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1 Senepol Symposium, St. Croix, USVI November 8-10, 2002 A Review of the Senepol Cattle Breeders Association Database John D. Hough* Senepol Cattle Breeders Association, Statham, Georgia, USA Summary This paper reviews some interesting statistics pertaining to the Senepol breed’s database housed at the Association’s headquarters in Statham, Georgia. Statistics, trends and distributions are given for a host of variables. These include numbers of cattle recorded, distributions of different categories utilized in recording cattle, performance information, EPD values and trends. Also included is distribution of cattle recorded by state, country and largest breeders. The most prolific sires and dams are also listed. SCBA Database Statistics The major objective for the Senepol Cattle Breeders Association (SCBA) is to record Senepol Cattle. Different types of information associated with cattle recorded is of interest to some people. Table 1 shows the numbers of records in some of the association’s major tables. These included records which were input since the beginning of the association. Not all cattle recorded in the SCBA database are officially registered. Historically there was a different price schedule for registered versus non-registered cattle, thus some breeders record non-registered cattle to include performance information at a lesser fee. In addition, some non- Senepol parents of half-blood progeny are recorded, but not registered. Table 2 shows cattle recorded and registration status within the SCBA database since born 1980. Senepol cattle are born throughout the year. Typically calves are born in the spring or fall, but Table 3 shows most Senepol cattle are born in March then April, but are fairly evenly distributed the rest of the year. The sex ratio of all calves born is nearly 50% male and 50% female, but a far different sex percentage of cattle are recorded in the SCBA database. Significantly more heifers are recorded compared to bulls or steers. Table 4 shows the database distribution by sex. Black color is becoming slightly more predominant in the Senepol breed. Part of this is the infusion of Angus cattle in the Senegus composite program. Table 5 shows the color distribution by birth year since 1980. Table 6 lists the percentage of cattle according to their mating type. The majority of all cattle are conceived through natural service. –––––––––––––––– Corresponding author: Senepol Cattle Breeders Association, PO Box 808, Statham, Georgia, Phone: 800/SENEPOL, Fax: 770/725-5281, email: jhough@senepolcattle.com 2 Performance Data Weaning weights are adjusted to 205 days with acceptable age ranges between 160 and 280 days of age. Yearling weights are adjusted to 365 days with acceptable age ranges between 310 and 430 days of age. Table 7 shows the statistics associated with weaning and yearling dates. Tables 8 and 9 show the average adjusted birth, weaning and yearling weights by year of birth for bulls and heifers. These are phenotypic averages not genetic averages. Genetic averages for these traits can be found in the following Genetic Trend table. The adjusted weight of an animal is a combination of genetic and environmental effects. Because of this, there is not a direct relationship between the yearly weight averages and the yearly EPD averages. One cannot and should not equate a certain year's average EPD to that year's average adjusted weight. These tables are given simply to show the cumulative effect of years of genetics, management and other environmental effects. Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) Genetic trend table 10 illustrates the genetic trends in the Senepol breed. All animals in the analysis were used to generate this information. The EPD changes from one year to the next are quite substantial for the growth traits. This table indicates the progress the Senepol breed has made since 1965. A fixed base year of 1986 was chosen for the current Animal Model analysis. This simply means the average animal born in 1986 has an EPD of 0 pounds for each trait. This will give more consistency to the EPDs in future genetic analyses. The percentile EPD breakdown for calves born in 2000 are given in table 11. This table is utilized to compare an individual to the total Senepol population. Top Sires and Dams Many Senepol sires have been very influential throughout the breed. The more progeny produced equates directly to the more influence a given sire has on the breed. Table 12 gives the more prolific producing sires in the Senepol breed. Table 13 shows the comparable information for the more prolific dams in both ET and naturally produced calves. States and Countries Producing Senepol Cattle Senepol cattle are distributed throughout the United States, but the major portion are in the southern states, specifically the southeast. In addition, Senepol cattle are beginning to be located thought the world. Table 14 lists each state and country with a member owning a Senepol animal born since 1998. Also listed in this table is the numbers of owners represented in these cattle numbers. Owners of Senepol Cattle The owners of Senepol cattle are obviously extremely important. People make the cattle that makeup the breed. Table 15 lists the top breeders of Senepol throughout the history of the breed. Listed is both the number of animal recorded as well as number of animals registered. As one would expect, the breeders in the Virgin Islands have been and continue to be extremely important to the breed. 3 Table 1. Records in SCBA database tables. Database Table Records Customer 2870 Animal 51919 Birth 31922 Weaning 24984 Yearling 11597 Ultrasound 350 Table 2. Cattle recorded and registration status. Birth Year Non- Registered Registered Total % Registered 1980 0 1373 1373 100.00 1981 0 987 987 100.00 1982 0 941 941 100.00 1983 3 982 985 99.70 1984 0 1159 1159 100.00 1985 5 1742 1747 99.71 1986 6 1313 1319 99.55 1987 4 1469 1473 99.73 1988 10 2388 2398 99.58 1989 10 1853 1863 99.46 1990 18 2072 2090 99.14 1991 18 2227 2245 99.20 1992 18 2484 2502 99.28 1993 27 3026 3053 99.12 1994 21 3225 3246 99.35 1995 24 2769 2793 99.14 1996 27 2669 2696 99.00 1997 120 2188 2308 94.80 1998 453 1635 2088 78.30 1999 813 1259 2072 60.76 2000 406 960 1366 70.28 2001 254 1332 1586 83.98 2002 81 162 243 66.67 Total 2318 40215 42533 94.56 4 Table 3. Distribution of calf birth month. Birth Month Number Recorded Percent January 3917 8.11 February 3817 7.91 March 9153 18.96 April 6228 12.90 May 4543 9.41 June 3124 6.47 July 2594 5.37 August 3256 6.75 September 3422 7.09 October 2525 5.23 November 2494 5.17 December 3197 6.62 Table 4. Frequency by sex of all cattle recorded. Sex Number Recorded Percent Bull 17654 34.05 Cow 33508 64.63 Steer 684 1.32 Table 5. Color distribution by year of birth. Frequency Black Brown Mixed RWF Red White Yellow Total 1980 0 0 0 1 237 0 0 238 1981 0 0 0 0 276 0 0 276 1982 0 0 0 0 257 0 0 257 1983 1 0 0 3 251 0 0 255 1984 0 0 0 0 396 0 0 396 1985 3 0 0 0 450 0 0 453 1986 14 2 2 0 452 0 0 470 1987 19 2 0 0 635 0 0 656 1988 14 0 0 8 845 0 0 867 1989 30 4 0 9 1135 0 4 1182 1990 87 11 4 23 1424 7 13 1569 1991 92 53 17 37 1832 2 10 2043 1992 153 16 1 63 2058 4 10 2305 1993 221 10 2 57 2560 5 11 2866 1994 302 14 2 65 2724 3 14 3124 1995 167 15 4 47 2516 2 17 2768 1996 162 9 8 65 2414 1 8 2667 1997 141 3 5 62 1991 2 5 2209 1998 164 3 10 46 1761 0 5 1989 1999 187 0 4 39 1387 0 5 1622 2000 125 7 0 29 1084 0 3 1248 2001 79 51 1 20 1417 0 2 1570 2002 24 3 0 3 210 0 1 241 5 Total 1985 203 60 577 28312 26 108 31271 Table 6. Frequency of cattle by mating type. Mating Type Frequency Percent Artificial Insemination 1012 1.95 Natural Service 48007 92.57 Embryo Transfer 2833 5.46 Table 7. Weaning and yearling date statistics (days of age). Variable Number Mean Std Dev Minimum Maximum Wean Age 24860 220.52 37.199 101 360 Year Age 11575 382.12 38.789 181 641 Table 8. Phenotypic Trends — Bulls (lbs.) Birth