its tributaries npon a large scale, »ud ihtit not withstjiudiiij; the looseneas wit-b which bo per- formed the tu«lt and the lamentable iaaccnracies uf bin too short descriptioni*, his worka bear almost upon every paf>;o the imprint of his keen perception of the natural nflSnltJcs of spceies, and tluiir iutimfltts relatione to one another; so much so, rbatevrn wbcro ba has failed to assign bis genera any churactera by wbioh they may be recogoisefl, yi6ta when the apecies upon which they were founded can be identified, we osaally 6nd thai there uro gpoA reosoos for considerinjt them as forniinf; distinct genera. "The tronble with Kafinesr)ue is, that he too often introduoed in bis woika species which be bad not always seen himself, »Dd whieli he* referred nhiMMl at rattdoni aiiioug his genera, thus dt-faclug bis well eharacteriaed groiipa, or that hv w(>nt so far as to fonnd genera u|>on Apeoles which he bod never seen, overlooking perhaps that he bad already described snch t,v|>ee undirr other names. *'Tbe genus Cifdeplua alTords a striking example of all these mistakes eonbioed together. In bla remarkable paper npon the genua Ca(o<faMu«. Lesnenr deseribea aod ttgurea one apeoles from the Ohio River, under the name of f\ rtongatus, pocullar for its elongated cylindrical body, and f>ir iti long dorsal Uu beginning half way liatwtwo the [leotorals and veDtrobt, and extending as far bock as tbo Insertion of the anal. The species Rafinosquu introduces in bis snhgonus /Jfror/jffu* snnmg the gennine Ca- twhnti, without ]>erceiving that it belongs to bis own genus CifrhplHf. This mistake arises uuduubteuty from bta belief that in CychplHt there are two dorsals, which indued be mtntions as characteristics of this genus; bnt this statement is erroneous: tho rays of the dorsal are. in fact, eneloaed in a continuous membrane, the anterior rays only being much longer than thoee of the mitldiM and p«wlMrior ])urtion of the lin ; oo- cnaiooally thuee long rays split, and aooidoDtally M^paraN* fmm tb^ following n when they seem to form two dorsals. "The ehuracter of this gentis, so far as tbedortial i% concerned. conaittts in n-ality not iu its division, but in its great extension along Ihu hack, and the olongulioQ of ita anterior rays. The anal is very long iu proportion to the size of the iisb, and insort«(1 far back, so that the length of the ulKloniinal cavity ia greater than In the gtinern C^tr- piodUt idttkyobuaf and liHltatuhlht/H, with which Vt/drpUut is cloMly allied by the peou- Uar form of its donal. Agoiu, Rafiuesque remarks that tbo tnoulh is tonulual, rouod and small. Thin requiitis al&o to be qua)[tlc<l. The month appt^nrs terminal aud round only when tho jaws are protrudetl tn their ntmofii extent; when cIommI. It \% rather ero«oeDt-shM|ted and entirely retracted nnder the projectlug, imlnlcd snout ; the lips ar» covered with uuuiltous projecting papiUm and spread huHsuntall^, — ibeMc air luoreover, contlniuMis srunnd the angln* of the mouth, ho that tlmupporand kiwxrr lips are hardly separul^Ml by a hiiiuII fold, nnd thi! l^wcr lip is slightly «ntar|fiiMta Ul { CTCLEPTC8 ELONGATUa 189 'tigoal bones aro stroog, tbcir anterior surfncc being flatteucd and tbo IM illatiirtnr b«in|; the Lrani(vera« ooe, na in IlultalkhtJtjfs, and not laterally ooni- itd ami tliin mt In Car^Hodet and Ichtbtfoifut, rw •jTDH*y«i>* to ebon uud ila peduncle flat and aqaare,set>urated from the cnrvcd fejacleap aomlciroalur emarginaiion. The teeth are also stronger and ntunter tea Id Otrfiodm and IcktkifotmM, aa ia alao the oaso in liuhalkhthyii, and Cbey are grotV ml\s iaencaalax In nue, and relative tbickueHs fruui ihu upper part u( tbe iircb to tlie ifVpbxaia, but tbey are much fewer and farther apart than iu tliu liittur gcniM. Tbeir olge ia tranaveren, rather blunt, tboagh the niiddlo rid^e is 8<Mnt>wb]il; projcct- ; tlie Invrcr tvctb arc so «bai>cd that their iun*;r anglu Is bardl^' higher than tbo vlkll* in (be middle iiud npiwr teeth it i^ gradually more projeoting, and from ■iddki of tb« arch npwarda fonna a prominent point atobetl outwarda. lamoanaldcrably longer than high, with a rather prominent posterior mar- radiating furrows upon the Anterior and (lotilerior fielde^ aouio acroea thabUral Gelda; tbe cuiiceutrio ridges of tbe jioeterinr field are not only broader than ttae of tbe other liotdi*, bnt instead of niuning parallel to tbe margin of the scalca I^Kj an curred in cooeentric gotbic arcboA between each two radiating furrowa. ineoitona tbia geuna uader the name of IlhtfiidO¥tt>mn$, bnt Rafioeaqae'a name baa the priority. FroiMrly it ooght to be oaUed Leptocyclut, according to its Tijaoe my Nomenolator Zt>olugieQs; Index UuiveTHalis, p. UJU,) but under thii iavB nobody would rvcuxulae U aa Rafiuosquo'a name. I aboil therefore uot urge (be fkM(v.'*— ( AOAtiSI/.. Am. Joum. Set. ArUi. lUbo, p. 197.) CtcuuTva Co£M^ <Sl Jordan, \i<77. — " Body much elongated, anbcyllndrical forwurda : ^aiail aloo^te, Ckloiform, of 30 ur more raya ; fontanelle obliterated by the union of tW pMielal bunee; moatb email, inferior, with papUloBo lips.-' — (Jordax, Proo. Ac, i^&.PMAi,lSr7,p.8t.) AStALYMB OP APROIKB OF CTCLEmrS. ' b*^ 4 to 5 in l«Dgth : bead 6 to 6^ : eye small, 6 to 7 in length of bead : loDf ray^alKtlo longer than head: pectorals rather longer than bead: doriml nya W ; aoal 7 or ^ : scales 9-ri6-7 : coloration very dark, the mulca almost black ; lar|a; tongth of nduU U to 3^ feet kia>xoatcs, 42. 43. OYOLBPTUS ELONGATUS {Le Sueur) Aga$€iz, tOiuk Bont- Qokrd-aeed Sneker. Missouri Sucker. Suekenl. tSn— GallMllaaiM tU^agatiu Lk BrKDB, Jonra. Ac. Nat. So. Philo. 103. ttomgatkt» RjhrmKM)CK, leh.Oh. (U), 1^20. iktt»ttmu» rhmjatiu KlitTLAVD, Rept. Zool. Ohio, 1G8, 183ti. Citattamat ehnifutiu DKKAV.New York I'anna.part lr,Fiabe8,S03, 184S. iM thn^atua CcviKit A. Valekcibnnks, nist. Kat^ dea Polas. xtII, 455, IM4. iiH fhmfiatMM KiRTL&XD. Boston Joura. Nat. Ulal. v, SG7, 1845. (k>arl0mi00 rlnitgatua STmiKli. S>n pisi».423, IH4G. Qufcytoi tUtng^tnn AoAa4t7, Am. Joiirn. So. ArK'^'l scriei, xix. 197, 18^. »M r/oitjrcUM« OCKTiibic, Cut, Kishue DriL Mns. vii.23, ldC8. I 100 C03JTRrBOTION8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHTOLOOT — ^HT. CyeJ^tut clongatM Jordan, FUhoe of lad. 822, 1875. Cjftltptw eiomffatM Joiujjln. Ball. Boffiilo Soc, Nat. Hist. 05, 1876. (Name only.) CyctepUt etongatHn Joiioan, Man. Vert. 3^ 1870. Cyet€ptH9 dongatut Nelson, Bull. No. 1, Ills. Mqb. Nat Hist. 60. 1876. Cycfepdu elongatuti Jordan lV Coprland, Check List, 158. 1876. (Namv ooly.) Cjfoleptuti eJontfatu/iJonr>AS ^ Qilbkrt, in KlippartV RepL 53, 1876. (Name oxUj-r CyrieptttA ehn^atm Jordax, Botl. U. 8. Nat. Mas. ix, 38, 1877. Cycleptut tl<mgatuji JORDAN, Mao. Vert. ed. 2d, 1878. 1816— CjrcfrpfM nigreaceiu RAFrmuQOE, Jonrnal de Phynique, 4S1. Cpcleplui nigrtvceiu Rafxnesqub, leb. Ob. 61, 1800. Habitat. — lliwiasippi Valleyi in all tho larj;er streaoiB. This species is fonnd in some abundanco in the larger streams. Al the Falls of the Ohio, it is taken in nets, and meets a ready sale. It however, moch less abnndant than the Bnffalo fishes are. From th general use of the name *' Missoari Sucker ^ its abundance in the State of Missoari may bo inferred; but, as to the facts in the case, I am not informed. This fish is as shari)ly distinguished from the other Suckers in its appearance as in its auaiomy. The dusky colors and the amall use of the head attract attention at once. But oue s^iecies is yet knoirn. That being the case, the synonymy of the 8i>ecieB needs uo discussion, its oldest name being the one in com- mon ose. Speciment fit UhU^ Statct National JfM<rHm. :< N amber. Locality. Collector. 107 8673 1079O Clnclonatl Ohio . .. J. W. MUn«r. 12278 do Do. Genus CARPIODES Rqfinesque. "CttrpMeii RAFiKSsqcB, lob. Oh. 56, 1830. (As sabgenoa of CalOfUmta.) SeUrpffnatkua Valenciennrb, HtaU Nat dea PoisaoDS, xvii, 479, 1844. Type, Co/oiteMWf oj/primu Le Sneur. Etymology, Latin carpia, a oarp ; i, 9^ earp4ika. Uoad comparatively short and deep, sometimes conic, somct bhiut, its length ranging from 3j to 6 in that of the body, its ii] surface always rounded ; eye moderate, median or anterior in )H>.'».ltintj suborbital bonoa well developed, their depth moro than half that 0ENU8 CAHPI0DE8. 191 ly |>orlion of the cheek below; fontanelle always preBent, well 3(otith always stnall, horizontal ami inferior, the mandible less than tbinl the lent^th of the head, the lips thiu, the apper protractile, iHiToir, the lower qaito narrow, /y-shaped, or rather p-sbaped, behind; bo«b HpA feebly plicate or nearly smooth, the plicm often more or less brekto up; jaws without cartilaginous sheath; ninciferous system Moderstely developed; operonlar apparatus well developed, the sub- operde broad, the operculnm in the adult more or less rugose ; isthnms moderate ; pharyngeal bones remarkably thin and laterally compressed, vWbashallowfurrowalongtheanteriormarginoD the inside,and another oentrul one on the outline of the enlarged surfaces; teeth very 1, compressed, nearly equally thin along the whole inner edge of the bone, forming a flue comb-like crest of minnte serratnres; their aotttng edge riaes above the inner margin into a prominent point. Ofllnken of anterior arch slender and stiff above, becoming reduced doirowiinl*. Body ovate or oblong, the dorsal outline more or less arched, the Tcotral outline more nearly straight, the depth from half to one-third ^6 Ifogtb, the sides compressed ; the back notably so, forming a sort of carina ; caudal peduncle short and deep ; scales large, about equal over tb^ iKkdy, their posterior margins slightly serrate; lateral line well developed, nearly straight, with 84 to 41 scales, 12 to 15 scales in a croea^row fVom dorsal to ventrals ; dorsal fin beginniug near the middle of the body, somewhat in advance of ventrals, falcate, its anterior rays Ttry much elevated and usually Ulnmentoas, their height ranging from to 1) tlie length of the base of the On, the number of developed rays tgiog from 23 to 30; caudal fin well forked, the lobes equal ; anal fin itively long and low, emnrginate (in malesf), its number of dwdoped rays osnally 8; ventrals shortish, with usually 10 rays; i>ec- tormli short. Sexual peculiarities little marked ; in some species, at least, the males •pring have the snout minutely tuberculate. OolocatioD always plain; pale olivaoeoua above, white below, but laidly dlveryi tiio fins all partaking of the color of the region to which '\ke$ belong. AlrUadder with two chambers. Blxe medlnm or rather large. Thb gffius was first recognized ond defined by Professor Agassiz in CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOKTH AMERICAN IdTTHYOLOGT — ^IIL 1855. Since then it baa been generally received by authors auder tbi uuiiie uaine aud with the same limits. It waa first briefly outlined bj KiiUueHcjue iu 1820 under the uamo of CarpiodeSf then afterwards b] Valenciennes defined uiofe fully uudertbe name of Schroynathun. Bot Carpiodea and SclerognaihiiH haviug the snmetypic;d species {Catoa.t4>m\ cifpriuun Le Suuur), the older aud preferable name, Carpiode^j is the ou| tu bu adopted. The rouoguition of species in this genns is a matter of cxtromo calty, from their grout resemblance to each other in color, size, foi and general appearance. Our knowledge of the Hpecies thus far hi been almost entirely due to the labors of Professor Cope (A Partial Sj or»si8 of the Fishes of ^orth Carolina "^ Proc. Am. Philos. Soc. Phil ]S70). I have myself examined siK'cimens agreeing with each of Pj fesBor Cope'S descriptions, aud, with two exception {Carpiodet Mdene Varpiodejt grayi)^ I am disposed to admit all his species. It is true, hoi over, tl»at iu every large collection of Carpiodcs there are specimei disagreeing more or less from the typical forms of each species, aiu which should, in cousistenoy, be de&cribeil as distinct species, or the species which they appear to connect should be united. I have d< however, examiucd a sufficiently full series of Carpiodcs to bo pi pared to accept either of these alternatives, i have, therefore, takei Professor Copers analysis of the species, aud added to it SDch addi* tional feutares as 1 have been able to observe, and 1 give the whole onr best Ivuowledge at present on the subject, leaving for future Btadj the consideration of the degree of relationship existing between ei/prinus^ veli/er, and thompsonu The other four species, mrpiOf bi&on, cutinat rinujij and difformin^ seem to be manifestly distiuct, unless difformU a monstrous form of outisanHcrinus. S|>ectes of this genus are fonnd iu all the fresh waters of the tJait Slates east of the ItocUy Mountains. They seldom ascend the smal streams, ntid are lakiMi by means of nuts Irom the larger rivers ai lakes. From their resomUlauce in fonn to the European Carp {C}ipri\ carj)fo), they are popnlarly known as '^Carp^. This resemblance baa iggestetl the name of tlie genus and of two of its species. As food< fishes thoy are rather indillercnt, the Uesh being rather coarse and tlavoi lesH and full of suiall bones. Thegeugraphical distribution ut thesp huH been little F,tudicd. C, cyprinn$ is the common species east of till Alleghanies, and, if "0. damalU^ and *^C. tumiduii'" l>e tbo same, tho Upper Missouri region aud tbo Hio Grande also. 0* Utomp^ni is Uii 0ENIT8 CARPIODES. 193 Giirp of the Great Lakes. C. earpio ia the mast abundant Rpe- io th© Ohio Kiver, where C. ttelifer and C cutmntfmnuA also occar to naipcoae nntnbers. 1 Am eonv'mced that neither the number of scales nor the namber of II ra^8 can be relied on to diRtin^ish speciea in this geniiH, the entire imogn of vi&riatiou being probably found in every species. The hei^'ht of tb« anterior rays of the dorsal, ulthouf^h subject to considerable vjiriu- tinn with a^e and wear, seems to be snfflciontly constant tx) divide the Ipeciea into two groups. Oentric Charaetaieaiion», CAMriMyttwt BAfiDuqne, 1820. — " Body oblong, aoaie\rbftt compressed ; head cotn- l, dItmi ftbdominni rays, dorul fia commonly elongate, tail ei]^ua]Iy forked." — jiS^CK, Ivk. Oh. p. Titi.) •cuOKioXATncfl Scorer, 1346.— "Snout slightly advanced beyonnd the uoutb; tbo Uy oCtht tiinntb la oupported, afi ia tbo Catoiiomit hy tbe intenDaxillary, wbich famlabrU in fruot witb » well d<.>vcloped, projecting, carttlugiDuiiB ethmoid. The ^bt branch hi long, and of a styloid form, while tbo borizootal iB shortened, and is rt» IumJ, the inferior edge of which serres merely to snpport tho BDperior angle of OMMtlk. The remainder of tbo maxillary arch Is formud by a Obroua lignmrot rnv- meA Ify a Uitu, itndilated lip, rednced to a thin and flesliy protaberaooe. The np|»er ^«r li *> very nulld buny pircc, under which the tipper lip it) partly druwu ; this We» • >i 'd hy tbo tint two Biiborbitulm, being wider iiiid no Ions ndvaiiecd than ikM* itT tb* Caioftpmi. Aa to it« Ifpn, it is a L«uei9c»0; bnt tbe osteology of its mouth iwiihlna tli*t of the Cato$tomi. Tho doraal is long, like that of tbe Carps. The bt^d k44, maikod by Hoes of macoun pores. Pharj'ngeal teeth coaitniike, tiner uud •«|cuU th40 thnno of the Catontomi. Tbe uir-bluddur is divided into two largo ; lb« ttKit«rlur )m Urge ami nxinded, with n slight depretwiou at itji superior face; ll« wteood ocmical, twice a« lung an the fimt and Ibllowcd hy two nnmll lobeft ; the new- otonK'tttea with (he (I'^tophagns by an »ir-pip«."— (StOitKU, ifna. Jw. Jt*. JrJ« 1^6, p. A'I7 ; fssentiully a irojislatioa from Vuleucietiues'a account.} CAttnfK>B» Aguiiix« IKUV. — "Tbe hotly la vory high iind strongly comprcBsed, tbe rul(«aa the hack fonnlug the outline iu front of thodonul la vvry much arehcdT ly oontinnoua downwards with the rather (ttecppiofilo of Ihc bcml. TW luk*d t4 tboitf its height and length diA'er Imt little. The suotit is hhort and Tim SfDHtl month in entirely inrt'rior, and DnrnintMlfd by nnrnnv thin li)Mir qr lew Iranevcniely folded. The lower jaw is short luid bnmd. The tfoae* ofCarplodia are remarkably thin, comprensed laterally, with a shal- ]>ti aut4*-rlor margin on the tiitlu, uiiil another nion? central f>ne on the . •! Hnttaei^; the loeth aro very iimttll,cumpre(UM:d,iMpmUy I bin along iaoar odgo of the boue, forming a Sou coiub-like crest of ininnte serratarea ; ri-ms above the inoor margin into a proniinent iKjint. >^ of tbi) long dorwl in niender, its third and fourth ruyit Ixung juo- ;hv ^«Uowlug uDos lulo long tllfuaonta. The lower ftoa ore all pointed, BHij S. M. Xa 13—13 fe 194 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHTOLOGY III. rather fitnall. aud botico different from ono aootUer. Tho Tonfral ridge of tbe ImmIjt 1« flat. Tho Bcalea haro many narrow, nwltating furrows npon the antf rior fit^hl, «nd uro luoro (li.'op)y Diarkod, id n sCrai^fbt liue, across the laterul fields, or Itmitiug the latei aod |H>aterior tlutdfl, hardly any npon tho anterior fiehl, th« w&vIok of the brood* coDceutric ridges producing only a radiated appearance upon that iield. Ttibv of tt lateral hue Ntrnight and aimple, arising in advance of the centro of radiation, which seated iti tho centre of fonu of the scales."— (AOAiisi/, Am, Jaunt, So. Art»^ I8S.1, p. 1] CAiti'[or>RS GUnther, 18r»a — " IJislingaisbed from Stlrrognatkuti (i. e. liuiMlirklhsa Ichtht/ohH») by it^ very thin, ofiinprossod pbaryiigeul Ixinus, which are armed with comh-lilce eerios of nearly equally miuat« comprpssed t«etb." — (QCNTTtBR, VaU J3W/. J/h», vii. p.d4.) OARnonEs Cope &. .lordao, 1877. — " Body oblong oval, compresseil ; donul elonj elevated in front, of 20 or more rays; fontanelle pr««ent; pharyngeal bnneit narrowj with the teeth relatively thin ood weak; month small, inferior, prrttroctilo dnvi wards.'* — (Jordan, Proo. Ac, Xat, Se. I'hila, 1877, p. ^C2.) A17ALY8IS OP STECIMS OF CAnPIODRS. ^^DortMil fin with the anterior rays very much elevated and atteuuatod, eqnalting more usnally exot^odlng the length of the boMo of tho fin. tMniixle very uhrnplly ubtntio, almost verticilly trnncato iu front. 0. Muzzle exceedingly blnut, so that the nnterior edge of the mnnd(h|p is in Ui with the anterior rim of the orbit, and the maxillary reaches to the anlcrj< edge of the papil : anterior suborbital deeper than long: head 4^ in leoj ©ye qnite large, n J to 4 in head : bi»dy arched, the depth somrwhat h-w half the length : first ray of dorsal nc-arcr miisExlc than ba^c> of caui scales G-Sfi-I : D. 24. A. 6, V. 9 mn-'ORMis, ao. Muzzle notably blnot, bof less so than in the preceding : anterior wlge of mandible in advance of the orbit, and the maxillary Just reaHiing the lit of the lower rim of the orbit : antvrior suborbital boco deeper than I01 (longer than deep, "w/ci**"): head 4 times in length: eye sraallish, 4) hMul: bmly arched, the depth at»ont 2j in length: snterior raysuf d<n about midway tietweeu euont and base of caudul: scales 7-.1T-& ; D. ^ 8, V. 10 rrxiJiASSKiUNCR, tt Muzzle conic, projecting, obtusely ]Kiinttid : end of the msudible renchitig to tip| site nostrils: anterior suborbital a<i deep as long: head H{ in length moderate, 4 tu 4^ in length of head: body arched ab >ve, the depth 2i to in length : tirat ray of dorsal nvan-r muzzle than base of caudal: soalosT- 37-6: U.«Ior27 ("?2", Cope) VCLirm, Dorsal tin with the anterior rays niore or less shorttfrneU, their length Dne<bnli two-thirds tlut of the base of Iho fin : muzzle more or \pm conic and Jeclii]g. h. Head long, contained almnt 3| liuie« In length to bssc of candol : iunitt!ii «1( gat4}-U(>nio, so that Uio eye is nearly median, the middle of lii« lenglJi nf tl henil fatting In fnmtof its posterior margin : bo^ly not r' 3 in length : anterior rays of doPMil pretty high, not m<i base of the fin, not IhlokeDed al base: Up« well devaloped: «yo larce, 4^ bead: ooaloaT-i' - , 7 -- , lu^Kur, CAHPI0DE8 COTI8AN8ERINU8 VJ5 intermediate, Its length oontatned abont A times <3f to 4i) In tbiU; of bodj t anterior rnys of iloraal not thiuk(«nml at batto. A. Body Atout, abort, thr bock muoh arolied, tiie depth 3^ in length : head 4 to II lo Wtigtb, thu uiUicy.lH moderately iH>iut<>d: donwl mye considerAbly ole- TMtcii, two-thinlti TU* toDg: M bane of fin : cyo Hniall, ^ in bund : tip of lower jiir luueli in adrnnce of nootrils; inasiltnry renohiDg line of orbit: anterior HaboddtAl Urgci, doep, roandiab: orif^n of dorsal about midway of body: acalm ntLor closely imbricated, B-39 to 41-G: D. S7, A. 7, V. 10. THOMPSOSI, 47. c Boily e]nogAt4*, not mncli plevnted, the depth 2| in length : bead :tf to 4, Ibn mutzio pnjniiof^ut but rnther blnnti^b: front Bcnrcely concave aliove C|eav the protile foruing a soiuewhut uniform curvo: eye siiinll. nearly G iu Iwad: Mit«rior mys of dorsal moderately clorntod, nearly tbree-fonrlha the lra|>th of tbrt fin, th« fir»*t ray nrarly midway between suont and bnaeof r»«<loI : ftc»Iwi(V;l7-5: D. 24 to 27, A. S, V. 10 cVPRixrfl^ 48. . lirad compamtivnly abort, itH ItMigtb contained 4^ to 5 llmeH in the lenj^lli of thn iKxIy : body more fuetform limn in tfao otbcra, eompreaHed, bnl not much arcbcKl, the «U'[ilh 2) to H tinieti in tbt* li^n^th: anterior rayn of doraal abttrt, iiotubly tbiokcDed nnd newuns at bn^e, tb)* first ray uean^r tlie end of Ibe mozicle than the base of tbo candal tin : eye small, anterior, 4| in bead: nnxzli! abort, bnt projecting much beyond mouth : size largest of the genua. CARPIO, 49. 43. CARPIODES DIFFORMIS Cope, Dtf armed Carp JSucktr. dtgbrmiM Cope:, Proo. Am. Pbilos. Soc. Pbilo. 490. CarpMU* diffurmtM Jont>A.N, Man. Vnrt. S*J7, 187<>. CarpMf difftirwkU .Iohdan & Oopki^nd, Check List, 158, 1976. ClBQirfotfr* tV>ff»rmU Jorhan, Proc. Ac. Nat. Si\ Pbila. 72, li?77. CkppfiMlsa diffitrmU JORDAN Jt GILBERT, Id Kllppart's First Report Ohio Fish h Oamniiaaian, M, pi. xiii, f. '21, Id!?. H OvpMw diffam\» JtuLDAN, Dull. C 8. Nat. Mna. 0,50, 1877. H Cixryiodra diffonnis JoRDA>-. Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 'J2l, IffTf^, ^BiairaT. ^fete oil raT« — (Milo V«lley; !«•« oouimon tlrnn the other species. only Rpccimeu which I have seen of this specieH was from the Kiver, nx which stream Professor Cope's ori^unl types were So S|>eci(ueu8 artf in the United States Kationul Musimzu, vfaiob, im)ef»d, at pret^nt coot-ains very few of the Carp Suckers or BiiAalo>IUIi. 44. CARPIODES OUTISANBEUINUS Cope. Loug-Jiiinfd Carp Sucker, QHltHiock. -Cii]iio4« mtimmuriwuB Copk, Proo. Am. Pbilus. Soc. Phil*. 481. CmpitMm mOmnHriiiif Jordak & Cupclaxd, Check Lisl^ 158, 1876. ^ 196 OONTKIBimONS TO NOBTB AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY III. ^^^^ Carphdex cutUanminua Jukdan. Bnll. V. 8. Nat. Man. 9, HO, 1077. ^^^^H Car^node* cuti*aiiMriuHM JonuAN Ac GluiKttr, tu Kliiiitiirt'H Rept. 53, 1976. ^^^^H Carpiodt* eutuOHMritiut Joupax, Mati. Vurt, ed. 'iU, :t2l, U^e. ■ 1H70— CVirptodflt mJ<ii« Cofb. Proc. Aid. PtiiloH. S(m\ Plif la. 481. ^^K Carpiodett gctnte Jokuan & Cot'KLANi*. Check List. 158, 1^76, ^^^^^ Carpiodct nelcnc Jokdan & Gwnrjvr, iu Klipp.trt'e Kept- &3, 1876. ^^^^B CorTfftKftv B^tHt JORDAK, HftD. VfliTt. ed. 3d, 321, 1478. ^^^\mi\—IdithgobMa dij^rmis Nelson, Bull. No. 1, U. S. Nat. Mob. 49. ^^^ nAniTAT.— MiuiBBippi Valley; gencnill; abandant. TlnH 8i>eoie8 is closely related to C. rf?»/cr, but differs in the abnt truncate snoat, that of velifer being conic. I am unable to recog C. seiene as a distinct species at present, the form of the anterior 1 orbital being the only distinguisbing feature of muob importuncetj that probably not a couHtuut one. C. cutisannerinHa is as abutidanj tbo Ohio as C. velifer^ and I have seen many specimens iVom the III! Hiver, ^^H dptcAmrM In VniUd Slain National Mtunmm, ^^H Nnmber. I^fwulity. CultMl ^^ y0033 Caraberliind River - - --. A.WlB( Do. do ^^^ 45. OAKPiODES VBLTFEK [Rafinesqite] Aga$»U ^^^^m CarpStuicer. Skimback. Qaillback. Sailor. SaUing 8*uixr. SptarJUh. ■ 1620— f f CatoJrfcmv^ an\»opterua BafixksqdEj lob. Ob. 45, (Deacriptlon at MOOod 1 aud nureoognixable.) t IrtW— ( atoaUmMM pelifer XUFCncSQiTB, fob. Oh. .% ^^H Cato$tQmM ttU/rr KiRTUiXD, Rep. Zool. Ohio, 166, 1838. ^^^^B CarpMM nlifrr Aoassiz, Aiu. Jouni. 8c. Arts, 3d K*r{ei, xix. 191, 18S5. h ^^^^V CarjiodtB velifer Copr, Ptvw. Am. Philoa. Soc. Fhita. 4r«2, 1670. ^^ ^^^^B Carpiodtm veltfer JotmAX. FUb« of lud. 3^i. 1^75. ^^^^K C^rpiodm veliftT JonoAX, HnIL Buffalo Boc. Nat. Hint. 95, 1876. ^^^^^^ CariModM wlifwr Joudan, Man. VurU 397, 1870, ^^^^H Carpioda tvl^'rr Jokdan & Coi>f>luti(l, Check Lint, 1.58, lH7a ^^^^B Ic>Uhy}hua i^ii/er Nklhon, Bull. No. 1, IIU. Mus. Nat. Utsl. 49, 1870^ ^^^^H Carpiodet wlifer JoHi^AN & QiuieitT, la Kllpparl'i Fint Saport Otito ^^^^H ComniMloD. ^, I'^TT. ^^^^B f^rpfodM teOfv Juiwan, Biill. U. S. Nat. Miia. ix,34, 1677. ^^^H CarpfodM veliTcr JonuAN, Mui. Vort ed. dd* 341, I67& H CARPIODES BISON. ^^H 197 ■ ^HlM— AAnfttcttMi eypi'iwiK KtRTLAND, Boat. Joarn. Nat. Hist. rol. t« 275. (la purl; H ^H BABnATv—DTaiieni fttrvAma lutd lakoa (Caynga Lnko, Now York, lo Miuiiwippl ^^H ^M Tbis species is quite Hbundaiit hi the Ohio River, auU I bavo seea H ^hMfawM not evidently UiHtingniHlmble, from Lake Erie and from other 1 ^Bstfin tributary U> tbe Great Lakea. ludiscriuiiuattily with C. c»<tV 1 ^BMrMiM, R tt» known to tbe fishermeu j\s Quillback, Skimback, etc., ■ ^^ lower-tinned «pecic4 being called rather ''Carp". Mo8t of the 1 ^ftsooyiuy aboro quoU5d includes several species, the true veVfer being ■ ^Bm < shed by Troresaor Cope. UalinetMjue's anittoptcrits I bring B ^■Co ;..i .^uiiymy ot this species, simply to refer to it somewhere. It H ^B ranlly nnidentitiabte. Kirtland's Hderognaihttx cy/irinutt refers most to H Hto species, bat bis figure represents no known ash. Tbe head is too H ^haD, uad the form, etc^ incorrect. ^^H ^m Specivum in Unitad SfaUa XaiUmal Mattum, ^^H ^HNmlwr. Locality. CoUcDtor. H ^^V ttrr? ' Oirnipi I^ktiNr^ Vnrlr 1 ^1 Ibcte ftro iil«o several other specimens in the collection, but without ^^| H 40. CAIiPIODES BISON Agams, ^H ^H Lonii-hradt4 Corp Swker. ^^^M ^H ^M"-CtryioJi» M*on Agamiz, Am. Juurn. Sci. ArtA, :tr>6. ^^H ^H ai^rfodM frjaoji AOAsalz, Am. Jouni. Sci. Art«, 190, 1835. ^^| ^H Cwploiln itiwN Corx, Proc. Am. Pliiloa Sou. Pbiln. 483, 1^70. ^^M ^M Ctepitdn Mmn Jdriun, Mnti. Vert. 'iUT. \f^i^, ^^M ^M Ctrfiodm hiavm JiiRluN & Copblam>, Cbeck liUt, 158, ld76. ^^| H fi*cftfi*&M M«m Nklbok« BalL No. 1, Ilia. Mas. Nat. IIlHt. 49, IHTA. ^^M ^^ Gvy^l«d« hitou Joii^AX A. (IiLUKirr, iti Klippnrc'd liv\}i. 0:1, 187G. ^^H ^1 GMyiddw Mmm Joxi^ax, Hall. U. 8. Na(. Mum. ix. »>, 1K77. ^^| H GtryCodA i^Uit» Jordax, Muu. Vert. ed. Sd, ^2!^ 1676. ^^M ^^^■prMT.— UUmSmIPPI Vallry (Osage Blrer, Jgassiz ; Mimiwippi River, Wabash V ^^^^. Tkumsmu River, Cope). ■ ^■jifi..., 1. j^ j^ which ProfcRwir Agassiz gave the pame "^wm" ■ ^^^w^ iiifil from the published descriptions. ProlVssor Cope 1 ^^^^^H ' pr««eut s{iecieB under that name, and we acr4^pt the ^^1 iy8 COSTSIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMEBIOAN ICHTHYOLOGY — IIL uauie bUoH on his authority. This species is not generally commoo ixi ») i;ir OS my experience goes. I hare, however, seeq one or two from Che Ohio Kiver. I found no specimens in the National Museum. 47. CAliPIODES THOMPSONI Agasaiz. Lake Carp. Iti4:i— CatotftoiiM ejfpriuua Thompson, Hiut Vr. 133. L;mo — Ciirpioda tluimpmmi Agjussiz, Am. Joom. Sc. Arts, 2d series, xiz, 191. Carpiode9 thompaotti CoPB, Proc. Ac. Nat. So. Phila. 285, 1864. Carpiodm tkompsoHii Copk, Proc. Am. Philoe. Soo. Pbila. 483, 1870. Carpiodm tkomptomi Jordan, Man. Vert. 297, 1876. h-kthgoiiu tkompaomi Nelson, Ball. No. 1, Ills. Mas. Nat. Hist. 49, 1876. Caryiodtm tkompwni Ju&dam & Copelamd, Check List, 158, 1876. Varpioda thomptonii Jordan & Oilbekt, iu Klip;>artV Kept. 53, 1B76. ('(uywiiM tkamptoni Jordan, Man. Tert. ed. 2d, 323. 1878. U.vHi'v.vr. — Great Lako region ; abaudani. This si>ecies occurs in more or less abundance throughout the Great l^Wo fegiou. It is the shortest and most arched of all the species. lU dor^kl tin is about intermediate between that of teli/er and that of wtt^iiK i have examined very many specimens of this species, and I ttiid tittle variation among them. This fish reaches a length of somo- xUiu^ over a foot, and is sold by the Lake fishermen as " Carp". Specimens in United States National Museum, NtuulH'r. Locality. Cullector. UiHO I SiiuduMky, Ohio , i\\:i ' do ni-''* do \{\.\0 I do \\\M I do UIW ! do J. W. Miluer. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. ifi. (lAUriODES 0YPRINU9 [Le Sueur) Agaaaiz. AWt-rM Carp Sucker. Xtbraska Carp Sucker. Rio Grande Carp. t.>i, 1 ftiud/tMNiw cjiyrinua Lk Surur, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila. i, 91. ..Sf iji*n«<w I^kKav, New York Fauan, part iv, Fishes, 194, 1842. . \,(fv>)j«afAM« cgprinm Cuvikk &. Valknciennks, Hist. Nat. dtw Poissons, xrii, \.sti\'^Mihm v$pr%nHS Storkk, Synopsis, 427, 1846. K iii|i«tnlrr ^f$pria^t AOASeiz, Am. Joam. Sc. Arte, 2d vAties, xlx, 191, I8S6. CARPI0DE8 CYPRINU8. 199 fivyiaiin cpfrinuM OCirrUKn^ C&t. Fiabcii Brit Miu. vil, ^4^ 1868. C«7Jada Cfprinv Cure. Fruc. Am. I'liilcw. Hoc. Pbilu. 464, 1870. CgyMn rxprtM*u Jordan, Kiabos ol' Ind. 20*2, lc^5, Cyptmtm ny/TlHN* Jollt>AN', Man. Vtfrt- £97, 1870. r«7«mlf« cy/rrinu* l* ni.Kii Jk lAHUitcu. FiNbeH of Mur>'1nn<l. 140. ltf7G. iVpudM (if^rinuji JcMtPAV & C'<H'KL.\ni>, Check List, I5d, lri7(i. Ovy^fM «fprittM JoRhAX, Man. V«rt. «d. 2d* 3^1, iHTa HH-rtfrptodn raom Auassjz, Am. Joarn. ScL Arln, 1156. iSA~UqnmleM tumiUita lUiitii dc (JiitAUD, Pror. rtiilo. Ac. N.a. i^.2a Miulrif* /niHufM (.ilKAltn, U.S. Mcx. iiuuDd.@iirv. Icb.34,pl. xxx. f. 1-4. 18&9. Mikfobm Immidua Joim.uf A CufELAMLi. Check Liat. 15d, 1876. IGI-r«|ii0Av dsMo/U GiuAUD, i'roc. Au. Nut. Sc. l^bilo. 170. '«yp^k4M rfanuilia (liiiAi n, V, &. Puc. R. R. Exp), x, t>l8. pi. xlviii, f. 1-4, ISEa Corpioda rfaiia/M Cofk, Tioc. Ac. Nat. .So. Phiia. 8j, IHiyi. €gyi<rff< ddiMi7i« Joudan Sl C«>PBiJkNo, CbcHjk Li»t. 1&5, 1876. KP-Oi/jH**.* jr</yi' CofK. Prii*.'. Am. Philoa. 8oc. Pbiln. 4«, lOTO. <^«jNMi>«yr4y{ JouiiAN «1 Cofblanu, Cbcck LUt, 158. 1^6. C^wiea ffroyi COPB A Yakuow. Whevler'a Expl. W. lUOtb Mer. t, ZooI. 681, RaMTat. — New EngU^d to Alnbama ; tbcDce to Mexico aud nortb to (be Upper f hn\'t cUw^tt here already united tbe iMininal species grnyi mul tumi- t, (or the (ollovriri;; lOAHoriH: — OirariPs **IctiohuM tufttidun^* is corUiiiily Ctiqmnic9^ ns iH pluiiily (tliowii by the pubtinbcd ti^ure^ the month he- i|C n-firenentecl nn Hinall atiil inferior, beneatb (be projecting snout. I kte UDtnemu^ >oung Apecioieus of a Carpiodes from the Kio Grande, BruwiiKvillc, TexaM, the original locality of Iciiobm iumidns. Hut uiy kens do not ditiagne in any important respect Irom Curpiodea iirayi^ the Name rivt-*r, nor uni I able, on examination o( anllientic speci- wf the tatter species, to point out any differeuceH between them and ly Rrownnville speciroeuH. Therefore, if tumidvH and grayi arc wally iffrn^iit, th<? diflVrouees have escaped my notice. It is of course possi- tk* ikkt my llrowuHville specimens, althon^b tVom the original locality uf tumidut^ may not be tbat Kpeciea; but, as the ty|>es of tutnidinf have hrra luet, 1 do not nee bow the question can ever Ins nettled. lam furthermore unable to separate /tn/i/Jw* as thus oharncttTiy*ed fto* ddrMfi/u UnL, and the close relationship exist inj; between dnmuUn *od ta/prima had alrtrady been noticed by Professor Cope. As 1 now Mwvb thai cj/priHtvty tumidutt, damalis^ nuAgrayi were all based on mem- Wn of a AJngle widely diHused species, 1 unite them in the above « id the common Carp Sucker of Peoosylvania aud the 200 C0NTRIBUTI0N8 TO NORTH AMERICAN ICaTHYOLOOY — III. Middle StattiH. I bare no S]>cciu3en8 refenibte to ibis specie^) tn>in lb( Great Lukes, uor from tho Mi^isissippi or tbe Ohio. If cyprinMy tut dun, and damalin are identic;il, howerer, oueot' two tliiugs muHt be true*] Eitber C cyprinus really inbabits tbe wbole Miasissippi YuUeyj but bi beeu overlooked or confounded with others, or else we have a very ci ous anomaly in tbe distribution of tbe species, it bein^ an inbabitaol of waters of two widely separated areas, having little in common. Th« former supposition seems tbe most probable, and 1 accordingly look fo( specimens of C cyprinuis in tbe Mississippi Valley. <SpeciiPMWf In Vn'Urd Slat€» Natiowil JfiwpHm. Number, Locality. Collector, 179 13012 15891 30109 Uound Lake, Montgomery, Alabamn Kiiniliou Ac Beau. Fort Pierre, N'ebr. (types of C. damaliti) Dr. Evudm. UepublicuD River Wood &. HAoimoQiL Bio Graude, Now Mexico {grayi) Nebriuka "U.S.Mex. Boandary Surrey " (tji']iee of tnmidtuf), BrowoBviUfl. Tex , . ....................... Dr. O. Loew. 49. CAIiPIODES CARino {Rafine^que) Jordan, Big Carp SufAer. OHce Carp Suder. 1920— Cato»t<mu$ carpio IUriN)£6<iUB, Ich. Oh. 56. Citrpiodcs oarpio Joudam, Bull. Boffolo Soo. Nut, Uist. 95, 1870. Carpiodts oarpio Jo«rt.is. Man. Vert. !»7, 1H7(J. Ichthj/ohu» carpio \ki>on, Bull. No. l. Ills. Mas. Nat. Hint. 40. 187& Carpiodaa oarpio Juudan A Copelakd, Check Lis^ 15A, lri?ti. Carpiodet Mrpto JtmuAJt X Gn.RF.RT, in Klip^art'a R«pt. M, 1876. Carpiwlc« carpio JoattiMf Proo. Ac.Nat, Sn. Piiilu.7a, 1877. Carpioden oarpio J ouSJXSf Bull, U.S. Nat. Muh. ix.:l4, 1677. Carpiodt:9 rarjno JoR das, Man. Vert, ed, 2d, 322, IH7S. 1870— r.»ri>io<fc* ttummiffr Cope, Proo. Am. Pliilrwi. S«»i\ PliUa. ifti, HAurTAT. — MiasiMippi Valley. Abundant la the Ohio Rlrer. This is tbe mo-tt Abundant species of its ^'enas in tbo Ohio Bivvr its tributaries. It is tbe largest 6|>ecie8, tbe most elon^rate, and baa loweNC fln-ruys and tbe suiuUest bead. Tbe iieculiar culargumeut of ihi anterior rays of tbe dorsal 1 have foand to Iw an excellent di;v- ubaratrter. This species biis beeu well deseribed by Uroleft-s" under the uame of C. nummi/tn'. There can, however, be bat UtUi GENUS BUBALICnTHVS. 201 BaflD€flQue bail the suuie liHb ia miud ah bis C. carpio, and I ITT Aownljiigly adopted tbc latter nume. JbeafcMnf U United Stat€9 National Muaeum, Colleotor. J.W.MiiDer. Do. Genus BUBALICHTHYS Agassis. IrAlljpf AOAttsrz, Am. Jonro. ScL ArU^ 1855, 1{>-2. GONTtlRit, CaU Fiahas Brit, Mas. vii, p, 22, lUGS. iM 0t C'«f7>ioc20» np. of aiitbortt, Tjp^ I'arpiodn mriu Aguiv-iiz. Head moderate or nttfaer large, deep and tbick, its snperior oatlino [|X Hsiug, Us leugtb abont 4 iu tbat of Cbe body : eye motlerate, ID or ratber anterior in ])08ition ; Buborbital boues cotnparuMrely iw ; footanetle always present and widely open. Moutli moderate or small, more or less inferior, tbe mandible Hliort, kUleiibUf|ue,ortypicid]y<p]itebonzontaI,tbe mandible less tbauoue-lhird tte length of the bead, tbe premaxillarics in tbe closed mouth below t^ level of tbe lower part of tbe orbit ; lips rather thin, thicker than iu ijftUrutif the upi>er prolnictile, nnrrow, plicate, ibo plicro someiinies i4ro up into gninulen; lower lip comparatively full (for a Huiralo- i), fatntly plicate, the pliea' b:oken np into grannies, tbe lower lip iriug th« genenil q Hhaped form 8een iu Carpiotlett ; JawH witbont car- LOOOH fiheoih ; uiueiferous ciysteui well developed; opercular appa- Wfll deTe1o[>ed, but \e»9 so than in IchthifohuH^ the operciilnm ttHMgly mgoMD; UtbmuA moderate; pharyngeal bones triangular, with tetftli, wbjcb increoHO in Bize from above downwards; teeth com- r griudinge<lge blunt, Hlightly arched in the middle, and \\ a little cUKp along the inner margin, which is hardly (ktached from the crown, and does uot rise nbove tbe surface : gill-rnkers HfiLuirrtor arch slender and ntiff alwve, growing shorter downwards. Bgdy orate or oblong, the dorsal outline more or less arched, the sides tf thr liody oompre&Bed, the ventral outline curved also, but to a less 4^nr: ttcaUrfl very large, about equal over the body, their posterior 202 CONTEIUCTIONS TO NOETH AMERICAN IcnTUTOLOGY III. outlines somowbat semito; lateral liue veil developed, uearly straight with 35 to 42 scales, 12 to 14 in a cross-series from Teotrals to dorHtU dorsal Gu l>c*;;iiiuiii^ uear tbe middle of the body, somowbut \n advuni of the veutnils, its nuteiior rays elevated, their beigbt aliont 4-ijiial U half the base of tbe &d, tbe Dumber of rays iu Lbe dorsal fin rangiuj from 25 to 32; caudal fiu vfeM lorked, tbe lobes about equal, not f« catc; anal fiu eomparalively long and rather low, of 8 or 0 deveb>i« rays; veutrals moderate, 10 rayed j pectorals rather short: sexual jhwi liarities, if any, unknown : coloration dull dark brown^ nearly plaiu, m silvery ; fins olivaceous or more or less dusky. Air bladder with two chamt>er8. Size quite large. In general appearance, the Bpccies of Bubalicktkys bear a cousiderabl^ resemblance to those of Carpiodes. Tbe form is, however, coai-ser thai that of any CarphdeSy the dorsal fin is lower* and tbe coloration is' darker and duller. The species reach a larger size than do those of CarpiudeJt^ but whether larger or not than tbe species of Ichthyohus I am unable to say. In external appearance, BubaUchthys is intermediat iK'tween Carpioden and Ichthyohus^ the one species, tuhnittjt, resemblin| CarpiiidvH most, the other, urus^ being most like Ichthyohus. Our knowledge of the species of this genus is very incomplete. MaQJ species were named and indicated by Professor Agassiz, but with such fragmentary descriptious that not a single one of them is certaiidj known by any one. I have, however, been able to identify in specimei from Quiney, III., tbe fishes termed by him J3. buhalus and //. m the snmll mouthed and the lai'ge-mouthed Buffalo. Assumiug these V well-separated si>ecies as a basis, I have compared with them numeroa^ BiinUIo-lisbes imin various localities, and iu all cases I have found tbei identical witli either the one or the other. 1 have therefore ailoptc< the tiypothesis, jMjssible, and perhaps probable, that all of tbe nominal species of Professor Agassiz were based on the one or the other of tbe«e two forms. As to this, I may say that tbe sole basis of some of tbme uomiiml si>ecies was the differenco in locality. From what wo know of the range of other siiecies of Catostomidcc^ there is nothing antecedenily improbable iu the same fish l>eing found iu the Wubash »itd Mobilo Rivers, or in the Tennessee and Osage. Myj-ostoma yuacroirpidotw Ermyztm nhlonguK^ Minytrtma meittnoptiy CatoatomuH (vrcJf, anil otbi are known to occur in all four of those atreonu. Tbe queatioua locality may, I think, be safely elimiualeil from tbe discosttioa. T publtKheil by Prufeiwor Ag^iasix are ulmost wurthlt'SH for the dlstifictioD of Kpoeies. It has accordingly seemed be»t to uie, as a tern- fmauy amngemi'Dt, at least until more than ttco Kpecies are shown to oeear Ui oiir wutci*M, or nntil sotuo oue is able to show Irooi exaniinariou of Professor Ag;iHaiz*8 types what he r<^aUy had in mind, Lo distribute ki* uotiiinal species iu the syuooyiuy of the tvo which we know. I k^w accordingly considered each of Agasuiz^s species and made it ideciUcal wttU either the small*moutlied or the large-moathed 8i>ecies, aa Uie <le<scHpUou t^eeiued to indittato. A third species, from Central AmehiSA^ which 1 suppose belongs to this genus, is added from Dr. GaAlber*d description. GaiGTic CkMracteritatUtnt. Bc^UiTHfHTS AgflMie. 1^^55. — "At tbo tintu I viudicntvd the propriety of restoriug ■■ %it llw j(vDon «»lalilUb«<l by Uttttaesqae aiuoog Cy priaoid»r 1 did not atwiwct (hut vguuM Vurpiodtt^ iu» I tb«n repr«aent«d it, still coatalucd two diBtinut i.vih>^. though 1 had oobeed lUat «ouie of the ipeciee bad tbo uutorior lUHrKiD of tbeir duriuil ^TeKtly loJftoKMl, wb'dat ill ttlbitrit it bardly rlaea above tbe middle aod poetorior of ibat fin. Qftviig aifice exAinlbiMl tho pharyiigt^alft of nil the epeiMiw of thiH tribe which I havo ftliW Id arrum from dilTnn^pt partft of tbe ounntry, I lind that tbom with a hif;b which coiuiIIIiiCa tbo gcuuit Carpiodra, bnvu, in oildition, very ibiti Ual pbitryu- fsta wtlh «ilr«a)«ly iniiiut« t««tb, wb.bil tboMj with a low Uoreal b»ve tniin^ular l^ijiif—h with larger t<'«tb, iaoreaaiug gradually Id tilz« aod tbicknow, from tbe ^parmarKinof the boouA towards the eympbyHi». The dilTerenco in furm uf Ibeae ^^^NH» ^n»e» from tho cireitnutanoe that tbu alight rid)^ upon the outur surface of the ^^pcfc Id Cmrptode* is Lrattaformed in thin second type into a prominonl edge, dividing ^^^^^^■^^oriocc of tbe arch iutn a jtoaterior iiud unti^'rior jiltiue, utmaiiig nnder an H^HHH^b. Tbi" •titietiirul buinulog^' is sutiHfibotorily trueml by tbu iliQi^rence of the czunal AppcttDftOce of thae two plaae», tbo ]>o»terior oue being fall £m the posterior kati > oot^ir Murfiwfl of the oreh lu Carpiwkv, wbllnt tbu nulerior plane Is mmt^ ■ tutlp*^ (ituddcd with deep pito uiuilogotm to tbe |H>rooN nbnraoter of tts oBterier half of the outer narfoco of that Iwioe in Carpiadf*. Tbo t«!eth theaiHelvea «v cmnprr—f J ; their grinding edge '\» rather blunt, itlighlly miMi^d iu the middle, and fcurkivil with a til lie cuMp along tho inner murgiti. which is bnnlly detached front (bo , aad docs not rli*** above itA sarface, as iu Carpioda, Ichlhyobu* and CycleptttB. tlto hulk <jf the tiody is not pUcud so far forwards on in Car^odat^ bt'iug iHilween brad and tail. The upper outline of tbe body is q^y aKli#«] m advance of the donnl ; ibe head is longer than bigb, and tbo snout nan* pmmlarnt than tb« moutb. Tbe mouth opens obliquely downwards and ir^s the Inwor jaw being nearly as long aa tbe upper. Tlio lips are small Tbe anterior r»y« of tbe dnnsal are not sepanitely prolungtvl bt^yond tbe ilaf IW flko, tfaoQgb its anterior margin i9 higber than its middle uud posterior por- ■L Tfa* Itfurar Qna an aa (ii Cnfyioda. "*nMiar narn>w rmllatiug furrows niM>n the anterior field, nnno nf^ro ) A ti{H)u tbe p(>sttirior tb>l(lfl, converging to the ceutru of radi ^pastlalirf. 204 CONTRIBCTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOy UI. tion, to vhi«b tbA (nbea of the Utmul lino extend aIao. For this new geciu I pro| tbo niiiiiv or JiubitlU'hthyti, ioteudiug to r«c«l1 tho naajc* of BtiJTitlo flab, comraouljr ttppltcd lu tbitt B]>Qcies. To this genns belotii^ the HpooitNi 1 huvo (luttcribtrd od Carpiode^ urun from tho TeanflMoe Rlr«r, C.laarus Troui Mobile Uivcr, antl C tHtulus from tb« Wubiiwh. mid a\»n tbo CatontomuB nigrr uf Ribfinrmiae and CatMtomug bubaliu of Dr. Kil Inud frum ibo Ohio, but uot C. hubattm RalioutKiue, wliicb ia tbo type uf Ibr ^euiin /c Ik^btia de«onbvid in the folluwit)}; paiagmpb. I bavu another new apecioH from Osftgo RivtT, sout iiie by Mr. CJworge Stullwy- This ttbows tbi« typo to Ih> wtil«ly JI tribu(«d iu uur wet^tcru waters, but thus £ar it bus uot b(.-eu fuuud in the Atlaol statM. I have soma doabts roqwoting tbo nomoocUtnre of tbeso Hpecios which are rather ilIIHcult to Holve. It will be seoD upoo reference to Raflaesque's lohthyologia ObieiisiH, p. fiT) and 5G, that bo nientiomt two species of bis aubgonuit IckthyobMf one of which he calls C. bubatuSf and the other C. niger; the secoud be bna not aeen liTmtelf, but d(!wcr>b«yi it on tho authority of Mr. Audulmn as 'entii^ly similar tt* the ot>iiii buiralo fittb/ hiB C. bubutu», but * larger, weighing upwanbs of fifty* pounds.* Dr. Kti luDil, on lb« other b»od, describee the C.bubalu» as the largest siiocitM funnd in westf^rn waters, and adds that tho yonng is nearly elliptical In Its uatline and fa sold in the market as a distinct species ouder the name of UafTiilo Perch. If tbe.o' only one species of Buffulo iu those wutei-e the case woold be very simple, and the C* t<f»tomMM bubttltin and nifftr of RaHnttsqnr, and C. hubaluji of Dr. Kittland, should simpl] be oonaiden^d an synonymous, bnt Dr. Ranch of IlnHlngton hits sent me fine Hpocii of tbifi nnfT.ilu Pnrcb, to which Ih** reiunrk of Dr. Kirllnnd, ' (elliptical io its untl{n< perfectly upptles, .lud I find that it not only differs spec iO cully but even generic from tbe broader, high bucked, common Uaffalo, and being thit smaller si>ecte«, I it to be Jiatinesqiio'u C. bubaluD, the type of bi» gcnnn Ichthyobnn, which is more fhl chariict trtscd below, whilst tbe larger species, RjLflnesqoe's ('. ntytr, caa be no ol than Dr. Kirtland's C. bubaUtt, *tbo largest ■[>ooie« of the weslem waters.* It theiefore biiriily avoidable to rrtniri the name of C. iiij;t'ror rather liyhalirhthjft ni for tho common battulu, though KuUneeque, who tirat named the ti«h, !teTt:r saw It, If he saw it mhitook It for bin own bubalus, and though Dr. Kirtlond. who dtiwribea nnd fi^nres it, names it C frii2i(i/iiir, for suob Is the natural rrsult to whirh hiHtoty ol the nuccessive steps in our mrestigntion of these fishes Ituul. Hnt our dLlfli culiiee hero are not yet at an end. Among the splendid collections I received frum Dr. Ruucb, I found two perfectly rtistiuot species of liahalichttij/e^ one with a lor^ monil and the other with a Amall mouth, nnd one of Ichthyobus, living together in tliu Min ftippl River, io tbe neighborhood of Bnrlington, Iowa; and the next question, probi biy nover to bo solved, will be, if they all three occur also in tbe Ohio, whether Rat nehi|ne's C. nujtr was tbe big monthtid or tbo t<mall nxxithwl limthtlichthtf'i. Judgli from the figure given by Dr. Kirtland in the Boston Junrtml of Natural History, vuL pi. fig. '2. 1 believe his C. bubalag to be tbe small mouthed iri>ociQs. 1 mysidf have, ho* ever, Hiien only one specimen of the big muntlied apeciee from (hn Ohio, aiHt thai rather nn indilTerent ^tuf^i of pawervation; forwhicfalaui indeblnl to iV'f. ttaiird.ao none of the small mouthed species. Should, however, all three, as is (towiblc, occur tbe Ohio OS well as the Mississippi, to avoid Intmdncing new namea, I wUl call big mouthed species It. nlfftr, prii*erTlag for it Raflnesqiie*9 spoolflo namo,-~th« OESUS BDBALICnTHYS. 205 K r, rotaining for it tba oanie vhieh Dr. Rirtland has given it, oven ;»f IchlSyobtu must Iwar tbr .sirae Bpccifie nnme, being ibftt origin- apflifd by RafiDesqac. It may he tbat either m^* It, rituln* nr my If. nrua it* idea- lib Or. Kiftlanil*« C hnbaluA, bat nntil I con obtain orl|;inu) n]»eGliii«DH of thin ( niiwl rooinin untU^ridtHl, as it in iinposaiblp for niAre dcsoriiitiona to ilcntly minute cuinporisou. Tbu np<^<.'.imeIl8 from Ohako R'ver I eball "CtNopand witb one nnotbvr, ihta^ apf^citui difi'ur as follows: B. iii^r, (tbo big- ■TilthH Baflalo) ilifTont from B. tminihi^ (tbu ^aiiill -moutbcU BuUalu) b> ita larger ■flath, flfwftlxm more forwards; Ita more elongated body, tbe fint rays of tbe dorsal miftf taBoedlat4.dy above tbn bofle of tho vcntrols. and iu anterior lobe bein^ broader, aaA llie anal fiu uul einarKinnti'd; Ji. bonaaua diifers from B. buhaliti and from li. niger m baling Uh mcratb larger tban Ibo first and Btuullvr tbnn tbo neoond, and from B, kwkmlmw by tta Icm ciuorginated dorsal, wbich renders its birg(.T lobe bromter, anal fin Ml eoarytnaleil, ofirrcli* larger. A fiirtb«r cmiipsrittou with tbe Soutbum apceicd could fit )ieutia£aclory,i( acoompanied by nconrate fignres.'*— (AoASSiz, ^m. jQurn.Sc Art»j SCLUtoastjiTlICB OUDtber, 1808.—" Senlea of moderate or ratber large ^izo. Lateral liDv msoing along Itir middle of tlio tail. Dorsal Gn nmcb elongate, witb iilmnt 30 or aac« laya. naoe of vrbiobore Hpinoos. Anal ftn ebort. Muutb nmall, inferior (/luba ll*4il|«) or ftublemitnal \.^lcro*;natkui), witb the lips more or less (hiekened. Barbels MB*. GiU'ntkrm Uuig.stifl' in tbu upper two-tbirdti of tbe first brancbial arrb, modi- M Into low mriiibra&arooad tnuisvcrMj folds in tbe lower third. Prieudobriiucbiu!. Fb*ryvfeal bouMsickle-sliapud, armed with a eomb-Uko series of UDmerons,con)pi , Inetv34tiig In sii© dowuwards."— (Ot^NTUKR, Cat. F'xghrn UriL itu». vii, '2*2, IPCH.) BcBAUCIirnvs Cope &. Jordan, 1877.—" Botly oblong oval, compretuMMl ; duraal elon- atevatvd in fmntr of SO or more rays ; fontanelle present ; pbaiyngeal booes tfTK.. ii cniiiparattvely coarse and large, inereosingiu aize downwards ; uioatb mim ..riAN, froa, Jo. .Vat. N;. Phila. 1977, p. 82.) A>*ALT81S OP SFKCrBd OV DCfUAUCriTWYS. *Bsd) efrDt^dsrably ulevated and compruMed al>ove; tbe dorsal region snltcoriuate ; Mly thicker; depth 2^ to t2} in length ; axis of iMxly above the veutruU beloi Uie lateral line and nearly twice as fur from tbe bock as from the belly : head triaugnUr in outline when viewed from tbo ^ide^ 4 in length: eye equal to snoot, 4 to 5 m length of head, niiicb larger than in //. »t-HM : Ukoiith quite 1, Dolably stimller and more iufttrior than in H. tirwi: mandible alwut equal l0«|«; dorMl fiu elevated in front and rapidly declined, the highest ray reach- lug mnrh beyond the middle of tbe tin, tbe seventh ray about half Itie length of llMllilrd nr longest; anul luys rapidly shurtuiied bcOiInd, the middle rays much riiorUf than tbe Qrvl lung ones: scales t<-39-(>; dorsal, 29; anal, ll>; ventrala, 10: fwb-t 'T, the lower tins slightly dusky nCMAU's.&O, Ik^jeanicfa 1 > t-d and lens oontpressed than in the preoe<ling, the back not at all artaatod; axlaof body above ventraln about at the lateral liDo, and bnt very lit- U» fariber from tlmdurB.-iI outliin* tliun fnimtbe vptitral ; depth 11 to ^ in length: very stoat-, strongly transversely convex, Lhiuker, larger, and lees poiuted 206 coNTRrnnTiova to xorth American ichtuyoloot — m. than in tbe next, aboot 4 in length : eyo about eqnol to snoatt M '" bctnl, moot smaller than in B. hiibatuit : toonth \&rgo, conH)f]erab1y Dbli<itie, opening well fb ^TiLTtlii : mandible loDj^r tbau «jc : (loraal fin lower and low rnpidlj Uepi tban in the next, tbe longest ray Hcarcoly half tbe length of tbe baae of tbe fin; anul fin rutititlMl, iti* ruys not rapidly Hhortbiied, tbe middle ones not mncb eboi tban Che loii};uat: colore very dark; tins all block: sealcN 6M1-7 ; denial, 30^ anal, 10 mr«, 51 ••• Month small, ioforior, d1i};btly corrU(;at4Ml ; depth 3^ to SJ in lengtli \ bead 4 to 4^^ not much lunger tbuu high : cyo rather Bmall, unc-Hfth of l1h« leii^h of Ibi* hi and I that of the anont: aaborhiralfl narrow. Anterior raya not much prodn< aborler tban tbe bead; candal forked. Origin of veutral vertically bulow tb«< fourth dornal ruy. Pectoral fin not extending to vontrala. There are Ave longitudiiinl sertea of scaled botweon tbe lut«ral lino and rbo root of tho vtinmU. Coloration uniform. Scale* 7-38-7 ; dorsdl 29; amd 10 mkridionaUS,] 60. BnBALICnTHYS BUBALUS AffOMBiz. Dngalo-fith. Small-mouthfii Buffalo. Uigk-hccktd Jinffaio, 183S — C-fttn9lomu9 bubttlm KiirrLANU, Ropt. Z»ul. Ohio, IGS. (Not of RafinoaqnB.I Catogtomiu bubalut Kirtlanu, Uustoii Junru. Nat. Hist, v, '2iM*, 1845. Calo*tomu$ hubafua Storer, SynoiMis, 4^4. 1646. Buhalichthtfii bubalus Agarsiz. Ant. Joiint. Sc. Arts. 2d Bcritw, xlx, 195, 1856. [iafmiit'Mthytt tuilMilfH JoBOAVt Fitibett of Ind.,22*2, li^fi. Bnhalichlhtf9 btibaiut Jordan & Copeland, Check Liat. l&S, 1876. Btibaltchth^n bttHalua Jokoan. ProR. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pbiln.74, 1^^. BubtOiehthya bubalns JouiMN &, GlLUKitr, in Klippart's Kept. 53, 1877. IS&i—f f Carpicdes laurtt* Aoassiz, Am. Jonrn. SuL Arta, 353. {Not identifiable.) f f liHhaVichthtjn taurtin Aoasaik, Am..lnnrn. ftr. Arta, 3d HeHeft. xix, 193, 1^5. ff BtihalichUtHK toxtti* Joiidan & Coit.laxd. Check Lint, IL\ 1876. 1834— ff Carpiotlca rilvliu AOASfiiz, Am. Jouru. Sol. Arta,:)5G. (Not IdontiB.bln.) tf Bubalichthtf» nVji/uA Agasaiz, Ani. .Touru. 8c. ArtA, 2d <teric<i, xix, 1113, it^&o, ff Bubalichtkt/n rilMlu9 Joitli.vN & CoprLAJO), Cht'ck List, U>H, I*;C6. f f Babnlicliih^H ritalHB JuiiUAN' A Gilukkt, In Klippart'a Kept. &:t, 1876. leCS— 5e/t'iw^HnMM» nru» GO.ntiikr, Cat, Finbea Drir. Mn». vii, 2-3. 187G— ictAyobu* cya»€llu4 Nklson, Hull. No. 1, Ills. Muh. Nnr. Hiat 49. Jcthyobut cyanvUm Jordan & C(H'F.i.ANr», Check Lint, IM, IH70, Irthyobax vyaneltua Jordan, Proc. Ap. Xttt. Sc. Phila. 73, 1877. lothyobus cyanttluB Jordan & Oilukbt, in mippart'e Ropt, 63, 1876. Jckiktfobu» i^yauetlug Jordan, Man. Vert. cd.Sd, 323, 1H78, 1977— Bubniirhlhyit nltttM NKf^oN, M88. BubalicbltKyn ultwi JOhDAN. Proc. Ac Nat. 8c. PliiU. 73, 1877. BubaUchlhy* altH* Jordan, Muii. Vert. c<l.^d, 324, l^H. l&n—BitbtiUcii.hytf bubatinuM Jordan, Bull. T. H. Nat. Una. Ix, hO. BttbaUcJilhya b.tbalinya JordaM, Man. Vert.ed.Sd,3l2&f lB7a HaBITAT.— MtuiMippi Valley ; abundant iu oil tbe htrgor ■trenme. BUBALICJITHYS BUBALU8. 207 'nii« w probrthly th© most ^enorrtllj' distributed of the variouB Rpecies kmiwn popularly na niitl'uto-llBh. The qnention as to its proper nomoD- ebtofv ta eveu more compliciiteU llinn that of the next s[>ocies. It tJmt this is the Inn^ buJmfus of l{uQnesqii<^, as supjtosed be Dr. Bat aa that species was the type of the genus Tdiobus^ the tioo of Hafliiesque^s 8i>ecies with the present one woiihl lead rgfs« in non»enclat«re far from desirable. The name Jchtlnjob^ts tboD belong to BuhaJichthyH and the genus ItMiyohmt would ^e a nevr name. As thiti can never bo proven, it is best to e-onsider Ajpi«i}z'AidentJ(lcatioD as correct and that of Dr. Kirtland wrong. The tat mention of this species was that of Dr. Kirtlnnd a.s CatondtmnH hu- fiM. The name buMtiSj however, was given throngh an I'lroiieons ttiAcation, and must be passed over. Next cowe Agussiz'S names ttmruM and fiitulttJt, both possibly belonging herei but just as likely be- loojciog to ums^ Both of them, from the ex:isperatiug insnflirienry and trance of the descriptions, are practically unideiittHable. Ni'Xt is fs'a buhatuHf notie^Hl below. The next name in order is that of ctfanrlltun Kelson« which was based on this species, as I havo lined by examination of his type. This is the first tenable uame ^drrteia/f belonging to this species, unless wi^ adopt the name buhaluH. Sen corned Nelson's altuji, A specimen answering Nelson's description ti an respects, and as evidently belonging to the species now under itioo, Is at present before me. It is a fine adnU example, ily comeH my own htifHiUntt«, intended merely as a siibstitnto for the ^tihalH9^t not then c-ousidered tenable as the sj>ecilhr name of lU species, having been given to it originally by an error in identitica- Tbe adoption of the name huhaUiH by Agnssiz after the knowledge of ibU error may, however, be eonf^idered as a proposal of a new name. ?W original descriptions of iaiiruft^vitttluMj cyane'luK^ and nltuH are here [kuhjaioed. CarpiodtM tntiruM Agsi«six, Am. Jtmrn. Scl. Arts, 185o, p. 355. — '■*■ From River, Alabama. The form of the body is intermediiite Ix^tween nf C, Cjfpn'nun and V. t'nw. The gill-cover has the siime form as l» C. UruM, but It Is larger and more strongly arche4l behintl. The hind *>rviiiof ihe scales is waving, owing to a somewhat prominent mid ^Mftltt. The anterior rays of the dorsal equal in length two thirds ^UMtof (he base of the flu. Anal not lunate behind. The ventrals ■v-aeh to the anal opening. Caudal uot so deeply furcjite as in 208 CONTRIBUTIOSS TO NOHTH AMEUICAN ICHTHYOLOOV — HI. Cttrpiodeavitulm Agtutsiz, Am. Jonrn. Sc Arts, 1865, p. 350. — " Frd tbe WnbQsli liiver, ludiana. Tbis soeiiia to bo a smaller species ib tbe preceding ones. Tbe form of tbo body resembU^^ tbat of C Tnuru but tbe eye« arc smaller j tbe opercle is more broadly rounded bi^biD' tbe Rubopercle bus its poHterior aud free border regularly arcbed ivbiv and below, aud uot emargiaate as iii C Taurtw. Tbe direction of uumeroua wuter-tubea on tbe bead and cbeeks also dififer. The upp and lower border of tbe scaler are nearly atniigbt. Tbe dorsal does extend quite so far forward. I am indebted to Col. Uicbard Owea New Harmony for tbis species." Ivhthyohun cyancUuH Nelson, Bull. Ills. Mus, Xnt. Tlist. i, 1877, p. 49. ** Blae Ifiitfdlo. A number of specimens of tbis species arc in tbe sti collection, from tbe Illinois river, and iu Prof. Jordan's collection, Ui tbe Mississippi at tit. Louis. Tbe following is tbe description, tttk from several specimens, measuring from 8 to OJ Incbe-jt in lengtb : — '' liead about 3^ in lengtb. Deptb 2^ to 5-ti. Kye ^ to r>j in be Dorsal I, 30. Anal 1, 8. Ventnds 10. Lat. 1. 38. Longitudinal 7-5 to 7-0. Body compressed, bigb. Anteriorly broad, compm bebind. Longest ray reacbiug 18Mi ray. Pectorals sborter tbau v trals, botb sborter tban bead. Aual scarcely reacbiug caudal ; bi vury sbort, bigb and tbick ; its tbickness '^ lengtb, deptb 1{ in leug Moutb quite small, oblique, and overlapped by a sligbtly projecti BDOUt. Mandible sbot-t, 4 in bead. 0|>erele becoming wrinkled ir age. Bead small, sbortand tbick ; muzzle obtuse, eouie, not twie^ t lengtb of eye. Anterior ray of dorsal, in type from Illinoii^ riu sligbtly nearer snout tbau base of caudal. In specimens from Louis the dorsal is about equidistant. Color a1)ove, light steel blue adults, bect>ming ligbter below. Young lighter with distinct atri| along tbe rows of scales. Although tbe speries is descrilwd from cimens but nine inches loug, wbea full grown it undoubtedly wauA similar dimensions to its congeners." BuMk'htht/H altutf Nelson, MSS.; Proc. Acid, Nat. So. Pbila. la 74. — " Tbis specimen is very deep and much compressed. Xbe bac much arcbed and tbe profllo desceu<!s steeply in front to end oT ai not forming an angle with it as in many species of Ichthyobui, »* Depth ttf body, 2J in lengtb; head, 4 in leuKtb; greatest thlokn of biHly, IJ in lengtb of beiid^ depth of bead, 1} in it.s lenglli; wiil IJ Iu lengtb. Eye, 5} in bead, 2} in iuterorbital space, which little rounded. BUBaLICHTIIVS IfRUa. 20y lino perfectly strai^rlit from npper edf^e of opercle to caudal. oSealw, 8-33-^. Dormi 1. 25 ; A. 1. 9. **Ci>lor in «ptrit», <lull yellowistj olive; Hun dtisky. "TypCMfWTiiiKMj V2 inches loiit^, in WU. State Museum, from Cairo, ;ilHjioi>.'' 61. BUUALICUTIIYS URUS Agasaiz. Biff-moutlud Bvffalti. Blaeh Buffait*. 2fongnl Unffalo. •9f JmhtodoH nlffer Rafikesqib, Jonnial dn Pliyeiqov Fbila. 421. (Eotiroly an- ft CaXattMnu* Higer RAriNKftQTm, Icltth. Oh. SC, 1930. (Unrfoofrnizablo ; more Uk»!y VfcteptnM ehfiffatut,) ^mhalickthft niffer AOAdSlz, Am. Jouni.Sc. Arta.Sd iteriea, xix, 195, 16&5. itahaUchtkg* mgrr Jouvax^ KiaheH of luil. 22'^, IcjTo. Jtmhiitifhihg* nigrr JoRpAN, DnII. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Hist, 95, ie7& BvMichthyt ulf/er JoRTMN', Man. Vvrt. '29S, 1876. iul»at.rj,it,>f0 nitjrr Nm^ox, Bull. No. I, UK Mop. Nat, Hiet.50, IWO. ji nifjer JohimN & CorKLANU. Check List, 155, 1876. J - .'<;/« uigtr JoRiMN, Pfoc. Ac. Nat, Sp. Phila. 75. 1W7, ButflioiitSjfii niffer JoHDAS A GtutKltT. in Klippart'R Rept. 53, 1876. i :/» miger Jokdan, Cnll. V. 8. Nnt. Mqh. ix, 34, 1^7. i- . .-. yj i(t(^«r JotiDAS.Mau. Vurt.«I.2J,32:i •Cmrpiodew itnu AOA«SIZ, Aiu. Jouro. 6c. Arte, 355. "/• nriu AOABMiz. Am. Jonm. 8r. ArU.*24l ftorles.xix, 193, 1855. ..•/• wni* PcTSAM, Bull. Muu, Conip. Zool. Ifl, isai. Bmbniirkthp, iirva JORDAN, Flsfaea of lad. 332, 1875. Antefichtikf* vrM JoROAM ^ CorRZ.ANi>, Check List, 158, 187& 'JUiMichtkjfM lMna»y$ AaA»4iz, Aiu.Juui-d.Sc. Artfl,24l flotitw.xix, 195. /tnMfirMA^ ^ofta«tt* Jordan A. Coprmnd, Check Liafc, 15d, lti76, , TAT.— Hinaiauppi Valley, ia the larger strooms. lb U an abunUant a|>ecies in the Misaisfiippi and ita larger tribata- It i> very Ui-stiiKit from the preeediog, almost intermediate between "htkyn huhalwt mid Ivhthyolnin hubnlus. It may indeed be necessary (• anite ibeiie two genera on account of this species. TtM* (jneittion of tho name which should be l>ome by this species is a lit one. Inasnmch as Rafincsqnu's C. nigcr was known to him \fX\\ the accotiuts of Mr. Audtilmtif a grntleman known to have |lit3it«I afircml praciioul jokes on the too crcdnlous naturalist, and to kw les«l bloi thereby to describe and name several im()03sib1e animals, to real description whatever is given by Uafinenque, Ibo name mgvr can be used only on the authority of Iz, and ao( ou that of UatlneBquo. That being the case, tho name Ban. N. M. No. lU— 14 210 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOOY — IH. uriM of Agassiz, which noqaestionably belongs to tbia species, baa year's priority over niger, and is really the first tenable name applied ti any species of UnhaJichthyt. Theori^nal nccoant given by R;ifine,M|tie bis CatOHtomua niger und that by Professor Agassiz of bis BubaUchthx UTMS I here appeud. Agussiz's descriptions of iJ. niger and B. bom have been previonsly given under the head of the genus. CaiostomuH (Ict\oh\t«) niger Raf, Ich. Oh. p. 56. — "Entirely black; \bX eral line straight; 1 have not seen this flitb. Mr. Audubon desenbea as a peculiar species found in the Mississippi and the lower part of th( Ohio, being entirely similar to the common Buffalo fish, but lar| weighing upwards of fifty poundsj and living in separate schoola." Carpioda unu Agassiz, Am. Jouni. 8ci. Arts, 1854. p. 355. — •* Fpoi the Tennessee River. It grows very large, weighing occasionally froi 30 to 40 pounds. The body in this species is not so high as in C. cppi nujij nor is it so compressed above; the st-ales are also not so high, but more angular behind, and the anterior portion of the dorsal is not so elongated. The gill-cover is larger, and the distance from the hiud bor- der of the eye to the inferior angle of the snbopercle near the b«se of the pectorals and the distance from the same point to the superior an^l posterior angle of the oi>ercle, are nearly equal. In C. Cffprinita the di«- , tunces differ by nearly one third. The suboporcle is not triangular, bat^ its hind border is nearly regularly arched from the up|>er angle to thi posterior angle of the interopercle. The anal has its posterior uiargli full and not lunate ; the caudal is not so deeply furcate as in C. cyprim The ventrals do not reach the anal. All (Ins are of a dark color. I ai indebted to Dr. Newman for this species." I fonnd no specimens of Bubaliohthyg wrus in the collections of tbe United tiiatos National Museum. I 52. BUBALICHTHYS MERIDIONALI3 {Quniker) Jordan, CfNiraf American Buffalo. :l«rognatkua meridionali* GUNrueit, Tnuin. ZcmI. Soo. p. — . SelercffruHkuM mrridwnnliji GlNTllKS, Cut. Fishes BriL Mua. Tii, St3, 186& HA.BrrAT. — Rio tTenmociaU, Ouatetnula. I know nothing of this species except from GUntherM desoriptii From its remote locality, it is probably distiuct, bat tbe 4le«rrip( shows no eitpecinl difference from B. bnbotv^, unless it bo that body is slenderer. The following is Dr. Giiutber'* acooant; — M B. 29^0. A. 10 ; lat. 1. 38, L transv. 7^7^. Month stnaU, inferii OENOS ICHTHYOnUS. 211 •lightly c*>rrag:att*d. The height of the body is cotitaitied thrico nnd noi» third or thrire ftud onefoarth in the total length (without ciiiulul), 1'*njsth of thu heud foar times or four times nnd a half; hend not longer than high. Eye rather small, one fifth nf the length of the and two thirds of that of the snout; suborbitals narrow. The or dorsul rnyn are not mnch produced, bein^ nhorter than tbo Caodnl fln forkwl. The origin of the ventral fin is vertically the fourth dorhal ray. Pectoral fin not extending to the ventral. 1W»» »re five longituUiual series of scales between the lateral line and tW root of the ventral. Coloration aniforro. Pharyngeal teeth very lerooR and small, increasing somewhat in size downwards. "Rio UsninaciDta (Gatitemala)." Genu8 ICHTHYOBUS Rixfinesque, lUnnicsii^iiK, Journal de PbyHiqiics tie Cliymie ot d'llistoiro Nitturelle, Paris, «ttJ«(lU. (Part.) friWiM BAriMKstgru, Idi. Oh. \'*2<i, p. :>:>. (An flub|i;eaas of CatMUm^ta.) «• Ao4&AiZf Am. Juiirn. S«'i. ArtN, l^rk'i, p. 193. AmlUtdon^ubaUa Hannc«(|a>'. ElynUjDf . (|my> feJt ; /3otf. bull or biidfalo; i. f., bafl'iUo-flsh. Ucad very large and strong, wide nnd deep, its length 3J to 3J in that (he body, ita upper surface broad and depressed ; eye moderate, 'liolly anterior in position, the middle of the head being entirely behind MborbiUil tmncM pniportionately narrow; foutanelle large, well open; If Hppar;itn» largely deveIoi>ed, the subopercnlum broad, the ilom broad, strongly furrowed. Moath very large for a Sucker, terminal, protractile forwards, the liiMle of the premaxillarieH rather above the line of the middle of the re, the pu«(terior eilge of the maxillary extending about to the line of itrila; mandible very strong, ublique, placed at an angle of. 45 or more when the mouth is closed, its posterior end exteudiug bfjond oppoflifo the front of the eye, ita length a little less than one- iln! that of Che bead. Lips very little developed, the upper narrow '■rely nppreciabhs the lower narrow, rather full on the It '! to a narrow rira in front, entirely destitute both of fapilhr and plicse; jaws without cartilaginous sheath; muciferons sys- te«i of bead well developed ; isthmus narrow ; pharyngeal bones in form klfnne<)late between thoAe of darpiothti and those of Bubalichtftys, the 't mrlkoo of the arch stuudiug outwards, and presenting a porous 212 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NO&TH AMERICAN ICnTHTOLOOY III. fieT outer luargiu. The [)eduDcle of the aympliyBta is much longer propo tioually, uud more pointed than in Garpiodes and Buhaiichihyii, Th teeth are very numeroas, Hmiill, thin and compreKsod in Carpiodes^ bat the lonrer ones are gradually larger than the upper onea. Their inner edge is Blaming outwards, and not uniformly arched ns in Unhalichtkyt^ or trnncateaa in Cycleptu^^ the innermost margin rising sotnuwhat iu t shape of a projecting cusp. Gill-rakers of anterior arch long and sic above, bt^coming shorter downwards. Body beai'y, robust, not especially arched above nor greatly pressed, the form somewhat ellipticul, the depth 2^ to 3} in the leag of tho body. Scales large, thick, nearly equal over the body^ their posterior ed somewhat serrate, the lateral line well develoi>ed, but not as distinct in Carpiodcsj slightly decurred anteriorly, the number of scales in itn course 30 to 42; 13 to 13 iu a transverse scries from dorsal to ventral Dorsal fin with an elongate basts, its number of rays 25 to 3U, th^ anterior rays somewhat elevated, their length about half that of the base of the fin; caudal not mnch forked; anal fin uot much eleva' its rays about 0 in number; pectorals and ventrals moderate^ the latter with about 10 rays. 8exuul [peculiarities, if any, unknown. Coloration dork, uot eilvery above dusky olive; lower fins more or less black. Air-bladder with two chambers. Size very large. The claim of this group to generic rank has been questioned by Pro-, fessor Oope and others. The differences in the pharyngeal teeth perhaps hardly sufUcient to distinguish it from CarpiodeSj but at preseo lam inclined to think that the great development of the mandibi which forms a large aud terminal mouth, amply sufilcient for generi distinction. The rclatious of the group to BubaliehthyH are doubcl in reality, closer. Ichthyohw bears much the same relation to Buiya UchthpH that Chmmutes does to CatottomuH^ aud, so far as tbe mouth concerned, but in a greater degree, that Erimyzon bears to MtHytr, aud Placopharyttjc to Myxontnma, The head of Ichthyohm is much targei and stonter, and the whole body more robust and leas compressed tluiii \\\ Carpiodei, I know from autopsy but a single species of lehthtfnbuM, X has, however, been described uuder several ilifTcrcnt names. Bo fi is known, the genus is coufined to the valley of the Mississippi, o species having been recomled from the Great Lakes, or (torn any k Eg GENrS ICIITHYOBUS. 213 rut flf tbe AtlogbitnieH. No members of the anborilers OyclfptiruB nnd B9halithtkffin<e are knovrti from the Uuited StHtea west of tho battiu of Rio Gninile. was first deacribfil urxler the Oiime of Amllodon* of lUfiuesque, 1451D, is bused on tbe same bpecies m bis letiobuM of 1820. The uame ^m/f/orion, however, was given in Alluion to tbe pharyngeal teeth of HapUndonotHB grunnietis^ popularly wppo^etl to be tbe teeth of the Buflalo ti»h, the presence of which teeth. vassoppoeed t4j(]iHtiiigui8h Amblotlon from Catostomu^. This error waS' iOervanls discovered by Katioesquc, aud tbe name Amblodon trana- iHTvd to the S(M;enoid ti»h. As AtModon of RaStiesque incladed the pnaetit genera Maploidtmotuti nud Ivhthyobujtj erroniously confounded, oa tbe diacovery of tliis error its author restricted tbe name la TtpMdvnohuif I think that we are jostified in retuiuin^ Ichthyobtat of Amblodon for tbe genus of CatOAtomoids. Generic Chaructrriiatitmt. ijaitov*-*^ Rsfinosqac, 1@1M.— '* 16. A»uixti>ON. {Abdominal.) Diff^reot da gem Macboirc iDf<$rieare pfiv^u ilv deou osseaHC's scrr^fMt nrrondiea, & coaroDne ~heA puUBOUH do c« geure, qui aboudent duuB I'Obio, lo MiwoDri et lo IfMlMtvi'l. ft*>ni i\'mUTH*a6vB jiar li^ noni vulgniru de UuHaloe-Kuh (Poiason boofOe)] M Im Knujpou de U Looiaiiuie lee nutniueDt Picouoau. II y un ft pliiBiours «0p6c«» (|dI fVTWDOfiDt •oavent a udo til's gr()66e tftiile. l«i dcoxsoivanU babitoot daua TObio, ^B> J. fii&a/M. Bran olivdtre jiftle deaaoua, Jodm blauob&trea. D. Sd, A. 12, P. 16, A. 9,j ^^^^L h'J. migrr uit eDlibrvuiciDt 000*; tons d«nx oot la liguu laldrale droite, queae ^^^^■ifUlc txooqo^ fetto. lis Mtit trlM-boDB iV tnanger." — (UAyiMKSQUB, Journal de knoecri Kafluecqao, ISSM). — " Body oeorlj cylindrieal. Dorsal ftn «loDgnt«d, abdoiu- tul Ao* wlib nino rayB, toil bilobed, oomtnooly equal." — (RjLnxESQDB, Ichtkgologia Icsthtohjs Aguslx, ]S55, — "Id the form aod poailion of the flaa, as well as in tbe pmtnl ovlliae of ihe body, tbU genus is very nearly relate<] to liubatichtk^t but in tbe tftMCaKeof the partu of thu bead, it is quite ditwimilar. Tbo month opeoa directly fciWftiJa,— J ia lvB« and round. Tbe lipe are floiall, smooth aud thin ; tho npt>cr ou« M W0k thicker than Iho iDt^nomxillary itself, and tapers to a nairow edge. At the Ifapbysis of tbe lower Jaw, which Is larger than in any other geuus of this group, tbo Up U baldly aioro> than a thin membraue cunucoiiug its Muall lateral lobea. "Ha •y* la acBall, and the opvrcalar pieces very large. **TW aealis bavi? maiiy narrow ratliating farTOws upon tbe anterior field; none tbv tattfal Aiddn, fow upon th» lOArgiu of the poHterior field aod these not ex- to tbn ovnlnn of nullation. Tithes of tho lateral Hue straight and simple, ■osfly In tb« middle of (he posterior field. *fWiy«ie«al l«ou«e am neither tint «s in Carpiodet nor triangular ae iu Bu^aiicktkj/tt 214 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — ni. bat proeent an intemiediate form ; the onter taiilace of the aiob standing outwards and presenting a porons outer margin. The peduncle of the Bympbysiaia much longer proportionally and more pointed than in Carpiodea and Btibali6htkg», The teeth are Tory Duraeroas, smallf thin and compressed as in CarpiodeSf but the lower onea an gradnally larger than the npper ones. Their inner edge is slanting ontwaids, and not nniformly arohed as in BmbalUilUhj/$ or tmncate as In Cyo2ep<««, the innermost margin rising somewhat in the shape of a pxctjecting cnsp.''— (Aojiflsiz, Awt, JoHm. So. Afi$, 1855, p. 196.) IcnTHYOBUs Cope & Jordan, 1677.—" Body oblong oval, oompreased ; dorsal elevatad in front, of 30 or more rays ; fontanelle present; pharyngeal bones narrow, with the teeth relatively thin and weak; month large, sabterminal, protractile forwarda." — (JOBDAN, Proo. Ao. Nat. So. Pkila. 1877, p. 82.) ANALYSIS OF 8PBCIXS OF ICHTUTOBUS. * Body robust, moderately compressed, the outline somewhat elliptical, but the bai^ rather more curved than the belly ; depth 2^ to 3^ in length : head very large and thiols, 3^ in length of body : opercniar apparatus very strong, the opercnlam itatdf forming nearly half the length of the head : scales veiy large : developed rays of the dorsal 27 to 29; anal rays 9; ventrals 10 : scales 7-37 to 41-6: coloration dott brownish-olive, not silvery ; fins dusky : size very large, reaches a length of neariy three feet and a weight of 20 to 30 pounds bubaluS|S3. 53. lOHTHYOBUS BUBALUS (Rajinesque) Agastiai. Eed-moutk Buffalo Fiak. Large-mouthed Buffalo. 1818 — Jmbhdon bubahia Rafixf.8QUE, Journal de Physique, 421. CatoB^omua bubalun Rafinesquk, Am. Month. Mag. and Grit. Rev. 354» 1818. Cato9tomu8 buhalua Kafines<jCK, Ich. Ob. 55, 1820. Ji'tbyobuii biibaluB Ao.vssiz, Am. Jonru. Sc. Artu, 2d serioa, xix, 196, 1^5. lvtht/obii» buhalH$ JoititAN, Fidbes of Iiid. 222, It;?.'). Ichthaobus bulHiluti JoitDAX, Bull. Btiflalo Soc. Nat. Iliut. 95; 1876. Idhyobiis hiibalHH Jokdan. Man. Vert. 20c?. lr?7G. Icthyobuii bubiiUm Nklson, Bull. No. 1, Ills. Mus. Nat. Hiat. 49, lcf76. IcthyobuH bubaluB Jokdan &. Copkl.isd, Check List , 15i?, 1^6. Ictbtfobuti bubaliiH Ji>RDAN & GiLDEKT, ill KlipimrtV Ri'pt. 53, 1676. lvthy,ibn» bubaliiti JoKi>AX, Troc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Thila. 72, ltf77. hthjobuH hubalttg JoiiUAX, Hull. U. S. Nat. Mu». ix, 34, ld77. Ichthtfobtis bubaluH Jordan, Man. Vert. ed. 2d, 322. lS44—ScUrognathH9 niprinella CrviKit Jk Valf,nciexnes, Hist. Nat. des Poisaons, xvii, 4;7, pi. r>lH. Svhrvgmitkua cyimntlhi ^torkic, S> nopst^, 42^^, ld4G. Ichlhyobaa njpriuiUa Agassiz, Am. .luiim. Sci. Arts, 196, lSi5. Sclerognathua cyprintlla GCnthkr, Cat. Fishc8, Brit. Mns. vii,24, 186& Ichthtfobug cyj'rinclla Ioudan, Man. Vert. VJS, lfl7»i. Ickthyobua cyptinella Jordan & Coprt.vnd, Check List, 158, 187& 185G — Icthj/cbua raticMi Agassiz, Am. Jonm. Sc Arts, 3d series, xiz, 196. ICQTUYOBUS BUBALUa 216 Mf9¥u rmmchU PtnSiM. hall Mob. Corap. ZooL 10, 1863. fi4kjpo*«« rHM4>Mi JijRtiAS A. CopKUhXD, Cheok Lttit. 158, Ih;0. i»i^fokm* ntmckii Jordan A Oilhrrt, in Klipparl'H R«pt.53, 1876. IMkfobuM rttuckii JottUAN. Mun. Vurt. «1. '2*1, '.i2'A, Ir^rH, lA<-JfA|aJhfl0 utattryl AoA^six, Am. Joum. Sc. Artit, 2tl neries, xix. l^. ktifthmm •toiteyi Jokhan A Copbland, Cbfrck List, 15t?, 1876w US^kikftUt faoAyru* NKtw.N, MSS.— JoBi>AN. Proc. Ao, HixL 8c. Pbiln. 72. /i iljjliit jMAifnu JuuuAN Al Ci>ria.AM). Cb(x:k List, 158, 1876. /rCAyw^Af iacMgruM Jokuak & UiutRirr, iu JCti|}part*8 Kept. 5:i, 187G. ItktM^iu itckjfrm Joiu>an, Man. Vort. ed. 2d, 323, 187H. BauTaT,— Ubauaippi Valluy ; f^nerally abniidunt in tba larger streunH. An tajunination of a Uirge serieH of wide-monibed Bnffalo fishes the Obk), Waba.sh, Illinois, and MisHissijipi Rivers has (sonvincpd tnir>* to my previouj^ impresKioos, tbat all belong to a single It ia Dot absolutt^l^' ct^rtaiii whHt K^flneHqiie^n Catostomutt Wi««. It iM perhaps ao likely to have been a specien of B\tba ifirtf*^ M Mppoaed by Dr. KirtliittU, na an Tckthifohus. 1 bowever Utov Profetijior A^assiz in idoDtifying it with tho pre^nc species, v^kL iiiyaC tbo FatU uf IbeObio, wbere RaUueHque^H collectioDH were fmAtbf probably the most aUuiidunt of the Buffalo-fittbeB. Neither RaAni-Mjatf nor I'rofo^fwr Agneitiz has, however, recognizably desoribed tW »pecie7&. In ojy Mamiat of Vertebrates, in X870, I gave a short Kcoaot of Tchtht/itffUM ^M6a/M«, drawn from two large specimens takeu iu obnah River at Lafayette. nesi4le8 these, I have numerous smaller mena, obtained iu the Missi.ssippi at Saint Louis. As these iliQered li the greater comprussiou of the body aud higher fins, I have identi- tbem oa belonging to Ichthifobits tauchii Agassiz, an ideutiflcation hMli I NtiU think eorre<;c Iu 1877, iMr. Nelson described an IchthyobuH mhfruM, from Mackinaw Creek, a tributary of the lUiuois River, uear Peoria. Uis typicuil 8iHH!imen was very stout and deep, and at the time I ttlMKbt with him that it was probably distinct from I.bubalus. Lately 1 ^ IWF*tN?<?Meuabl<Hi tor<>-cxaminoihetypeofi. fAcA^rasiutbeStateMusentii ^Bf lltiaota, anil to compare it with a numerous series from the samO' ^Bbnlity. f foand it possible to establish an unbroken series among ^RIMb. connecting the nominal species which 1 bud termed buhalun^ fUscAii, and UchyruH^ the difl'erences separating them being, in my opiu- diH» either to dtfferenv«s of age or to individual peculiarities. As II of any importance has been ]»ublished of /. ntolletfiy I >k hyn<»nym of /. bubalus. I know nothing whatever con- iL Iciitktftfbtu Gt/ancfluM Nelson, us below stated, is a species of 216 CONTRIBTITIONS TO NORTH AMERlCA|r ICHTHYOLOGY UL u b« Jl IS v^t oodM •a B Bubalichtkys, The deacription of Scleroftnathus eyprinella ValeucioDD rofers priDcipnlly to the peuerio features of these Qshes. It agrees fuU with /. bubalusy except in the number of scales above the lateral liue, .1 (liil'erenco doubtless duo to a differeuce in the place or the mauuer of making the count. As no sjieciUc characters are known, and as the Icit- ihyob:i^ bubohis doubtless aboutids iu the Lower as iu the Upper MisHis sippi, I refer i. cyprineUa to the synonymy of 1. bubalus^ tbe original tyj having probably been a young specimen of that species. Thia apecies perhaps the largest uf the CatoHtomidw^ reachiug a weight of 20 to pounds and a length of more than two leet. The young (" %Mchyru9^) sold iu the Illinois marketa under the uumo of Red-mouth Biiffhio, the adnlt being called simply Ifuffalo. A species which 1 sapiHwe lo the preueni one I have seen lakeu iu immeutte numbeis, by means seines, in the Mississippi River at Burlington, Iowa. The tiesh is g although not first-rate. It is rather coai-ssef and is lull of umall bones. For pun>oses of comparison I bere iidd the original descriptions of &i cyprimUat 1. rauchii, i. MoUe}fiy and /. hchyrtut t — 1 ScLRROONATHDa cYPRJARLia ValeDcieoueB.— " Rien ce roe semble, d« jotitlfiu mlcrnx 1ft B<^i»»mtioD des solt^rognatiiw do genre dea Cato«toiiif(i que I'utipfece doot Jo viub ilonimr usl la dtuoription. Avee ane bonche, formtfe commo ciUlo du $cl^o4^athiu qipr\nu$^ doqi rojODB roiirerturu iH>rt6v au bunt dii lautMiau, la ttivrti iofdrtQure pluo longtiu qiiv la HUp^rioure, ol piu- couavqucut il u'y « pltu do pouibilit^ d'employer In boucbo poor tfucer. "Ctt poUHon a le oorp« Maex nemblable an pr^c^dent \_Sctert>gna(hu* cypHnua']\ banteiir est trola fola et uu tiers dans sa luuguuur totulo ; la lougticiir de In ititxt y comprific quatre foU et demio; I'mil cat putit, ot sur Iu Imut du U jouo, lo dUun^tx^e couteoti oinq foin et an iivXB dana la tdce, ct deux dioni^trea et demi, donuont la uic de rintorvnllA entro Ie» deax yimx ; In di-«.tim iJu cidnt-, convert oommo & l*unliuair< d'uriM )H5uu uuo e«t njotns oouvexu ; Itw dvux ligmfo do purv« soul trachea k I»nr pli onlinairB, et aoni ainneuoea, eomme oellcs de t'eap^oe prtfc^dente ; ropereole eat atrt^ bomb6 et. eat plaa grand, ce qui rend le Aona-ojierculH pina petit qnedans Ta . rognaibe. L'on aent lea iutertnaxilIaireB&ri>xtr<^iu)r6 supi^rieutudn muMenn, >^< <ti ou Iftvrp iTde mince. L'iufdrieure eat moiua 6paiHM,«l le nombre dee jnpiUiai faiblo. La doraole a Iu iu6uiu furmu qiiu celle do I'autre eaptee; mala I'auola tmC plw: potutuu; la oaadale e«t ^*bancr45o et large. "D.33. A.ie.oto. "Lea <^aiIlM toot bcaucotip pint* pctiti:'*; j't-u comply (luunmto n tn ' '■ \ cAl6a; dix iw daMQfl, et aept an dewona dc la lignn lat^ralr, qni c«t ((trui; . " La oonlear eat on <lur^ verdAtre, aveo leu oa^olres plus fonc^^an. "Notre ludividii vaK long de nepl fwiu^ra ; il viviit du Likc PnntrJianrain.*'— ^VaUOV* ClKNMUi, nut, yat, c2r« PoImb. xvVx, pp. 477-47VI.) Ilhthyobch nACciiii Aganali^— *' D«>r<)al miicU higbcr tUan in /. (•u&aiu*, all «4luR IM"* lIHIi'l! InriJlT. nii.t ti|rt witliMi utM"!) IflifiiiT ((.Lit' litliir ■ frrtiii Hii t II rii^riiM 1'llt5. J MYXOQYPRINCS ASIATICUS. 217 iGnBroBUS tntotixTt Agauiz.-^" Body higher than in lehthyobus rauckii, profile ilnpif, and hence snont blunter^ opercular bones larger; fins proportionally of the ■■e die. Fnm Osage River, Missonri." bSTBTOBUS UCHTBUS Nelson. — '*This is a very stont and heavily built species- Aipth S4 ^ length ; head extremely brood between the eyes and bat eligbtly convex ; ilikogth 3} tnnea in length of body ; snont short and ronnded, opercular apparatus \Mg»'i depth of head U in Its length ; width of head li ; eye 6f in head, 1} in snoot, 4 m iaicnrbital space ; ooadal peduncle a little deeper than long ; scales 7-37-7, nearly ttitem, a little crowded anteriorly, finely punctate ; flnu all small ; dorsal 1,27 ; anal 1,8^ Uaiili olive above; yellowish below ; fins blackish." ijpsoimnu in United State$ yational Mwteum, Knhsr. Locality. Collector. 99774 Illinofa River at Peoria (very large; typical of bttbalua) S. A. Forbes. Genus MYXOCYPRINUS GUI. Jfyueffrimtu Qiix, Johnson's Cyclopssdia, p. 1574, 1878. Cmfiaim el Sderognathua sp. Blebkkr, GOnthkr. Type^ Car^ode$ aaiaiicui Blocker. E^mology, ftoiaut to sack ; idnrptvoc, a carp. This genus is known to me only ^om Dr. Bleeker's description of its typical species. Whether it differs from its relatives, IchtkyobuSj BvhO' iiektkytf etc., in any other character than the obvious one of the great iDcreaHe in the number of its dorsal rays and the smaller scales, I do BOt know. In any event, bowevt^r. its right to independent generic rank ii anqaestlonable. Generic CharacterisatiOHt. Mtxocyprijcl'S 0111, 1878. — " Mifxocyprinue is a name proposed for the Carpiodea ■liitinn of Bleeker, which is distinguished by the niultiradiate dorsal and unni fins (c f. D. 58 ; A. 13)." — (Gill, Johttifon'g Ct/clopttdia, Appendix, p. 1574.) M. MYXOCYPRl>'US ASIATICUS [BleeJcer) Jordan. iiM—CarpiodfM atiaticiu Blbrker, Nederl. Tydscbr. Dierk. ii, 19. JkUroffmatkua anatioua Gt^NTiiiCK, Cat. Fishes Brit. Mus. vii, 23, 18G8. Habrat.— China. My only knowledge of this species is from Dr. Bleeker's original de- MtiptioD, which I here subjoin : — "Caitiodbs ABIATICC8 Blkr. — Carpiod. corpora oblongo conipresso, altitudine *2i tasia^lMloDgltadiiM absque, 3| oirciter in longitudine corporis cam pinna candall, 218 CONTEIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMKRICAN ICHTHYOLOGY— III. done Tuldo elevato maxime couiprewo ; latitudine corporis S^ ciroiter ta ejaa altita- dioe; capito obtoso 5 fere in JongitudiDo coqioris absque 6 circitor in loagitoUma pons cum piDoacanduU; ocdHs in media capitis loogitudiue siUSfdiiuuotra 5 lirci in longitodioe capitis, diamotria 2}^ circitcr distantibus; linoa ru6(ju-dun»ali vurticc e^-^^ fhintodeclivl recliuaoala, rostro valde oonvexa; BoribuB orbitiD approuniaiia, rloiibaii vnlvula cluudcndiit; ro«tro obtnao trancutinacalo voids carooan unto rictiai prominent« ; lablia valde caruoaifl papitlulis, inferiore lobia puram productici; umicsc orbitoli anteriore sat louge &nt« orbitam ftito, soaphibforuti, duplo circiiur longii qnani alto apice acato antiorsum spectaQto; oaae aaborbitali 2° obliqae tetragc nque alto circiter ao longo; oaeibas Buborbitalibtu eeteriitgnicilibnB oonli dijM quadrajilo ctrcttor humilioribas; oporouln duplo cirrit«r lUtioreqnam luto miLrgioil posteriore et iufuriore convexo ; o«ae scapulari valde brevi ut obtuao ; owibuii pbar; gealiboB compresBla eat validis oltioribna qaam latis, dentiboa 30 ad 60 conipi corona vnlgo unituberculatia ; Hquamiji dimidio liboro et dimidio baaali snbmdia. Btriatifl. TfO in liuoa lateralis 24 iu neiietransveniall abaquo ventralibus inflmia qaac-i 13 liDeam lateralnin inter et iuitinm pinotn doreolls ; aqitftmie linea lAt«ruU i* medio iMiiur^uutiH ; liuea latoralia oiuKuliti iMjtiAUiiH tubulo siuiplicu niiiri;)uem a^i mamm tibenim atlingoutu ootutn; pinnis doraall ot aunli buAi^ vagina b<iuamoa» _d clnaa, dorsal! baai non mnlto ploa qne 2 in loogitudlue totiaa oorporia, longe a^^H ptnnas veuualoe incipionte, autice valdu elcvata corporv vix bnmiliore, acota, Txa^^n emargiiiuhi. medio et poetioe corpore qnadnipio circiter bamiliure radio poatico aDAlipoaticosnboppoeito; pinuls pectorulibna rotandaloa oapito longioribna, veti' lea nonattingeutibne; ventralibua acute rotiindatiapeotoralibaa non mnlto brovioril> analem lion attiugootibuB ; au&H voriwro minus duplo bumilion*, duplo nUiorcqii boei longa.acutioBcnle rotnndatADOD emorginata; candali prof node emarginata lo acotia 4t ci^rciter in longitadiud corporis; colore coriioro loivesoento-ohTacco, pita fasco vel fusco-violaceo. "B. 3. D.4-49. P.1-17. V. 2-11. A. a-II veH-IO. C. UlO-1 el lat brer. "Hob. Cliina. "Longttndo specirainia de«cripti GOfl"'. "Rem. L:ipr<t»euce deCatostoininl dans lea eaux dc I'Asio nrientaleosi an fait Gorieux. Tilesioa dfji\ en avail fait connoltrc nn rcpr^^aeotuut, vivant duns \a vyma, dan« le L6d&, I'Indigirca et le Dogdo, capdoe qn'il nomaia Cypriuoa msux^' qae M. Valenciennes rebaptisa Catoatomns Tilesii vt qui pnrair. Atro on Aoouini*. ^ oelte espi'cc (Stait juaqu'ici la seule dn groupe qu'on aavajt babiler l'A»ie, Vt twCnelle pronve rexiateooe dana lea flenvea de TAaie orieniale d'nue aeconde espjK?*^^ ^ groaiie el elle appartlcnt manife«t«ment an genre don t la Carpi<xlt«<'> type. MaiA t^lle e«t romarquable purmi tous lea poissoDsde lii dtvinion 'i <CarpfodosR&£,CycleptusBaf., Icb(byobaBRaf.,etRubaliebthyftAg.)pnr aoodua €[iiv6 et anguleax et par Ba trtft-lou^nc doniale h ]ilus du ui) ruyona. C'aat nn ^miDeimncnt dietiucte qu'iin uu [Hiurrftit uonfundre avuo aucuna dm M|4oi oaiuea.'' — (Blfjsker. NoHcrs nur Qurlt/uet Gmrea et Btipice* rfc« CMmnotdei ifr <Xcrin-raR(fi>cA r^jd^krifl vow de Oicrktmd^, 1804, li> pp. 19-21.) :». <j±iA»JU.i»Tiji» 1j1UKU» joraan, sp. nov. Big-^MOuiJied Sucker of Vtah Lake, UhtumUiet feeundus Jorjdam, Ball. Haydeo'ii Geol. Barv. Ten. It, No. 3, 417. (Not (Mottomtu fecundus Cope & Yarrow.) Ukatmi$U$ fBcundus Jordan, p. 150 of the present work. ce pages 149-151 of tbe present work were in press, I have care- recompared Cope and Yarrow's description and figure of their Oato- ifeeunduSf and my notes on their typical specimens, with the speci- on which the genus Chaamistes was based, and I have come to the ision, hinted at in the text, that the ChasmUtea is a species distinct C. fiottrnduSy and thns far undescribed. Tbe specific name liarus smooth; ^/}of, border) is therefore proposed for it, in allasion to Dooth lips. 28(6). OATOSTOMUS FEOUNDUS Copedt Yarrow. Sucker of Utah Lake. OaUmomuftoundua Copk &. Yarbow, Zool. Lieat. Wheelcs's Expl. W. lOOtb Mer. 678, pUte xxxii, figs. 1,1a. latotUmutfeeMMdue Jordan &. Copeland, Check List, 166, lr76. (Name only. Not Coloftoniw/eciiiuiM Joidao, Boll. U. 8. Nat. Mus. xi ; nor Ckamitie^feoundu* Jordan, Ball. Hayden'a Geol. Surv. Terr. ir.Ko. 2,417.) TAT. — Utah Lake. Stated above, I at first identified Chasmuies Horus from Utah with this species from the same waters, the two being very sim- I ti% «na1«i8 anH flna nnH iha ffwm rtf tha mnnth anri anAiif in tliA 220 CONTBIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — HI. lytical key to the species of the genas. If the upper lip is narrow, with few rows of tabercles, it will Dot be easy to separate /ecundiw from teret. If the lip is broad, with many series of tabercles, it will be approximated to C. occidentalism differing, however, in the larger scales (about 60 in the lateral line, instead of 72). I therefore qaote the original descrip- tion, and leave the relations of the species to be finally settled at some fatare time: — " It is a trae Caioatomut having the parietal fontaoelle well marked and widely opaa. The head enten in entire length 5 times, the diameter of the orbit 6 times in gx«atert length of aide of head. The insertion of the dorsal fin anteriorly is nearer to the ood of the muzzle than insertion of caudal ; the ventrals originating below middle of di»- sal. The width of the dorsal to ventral enters the entire length to insertion of caudal 6 times. " Radii : D. 1^13. A. 1-8. P. 7. T. 11. Bcoleaare in201ongitDdinal rows fiou tin insertion of the first dorsal to pectoral, and in 60 transverse rows from bnuiohi» to insertion of candal : they are elongate and octagonal, smaller on dorsal nglon, and larger on ventral. Body elongated, sobfusiform. It diifers from C. {Aoommt) gmurotm, Gir., in many particulars, as may be seen from the following oompariaons. ** Girard's species has no fontanelle ; is shorter and narrower; the diameter of orUt enters greatest length of side of head 5 times instead of 6. The anterior losertioa ai dorsal fin is equidistant between the end of the snout and the insertion of the candal, while in C. fecunduSf it is nearer the end of the snout than insertion of candal. His ventrals iu C.generosua originate under the postexior third of the dorsal ; in C./eeuudiu under the middle third of the dorsal. The radii in C. generottu are : D. 10, A. 2, 7, P. 16, V. 10, C. 27 ; in C.fecundus: D. 12-13, A. 1,8, P. 17, V. 11. "This species is abundant in Utah Lake, and is called 'Sucker' by the settlers. They rnn well up the rivers to spawn in Juno ; feed on the bottom and «a< tpawn of better fiuh ; spawning beds on gravel ; bite at hook sometimes ; are extremely nnmer- ous, and are considered a nuisance by the fishermen, but they meet with a ready sale in winter, at on average price of 2^ cents a pound." — (Cope &. Yarrow, I. o.) S}>€Cimen8 in United Statc9 yatiimal Museum. Number. Locality. Collector. 12^94 Utah Lake Yarrow &, Uenahair do Do, BIBLIOGRAPHY, TbefollowiuglistconipriHesRll the works known to the writer in which o«r ft]tecleft or genera of Cafostomida are indicated, or in which original JcteHpCioDs aro given of genera or species previously knowD. Id general, I teve endeavored to inclnde all papers in which anj^thing of importance w ftdded to or auhiracttd from the buiu of our knowledge of tUcso ftikea:^ (JohuReLohoId), [Ve»cripi\tm of CtfprinuBtatontomu^Tonter.] <Philo- I Tr»iii«M:rn)nB, vol. 63, Londoo, 1773. LCtiPbDB (Bernard Oflnuain ftdenne de la Ville-sur-nion, Comtede). Uistoire ?kit«iWIe dea Poisftotu pnr le Citoyen La C6p<~'de, momhre do I'luHtitnt narioDal. •C Prnfeawnur dn Mii*)^iiiu do biatoiro D?itui'clle. Toniu premier h oimlui^me. 4 riui«t ebez PlnsdAn, inipMrreur librnire, Rne du Cimeti^re AodrMeH-Arcc. Ko. 10. I/an VI de la K^iiiibliqiiv, — 1708 [~ L'nn XI de la Kt^[)tibli<jue, i. e. 1^03]. ffi— m^liiUB at 1« CTi>r1a cntoatntnu, Cvprinw ealottomut Forat«r, Le Cjprtn atiuniorsoaieD, (lUrk EUewr) and SCHNBIDER (Johaun OotUob). M. E. Blochil DttrtorteMadician BeroUncnflio, et noci«tntibDM Ht«rarliH mullltt idscripti, Systeraa Ichcfcfttlogia iooQJbiu CX illustratnin.— Poet obitum aiictoris optu iDcUontum Ataolvll, comxit, 'rnlurpolavit Jn. Gottlob BcbueiUer, Soxu.-Bcrolini, (inintibus Aatur)* inpliMMnni et bibliopoUo Sanderiano ooiDiuuienai, IBOl, {DmvipCMi «C C)nfriMi» Mfu«e»nHU yontot.J TUXSIUS ( — >. ** PUctnm Camtacbutcicoram deaoriptioDM et ioonea. < M^m. Ac. J*. M. i*^t«»b. I and III. IHIO-lHil." ;l>wcri|>U«iu ati'l flfiun ul Cyprimu ratlnttut, a]!, iiov., fhim EMtera Siberia.] PAUkAB (PflbD). Z.oogTtk\tbia Romo AaiaticasiflUnflOmninm Animalinm in extenao ImjMfio fiamico et adjac^Dlibus maribaa ob(»er>'atomni, receiiftioDeni, doaiiollia, BAT** ^t 4Mcriptionea, Aiifttomea atqtio icooee plnrioiorem aactore Peiro Pallw, S^ A«r. Acwdaniioo Pvlruptiiitanu. Volumi'ii tertium. Putropiili, In ufflciuu C»M. AeadenlM 8« IrntiAriim Imprt^M. MDCCCXI. Edit. MDCCCXXXI. (DMaortyiko «f Cifprinut toatrttita ijaotrd from TilnHiu*.] JOTCKZLL (Bamttel Latham). The FUh«a of New York Deacrlbed and Arraoged. <Traii8actioDa of the Litemry and Pbiloaopbical Sooitity, Nov York, 1611. iCiifrimmM Inw and CypwinuM MonffUM, ip. bht. ) ■UBUB (Charloa A..) A new KeiniFi of Kiabea, of the Order Abdoniinoles, pro- poanl, aoder tiie nainn nf Cati»Mtomii» ; and tbe cbariict«ra uf ililo Keuiis, with tboae •fito«pMl«a,lndicfttu<l. Uy C. A.LvSuvnr. Reoil Septoiober hi, 1817. <JoDn)al If Um Ac»dc>tuy ot Natural Scioocea of Pbiladolpbia, vol. i, 1817, pp. 68-90 ODd [t>^«rfkr« f1mta$bfmuf, gm. niir.,roil the fnltowiDgiiPW ■pcclcA. nuwt of wblcb arr Ofured:^0. Wi m$. fl gibhomu, O. tubrrmtflhta. C mruvntrjiiitntuM, C, aurroltu, C. mmmuniM, C lynffimitrvm. C»igrv>a*K C.maeuUmt*. C,*lvnoattiM, €. nif.iru* ''. (/u^wirfftii, C hiHtumimau, «tiil f. hnd»vH\ut. C i«ia iK4i*k). r. tklmguM (Mltct.1. ftinl C. mrc/fa < Uc } ore aUo ilrwribcd. Tbiii pniior u nti «xe«l- tH««a\aa4 amiparw fkvorablj «lth dhmI Ifaal huaatDca bi-aa wrlUeo on UiUi[rua|>.) 222 COhfTRIBCTIONS lO NORTH AMEttlCAN ICHTHYOLOOV — lU. RAFINIiSQTTE ( Coiutantloe Samuel). Dtsooverica In Ktttnnl 7l\»iaty during a Journey through the Western Region of tbeUnitt'd States by ConptanUna^ Saiuui>l Rat]neAqiio K»(\. Adilre^ooil t^ Samntil L. Mitcbilt, PrevUlcot. nml nthf^^ Diemliors of the Lyceain o< Naturftl History in a lelior dat«d at IxittiftviUt*. Kail of tlio Ohiu, 2i)tb July 1^1^. < Anioiicau Monthly MugiiziuH aoil Critical RcvLofrJ Now York, Soptomber, 1818. fDcMrripttonof CiatoftoiRiufrtiAci/iMiuid OatMtammten/lJmtmM, m^ tmv^ miA aottwi of Ibii ditto*- fry at ib» '• Ckiv" " CatattomHs mturopt^nu" and tbe "Saoker" Otfoitomiu dttfUMwi.] Description of three now genera of flurlatilo FUb, ronu^ri*, .Siircfcir*M and Ad»-] glanum. By C. 3. Ralinoaqno. Read Dec-enibor IaI. i& 8ib. < Jnnrntil of Academy of Natural 8cienc«« of Pblladelpbia, 1, ISlH.pp. 4l7-4»2. ll>iSieTipUoa o{ Exofflotaum iUvpenteiwm) tmu:roptrrttm ; aalt);uDU« «iiil 0pe«le« ooir.I — Prodronin dn 70 nonveanx Genres d'Animanx d^Sooorerta dana riuMriear dea fiuta-Unisd'Amrfriquo dnrant ronD<?o WIR. <Jonnial de Cbymle, d« Phyaiqno etd^Histoire Naiurelle, Paris, June. Idl9. (DeKTiirtioo of AmModoti. gco. bov., baifd on tbo phMyan^nbi (>f Sapiaidomtins {rrM*nhMu em>n<v>niilv nacribed to a HniKilo-fiiib, vrilb tboiipeelra A. bubalus iui<l ^1. nifftr, »i: uuv CifeleptuM A^^roKciu, sen. ot sp. bot. ] 4 KtAC^PilDE (Bernard Oermaln ^tienne). IIiHtniro Naturt^llo dea Poisaons, par ]*• ComU* Lucijpi'do, sniti> et cotnplffmeDt dcH (Euvres dc Buflfun. Tomo cioqaiJUni nrer vingt-trois nonvelltw planches eo taille-donce. Paris. Rapot, Rno Saiot- Andr<S-dca*Arcit, No. 10, £dil-eur du Tuniplu du la Otoire on lea FaaUn Militaira de la Franco, ouvra;;n lu-fulio, aveo fi;{nrea, 1819. (A reprint of Lac*i»^lc'» wtirk-l RAFINUSQITX: (Conatantine Samuel). IchtbyoloKia Ohiensia or Natural inatoryj of tbft Fidbes Inbabitinj; tbe Ktvur Ohio and Its trtbntary slreaus. Preceded b] D pbymcal description uf tho Ohio and it^t branchi^s by 0. 8. RoBnosque, Profs ut Botany and Natural History in Tr^a.Hylvania Untvnrbity, Antbor of tbo Aoo-^ lysiH of Noturi'^ (Sec. «&.<'., membttr of tb« Litorary and PbiloHopbical Sooiuty oj New York, the HUtorioal Society of New York, tlio Lyceum of Natnr.il History New York, the Acudemy of Sciences of PhiludtOpbia, tho Aiuerit^^n Aiiiii|uarlati] Society, the Royal Institute of Natural ScieDcea (/Naples, the Italiuti Soetttl) of Aria & ik-ienoe«, tho Medical Societies of Lexlnj^toit and Cineintiall Arc, &.< The art of Beeiug well, or of distiugni(»biui; wi(b accuracy the ol^eota which wi perceive \h a bifcb fwMilty of the tuiud, unfolded in f«w individnals, and deapiiK>< by those who can ooitber acquire it, nor appreoiatv ita rdaulla. Lexiof^u, Kon< tncky, printed for the Antbor by W. H. Hunt, (price one dollar), — i&-iO. (1 vol 8to. UO pp.) [OH^DADf pHntM 111 the Wmufo Rerlev juiil MlacelbuMiKis Ma^iikiimi. L«ikiv - >ttt)|^ lisV.i-W. It ouDlulflB ilc«crl|>tionH of lb« fjeovrik itiid apLysiM Qf CiifA»hmt( t' (f)ii Stver, tboy boinu rrtem'A to lbr«e fmtmrm, Oalagtamus, Offiifptu$, and Hyptmrtium, ino jptoiu' Outottomiu )k<Iqs t|ivii1o«l Into fivo n«w ao^AHMra. JCaawitama. IfiOobrnt, ObryfaAM, TWvXbIim. #itryvfOTft«w, Aiiil DtiMftiftuM. Ttii> Mldwiiifc tM the amuigetDeot of the apoelos «)«aortliMl>— IBS CATO*TOaCH. ■rfaaKliias>.ainr. Sabgcaoa Jfonrt'nna. (aaoloJaria, a|ik oar. sulaema, ap, nov. nrythniruK aiilMopteraa, ap. aov. flvmiatia ap. aor. BabgrnoB SftMt/m* SabRsava JMoyHMHia. bubal tia. nl«or. Sabceoua ZfMoaVtea. Sabfvnni OtrpM**. •liHiasBal cari'trt,*!* nov. Q«auB CTCLUTia. Tfillfrr, ap. Dii». nlgmwao^ lauUl^po^ Hjt. nor. 0«saa itrnurnuJUM. 8Qb|:«uus Terttattu. IBSlaiK>pa,«p.llOT. i BlDhlOOKAPHY. 223 ^^^^^^ (Johot. [Kratiklin'ii Jmiinnl} 1823. ttMl*t4taui of OUothnmu fontrrimiit%.$, ifi. dot., and Catoirovivf U nmirti. »\t. nov., nod notes - -mmm otkar afwctM. ] t'M&a-Hnnwh-AaiencnDa; or the Zodlofn^ of Ibo Nortliero Parts of ISritiab ijMCk*, eoDtAtuiii^ ittwi-riptioiia uf tlii" objvottt uf Nataral Hiator; tolloctcd oai tW kal^ Northern Luml KxptulitioDs undt^r contmund of C»ptu>ii Joliii FninkliDi' S.X. <4b. B; JohnKicbartUon M.D. 1\ R. S.F. L.8.iueiubttr *f <W ' ' (y of Loutloti, nnil the Wcrneriaii Nuturid HiaU'ry 8ttci»^j o( kAiiubtiTiih ; liuiionLr.v Member of the Nuliiml Hwtory Sot'ti-tv of Mont- Ita). sad Litonir)' nod Fliilo»opliical i^ocioty of C^uobec, Foreif^ MeniUer of the Oaogfvphlcul 8ootet5' uf Parts ; »ud Corretip«>ndiiig Member of thf« Aeadcuiy of Satvnl Scittnccd of Phlladflphia ; ftiirfceoii and Xatarulist to the Kxpeditinns. — Blviimtetl by uumeroaH plates. — i'ablisbed iioder tbo anlhority of thu Rij;;bt Boc)Gr»hlo tb» Si'i-rttlnry uf Statu for ColouiiU Afl'aits. Loudon : Kichard Itcntloy, Hmw niirlifigtoii St. MIJCCCXXXV]. l(.^»tjia« doOm« <fT <1*>«<:rlptloiu of Oatoitotnus hudioniu*. O^/orHtriamu, 0, aurtotui. Cntgf^ 2CIRTUAND (.Jaied Potter). Report on the Zoology of Ohio, by Pnif. J. P. Kirt- buHl, M. L>. <f^rc«>nd Attnnal Report ou th» Oenlogieal Survey of the Statu of Ofaio, by W. VV. Mulher, Priucipul Gcidogist, uud ibc&crcrftl a«ai8liLuiti. Culum- : SMnuol Meii»ry. Priulvr lo thu Stiite. 16315. 2CIRTL m ■ {(^■UlnffiH' of FlBlii-fl, pp. 1AS-1~0. Knu« (ill «p«deB itimUonc^, pp. 1M>-iti7. ^flnn apeelM f*fcn««l to CalottomttM *r^ tncladnl, oa M\avi:~Telifer Raf,, mureatu* Lti S., elonffnttu Lb 8., Pfctfwowtf L» tk #f|rffcfwr>i# Raf , . bviMlu* lur, <7rtfeUM Klri., mrJono^vi* Raf. mfTrdn* L«H., and Jfypwnttltyai iwfi^p<*niwi Itaf. '- 0- fratim Ktrt. [«p. Dtiv.] la briefly chmnuiiirliifyl us illstlvitulabMl I7 Ub> ■Htilt»WM of tljo kcaJi'B utt \\m auUiriur purt uf the body, aud aa tliu w:ulaa niiptuanli tbfl aiMtal fla ih^ laervaac 10 a uicdioui liio " (/. c p< 103).] ^^TOSSR rDavId Bumphreya). A Ru|Kirt on the Fishes of Msssachnaetts. By D. ^H Hittiiiil4tv><i Suifor, M. D. < Bofituu Juiiiiml of Nittiirul Hist^iry, vol. ii, IcCtlt, pp. ^^^^P (ttraorlptloM of OWoffomw gthhomt, C, tvhtreulatuu, O. niffrif^n*, and C. b—tonittms.] I KXRTLAKD (Jarcd Potter). Deeeription of the FUhe« of the Ohio River nnd ita ^v Ttiltuc«t#«. By Jured I*. Klrtlnnd, Profenor of tbn Theory and Praction of ^H MMkHoo In the Mdltcnl ColIey.« of Ohio, at Cinciimnti. < Bo«iou Journal of ^f * lii-v, 1H4(>-Ii^l'l. ^H CatatiopuiM aure*tb$M, C. nminiuaii, €. tmhahu, C. tiottffatut, C dttqusmi, ^^L 1Z.«AM»^^ C. lAc^dAvjM, C. iNlfi1«aiu. aod ScUfoi,nathus€ifpninu.\ itri tho FlaliMi of Ohio— in Family Visitor and in Annnls of Science. '<r< apMLlv* frmti<1 In tlic vlciaity of CtpTclnnd, ^th flsara*, nioflt of ibcto tt<tm in hU "Fluhtw of t1)<i Ohio". CatoMtirmuit praciUK, sp. imv., also Oalottomtu , ftMi 4r*f> ibrd to the prvTloa* pnper. hero OmcrllMMl aotl OifDrcd.] TBOaCPSON(2adook). FiBbni of Vermont. =ChttpterV.(pp. 127-ir.I). <Nfttorftl - llMlorT of Vpnnoeit )n lliKUuy of Vtntiont, Nuturnl, Civil, &. Stutlaticul, by Rev. ^H ZftikMck Tti"^ jion, Vrrinont, 1842. ^H III— itjili'i 'jprinuf, C. oUonjTW <= If. tmaent^fldwtmm), €. ttrtt, C. nS^Heam] ' CUVUIR (0«orsM 01ir<tleo Leopold Dagobert) ami VALENCIUNNTS vAolMUvV Hiitolfo N»t«r»?Ui' dt** roiMi>U9 \n\z M. le B."" Cnvit-r, Pair <!<■ Fnuin?, OoAd OSeter tl« I4 L^giuo d'honneur, Conaeiltear do Tfitat et au Conseil royal 224 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGT — lU, CUVIER to. C. L. DOand VAIiBNCIEUq^NI]S(A.)-Continned. de riiiBtnictiou publiqiie, I'uu dun (|uuniuttt de rAcadt^mie frauv-jusc, AaaociA lil de rAcaci^ude dos ItoUeft-LctlruSr twor^tnire |>cq>«tuvUo do oollo deft ScImk Meiiibre ilva Souii^t*^ ut Acud^uiifs royrilefi do LuiulreA, du Uerliii, de P(^t-i>mhoni do Stookholni, de Turiu, de Omttingao, dea Payft-Una, de Manich. do Mud^uu, vU parM. A. ValoDciennes, ProfeBseiir du Zoologie an MiiHdam d'Hitttoirc untucvU kMDbro de rAcad<$inie royalo do« Soiences de BtrUa, do U 8ooi6t<^ Zoalugique LiMidn?), ttc Tome dix-wtpti^me. 1942. (Cjfpria&tdta.) [lyematipilout at Oatottomut /itidmnia*, C./oraUHanm, C auMt(, 0. gthbtmu, O. tubffvmtmlim,-^ man^yUjiUtotut, C aurtottu. C. onnmun'J, O- (on^rmenm, C.niijritanM, C- tnaevtonu, C. O, i-irtatiiM. O. duiitumilt, V. bottonittuis. C Rtpm, C.oMentut, C. fuetatuM (up. not-.t, O. {mp. uuv.f, O. earjtio (mp. nov,}, C. tUani <ip. Dovj, SeUfOfftuUKu* (it«m. uov.i cypHtuts, /irkroyiMlAar I ^/priatUa (up. nov.), aod ExagUutufn MaaenpierHnL. Tliu vnluine mu writleu aCLsr Uto ilMifa if , Cuvlflr by Viilt<Dvlooit«ft.] DBKAT (James B.) Zoology of New York, or tbo New York Fauna; eompritii diTladfd drflcriptionaof all Ihu unimala bitherta obnerved witliiDtbe StatK of Ni York, with notices of Lhose occasionally found near ita borders, and aoconipanii by DitpropriAte illiistrattuus. Uy James K. Dekay. Part IV. Fiitbed. AM printed by W. He A. WbtU^A: J. Viiwubor. \^\'l. (l>BKrltiU»iiii uf LtUftv tUffttnt tip- iinv.), Labtc oUonffut, Lab*" typnniu, Labn gUlMtus, Mpptw {r^iL iiov ), OifixloMtM e»mmuitt4, ColottomiAM nnriita (up. uoT.). Catuttomut fi<rMvmi«l OatmUnmuM palliiitu (sp. nov.), OtttutntHUM Mireohui. Ctto*totnu4 nijrUaia, Catottomut muter ttnttu uiih iiittinna i>f otbcr ■prcin«. tii \\w AppetuliK.tko name /^ote* «liNi0«tiu isaBXxa«u4i aalntilutt' lur i.«i&M) vMnti^tu, lo prervat coofnalOD wllli Labmi tUongut C^ A V.) BECKEL ^Johann Jakob). Abbiblnogea ond Beaohreibungoa der Fiaoha Syi nubnt etcer neuou Clawtncatimi and Cbamotoristlk silmnitlicbcr Oattunfpeo Cypriuen vnn Johitnii Jakob Hcrkel. lusiiector am K. K. Hof-NaiurAllrnkabli in Winn, utohr. |*i*lehrt. Gesellsch. Mitgrunl. Stntl^rt, K. SrhweixertHirtI Vi'rtuK>*lmndliMii;. 184:). pp. lOll. (= pp. IK»1-IU09^ Kusaeggtira Retaen.) [CooiftiDi a clairtaaatloa af tba Ol/pr^idm aceordlBK to thtJr t— tt i ooiydaaaf i bviBjC illTiiM iHitiTMB QgtertMiwi aud ieAyrufMtoit.«u, gi>n. dot., earrMpoBAtBg to aad CsfetrpiuutL TSo allosloD Is made lo Um OuMieMtXjftma.] 8TORBR (David Damphreya). A SynopBia of tbe Fiabea of North Ai lUviil ilnnipbreyH btorur, M D., A. A. t?., Vice president of Ibc Boatoo NndM'id Iliatury; llenib«r uf (bo Amrrieau PbiluArpkical Siiciely. Cornwpoodl Mvmber of tbu Aoodomy of Nnlurnl BcienceH uf Pbiladulpbia, ote. Caml Uetcalf tl Company, Pnntent to tbe Unircraliy. l^ti. (Kcprioted froniMi of tbe American Aradcmy, ii, l^^G.) (ririer tlMrripllotia of 97 aomtoml apecloa <rf Ortwf wmj. two of &'«r«|^«AiH,aa4 Obt rrroiiMmalj to i.>»j>B<»ww.] AOAS8I2 (Lonla). lAkeSnperinr: ila PbyiiiealCbaiiiot«tr,y«|Cvl«lioci awl compurt'd wiib Ukmm> of otber and almilar regionts by Louia Agaaois, nilL a aai live of tbe tour by J. Klliolt Cabot, and eoolribotiona by otJier acienti^c gml men. Klegantly illuatratedt Boston: Gootri, Kendall and Lincoln, 59 Waaijii Slreoi. l^iO. (OMcrtpiino* nf aaireral flpwrt**, wUk tioM* ftod mnaHni Dtrw >p«-4 Ira. sbtl lbs aaBM C./nwtgfi0»aM iiaetl tfl • Srw aattM €^ aaa BAIRD ^apenoer Pollertoo) aod OIRARD (Chartea). TV^rriml of Fi»bes coUeotod by Joba H. Clark on iho I'. 8. and ' nwdrr Ll. Col. Jaa. D. Graham. By (fpeooor F. Bo^'-' - 'J\ t ■nVI < Proeooilixiga at the AcaiUtay of S»l tui 6, t»^ >(7-3tN). Asgoac, IsfiX •^.aar.J (Dftvid Hraiphrejs). A History of tb« Fisfae* of M«8aachnantu. Dy BaupfarajrK Stacmr. < Mvinoin of the Amerioaii Aoiulooiy of Aru »ud (BoitaB), aMTMriM, (taS3 to 1H87). II Aptna of CblatfcWMJ botUmiamtis and C i 4ftAftflTT! (XfOVtoX KatiM of a coUectiou of Fidbflft from tbu aoiitheni twiiil uf the T*ftbt«ee Klrrr. in ibe State of Alabanift; by L. Agiuaix. <AuiericiUi Journal of BdotK* a^a ArtiH weond seriett^ xvUi, 18&4, pp. 21^-^08, 353-3rir>. SM. Qvyi^BrfM onM, OifpiMCw (Mirtu. CbryrtodM Mwn. (Virp^ocf.u ritutut, nn-l (VirriodHir HMtf, «od nnHi <ta»^HMi« idMMmiii, Cn^^HMfu. O. rfw/ucniti, aikI O. mWunopa fram IIiuifcfr01a» Ak> Ha apwifle doMtrtpckv* AT* oompAiMiTe onl)-, juid aru nut ntUly iilcoUfljible.] ■HBO (Bponccr PTiUerton)aH</ aiRAHB (Charleo). Descriplinn of Now .Sin^iw at VUbr* «<illt;cu-a III Texas, Nlw Mexico acd Sonora by Mr. Johu H. Claik oil ■' Statea uuil Mexican Bouiular>- Survey aud in Texas by Capt. Muvvart U. 14. A., by S. i\ Daird and CUarle* Girard. <Proc«TUiiig9 of tbo _ f Natural Sciono«i of Ph. laUflphia, vol, vii, I-^*!, pp. a4-'29. i ► - ^.u.,b% o( CabHtomnM evmgattus, C. etarki, 0. ifwi^^, aiid 0. ftrntfui, ^ix w»r.l ATRB8 < WlttUm O.) l>c«cirlptiuD« of two new 8i»eciu of Cyirt-inoiOs. By Wm. O. Aym. M. I>. D««. 11, 1854. <Prorp(ftinf;».of tboCalifuruia Arudeinyof SciouCM, \o\. i, pp. IH-iy, lo54 ; Vd ed., pp. 17-lS, l«7a. ICMhIpmm tnidmhtUt, ip. aar.) DtfKrti" iu«i, pp. 3»>-a«. isra. i"w species of CatootomuH. By Wm. O. Ayre*, M. D. Feb. 26, nuf tbb California Academy of HcieDcca, vol. i, pp. Jl-Snj, l«55; Synopais of tbe Icbtbyological Faona of the Pocifio Slope of I If fpoin tbe eollectioDS madr- by Ibe IT. S. Kxpl. Eii>ed., nndcr ipt. C. Wtlkw, with rrc«nt Additions and Compansouti wiib ro lypM ; by L. Agacauu <Americaii Jounial of Science and Arte, *Jd nerieo, , ^ix, l/fi&j ppc teie-231. (ClMra^aHaM r^ry fvSfy tbe etsera, tIbi— OHyteUa Baf. t BmbaHeMM^ Aj{.. gaa. lUfv. : UMiy- Kat( C^rififfcii Kati JUnatonM Stmti J^AtHomu* Ag., gaa. nuv.; /TylewtyWA Ar.. E^i^ &* 8«w. Hm •Ht^ca ar «»6ll gnu >» ««to«4. nd rha fidviriai£ u«w vvT tAi4lT ^airi « nnaa cmh naiHdhm mHj dtaaibed LOary^otfa Owmptmi. mmdUT, iaUftyo^iu tteOcyi. JfMwOMM BrnMi, aad OatartPHMU I the Cyprinoid Fiabee inhnbitiag tint frmb vcat of tbe MiwiflMippi Valley, from apecl- lualttatiob. Hy Cbarl<?« Oimrd, M. D. Oif Xatnral Sciesoeaor Phiiadelphia. IHM, pp. IG5- il aT than Wlafl; dcacrilicd. Two d«w g^nmn mt* pco- w wptaim mn ehcraRCerlied:— OirrlA^u damalb. gmtHit. aail CVo^MMM Acfwi^^ai mmmj «<■ l>« 8e«'»l P**"** Eallwad BottI Ssrrera to Aaecrteio Ibe n>«» praotieaUe - I trwm tiie Vl«teiPVi Kivcr to the Pacific t)c , Bten*mrj of War. im !«:*-«» aooonljog to AcU ttf 226 COKTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — III OXRARD (Charles)— ContiuQcd. Couftreta of ^lorcb 3, 1&5:(, May 31, 1854, and AogoHt 5, 1A54. Voltime 3C. WmIiT^' ton, A. O. V. >'tcbolsuu, Printer, lc:59. (Part 4, Fisbcs, b.T i>r. CbariutUiranL) [ DescrlptioDs of Carjtiedes drnmaU*, JfsMitMio ttmifonHls, PtifAodoauu ha^ni, Aevmv ff*t*- roittji, AattAua yrittus, ^cMHtu lucfairiM, Catoffamu* oeciilvnMif, CkitMivmut (a&idtuj, CVib»Unntti maenelbatiu'. ait4 Ontoftoinut tuti^ii ,• all of Ui« cimwIm ezoopi Aeomua y<n«FonM, C ffrfikwltilft 0. (oKanu, and 0 macr«:A«i/u« belntc aocoutpuiifld by figQre«.J —— United StaUa And Mexican Buondury Sarvey, under the order of Lloat. CuL W. n. Euior^', Major First Cavalry und UuitiMl States Comniuwiouur. — Icbthyoltigy of tbe Boandary, by Cbarle« Girard, M. D. < United 6(Atoe »ud Mexican Uuutid- ary Survey. voL ii, part i, 1659. [DMcriptlmiB nod flguros of Jetiobus tumiduM, HoxoUoma bmturlU. ifaxo«6Hna viOarim, Jfna^ Jtenm c/imfhelti, l^tychatUtmut cnnfjttiut, PtydiNAomui atbldHS, Uinomvit intUjnii, UiAommt pU- heUu, Minamtia clarki, Aeomtu latipinniM, Aettmus ffuioMnmmg, und Catottomtu brrnartltni.] BXmEHKER (Pieter van). "CoDSpectiu ayBtematis Cyprinoram. Nwleil. lud. XXi; ItiOO." [Sy»l«iiMtJc arrAngomcnt of Uie jeoiau.] <Nalurl.T^dsfihtr ABBOTT (Chailes Conrad). DewcriptionB of Four New Speoiesof Nortb AmericsD Cyiirinida^ by Cbiirlce C. Abbott. < Proceodiugb uf tbe Academy of NuLural Sui- eoccfl of Pbilodclpbia, 16G0, pp. 473-474. [D««crlbi's Oatottifinut taanus mtu\ Catotiamtu ckleroitteron.} OILZi (Theodore Nicholas). On the clatMlftcatiou of tbe KvBNTooMATni or Ctpkiki, a HtilHirderof Telkocei'iiali, by TbecKlore Oil). <Prucv<.>diii^b uf tbe Academy of Natural Sciences of Pbiludulpbia, IrJGl, pp. G-U. (Cliiuiict«nice« tho 5Ubor(l«r iTrtnlojrniilAi, (!r|iiiralf<ot ui "tbv trin t'jprlnnlili -nf Aga—lt. wllfc (Hit l«L>tb tuthu jaws, and with Urge bUoirorn) ti>w»T (ibarTngral boDe*". This •iib<inl«r udlrUled Into fuur fiitiillicB.— tfuinntoptfrawto. Oobiteidir. Cffprifwiday, ami OatoMlomeidir: tbi Inllnr fmmHf hrititi in tnni divided lutu Uiroo nUtitmUiea.'-CattuUfminm, CVdqrluio, and Hubatiohtht/inar ] PUTNAM (Frederick Ward). List of tbe Fiabea aent by tbo Muaeain tu <li(Tereai ItiHtttatioDB, in exchange for other Specimens, witb Anuotatioaa. Dy F. W. Pittr uaiu. =:Uiilletin uf tbo Biuacuu uf Cotnjiarative Znology, Cambridge, Uasaocbu* fiette. U. 8. A.,lB63,(No. 1). ICootJiitii Diiiuc* uf 10 KptKiiM, with referouoM U> deaorlptioni bj ProfaMor Apii«U.l COPE (Edward Drinker). Partial Catalogue of tbe Cold-blooded Vcrtubruta of Mtcbigau. Part 1. By Prof. E. D. Cojie. [N'otoa OD iaTer&l apccloA.] OILL ^Theodore Nicholas). Syoopsis of the Fishes of the Golf of S(, Lawi and tbn liny of FuikIv. By Prof. Tbuotloro Oill, M. A. < Cauudiau NatanUistij Angnst, m65, (pp. 1-34 Id reprint). [KeeoTda Oittulomtu batttmtmtU and Itaxotltnma oHmyvm.] BLEBBIER (Pieter van). Notices snr Qnelques Gcarea et Eap6ces des Cyprinoldes de Cbiiiu pur P. BIceker. < Nederland^cb Tijdscbrift vour do DlcrkuiiJe, uitffs gureo door bet KoDinkliJIc Zooloj;lso'i Geaoottwbap, Natura Arlis &(iigUira, t* Amsterdaoi, under Itedaktie ran P. BIceker, U. Scblegel ea Q. F. Wc4t«tiiian« tweede Jaargung, Ir^OS. lD«whpUou of Oarpiodm ttiatietu, ip. dot.] T&OREAU ^Hoary David J. A Wwk on (ho Conconl au.! Hi'.iir.v ri. Tbori_»jiii. antltor of *' Walden/' otc. N»»« abd i< Ticknor and Flold*. I'MW. IContalnssniuKKiiuit of Uir^ h»b(u of CUo^Mmt lMtm<mttt amA O. BIBLIOGBAPHT. 227 0DMTUI2R ( Albtttt). CAUlogne of tb« Pbysostotni, oontfiinlng the famiHefl Hetero pyc^t* Cyfirinitla-, <J<>tior!iymtbi(l»>, UyodoctHlie, Osteo^IdBAJiJ/e, ClapeiUa*, Chl- ne«otittt:i', A1>'])i>cciiL4ilt(]ii.s NutopleriUiy, HaluHauritla', in tbo coUfction of the I|rlUft1> ' by Dr. Albert rflliitlirr. Ixmdou : Printed by nnlcr of the Lrust- mm. \-' - ' :itAlo{(n(»of tU« FUliM of tbo Britibb Muncm by Albert Gtiutbcr, JL A^ IL D., i^ D.I V. U. B., F. Z. 8., oto., olo. Volaiue seveotb. dcacrlfiUooi of tweuty-fuur apfClM, befttilrv tvronly ntir (doubtful bimk-Iua more^j flmocfed 'o ttmt Konora, CMOiVmut, itoxifsttina. SeUro^nadtuM, uml Carpivdn.] COPB '.Bdvraxd Dttnker). Ou tbe Distributiou of Frt&b Water Fistius in tbe Alte- gbAoy Ro]pon of Bonth-Wefltem Virgniia. By E, D. Cope, A- M. < Joiirna! of IiIm Acadttmy of Natural Sciencea of PhiUdelpbio, new seriea, vol. tI, pftrt iii, jMum?. liXO, pp. SU7-^7. fPwriiylWin and fisnra of TVneteliM o«rrinv«, up. dot., with DOtM oo T. dufturwi, OatoMtormiK •^riMiu, Mid 0. cammunit. ■TBBR (Albert). An Arconnt of th(t Ffsheaof tbe Btat«s of Central America hamtd oti ColltiotiunH mnil«i by Cnpt. J. M. Dow, F. Godinaii, Eb4]., aD<] O. Snlvin, Cb|. By Albert GUntber, M. A.. M. U. Ph. D.. F. R. «., F. Z. 8. < TrauMctioua of fteSooloeicml Soriety of Lonaoii, toI. v\, 1869, pp' 377-494. COPE (Edward Drinker). Pftrt'ijil Synotwie of tbe Fi9b<>ti of tbe Fresh Waters of N«rUi CttToUiJU, by KiItt, 1). Cupr, A. M. < Proocedinge of the Amerloan Philo- IwplikaU Sooioty of I'biliwUlpbia. 1870, pp. 448-495. {liaacripUtBu of J'laef^nn/ns earinattu {£00. ct «p. nor.), Pti/rhattomua papUIotu* {Hp-tiov.) twhtm fafLOor,), f*. entbipju* inp.nov.), t\pidUrui$ {Kp.nirr.),P.ecregtm}u (Kp. nor.), P.aUnu (sp.' M*r. /^ UdZdakmu (up, nor.), /*. rvbtuttm (Mp. dot.), J*. efythrvntM, P. tnehrymntis (up. dot.), P. m»tr»t0pi4atu», /' iJuvtwvnff. P. earpio, P. oneida, P. aiiirtotut, P. tveutii, P. crtuiUabrU (cp. nor ), J*. t»wMMy tup xiov.).P ftww inp. nor.), P. egrvinus, OarpMUf iHfarmU (tipkiioT.), O. euH»mnserinut ii^Bfttj. CmJtm (kp-DuT.), CcW^ar. O.f^ra^ (ap. wyw.t.O.tkamptonUC friiorK Cetiprinu*, aotl a ■vaM^fir i0f. noT.), w(th note* oa other apecloa, and a totj uaeful uialy»U of tba ayiMdes of r^%m»mmt anil OarpUtaet.] — — Bnpftrt oil Lbo Reptib-b autl Fishes obtained by tbo Nataraltste of tbe F.xftf^dt- tkm, by K. i>, Coiic, A. M. < Pre) i mi nary Kipurt of tbe Uiiitetl Statee Geological Sorvvy of Wyoming, fiiii coutiguoue territorltiB, (boiog n «econd annual report of pttyrei,) conilaclcd under the authority of the Socretary of tbe luteriur by F. V. lUydMD, troit«d States Geologtftt, Wntibiiigtoa: Qovexnuieul Priutiug Office. [<H»Mttmm» JiWBftalwi, Itittemtu dtlpkinuM, MinomuM barius, and PtvehottonutM bueeo, apt nov.] — Oo tb* Plajfoptorina- and the Ichthyolngy of Utah. By Kdwonl D. Cope, A. IL B«*d fa«)for« the AniHrioau Pbiluaopbical Society, Mnndi SOlb, 1874. < Pro- ef«aift)9» ^f (■^<> Amerinatt Pbiloeopbioal Society of Pbiladelpbtfi, vol. 14. pp. 139-i:{9, 1 0ta^frtt$n$k»a and Mtnoonu Jarroni d«MTlbed aa neir «p«ciM.) fDavld Stair). Synopaia of tbo Genera of FlaheH to be looked for In by I'rof. Xtevid H. Jordan, M. I>. < 8ixth Annnal Report, of tbo OeoUi};!- Scurny of ludiAna, modtt during tbu year 1874, by K. T. Cox. State GooIogisC; ty Prof. John Collett, Pn.f. W. W. Borden, and Dr. O. BI. Lovetto. Indi- Bvntlnel Compiuiy, Priue«ra. 1875. pp. 197-238. and ODour two spocle^ miMilIiinrit under eaob.l — CoorTrrdnic the Fkboa of the Fchthyfdngiu OhieuftiH. by David S. Jordan, M. S., iL t». vdloga of tbo Buffalo Society of Natural History, 1676, pp. 91-97. 10»^'<>-. .-1. ..ttiVaalieMof tb« npMiM d«««rl\wl by ILiiflnQw|ti«; a newj^nua, £f(uiyz«N, being fUr C^ifaw oMtlwuj MltcbUl. | 228 CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — lU. JORDAN (David Starr). Manual of the Vertobrnteaof ibeNortbern UoiCed SUtes, iucludiiig the dislriot e&ot of tUe MissfsBippi liiver, and Dortb of North Caroliim aud Tunneweo, exclaitiro of morlDe speciea. By D«rid Starr JordaUf M. ti., M. D., ProftiHtur of N'alural UuUir)' iu N. W. C. Uuiveraity aud iu ladioaa 8cato Medical CoUoge. Chicago: Jaiiseu^ McChirg &. Coiopaay. 1376. [Tiroaty*tbreu iipoci«s briefly deMiilMd, mad raferred to nino genua.] 'NELSON (Bdward W.j A Partial Catalogoe of the FitJics of lUlDoia, by E. W. NVIooit. < liiiUulm of tlie lUiauis Muwiini uf NaltinU History, i, 1H7G. tXciic* 00 ^\ spooiM : lehAyttm* ^tnullia daaorllwd at a nev spoolM. and tUa ifttant GxryfeOm unltMl to Jehtl^fobuf-} UHLBR (P. R.} end LUOGER (Otto). List of Fishes of Maryland, by P. E. Uhlar and Otru Lufj^r. < Re[»ort of the Commiwiouers of Fishorioa of Maryland, pp. 67-176. flS76). [&«TOD spccl«a dosorlbod.) COPE (Edward Drinker) and 7ARROW (Henry C.) Report upon th« colleoUoaa of Fishes mado in itortiuns of Nevada, Utah, Califuruio, Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona during thu yean lt<71, 187:2, l€i'.i and li^4, by Prof. E. D. Cope audi Dr. H. C. Yarrow. ^= Chapter VI. < Report ujiod Geographical and Ge*ok>gicaL| ExploratinnH and Survoys West of the Onw Hnndredth Moridiau, in obarge of FirU Lieat. Geo. M. Wbeoh-r, Corps of £ngiuecri», U. S. Army, nndnr the direction of' Brig. Gen. A. A, Hninphreys, Chief oFEnginMirB, U.S. Army, pubiisbed by authority j of Hon. Wm. W. Drlknap, Secretary of War, in acrordjinof with acta of Congresa of Jane 23, 1874, and February 15, Xtf75. In rix volumes. Accompanied by one topo- graphical and one geological atlas. Vol. V. — Zoology. Waibiogton: GovammeDt Printing Office. 11^5. (Issued in 1876.) (Oootaiaa (IcMrlptiona of PtoiitoifcM (gtou bpv.K JVnifcufam fUt$t1qfmtk»iMt PuUHtmu HrM>rrfu (ip. fiov.K OMMtomw foi<0iMk OiliilWiif sWoeluai. OmmImhh 4<w«Miun, I OUtatMmiM Jtcundnm (ftp. nar.S Oaiawtamut gfiwiifaw—, JfWMlmna rrtjjywsH— <ap. aor.K Pt^^ £AMC»miu oonputiu, aud CtarpiodM yrayt, witfa OtfurM nt ibosI of lb* aptclfa.] JORDAN (David Starr) and COPELANO (Herbert Bdaon). Chock List nf the I'ifthiw of the Freeh Wttlom of North America, by David .S. Jordan, M. S., M. D^ and Herbert £. Copeland. M. S. < Bnlletio of tbo Buffalo Booiety of NatanU History, ii, lrt7fi. pp. KU-IG4. [Elgfaty-tbrc«n<mi)tui1 vpoclca «tratDmiitM. irfonwl to t«a p-ntrra. v\z -. - ObfoftowHt*. ^wJMiwn, ItifptnUtium, £ninyzi»i, liretuUu, Flaeophanrnx, CarviodM, Itktki/tAui, BubalkAlht/t, and O**^ JORDAN (David Starr). On tiio Fisbes of Xorihem iDdiaoa. < Prooeed4Q|p» of iho Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, IdTT. [\otM OD iH*vcra] ipenim : tehtXt/abug iteMj/rui and BubatieIitln/9 altus Amtitt\»BA aa a«nr fpwctrv fbjoi AliiS. Irft mill tlitf Miitbor li>' Mr. NpLxm ; an Wioljaiauf tiiP ({rurmfif Ca<o«<oH«i(ltr Ui^l^'ra, ■laeof them belag "accept«d bjr Prof. Coireaud ibo writar"! - A Partial Synopaift of tlio FiMbes o( Upper G«urgin, by David 8 < Aiinalsuf the .New York Lyceum of Natural History, Icr7ti. (Pnl'li f NotM OB BUOMmms apccloi^ Jfi/aojIoMa ruryop* Imlni dflsorlbv^l •■ imw.) KLIPPART (John H.) Firnt Annual K«'port of tlio Ohio Suite I kTho Goveruor of the Slato of Ohio, for lUe years IdTj and l'?7u. ■ & Mycni, State Printer*. IH77. (I>ntt'Ht mi*, au i I >UL>»intJi. t'tnetrtthi by Ur.J.lL KJtpiwrtl BinuoonAPHY, 229 JORDAN ODavid Starr) nud BRAYTON (Alombcrt Wtothrop). On LagocbtlOt • new |[fFmifl of CAto9tornAt<1 ftsliw. < Proceeding of thn Arudemy of Nntnrnl ^1 fWicnceaof Philftrlelittiift, It^fTT, pp. 9S&-2S3. ^^M IT^aahtflUm ■ml Aisnre of Lagoehila Uieen (gm. et «p. iwr.i, iriih nn inftlyaia of the i*t>neni o/ ^^^^— OBfcrti Mlifw mAm\UnA, rif—ljonoeMla. rUieofihaiyme, 3fpxoaioma. Ertmvton, nj/p^meeUvm, Oato- ^^^BpiKWi, AMtartma, OpeUptuM, CarpimUg, Ich^tyo^tu, BmbattAttj/t, uhI MvMovpjrrutuB.] RALXX>CK (Charles). Tltc 8parUnian*« Gazottecr and Genernl Gnide. Tbo Qame JUimaln, BirUa and FtsbcA of North Anterica : tboir IlabttH and Varions Mfithods of Capture. Copioas InHtractioaai in Shootinf^. Fishtnf^, Taxidermy, Woo«teraft, |rtl^ 'i'x't^thrr with A Directory (o th« Principal Gnnio Ro«ort« of thn Coautry: li < with ranpA. Jly Charlra HaJlook, Editor of "Forest and 8treaa)", the •TUhliiBTonrist", ■'CauipLifeln FIorida",ctc. New York: Fore«t 8lr«*am PiibUibiiig Cuuipuiiy, lb77. [CaMMbii JMriytfain &d«1 lurtkM of naaxumua •pooirs; tbo Kod Hone, JL maerolepid«tum, ■,im p. 938 ItMdTerMaUy c:illwl " O^imKomus etrpidianum".] KnU)Al'l (.David Starr). Contriboiious to North Atu(*rican lubLb.voloi;^^ bued I^H primarily on tbr CoII«*ctionft of tbo United Stst«s National Muaenui. I. Reviaw ^^^ ct CoiLiifMqiir'a Mtimoira ou North Americau Fisbiis, by David 8. Jordan. Wavbiag- ^^^HBpti : G^iremroent Printing OflQce. 1877. = Bnlletin of the United States National ^^^^jfloflvoot. No. u. pp. nn. ^^r jCcMkUliu lihrntlQeatiOttA of Ui« varloiu nomiDttl spoclM da«crtbM by RaAQo«que.] ^r^»- '' ''intkinA to North American IchtbyoTofTy, based primarily ou thpCollectiona idl StaWii National MnHenni. II. A.— Noteson Coliidfr, ICtheottomotiftirt ^itrarrhidtt, Apkododaida, DoryBomatidaf^ and Cyprinidtr, with revisions of and dowrriplioDs of new or little known Bpccit?«. B.— Synojmis of the itu* frreb n at«-rAof North Anncrica, By Dnvid S.Jordan, Wiislungton : t Prinlfn;; Officci. 1^C7. ^Bulletin of ibo United States National :•>. 10. pp. UC. »o or Jfyvoffoiiia pm>(h^n, i^i. dot.] 6ZXJ* ^Tbr^dore Nicholas). JobnAon'a Now Universal Cyclopiedia; a soientific and |M>p<!' . uf nwful kno\vlcd;;a. Illustratt'd with niuim, planx and nn);rav- Iftj-R. Ml chii^f. Frederick A. P. Biirnard, S. T. D., LL. D., L. H. D., M. N. Pr«*«idtrni of Colnmbta College. Now York; Arnold Gnyot, Ph. D., Lf... D,, A 8.» Professor of Gt'olo(;y and Physical Gt-ograpby, CoMogo of Now Jersey, t^* Edilors—L^O peraontt, among tb^m Theodore Gill, A. M., M. D., Ph. D., A S., Late Senior Assistant Librarian of the Library of Confn^ss]. With icw contribntions from writers of dtstin^tsbed eminence In every depart- of Icttrrs and »olenoo in the Untteil Blates and in Enrope. Completo in fonr tudndinfc appendix. Vnlumo IV. S — Ap]>endix. (Testimonials at the >f ' tie.) Atvln J. Johnson A Bon, 11 Great Jones Strut, Now York. ill. jCtmiMt— # tlMnrlpUnn nf tbo ftunlly Osftutomidis, a list of tlie gmtm, soil a dlsgooals of Jf^o- IdBDAN (David Starr). Mannal of tbo Vurlebratea of the NoHht^u United StateSf {..■.. I.. ,. ,)m di„t|-i{^[ |^p,t of (he MiBsissippi River.und North of North Carolina iwe, exclnsive of Marino Species, by David Btarr Jordan, Ph. D., 31. D., ' " 1 ltiHror>' in Bntler Univoraity. Second Edition Revised and Jansen. McCliirj; & Company. 1^78. ■rfiT*^ to rleTfn (ii-nrrii ; — /^rjocArta, PtaeopKarynx, Sfi/xjy • . It, Jlf/pfnteliutn. Catimtumut, CytleptUM. Cnryimlft. Mtkj/vOtit, **^ fi.'^i,-fti^]fi iti tr.. ,\iitl<n<1ii, tbe bsme Qaatnlairitt I* sngxcsted it a niibNtttuta lur 230 CONTEIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMEEICAN ICHTHYOLOGY — HL JORDAir (David Starr). A Catalog:ae of the FiBfaus of the Fresh Waten of North America. By David S. Jordan, H. D. < Balletln !V, Haydea'a Qeological Survey of the Territories, No. 2, pp. 407-4'42. WaBhingtoo, Hay 3, 1876. [FIfty-ODo species eoumeratedj arranftediii thirteen geners, tIs :— £u&a{tdUAy«, JcU^^roftui, Carpiodet, Og^eptui, PantosUm, Catoitomua, OhatmittM {gfiu. nor.), frimyzon, iftnyttvmo, Jfysv- Mtoma, Piacopharj/nx, and Quoirilabia.] ' Notes on a Collection of Fishes from the Rio Grande, at Brownsville, Texas. By David S. Jordan, M. D. < Bulletin Hayden'a United States Geological nod Geographical Snrvey, vol. iv. No. 2. Washington, May 3, 1878. [Synonymy and note on Carpiodet tumidu*.] I A Cafalogne of the Fishes of Illinois, by Prof. David S. Jordan. < niinots State Laboratory of Natural History. The Natural History of Illinois. Bolletin No. 3. Bloomington, lU., June, 1878. [Twenty-tbree species ennmerated, with notes ; these are arranged in nine generm.] FORBES (a A.) The Food of Illinois Fishes by 8. A. Forbes. < BulleUo of th« Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, No. 2, 1678. [Valoable notes on the food of OatottomidcB.} JORDAN (David Starr). Notes on a Collection of Fishes firom the Rio Graode, at Brownsville, Texas, continued. By D. S. Jordan M. D. < Hayden's Bolletin of the Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, vol. iv. No. 3. Warti- ington, Jnly 23, la78. [Remarks on the probable Ide&tl^ of Oarptodu gravi and letMnu tumtdtu with OarpMm cj/priniu.} Catalogue of the Fishes of Indiana, in Article Pisoioulture (by Alexander Heron). < Twenty-seventh Annual Report of the Indiana State B<Nhrd of Agri- culture, 1877. Volume XIX. Indianapolis. 1878. [Twenty-two species enumerated, referred to ten genera.] JORDAN (David Starr) 'and BRA7TON (Alembert ^inthrop). On the Dis- tribution of the Fiubes in the Alleghany Region of South Carolina, Georgia and Tennessee, with Descriptions of New or Little Known Species. By David 8. Jordan and Alembert W. Brayton. < Bulletin of the United States National Museum, No. 12. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1878. [Kotee on nomeroos species.] JUtttbaanhoa 71 161, 157 ( lkil«OMuia) • 83 (Ctloostomo*) 24 A (Cbologutor) 64 (Mytmtoiua) 130 (Auiiuras).... b7 dhMiM (Pt> eho^tomas) W^ iCtTTttiltrs) 1*^ AlbuttifM, ttbam .T'lv. albn .)-- 27,86, 102, 117, laci 10,10, 30. 04, 73, UU ixmiomoA) 130 is) 20U -ttomoH} 109,167 "M*'*) 8& «ltiuiJi'j)<aiK-bcli;a). 102,200 Al««nUM 12,f>fe,7a,H8 (Alboniopt) 36, ti5 (HyboiMdii) 10 <HjI)opei«bnd0OoiiM} 36 All, 213 AsU4apllU» 4U, 40, GO, 75, cJO ^l»tvpn (Crrsltchlhfs) 7!) AaWjH^U «> MMTlMftii (Vvm) 63 (t'^lillw) K« lc&DBa<h'oUuulgunna). 24, 38 70,90 70 ,..*j, 33, :fil, 44,56,70,81,90 „... 90 4—iimnn< 69 ■iitiimi— (Plirttojjrt.i^) iW, 70, 64 AbcbUU 'Ji*. ;i:i, ;tu. 4-1. 53. 70. 81, 90 UftOUda liU, Xl. 3U. 44, 65. 70, HI (CBtontoaiua) 100, I9f> (M/xcMtum*) 86, 1 '', !: . i.l-J (C»lo*tocDU«)...100» 110, r^>, IJ2 (MAKOMtOOM) 132. 146 inw iPtynlioBtomui)..... 133 iru* ,T.-tT-tnl,>.) ^,,^^ 133 <L«)...««.«*..*. 133 Apuuiotm 76, 89 arjf^opDA (CatOHtnuiaa) ...160, 173 ardeUfl (LyrliruniH) 78,*') argimttiUB (AiiiuiiK-u<tcB) tf7 uigyritiii (Hybugualbus) 16,84 (Uiiaticiu((;an'>u<ltiii) 10'.', 217 wiaticns (Myxocyprinoa) 10*2,217 aapru (AlvurdiUH) 58 A(bctriuiilffi 61, 76 atheriQoidea (Nutropis) . 64, 7d atrUutuu ( <ICyguuuct«s) ....... H4 ■UipiiiuiH (ArliuuJ 73 atripinnia (Ulucentrti) 73, 6i itrooafeuti (Khinichthye) iSG Biiruiitiacu6(llaUrupteruB) 58, 62 anreolu (Moxoetoiuu) ]SS aaroolum (Moxuatoraa) IS5 aureoluin [M.v][oatoaia)..lOO, 101, IIG, 1*24 aurouluHC^'ut(Mtuiiiii8)...]00, 1*24, 125, 1(37 aarcolua (Ptycbosiomaa) 1£5 aureus (Eiipoiuuliti) 15 auritU8(Lcpiopotuasj 15, 36, 40, 63 aurora (Aoodiuh) 176 aurora (Catoatuiuue) 101, 176 tuirdli (FutamucoltuH) 62 bartlntt (MtDomuH) 184, 186 banloa (FautoeteUH) 164 beroanliui (Cutoutumue) ...... ...lOS, 172 bigatlatUH (C«rutiohrbjB].. 96, 3:1,38, 43, G&i, 7i), 86 bison (Carpiodcft) 60, 86, 101, 104, 107 blnnnioiUcH (Diirlcaium) 58,73,^2 bleuniuUk-H (Klbt-'oatoma) 58 Udlblubthya ■l^,ii> &»lwi*oma 13, 34, 58. 75. Kt iHJinbilJvuii (Lopiopomua) 64), H3 bouiiaua (liulmlioblbys; 101, 200, 2U buAtuuiuu»ui(Catoatomu«) 100, 166 br«victtp«(Moxontoma) 1^ breTiC(}pb(Myxo(ftuua) 137 S31 I bT«yic«ps (PtycbosComna) 102, 127 breviceps(Ter6tulu8) 127 brevipinoc(Boleo8omA) 58 branDt'ua ( Aiuiuroa) . ..Sd, 39, 44, 67 Bubftlirhtdyinas S)9 BubaIichthyB..&&, 09, 9l>, 104, 201, 203, ?05 bnbahuuM (Bubulicbtliya) 103, fiOfi btibalns (Amblmloa: 211, 214 bubalua (lJribrtlicbthy»)..ini, 102,205, 200 bulmUm (Catoetomiis) 100, 2(H\ 214 btibuliiti(lchthyobu8).er>, 10(», 101, 102,214 buccata(Encymba) t^ bucco(PtycboBtomna) 102, 133 buuco (Teretuliis) 133 ballariB (Semotilus) @0 URlliiKiuia (Cudooia) 37,65 C»lliaema (Kpisenm) 37 calliatia (Codoma) 60,H5 oaUtatiiM (Pboto|pDia) 50 calva (Auiia) 70,^ compbt-lli (KriDiyzoD) 140 oaiuitbelli (MoxtMttoma) 101,146 Cwupofttoma 16, 43. 49, G3, 77, 90 o&niDra (Valllautia) 89 camutus (Notbuuutus) 74, H2 oiuiadense (Stizo6t«thinm) 63 csprutles (Pcrcina) 45, 57, 73, 83 oarinatns (Placopbftr7Dx)..69,H(;, 102, 107, 108,109 <»rpio (CarpioaeB) ,. ..86. 100. 102. ia>.200 oaqiio (Cut^ist^nnm) 100, 101. 1 Its, 200 oorpiu <ItiUlbyubua) 200 carpio (Moxuetoma) 119 ou-tno(Myxo«toma) 101.115,118,119 oarpio (PtyoboBtumni)) 118 Oiirpiu (TeretultiM) 119 Carpioaes. ... 55. 09, fO, 90, 190, 193, 201, 217 eoteoatum (Xoniama) 62,77,84 Catotttuinuln ... 26. 33, 3t!, 43, 54, 68, tiO, 97, 9ti,103 CfttosiomtDCB 9if CatMlomns 27, 33, 54, 69, dO, 103, 110, 136, 140, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, IbO, 201, 219 oatoBtoniusCCypnntu) 166,175,19a oato»tuuiuH(Pbruiu3obiDa} ....•...••...&3 oavifrnus (Ambloplites), ..-••.*..«, tSS Ci'ulnirvbiUio 15,30, 35. 40, 46, 60,75 Coutrarchos.. 36, 47, 89 wpediufttim (Donisonia) 19, &i C«nitirhlly». ..24, 32, 38, 43. 53. 67, 79, 90 oerviunni (Moxostoma) 129 oeniimai (Uyxoatoma).. SO, 33, 38. 43, m, 102.117,129 i cervinoa (Ptychostomna) 129 oerrlnUB (Teretultw) 10!>, 129 ChfflDDbrylttM 15. 35. 46. 60, 60 Cbnainivftn 103.149,150.219 cbinticus(Hydropblox) 8S chloriatia (Codoma) •...,... fil,i cblurvccpbolue (Albarnops) 19, BfiJ cblorocephalQA (Hybopaia) .-,...„. tm cbluraptcrou (Culotftuiaaa) 102, 107 1 Cbulogastor 99' ChrottoDiaii ..... C'l, 7J^ 90 obruBomas (HybopBia) 49 cbrD(H>niuH (Hydropblux) 49, €5 obrywjcblorifl (Puiuolobiis) I>2. 77, 84 ^ cbryaokucns {Not4*uigonuB).....53. 67, 79 H obryM}p9(Uoc«uti) .......,, 8S oiuerea (KlbtKwtoma) ............. 59,83 clorki (C^tostotdtu) 159. 165 clarki (Miuomu^) 10( o]aviformu((KnmyKoii> 145 clavlformia (Moxoittoina) 101, 148 CliuoHtoimm 24, OS Clnpt;i(lib 63,77 coccogenia (Laxilua) 31, 64, Itt Codoma 20. :T7, 43.50,90 ocnilea (Cwlouift) 8( cffira]ca(ErogaIaj 51 collapans (Ptycbotftotuud) 102, 132 oomuenooi (CAtuBtouiw)...27, 6V), SO, 9&t 100, 10ft coium«nonien (LeCyprib) 100. ItK comuiauU (CatuHtomuB) 80, liKt, 106 congetita ( My xo*itouiu } 133 congvstum (MyxoHtoutt) 101, 118, 133 COUglVlttlK (CutUHlOIUUtt) 133 congeBtUB (PlycboBtomuB) 190,133 oongcgtiiH (Terotnlus) . IttS copulutidi (UhLHK-rypta) 09 Coptliiiidia to Con^onna 89 coro|{atiua (MyxoHtoma), 26, 86, 102, 11», 134 oorej{unnB (Pcycfaoatomiu) UR!, 134 cornntna(Luxila8) 4U, 64, 7H corporalis CSemolUaB),86.38, M, <Vi. 80, 86 ttODii«(MyxnfltA(na) 86, lii2, 116, 146 ooDUB (PcjoboalomiM) lOVy OS oonuB (Tvrotuluii) CotUdai 47,57,73 cfa8S)lubro(Myxu(iloiua)..86, 102, Mfs l^^ croaailabriti (PiycboBtomus) hH, VtH oraMllabria (Tvrolulna) crartauB (Alvurdtue) ...«.• craiwoB (Eaok) Ctialivoteer © I r Pag«. 70 .80, m, 109, IM, 195, 196 qFVMiln*(Apomoliii) 7(), 811 ^ubUw {BabaliohtbjBj BO ipadhu <lchthyoba») , 1012, *20G CidiViuui*. ^ CycMw eo. dO, 104, 136, i^, lan tffho (Uax) *- 84 CffvlnclU 90 t$i tliyoli(u) 214 CJT- i.To^nttlhiu) 214,315 Cxi«i«i»a» I«, ai, 3«, 41, 4U. 63,77 C7KUiodoatiU« 31. 48, &1, 77 Cnrtnat , 140 9priMa (Ovpiodw) 56, 8(1. 101, 102. 195, 198 cjyrieai <C»to8tomaa) — «,.-.„ 100 TpdstM (Labeo) ^.. IIW lypt^ ' 7 rujpiftthna) 197,108 4llM ;i<Kle«) 1U9 Dau'tylui l&l, 164 DHwUni^rliui ^ 161, 158, 159 driplubiu (Mioomas) 102, IHA Mphiou*> ^PnrilmttiiM). .......... 184 ai^l^Aan hia) 84 £flannb ; pt) 36,109,104,195 Itfanoto aciittiyobo*) *....»..... 196 tu (Nolroplit). .«.••••.,«..... S& a* (HotMpiv) .......,*•••... 85 58,73,88 aMotolM(Catoiitomiu) 103, ICi, 17'.> Doffwiani 49.03,77,90 DaRiKiciatlda> 41*. 63, 77 ilit.. -^ccteM) „ 64 Ib^ r attcbth ja) 07, 79, 80 U a-atoetainaa), 100, 100, 121, 1*^9 i\ iMoxontoiXM) 121 T) (Myx<wtocna niucrulopidu- noD) eo, 100, lai teqDflmil (MyxovUmiJi), 43. &4, 08, 8U, U5. 130, 124 ^■BMiU rrt^clifMrtomiu) ^ 121 AdVOmiuI (Tvfvtaliu) 121 CkMm* 89 (HolciehtfajR) , . 45,83 ( ChIcmUhuuii) ... 146 •Ukwm * • ^ ^101,145 ii)...M......... 70, cr7 vWc^t- 85 trlooc*! )....«.... 100, IttI •i^ twj,aO, 60,100, IHO, 190 ^ 101, 140 »' -^niitliM) 189 V 80 Itfanol iat\ P»(ce. fBoIeiflbthyB) 83 Bpiaema 64,90 Ericofiroa ....... Ericy mba .— — .— — .... ...... ... 90 Erimyeoo, 27, 38, 43, 54, flO. 80, 90, 103, 136, 140, 143 Erofifala '-W orythrogaBter(Cbros*omnB) 65,79, 85 erjrtUrurriB (Calo8toiuii») ,,..100, 121 cr>thrnm» (F^tychoatoma*).. — .. 121 ftiTthrnras (Teretolua) 131 E^die 16, 36, 49, 03 «sopu6 (CatoAtomnfl) .............. 146 o»pas(Labeo) 101, 146 Mtor(OUa) 6*S"9 E»x 16,36,43.62.89 EtbeoBloma 15, 40,59. 75, 89 EthcjoatoratttidiE.... 12, 30, 34,40, 16,57,73 etowaiiam (Hypeutelinni) ^6 otowanoB (CatOBtomuu nigricans), 54, 1&9, 163 Enoalia .^.......h...***....*... 89 Eaiwraotis 16, 46, 61, Bfl miryops (Myxostoma),54, 86, lOa, 115, 119 euryops (Terelolaa) 119 earydtoma (Codoma) 49; 66 earystomus (Pbvtogouia).— • 43 Dvidott (Eriocmuia) 82 ttxilifl (No:nriu) 87 fixogloBtum 90 faacialut) (CaUwtomns) 101,138 fa»nioIari6 (Catwtoioas) UHJ, 145 fwuudua (Calofltoumii) 102, 150, 3l» focundas^ChaamiBteii) 102, l&U Oabellare (Ethtioatoina) 15.59,75,83 flabellatus (Cutuootiw) 15 tlammoos (Plioxinnfi) 65,85 fltsxnoNnH (Catotitomus) ....lOO, 166 foltam (Polyodon) 71,81,87 fc»ntinali»(8«lvoliim9) 16,31,63,84 fbrmofta (Codonia) ......».«-. 43^51 formosas CAlburuna) 4S fbniCeriaDnu(AcopiU8) 167, 176 foretorianaa CCalo«tomns)...lOU, 101, 167, 176 freteDBia (Albarnops) ^ Funduhw 89 fQrcatu8(Icbtbft'lurur*) .-.- 8? galactanis (IlyxMitlepla) ^ galaetiti-us (Photogt'iiiB) ........32, 64, 78 GambuHia «..— ...... ttO genGTOdUfl (Aconius^, .... -- 183 gouer<>aaH(C:itostoiiiuB) 102, 173, 183 gonero»ue(PanUwUmH) 102, 1H2, W3 glbbtwaa (CatoaUHuiu),...« U*0, 145 I I J 234 INDEX. [ibbootuCLttlwo).... 145 EU a4.6ri,79.90 Mnirdtautt 89 eoodei(Eriinvzon) 103, 14-1, 148 gracilis (CutoHtomas) ...lUI, 107 grand i pi ti Ilia { I^hotogenis) 42 gmyi {Cftrpiodeaj lOA 199 grimmi* (Acoiiiim) 17(i gruuDieiia ( llaploidoDntun} 47, CI, 76 gnluBtui (CbuMiobryltoa) 46, 60, 83 gnttntuB (F^rcopsid) . — 84 gnttata9(Z}'gODecte«t) 4tily 9i gnzmauioaHia (Acomns) ........... 176 gnzmaaioaiiU(Catc»torous) ......102, 17H Htulpoplunw 30, 34, 40, 45, 58, fl8 IliiploidoDotBa 47.61,70,89 bnydcni (Ptycbostomau) 101, 13H baydcui (Teretulus; 138 Fleiiiioplittis — ... — d9 nemitwMiilA 65, 79, 90 lictorodon (Henjittomia) 65 bMumrofu {DoroHomaocpedlikDnna). 49, 77 bleroKlyi^^'cna (Zygonooteit) ... 48, 84 blrndo (.\inmrvc«Btea).... 87 Huddoniaa 19,36,90 bodaoDiiia (CAtostomiia). 100, lOn, 175, 176 bj-ftliniM {Oraticbthya) 53. R-^ HjbogDftlhQB 10, 90 Hyborhyiiobas 6:(, 78, 90 Hydrflpblox ,. 16, 33, 36, 49, 64, 90 Hylomyzop ...- IDl, 156 Hyodon 48,62, 77, «9 HycxlontUIn) 4tf,G8, 77 Hypeat«liiiin 151. 154, 155, 157, 158 bypiieIopt«riiH (ti«no)fwnn)......... 42 hypfl1notn8(C(iratichUiys)...... ....... 95 Ichtha>laniB 33,39,43,55,69,81.90 Ichthyolms 90, 104,SI1, 313, *i1 1 Ictiobua 211,913 Imoatomii 88 incotiatjuis ( Euoilia) 83 li»ariptuB(NvtbonotUd) 34.83 inKriptQft <Xonolis) 46, til, 83 iosigiie (CnloAtouma) 105 iDaig»iii(Catoaloinus) 101, 159, 165 ioalgDia (Uinomus) 105 inaignia (Noturuit) 99, 87 iuternipti»(Morono) 6^) loa 88 irideua (CentTftn^him) ............. 47,83 lacbaniia (Notenti^un*).... .... 84, 38 iacbyrua (lelitliyobus) 102.915,^17 i«cbyrtin (l^ti*>'M*"tun8) 83 Jnrrovti ^MiiHHnii«) lOS, 1@3 Jorrovii (PiuitoeUjaa).....;^...... 183 Je8S(a;(P(£C)llchthyB) 59. 1< keoDorlyi (Moxoatoma) 101. V Labeo 140, U Ubiatna (Catostomna) 16(). 1' LabideatbL's 61,76, lAhroAui (Ceralicbtbys) 8S,I lacera (La;<;ocbtIa) 68, 103, M iMCura (Qtiawiliibfa) 68, lacortoaaa (Hydropblox) lacLiymat') ( Myxoatoma) 109,115^' lacbrymalis(Myxo»tomB dnqnesDti). 190 lacbrynialifl (Myxottoroa mwrolo- pidota) UO lacbrytnalUi (rtychMtoniaii) 102, ISO lacbrymalis (Tftrvtalna) 190 lactarina (Aoomox) . Itctarina (Cotoatomaa) 10:0,1? lacuulria (Lota) LagiH-biln ....104,11 latipinDia (Acoiuua) V latipiunifl (Catoatofuna) . . 101, 102, 169, r Lopidoateidffi 2i*, 44, 55,71, y] Lepid08t«a8 29, 44, Tm, 71, 81, Lepiopomua 15.30,40, 40,60,76, leplueaQtbuA (Noturos) 44, 'i5, leauourii (Catoatomaa) 100, leuciuda (Epiaoina) 64, lencopa ( Photogpnia) leacopna (Pbotoguoia) 41, B4^ limi(Mclumira) 84 lineclatnni (Rtlicoatoma) 8S lioma (ChasmicttoA) ... 919 lirua (NotropU) 53, 65, PS Lilbolopia 90 longicepe ( Hybopais) longirofltria (Catontomiw), 86, 100. lOSt, IGla r loDgiroetrmn (CatoatomnB) 100.17( Lot* iDitatua (Rbluicbtbya) 1atipiDDifl(nydTDpblox} 30v' Luxibia 18,31.49^04,70^1 lytbrochloria (Xenotia).. ,...,..., LytbruTDH T8t' mnnniocpbAlna (Alvordiaa) .. ...... niacroobiIiu(Caioat.ADiiw).. ..109, lOO^ maorochirns (LopiopoDCtot) ........ maorolnpldnta (Myxoatoma)....... maerolepidotnm (Moxoeloma) ISOJ mauroIepidolDin • i I, 69, M)^ Hrt, 1 .120, irn . , .... niN •, 100, 190^ 19SJ mat^uli 1 !»).... 13 mooropu tOO^i in ■'■ -nUjHam) 163 >r iroliiu) 36, d3 i) 13 •tuina) 13,34 68, ai w- .) 13 lit- 53,73,82 ... -i 68 iMaiboDotiw) &t i^Aetpenau) 71, 87 (Ciuovtomas} 100, USA (Pwcintt) d2 (Eobeaeautliua) U3 ■tfclavuw (Kotonu) 2U ta* (Aiuiuraa)..... 39,87 - ^ •- M «5 uMiin) eo »t>» i^'Tx.u^j 70, 83 (Ckloaluiutts) 100. 103 ' ua)...37, lUU, 13(), Ut8 u) 27, 13:S iUtu>Uomik). 27, &4, 4il>, bO, dG, 100,101,137, 13<5 oonift) VS6 le*) 84 (CaIohUhuiw) I'M nitM tii) tilui) 100, Wl ^.>>ui<i.a'«). ...... ........... 87 ^khinicblhjB) 86 ■m^kmlti LBubaUcIitbyB)..lO-^ '206,210 ^TMinniilii 1.1'iiliiiinrnrTiin) 17, 07, 73, q2 lU (,t>cl«rognuttuu) :^10 iiBiitw ea 89 .I&,3U,3&,40,46,GO,7&,09 r&(Noivo(Mft) Go, 7U, 85 in* (Alburuup*) (VI, 78, Ho (Minniltui) t>4 LM, 107, IbO, 181 MliftlMM-.-/?.^ (&. no, 90, 103, 130, 137 ■toiMiyo»ttn») 87 IMUvtM^M 89 ibna (C«niUvhtbyft) 67,d6 no, 113, lU, 130, 140, 142, 143 liiM 104,217 , 90, 33, 38, 43. 64, 68, 80, UO, 10;t. 110, 113 CBMnMnhy^) 80 65,70,81,87 , 85 u) m {At- -..,—. 300 <Aa«ian»>» 87 (lliitotliilitL»B) 8U9 ntger (Cittoetomiu} 2CU nigre8ccD8(Cyclept08) 100, 18(1, 190 niH^oaus (Ainiarus)...... 81, 67 uiicrtcaiis (Catodtomiis), 3:1, 54, 09. 80. 100, 101, 158, 159, 162, 103, 167 nigricans (Hylomyzoa) 16^ Digricana(nypenteliuiu) 46, 102, Uhl aiKTo£uciatui»(l]adropt«rati) ...30. 34. 40, 4.'/, 82 Digromacalataa(Poiiiox}rs) 47,76 DlvelveDiii« (Aniioriu). ...... . 87 mvons (PbotoguuiB) £0, 85 Dotatiis (Hylwrbynvhiw) 63, 78, 84 Dotattia (XyatropUtca) 01,83 uoULuH (ZygODectes; 62, 77, 84 NoUniiigoDU* 24, 38, a3, C7, 79, 90 Nothonotaa 13, ;i4, 58, 74, 89 Nolropia 23, 53, 04, 7H, 90 nottii (ZyKonectes) 31,48,84 Notnnis 29,44,55.70,90 uiiclialiB (Uyboguathas) 84 niiuitiiitcr (,Carpio«le») 102, 200 ocoideotalia (Catostoiuna) .. .101, 100, 172 obloDgUH (CypriDus) 27, 100, 140, 145 obloujijuB (Krimyzuu) 100, 145 ublou^us (La1itH>) 145 oblont^UN (MoxiMtonia) .. ...... 145 oblou^ns (Turetulas) 146 obncunia (Lopiopouius) 46, 60,76, h3 obtusua (Uhlnicfatbys) 54,67, 86 oblont^iia (Catoatouiua) 145 olivftria (Polodichthya) 70, 81, 87 olniaUtdi (Boleoboma) 13, 92 oneiila(CaUMtoaiu») lul, 120 oaeidu (Plyohostomua) 120 uweos (Ltipiil(Mteaa)..29, 44, 55, 71, 81. &7 palUiliLs (CatoetocDua) lOl, 167 pallidua (Euponiotta) . .....46, 61, ^^ pnlliduB (Lopio[M)mii8} .. .40, 46, lU), 76, 83 pallid tiH (Micrt>pt«ro8), 15, 40, 46, 60, 75, 83 Pautoaioua 103. UO, 181 papilloaa (Myxuatoma) 134 papilloaum (MyxuAtouia}.. .26, 38, 8^>, UfH, 118. 134 papUloeDm (PtyoboatomuB) 102, 134 papillosutD (Toretulus) .• 134 pcllaoidus (PleurolepU).... 83 Pelodichtbya. . 70. 81, 90 peliaitlvs (Xenotia) 83 Perca 88 Parcldas 46, 60, 75 Peroina , 45,53,73.88 Parnopaia- 69 Phenacobius 53,117,79,90 PliotogenU lb, 20,32, 41, 64,78,90 236 INDEX. pbotoKeniti (NotfOpis) 23, 65, 85 pliotof;eniH (^quaUoa)....... ...... IE) PhoxiniiR 65,00 pUoxoc«<pb^ut) (Alvordios) 73, 82 pi(Iu*utjiH{My3:0(itomft) dG, 118, 133 piclieti&ifi vl't^'Cbostomus) 133 pitliuuHiti (Tcrutultu) 133 PinjophnhB 78, 00 pinnigrr (^EnueucanLhus) 63 Piufopharyni 60,90, 103,107 placioepB ( CutoBtomos) 163 plulycephalns (AQiiunisJ 2ft, 33, 87 platycepbalDK (Pimelodus) ^ plslyrbyncbus ^Minonitui) 103, Jd3 plat>Tbyncbne(PuntO(iteu9)..l@0, 180, 183 plutyi hynobnR (Scaphfrhynohopa). . 87 pUty»ituuiiis (LepidoBteiu) 71,87 plt:buin» (Ciitotitomas) .. ...... 101, ]$4 pleboinn (Minoniu.s).. .»...*. 184 plobHiuH (PaDlost«n8) 103, IHi, IM plob^jui} iCutotttomaB) 184 Pipcilichthys 59,75, 89 ptrciliiru (Myxostoma) 103, 116, 1^ Polywlou V- 71,81,90 PolytxUmtidaj 71,81 PouioKibns 02,77,90 pomutiii (Acambarcbiu) 83 PomoxyB 47, 7fl, 89 Potaniiwottos 47,57,73,88 prolixnm (Campontoma auonialum) 16, 49,63 promeloa (Pimepbultw) 78, 84 prori>;or(Giltt) - 8S PlyehoHtomaB 110, 113, lU, 136 pnnc'tatnH (IehthiBlania)..33, 39, 43,55, 69, 81,87 puDotiilata (Micrnperca) 83 pypi>,Ta (M'llanura) .. 84 P\gOS!t*J18 _ 89 pyrrbuiiit^lafl (Codoma) 99,85 pyrrhoiuclas (PhotogeniB) 23 QanuBilubia 68,90. 103. 104, IW, 100 rani:hlt (Icbthyoboa) SU, S15 rftveneh(Esoi) 16, 4?^, 84 i'elIcnlatiu(Cfpriniu(CatoBtoraafl)) 166 n.>tiriilat.n»(E«ox) Ifl, 30,48.84 retropiiinlfi(CatOHtomus) 161, 178 Klit'ocixpta ■..-"-.. 68 Itbiiiicbtbya . .....,^^.^ 54,67,90 niiylitliwitorons ...-*.; 186, 187 robnfttnB(Ic!)lbyoljnB)-.-v... --.-...- 87 robubluft (PtYcli(Nitiiui«m)'-..k i^.... IVO robuhtan (TcretahiK) ISO rtwtaiUH (CatDstonma)..;^. 174 rtwtratos (Cyprions) 174, S16 mbellaa (Notrapls) . nibicnndo8(Aciprin9er). 71, mbricrocena (Hybopnu) rubrlcnwnua iHydntpblox) 39,64, Tubrifron9(CL>ratichthj8) .. .32, 3(^ mbrifronB (Noconin) 30,38 nibrlfiroDB(Nutr(v]n9) ....* S raBUneatns (Nc^tbonotna) 66,81 rnpeatria ( Ambloplitw) . . .40, 46, 00, 75, 88 8n]taoides(Micn7pU^U8)..:U}, 3'*i, 10, 46^ aalmoueinn (Sliiioat«(faiUBi)..,4ft,00,T\1 BAlmonens (Ewix) Salmonids .....16, 31^ aaladanaa (Albormipa) • I6f ' Salvelinire 16,31,0^1 flangQitlnmt (Notbonolaa) 75^ > aaufniiuol*^^'* (Xeaotb) 31,46,61, sayauuft (Aphododerua) 41, 47, i scabrir«i>H{Epfsemn) Bcapbirhyncbopa Scwnidie 47, fil, Sclorognatbofl 190, 193, 201, 'JU'i. 21 aoopiforaB(PhoDaoobina) aelpiie (UaqMuths} lOlt, Buleuopti (Ilyodou) <W, thl, 77, Somotilna 26,38,43,54,1^,00,1 Bbnmarrlit (Itnaaionia) mcculnn(l>abid«s(he0) 0t| Slluridic 28, S3, :»» 43, 5G, 0P, afmotonim (Diplealain) 58^7^1 ■iiuulaiiM (HL'iiiioplites) .... ....... apatala (Ijitholepis) apcctabilis (PoLTilicbthys) spt'i'trrninnhin (AlbiirnopB) Ill, apeln^ua CAuiblyupsis) f(iibt4!rranens ( Tjiiblicblhys) auc4^tla (C'utOAti.iniiis) . . 1 anct^tiA ({.'yprinns) 'S 8t»c«tta(ErimyK»n),ST,33, t 100, 101, 1S8; 144, U sTic«Uu(Moxo«toam) -., U sorf^ita (Tert'toluB) . K snckley] (CatoBtotnuB) U anckitt (Catofltomns) Wt,U HiiperciliuKnndlyborbynehoa) ftqTi»nnc!«>pd (Ktheoatoma) Btclliforam (XenUnia) -VH, ■tif;u)iC4V (BoUMjKnma) - . ati;vmjca ([Jlocpiitra) BtiKiontnra (CfMloraa) .. ■tiguiatnnm (Hrot<i«,5cn?a) ...,. RtlltMti'i I'Nfttropisj S in il^iiO.TSr^ at ' i.ibv-i^buB) ....» ..14lf ESIffX 1 vAUMIMfB} ?tf (CinmnMi) lis Mcorii (Crprinvft} l.L nearii (Cypffiaaft <rni— ■■■. .... 1^ naohi (PtjcboMomw) L£S Mnirii(Tcn»lBB) V£ UhoMUB (Cmomobw) 161. ir> Taaridcft ^ (BafattUehthjm) 5a. -Jl6 (Cacpiodes) 101. et» (NotrapM) ^ 7?, *C> Iwe (Mornrtnuw) 101. 1-16 tainU (Erimrxoo) 146 tarn (CatMtomiis).. 100, 101. 102. 159. 166 TcflMolu llOi 113, 114, 140 (FbeDaeobiiu) ^ (Hjodon) 77,54 twitUato (Etlieortoma) 59, €3 TatniKonoptenu S9 tazuras (Catoatoams) 103, 1G7 tihalawDa (Myxoatoma) 131 ttalaauDnm (Uyxoatoma) ....86, 117, 131 ttalaauona (NothoDotoa) 13, 6fi tkalamniM (Ptychoatomna) 10^ 131 thalaHiona (Tetetolos) 131 tfaovpaoDi (Carpiodaa) 101, 195, 196 thoapaooi (lehthyobna) 198 tbonaviaDna (Semotiloft) 43 ThTmaUoa 80 tikaii (Catoatorona) 101, 174, 218 tnehroiatia (Codoma) 50, S> TViKlopais 88 ttinffoatam (Erimyxon) 166, 167 triaignatam (Uoxoatoma) 103, 167 tabcrcnlatoB (CatoatomoB) 100, Ma tamidoft (Carpiodea) 101,199 tamida* (Icbtbyobna) 199 Typblichthyi 80 rioeantra 45,73.88 Cnaidca 88 araoopa ( Pbeoaoobioa) 67,79,86 anw (Balalichtbya) -.69, 87, 101, 206, 209 arai (Carpiodaa) 101,201,209 (Sclerognatbiia) 206 T*Ma c»;tol«m» ViL^irii,'. Tmzk^'dKla A*-Jk' T«^A ^M«,-XiM40CCJt TitUrA .Mvx.'vUKiia^ Telainm vTeivCDlu*^ i:^ T«Ia:a» J^Tcbt>»t«>oiu»> U%.\ 1^ vclaio* ^Tc-rviulaa^ 1.^ T*iir<r vC*r|»iod*»^ :^v. liU,. W T«Ufrr vCaUi»loiuu«^ UV. I A* velifrr vlclhyobu*) UV» Tiotoria> ^Moxtwtuum^ **7. Uv^^ vir«sc«U0 ^Pautwleuv^ U*"*. 1?^^} viridw v*-^l»*o*»l*ry<*"*) ***« •'''» ■'*** \iintk vloa) •*■* TitrvuDi ^StizoBiotbiiiui) U'.S^t TittatavHtMuitmuia) 6.'*, T9, S'» vittatUB (CatOHtoiuuB) UK', UCt Titutus (BubaltcbthyH) 'Ml TituloB (Carpiodvn) HU valgnris (Auguillu), 31^ 'X\ :t9, 44, ;t.\ 70, valDeratuB (NotlioiiotuH) r»H, ^\* wincbelli (CentnirohuH) iu\, OtS, H(i winctielli ( lly bopHiH) W xu*DOCopbaIu8 (Uydmpblnx) -ll* xtuuoctipbalua (liyboiMm) 49 xiuimra (Cuduiiiu) '.>7| K'» xu;ouru(t (MinniluH) 'M xaotbocupbuluH (AuiluriiH) H7 xautbopuB (CHt4Mt4>iiiuH) Ut;t XeuUnia '1^, iW, "7, hu XcnotiB :U, 46, 61, 76, K» XyHtmpliteH I>1, hU yarro wi (PuiitoHt«iiH) I Kl zaneiiius (CorutiubtbyH) 21, h; zouultB (NoihuiiutuB) .V, r'.j ZyRODeclea 31, 4h, *W, 77, M'J ^9pavim9ni of fhe 3Snfevior: U. B, NATIONAL MUSEUM. 13 BULLETIN OF THE WTEI) STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. N"©. 13. PUBLISHED CNDEa THF DIRECTION OP THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITTTION. WASHINGTON: aOYEBNMENT PBINTINQ OFFICE. 1879. THE FLOEA or ST. CROII AND THE YIRGIN ISLANDS BY :^^AJRON H. F. A. EOQERS, WASHINGTON: OOTEBNHSNT PBIKTING OFFTCi:. 1879. ADVERTISEMENT. This work is the thirteeuth of a seiies of papers intended to illustrate tke oullectious of natural history and ethnology belonging to the tnited States, and constitating the National Museum, of v,\nch the fliithsonian Institution was placed in charge by the act of CongreRS of JUgiwt 10, 1S46. It has been prepared at the request of the Institution, and printed by atbority of the honorable Secretary of the Interior. SPENCER F. BAIRD, Secretary of the Smithftoniun Imtittttion* Smthsoxiai* Institution, WaJihiHfftanj May, 1879. ' the east of the i»\san\ of Porto Rico, between IS^ 5' and 180 4o' N. an<l 04<> «V rtinl Cr>^ 35' W. long., Ktretclies a dense cluster of .some - - -nil ntuneroird snuiller islands for a distance of about 8^ miles, .!<?! Vnown by the uauie of the Virgin Islands. The jirinripal landA arc Vieques and Cnlebra, belonging to Spain, St. Thomas and St. belonging to Denmark, aiid TorUihi, Virgin Gorda, and Anegjuhi, - - r^vr tf) Kngliiod. The snperfidal area of the larger islands ia only \o lO square mile^, whilst the Hmallor ones ai-e njostly uninhabited tM, or even rocks, some of which are neai-ly devoid of vegetation, tha t-Une of them all l»eing sinuous, and fonning numerous small l)ays crcok«* The wliole gi-ouj) is evidently a submarine pi-olongation of 'UOfUitmim of Porto Itieo, showing its tops and higher ridgois above luT<*l of the sea, the depth of which between the various islands and to Rico is only from (> to 20 fathoms. The declivities to the north a -* f'lth of the ridge on tiie reverse jire very steep, nolM>ttom hav- iind 25 niile^i to Ititr soulh in 200(1 futhom.Sf and <S(Mniles tu the Uw? Challenger Expedition found a depth of about 3.S50 fathoms, grvAtest vver mi.'asuivd in the northern Atlantic Ocean. Tbi» greateat height in the Archiiwlago Is attained in its central part, ThomiM reaching up to 1550', Tortola even to ITSO', St. Jim and Iq^i Gorda b<*hig a little lower, whilst the hilla in Vieques and Cule- to ibft w««l, are only 5tKl'-tW0' high, and Anegada, the northeiunteni- [itvSiMuiish name, ih(.'innnclated,imi»lies, merely a low or half- iflland, nlevated but a few feet over the h^vel of the sea. The ritml i-slaodft, therefore, present the nppeai>ance of a steep ridge, pre- IpitoiuOy Klopiug to tlio north and the south, and cut ni> by numerous 1, 'iiii, heavy rains arc the beds of xmall torrents, but i-: ithout running water, and which at their h)wrr end ■ small l«vel tractA on the sea-coast, often forming a lagoon on y*. Between these level tracts the coust is usimlly xc" i;uu. :Mit. Mus. No. 13 1 l 4 FLORA OP ST. CROnC AND THE VIBGIK I8LAKZ>S. tioM niid rocky, forming uhnipt proinontori^ of ooii8idcraU« h4 titid picturesqae iip]>eurunee, tLe liills and ridges <m the oUip t Ix'ii)^ nifut: roiiuded and uf a softer otitUne. Tlie wbol<^ group of inlaiuls, with tlie exception of Ancgada buHt u)i of a tertiary UiucHtono of very recent and probaMy pUo< dati^, iM'loniTH to the uretiiwoiia iK'rio<l,*showiug as tho priucifkul voi breccia i>f fclnito and 8trf)ria<'tH)U8 stOTien, the cementing; part of wj prol)iibly ootisi^tM of di.*<:oinpos<Hl hoiiiblcude. and having its cavj c'omuiouly filled with quartz or calcareous spur. Besidea thU priD(| t'fH'U, which is oftfu found distinctly Ktnitified, and which U ca Ithieliit by the hduibitant*;, who gfnenilly trnjihiy the stouf for buiW niatorialn, limoAtono, diorite, chjy -slate, and other less frntnenl min< aI«o occur in the inlands, forming, however, only a poor snbstmtiu^ vcKt?tation everywhere. For the product of the de(»ni])o(unl roc generally a red heavy clay. Only Vie<ines shows a more fertile .^kh'I, iluci'il by the aUenitiuD of a syenite-like diorite, its more level MirfiM the same time allowing the fertile strata to remain on the surface; w] in the other islands the heavy rains as a rule will wash the loose « Ing of the gnmnd downj to the sea. From various facts observed in Anegada and Virgin Gorda by 81 Bt^hornburgk,^ as well as by Mr. Scott, in Vieques, at Porto Ferro ] it appcoTN tbut at the pretjcnt period the whole chain of islands ivtd^ rising, so that jM'rhnps in a geologi<:;dly speaking not ver>' distant' ujost of the islands may become connected recipixically and wiij^ Rico. H To the south of the Virgin iKlands, at a distance of id>ont 3!2 miliftj between ll'=> 40' and IT"^ 47' N. lat., 0-4'=' 35' and 04*^ W W, long., lii^ iwhind of St. f'roix, geographically eonsidereil an ontlyia*' pai-^ij former group, but separated from it by an immense chasm of n^| •JOOO fathoms, a« slated alwve. This extraordinarj- crevii-e \isw nrffl been fanned at an early p*u'i(Hl, and has in various ifK|>ect8 coqAh materially to isolating the island fiimi its neighliours. ^H St Croix is of about 57 square miles, and hns atrinngular form, witl greatest length, some 20 miles, from east to west, the greatest bre lu-ing iittont T) miles, in the western jiarl of the island, which beq grudiuUIy nanmver towards the east. The coasl-Iine is moix* e and the surface moi'o level than in most of the Virgin Islands, h: 'mg the northern coast and til " I ii N< "n lit. (..old;;} ttf till* Nnl1 ll-<-ast«Ttl Wi-st Iltih.i i-l,;ii'l- FLORA OF ST. CROIX A^D THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 3 rearhftig in mooic x>lace8 aa high as liHO' (^loiuit Eagle), bat •itragiog 4»KH-8(HK Hilly. Hm niok of thctKi hills is nearly the same Q» in the above-named " 'Tioajurh the lihu-bit of this hitU^r occurs mort^ rjirely, und is sub- ' i ;• a tine, trreyiwh, stmtitted clay -slate, witliout vestiges ol* iiny Ifupaii' luuainH. Tlie strnta of this slate are often very much disturbeil, \mm Vt pitwent an excHX'diufjly broken and overturned appeanmee. The '■- - ■. ni piirt, of the islun<l ionns a hirge, slightly inclined plain, I . 'is the south, and interrupted in a few places hy low, short, |«AAnt ridpcea only 200'-30ty high, antl formed of a tertiary lime- of the mioeene period. This lune«tone is covered by a layer of and marls Kome fc^t thick, but shows itself at the surfaeo in iUceJ4, tuid contains several fossils, iiaitly of still existing species tg the eoasta are fonnd some new alhuial formations, often enelos- Qjf Upmuji, some of which are of considerable size. These lagoons are *wa? gradually fiUwl up by vegetable mutter, as well uji by sand aud Jnne* wiuheil down by the rains fmm the hills; but whilst in the Virgin iiy similar higoous have been raised already several feet above iif the Ht'iij and laid con>pletely drj-, no such thing has been ndiu St. Ci-oix. This seems lo uulicatr that lut rising of the gi*ound g ploee iu the latter, an is the case in the former, as n)eut1one<I From its whole Htrueture and furmatiou it may be infen'ed that fertile in SI. Croix than in most of the Virgin IsIaudSy , led, the sugar-caue being cultivated to a cousiderable ex- *<o the ialaud. ^'Hifliit thuii the geology of St. Croix and the Virgin Islands presents Doi tuumi>ortant ditferenees, the climate may^ on account of their d position, as "well as elevation above the sea-Ievelj be Uy the same in both. Inoironlana:^ with the geogniphicjd position of the islands, the temi>era- ii nry confttant nnd liigh, the yearly mean average being 27.2° C, Be ' ■ illy overall the mouths, llieetddest, February, show- 11 i.iuest, SepliTuher, 28.!P, a dill(«n*nee ol' 3.3- only. The ttoifMniiity i» obsenod in the daily variation, which sean^ly ever QPf the theraiometer risiug gnulually from f> a. m. till 2 p. m., dually during the rest of the 21 hours. ^' - '1 temperature at the various seasons of the year •fflali lo atltsrt the life of vegetation to any very iHTceptible ex FLORA OF ST. CnOIX AND THE VIKGIN ISLANDS. tent, and it is therelbre the varmWe degree of raoistnre at dill'orent which chiefly pi-i)dtu:e» any variatiou iu the duvtlopmeut of v life ;»t. the difVt*i"ent seasons. The lowest teuiiK*raturo observed at the sea-level, in the shade, the hij^hest, 3ci.3^. In the stiu, the uiercui'y will souietimeH rise as 5I°f bnt as a rule does not surpass 40^. Obsei*vatioD« mad Thomas by Knox • and myself show u dceifose of about U° for an tion of every 800', which gives to the highest ridges in St. Tho Tortola an annual mean temperature 3j'^-4o lower than that of a difference suiUcient to x»roduce sonie variation ui the flora ])arts. Tlie northern sIoi>e of the hills, from lieing the greatei the year, viz, from August to May, l^»ss exiK>aed to tlie ray« of the i aie generally also somewhat cooler and more moiut than the south ones, the consequences whereof are also felt in the life of plants to ac siderable extent. An equal regularity, as oKserved in tho tenii>oraturo, manifei with regaiti to the pressure of the atnu>Kphere, the daily variatio the barometer being only about 0.05", and the nmxiranm yenrly di enec only 0.2". It is only during strong gidos and hum'eancN that barometer is more seriously aflected, it then fulling sometimes as ID as 2". These hun-icanes, as a nile, m-cur only (luring the months fi August to October, at which p^-riotl the trade-winds fi-om the uorthe which othennse blow most piut of the year, generally become unstei and uncertain. These constant winds, combined with the high t*»mp( tiu*e, no doubt are the reasou why the moisture of the air is compj lively small, being on an average only 73 per cent, of the |>ossible inl miuu, thus exciting a constant evaporation in plants, and rcndcnoj necessary for them to obtain a gr(*ater supply of water thmugh tht^ than in more moist cUniates. I'or this reason u eonsidenible qnanlit rain l»ecomes of the highest importiuice to the vegetable life, att being only form in which plants can obtain a suf!1ciei»t amount of water v< sarj' to their existence, even dew Iwing verj' ran* on account ol winds blowing also during the night tbe greater part of theywi Xcither of the islands in question ia of sufficient elevutiou sea to cool and condense the utmos])htTic moisture brought tnule-wiuti, nor is their coutigurat ion favourable for detaining th their greatest extent being j>arallrl to the <liitM'tiou of the wind for the greater i»art of the yww they receJvo only a small qi; * Kuox : An HUtoi inal Acconul of 8C. ThanttH W. 1. FLORA OF SiT. CUOIX AND THE TIBOIN ISLANDS. mIi, /.irnr. -bicdy in the form of short, rapid shoTTcrs of only a few .iiua, aud it is uot till thti wuruier purt of tbi) ytiir that if/atid (^eueral rains become i>oKsIble in thc^e n.*gion«i. Dining this iMff lime, Uic tmde-wijuls become irreguhir anil slight, or are evt*n Hiifr'' " : -nded, a^ stated before; hence the moisture generated by tk* <i , M iratiuu tium the ocean is not cai-ricd off as soon as formed, Injlisalloweil to gather into rain-clouds, and finally to precipitate itself pill in min nearly on the same spot 'wliere it was fonned. Fn :' ^v;Uions made in various islands for a period of more than tui I. us, ihe annual mean quantity of rain seems to be about tt^NCDe in all the islands, averaging 41!"^i"; the eastern parts of all, [» ticiox more exposed to the direct action of the winds, always show- nij:^ ' ibly smaller quantity than the centr.d aud wcsteni ones. Ai; . . uutnih of tJie yciir is without rain, yet from the above it *i bd easily conctnded that there is a remarkable difference l>etwceu 4>nuioDH months in this rc8]>ect: the diiest, February', having only on ' - r 1..V'; tlie wetti'.st, October, of 7.0"; nrid to tliis difl'erence, at - {tcriiHls of the year, it is cliieUy due, that notwithstanding tti0ftiiifin7D temperature all the year round, j'et some variations in the «(M ttud luUMisity of vegetable liie ai'e observed in the various sea- IttAh the annual and tJio monthly quantity of rain are subject to vaiy oaddrrubly, one yi^ar sliowing 23", or in some places 18" only, another ^pm 70" or "d". A still greater dit!*ereuce may be observed between HiMinw months of diflerent years: thus, February ha\ing had one year ^^VMy, anothei*, on the contraiy, '^.lit"- May 0.47" the <me year and ^P^*' Um! other. Those exccssivx) variations most, no doubt, materially *^ T[-^tablB life, indicating at the same time a considerable degree »' ^ [H'ct to tflrought in the perennial plants indigenous to . , -: 1 1 L^ alluded to above, acting upon them in a similar way • tktf vfiriutious In temporatur<3 iu colder chmatcs. H ^ number of days on which rain fulls averages for the peritHl from HMfe-' ■ ■ " If, giving a mean fall of ruin of 0/2T" \wt diem: April I^^B* , r unnber, U; October the highest, 10. From what ha^ ii •t" ro, it Is o\-ident, liowever, that the small monthly quantity injig the dry part of the year, viz, Jaumu-y to April, divitled ' munlK'r of days (s<» as lo amount In 0.11" or 0.18" ' of no great importance, as it is [H'eciijitated in a short cTuL tor ]>uuetxatiug into the soil, aud so is very suou 6 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. cvftporatwl again by the ocHod of the sun and the trtwle-wind combin It in not till May, when the increaspd (quantity of rain is eufficiimt 1 IK'Dotrate the parched soil, that its intincni^ and effect npon ve^retatic iii:ilo'« itwJf felt l>y i^iifwt^l lifo and activity in all the various brant^i ol* Ihc vcgulablu kingdom in K^'ucraL Looking at the vegetation of St Croix and the Virfmi IslaiidN in I generality, and without entering into details, we may consider it to 1 idrntica), an a whole, showing the same main features, and natural divided into four distinct formations, as iu most otlier Wewt Jnd ItdandH, viz. the littoi-al, the flhmbby, the sylvan, and the region cultivation, connected, of course, here and there by intermediate fomi tioni^, but on the whole virtuully distinct from diflTerc^ut blologie-al col ditions. Beginning with the littoral flora, we find along the coast in Rhallo water ft multitude of Alga*, among which are round some marine Phan rogama*, cspwiMlIy the common Thtilofisia IcHinHhutm and Cpmodovi mamitonttHj «nd in less quantity the beautiful little Halophifa litiitloni a rrrently dirtcov(»red Potamea, with oval delicate leaves, and gn>wii| gregariously on the bottom of the sea iu cwir»e grnveh Tho Tegcl;ttl< of tropical seashores is of a very aniform character all over tho worii tlie physical comlitions In-ing similor on them all, and the nugrjitW IVom one shore to anotlier l»eing ex<^iHlingly farilitattHl by the sea i well aa by bird«, storms, and tho action and interconrse of the Inlia itants. Thn.s, the same species of littoral plants are fomid on nearly tho West India ishvutls, many of tbem also iuhabitants of far dintai (shorea on the African and Asiatic continents, — ^Itehmging to the cogml polttan and transoceanic sivecies, d list of which was first prcparvd h Robert Brown, and afterwards augmented by A. DcCandoIle, and whi »tH-»m to possess an extraordinur>* faculty for migration. Acconling the ditfeivnt character of the «!oast, as sandy, nM^IvV, or awampy, t vegetation on it a1^.> assumes a different fuspect. On the sandy shore, which is compose<l of a flno white gravel, sisliug principally of innumei-able pieces of broken shells and oora and thus forming a lliick layer of carlH)ualc of lime, we »ee a ItixnH Mont of treea, shrubs, and minor phintJ«, ^vhlch all, on acconnt nf t umlerground water collecting from th© hills abo\^ gi-ncraJly hav« green appearance all tho year mund, even when tt " t ptv»cul a wilhcrwl aspect ftx»m wmil of nun. Ai iug here the utost prutuinent are tbu mppoiintMr '^ tb« C fLOBA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIUGIN ISLANDS. '-''— ^lirymhnJamut Icaro^ iirnl CaitvUa alha, liu.sidoH tli»> Cocfm It i.s |>)[iTit4?<l and iiaturalizod, OKi>c<.-iiiny on the lc»w sandy fCMtHiTK Under thesa tiiUer forms apiieor numy kiiidH of sbnths, such m EmMifppkjiflum B7'o}cncif Tournefortia {/nrkjihahiiieHj liorrickia arfiores- »m»,Sntuiett Utoralitt^ Snn'ann maritima^ ErithoUft friiicosay Cftlnhrina OuHandinn handuc an<l Bonducclfn^ and several otiiers. atlllirwmthnilhfs and suft'nttescont herbs are Sotpvola Pinmicri, Tournc- fif^ 'tmipfMMat^ Seguritiin porUduamtntm^ Heliotropinm curasHiiricum, r^rmiculatujij Cakile (rtpialis^ as well as several grasses and m Sporobultiit Utoralhy SUmotajdirum avtvrimnnm^ and Cyperus lnw«<iiut, OA ii]s4) some rcmarkuble creepers or climbers, such as TjpMMu jie^-ooprtr wid lAJtbUih rulgaris, »l of theiw flppoies disnpiyear on the roelcy clifft, where they give fat nt\utr%y mostly nhnibs of a low growth, and with thicker or roriii04.<ouM loaves, that are able to resist the force of tiie wind, ulton trends the whole plant into a dwarfish individual, the / which are cut o!!' at tlio top in a western direction. Tlie of these ahmbs are Jttcqvinhi armillaria^ Etcrotlendron M, Plutnifiria alha^ and Coceolohft ptmcUtta, as well as some ■anoooi)hi|oi>miH plants, sucli as PlU^lrnia anffusfi/olia, Agare ameri- Aud a fyw f^arti, iiriuci]»aliy the stout MvlocachtJt comnntnis. mo^• diiri^reiit fonus appear where the coast Iwcoines swampy ^ the prvsttinc*^ of lagoons. Honi pit-Mlondnates the Mangrove fomui- H ' ■ ineii cliiefly of iMgnncidana racemosay Conocarpun crectuSy Avi- H^>in h.iiV//i, ond UUkophorn ManglCy winch all grow more or less in the ^^MterltH^f. hi hviH nioixt places wo find some others, such as BuHda ^EffTw, Anona palmtriHy AnthcrylUtm Rohriiy and the cui'lous Batis ma- '^E'M. wbldi iTHralls lo the mind the hulophy tes of the steppes. Dovt'vi'T iliflV-n'nl thest? various forms of littoral ])Iaiits may appear, M^^nij tu each olhex, yet Ihey all have in connnon the |ircdih'cIion dieaa, tiic salino exhalation of which seems indispensable to their Some have even, like Ariccnniay their leaves always covered ' ' : others, like BntiH vtarUim(t„ are true haloph>*tes, fi -• plants of the coast in genenility are found in the WtottcoTWi of these small islands. An exceptiou is made by the cocoa- ' ' h is fonnd growing all about on the islands, even on Iho ^''•1 iL"- hi^Uest htlU, oa also by Cocctdoba nvifora, found in similar m loMing (TOO) tlie coast into the hitcrior we find on the eastern, and 10 FLO&A OF ST. CBOIX AVD THE VlRGVS ISLAfiDS. luUTspersed between these evergreens are seen varioas specicn arboreous plants with decidtiocH leaver, tbe naniber of wbich, bowr^^ ^'Uloui is large enough to seriouKly chiinj;e tlie ^'nrrul ii:$pect of forest ns being unifonnly green all the year ronn<l. The time fur ding their foliage in these forma is generally from January* to most of them, as 8tat«d before, lowering prccocioualy at thi^ ttm^, the moisture in tJic ground is not sotQeient to aUow^ them to retain thel foliage together v^th the producing of the flowers. It appears e\-id«a that this is the reoKon for the shedding of the leaves, from the fact ol served by me in several species (such aa Putcidia Erythrtna and others) that individtialH which, from being t4)o young or for some other rcasoi do not flower, do not shed their foliage, but eWdently find moistui enough -in tlie soil to i-esist the drought, not having to spend thi resountes on the production of floweJi» and fruitH, as others of their The mont prominent among the tree) and shrubs with a decidui foliage are Spojuliast htcOy Schmideifa oi'dtlcntniU, the enormous ih'ndroii nufractnosumj Jlnra crcpUantt, Casc^ria ramiflora, NrtWuM. and Hevoral others, which all more than the evergreens cflntribnto th( shore to the forming of a layer of leaf-mould under the taller forma. Ti this Inyor is but scanty in most places, and from the want of It, ac( as fr*>m the dense shmlo i>nMlueAMl by the evergreen trees and sbrul the minor fonus covering the ground are comparatirely scarce, ohii*fly confined to ttome Pipcracece, Acanthacete, and Grnmincc, as well ns a few ferns and mosses, among which ITvmumitiM pabnataj pcdata^ and Atfplaiiu7n pueiUum are the most common. A somewhat richer variety is presented by tbe numerous epiphyt* that cover the brunches and stems of trees and shnibs, notwith^tAndinJ that tlie bark of the latter, from the uniform temperature, is, as a exceetUngiy smooth, and but rardy covered ^^ith lichens or nio><^"- i*eal parasites only a few are met with, espetnally Lorauthus emtn whilst the nonpni'asitical epiphytes arc numerously represented Bromcbaceje (prin<'ixt»lly the genus TilhindsiH), An>idefl; (among thn the hirge-lnaved Philodcndron giganfcum)^ and Orchiducei© (ehieiiy den(b'ums an<l Oucidituus), as well \i& some ferns. Of these lattw ' several siteeies ai^ found only on the highest ridges of the ti at an ek'^^itiott of over ISlKK, there fonning a fonnati^m pr these rt»gions, comprising, among others, some tern' •'■ ' ' i"-' as Ilabeitftria macuhttti and alata^ as well as some A. and ferns, among which the benntiftd Cyathea ttrbotra deserves sp mcutiuu. msm FLORA OP 8T. CHOIX ASD THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 9 BWftff Etnictiin*^ and n denae cover of scales for protection, whilst ifihm sgain, mtcU ae Anona squanwua^ wliich arc apparently witbout ■^SkftUM to rcfsUt tUo effects nf dry weather, liave no other remedy left ttailDahml their leaver during a part ol* the yeai*, and thus preserve ilbtfbtti'n^i^ ut Iho t^^rniiorary Mucrihce of tlieir ve;^etatiYi! or^rana. All kIh* rorms miTitionHd above are of very slow growt h, and, with the awftiOD of a few that ore used for burning charcoal, of scarcely any either to man or annuals, for whu^h rf^iison the drnti-ict-s oc- [opM by tbem as a rulu present a veiy desolate and uninviting appear- ^km tho climato becomes sutQciently moist, and the soil in conse- thereof mon^ de*Mniii>os(*d and fertile, the fon»st appears in place 'He Croton vegetAtlon, on the uncultivatc<i lauils, especially in ravines Ok frt«ep declivities, which do not allow of cnltivation or gross- igc As nearly everywhere in the tropics, tho forest heje is com- of many different species of ln*e-s uiixed together, a givparious |»«th being very nin\ From tho forests of moist-er tropical countries, kMvwr, Hvb woods in these islands are distinguislied by imssessing a fwittty of formA with thin, herbaceous leaves, which for this reason M their fidia^ durinf; a part of tho year, thus combining the apjwar- .ffl... i^-mkU offH^hk^rcUuiates with llie dark everijjix^^n forms of 11 > ii\ countries. Some of these species with deciduous liATe two periods for flowering: one precocious in the first ctftlieyear, when the small quantity of rain seems insulllcient produpc Inith leaves atid llowors at a time, and another later in the r, when both foliage and blossoms are vigorously developed by the moisture of the summer. Tbe evergreens for the same nuisou a \tstH fixed and more nnltnute<l time for flowering, and seem to their roT.r.uit|f.tive organs whenevcn' the quantity of rain becomes ui-ing them besides maintaining the alivady existing W*i(^ Among ti j . ;it variety of evergreen forms of trees and •h^llKl »lwll ' ly mention as the most couimon m^veral siHHjies i*a; of I. ...... ..I-, such as Cuhpht/Uum Cataba and Cfmiu roaea; !, ffuoh BA Sideroxjion, ChryMtphyllum, Lucuiua. and Ui- i\ nf BalaoBSPf a» ZantJioxylum and Tobinia ; of Lauraceic, ae Kcc- °*^M4ni Slid Oil ' I -, well as many others, for the details of which U^ r^u.^ .,.,., liiatieal i>art of my tivatiscj. Others arc pos- ts by whicli to aitix themselves to tho stems ■evccal spooicji of Fiuus ; others again are vine«, Seijunia^ Gonania, and Cissus. It whicii arc pos- ^ i>f trees ^^M such OA 1 mA 12 FLOBA OF 8T. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. Ccntrosema, Toramnus, Vijrna, Khyucbasia, ami otbcrs; grnsMeft, !w iJij pagOf Aristida, Sporobolaa, Bleusinc, Dactylocteuium, autl Eraj or Syiiauthereie, as EIei»lmntopu8, DistreptnH, liid*?nt*, aiul Pih^im. Whl all these latUir forms flower diiring tbe greater pai't of tlie year, tlie tiful Convolvidacea}, such as Ipomcea fmtiglata^ iVi7, mnbvllaiUy diMt violaceUf aud others, arc in blossom ouly during the winter niunUis. December to Ft!bniary. In some places that are moist enonjih, sedges and semi-aquiiiii- |<l;ini •will be Heen growing; hi a few rivulets wliieli eontain water all tbe yei round, and which are limited to Vieques and St. Croix, a few aqoal forms Ofusur, such as Echinodarua cordi/uUus^ Lcmna ininor^ Tppha ffitnti/oliay ajid Nifmpfuva ampla. Tile iMidtures, which occupy a considei-ablo ejctent of tbe land, cither artificial, — planted with Guinea-grass {rmticum maximum), perennial plant, and, like most of the cultivated West India plants, ii tiiHluctHi from the Old World, — or natural, covered with various fonnsi indigenous Gramincie as well as low shrubs and trees, that have a tinually to be cleared away to prevent the land becoming overmn theai. The artificial pastures as a nde are fenced in, and otYen pmtectt against the <ljy season by the planting of Thibet-trees (-4 caWrt7y<r/;^i*).no^ corunionly naturalized oveiy where j the natural ones, on the ewntniry, ui generally utH>n aud abandoued to the cattle, whilst tbe artificial out!s cut regidarly, and the stock is not allowed to enter them. Tbe gnisses composing the natunil pastures are sevei^al siieciesof nicuni, Paspalum, Dactjlocti-uium, and Sporobolus; some, as Trichoit iuftutariMy being very bitter and unlit fur herbage. Tlu^ roaming ill of the cattle everywhere effectually prevents the re-establishment of i or woods, which, for climatic reasons, would be desirable in many for tbe young buds are destroyed by sheep aud gouts, which no have contributed largely to deteriorating even tbe stdl existing wi Around dwellings are found pUmted an<l naturalized most of the planl now C4>uunou to nearly all tropicid countries, — wime fniit/-boaring, ms TamarinduH indivfij Manffiferii indmi^ Carico. Papaga^ iVrwso ^'attJtMU CiCiteciitia CujeU\ McUcwca btjuga; others omamcnttd. as Poin^ittmi rrj CalliundniHuiHaiiy C(v»alpinia pulchcrrima^ aud otltera Actmi) g:irdoi :u*e now very rare, tlowers being mostly cultivate*! in pots or boj Home few vegetables of C4»lder climates aiv cultivatc^l in idiady pi where water is abundant-, such as salad, I'adishes, enbbuge, and otl In waste phices are ibuud most of the trot>lcid weods^ a* Jii€iutt4 MMH- A rtOBA or 8T. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN IJ?LA^(D8. 13 nwitt, Ihiwnt Xtftel and ^ramo»?Mm, Euphorbia pHuii/na^ heterophyltay and kfferici/vlui, JUit'abiU;! jaltrpa^ Jatropha curctiSj Cawia occidcntali«j AUd ttpeduUy aereiul kiud» of Sicta and Abntilon aa well ua eome other ^ -- '.'irmatlous meuriont'<l alM»vi^ are nsimlly fonnd only on the -, rho isrnullrr ones, li-om their limited size, gener.iUy pos- rhit'fly the llltonil aud shrubby only. The island of Anegada, hlioiiffb Ix'itig one of the larger ones, yet from its stnietiue mid the i»f il.H w>il, seeniR to be ehiefly covere<l by a veffotation eomi>osod pIiintH of the Randy shore, l)esides some of the trees and slinibs mug *be settlcxaent of man in these re^ons. Su* R. Schomburgk, rWr luw jdvcui a deiK*n|>tion of the island in the Journal of the Koyal ijtbieal Society, 1832, as-sorts that the island possesses fteveral in- ID^ .yperiei*i of pliujtJ*, among olhei*H a iie<Miliar kind of f 'rotoji. As, kwwi^rr. 1 Unvc not been able to iirocnre the work referre<l to above, 1 rCi\ to «iy which those species are, and they are not men- 's ijuf. Grii^ebach in his Flora of the British West liidia Islands. b AltkNigh, n* Matwl above, the general eharactcr of the flora both in Croix and th»» Virgin Islands, considered as a whole* is essentinlly and dihtinetly We,si Indian, yet, in looking more closely into wp rtro Koon struck by tinding a great many species in the one b ure not found hi (he other. This is the more remarkable, afl 'pbical and climntioal jioint of view the physical condi* ^ .-:. .-iaid to be materially identical. referring to tlie list of plants given at the end of my treatise it will mxn timt oat of a number of 881 indigenous phanerogamous s]>eoies ' tn lit5, or c. JjUre found in the Virgin Islands only, whilst OS, ;. occur only in St. Croix, thus leading only 5CS, or less than n t<j lioth. may b*s<^xp<«twl from the general character of littoral vegetation, fewspecieji which are not found on both sides of the deep . . i ding St. Croix from its northern neighl.K>tirs, the principal on bring Bnccharh dioica, which only occurs in St. Croix, nnil That intjmsU^ found by me only in the Virgin Islands. • r diftoreni^e is fonntl hi tlte dry shrubby formation, whert^ '•"Mion plants, Mwh as Eiiphorhw petiohirin^ Amcfa mr- I "I nirrmttj and otherw, arc to be sevn in thi» Virgin I«l- ly^ 8U tJroix having to itM>lf a few less coinniou si>ecies, such a^ «i*jW ccidofhainnu4 and Canttla ereeta. 14 FLORA OF ST. CBOIX AKD THE VIBOLV ISLAKDS. It is, bowerer, in the forest vegetation, vUieb best repiretenta origiBal liora of the ifllands, that tbo greatest and most vtmaA d euceA are obftcnedj Bliowing efii)ecia]I.v the great variety of Hii*.i*ieK the Virj^iii Lslonds which arc not all found in St. Croix, and m which are many of the commonest anil mo»t generally dii^tributed fioi Belonging to SU Croix alone are conijiaratively few and rare »! chiefly some Rhamnacca;, viz, Mttt/tcnus claodcndroidcs and Zi::% refivulntujtj Cttteaha'a parrijloruj Deloperone neworoita^ Petitia DomiitgtA Buxtis Vahiii, and L'rera data. All these fonns occur only io a localities, and are of no important^, to the genend character of x'c; tion, as is the case on the Virfrin Islands i;\*ith many of the followi 8pe*:ie8 that ai-e found on them, but not in St. Croix. It would be t much to mention all the difleifnt species here, for which 1 beg to re to the apjiended liHt and tjibular statement. I shall only enumerat few of the mostt interesting, (^specially ^falpighiaceie (us J^^rvoni tucidii, Malpighia Cnuhi and angtmtifolia)^ Kutacea) {PUocarpus rnrtry trnSy TMnia apinomj Xanihouylum ockroanjlum), Legumtuos^e [AtOii florida, Picleiia arhtaitu, Scsbania sericea, and Acacia nudiflonx), i Sttpotaccii! {Sapota SidtroTt/Ion). Auiong* Monocotylcdones art* to mentioned ArthmHiyiidium capUiifolium, lihi/vvfuwpora pumlh, Ditmi^ pilotfutsvula^ CaUipnU nutans, and several Orchids, Severjd of thi plants grow more or leas givgariouf*ly, thus iKicoming characlcristi to the formation. Among these i\w Mofpigliio Ciiidn^ Utynonifx hti/t Acitcia nudifloruj Sabinca florida^ and M'veral species of IMlca* mmsX them being very Common, and even generally used for domciitic poses. Ih'-'^idea these species, entirely wanting in St. Croix, the \\r\ Itthinds possess sevr ral that are very common, or at least not unonran on them, but which occur but very rai'ely in St. Cn>ix, such as 77/H, nrgentc^ Uondekiia pihsa^ Faramca odoraHn^hnay Miconia antjunti/o Mimona Ceratouitt, and others, nnd most of which I have not found self in the latter island, but only found labelled with St, Cmix us hnbi in the Copenhiigcn herbarium, so that an ciTor in some casus at lo may be not at all impossible. Uowevcr great are the diffei-e^ncea in the flora on the twogTYiup^ ialnnds, yet this interesting fact is not due to their possessin- -' ' tfl s[>ecic^, ns all the plants l^nown as growing on them aix^ als> other West India island*, oi^peciully Porto Bico, wheuee Uio vegera of both the Virgin Islands and St^. C]x>i.x iMM.*ms to be derived. RjOBA op ST. CROrX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 15 ouDlf to different periods of imiui^iTtition under varied physical prt(hlJnifti8 titat we tuoBt ascribe tJie reniaikablc discrepauciea iu the lannf tiiuac appan.nitly homogeneous ittlantU. Borne fevr 8pe<:ies, it is trBB,ttrr iade^nl given iu my list as having boeu found only iu the Vir- pA libodii, imch iw a U*w Cat^tea?, Vermnia Thonio', and the new species dNffiM by mtt ou the present oceaftion. But as lon^ 0^4 Porto Kico, Bqiif and cren Cubn,ai*o hIHI iusufficieutly explorctl, it may very well donbtliil whether those epocies do not also occur in one or sev- mlof tbetn, jnst aa several Cuban plants, describeil as endemical in UmI uland by Prof. Grisebaeh, have been found by me to occur not at [limtej' ' the Vir^n Islands and St. Croix, such as Arthrostt/' [.ttiw<w|,i ,.....,( J Kcynoma lati/oHa^ and E. viucronat/i, it may thus be confidently asserted that both the groups in question iwtderived Iheir stoctc of plants from the neighbouring larger island of Pirto Hico. Tlie <ineNtiou that remains to be solved is merely why fciwthcj not all received the sauie speeie.**, and particulai'Iy why is it ikUfiL Croix, although the largest of all, has reeeive*! a comparatively ttd absolutely much less number of species than for instance the far ••Iler St. Thomas! FiirlUe explanuiion of those iiitorosting fact« we have no doubt to ^ to tUn gi>ilogiwU hisloiy ol" the islands, as the conditions for immi- PWlim (AW Mirsi, even if jtossible to all the siMMiies, are essentially the ■Aft in both ^i-oup8, and therefore give no solution of the pi'oblom in IMioii. 1 im thiu led to think that at a former period all the West India ^<li have been connected nuitually, and i>erhaps with a part of the h fontineiit also, during which time the plants in common to ^^«' ' ', :l.s well as to the West Tndie.s and the contiuetit, have Hh|i)" irieielves over their present geographical ureas, at least as HpriMtbey are not iKtssessed of particular faculties for emigration over Bk# tm. By 9 8nb.se4pient volmnie revolution, St* Croix, as well as ^*«*yi'" *• r islamis, has thereafter Ivon separated from Porto -111 Irtlauds, and put into its present isolated jHrnitioii, It seems to liA^'e retained ever since, whilst the latter group of either still for u long iH»rio*l reraainetl in connection with - ' - • T-ated at the siune time fnmi it as St. Croix, has, . bi't-n jigain connci'lcd with the fom»er. piantx noAT found in the Virgin Gronp, but not occurring iu St utmlil tiiufl have immigrated into the former from Porto Bioo 16 FLORA OF 6T. CBOIX AHD THE YIBOIM ISLANDS. after the separatioii of St. Croix irom the latter, and imxnigmtion wc fijially have ceased by the sepai-atioit between them, as it exislA at presf'iit perio<l. TUu8, the plants found in the Vir^ Inlatids, but D( iu St^ CroLx, would seem to have been more recently cnyitcnl in probable centre of vegetation, Porto Uico, or some other of the larger tilleH; the endemic ones, ik$ iu the other inlands also, being the youn) of all, not having been formed till after the complete separation hv.tvri the islands had been cfl'ecteil. This latter suggestion, which i>erha] seems oontratlictor>' to the general accepted theory of considering t1 endemic forms on oceanic isles as the remnants of the oldest orij vegetation,* api)ear8 to be confiiTned by the fact that even on st recent formations as the BahamavS, which have as yet been but im] fectly explored, already no less than eighteen endemic species have discovered-t Tlie sup]x>8ition that the islands may have been separated from beginning, and have receive<l tlieir flora** through immigration over tb^ sea, is sufitciently confute^l, i>artly by the great noinber of species mon to them all, which clearly indicates the connection in former tim( with a l;irf!:er country, partly by the circumstance that most of tJie cies common to the islands are iu no way better adiipted for migrutio over the water than tJiose ]>eculiar to the Virgin Islands only ; iu but few of them apparently possess the faculty of crossing salt-wat even for a limiteil distance. Supposing the theory of a prolonged or oftencr repeated counectii between Porto Bico and the Virgin Islands to be correct, it rem still ti> explain how St. Croix can have obtained a nimiber of R|ie€i« which do not occur in the latter group. A few of these apode^, V] CoHtela ercvtay Mnyi4^HUs elivodcmlroiikji^ Zizyphyts rcticulaivB^ Anthtgi thus jatnaicenitiSy and Buittts Vahlii^ occur in St. Croix on the terth limestone only, and soem thus to have avoided tlie Virgin Islands not finding there the substratum suited to their orgaiiLsntion. greater parts, however, might, for all ai)piirent reasons, as well occwr 1] the Virgin group as iu St. Croix, and their abscncG in the former coni be cxidained iu this way. It must, however, Iks understood that whiM my investigation of St. Croix has b«»en thon»ugh, and eari'ied on fiij several y«?ars, my exi>loration of the Virgin Islands has b€?cin so for onJ a part of them, especially the Danish ones, my collections iVum * nooker: Ou IiiMtilar nonui. 1 QriBob. : Owgr. Wrhr. d«r PlL. WutiDdient^ fu 56. FliORA OP 8T. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN IfiLANDS. 17 •S^' tiniif^ orily imiwrfcct. Without exi>ectiiig too luucli from tins ic-**, yet I feel confident that not few of the St Croix ])lantei, ly wanting in the Virgin group, m:iy, by HoBer ro8earch, still iTwl t^wIng tlicre on some uf them, whilst, on the otlier hand, 'I sm ttinally ronfldent that none, or scarcely any, of the Virgin Islaiids' ^wdfg iraDtliig in St. Croix will l>e found in the hitter iHlaiul. tl nay fiirthenjiore be observed tJiat seareely any of the St. Croix which I hftve given aa being nbscut from the Virgin groiij) aiv or vifU»ly distributed over the island, and^ are not possessed rf any prwit faculty for conquering ground in tho struggle for exlst- Mce, foe wliieh itrason 8onie of them may not have been able t*^ gain •teisBitm on the louch Bmaller smfacc of the Virgin Ishmds, or, hn\ing •Mosaril a fi>»ting, they may Imve loHt it ag-ain by the later iniiiiigni- of liiliCT RpeeieA, now peculiar to the group compared with St. Croix, IT' !t, aH will be remend>eixHl, are gregarious, and gifted with for expanding themselves. A Very few »peeie« fonn an exception as to the limited distribution in Vniix, liacharf^ VahlH, Cordin alba^ and JEgipkUa mdrtimcemtfi^ oe- Miently in tlie island, but haAing as yet not IhH'U found ^i M. in, \ <>^in gronjt, although they occur in several others of tho 'rtl tntiia iHlaniUi. I am not jirepared to give a satisfactory explana- rtf rJiifl fju-t at the present moment ; but such isolated exceptions will lUwayn Iw met with in the explanation of general phenomena, l>r(.'bubly a more thorough investigation of vegetable biology 'ftt n futoTD day afl'ord a satit^factory explanation uf 6uuh nptiai-- erty inoon«di$tent fuets. I' : tiie necessary consequences of the above stated theory for cp- ' — Tphic^l distribution of vegetable species in St. Croix ■»«1 : 1.-*, it would thus appejir necessary to ennelude, for MUuui, fttrn* the occurrence of iSubinca Jlorida both in Porto Rico, the '^, and Dominica, but not in St. Croix, that the fli*8t-unmed ' '' .\\\ oonnocteil, when tho latter had already t>een sep- iind put into its present isolated iiosition. A similar rnigbr. be drawn fh>m the distribution of Malpi/jhia Cnida^ uce of Acacia nuiiifiora would seem to prove a simi* ■', " *■> Itico, and Antigua, ' ly be pwiMumed, as done by Prof. Grisebm:h ttvT. Vcriircitang der Pfl. Wcatlndiens, that the distributiou idatcd chielly by gtjographiad distanceM, A closer ui- ' ^' the various islands no doubt will contlnn tho 18 FLORA. OF ST. CROIX AND THE VTROrN ISLANDS. theory dra^ii from the focta olmerveil in regard to the mutual rt'latit between St. Croix aud the Virgin Islands, that geological revotritioi have been ecjually or i>orhai»s ovtii moixj jKjwerluIly iutlucutial in aiTiui;y^ ing t\u; ditstributiou of Hinn-it's than the greater or i*niaHertlif*tiiiu't?, tUc similarity of physical conditious. A full knowledge of these interesting facts can, liowo<'er, not l>e ei [leitted till h moro thorough explortitioTi of all the West India ishuuh htm taken i>lace. Few of them ore as yet tolerably well kuown, and it U therefore earnestly te be hoped that bucU an exploration of all the Wi ladies may soon be efl'ected, the result of which wiU no doubt be llio highest im^Kirtauco both to botany and to all otheT lirandies nutnral science. It generally rcquiix^s the accumulated study and knowledge of gv ations before the less jvilpable aud moi'e delieate, but often moHt im] tiuit, fiu*ts in natural history can be explained; (he West Indii-^ Imr^ bei'U cnnipiiratively well studietl siiice the utiddle of the last eentniTr ami it wouUl seem well now to follow up the work iu order to complei a thorough inveutigntian, which might be nsed aa a^ basiu for the phvuation of similar fact« observed in other aud less well known {Murti lif the world. The flon* of thft Virgin Islands and St. Croix has been Htndied li several botnnifitH, Homo of whom hav^ publiKheil the rcsulta of th<*iT Heareh, whieh has, however, among the former gPoni», been ehiellj' con lined to the Danish islands^ the KngliHh and particularly the S]>aiLiAl ones ha\nng i\H yet Ijeen only Imperfectly explored. PublicationH on the Qora of these islands are given by West in h! DescripUon of St Croix (Coiwnhagcn, 171)3); Schleehtendal, Flonih Ins. St. Thomap, iu Linna'a, 182ii-;Jl and 1SS4; and Kgpers. Floi-a of St < 'roix, Ilk the V'idensk. Mcdd. fm Naturiiist. Koi^ning (Coi>eniingenj I*****! bcffddcs minor contributions hi VahVs Kclogiie Aniericana*!, Syml)Olit9 tanico*, and Eniuneratio IMantanun, Kreb« iu Naturh. Ti<lKskH(t, IS41 ou the llora of 3t. Thomas, Dc Candollc's Prodroiuu*, luii! Gri- Ktora of the British West India Ishinds. This latter work, n Uxiin wuut of material, scarcely ever mentions tlie British Virgin Islni Collectiou» of idants fh)m the ishinda in (question arc tViund eUiefly the Mii.senm of thr linTaninU li:irtleu in <'o[M*iihageii, as will teivd in other European herbrtdn, collected |tnneipally by v. llohi, - .^^ Dr. liyuu, LinIiii, UJedl6, Lllenoiuler in tbe fHiar ef^ncury, bjr lU'unui \Vahlnmnn, Ebrenlwrg, Dr. Knvn, Dr. llontbeek, Duchassnirig, Htlioot burgk, Piee, W.vdlcr. Oreled, Kitlis^ and Eggers iu tbc pnnent. PtOOA OF ST. CBOIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLA^'D& 19 k Bie (bliuwinx li^t of plauU ii'um St, Croix aad tlie Yirgiu Islands focDcti OD uij* osru collections and the pubticatious or collections of otlicr : ir^e*^ 1013* species of phauexug:aiuous and vascular co^j- J of wliicii 8S1 aw* indigeuoua and 132 naturalized, tboye ■MMjcnluva.t'Oil being added in brackeU after each family, lb dt^Ceriuiuiug the Bpccics I have, besides consulting the more itu- ' vatematical works on botany, as much as iwssiblo fol- ' LiacU'e btundurd work ou the Flora of the Kritish Wesf^ iiMliA Idljuids^ to which I therefore beg to K^fer when no other aathority i* |iT«a. Synonymes and references to other authors are given only it was tbought desirable to supi)lcmeut the Flora of Urisebach ia nmipi-cl- 1\) t\m specific names of plants I have added only such statements nut giTKU in Grisebach's work, — iis local name, time for flowering, QflCjOa well as descriptive remarks, where my own observation illertnoe from the description given in the flora mentioned »knre, lo rvferriug to SchlechtendaJ, or the herbarium of the Copenhagen ' .. I have used the abbreviations Schl. andllb.na\*n.; in quoting I Schlethtcndal, their respective works on St. Croix and St, ail, mentiont^ above, are understood to be referred to. Sfd«rial hicalities for habitats arc givcii only where a plant ia rare, or *t ." uromon ; otherwise tiie island alone is mentioned. I .. :i^ '"-All ishinds," is meant to imply that the species is fonad both in St. Cruix and the Virgin group, withoutuecessarily meaa- kc to «:^v that it occurs in every island of the latter. In wmmiiig up the statistical results from my list of Ri>ecies, nearly tta Min« cortelnidous with regard to the most numerous families are Mrired at iw those given in Prof. Grisebiich*s Geogr. Verbr. der PflauzeJi ^«stiudk<u, p. 73, for the Caribbean Islands. IV jittiportion Iwtwtvu Mono- and Dicotyleilontms plants indigenous uii Datojulizeil is 1:5.8, in the indigenous ones alone 1:4.0, thus show- n( tic plumlity of the recently iutnxlueed i»lants to have been Dicoty- Waaonjs. The proportion mentioned in thd plants indigenous to tho liat low*»r tliau stat^Ml by Grisebach, ns cited above, to .. Wast Indies*, where it is given as 1:4, indicating, no itA r.1ini»to of St, Croix and the Virgin Islands is less moist] • ladies in general. '4. ]i. I'i74) ^IvcH tu St. Tlionuis as thv probable DWitbcr of ... ;■/■, ;)Ut oiy lUt iiho%v8 about 9U0. 20 FLORA OF 8T. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. Table shmcing the disfrihuiion of the Indigenous SpetAe» of Phanerogama and Cryplogomm Vtuculares in St Croix and the Virgin I$land». A.— DlCOTTLXDOmS. DiUontaccS) Anonacen McnlspeimAccn XjmpbtBacen PapaveraceiB Cruciiere CapparidacesB BixacciD VfohcetB PulygalAceSB Caryupbyllacea llulvoceai ■< Bombaccso ButtncrUoee Tiliacea TvrDBtrumUcen GuttifurtD Canclliicfie ICr^-throxylacoiB » Malpi^falaceje Sapindaceie Mi'lUicco) Oxalidaccfc Zy f^ophyllaccsD Hutart'ffi Olatart*.!) Ani]M'lliU'm CvlimtrjcusD lUiamnaccH) Ti-rihSnihaceff, Lt'^uiiiino'UF: rhrvs'-'l.kaiflLnac'i'fB Myrtari'» IMt-UiHtuuuici'm Lyt hrariacvro Onairracfie lihizopliuraceie Cninbn'tM'ciD CiirurltltHcesB I'ujwyocex raMsifloracpte TurDtTnceaj i CactaiTic Aniliarcic VmlM-Uifero) lAirantliat'ciB ItubiMeiP K,\Tianttierca! LtthfUaceay Goo(k»iiviac«iD MyralBRCPiB Sapotaccw S I-* 5 1 1 !• 8 7 6 i u FLOBA OF ST. CROIX AND THE YIBGIN ISLANDS. 21 l^bte the di$tritutum of tht Indigenoia Species of PhanerogamcB and Cryptogama Voaeularm i% St Croix and the Virgin J«2aii(f»— Contiunod. CrtkaMB AnrtoloeUMMB B.*-MOXOCOTrLKDO!nB. (MMkw. C— CBmOOAMJt TAflCVURKa. tUM. H 98 17 12 1 J5 21S o O lOB fl77 3 34 8H1 133 1013 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS, WEST INDIES. L PHANEROGAMS. ^ A. DICOTYLEDONES. DIIX£]VIACEiE. 1. BsvOla mson, Poir. St. Thomas (Giiseb. FL p. 3). ANOIYACEJB. L Anona iniirioBta» L. (t. Sonrsop, Susakka). FL Feb--May. Leaves with a i>eculiar strong scent, used against fever and vennin. Fruit edible; pulp resembling curdled milk, acidu- loas. In forests and thickets, common. — All islands. a. A. lanxtfbUa. Dan. (t. Wild Sonrsop). FL Feb.-May. Besembling the former Bi)eGies in the foliage, but leaves of a quite different smelL Not uncommon in forests. — St. Croix ; St. Thomas. 4. A. pAhastris, L. (t. Moskey-applc, Banya). FL May-June. Prnit not edible ; used as bait for flshes. Common in marshy soil. — ^All islands. 9. A. sqnamoaa, L. (r. Sagar-apple). FL April-Jane. Foliage partly deciduous in March and April. Fruit edible, sveet, soft. Common in thickets. — ^All islands. 6- A. raticalata, L. (t. Cnstard-apple). FL April-May. Fruit edible. In woods, not uncommon; also planted near dwellings. — All islands. — ^The enlarged top of the connective in all species of Anona is siliceous. None of the si)ecies enumerated abovi^ contains narcotic principles, as is the case vith A. Cherimolia, Mill., and others. 7. Ofwttola Onregoo, Dnn. St. Thomas (Griseb. Fl. p. 7J. S. Osaadn InuiftaUo, Rich. {Vcaria fxcehaf Vahlin lib. Juss.). St. Croix (Caled<mia Gut, West, p. 202). 83 24 FLORA OF ST. CROIX A2iD THB VIRQIN ISLANDS. mCNISFi: RMACE JB. 9. Cocculns dominseiuia, DC. FI. Juue-Aag. Stem woody, as much as two inches in diameter. Inflorescences often 3 or 4 oniserial in the same axiL (See Delesserty Iconcs, t. 06.) In forests, not common. — St. Thomas (near St. Peter, lOOC). 10. Clssampeloa Fareira, L. (v. Velvet-leaf), a) Pareira and j9) mlorocazpa, DC. Fl. ilov.-March. In forests and thickets, common. — All islands. NmPILaEIACEJE:. 11. Nympfasea axnpla, DC. (t. Water-lily), p) parviflora. Fl. April-July. In rivulets. — St Croix (Kingshill Gut]^ Yieqnee (PortRoval). PAPATEBAG£^. 12. Argemone mesdoana, L. (v. Thistle). Fl. the whole year. A very common weed in dry places. — ^All islands. CBUCIFEB^. 13. Naatortlum officinale, R. Br. (v. Water-cteas). Never seen flowering. Naturalized along rivulets. — St Croix; St. Thomas. 14. Sinapis brasaicata, L. (t. Wild Mustard). FI. Jan.-June. xYround dwellings and in waste places, not nncom- mon. — All islands. 15. Sinapis arvensis, L. Fl. cleistogamous in February. Regular flowers later in the year. Naturalized; rare. — St. Croix (near Auguilla). 16. Ijepidium. virginicum, L. Fl. the whole year. A common weed along roadsides and near dwell- ings.— All islands. 17. Cakile aequaUs, L'Her. Fl. Feb.-July. Kather common on sandy shorcs.-rAU ishind.s. [Cultivated species: Brassica olcraceay L. (v. Cabbage); Lepidium «at^ rum, L. (v. Cress); and Rapkanus sadvus, L. (v. Radish).] CAPPARIDACE.£. 18. Cleome pentaphylla, L. (v. Massdmbce). Fl. the whole year. Flowers often polygamous. Leaves used as spinach. A common weed near dwelhugs and in waste places. All islands. PLOBA OP 8T. CROIX AXD THE VIRGLV ISLANDS. 25 IS. C pmcBSMk W. (r, WiH MnuiimlxH!). e) aad /3) Swartzlana. II Uto mM^ ycnr. Commoa alon^ roadti and (Utclies.— All ifilands. 30. C. TlMOAa, L. FL Miky-DiH% Katwralized here and there. — St. Croix; St. Thomas. 21 Kodsc* ptezyeotfperma, G. {t. Uor»c-radUL-trcti). FL Hie wholis year. Root with a flavour of hor&o-radish. ^atoralizcd aodaMbmou ueai- dwellings. — All iciluuds. 22. C^ipoils smygdallna. Lam. R MAtri>-Juue. Lwives on young radical shoots linear in this and the tro following species. Not uncommon in thickets. — All ialauds. SS- C^tauloeoda, Jacq. (r. Black Willie), u) marglnata aud fi) slUqaoBa. iX ApriW-Aug. a) not uncommon; j9) les*i comiaou along the shore io Udckete^-AIl islands. C. OTOophaUophor^ L. (t. LlngDAn-tree). o) and 0) saligna. ft FolK-Aag. — Glands 2-4, uniseriol in the axils, exuding nectar bufore the time of floweringj and are to he couMdered na tchcs or inlloi-escenccs. CL vcxraooM. Jm^^. Fl. April-Miky. A middle-sized tree. Not uncommon in forests on Vlrpn lidands. O. fcoodci, Jac<i. (v. Kat-beon). FL Fel>--May. Seeds very poisonous. Common in forests. — All » amaiioana, L. n) and ft) sabpeltata, Oris, in litt. Fl. May-Oct. A considerable- sized tree, a) aU islands; 0) leaves hte.— Si. Croix (Spring Gut). BIXACEJB. BIzm OrttOABS, L. (t. Boncon). FL Jooe-July. The red pigment of the fruit was generally used by iCwibs for anointing the whole body {Dn Tertre). Naturalized iu t- Croix (Creijuih, Wills IJay)} St Thom^is (Crown). 39. TxUU enad^ OriMib. FL ApriWttDo. Stipules very variable. Petals always abortive in my cperimciixs. A low tree or sUrub. Uncommon in forests.— St. Croix iWOla Bay, Mt. Kagle); St. Thomas (Flag HiU); St. Jau (Cinnamou 26 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIBaiK I8LAHDS. 30. Oaeearia syWestsim, Sw. Fl. Jaa.-Feb, and May-July. Seed covered by a led arOlns. Com- mou iu forests and thickets. — ^All islands. 31. C. parvifoUa, W. a) and 0) mlorooaipa, Egg. Fl. Marcli-July. Flowers odorous. Stamens alternately of equal length. Not uncommon in forests. A low tree^— a) Yirgin Islands; ^)- fruit small, 2"' diam., St Croix. 32. O. ramlilora, Vohl. a). Fl. Jan.-Feb. and July-Aug. Pedicel articulate below the middla Arillus fibrous. Common in forests. — All islands. 33. Samyda glabrata. Sw. Fl. June. Bare, in thickets on highest hill-tops. — St. Thomas (Crown, 1400'). 34. S. Bermlata, L. Fl. Feb.-May. Flowers odorous, precocious. Pedicels articalated at the middle. Leaves of young radical shoots linear. Common in thick- ets.— ^AU islands. TIOLACEJS. 35. lonidiom atrlctum. Vent. Fl. all the year round. Flower matutine. Kather uncommon in fis- sures of rocks in thickets. — St. Croix j Water Island. TAIVIARICACIIJB. 36. Tamarix indica, Willd. (v. Cypress). Fl. Sei>t.-Oct. Katuralized in gardens. — St. Croix ; St. Thomas. POL.rGAI«ACE^. 37. Polygala axteustifolla, IIB. Kth. Fl. Dec.-Feb. In the shade of dense thickets. Bare. — St. Thomas (Cowell's Hill). 38. Securidaca Bro^^mel, Gr. (S, acandena of West). Fl. Feb.-April. Naturalized around Christianstcd, v. Bohr. St. Croix. 39. S. erecta. L. St. Thomas (DC. Prodr. i, 3:11; Oris. Fl. p. 30). 40. Krametla Ixlna, L. Fl. July. The three narrow petals, resembling abortive stamensi, ara bent forward and cover the authers. The two lateral olbs are fleshy. CHOIX AKD THE VIROIK ISLANDS. Rare.— St, Croix Rare- covered on the outer side witli fleshy papillro. Frait l-seedcd by tttMirtion. Ore^noHA along roadsides iB dry localities^ but uucom* tnoo. — St. Tlioma« (Bovoni). L PAROSYCmACE^. I>rymatiA oordaU. W. ^) diandra. PL May-Juue. In moist localities in the shade. spring Gonlcn). Cjp«e3«a bttmifaaa, Tiirp. W Jaly, Gregarioos around a small fresh-tvater lagoon. i&ler IglftTi'l. I, IT. IfOLLCQIXKJC. ka. ICoUneo vertlciUata. L. I FL Aug. Leaves often fleshy. On rocky shores. Rare. — ^Buck lal mnA, ncBT 8t. Thomas. fiodfoaaU^ La in. FL 3<'pt.-Dec. Xot uncommon in moist localities. — St. Croix; Back i<l nei&r St. Croix; St Thomas. IIL PORTVI.ACe.K. Tallnvm trtaueulaie. W. FL all tho year round- Flower open till 11 A. M. Sepals of unequal Tlie large one 1 -ribbed, the smaller one S-ribbed. Petals often yellow (aa represented in Jacq. Stirp. Amei'ic t. 13o). Rather uncom- On roclcs near the seashore. — St. Croix ; St. Thomas. FL aU the year nmnd. Flower ojwn finm 3 P. M, till sunset- Petals" red or ycUon- (15ot, Mag. t, 15-liS). Root tuberous. Here and thei*e m rocky situations. — St. Croix; St. Thomas. •7. Portolaca ol«rac«a, L. (v. Puralane). a) macrantlia, 0) micrantba, Egg. Fl. the whole year. Flower open till 10 A. M. a) brownish, 5 petals, a» muix •'» ' mens, corolla C'" diam. /?) green, 4 petals, 10-12 sta- Mctia, oorj. . iiam. Both varieties common along ixmdsidcs and iu <ip«n gpoi$^ — AH Ubmls. 4a. p. qnadrtflda, L. (Mant. 78). FL all Iho year round. Petals 4, yellow, 2'" long. Flower ojKsn (torn 1! ' P. M. liCaves opposite, clasping together towanls even- bi ...lu^io wccil in gardens and along roads. — ^AU islands. , iu 28 FLORA OF BT. CBOIX AKD THE VIBOIK ISLANDS. 49. P. pilosa, L. Fl. all the year round. Often nearly glabrous. Boots taberoiUi Petals red or yellow, large. Corolla up to IC" diam., open only till 9 a. m. Seeds dark brown. Leaves adpressing themselves downward to the stem towards evening. Kot uncommon. Along ditches and in grass-fields. — St. Croix j St. Thomas. 50. P. hallmoldeB, L. Fl. Jnne-Doc. Common along roadsides and among rocks. — St Croix 5 St. Thomas. 51. 8esuvium portulaoaBtnim, L. (v. Bay-flower). Fl. all the year round. Sepals rosy inside. Common on sandy shores. — All islands. 52. Trianthema monogynom, L. FL all the year round. Branches always originating in the axil of the smaller leaf. Stamens 7-17. Sepals and stamens rosy or white. Common on rocky shores. — St. Croix ; St Thomas. mAiiTACi:^. 53. Malvaatrnm spicattim. Oris. (v. Hollow-stock). Fl. all the year round. Flower expandiug in the afternoon. Very variable. A common weed along roads and in fields. — ^All islands. 54. M. tricuBpidatum, Asa Gray. Fl. all the year i-ound. Common along roads and ditches. — All isl- ands. 55. Sida carplnifoUa, L. c) and ft) brevicaspldata. Fl. Sci>t.-]March. Pedicel geniculate at the base, or as often not so. Petals imbricate dcxtrorsely or sinistrorsely. Both forms very common weeds everywhere in dry localities. — All islands. 56. S. glomerata, Cav. I'l. Aug.-Oct — Buck Island near St. Thomas ; 'Vieques. 57. S. cUiaris, L. Fl. Sept.-March. Flower expanded till 10 A. M. Stipules always lonj^er than the i>etiolcs. Leaves closely clasping the stem in the evening. Gi'egarious on roads and near ditches. Common.— All ialands. FLORA OP BT. CBOIX AMD TQE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 29 J>ee.-Man^li. Flowt-r expanded tUl 0 A. M. Calyx shorter than iti gnuus-tielda und thickt^ts. Often siiftrntesceut, G' high. tu. — All inlandti. . ■ptnota, h, a\ ff) aneQBtlfbUa, Lam., and y) polycarpa. Egg. Se|tt--Matttb, y) sulTrutoscent, V liigli. P<i(licol as long a* the itlt? WaC l^«til8, ovaries, and carpide always 12. a) and fi) conuuon •fl«Ul» aiul (lo^tnre^ y) ucur rivnlet^. — All island^i. B- rlMoibifoUa. K. (v. Swart Morfin). 7 ) retuaa. Dec.-Mmvb. retab* showing a purple blot at the base. Com- io waste idax^es. — All islands. ft-txladK, Schlrclit. ^Uimaia, iii, 271). )t. TbomiiK (Seiil.). & iwptna, UUeiT. a) glabra Ati<l ^) pUosa, Egg. FL 5ofV.-Mttreb. Two vt»rj' distinct forms: a) in shady, moist places 5 kndiy localities. Not uncommon in thickets and forests. — All islands. arevta, Cav. (tint 8. arptila, Sw., u stated inGrlMb. Syut. Unters. p. 31) 8t Ctt)ix (We«t, 297); St, Thomas (Schl). & Berroaa, DC. e) and 0) viacoaa, Egg. FL I>ec^A}irt]. ^) viacnus and glandular pilose. Petals reddish ; luatib ml. >'ol uncommon along roads and ditches. — All islands. H. & ■CTiatnata. DC. a) macrophylla and /}] mlcrophylla. dc Thomas (SchL). '*Iu locis siccis." ;M> B^ eontUbUa, U ii) altluefoUa, 8\v. FLMarth. Her* and there along roa<la.— St. Croix (West, 297); St 'i«B(Uetiiaaia). •|.akB»Utta,W.(t>CAT. ficTbomaA (Si'hl.). " In locis umbrosis," < I& AfaatOoii parlplocifaUtun, G. Don. a) and /I) albloane, cnrpids 3-ovitlate. 1^ »II the year wmnd. Reeds dimoq>bou8. The tT\'o seeds in the tvftaiitreU gbdirons, the one in tho inferior silky. «) not nnoommoa •ln«f xm^ fJ) uneommou.— St. Croix (a and .^); St. Jan (i), r. Tii^--Mui^. See<U cordate, brown, ^ot very common in open, — iVll iidduds. I- r. ■' FLOBA OP ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 31 KSibdaxl^ U (T. Bed Sonvl). FLUet-Kov, Leaves iwecl as n vegetable. Calyx at length fleshy, kejnooailc Cultivated and iiataraluod here and there. — SL [; 8t. Tbumu«. B.pbcMilc«iu, Jncq. PL Srpt.* March. KatJior common in thickets, especially near dwell- «$B^-8t. Croix; 8UThoma8. " a.Orwx(West, p. 208) OoMypinm baxbadenae, L. (v. Cotton-tnw). o) ainl ^3). FL lU the > OUT rriUtHl, Down stellate Common in dry localities. :rly coltivated. — All ialands. A rttifoUva, Lam. SatanUnvd in St Thomas (Schl.), perhaps Dom having been cultivated ttattirr times. 17. FsiStiiraitfUaoeain, A. Jobs. (r.Malioo). r rvh. Baric employed as ropo. Along coasts, but rare. — l.".^ ^ ., crii, p. 297) ; St Thonias (Schl.) j St. Jan (l^sh Bay). TTxtfiwIii populnea, Corr. (t. Ot^ilif ito TrtH*)- PI. aU the ye;ir round. Very ea.'iily i>ropagated by cuttings. A shady iwilh very lianl \v)mh1. Natui-rdized aud ciUtivat<Kl oveiy where, espe- t\j ill \mAxst loailities. All islands. AU>|(Uvac«a> are protiindrous. (Ctltivatctl siHH:ies: Altlia' rosea^ h. (v. TTollyhock); HibtMeus rona- i>,U (V. Chinese rose); and 11, inutahifhj L. (v. Changeable Ilibis- BOnBACEJE. difitata, L, (v. Guincn Tainnriud). Fl Jene-July. l>*aves deoiduous iu Manih-April. Tho acid pulp of •1*6 frrrit osbil for k^moniule. Naturalized in wooded valleys. — SU Croix H[I^Httt3>-; Crequia); 8t Thumas. W Briodoidroa uifraotiiotum, DC. (T.Silk-cottoa-tree). 1 Foh^ApHL Leaven (1e<'.iduous A(urch-Ai>nl. Stem growing to «iz<*. Common tti fort^KtH. All i.ilanils. \a tmi^inat I nicD, West^ p. 208), 32 FLOBA OF ST. CBOXX AKD THE VIRGIN I81ANOS. 92. Helicterea jaxoalcensls, JoccL. Fl. March-Aug. Spiral of carpids 2^. Common in thickets. — AH islands. BfTTTNERIACEJE. 93. Ouaziuna nlmilolik, Lam. (v. Jackass Calala). Fl. April-June. Wood used for oaxs. I^ot uncommon in postoreB^* St Croix; St Thomas. 94. Theobroma Cacao^ L. (v. Cocoa-troe). Fl. June. Naturalized in shady valleys. — St Cioix (Prosperity; Mount Stewart). 95. Ayenia paalUa. L. Fl. all the year round. Flowers often transformed into a hoUov monstrosity by the larva of a wasp. Fruit muricate. In thickets, com- mon.— ^All islands. 96. Melochria pyramidata, L. Fl. all the year round. Common in pastures. — St Croix. 97. Id. tomentosa, L. (t. Broom-wood). FL AU the year round. Calyx tomentose, greyish white. Xomentam interspersed with glandulous hairs. Used for brooms. Common in diy thickets. — All islands. 98. M. nodiflora, Sw. Fl. Nov.-July. Common in pastures and along roads. — ^AU islands. 99. 'Walthexia americana, L. (t. Marsh-mallow). Fl. Oct.-May. Common in pastures. — All islands. TII.IA€EiE. 100. Triumfetta Lappala, L. (v. Bur-busb). Fl. Nov.-Ajml. Common in thickets. — ^All islands. 101. T. altheeoideSf Lam. (v. Mnboe). Fl, Dec-March. In forests, uncommon. — St. Croix; St Thomas. 102. T. semltrUoba, L. (t. Bur-busli). Fl. Oct.-March. In thickets and along roads, common. — ^All islands. 103. T. rhoinboidea, Jaoq. Fl. Dec.-xVpriL Uncommon in thickets. — St Croix (Spring-jyut). 104. CorchoruB acutang;ulae, Lam. Fl. Jime-N^ov. The lowest serratnres of the leaves in my speohneu often sbow one or two long setaceous bristles, as stated in DO* Piodr. FIjOBA of ST. CBOIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. K GriAcb. FI. p. 07, does not ineiitiou them, a^ he does in C- olito- nmther does the flgiire in Wiglit*8 Icones, iii, t 739, show them in tl&is epccicA. From obsorvatinUH uuu\& V»y me on C. acutantfuhutj an well B^ o- ' • * ■ -/M, suvl) bristles on the lower serratiires of the leaves are ot ^Ku ^ value in this geiiUH, being a variable feature. In gardens ^^Bltmu* ilwtiQinj^ not uncommon. — St. Croix^ St Thomas. 10&. C. itilquomia. L. (r. Pupa-lolo). ^H FL Nov.-^Tuly. Leavex n^ed as » vegetable (Calalu). Along roadH ^HMln pusture^, common. — All islands. ^^K C. hlxtnm L. FL June-Sopt* Two lowest Hernitnres of the leaves Hometiracs show- one or tvo setuccout) bristles. In gardens and along roads, not tt. Croix; St. Thomas. 2A7. C. hlnatn% L. FL ail tiM* year rotui<l. Hairs of the stem scabrous. On sajidy shores, ro. — All iitlands. TEBIVSITBOiniACE^. Tenutr6mU eUiptlom, Sw. ¥L PrU,-Aprih Tlie two bracts at the base of the persistent calyx tu be coiwidt'rwl as such (Swartz, Flora Ind. Occ. p. 061; DC. Prodr. ■ ";; and Iloiik. & Benth. G«nera Plant, i, p. 182), and not iis sepals _ ^ui- FL p. U>3) on account of their being deciduouy, but thu sepals d« number of ovules in my si)echneus are about twenty in each (Hook.and Bcutli. I. c. ascribe to the gonos only two, rarely three J '-ell; GrisobacliL c. only two to four. In the Catiil. Plant. .jseh. mentions, however, a variety of T. obotalin^ llitrh., with ten t4> thiriCMin o^'uU*^ in each coll.) Sepals rosy, flowers fragrant In fiimtU on Idgh hills, rare.— St, Croix (Maroon Dill, lM)0')j St. Jau iBonlMUX Hill, nO(K). OVTTIFER.C 199. ClaflU rOMa, U (v. Cliigfrer-upplu). FL May-J^pt. Aeiiol roots as much as 20^ long, supporting the jKMujB tn«« ou rock« or other tree«i. In forests. — St Croix (rare, Wills Itay); Virgin UUmU (not uncomniou). l^ 1. L.(v.WildManjcy). • - ■ . -a (West, p. 312). Probably a mistake for the ftrst BttU. Xttt MuJL >'o. 13 3 [rare, Wills Irut named I 84 FLORA OP 8T. CBOIX AND THE VIBOIN I8LA?ffD9. 1X1. Mammea amerioana, L. (v. Harney). Fl. Feb, and later In Aug. Fruit generally one-seeded, ei*tabl Common in forests and planted along roads. — All ialan<l8. 112. Calophyllum Calaba, Jacq. (t. Santa Maria). Kl. JMay-July. In fure.sts along rivulets. — St. Croix (commou in uortbcm part of the island) ; St. Thomas (rare). CANEIiLACJGA. 113. Canella alba. Murr. (v. Whito-bork). Fl. Jan.-ApriL Berry dark crimson. Leavoe used in warm baths rheumatism. On sandy shores and in forests. — ^All islands. EBTTnBOXYI.ACE£. 114. Srythroxylum ovatum, Car. (r. Wild Chorry, BrisMelot). Fl. April-Sept. Precocious. Brancbea, as a rule, transformed brachyblrtsts. Common in thickets. — All islands. {E* arcolatum, West, p. 2S(j, and U, brcvipett, Itertero in Schleobt. rula, are, no doubt, mistakes for the species mentioned above.) ]VAL.P10UlAC£iK* 115. Byraonima aplcata, Rich. Fl. July-Aug. In forests, rare.— St Croix (Parasol Hill); BL Th< (Signal mil); St, Jan (Bordeaux). 116. B. luclda. Kich. Fl. Oct.— St. Thomas (DC. Prodr. i, 580); Vieques (Campo Asilo). 117. Bunoboala Bwaxtsiana, Gris. Fl. July. I*ediccl imiglandular and bibmoteolate at the joint. Vi much attJteked by insects. In thickets. — St. Croix (rare, Kingsblll); Thomas (not uncommon) ; St, Jan. 118. Oalpbimla glaooa. Cav. (Icon. ▼, p. 61) {O, pmciUtf, BartiO> Fl. all the yeai- round. Natunilited in gardens. — All islands. 119. MalpighU gUbra. L. (v. Cherry). Fl. May-June. Fruit edible. Cmnmon in thiclcttsw— St. Omfac; Thomns. 120. M. oreoa, L. a) axid f}) lanoeolata. Fl. Jiuie-Occ ct) oommou in thickets. — ^AU iblindji; 0) mt^, Su Croix (Spring-gut), FLORA OF 8T. CBOIX AND THE VIBQTS ISLANDS. 35 C CiddM, Bpntng. (Neoo Entdeck. iii, fit). Jane-Sept AJong roady and in thickets, not ancommou. — 5t» f Water Islumi; Vieques. 132. M. «ii«aiti/oUa. U ■^l* Jono-Oet. Ill thickets, not nncommon. — ^Watcr Island; Vicqaes. ^Hs, StSCBuphTUon peiipIoeUbUam, Jobs. ^VFL all the year i-ouiul. Saiiiane red. In tbickets, common. — All _^4. B«t«ropt«n« purpurea, Kth. FLaQ the year round. Common in hedges and thickets. — All islands. a puTlfoUa. DC. (T. DnU Vis). n lU the year rounds Am common as the preceding species. — ^All SAPRVDACE^. OwdliO»peiiUQm Halicacabum. L. (v. Bnlloon-vinc). 1. Scsit-.^farch. Rather common in tliickots and near dwellings. — Cn>ix; SU Tliomas. C. micfooatpum, Kth. R Jan^Marcb. In thickets, rare. — St Croix (Spring-gut); St Jon it). Ua BMjanU Inoida, Schoin. (v. White Vis, Cabrltc rutting). Fl I>w>-,Iuup. Stem used as rope. Common in thickets. — All isl- ^tikr-^piaullinia curossartca, Weat, p. 2dl, is no doubt a mistake fur 231 Cttpaxda AUva, Mart FL Janiuuy. lu forests, not oncommon. — Virgin Islands. Sffptodoa tzi^qoalU, DC. (▼. Soap-wed). FLDcc^on. fieeda used for ornaments. In foresta along rivulota. ■ftOQauiNni«-*St. Croix. in. l|GtaSdalU oocidentalia, 8w. Ft May-Sept Not uncommon in forests, esiKKsially in St. Grois. — UX IbUeocoa Wjaj*. U (v. Eencppy tree). RApr' " Le4(fle«>H during flowering. Flowers fhigrant Fruit li»2ei. Nuluralized and now very commoa everywhere, 36 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIBGIK ISLAJ7DS. often forming a secondary growth in cleared woodland. Introdui from tbo SpiinisU maiu. — All isluuds. 133. Dodonaea vlscosa, L, Fl. April. On windy soaphorcs, rare, — St Croix (Sandy Point), 134. Melia scmpervirens, Sw. (v. Ltluc, liagbush). Fl. all the yeai* round. Common in forests and near dwcllin^& — ^ islands. 135. TrichiUa hirta. L. Fl. Jnno-^uly. Common in thickets. — All islands. (Guttrca tftcliiUoides, Jacq., said to occur in St. Croix (West^i*. set'ms to inc nither doubtful) 136. Swietenia Mahagooi L. (t. Mobogauy). FL April-June. In wooded valleys and along roads and dwol J^ot un<iommon. — St. Croix; St. Thomas- OEBANIACC^. [CuUix'ated occur several species of Geranium, L'ller., and P« Diom, L'Uer.] BALSAinilVACE^. 137. Balaazniua hozteaais, Dcap. (v. Lnily-sliiipera). Fl. all the year round. Naturalized evej^'whero in gardeua. often germinating in the capsule. — AU islands. AUBANTIACEJB. 138. dtms medlca, L. a) (r. Citron), (i) Llmontun, UIbbo (r. Lbne). I'l. April->Iay, a) natuntlizcd, hut nire, in gardens. H) natui common in gardens and near dwellings, also in forests. — All isloudft. 139. C. Anrantium. L. a) (t. Oronge). p) Blgaradla, Dub. (v. 8eviUo Ph May-Jtdy. Both forms naturalized in gardens, wqiecially Common in St. CVoix; rare in St. Tliomaa and St. .Ian, where tli< is said to liave died out nearly, ii'om disease.— (Moutioiiod _..^ Brentel, London Jom-nal of Botany, ii.) 140. C. bajdfolla, Pft4lr. (v. Forhifldon Fniit). FL July. Xatuialized in a few places. — St. Croix; St, Tlionuift. 141. C. deoumana, L. (v. Bbnddock). Fl. Julv-Anjr. Fruit used for prewenoH. Natuniuzeii m ^ojx St. Croix; St. Thomajj. uu rtOUA OP fiT* CROIX AND THB TIKQIN INLANDS. 37 L«a. Tl^phuU toifoLUta, DC. (t. Sweet Lime). FL AprU-Juufr. Naturalized iu UiiuketB and uear dwellings. Com- ■■:-'- (K ..Li-.cs: Munaya exotica^ L. (v. Cyprian), aiid Coohia OXALIDACCf. Oxftltfl Martiana. Zurr. . 3Iay-A.a{;. Natorolizcd in gardens on all the inlands. O.ootttlcnlata, U ^) mlcrophyUa. Poir. FL an tlw year ronud. Gie^oiious in fields. — St. Croix ( Ainuilly); Thomas. ZTGOPlITLLACEiC:. L4S. Trttralaa oUtoidea, L. FL all the year round. Along roads and in open spots, gregarious. — Cms (in the eosteioimoGit port of the island only). Lie T' BMxiawia, L. (v. C<>nl}pc(vroot, Lnngln). FL «U tbc year roand. Stamens alternately of equal length. The «Me pUiDt ifi uftcd in 1>aths against boils. A very common weed aloug mdtt Atul iu xvuste place^i. — All ifedauds. UT- Ouijactnn offldnale, L. (v. Lignnm viiw, Fockenbolt). i'L Maixii-ApriL Cunimon in former times, buk now nearly ester- tikUcd. Ou the seoaliore and in fori'^sts, rare. — All islands. ^ raoeupos racemosoa. VilIU. Fl Pfb^Miirr,b. Leaves undivided, 3-foliate or impari-pinnate in tbaanw tcpecdmeu (as stated in Hook. & Benth. Genera, i, 209, and Fl. fciaL fift»c. (15), luHorescence terminal and axillary. A low tix^e. In towu, nre.— 8L Jan (RiugsbiU, 1(KK)') ; Vieques (Itavn in lib. Ilavn.). from Montserrat iu Hb. Havu. also named P. lauri/oliuj/, ■) IMInIa punctata. Or. 'StrpL Leaves often pinnate. Dots on the leaves pellueid. In not nneoinmnn. — SL Croix. Uftj-Juiie^ I>>anets )>nckly on the principal nerves on both sides, " i' H nt the ba.se. Caqiid-s 3 (2-1) globose, T\-itb a ' (titi\ S"* long. Seeds block, bhiuing. Haro iu igUill, 000'). 38 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE TISQIX tSLAHDS 151. Fagara mlcropbylla, Dest (v. Rtungoat-bnsb) {F. tra^odrnj Jncf]. hi Wcai] Fl. June-Dc€. Dots of tho leaves pellucid. The^hole plant! Rtron^' Kinell. ISot uncommon in thickets. — St Croix ^ Buck Xq near St. Croix. run ui. 192. Zanthoxylnm ClaTa-HercnliB, L. (r. Wliito Prirlcle). FL April-Jone. Aculei corky, 6'" long, greyish, with a narrow h point. In foreflta, not nncominon. — All islands. 153. Z. flavum, VahJ (Natiirh. Selak. Skrift. vi, IS:!, IBIO) (v. Yellow Bru»l< >'ot seen llo^^erin;;. A Hug timbor-trce, used for furniture, ^oj common in forests in former times, but now nearly extinct — St>, (Bortieatix mils) (9t Croix t St Thomas!) (Montserrat, Eyun in Hrtvn.) ; Martinique (West in PTb. IIunti.), 154. Z. Oobrojcylumt DC. (v. Yellow Prickle) (Z. iimpiM/oUum, Vahl in Fl. Junf^Xov. 5 Panicle 1" long; pedicels i'" long, bractea the biise decidnons. Calyx 5-paitite, J"' dlani. Petals 5, imbri white, I'" long, pellnoid-dotted. St>lo thick, j"' high; stigma* % lar. Ovaries 3 on a short gjTiophore. Can^ids 3 (1-2) globoseJ cosCj partly dehiscent, 1^"' diam. Seed shiningbhick. Stem a^ with large corky aculei, often connected anil forming long ridges the stem. Wood yellow. The M'holo plant is i>o6sessod of tho strong smell as Fagara. Not luicommon in forests, — St Thomas Hill 000') J St Jan (Kogiers) (Montserrat, Kyan in lib. Iia\Ti.; H niqne. South America, lib. llavn.). (A branch without flowers, nui Z> inacrvphyllum^ St Croix, Ryan in Hb. Havn., seems to belong to 8])ecies.) 159. Qaaeala amara, L. HI. (t. Qaasia). Fl. Xov.-Feb. yatiurulizcd in gardens. — All islands. 156. Castcla erecta, Tnri>. Fl. Feb.-June^ Petals purple, 9 with 8 rudimentary stamens, natcly of equal size. Cai-pids lf-3-1. In dry tliickets along the l coast, not luioommou. — St. Croix. 157, PloraBoa excelaa, Lludl. (v. Bitt«r-AftU). Not seen flowering. "Wood very bitter, used for stomachic in drinks. In forests, rare. — St Croix; St Jau, OLACACEJE. 198. SohoBpfia arborMoeiiB, R. S. Fl. Fob.-March. Fruit nearly always Iseeded by nlwrtioi and there in forests.— St Croix (Saltri^er, Wills Bay); St (Crt)wn, 1400'). FUIRA. OF ST. CBOXX AND TH£ VIBQIN ISLANDS 39 uticyoid««, L. (v. Latubrali, Pinun liuop). R lUl tlie year round. l'lowei*s j^uiple or ycUow. Aeiial roota long, mni. Common iu foreuU. — All u^luuds. m. C. tftfoUaU, U n ill the year round* On rocka and trees, not common. — St. Croix ; BLTbaauuL R Jtmo-Aug. In thickets near the coast^ common. — All islands. Ul Tltk MribAfl. PC. n.JiiiK*. In dense forests, rare,— St. Croix (Caledonia Gut)j St. Uam (Cromi). CELASTRACE^. U3- Martesixa elaeodendioldes. Grirt. (Cat. I'lnnt. Cub. p. &4). (Khamnut polg- f^mms, Vuhl ill Ht>. Tlavii,, iiDil iti V^cst, p. OTA.) FLDec Flower brownish, small. Calj'x .5-partite, 3"'di]im, Petals ^ffvilj I"' Joug. Stamens 5, often all or part of them transformed into pMBbiod more or Iohh sterile. Sti^a subse-ssile, 2-Iobe<l. Ovary 2- Wir, S^vulaleu I)i«o bro^-n, undidatc, J"' high. Seed black with a N ttiUmj, Rare in diy thickets. — St» Croix (Fair Plain). Ui H l»vt«aCn«, Oris, in Utt. iHJumnua Unigatus, Vfthl in Symli. Bot iii, 41 ; CnnM>aH«, DC,). R. May-Oct. Capsule tardily dehiscent-, l-3-8eeded, C" long. Seeds Iwtn, nHicidate with red veins, 2'" diam. Arillus tough, white. A toif or middle-sized tree. Not oncommon in forests. — All islands. 1ft Elaodendron xylocaximni, r»C. (v. Rimon-tpoc, Nut Muscnt). H Si^pt^Uec, tStami'.iis otten tninsfonne^l, as in ^faytenuH eUcoden- Drupe orange-coloored, 8'" long. Common ou rocky shores; >Mt QDcofDmon in St Croix. — All islands. H<>cL-May. Common in thickets, principally in marshy soiL — ^AIl &. Croix (Pfliig, sec VaUI Symb. Bot. ii, 32) j St Thomas (Schl.). &^>,*rt.-wt, trutescenv, .Tncq. VI- i;. Couimun in thickets. — All islands. 40 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE TIRQZK ISLARDSL 169. Reynosla latifoUa. Gris. (Cat. PI; Cnb. 34) <t, Guomn). Emend, in Efl VidL'usUab. Mcdd. fra Naliirhist. Forcuiiig, Copcuhngi-u, Ii*7»?. cnm icoDe,p Fl. Junp-July. Common in dry tbicketd. — Viigui IkIuihIs. 170. R. nmcroDatat, Ort& (1. c) (EggcTs, 1. o). Not seen flowering. Kore iii dry tliicket^ near the coast — St C (easternmost part of tlie island, near Taj^rao Buy). 171. Condalia fcrrea, Gri«. (v.EiUU'u-wocKl). Fl. 8ei)t,-J.'ui. Keel of tlie ealyx-Iobes foliaccons. Drnpo oval, long, ^'ot uncommon in thickets and forests. — All islands. 172. Colabiiua fennginoaa. Ilrongii. Fl. Jan. and May-July. A low Bhrub. Common on sandy tdior^ All islands. 173. C. reclinata, Unrnpn. (v. Snake-root, MaVc-liark). Fl. Nov.-^larch. Style 2-3partite. Leaves used for tJie prcpttn of etomaeliic drinks. Ifot uncommon in thickets. — All islands. 174. ZizyphoB reticulata, DC. (Prodr. ii,20) (TatrariM, VulU, Eel. Am. iii, 8). FL July. Disc brownish. CapsiUe 3-locular, one seed in each 5"' long, glabrous, Seeds i>uri»le; pulp reddish browoi In thickets, rare. — St. Croix (Fair Plain). 175. Qoaanla domiugeneU, L. (v. S<^i>-slick, 8ilvi), Fl. Oct.-Jau. Stem used iis roi>e. Common iu thickets. — All isU TEUCBIlVTIIACEf. 176. Burseragnmmlfera, L. (v. Tnri>eDtb<stTe<i). Fl. April-Sept. Protandrons. Kasily propagfatcd by large ciitt and genemlly used fur forming fences. Common in forests and a roads. — All islands. 177. Bedwt^a balaamifera, 6w. 8t. Croix (We.st in lib. Unvn. and p. 281 aa Idea althnima). 178. Amyria sylvatioa, Jarq, (v. Flainlioyant). Fl. I'Y'b.-April and July-Sept. Inflorescence triebotomoiis. resinous and usetl for torches, especially in catching lubstcrs a Not uncommon in forests. — All islands. 179. Spondiaa lutca, I*, (v. nog-plum). FL March, coetanoua, and later July. Leaves deciduoua in Fruit oval, edible. Conimou in forests. — All islands. ruOSA OF &T. CROIX AND THE TIROHI ISI^AIfDS. 41 180. & pQipares, L. (r. Jttmoioa Flam). FL Frb^March, pn^xtcioas. Naturalued in gardens and woodod val- •BtSlana. Egg. (n.sp.)- Ad Stmnch, Li^ives impari-piunatc ; leaflets 4-5-jii{^a1, potiolulato, kBQflolKe, actuninato, obtuse at tiio ba^o, entire, glabrous, cbartaceous ; ttias prominulous bcneatli. Cyme ramose; braucblcts bracteolatc, «qu&UiD{; tlie leaver. Flower iHMlicellate, small, gnnm, 5-mei'ous, mostly ^.IhereAi beriuapLaxHiite. Calyx aiid jHitals persistent in the fertile StamcuB erect, a little longer than the ixjtals, inserted into a !»hr oentiul disc j filaments villous at the base. Ovary inserted upon duirt tlwsby gynoi)hore. Drupe globose, glabrous, 1-seoded by abor- A low tree. Approaching H. metopiumy L. Fl. Jan. In forests, t Thoma* (Signal Hill, 1400') ; 8t Jan (Hb. Ilavn. as Xanthox- ). (8t Croix, Stony -ground?) lUeifoUa, Sw. (v. Pravm). y. Boot contaiuiug a lasting red dye. Common on lime- All islands, lUncifm iodlca. L. (v. Manj^trco). FL Fi'b.-April. Fnrit edible. Introduced towards the close of last ttutm^, atid now cultivateil and naturalized everywhere. — AH islands. ji IK Aatoardloin occldeatale, L. {v. Ciwhoiv, Cherry). ^K FL Dov-ApriL Pu<iicel becoming' lieshy, and containing in abund- ^^■Mli slightly a^itringent juice. Seedn used as ahuouds. Commou iu ^Hmk and slong roa4ls. — All islaiuls. us. ftouUrta vorracoui, U FL all the year round. NaturaUzed along roada. Very commou. — All 1^ C. retUM. L. Fl ill Ube yeiir round. Commou along roatls aud in waste places. ^E'tendi&Ml. — All inlands. 1*7. C btUbtia, L. Fl 5o', H golden sericeons beneath. Corolla greenish. Not VBniniMHt iu ■iiiuket«. — All islands. ■ FL« Bukm Claostu, L.{v. ]UtU<^-bDHli). FL nil ihv yror round. Stipules deciduous, the scar exuding nectar anU, Bfl wi;U as the hnse of tlie bract4M)Ie8. Common aloug roads mardwdOinga^— St. Croix; St. Thomas. 42 FLORA OF 8T. CBOIX ASV THE VIRQIX ISLA5PS. 189. Indigofera tinctorla, L. Fl. Apiil-Aug. Cultivated in former times, but now ouly found or uaturalizcd. Commou m di-y localities. — AU i&lauds. 190. I. Anil, L. FL all the year round. The whole x>lant is much attacked by u Yoiy commou in diy thickets. — All islands. 191. Tephrosia ciuerea, Pcre. a) and 0) litoralls, Pcni. Fl. Feb.-Juno. Both tonus here and there in thickets. — All isl 192. Cracoa carlbaea, Bonth. St. Croix (Schl.); St. Thomas (Gris. Fl. p. 183), 193. CoursetJa arborea, Gria. St Jan (Oris. FL p. 183). 194. Sabineaflorida. DC. (v.Watoqianna). FL March-July. Precocious. Wood used for fishpots. Gregario Common in thickets and forests. — Virgin Islands. (Cultivated in Croix.) 195. Pictetia eqaamata, DC. (Pmdr.ii, 3U) (t. Fustic). FL June. Flowering period only 5 or 6 days. Branches in tills the following species commonly trausrormed into bniehyblasts. C< mon in forests and thickets. — Virgin Islands. 196. P.aristata. DC.(Lo.)(v.Fastic). FL Feb,, March, and June-Aug. Rather common in thickets — ^ gin Islands; St. Croix (Jacq. Uort Schcenbr. ii, GO).f (Both species are i)erhaps to be united, as proposed by Jacquln.) 197. Agati grandiilora, Dcor. FL all the year round. Naturalized in gai'dens, common. — AU 11^ 198. Sesbauia serloea, DC. FL Nov. In thickets near the coast, uncommon. — St. Thonms (fi HiU). 199. iESschynomene amerioana. L. FL Xov.-rlan. In pnsliires aud along roads, not nncomn^on.— Croix. 200. Zornia diphylla, Vfn, FL July-Ang. In pastures on high hills, rare. — St-Tliomas (Sij Hill, Cn)WH). 201. XiOttTWi TMpertUtonia, Desv, FL Fob.-ApriL Naturalized In gardens, — St* Croix j 8t Thomas. »F ST. CKOIX AND THE TIROIX ISLANDS. 43 3C1 Alphmipjtm vaglaaU«» DC. R XoT.-I>t»c. Leaves very Tamble, Along roads, common. — All lOft Cftmodlum trlflonim. DC. FL lJw.-roU CouiJuoQ near ditclies and in moist localities.— All IM. D. tooonam. DC. FLOct.-.Jan. Common in pastures. — All islands. 901 D. •oorptanw. Ihi^r. RDeoJim. in jnistwres, not very common. — St Croix; St Thomas (Dochutt). 30S. DMinodhiin tortnovnao. DC. FLOtt-Jan. Couuuod in pastures. — St, Croix; St Tliomas. IM. D •ptrale, DC. flJto\.-JaJi. l^ot uncommon in pastures and along roads. — All Joe. D. mon^ DC. B RDpc-Jan. Lomentnm often 3-4-jointed. Katber common in i)as- ■ta|Mtt. Croix; St Thomas. ^ Wf 9t7to»uitlie« prooiunbenB, Stt. 11 Oi:t.-l)ec- Lomenttim in my 8i)ecimeUH always 2-joiQted. Com- mon ftN>tig mads. — AW islamltt. ^ UO 6. Tkoou. Sir. 8t.Cro(x (Wttjt, p, .301), (Perhaps a mistake for the former species.) 311 Anchl* hypogsi, L.- (t. Ptndam, Gronnd-nuto). Ft Uxy~\ug. Seeds u.se<l for making cakes or eaten roasted. Cuiti* *iM oml oatunilixcd. — All islands. tUL Alinu pnEcatoriua, L. (v. Jtiinl>eo-tK-ai1, Scniblirr, Wild Liqnorico), Kl()ci.-lVlK Ix!uve« Hhwl for washiug clothes. Common in thick- * and on hedges.— All islands. 2U KbynohoaU mlolma. DC. a) and /?) Iutea> Egg. ft all ilie year round. Seeds black, with small grey spots, a) Stand- .1 vith puq)le; a low <'lind>er. fl) Standard uniformly yellow ; ■tiz up t" ♦■' I'Otli forms common in pastures and tliickets. — All 44' FLOBA OF ST. CBOnC AKD THB VTBODT lOUllBiL 214. R. phaseololdes, DC. Fl. March. Stem laterally compressed. Bare in forests^-St (Signal Hill, 12W}. 215. R retloulata. DC. Fl. all the year round. Leaflets as long as If. CommoD and along roads. — ^All islands. 216. Cajanns indloOBi Spreng. (v. Pigeon-pea, Vendn boonlje). FL all the year roand. Seeds nsed as a common vegetable Gulttvated and natnralized. — ^AU islands. 217. Clitoxla Tematea, L. (t. Blae Vine). F]. all the year round. Common in thickets. — ^All islands. 218. Centroaema virgfnlaTinm, Bentli. o) and 0) angoatUcdliim. Fl. all the year round. Very common in ditches and on feo islands. 219. Tetamnoa unoinatna, Sw., tot. alUflomai Egg. FL Sept.-March. Corolla 1^'" long, constantly white. Lc long, black, pilose. Common in pastures and along roads. — £ St. Thomas. 220. Oalactta fillfonniB, Bonth. FL Oct.-Jan. Roots often bearing small tubers. Common cts. — All islands. 221. a. tenuiflora, W. & A. FL L>b.-,Juiie. In forests, rare. There seems not to be niasoii for uniting this species to the preceding, as done by G J,. IIM.— St. Thomas (Flag nill); St. Jan (Kogiors). 222. Vigaa luteola, Bentb. (v. Wild Pea). J'L nil the year round. Common in moist localities. — ^AIl isl 223. Dollohoa lablab, L. (D. hcnghalensis, Jacq.)* FI.hM the year round. Seeds brown. Very common along Hliorrit. — All isIandH. 224. Pliaaoolua lunatua, L. (v. Bonny Vis). I'i. I»<r.-K«-b. Corolla white or rosy. Xatunilized in tliit tU'ur <l\v<'llint;M. — All iHlauds. UStO. /» h. vulgaris, L. (v. White Bean). ///^^r(,h^.luly. Cultivated and natnralized near dwdlii PLOBA OF ST. CBOIX AND TH£ VIBGIN ISLANDS. 45 2S6 Fk tUtUB, L. 8t.(Vou(\VvJBt, p,299), W ?b. Mml«reotua, L. R an ihe year round. Flower expanded only in the snn. Common ilutg roads suid in iHistnrcs. — All islands. 23ft CiatTaliB panriilora, Ui-uth. CFlur. Bras, xv, i, 177). R Feb. Intidif sceuce extra -axillary (as in C, bonarienttis^ lAniW, Bot. Brj;. 1191)). Legume broad on the back, without prominent ridges, 3" iuuS, IJ" hroad. Seeds crimson, shining, |"loug. In forests, rare. — SL 1lH>tmi8 (Signal Hill, 1300'), J29. C^dlata. DC. ft) enslformls, DC. (v. S»iur-oyc8, Overlook) {DoHehot fltriwa- ci>nM^, Jiici). Irou. Ror. t. 5rj9). Br>t. Mag. 4027. rLAnjj.-Dec. ^atnralizeiPin provision grounds. — St. Thomas (Signal C obtMifoUa. DC. {DoUchns mtvndifoUvSj Yulil). PI ill tho yf'Af rotmd. Common along the seashore. — ^All islands, n 293. Mnoma prnrieu, DC. (v. Cow-itch). ■ ROut-Xov. In Hhudy valleys. Rare. — All islands. I 232. GrTlhiliiA Corftllodendroo, L. (v. Flamboyant). ^■tfl Fub.-Apnl. Prt'cocion^. Stamens all of unequal length. Rather ^^Rnon, eAi»etriaIly along roads and near dwellings. — All islands. 233. S. horrlda, Kgg. (a.«p.), Fl F(*b.-March. Very prickly. Ap[troa<*ljiug to the preceding, but itHiD, bmnchcs, petiole, and leaf ribs on both sides armed with stoat lltfTAight pricldeH*, legume tervte,long'b<*aked. A low tree, branches libmL In forests, not uncommon, — All islands. ^J9i FiNUU EiTtbriaa. h. (v. Dog-wood, Stint-tree). PI. Mflrcb-ApriL PreiMx^ions. Only thuse individuals that flower drop tt* lores. Common in thickets. — All islands Its. DtepoiiocaTpuB Innatuft, M«y. ■ ALCroix (liwrt, 1787, in Hb. Uavn; West, p. 298). 22C BtcaMopbyUnm Brownel, Pcra. PLiQni9-I>e& Jfwt aacommon on sandy shores. — ^All islandBt ^T Aadtra locnilll, 8w, (r. Dv£ Almond, Uoalard Maloifiiiiy. Hun Kloot). nd Dec. Xot uncommon in forests and along livn- 46 FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 238. Sophora tomeutosa, L. Fl. July-Jan. Along sandy shores, rare- — St. Croix (Wbittfa Baj Turner's Hole). 239. Myroapennum fratesoens, Jacq. Fl. May-Juiie. Lcgiuuo i-esiuous. Ifaturalizetl near ilwelliiigs-— SL^ Croix. 240. H^matoxylon campechiannm, L. (v. Logwood). Fl. Ft'b.-May. The y<Huig plants prickly on the stem. Here there on samly shores. J^Ioro coinmon iit former times. — AU island^., 241. ParkUuonia aouleata, L. (v. Hotse-beau). FL all the year round. Common in dry localities. — All inlands. 242. OuUandlna Bondtto, L.(r.T(*llow Niekon). FL May-Oet, Coumiou along Bandy HlA)re8. — All islands. 243. O. melanospenna, Egf;. (n. np.) (v. Black Nirlirtn). Fl. June-Oct. Itesembling the precedinuj but leallot^ BuiaUer, g\ brous, shining, prickles rad and seeds shining-black. Seoda used fc oraameuts. In dry thickets neai'theshorc, rare. — St Croix (Sandy Point, Grape-tree Bay). ■ 244. O. Bonducella, L. (v.Qrey Nickars). " Fl. all the year n>und. Anthers successively dehiscent. Flower* „ polygamous. Very common along sandy shores. — AU islands. 245. Ceoaalpiula pulchenima, Sw. (v. Dudeldu). FL June-Dec. Bracteolos large^ subulate, but deciduous before th^ e.vpansion of the llowcr. Commonly natunUize^l along roails aud dwellinga. — St Croix; St Thomas. 246. Foindana regla. Hqj, (Dot Mag. 2884) (v. Fkunboxaut). Fl. May-.Tuly. Bracteole-s as in the preceding. Leaves de<Mdn:w Dec-April. A handsome tree of very quick growth. Naturalized gardens and near dwellings. — St. Croix ; St. Thomas. 247. Lobidlbia ooriarla, ScM. (v. Dividivi). Fl. April-May. Legume used for tanning purposes. Itather commi on drj- hills. — Virgin Islands (St Croix, cultivated). 248. CaaaU Flatula. L. Fl. Sept. Naturalized hero and there in shady valleys. — St (The William). 249. C graudia, L. (v. Llqnorice-tiw). Fl. April^iily. The pulp containing rhaphides in abundance. Nat- uralized and cultivated near dwellings. — St Croix j St. Thoinaa. FLOKA OP ST. CaOIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 47 lsaCbMUIuls.L. VLNnv^May. ComxnoD in thicl^cts and woods on high hills. — St Ul C blc«p«alaz1a, L. (v. 8tiTerT>uab, Styror bla). H all the year round. Vei^- common in waste jtlaces. — All islands. 331 C fladda, VuhL RDiH!, X«tundize<l near towns. — St. Thomas. 391 C fadflora* L. 0) ansvstUUiqaa, Lam. Fl, JTor^May. In Uiickets, rare. — St Croix (Longford). IM. C. lUta. L. (T. Goldvn Cnndlcntick, Fleitl). R May-Xov. Along rivulets, not uncommon. — Virgin Tdands (nat- nnliiwl in St, Croix). 3S1 C. occidentaliB, L. (r. Stinking-Trcod). FL all tUe yiMT rouiiil. Root used against fever. A very common i«cd near dwellings and in waste places. — All islands. ^ C obtnalCaUa. L, RJwMvNov. Common in dry localities. — St Croix j St. Thomas. (C. trijhra, Vahl (Eclog. Am. iii, p. 11) (West, St Ci-oix), ia a doub^ W i{iecio». I have not been able to hnd the original specimen of Vahl aflKHarn.) ^7 C. ctendttlosa. L. a)atrictB, Schl., and 0) ramoaa. Fl ill the year round. Both forms common in pastures and along '^•Av— AU JsldDda. J' . i-ar ronnd. iCma} SLTliomas. In the same localities as tbo preceding. — St m. ftmarindna Indioa, L. (T.Tomaiiud-tTee). FL MiiTch^ uuc KaturaUzod everywhexe, especially near dwell- tBS>^All lAlands. M Uyvmomm. Courbadl, L. (v. Locnst-troo). Ft Jan. and Jnl>-Aiig. Bracts large, early deciduous. The wood is isttoillait timber on account of its l>eing very hanl and close-grained. ^ bcwtA, here and there. — All islands. Ml. BuUaU tomtntou, L. FlMay^iine. Lwivea partly deciduous in Sfarch. Naturalized In Jfwloa iud near dwellings.— St Croix ; St Thomas. ^^ =TOBA. OF 3T. CBOIX ASD THB VIBGIH XBLAIM. 162. 3. in^ola. -■ tct\ 'ff3 ir^r^T^^^ »M—»— ■■!■ r - I'^.Mifmiiofi*^ 1. ~— -iT. I'anzrouzed uetir dwellings and in shady vaOc ".. ^JL^ ^-.nrzikr i.T>nrMT]mg as many as A seeds. Bare^— Bock It ". .^ ixc '^ar -rjuniL 3oxh rbims oommon in pastores and i :. lI :u' tur 'tuLuu. Ill r)^2^nln^!3 :uid along roods. — St Croix ntT<. 'I:. Si-wait-; 'vir^iu Uiuiid!} common). . i-iN'i. I 'it ii;^ii "nil.-*. — St. i.'i-oix \\\':it, p. 31:i ; liisspec ■y. ■ „:;u It ill. !la\ :i.. ; Vir^m I>lainls i*:ommon). •■• .! In- \r.ir -ituiMi. LoaiU'ts i-losin;; to^ii^ther in stroDj;^ sui ;,,,:^ iMti (M- ':iin*> wtiik, -iUi'h us cnllai-s, ba^ikets, etc. Verj' co ^- : ^ >\iirti\ iiNt..is M'niutlaryjri-owth oil fleiired woodlands. — Allit • ' Mm .■u',\ sicMi I'lirriishod with sti-on;^ black acoleL Xatm .. .:. .,;\ \i:U\s. . Si. ("i-oi.x i<.'ix'4ui.s). »^.t ( •«ti«lillfii, U \ \!ii.irrl '. •' M i\ i!r,i\»t\. I >*■!■. ProtaiKlnni:?. Youii": foliage reddish. ,-;. ,: MM li-ii. .M . V low live. Couiuiou iu thickets and woods. — ■• K «t»»«j«»»\»**. I v.,v. iv.C.«ch-an<l-kt^p, WTiitc Police). • *iv .-M-rt St**m •;eiu'rallyanpiliir or even winged. Averj All I u b.t tio uvurviHl spiues of which often make thickets ix SMtiHiou (Ml dry hills.— Virgin Islands. FLOBA 07 ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 49 an k onexmouttha, HB. 0) Blabrena (v. Stink Cnshll). Fl Def.-Aprtl. A shrub or low tree. Wood oxhaling a very dis- i^nttthlf odour. Coiuniuii in thk'kuts on diy hilK — All iKlandrt. m. A. tertoowi, W. (V. Cuahii). Fl sfl Iht* year round. Flowers fraj^ant. Bracteoles rliomboidj cUiate. Oftdi gre^aiiooB. Commou on dry bills. — All islaude. ,A-Puii««teiM. W.(v.OdAlifi). .all thv yeAT ronnd. Flowers iVa^mt ; bracteoles spathulate, ciliatt*. FoBajcuor UUH and the two former 8pC'cie» eaten by goats, and their wood inezally lued for making chan-oal. Common in dry localities. — All tn.AanMea. W. TL Xor.F-JaD. 27atui*aUztid near dwellings.^ — St. Croix; St Thomas. am A Lebbek. Vr.(Y,Thilwt-!Tw). R. April-Sept* Leiivea deeiduoas Xov.-Mai*cb. Flowers fragrant. by wkttle. Tlie tree is often overgrown by Loranihua emar- M- . -.Liirsdized in pa«fui*es and elsewhere. — St. Croix (very eoni- i); Vbgin Inlands (common, except St Jan, where the tree seems not (0 thrive). fi. frmdo^a, W,, vnr. etfhindulomj St Tliomas, is mentioned by •^ittirht<'Jid»l AS ApontantHiUH, but, being an Kn^t Indian Kpecie-K, is most I«^Wyonly cultivated or at most mituralized. I have not seen tho ui the island.) fn CaUUodra portoricezul*. Donth. H IVh. Climbijig bj- the aid of young brancheH that twine themseivea woaml the branches of other trees. In forests, rare. — St Jau (King's ffitf);T»cqDe8. !*ft Cpnrparea. IWntk. (v, SoWier-wood, \Vo<rt), StCniix (Gria, Fl. p. 224, probably on the authority of West Tliis •*W, however, says, p. 312, that the tree is only cultivated in the isl- •i Ilk Kpedroens are in existence in Rb. Uavn. I have not seen the >n.C.8Mua.Gri«,(v.(»anl Tliibrttrcc). ClMny-Anp. A voiy large ti-ee of qnick growth. Nataralixed near ^Hhtpiaud pbinte<l lUong roads. — St Croix; St Thomas. 'tt Pttbcooroblnm uneoiii-omtl, th-ntli. a) anri ji) toxfex, Klh. (v.CralvprickV). fictiC^au. O.^'nophorc 1'" long. Seeds black, shining; iLrillus VMd for fishi>ots. Both forms cooimon on limestone and noil,'— All islands. tfalU. Kftt Mvis. No. L3 i • -'li..... 1.; 2')ineiana *•■■- te ■ . .V f0. ■I oaivu*— All Ulii , —1.: .. -^- ■■ . ;<i. L.. are cu - •*-:'::_: -^ir::*iantlyall i - J. :j-i:i'rr : zrailaala< -tsn «.£.£. ■1... !^. ::jri>amii.*n. — AH i^k FLOBi. OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLASDS. 3«lB.Polf«tU. DC. ,noiaag(Gri8.FL:.>30). 51 'at S mautSooU, DC. FL July-Sept Leaves vimablc, distichona. Flowera strongly fni- (juL Wlien not flowering, tbo shrub emits a i'oetid smell. Itatber «ouum In forestt.— All i^Uinda. m. B umarU, Pvir. FL AaK«-Oct. Leaves variable. Petiole reddish. In thickets; nw^t, Croix (Lebanon Oill, Fair Plain). 291 B Utexiflora, W. (£. oordala, DC. ProOr. iii, 273, And probably E. HsaUifiora, ib. FL Sept*-^ov. Leaves very variable, ovato, ouncate, or oblong. :8cssile or subsessile, crowded in the axils. Berry globose, diazn. Common in thickets and furest^s. — All islands. ML a MHfllflora. Vulil (Symb. Bot ili, G4). Flittly-Oct. Fioijt large, rosy, %*'-V* diam. Flowers sessile, large, «Wi, fi"' diani. In tliickets, not nnconmiou. — StCroLrj St. Thomas (CMr^IIiU). (Rrtli DC. and Oris, seem to confouTul these two very distinct species, ^ ttowvrn and ihnts of which are highly diCfercnt in most resiiectij, W!. Prodr, iii, 373, says of his E, sesailiflora : Fructus dlmidio minor E, lateriflorocy yet immediately abo%'e he says of this latter species: tiw H sena. i^moti. Vald's descripti<m is \ ery correct, also, of tho toiOf irhich ho says: Pruui magnitudiue, globosos.) ^ Hlbfvovlrenfl, lUtrg (I.e.). St iuk (Kavn in lib. Ilavn.). M & lUbrata. DC (Pndr. iil. 274). I^ & |»a«a«, DC. {E. mitidxL, VRhl in Hb. Havn.) (v. Crotnborry). ftfiept^Kov, Leaves shining. In forests, uncomn»on. — All islands. ** t KvtoMtM, Polf. (DC. PrmJr. 1. <i,3ft3). ^ ifto (in forentey Berg in Linnsea, xxx, G62) ; St. Croix (Moont Eagle, Leaver variable. Common along the seoahoro and FLORA OF ST. CBOU A5D TBE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 53 in Punloa srao>t^iUB> '•• (^- Pnmpgrunnte). Jl ApriMVL Flowiu'8 cTuusou or yellow Fruit the suiae. ^atnr* in ralleys and near dwellings. — All islands. Hi MoartxU domlnseiuiS) Walp. (PetaUtma Mouriri, Sw.)^ ^1 ' 'audoniiiB Gut, West, p. -'.S5, and Hpecimens in lib. Havn.). [l-.: a species; Jf^riu* cowmwnw, L. (v. Myrtle), and Couroupitti ^MMMM, Aubl. (V. IN^atmeg).] nnQLASTOMACC^. ni ClldasBte hirta, Don. bLTliutuas (Uiedle see. >'andin, Ann. des sc. nat. 1853, sviii, p. 532). ne C. iploftta, DC. PL .lnne-July, In forests, not uncommon, — All islands. >lf C. rabrai Mut. SLThiimas (Oris. Fl. p. 248j Finlay seo* Xaiidin, 1. c). 31& Oiploohita sermlaU, DC. • R. r'lli.-May, Not uncominoa in wooded valleys. — St. Croix j St. lU Tvtnayfiia elataenoldes, DC. n Apiil-Aug. Common in forCHts and on high hills. — All islands. W. KioonU ar£7Tophylla, DC. StTliumMJS (Fliiliiy sec. Xandin, Oris. Fl. p. 256). ^ M. ImpvtloUxift, Dmu. IttTca an long lis 1 j' St Croix (West in lib. ITa\-n.); St, Thomas ^Hi R p. 250; Bunpland see. Kaudiu. Montserrat (Kyan in lib. ^ « pnalna, DC. ^Tbomiis (fii«dl4? sec, Xaudin). ' I uly. In forests, not uncommon. — All islands. Ui It ■eccuMlibUA, OrU ^^lArch. A guod-8i£ed shrub, often gregaiioua on limestone.— St. in IIlKlIavTi.); Virgin Islands (not uncommon. Mont- "' 'Uvn.). ; ' ics mentioned by Xaudin as having been collected Tbutuan I omit as being a mtber doubtfiU habitat. These are: ty Gri^. {Miwnia, Naud,); Crt'manium amygdalinmny ,'«*atf, 1^*-.;, and Kepncra aquaticOf Xaud.J :r^ ' '' S-JIX AHD THE ViadlK ISLANDS. -> luu. riieie in moist localities.— St. Croix (Lover ' . riiyiuas (Flag HiU). Liii :^yxnb. Bot. iii, 66) (r. Prickle-irood). '*^:(a:iuu:^ Petiole bibracteate abov« the niiddk. i^ ^1^ .i.>iiisc. — St. Croix (rare; Fair Plain, Stony ...&uu:« L'uiumon). . . ^.x«. Mtcvunia inernm. It. {V, Mignonette), ttoALifff- . 'juetju of' Flowers).] . ^ %iUbiot>M. u. a) lignstzlfoUa, Kth. ... •■niitU Uere and there in moist places.— St Cfoii . .1 ^ouA : :5t. Thomas (Caret Bay). BH1ZOPHORACE.C . ... Maiifjis, I,. ,v. Mangrove, Man^elboom). ... tMiiui. Ci ivirarious along the shore of lagoons.— All v\ •tu;iiu>k:i Xotiser, 1877, Lund, and Vidensk. Meddfra .'n*;;;ij; '« Coponhugcn, 1877-78.) rCUBBETACE^. ... K ."^Lii'^M, ! . ,^v. Vlmond-trco). . ..!aS'i>i. Naturalizod in valleys and near dwellings. — ■ ., ...I . \ ir^iu Ii*lands (rare). i. ..» -.u'cuK^a. ll. (v.^Vliito ManRrovo). . w.;. -I'liml. AVood used for fl-shpots. Common in salt- V'! jnI.iihU. 4». I ^N.iliv^'i'ryi. V splvudid timber tree. Leaves often attacked by * .,iv' Kuu/e niyn»l. Ilofte, ii, 148). Flowers often tnii*^ iNiuvsiiies (tiguretl already in P. Browne's Jamai*^*^ ii.>:i w \.ilU'\s and especially along the coast. — All i=* ■It.'Sl' .\\ • .li«K' 1 .4 t V ^ r.iirton-wond V a> and 3) procumbens, Jaoq. ;i. \».ii u'liiul. (\unuK»n along the coast and in lagoons FLOHA OF ST. CROIX AND TH£ VIRGIN ISLA5DS. 55 CI7CITR11ITACEJE. (OtbftK Flora, and Xamlui : Aimalus dca sc. nat. 185U, '63, '63, uid *66.) 333. ftSoao«dic« Charuitia, L. a) and ^) pfteudobalBamina (r.Maid-npiile). ^FL Dec nod A|>rU-Apg. Cuuiiuoa on fences and near lUtchcs. — All )34. Luff- •*exa. (Sjn. Mou. ii, 03) (Z. Petota, HcK Wight Icon, ii, t. 41K>) ft yi Oct-Dec Tendril 5-fid. Fruit brown, 4" long. Naturalized on It Croix ; St- Thonian. Cttcntblta Pepo, l>. a) (r. ptimpkui) uu«1 /j) Melopepo (v. B<]ua8h). FI. May.-Nov. and Feb. Fruit used extensively as a vegetable. SoBmlised and cultivated. — All idiuids. >M> Utcmaria ▼al^aTlit Bvr. u) (t. Gobie) and ^) ▼lacoaa, Egg. (v. BiiUn- Gobiu). PL SffpU-Jan. The whole plant lias a strung smell. Tendi'il 2-fid. ^Inves vitK*ontt, ]K;t1olo bij^luudular near the top. Used as a blister. Ifol VBooininon in waHte places, a) on fences. Fruit used lor goblets.— dL Croix; St Thomas. Sn. Vfllothrta perrafii, Oris. K I*<'c-April. In thickets, not uncommon. — All fslnnds. Cuomola Ajigiula, L, (v. Cnt-iitubtT). Ji^iu-March. Anthers glabmus in tlie bud, pilose aj\er dehiscence, *«lIit^tiojg the pollen. Iterry used for soup and pickles. Common in IMtazn and i>u feiu'^A. — ^All islands. n) OlphaUadra Indloa, Kand. (I. c. 18^, p. 14) (CocHnia, W. & A.). H IVir^tuQe. Xuturalizod near dwellings and in shudy vidleys, — StCmix, MO. TlUaoipmaB sniclUfloniiu, Grls. (7. Iklatujmi, Naud.)> Ft XoT^^an- Leaf 3-5 lobed. Tendril often bifid. In forests, not BMwunDtL— AU islands. Ml T AeiCatJom, Hart. (S^st. nat. mod. vcg. Bma. 79) (BryoHia, Lsm.)- Fl ^' •^ ' 1 ". sts, not uncommon, — St. Thomas (Soldier BJ^y); at., au AacBcU cillobftta, L. fitCfUx (Uam's liluff, West, p. 305). '^ A- ilowrttta, CfCfC' (n. «p.). ATchand May-Anp Root tulH'rous. Stem suffniticose, , T-'v-Hs alternate, ovate-tnangulatc or 3 lobed, some- r>r> FLORA OF ST. GBOIX AND THE YIBOHr ISZJLHBS. tiiiu's :Vinirtlti\ luirrowly cordate at the base, denticoIatCy acaminalK^ M*a1iiMU$ ubuvc, whitish pubescent beneath. Tendril simple. 9 flowcn ;;U>inorato, sostaiile or subsessile, 8-20 iu the glomemle. Calyx iiioeobl» I > liiulrioal, Huiall. Petals 5, orange-coloured or red, lanceolate, erect, 9** Ion;;. iStyle biliU; Migiuas tliick, globose, obsoletely 2-lobod. Oraiy S- ItH'ular; ovules 3-8 iu each cell. Berries densely glomerate, sessile v suliKossilo, oval, glabrous, striate, red, 8"' long. Seeds 3-8, nroeolato- ^lobosc, vernicose, brownish, 2'" long, i unknown. A high dimber. iSti'in ot'tou y diaiu. at the base, succulent. In forests, not nnooni* iniin. — St. Croix (JacoVs Peak, Clarcmout,); St. Thomas (FicaraPeoiii- Nula). All (\i<rurbitaceai are protogynous. [Cultivated si>ocies: Scchium cduie^ Sw. (v. Choco); Cucumu aatirnttL y\. MuMt»n-cucuiiiber); 0. il/Wo, L. (v. Muskmelon), and Cifrullut tid- ./III i«, Sriinider (V. Watermelon).] PAPAYACE^. S-A4 Clmltiii Pnpaya, L. (v. rnpiiw). I I Miin-li-Aug. Stom often branched. Fruit used as a TegetaUb t tMiiniiiii iii'iu- dwclliugs and in waste places. All islands. P ASSIF LOR AC£ .C t * 1 ravalJIdra auberoia, L. (v. Vu\t, Iiidi;;ivlH*rr}'). I I .i*;|ii. Dec. Common on rockh and fences. — All islands. *k.i r |falllr|il, I.. II 1 1. 1 I ><■«■. Ill forests, rare. — St. Cix)ix (Wills Bay); St. Jan. a » 11.) . aVi-sl, p. JJO. t itl I' |i»llrtfrt, ''ilV. )i I iiitiM.i-i ^S4•hl.). > . .1 I' 1 iiiiiti, 1.. I t 1. |.i l<N. Iri foii'sts and on roeks. — St. Ci*oix (rare); Virgin Id- • ii-l -.i ■ittiliimi;. • ■ > I- i.i>.ii(..n>t, I,. (V. H*-lN:i]>i)1i-). M .11 iiii ',1 .11 roinid. Lcaf-niiujrin ^landulifeiT»U8. Ben^' fragrant, ■■> iiiiiii, ,111 tdiliN' pulp. In thirkcts on liigli hills (i>erhaps only nat- M.iii .ill .Mill i-iilli\:ilfd. — All islands. ii t, p. :tlM). FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE ViaOiN ISLANDS. 57 SSa. p. ftatlda, L. <v. Love in the mUt). FL Sept-Jan. Protandroiu. Ou fences and uear ditches, common. — St Croix ; St. Thomas. [Cultivated species : P. quadrangular^^ L. (v. Grcnadilla), the berry' of which is ediblcj TVRNERACEiE. 353. TDiiMniiilinllblia. L. FL March-Oct. In waste places, common. — ^All islands. 354. T. puTlflon. Bcnth. FL Sept^Dec and Jan.-May. Leaves always eglandalar; calyx not tomentose. Gregarioas on rocky seashores, rare. — St Thomas (Cowell's Hill; ; Buck Island, near St. Thomas. CACTACEJB. 355. aCunUUzU iUtom, Link (Pfciffcr Enum. Cact. 1837, p. 11) {M. iorioleMiB^ Hort. Bexol.). FL all the year round. Flower jiale yellow; berry clavate, purple. Seeds brownish. On rocks near the seashore. — Buck Island and Flat Cays, near St Thomas ; Tortola (Pf.). 356. Melooactna commania, DC. (v. PopC'V Head). FL all the year round. Berry clavate, puri>l<?» 3" long. Seeds black, verrncose. Up to four feet high. On dr>' hills and rocks, especially Dear the shorc^ — All islands. 357. M. atTOMUiKiiineiu,-Hoxt. Bcrol. St- Thomas (Pf. 1. c- p. 44). 35A. Cerena floccoaiis, Hort. Bcrol. (v. Dikto). FL Oct.-July. Berry depressed globose, dark ciimson, 1^" diam. Palp red; seeds small, black. On dry bills in thickets, common. — All uilaads. 359. C. afinatn% Otto. St. Thomas (Pf. L c. p. Ql). 360. C. txluiBnlaria, Haw. (r. Cbiggor-appio). FL July. Berry large, crimson, edible, 5" long, oval. On tivcs and rocks in forests, not uncommon. — All Islands. 3€1. C- modiflonu, Haw. (t. NighthUMmiiug OrciiH). FL May-July. Katoralized in gardens and near d wc lUngs. — St Croix ; St. Thomai. 58 FLOBA OF BT. CBOIX AND THB TIBOm IBUUTOS. 362. Opontia oorauavloa, Mill. (v. Bncken). Fl. all the year round. Berry purple, |" long, Glavat& Giega in dry localities, which aie often rendered impenetrable by its pieo Very common. — ^All islands. 363. O. Tuna, Mill. (v. Prickly Pear). FL aU the year round. Beiry ovate, crimson, edible. Seeds m black. Used for fencing purposes. In dry localities, very oommc All islands. 364. O. honlda, Salxn. <t. BoU-enckers). Fl. all the year round. Flower reddish-yellow. In diy looalities, i mon. — St. Oroix ; St. Thomas. 365. O. aplnoalwlma. Mill. Fl. all the year round. Spines white, 5-8 in each duster, deddi on the stem. Flower J" diameter. Plant reaching 20'-25' high. In thickets, common. — ^AU islands. 366. O. tabenmlata, Haw. (t. French Prickly Pear). FL the whole year. Flower small, yellow. Branches used for ] tices. Plant 10'-15' high. Naturalized and planted near dwellin| St. Croix; St Thomas. 367. O. cocoinoUifera, Mill. Fl. all the year round. Plant 15'-20' high. On limestone, un mon. — St. Crois^ St. Thomas. 368. O. catocantha, Hort. Berol. St. Thomas (Pf. 1. c. p. 16G). 369. Peireakla acnleata, Mill. (v. Surinam Gooseberry')' FL July. Fruit acidulous, edible. Xaturalizcd and cultivated.- Croix; St. Thomas. 370. P. Bleo, HB. K. Fl. all the year round. Sepals accrescent on the fruit. iKatura and cultivated in gardens. — St. CroL\ ; St. Thomas. [Cultivated species: Cereus perucianusj Tahamrj C. monoclonoB^ . C repandusj Uaw., and C. PhifUanthns, DC] CRASSlTLACEf. 371. BryophyUnm calycinnm, Salisb. (v. Wonderful Leaf). FL Jan.-March. — ^Naturalized in dry localities, common, gregaiioo All islands. PLOKA OF 6T CBOIX AND THE VIBOIN ISLANDS. 59 Pft&JLX «p*c]oauin, WiUd. {H\m^c. Plant, iv, p. 112^). ««?ij (Iow<*rinj;. Luatleto 8, of unequal size, tlie central ones lur- MATf^n sUghtJy unUulntv and dcnticiilaUi, Up|»cr snrfaco covered idbOiQt And dtx'idnnuH ranrie4ite hairs; tomentum on the lower aur- adoimrt. A low txee. In forests, very rare. St. Jan (King's ', OQ the northern slojie of the hills). (Cuba, Purto Eicu, Ca- innBELLIFER.IE:. ighssn fceHdnm. L. [)W-May. liictoiiaL Along rivulets and in moist places, rare. "nsmKUM (Can-t Bay). iMlbiBB Biweoluis, L. (v. Dill). Xatoh-Oct. Naturalised along roods and near dwellings.— All 'aUivated species: Petn>8efinwn Mtivum, Hofila. (v. Ts^Bley); Daucm L» (r. Carrot) ; PimpincUa Anisumy L. (v. Aiiise); Twniculum wl- [V, Fennel); AiUhriscwi oer^o/iwwi, L, (v. Chei'vil), and fneeolenSy L. (v. Celery).] LORATVTHACEA. Bmiir^xiattiv, 8w. (v. nnaa-ir:ira'boom). the 3rftar ronnil. Inflorescences uniseiial. On trees, especially ^ IMfJi and Pi^onia nuhcordata, Comuou. — All islaiida. Wm idamliTOD flaTena, GriA. 1 Apiil^une. Batal conipre«Bed, green, with white bands. On Pi- ftkordatay rare.~6t. Croix (Stony Ground). CAPRIFOLIACEf. Altirjted otxtxr: Sambueug nigroj L. (Fl. April-July), and Lonicera 'i««, L. (t. ilouey-suckle).] nrBiACEjE. n.lttijr. In ftjrt'KiM oo Tiigh hilln, rare, — St, Thomas (Crown); St. Jon Proit black, shining. In dry thickets, uncommon. '■ tiir Plalu). i.r; I*. I" vi t'v TLORk or ST. CaOIX AND TBE TIBOIK ISLANDS. 61 w Mg. In forefite, rare. — St. CroU (Fair Plaiu); St ilOMBittini venloolon VahL Oct^Dcc. PwlieelB often transroiiDed into 8i>incs, as mcntiouod . (Prodr. iv, 484). Leaves 2'"-3'" long.— 8t Ci-oix (West and llyan Bxivu*); SU Tliomnjs (rather common in thickets); Water Xsluod. 5 frutlcoMa, L. o) nurt 3) odorlfera, Janq. I .Murch. AJoiig the coast, not imconimon. — AU islands. Clitooocc^ rae«mo«a, Jiu-q. March-Dec. In forests, coramon. — All islands. Ixora forrea, Brntli. Fpb.-May ulid Xov.-T)ec. Among rocks on high hills over 1200', [VQCttoimoQ.-— St Tliomns (Crown). aiabloa. L. (r. Cuffwtreo). May-July. Berrj' r\\wi Nov.-Der. Naturalized in Hhndy localities. ly ealUvate<l on most estates on u small scale, principally in St. -All ulnndM. I odoratiMima. DC. (v. Willi Coffee). JuKL In thieket.H on hi;^!i liiHs.— St Croix (West and Benzon in nam.); Vir^rin iHlaudH (notimcommon). --1.—^. -labrata, fiw, . llL^re and there in shady valleys. — All islands. Maj. In thickets on high hills, rare. — St Thomas (Crown, IGOC). *Ttukts-Sei)t In woods, common. — All islands. >.>iot1ionra«a. fiw. ■ItMsy-Dec- AJiiug roads and in thickets, common. — All islands. y*»rtt<, DC. a) BUtl fl) vur. rocea, Kjxs;. Wk and Ang. A) corol!a-Iobes I'osy, anthers bluish, and stem In forests, not uncommon. — fi) all islands, a) St Thotuas dUiibll'i. V I '. t'aiii killer). -AniT. I>'a\%.-^ ii.-M.tl agaiu.st headacho. Naturalized in gai'- : St. Thomas. 62 FLORA QF 8T. CBOIX AHD THB TIBGOT JSUJSXiB. 405. Gtoopbila renifonni«, Cham. &. Sobl. Fl. Deo^Tan. and Ang. On the ground in denae woodSi la Thomas (Signal Hill, St. Peter) ; Vieques (Hb. Havn.). 406. Bmodeft Utoralla, Sw. • Fl. Dec^May. Along sandy coasts, not imoommon« — ^All islai 407. DlodU riglda^Chom. & ScbL (Llzmaia, iii, 341). St. Thomas (Schl.). 408. D. ■aznxentou, Sv. St. Thomas (Schl.). 409. Spermaoooe tennior, Lam. (t. Iron-graas). a) and ^) angostUisUA, '. Fl. all the year round. ^) leaves linear-lanceolate. In pastn along roads. Both forms common. — ^AU islands. 410. Borrexla ▼ertiolUata, Hey. Fl. Hay-Oct Soffiniticose. In pastures on hills. — St Cro Havn.) J St Thomas (not uncommon on Crown). 411. B. strlota, Mey. (Primit. Fl Esseqaib. p. 83). Fl. Dec.-March, In pastures, here and there. — St Croix i Ground). {B.va^inatiZy Ch. & Schl. (St Thomas, Schl.), is a donbtfol (DC. Prod, iv, 551).) 412. B. parvlflora, Mcy. Fl. March-June. Along roads and in forests. — St. Croix (Be lib. Ilavn.) J St. Jan (Rustenberg, not uncommon). [Cultivated species : Ixora Bandhum, Roxb. (v. Burning Lot J. strictaj Roxb.] SYNANTHEREJE. 413. Sparganophorus ValUantU, G. Fl. March-Sept In moist localities, not uncommon. — St Cn Thomas (DC. Prod, v, 12). 414. Vemonla arboresoens, Sw. a) Swartalana, 0) Leaainglana, y) divarlc Fl. May-Dec. In thickets, all three forms not uncommon. — ^AU : 415. V. panotata, Sw. Fl. all the year round. In thickets, common.-— All islands. 416. V. Thoma, Beoth. (Vid. Medd. fraNat. For. 1852, p. 66). FL all the year round. In thickets, not uncommon.— >St Then FLORA. OF ST. CROIX AKD THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 63 IT Wtphmrtoimi mollis Ktb. FL llBrob-Haj. Hvad 4-llowcrcd. In pastures, here and there. — DIKuptm •pio«tnai Cm. l-lJaiL-March. In pfwtwee and aluiig rocMls, common. — All islands. Afcnttim conysolcUA, L. FL Dec-June. Achotiium usually 4-gonoas. Along roads and ditches, I.— All wkiudii. Bi'tMcUaluin maoropbyllum, DC. Fl JoM^-Sept. AohL»ni»m black, S-gonous. In forestR. — St. Croix )) Cttlciloma, Wills Bay) ; St. Thomas (not nacooiinon). ' lom odomtum, L.(t. ChristouMi-bush). PLKuT^Harcb. Along roads and in thickets, common. — All islands, PLOer^uly. On hills, not common. — All islands. K atripUoUbUam. TaUl (Rvuib. Bnt. iii, 9G). FLDiv^51;iy. ]ji*jivoj4 coniK^eouH, glabrous; glandular impressionn a on the uppcsr surface. Flower o*lorous. On sandy shores, ,— All ishiuda. K.caQe«oen», Vahl. nOct.-Nor. Ju tUiokets, uncommon. St. Croix (Spring-gut); St- (UC. Prod. V, 155). K Ayapana, Vcui. ?t Cmit (natundizcd sec Vahl, who received it from Pflug; probably I) ruUivttU?d). JM^ AMMlkilSua, Wtlhl. SLIlMinm (I>0. PnxL v, 177). UkuiU gonoolada, DC. n. ^ ^ ,rdi. In forefits.^^t. Croix (rare; Caledonia) ; Virgin '1^ L.- ,. .Liiconmion). ^MlMaoetUMifoUua, DO. (Proil. v, 26'^). PlOoo^oly. — lihixome perennial, for which reason tliis Bt)ocies must 'Mnidwtd imfflciently distinct from the nnnntd E. Jamairenjtitt, Bv,\ ipccies are nnit<Ml into one by Pi*of. Grisobiu-h in hie* Fl. p. 3*55. on high hills, not uneouuuon above l^OC. — Virgin Islands. & ip«tllalAtuB, Vnbl. •VAnnUdly. Along roads and ditcher, ratbercommon.— ^Vll islands. J-4 TLQRA, OF ST. CBOIX AND THE YIROIN ISLANDS. yi. -;tuit!->'ov. Bay-flowers often ligalate. Along roadSy oomn 4di. 3Hac&ana VrnfaUl, DC. (Prod, t, 4U) (B. diakOj Yahl). L*'l. .til Ui« ytiiir round. As much as 30^ high. On rocky seas! ^.itf^ai'iouiS uot unoommon. (The specific name of DO. is to b< tii-i%«i Eu thac ot* Vahly notwithstanding the priority of the lattc ' ill: i-tMbiutu^ stuted in the Prodromus.) — St Oroiz (northwestern co ■kj;!^ PtndMA odomta. Caas. (v. Sweot Soont, Ovra bla). l**t. bob.-April. Leaves used as tea against colds and as dit ucdicuie. In moist localities, not uncomnion. — All islands. ■44:3; W. ptttpur— B«ni. DC. 1«'l. all tht* year round. Along rivulets, not uncommon. — St < v.iiiUow9 Bay. Kiugshill Gut). ^«^ Ftvracsttioa Tizsatam, DC. b't atl iht* vtHir round. On dry hills, common. — ^AU islands. ^44w M«lMnpodiain diTmrioatnm, DC. (Prod, t, 520) (M. paludoaum, Kth.). tX Wt.-Feb. Along ditches, gregarious, rare. — St Croix (Jolly 1 4^ Oi(t«ia ruderaUs, Grift. \ u-iu Uslamls (Oris. Fl. p. 360). 43* Ac«utbo«p«nua2tt humile. DC. Vl all ihc your round. Leaves not glandular beneath. A com «v\\l ,»liniij ixxuLs. — St. Thomas. 4Jt4L XAutMum xnacrocarpum, DC. (Prodr. v, 533) (X. orieniahj L.). VI. vVl.-1'Vb. A common weed, natiu-alized around dwellings.- 4^t^ r-UChtfutumHysterophoraa, L. (v. Mule-wood, White-hcad-broom). VI aU lUo > ear ix>und. A very common weed everywhere. — All isla 44xN AwNoalA artemisiee folio, L. /?) trlnltensU. Kv. 5y'p;. i Vt. Naturalized in waste places. — St. Croix (Fredrikssi 441 SkwuU multEflora, L. (v. Sn.ikc-flowor). VI. VVK- Aujj. Along roads, not uncommon. — Virgin Islands. 4«S. B^ fltc«na^ *'<^^^- Vl. Mj^'-iVt. Xaturalized in gaitlens. — All islands. «««. BellpU alba. Hoask. Ft. Juuc-f^b. In moist localities, not uncommon.— All islands. FLORA OP ST. CBOIZ AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 65 444. Borrichla arboreaoeiu, DC. FL an the year round. On sandy shores, gregarious. — St. Croix (com- mon); St Thonsas (Smith's Bay). 44S. ^^adalia cuhomi. Rich. FL Juue-Jan. Along ditches, gregarious, — St. Ci-oix (western part of the island, not uncommon). 44€i W. IrapbthalmoideJi, Oris. (v. Wild Tobacco), a), 0) antigaensU, XieholKj and 7) dominioeiiaiflb FL all the year round. Leaves delicately f^ngrant, a) rare; ^) and r) common along roads and in thickets. — ^All islands. Ml. W. affinl^ DC. (Prod.T, 541) (m calydnoy Ricli.). 8L Thomas (Wydler). Mft W. acapnlenala, HB. K. 8t Thomas (SchL in Linmea, 1831, 727). (Grisebach, Fl, 372, thinks these two sx>ecies to be included probably ■ W, fruteicens, Jaeq.) Ml W. cradaiui, Rich. Bt Croix (DC. Prodr. v, 542). Ml W. dlKoidea, Leas. (Linniea, 1831, 728). St. Thomas (Less. L c.). UL Helanthan deltoidaa, Rich. 8t Thomas (Less.). ttL Boleroearpna afiioanna, Jacq. (Icon.Rar. i, 1. 176). FlNov.-Dec Along roads and in tliickets, rare. (Naturalized!) — 8t> Thomas (Parade ground). ISIl Kdana lanoanUma, W. FL Sept.-Dec. Under trees, on high hills. — St Croix (West, p. 303) ; ^vgia iBlands (common). M B. Uplnnataa, L. ^ Sept-March. Acheninm often 5-ari8tate. In pastures and along ^tthe&, common. — All islands. ^ Couoa oandataa, Kth. ^ Dec-March. Along roads and in fields, not uncommon. — All ihnda. «lT«bMluaIatii,L. VLh^Ang. ITataralized in gardens.— St Croix; St. Thomas. BalLKat Hob. Ka 13 5 64 430. y ri. All i- 431. I'i g,v Ion tlM 43 lit) 4: (< 4 •E:! ;• FLOiU OP bT. CUOIX AND TUE VIRGIN INLANDS. 67 AOil M no spDcimciiH nre to ha found in nb. Uavn., I have not been ablo [Coitirated RpccioH: Uelianthiut annuus^ L. (v. Snnflowcr); Pyrethrum Wmm, Csisa; Attter vhtntuMiM^h.; Ttttjcft'tt patitlUy L.; Tithoma apeciohOf IM.; O^rgina r«rw//(7i*, Willil., and Xrtofitoa «a*irfl, L. (v. Salad).] LOBELIACE.K. MB. Ttotmna loogiilora. Pnl. R all the year round. Tlie whole plant is poisonous. In shady locali- pa8|.ur«'« on high hilts. St. Croix (i-an*, Mount Plfawant, ■■■r.y iN«,>/; Virgui IidondM (j-uthcr common on the hill^t). GOOD£WOVlAC££« •q»VOU Pluaai«rt U Jan.-ApriL On sandy shores. — St. Crois (not uncommon) ; St. (Smith's Bay). nVBSIJVACEJE:. Ar£lsU oorlAcea, 8 v. Fl Jine-AniT. licaves minutely Bpoltod beneath. In forests and on ioIUf not uncommon. — All islands. laeqvtnU armlUaria, L. u) and $) arborea. V. (r. nny SalUo). Kl 8ept.-F»*b. On tho ro4.'ky nUorf, not uucominon. — AJI iHlands, SAl*OTAC££. ^ ChryvopbyUmn Calziito, U (r. Btar-npplo). H May-nluly. l>uit e<iil)le. Jn forest*, rare. — St. Croix (Springfield) j ft.'nuwnEU(BiifualHill). ^ C. fonelfloruni, ham. n.June. In iorests, uncommon. — St. Thomas (Flag Ilill). ^ C oUvflbnBS* 6vr. 0) monopyreoam. ^Jtt(y. In forests, not very common. — St. Croix j St Thomas. ^ C mfcciophyUnm. Juq. (v. Pnlm^r). fl •Sept.-.Tan. In woodtMl valleys, rare. — St Croix (Bngby TTole) ; St. (^Aota Mttria Gtit). ^*H C i&tbraa, Jiirq. ^ ^'^t.-Uec. and March-July. In woods and thickets, common. — ^•Bipoti Achrmj. UilU(T.MMp«1). :. and )Iiirrh. Fruit sweet, edible. In Arrests and culti- i. — All tjdandft. (58 FLORA OP 8T. CROTX AND THE VIRGIN ]SLA17X>S. 473, a SlderozyloD, GriB.(v.Ba]ly ttocwJ). Kot ficen iu ilox^'cx. A tall tree, a^fonliug a splendid pnrplo hard timber. In foredts, rare* — St Jon (Uaas Gut). ^ 479. Blderoxylon Maatlcbodendron. 3acq. Ct. Mastic). ^^ FL Ang.-t>oi»t. -:Vii excellent timlxT tree. In forctsts^ rare. — S^ (Lebiwou Hill); 8t. Thomas (^urtlmiae Buy); St Jmi (] (MontseiTat, Kyan in lib. Havn.). 480. DiphoUa sallclfoUa, DC. F\. FL'b.-Muit:h. In thickets and forests. — St, Croix (not ni in the western pait of the island); St^ Jan {Klein Caneel Bay).] 481. Bumella cnneata, Rw. (t. BrfuUc-biU), Fl. FeK-April. Branches often tranBfonued into long spin good timber tree. Along the coast princiimlly in marshy Hoil^ tomuiou, — All iKlninls. 4 462. Luouxna mnltiflora, DC. (Aehrtu macrophj/lla, Vnlil in Hb. Ilnm.}. Fl. June-July arul Dec.-Jan. L<*uves m much as lA' long. — St* (Hb. Ilavn. f^-om Wills Bay) j St. Thomas (here and there i Signal nm, 1500'). STTRACEf. 483. Symplocos martiuioensiB. Jiu-q. Fl. :Mi\rch-Ang. In foi-ests on high hillrt. Flowers fra( Thomas (Signal Ilill above 1200', not uncomuiou). EBENACEJG» 464. Maccreigbtia carlbaea, A. DC. Vieques (Duchassaing sec Oris. System. Unters. p. 01), fl^LEACE^. 465. Llnociera oompaota, R. Br. Fl. May-Oet. In forests, nither common. — St Croix; St, 486. Foroatian pornloaa, Polr. a) and !i) Jacqulnii, EqS' (Jacq. Ic Fl. Fob. and Sept.-Oct, In thieketa near the coast, uncoi St Thomas (CoweirH HiH) ; t*) St Croix (northern shore near CI JASmiVACE^. 487. Jaamlnum pubeacena. W. (v.Star Joaaombie). FL all the year round. ^Taturalizod in gardens. — All ialaJ [Cnltivnted .tpecJe.H: ./. oj??c(;iafr, L.; .^ rrrolutum T ;\ saminc), and Sifctanthcs iiktmOtiCj L, (v, Double Je«.- FLORA OF ST. CBOIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 69 APOC¥!VACEiE. 4S& nvfrtUnatiUbUa, Jasa. (v. Milk-bnsli). FL all the year roand. Wood employed for buildiiig boats. In thick- ets <m dry liill% commoiL — ^All islands. m. SnxwoUa nltida, L. (t. Milk-troe). R an the year round. In forests and thickets, common. — All islands. «9a &Lemareka A. DC. (t. Bittcr-bnsU). FL an the year round. On dry hills, common. — AU islands. 49L Vvlnm Olaander, L. (t. Noritun). FL all the year round. Naturalized in gardens and near dwellings. CommoiL— All islands. 491 Tkbanuainonf n a (dtrifolla, Jacq. f ). RJune-Aug. In thickets^ hero and there. — St. Thomas (French- MB^Bay). ttl Tbioa Rxwa, L. (v. Church-flower). FL aU the year round. Xear houses and on waste places, very com- MXL-All islands. M. Plomlaila mbra, L. (t. Red Fmnchiponi). R all the year round. If aturalized near dwellings. — All islands. 4M- P.obtaaUbUa, L. (v. Whito Franchipani). R all the year round. Naturalized in gardens.-— All islands. ^ P.aRM, L. (v. Snake-root, Klang hoiifc). R all the year round. On rocks near the shore and in dry thickets, BODiiDon.— All islands. ^> BddtM Assliitinate, Jacq. FLJuIy-Aug. In thickets, rare. — St. Croix (Cane Bay) ; St. Thomas %fiiU). HlB.oiioiiiaiii^ Sw. FlDec In forests, rare.— St.Thomas (Flag Hill), ^ t aviuidn. Oris. ^ Oct-Jan. Here and there in thickets, not uncommon. — AU I '^B.wbawwt^Jacq. ^May-Aag. In thickets, uncommon. — St. Thomas (Cowell's nil!) ; 70 FLOKA OF 8T. CBOIX AND THE ymaVS ISLAKDS. 501. E. barbata, Dobt. St. Croix; St. Thomas (DC. Prodr. viii, 463). [Cultivated species : AUamanda catharHoa, L., and Tahemam eapensiSf L. (v. Cape Jessamine).] ASGIiEPIADACCS* 502. Metastelma parviflonun, B. Br. St Thomas (Duchass). 503. M. Schlechtendalll, Decs. (if. albijtorumj Qria.). F]. all the year round. In dry thickets, very common. — AD la] (The specific distinction of Orisebach's species does not seen] sufficiently permanent to justify a separation into two.) 504. Aaoleplaa caraaaavlca, L. (y. Wild Ipecaonaaa). Fl. all the year round. Eoot used as an emetic Along roa ditches, common. — ^All islands. 505. A. nivea, L. St. Thomas (Oris. FL 419), 506. Saroostemma Bro^rnel, Mey. St. Thomas (West, p. 278, as Asclepias viminaliSj Sw.). 507. CalotroplB procera, R. Br. (v. Silk Cattlin). Fl. all the year round. Katuralized in dry localities, commoc islands. 508. Ibatia mnrlcata, GriR. Fl. all the year round. In dry thickets, common. — ^All islands. 509. Flscheiia scandens. DC. Fl. Aug. In forests, rare.— St. Croix (Sprinff-gut). [Cultivated siwcies; ffo}fa carnosa, R. Br. (v. Wax-flower) an phanotis Jforibunday A. Brongn.] co?rvoi.yui.AC£.i:. 510. Zpomsea bona-noz. L. Fl. Oct.-May. Natimilized in gardens. — St. Croix j St. Thomas 511. I. Tuba, Dou. Fl. all the year round. On shrubs near the coast, uncommon islands. FLOKA OF ST. CROIX AND TH£ VIRGIN ISLANDS. 71 912. Z. tabMon, L. \V\. Fel).-MarclLi In foreBte^ rare. — St. Croix (Biig:by Hole); St. •). S13. X ffiAMOta, PanH (t, Xofna Viuu). FL Nov.-Miiy. CitrolUi-tub© X'*^^^^ inside. The whole plant lias a of i>nw*ie acid, and is used for the prrpanvtion of a liquor ciiilcd tyiiu. Ou fences and ulong roads, common. — All iHlnnds. L4. I pvtttaphylla, Jocq. FL Otc-Marcli. In thickets and along ditches. — St. Croix j St. X. qnlaqnefoUa, Gris. FL Dhi'.-,?i«i. Corolla cxpandotl from 8 A. M. to 3 P. M. In pastures low thickets. iM)mmon. — St. TliomiiH. LBatataa, Lam. (v. .Swt>rt {'otatn). u)^ /^ lenoorrbtMt, and }')porphyTOrhixa. FLftUche year round, rropa-rate*! by cuttings. A common vego- Cultivated and naturalized everywhere. — All islandn. I CMdgUta, Swt. a). Fl Oct.- Jan. In thickets, not uncommon. — St Thomas. IttLLTioUoM. L.<T.OnuiniVine). FL Deo-Feb. Coi-alla exi>anded towards ovening. In forests and tluui ri%'ulet6, not uueommon.— All islands. Hi 1 carD^, Jsu-f\. SLCruix (Wills Bay sec. West, p. 272). S3o T !«-,-,. kf- T^(j (Iroo.Riir. ii, 1.311^). 1 ! . . CapBule pUosc; roots tuberous. On dry biUs, not 4t. Jan (near Klein Kanelbay). 1 IfflDba* !«. a) oAd H) BaBtachlana, Jacq. SepL-.Man^b. Corolla expanded till 10 A. M. Both forms in m< tir»t. nncommoti. — St Croix; St Thomas. b«!ijita. Mey. n. iaa^Mim;li. Along rivulets and ditches, common. — All Islands. ^ Im^pm, «ir. (». nay Vine). n. -.v. r,..-. r . ir mand. Corolla sometimes white. On sandy sea- son.— All hslauds. 72 FLORA. OF ST. CBOIX AND THB TIBQIN ISLAVDS. 524. L asarifoUa, R. S. Danisk islands (Gris. Fl. p. 471). (As this species is a native of Senegal, I doubt the coirectoess of ttie above habitat) 525. I. qainquepamta, B. a (Ccmv. ooai^oUua, West (non Vahl) aeo, DC. Ftodr. 1:^ 367). St. Croix (West, p. 271). 526. Z. triquetra, R. S. (Conv. triqaeter^ Vahl, Symb. Bot. MX, 32). St. Ci-oix (West, p, 271); St, Tliomas (SchL), 527. L repanda, Jacq. Fl. Feb.-March. Leaves beteromorphous, often 2-4-lobed. Tubera • large, a favourite food lor wild bogs. In forests, uncommon. — St Thomas (Flag Hill); St Jan (Macumbi). 528. L fillfoxmis, Jocq. Fl. Oct-April In thickets, often near tiie shore, not nncommoBu fit Croix; St Thomas. 529. I. arenaria, Stoud. Fl. Dec-April. Stem woody, as much as }" diam. Boot luge^ tuberous. Flowering partly precocious. On dry hills, in thickets, not uncommon. — All islands. 530. I. QuamocUt, L. (v. Sweet William), Fl. all the year round. Isear dwellings and along roads, commone- st. Cix)ix; St. Thomas. 531. T. coccinoa, L. (/. hcderccfoVm, L.). Fl. Dec-March. In thickets, common. — All islands. 532. I. Nil, Rth. (Bot. Mag. t. 188) (v. Moming-glnry). Fl. Oet.-March, Corolla expanded till 9 A. M. Along ditches and. near (hvelliugs, common. — All islands. 533. I. purpurea, Lam. Fl. 0;;t.-Fcb. Naturalized in gardens. — St Croix; St Thomas. 534. I. acuminata, R. 8. * Fl. Nov.-March. Corolla crimson, as stated in S.^^ub. Bot iii, 2^ Near rivulets, on trees, rare. — St. Croix (Golden Kock). 535. I. tillacea, Chois. St Thomas (Schl.). rLOBA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIUOIN ISLANDS. 73 fpM. lacqaamoaUa tamntfoUa, Gris. ^VL DocL-J^eb. Beedfi glabrous, greyisb. In thickote, common. — All ' 537. CODTolmiluB peotanthTiB, Jacq, (Jnc*jitemontia violacm, Cbois.). ^^L Aag.*Dcc in tbiukets^ on liilln, common. — All islands. ^BB- Cl j«BBaSo«a*U, Javq. "FL Dcc.-Fcb. In tklchctft, on the sandy soashon*, rare. — St Croix Point)? SU Thonww (Cowell's)j AVater Island. C oodlflanu. Dor. (C ath^fionu, West) (v. Claahi-uiilat). Oct-March. Common in thickets. — All islands. C. mtUaovtictiu. ScbL(Liiuiwa, vl, 737). .Thomati (Schl.). aaagfttUbr, nB.Ktb. 6tThonu)i»(Scbl.). BfOlmlus llnlibUua, L. SL D«c^ApnL In moist localities^ hero and there.— All islands. S mcroxiataa. Sw. KL Deo-ilurch. In marshy soil, not uncommon. — AU inlands. GL snmmolatlait L. FL Sovw-ManJi. Among rocks in shady localities, not uncommon. — [iMitUiulii. Hi CttacQU americaaB. L. (v. LoTe-w«ed). im year round* In dry thickets, covering shrubs and troM) - tiem. Very conmion. — All islands. ; < 1 f menti<mH two species, Conrolntlm mattttiniu and C.TfTie- M occurring in Bt Croix, and refers for their description to Vahl's BflL pars .1*, as Bpoe. nov. As, however, tlioy are not described in ^ViV" MicationA, and no Hpeeintens are in e.\istenee in Ub. .1 U* to aay whether tlioy are old speeios or new ones.) irateil sjtecies: /fonuro Loarii, AnnaL Fl. et Tom. 1840, p. 381, nVDBOLEACEiE. L. %&11S. Among stones and rocks, a common weed. — St. Croix ; 72 FLORA. OF ST. CROCC iiSD THE VTHQIN ISLAm>f BORAOIWACEf. 647. Cordia Oerucazitbas, Jacq. /3) suboaneaoeiu (r.Bosfwoo(l,C«ppiis) KI. Oct. Au excclleut timber ti*ce. In Ibreste, not very oomJ Virgin iHland. 548. a alba. B. S. (v. Wluto ManJoclc). FL Harch-Scpt. In thickete and along roads, not uu Crobc {eastern part of the island). 549. C. Sebaateua, Jncq. u) {hot. M&ff. t. 794). P) nibra. Egg. (r. Sculct Flujfte buum). Fl. all the year round. j3) leaf- ribs re<i; cal^TC scarlet as The c Both forma conmion iA. forests and planted near dwellings. — All if 550. C. CoUooocoa. U (v. Mm^ock). FL Maifh-ApriL Precocious, In forests, common. — All lsUuk 551. C. niUda, VaUl. I'l. Jau.-Fob. and Sept-Oct, Flowers slightly odorous, not uncommon. — AU islands. 552. C. laevigata, Lam. 8t Thomas (Schl.). 553. C. Bulcata.DC. FL June. Leaves up to IJ' long. In forests, not common,^ Islands; St. Croix (West, p. 275). 554. C. ulmifolia, Jaaa. o) ovata, 0) ovalla, and /) lineata. ' Fl. May-Aug. In dry thickets, common. — u) all islands; /9) St,T (Lcdru); ;-) St. Croix (West). 555. C. oyllndrlBtachya. Spirngl A) graveolens, Kih. Fl. all the year round. Ou dry hills Croix ; St. Tbomafl. a) portorlcenata. Sprgl. ^) flortbuida AU thx'ce forms coi 556. C. maxtiiiloenaia. R. 8. St. Ci-oix (Giiseb. FL p. 481). 557. C. elobow, Klh. FL July-Sept. In thickets, not uuconmion. — St. Croix f St.rfhi 558. Bearrerla auocnlanta. Jocq. (v. Jnniper). I FL June-Sept. In forests and thickets, common. — AH iijJaiid&. 559. Roobefortla acanUiopbora. Qrii. FL Jum^Si-.|»L In Ihieiketa.— St. Croix (rar«, Fuir Ph Peak) ; Virgin Islands (not uncommon). FLORA OP ST. CROIX AND THE VxHOIK ISLANDS. 75 La Bnnphalodeft, I?. Br. (v. ScA-lnvcnder). Rflll the year txmiid. On Baudy shores, oommon. — All islands. r. Umitiaalm^ I^ (v. CUchery gTftpo)- n. S^^ApriU Along roadn and in thickets, especially on lime* IOC, ooottnoiL— All ialanda. &.Cwix (West, ^ 270). Im T- btcolor. 8w. fi) teevjgata, Lam. n. May- Uerry glol>oHe^ white. Among rocks on high hills, rare.— }6LHo(na» (Crown, 1500'). StTlumia* (DC), T.volii%dli% L. PL Mii^'-Aug. Inflorescence extra-axillary, often transformed into a JW, frlolyo^e^ muricate, given monstrosity, in which lives the lar\'a of |jdii>hrroa« insect, Cuiuniou in thickets. — All islands. bylla. I>e«v. I't, lu the same 1<K^Uities as the furmer, common. — All ■tUotroplttm Indlcum, L. n. nil tfaf year rt»und. Along roads and in waste places, common. — I KB, fi pmriilomm. I^ (r. Eyc-bright). R.»U tUc ymr round. A (H>uuuon weed erer^Tvliere. — All islands. ^' & o&nMavlcuBi, 1^ Fltli« whiilo yeAT. On the sandy seashore, common. — All islands. ^ H. frvtlccwaa. L, ^ -;ir rtjnnd. Up to (i' high. On dry hills. — St. Croix (com- * -,..-icni part); Vir;rin Islands (not tmcommon). u«d Fpeciea: Jl. pcrnrianttm, L. (v. Heliotrope.)] POLEinOTVIACC.C. |C«l3rited in gurdena: Phlox I>ntmmf>vdn, Hook.] SOLANACCE. ^ BnniUaJA miDcricaiia, 6w. a) uod <i) pubeacons (v. Rain-trpe). " ^-Dtv, VI '- ridorotw befoiv rain. In tliirkot.s nnd woods, ^^^i A'inrin I i<nlnvjite*l in gardens In »St. Croix). 76 FLOHA OF ST. 6bOIX A3S[D THE TIBGIN I8LAKD& 572. Datura Metel, L. (v. Fire-veod). FI. all the year round. Flowers noctomal. Along roads and in waste places, naturalized everywhere. — ^All ialands. 573. D. faataosa, L. FL all the year round. Katuralized in gardens and near dweiUings^'* All islands. 574. D. Tatnla, L. FL May-Dec. Along roads, naturalized, but rare. — St. Croix (Hope). 575. D. Btraxnonlixin, L. (t. Fire-woed). FL Sept-Feb. Naturalized in waste places, common. — ^All iHlnT><li|. 576. Nlootiana Tabaonm, L. Fl. May-Xov. Used as a medicine, but not for smoking. Xatnralized near dwellings. — ^AU islands. 577. PhjrsaUs pamvlana, L. FL May-Xov. In fields, uncommon. — St. Thomas (Rapoon), 578. F. pubeaoeDS, L. FL March-May. In shady yalleys, uncommon. — St. Croix (Creqnis); St. Thomas. 579. P. Linklana, Ns. FL Dec. In cultivated fields, not uucoramon. — St. Thomas. 580. P. aDgulata, L. Fl. Sept.-»Tiiii. Stamens of unequal lenffth ; anthers successively de- hiscent. Along roads aud ditches, common. — AH ishnuls. 531. Capalcom dnlce, II»rt. (DC. Prodr. xiii, i, •I'J'^) (v. Sweet IVpiwr). Fl. ]\Iarch-July. Beny obloug. jS^utuiiilized in gardens. — St. Croix; St. Tlionias. 582. C. fzntetcens, L. (v. Binl Pepper). FL Aug.-I)ec. Used as a condiment. Here and there in forests and cultivated. — St. Croix; St. Thomas. 583. C. baccatum, L. (v. Small Pepper). FL Aug.-,Jau. In forests and near dweUings, not uncommon. — ^Ali islands. 584. C. annuum, L. (v. Pepper). FL all the year roun<L Fruit universally used as a condiment-. Cul- tivated aud naturalized everywhere. — All islands. FJUOBA OF ST. CBOXX AND THE TIBOIN ISLANDS. 77 S85. Iiyoopentonro cenuiforme. Dnn. (Solan, p. 113) (v. Small Trovo). Fl. May-Sept. Berry globose, small, yellow. Kot nucommon near dwellings (])erhax>8 oidy uatuialized). Used as a vegetable. — St. Croix ; 8t. Thomas. 586^ la. Mcvlentnm, Mill. (t. Tomato, Tmro). FL an the year round. Berry used as a vegetable. jCultivated and naturalized evei^'where. — All islands. 987. Wolannm aodlflomm, Jacq. a) and 0) oleracenm, Dnn. (t. Lnml)n8h). FL May-Dec. Stem often prickly. In fields and in waste places, com- mon.— ^All islands. 58S. B. veibsacllbliiuii, L. (y. Tnrkey-1>erry). FLJnne-Oct. In waste places, not uncommon. — Virgin Islands; St. Croix (West, p. 274). 989. B. ncemosnm, L. (v. Cankcr-beny). Fl. all the year round. Froterandrons. In waste i)laces, veiy com- ^All islands. 980. & <!:"•«■". L. (v. Canker-berry). FL all the year round. Habitat of the preceding. Very common. — An islands. 991. & baliainenae, L. (5. per«ocp/o7tif m, Dan.) Fl. Jan.-Ang. Along coasts, not uncommon. — ^Virgin Islands. 992. S. ImceifoUnin, Jacii. Xot seen flowering. Leaves and stem verj- prickly. In forests, rare. — St Jan (King's Hill, lOOO'). 993. a turrain, 8w. (r. Plate-bnHh). FI. all the year round. A shrub or small tree. In forests and near dwellings, common. — ^AU islands. 99ft. 8. Inclnnzni, Grin., var. alblflonun, F.ffg. Fl. all the year round. Corolla white, S"-l" dinin. Stigma .*?-5- hranchwl, stellate. Berry globose, somewhat depressed, hirsute* orjinjre- colonn»d, 1" diam. The excrescent calyx prickly. In drj- thickets, not oncofflmon. — Virgin Islands. 999. 8. ocmlwitlasliniiinf Jacq. Fl April-May. Xaturalized by mules irom Montevideo. — St. Croix (Fredttiksied). St Croix (West, p. 275). 78 FLORA. OF ST. CBOIX AHD THS YXBGIN ISLANDS. 997. 3. polygamtmi, Vahl (v. Kakkerlaklub-lteny). Fl. all the year round. In dry thickets, common. — ^Virgin Islanda. (In DO. Prodr. xiii, i, 197, it is stated that this species has been fomid in St. Croix by Wydler, which, however, appears doubtfnl to me. West, p. 275, only gives St Jan as habitat, yet Yahl in his Symb. Bot. iii, 39^ and after him probably Griseb. Fl. p. 443, refer to West as the oathority for St. Croix as habitat.) 598. Cestnxm laurlfollum, L'Hcr. FL Jan.-ApriL Petiole black ; beny dark pmple. In forests, not uncommon. — All islands. 599. C. dlnnrain, L. Fl. Feb.-Juue. In forests, uncommon. — ^Virgin Islands; St. Cnnx (West, p. 270). 600. C. nootnmiim, L. Fl. March. In forests, rare. — St Jan (Rogiers, Joshee Gut), [Cultivated species: Datura suaveolens, HBK.; Petunia nyctaQiniflorOy Jnss., and P. violacea^ Liudl.; Solanum Seaforthtanum, Andr., 8. tubcro' sunif L. (v. Irish potato), and 8, Melongena, L. (v. Egg-plant, Beranger).] SCBOPHVI^ABIACE^. 601. Bcopaxia dulcis, L. Fl. all the year round. A common weed along roads and in moist localities. — All islands. 602. Caprarta biflora, L. a) and |3) pllosa (v. Goat-wcccl). Fl. all the year round. Leaves used for tea. Both forms idong roads, common, a) in moist, li) iu dry localities. — ^All islands. 603. Herpestis atiicta, Schrad. St. Thouuis (Benth.). 604. H. chamsedryoides, Kth. FL Dec-March. Pedicel bearing two bracteolse at the base. The two innermost calyx-lobes setaceous. In moist localities, rare. — St Croix (Sjiring-gnt). 605. H. Monniera, Kth. Fl. all the year round. Along rivulets and on the margins of lagoons, common. — All islands. 606. VandelUa diffusa, L. St Croix (Uyan in Hb. Havn., VahPs Eclogue, ii, 47) (Montsenat, llyan in lib. Ilam., ^^vulgan$^). FLORA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIROI?! ISLANDS. 79 ft (Cnltirat«l iqieciea: Maurandia Barclat/ana, Liiidl. (v. Fairy Ivy), «na XnuednJuHeca, Zticc. (v. Mmleini Plimt).] BIONOmiACE^. C07. CrcvovtstlM Cujeto, L. (v. Calaluutb-troe). Fl All ilw y«ar runnd. Leave** dmdnoiis in Dec, The fi-uit. is used f»t n»twK Nvar dwellings and in forests, common. — All iwliitKls. ^ cot ■ ^*tlna, L. fv. Black Calutjiwh). FL - - >ov. Wood iise<l tor l>oat-building. In dense foreaU near )fts not nnuomniou. — AIL isluuds. 1609. Cttalpa lonsitiUqaa, CliAiu. ^ Tlionubfi (Oris. FL 446). : but 0. Teooma Berteril, DC. VI Mdrch-July. Leaves decidnoos Feb.-ApriL In dry thjcketn, minon. — Virgin X>iland8. ^nX T ICQGOjcyloo, Man. (r. White Ccdtu-}. ^H FL March-AprHf precocious, and later coetauous in Sept.-Oct, Wood ^^■^ for Imilding lK»atH. In forests and on dry bills, common. — All m T. tUoA. J UM. (V. Wlhiw Cpfltir). n. ttl) tlie year roand. Antbers pilose bencatb. In Uiiclwets, corn- Ban} ofteu jn^garioOAf enpccially in St. Groix^ — All ishiuds. CU Blcaonia eeqialoootJaU*, L. PI- April-8ept, Aiitliera piloAC or frlnhrons (henre VabVs distinction ' -int betvecn bis B, spcctabilh (Symb. Dot iii, p. 80) and tlii* -ilifled). Here and Ibore in innrsby furewts. — St. Tboinas iudde Bay, Sta, Maria); St Croix (Salomon's estate, West, p. 2W), (14 B. lUicniB, L. (t. Cat-claw). n. April-Mny, p^<H•o<^c»ns, later flpiUi coiManons in Kov. Stem Ij" ■&>M^ *liu«rinj; tbt« invpnlar stnieturo peculiar to nil cliiiibinfr lilffttrmi- ****• Fruit ai3 nmcb us 20" long iftlmtU. In foreftts, not uucouuuon. — All •IS DittlclU UctiOon. DC. (Prodr. ix, 191) {Itiffnonia, Vahl). Fl. aU the year rontnl. On fences and in dry tbiekets, berti and fli«»._>if rntix (Cotton Grove, Soutbgate Farm) (cultivated in St. |CUUv«ted ii]>«cie§: Twoma captmsifj Luidl. 80 FLORA OF ST. CBOIX AND THE TIBOIN ISLANDS. ACANTHACEiE. 616. Rnellta tuberosa, L. (v. Christmi»-prido). Fl. all the year ronnd ; most abandantly towards Christmas. Along roads and ditches, coinmou. — All islands. 617. R. strepena, L. St. Croix (Isert sec. DC. Prodr. xi, 121). 618. Btemonaoanthos cocclnena, Gris. FL Jan.-April. Cleistogamons flowers in July ; also an intermediate form between cloistogamous and normal flowers. In shady forests, rare. — St. Croix (Caledonia, "Wills Bay); St. Jan (Bordeaux Hills); St Thomas (WydL nee. DC. Prodr. xi, 217). 619. Blechnnm Broinrnel* Jusb. (t. Penguin Balsam). Fl. Dec-April. Used against cough. In pastures and along ditches, common. — ^AU islands. 620. Barloria lupnllna, Lindl. (Bot. Keg. t. 1483). Fl. Dcc.-April. ^Naturalized near dwellings and in gardens.— St. Thomas; St. Jan. 621. Thyrsacanthoa ultldaa, Xs. St. Croix (v. liohr sec. Symb. Bot. ii, 5, and Isert sec. DC. Prodr. xi, 327); St. Thomas (Xees). 622. Dianthera pectoralis, Miirr. (v. Ganlcn Balsnni). FL Dec.-]Murfh. Used against coughs. Ifatnralized near dwellings and in gardens. — All islands. 6'?3. D. seasills, OriM. (JiifitUia paudfiora^ Yulil in Eclog. Am. i, 3). Fl. June- July. Flowers often cleistogaiiious. Khizome perenniaL In thickets, here and there.— St. Ci^oix (Salt Kiver); St. Thomas. 624. JuBticia carthagenenaia, J:)rr|. FL Dec.-Miueh. Along ditches and in forests. — All islands. 625. J. reflezlfiora, Ric-li. (ValiVfi Ennm. Pl.tut, i, ir>7), var. glandnlOM, Egg. Fl. all the year roinid. Bracts densely glanduliferous. Seeds glo- bose, brown, ri-ocunibeut among biLshea. — St. Croix (rare, Fair Plain); St. Thomas; Buck Island (not uucommon). 626. J. perlploceefoUa, Jacq. St. Thonms (SchL). fAl, Beloperone nemonMa, Xooa. Y\, Jan.-Maich. Calyx one-sixth of the length of the cotolla. In forests, rare.— St. Croix (Caledonia, Ham's Bluff Valley). FLOBJl OF AT. CBOI£ AND THE VIBOIN ISLANDS. 81 CM ftiMModra iafimdJbullfonnlfl, No^a. FLMarcb-Jiuie. Natui-nlizeil in gnnleug. — St. Cniix. £29. SuauicSiium rapeatre. \s. (DC. Prmlr. xi, 3)Q) (Ruelliat, Sw. Ft. lud. OtfO. I' I'TI ; I'liim. Iton. cd. Dmra, t. 75, u» Gerardia). a) ^labivjuii, /3) pUow. Ft !>w.-Mfty, c1elst4)^iTiuin8. Nonnal flowers JnnivAng. Corolla uM till 9 A. M. Kbi/x>me jwrennial; root^ fti-sifomi, tnl>oi*on», iw on Ibo g^otind iu forested rare, — a) 8t. Tborutiai (Flag: Hill, ; fl) 8L Juu (Diui8Gut). AttthaouxthaB ■pfnoanst Noes. VI aU the year roiiiMl. Flowers hctexostylons. On rocks and in for* ta» njcuman, M[»e<naU> in St. Croix. — All ittlands. IX. ▲. JiMinnftBU, Gris. KL JaAo--.f tUy. CoroUalobos glaudtihir inside. On limestone, rare. — Omix. in *tti>ny ^»»nd. A. nlcrophyUn*, Na. FL 3fay-Aag. In tbrest«, here and tliere.— All Islnnda. [doUp^era adatuB^na, Jiim. .lAn.-F*?l>., vlfistoffnmoiifl ; nonnol, Mar<:b-A|M'il. In tUit-UvU unu iliU:Les. — St, Croix (coninion); 8t. Jan (IcNWCwnnion). Tkaabarvta TohiMlla, Vitn. PI aU the yeur rwiivd. Nutni-alizod ulonic ditches and rivu]et8.^9t. nm^ Mt. St<>wart); St. Thomiw (Tntn). il sjK"4Mpj»: Orttptophyilum hortensCj N'e«^s, Juiiticia Ifieohr^ Tkmmhrr^a alata^ lJ*U-» Th.J'rttgratt^ty Koxli., and l^HtimujH oriat- i«tff, L.(r. Bcny*?).] GCSTCBIACEf. •1& M4nrala dfaxidia. '•U'X, (v. C<K:k»i — n. Si-pt^Dco- Thn-i^ mdiinf-ntjirj- niamentaj l'-3' hijrh. Alonft] ^btud* aimI m waate pUieeA, nut uncommon. — St- Croix ; 8t, Thomas. V LABIATE. II ' [ t if i cd I« FL May- AtijBT. 0, Xaiu!idi2<^ in ganlemi.^ — All islands. Hided during the nioniin^. I'si-d apiinsi u piisturf^ft, gre;:arii»u-s.— All i&buid*. ii-it. T^ iv, TmH India Thftoe). niiized in dry localities, {rn-ff-arionfl. — AU UuO. XnL Mna. No. 13 6 82 FLORA OF AT. CBODC AND THE VIBOIN ISLAHDS. 639. Hyptls capitate, Jacq. (t. Wild Hops). Fl. Nov.-Marcli. Along rivulets^ common. — St Gioix; St Thoii 640. H. vuaveolena, Foit. Fl. Oct.-Feb. 3'-4' high. In dry localities, common. — St. Gioi: Thomas. 641. H. pootlnata, Poit (v. French Tea). Fl. Xov.-April. As much as 8' high. In dry localities^ not w mon. — ^All islands. 642. H. -rertlcmata, Jacq. St. Thomas (Oris. FL p. 480). 643. Salvia oooldsntalls, 87. Fl. Dec.-March. Bhizome thick. Along roads, common* — ^AIl is! 644. 8. teneUa, Sw. St. Thomas (Oris. FL p. 490; Schl.). 643. S. aerotina, L. Fl. Sept.-ApriL Leaves very bitter. Corolla white. In dry 1 ties, gregariouSy common. — ^All islands. 646. S. coccinea. L. a) and (i) ciliata, Benth. FL all the year roand. Along ditches and roads, common.- Islands. 647. Xieonorua aibiricas, L. FL all the year round. Corolla sometimes white. A common in iields and along roads. — All islands. 648. Leucaa martlnlcenala, R. Dr. FL March-Kov. A weed, common in gardens and along roads. Croix- 649. Leonotia nepetsefolia, R. Br. (v. Hollow Stock). FL all tlie year round. Corolla sometimes white. Gregarious, a common weed everj'wliere. — All islands. 650. Mentha aqaatica, L. (v. Mint). Xot seen flowering, Natundized along ri\'ulets, gregarious.- Croix (Caledonia). [Cultivated species: Rosmarinus officinalis^ L. (v. Rosemary), W| rnlf/aris, L. (v. Thyme), and Origanum Majoranay L. (r. Sweet Maijo Tea).] FIjOCU of dT. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. 83 VEBBEIVACEjE. Ml. Fxivm •chlnata, Juw. teAll the yvAT round. Corolla expanded till 10 A. M. A common lUon^ rouda and iu gardens. — AJl islands. Ib^SX BoDCbea Chrttobersil, CIibiu. ^B FL Doc-May. (jrcgaiioiia along roiidd and iu dry localities com- Hkhu— St Croix ; 8t. Tboimuii. J39. ttteolqrf'pba iam^censls, V. (t. Vervain). V\, oU Ibc year round. Flower osi>an<le<l till noon. Pollen 3-4- ird, Mellntc. Leaves used apiinst fever. Very common along and ditches. — All inlands. a stzieoM. Valii. TUoma« (Elironb. seo. DC. PnHlr, xi, 504; Gris. Fl. p. 404). MS. Llpptft Md&flon. RleXt. fl til tbo year round. Gregarions in moist localities, not uncom- mwL—Sv Croix (La Beine, Fair Plain). €Aft. Xiftiiuua C«Darai, L. (t. &igtO* Fl all ii»c yt'jur round. Berry considered to be poisonous. On dvy >ni«, very common. — All islands. tor L. polyacBnlba. StUuinr (IKJ.Prodr. xi,ffl7) (/,. ncahridn, Ait.)- FL *U Ihe year round. In dry loadities, here and there. — St. Croix ^<aLG«ffge); St Tbomas (Solberg). L tirrolacrata. U tU the year round. Corolla and berry violet. In thickets, com- »a^ wpe<iAlIy on limcstont^. — All iMlunds. •W L rvtlcttUca. Per*. R lUl iho y e«.r round. On limestone, rare* — 8t> Croix, in stony ground Ho. CUh«r«JtTliu& qoadrimeaUrA, jAcq. (v. Fii1<ll<inn<Hl, SawiniiA). n.j«]j-8e|»t. In forests, not nncommoD. — St. Croix; St Thomas. O'SlacrMtt. U fv. HuwinnA). '/nly-IVr. Lnkven of both these species bet'oming red in Feb,, and )ittx (iff at tho unnse time that the new ones make their appear- Uii yonng nidivaJ shootjs the leaves arc linear and deeply scrrut^). »t less, even for firewood. In dry thickets and for- 4, :..,.■. ^ii^gariou9. — All islands. 84 FLOBA OF 8T. CBOIX AKD THE TIBaiN XSIJUTDB^ 662. C. TiUosum, Jacq. (Icon. Yar. 1. 118). St. Tliomas (3clilecht., Bertero, Duchass. sec Oris. Syst. Uiit). 663. Dnranta Flnmierl, Jocq. Fl. May-Dec Along roads and in thickets, common. — ^All islanda. 664. CalUoarpa retionlata, Sv. St. Croix (West, p. 269). 665. 2lglpliila marttnioenaia, Jacq. Fl. Aug.-Jan. Flowers often heterostyloos. In forests, common. — St. Croix. 666. Clerodendzon aonleatiim, L. (v. Chnc-Kjlino). F]. all the year round. Common on dry hills and in marshy soiL— All islands. 667. C. fragrana, W. Fl. all the year round. Long creeping rhizome. Gregarious on high hills in shady places, naturalized. — St. Thomas (Dorothea, Liliendal). 668. Petitla domingensia, Jaoq. a). Fl. May-Sept. Leaves often temate. Drupe commonly 4-localate. A tree up to 5(K high. In forests, not uncommon. — St^ Crois (Caledo- nia, Punch, Wills Bay). 669. Vitex cUvaricata. Sw. Fl. May-July. Filaments glandular-pilose. A low tree, here and there in forests. — St. Croix (Caledonia, "Wills Bay); St. Thomas (Crown); St. Jan (Cinnamon Bay). 670. Avicennia nltida, Jacq. Fl. all the year round. Upi>or surface of leaves always covered with wtnall salt <'rystals. Along the seashore and lagoons, common. — All islands. 671. A. tomentosa, Jacq. St. Croix (West, p. 200) ; St. Thomas (Schl.). [Cultivated 8i>ei*ie.s: Verbena ehamccdrifolm, Jus8., in several varie- ties, Petro'a rolubiliH^ Jac*). (v. \Vroath-plant), Aloyaia citriodora, Ortega (V. I^nion-scented Verbena), Vifex Aynus-castuSj L. (v. Wild Black Pep- per), and HohnnkjoMia ttanyuinea^ Retz.] nYepeBACE.£. 672. Bontia daphnoldeH, L. (v. White Ailing). Fl. all the year round. On sandy shores.-^t. Croix (rare, Tamei's Qole) ; Vir^u Islands (not uncommon). njOHL OF ST. CHOIX AKD THE VIEOIN I8LAJ1>8. 85 FUntago mftjor, L. p) troptoa (v. Eu^^liah Pluntaln), JaD^Mim:U. Pruterogj'uous. Leuvea u«ed agaiu8t iiifluiDUiatiou the eyes. PLUnBAGIIVACE.C:. ^%. Plombago acazidena, lliuub, (v. UliMter-lfoO^ FL oU tho year round. Leaves used as blisters. In tbickets and K^ratBi cfinuDotu — ^AU UlondH. (CoUiTateil specieis: P. capenttH, TljunKJ PHTTOLACCACEJE. Fl. Junii-l>cc Htnmens mostly 10. FilamentH pilose. On sandy ftborau Dot tuicommou. — All itUauds. VH. McroUa dsbUla. Sw. Fl Jttly-8epC In sliady [daces, rare. — St. Croix (Spring Garden, WOb »iy). <77 WMam IsbtU, I.. (7. Snnke-liaiih, Stark mabart). a] and /}) pabeaceiu. yi »n the year ronnd. A commou weeil oterywUei-e, both forms. — AU WmidH. Fl >rli.-Aug. J\MUc<il and calyx becoming reddish-brown as well M i}a fruit. Stamens in two whorls, mostly li!. In tliickots and ^'>*«t*, common. — All inlands. *^ NtlrAdA alUaoaa, L. (v. Gully-root). yi liW ilm your round. A verj* common weed everywhere. — All CU£ IVOPODIACE.K. M CbMopodlom ambrosloides, L. ^ kiudL In wa8t» (»liH'ert ami on walls^ bore and there. — St Croix f^Wrik«t*<l) J SU J«u (Cmz Bay). I n. Jaii^Uiby. On walls, uncommon, ntthir.ilized. — St. Croix; St. ••l OUqm ertoUta^ M.h|. (DC. rr«dr. xHI, il, p. 110). ' ' On &nnd\ shurew, uncommon. — St,'nioma»(' M.Cn>U (JJidil,). 86 FLOBi. OF BT. CKOIX AND THE VIBGIN ISLANDS. 683. BoaHlnganlUa baseUoiaaB, Kth. (Hot. Mag. t. Fl. all the year round. Katuralized in gardens and cnltivated. — &t Croix; StXliouaA. 684. Batls marltima, L. Fl. all the year round. GregariouB along the coast of lagoons, com- mon.— St. Croix; St. Thomas. [Cultivated 8i>ecies : Beta vuJgarU^ L. (v. Red Beet).] 685. Celoala argentaa, L. (C margaritaceay L.). Fl. all the year round. Katuralized around dwellings.*— ^t. Thomas ; St. Croix (West, p. 277). 686. C. nitlda, Yolil. Fl. all the year round. In forests and thickets, not uncommon. — St. Croix; St. Thomas. 687. Chamiuoa altlMima. Kth. Fl. Dec-March. In forests, here and there. — St. Croix (Lebanon Hill) ; St Thomas (Signal Hill). 688. Aobyranthes aapera, L. a) argentea. Lam. ./3) obtaailbUa, Lam. Fl. Dec-March. In thickets and on Maste places, common. — All islands. 689. Oomphrena globoaa, L. (v. Bacholor'M Button). Fl. all the year round. Naturalized in gardens and near dwellings. — All islands. 690. Iresine elatior, Rich. Fl. Sept.-Mairh. Uppermost leaves always alternate. In thickets, (.'oiinnon. — All islands. 691. Phlloxerua vermtculatua, R. JJr. (v. B:iy-fl«Tvor). Fl. all the year round. Along the coast, very common, gregarious. — All islands. 692. Alternanthera pclygoDoldea, R. Br. c). Fl. all lh(». year round. In sandy places, common. — All islands. 693. A. ficoldea, U. Br. Fl. all the year round. In moist localities, nncoiumon. — St. Thomas {Ilaulover), 694. A. Achyrantha, R. Br. l''l. ^March-Ajig. Among rocks and stones, here and there, — St. CioiX| St. Thomas (Schl.). FtiOSA OF ST. CROIX AND THE VIRGIN ISLAKDa 87 ^^5. AtnMocype poljrgooold««. KAf. ^■Tt nil tb«* your round: ^ tlowers X'erj' few. In fttindy plucctt near fr— FL All the ye:u- round. I^euves often discoloured with white cross- In haudy liKiUities, eomuion. — All inlauds. FL &11 Uui yvar rouud. In wu«te i>Iuces, eoinniou. — All islands. B. oHmmoBnm, Mch). (v. LunilHi). FL all the year round, ^cur dwclliugn, common. — All iblundK. M. AmaraDtua splnoaus, L. FL Jan.- April. Nrar riMilet^ and ditcbeii, uiH^mmon. — St. Cn>isf A.tri«di^ L. St. Thumait {Wydler sec. DC. Prodr. xiii, ii, 260). TOl. A. pwiioolatvik L. (t. Bovcr). PL all Uie yeAT round. A trouhloRome weed on account of its long i|»-w»oL Coaimou everywhere.— All iHlunda. JVVCTAOINACE^E. ^0*3 MlrabOl* JaUp*, L. (V. Foiir-o'cliK'k). n. kW Uw jwir round. Flower expanded fVom 4 P. M., pui-plo, yellow, ur |tuik. Aroand dwelliuf^H, common. — All islands. lot. Boirlua¥(« erocta, L. FU Drf--FeU Along diteliert and in jjustnres, uucoinmou. — St. Croix (Ml. Slrwart). 101 B.pttrtmilata. Rich. fv. Batta-bnttu). 1! U» year ronnd. Calyx often tmnftformed into a hollow mou- -iiwstv by tlu* !rtr\'a i»f a wanp. A verj' common weed, — AH JHland-s. ''OS Plaonia aenjeatft. L. >lFt4».-.Viiril. In fon^AtJS, common. — St Croix; St. ThomaH. lot P aabootdaba, tiw. (r. MarupdOf Lublnlly). -lutiQi Leaves jiartly dt^ciduous. \Vo(mI uaeless for tiuiber - " i Alonjf coMtH, 4!ommonf growing to a large tree. — AH i«landK. ^ ' . Tieavejion the young branrhe>* wborleiL In forests, Ilk •'iiMMii -jMTii'ji: Bougainvitlea itpcciabiitHf WiHd.J 86 683. B( Croix ; 684. r Fl. moil. 683 1 St. 68 ('! G OF BT CROIX AND THE VIBQIK ISLANDS. 89 noib* ■ntniBna. U«i>«a. (PC. Prodr. xr, i, p. 31). y) onbenaia. Crmx (WeAt in Hli. Petrop. sec. DC. I. c). ^Fk, manlnntSy Ori.-*!., wiiil by Meiniftn. (DC. I'lvxlr. 1, c. p. 23(5) to be (til Ij^uriui lonffi/olitu VuliU mentioned by West, \t. 22, ns roni St. Cniix, oiitfbt porhaiis to bo addctl to this list ; but tlu> HpKimen-H neeii l^zne in Ob. Uavu. ii8 Laurtut Uingi/oliay XaWf not agn-e wiUi Gri^ebtich'H, I prefer t4>oinit tlie ^iMMnen here, an being .) 7IA. rww tiMllii' OucTtiu (V. AUigutur Pnir). |i FLUvch-Mny. HtauicnH, 1> porfiMt, 3 less perfect and sterile, C rudi- LacBUry. The fruit is a favourite vegetable, lu gardens. — All islands* Hnfelmodla pendola. Nn. (B. Thommi^ Neo«). StTbotnaft («ec. DC. Prodr. I. c. p, Co, Hb. Knnth!). no. Aofodtnlirttum uOiclfoUam, QrhL Fl >lay*Aag. In forests, hero and there. — St. Croix (WUls Bay, Spring gut). ytt Vtotaadn cotUcas, Grin. FLibv-Aug. In fon^ta, rare. — St. Thomas (Soldier Bay)j StJnn (UI».U«vn.). ni V. nwi&bnaaoea. Orii. FL Jrnic III donse forests, ancoinmou. — St. Croix (Wills Bay); St. Tknttw (Signal ilUl). ^ v. ULtJIlaaa, Mri«m. (DC. Prodr. U o. 153) (JV'. leucantha, GrU.). VDtiy-Juue. In rore«t«, not uncommon. Fi*a^;u]t. — All islands. ^ Oraodapluv leoooaEyloo, Neea. Fl- 'luty. In denjw fon-ntM on hifjh hills, uncommon. — St. Thomajj fipal HiU) (Moutaerrat, Ityan in Ub. llavu.). ^^ CMgyta AaMHoftiu. L. HH»pch-AprH. lnfli»re»eeDce often branched. On Manchineel and ^^^ttfe» idriitg the seaahore, here and there. — St. Croix (Cotton **»«*)( SUTlmmius (Water Ha