Year Birth Count Birth Wt. Weaning Count Weaning Wt. Yearling Count Yearling Wt. 76 78 71 50 563 47 750 77 286 71 245 473 218 680 78 306 71 287 505 175 705 79 311 71 251 494 143 697 80 390 71 343 477 248 665 81 425 71 340 482 242 657 82 357 71 289 490 155 691 83 353 71 266 469 151 678 84 417 71 326 469 57 648 85 347 75 157 472 69 727 86 316 74 231 473 63 710 87 383 74 350 478 115 686 88 301 73 379 500 118 728 89 290 75 394 521 191 720 90 469 75 526 521 310 758 91 454 79 511 522 346 739 92 592 79 534 535 317 768 93 813 79 688 525 444 776 94 845 80 748 530 449 806 95 709 79 591 542 282 819 96 670 81 601 539 269 756 97 632 82 554 516 185 786 98 567 79 471 535 215 749 99 651 79 497 512 272 647 00 392 80 329 542 106 795 01 628 79 293 528 6 Table 9. Phenotypic Trends — Females (lbs.) Birth Year Birth Count Birth Wt. Weaning Count Weaning Wt. Yearling Count Yearling Wt. 74 92 71 11 472 5 635 75 75 71 19 487 7 660 76 118 72 49 455 24 609 77 258 71 176 450 122 592 78 290 71 240 454 72 598 79 223 71 202 456 3 603 80 300 71 251 440 7 534 81 308 71 217 442 4 627 82 347 69 273 443 8 659 83 298 70 155 441 28 546 84 359 69 306 430 37 531 85 347 71 169 434 8 593 86 343 71 225 430 15 575 87 412 71 363 435 49 563 88 274 75 463 457 81 668 89 431 76 514 458 127 621 90 670 77 676 473 231 685 91 802 79 813 464 335 629 92 1069 78 872 482 352 674 93 1272 78 1045 467 446 684 94 1493 78 1104 480 607 671 95 1457 76 990 484 444 665 96 1336 76 1004 481 446 660 97 1090 77 887 472 374 639 98 919 77 688 475 271 623 99 963 77 738 470 330 605 00 565 75 476 476 164 655 01 665 74 331 487 7 Table 10. Genetic Trend — Average EPDs by Birth Year (lbs.) Birth Year Numb. Head* Birth Weight Weaning Weight Mat. Milk Milk & Growth Yearling Weight 65 109 -0.3 -1.2 -1.5 -2.2 -2.1 66 26 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -1.1 -1.8 67 39 -0.6 -3.5 -0.6 -2.4 -4.2 68 56 -0.6 -3.2 -1.7 -3.3 -4.2 69 61 -0.3 -1.9 -0.1 -1.1 -2.9 70 134 -0.3 -1.5 -0.7 -1.4 -2.4 71 91 -0.5 -2.2 0.2 -0.9 -2.7 72 92 -0.7 -2.9 -0.2 -1.7 -3.5 73 74 -0.3 -2.1 -0.1 -1.2 -3.0 74 95 -0.8 -4.6 -0.4 -2.7 -6.1 75 167 -0.4 -1.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.9 76 148 -0.4 -3.7 -0.7 -2.6 -5.0 77 207 -0.3 -3.0 1.0 -0.5 -3.4 78 333 -0.8 -5.1 -0.6 -3.1 -6.5 79 299 -0.3 -2.9 0.1 -1.4 -3.6 80 566 -0.2 -1.8 0.1 -0.8 -2.5 81 445 -0.2 -1.6 0.1 -0.7 -2.2 82 479 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 83 417 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 84 673 -0.1 -1.2 1.1 0.6 -1.1 85 659 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.5 86 600 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 87 820 -0.1 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.1 88 1153 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.7 89 844 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.3 90 1026 0.1 1.4 0.4 1.1 1.5 91 1223 0.2 1.5 0.8 1.6 1.9 92 1181 0.2 1.9 0.8 1.7 2.3 93 1470 0.2 1.6 0.6 1.3 1.8 94 1435 0.2 2.8 0.5 1.9 3.4 95 1192 0.3 2.8 0.8 2.2 3.5 96 1563 0.3 2.5 0.6 1.8 3.0 97 1165 0.4 4.0 1.2 3.2 5.1 98 905 0.5 4.5 1.8 4.0 5.7 99 1009 0.6 5.3 1.9 4.5 6.3 00 586 0.7 6.3 2.5 5.7 8.1 01 526 0.5 4.8 2.3 4.7 6.5 *Number of head with weaning weight EPD. 8 Table 11. Percentile Breakdown — All 2000 Calves Birth Weight Weaning Weight Maternal Milk Milk & Growth Yearling Weight Number 701 586 586 586 586 Average 0.7 6.3 2.5 5.7 8.1 Minimum -4.8 -20.9 -8.3 -15.5 -26.8 Maximum 5.7 30.2 16.4 25.7 36.9 Std. Dev. 1.4 7.3 4.5 6.0 9.5 Upper Percent Birth Weight Weaning Weight Maternal Milk Milk & Growth Yearling Weight 1 -2.4 22.7 13.8 19.5 30.2 2 -2.2 20.6 12.5 18.6 25.9 3 -1.8 19.3 11.2 16.8 24.0 4 -1.5 18.4 10.5 16.5 23.3 5 -1.3 17.7 10.4 15.5 22.5 10 -0.9 15.3 8.5 13.2 20.4 15 -0.6 13.5 7.1 11.9 17.6 20 -0.5 12.6 6.4 11.0 15.8 25 -0.2 11.2 5.4 9.7 14.5 30 -0.1 10.2 4.7 8.8 13.5 35 0.1 9.4 4.2 7.9 12.4 40 0.2 8.4 3.6 7.0 11.4 45 0.4 7.4 3.1 6.5 9.8 50 0.5 6.5 2.6 5.8 8.3 55 0.7 5.5 2.1 5.1 7.3 60 0.8 4.8 1.3 4.2 6.3 65 1.0 3.9 0.7 3.6 5.0 70 1.3 2.9 0.0 2.8 3.6 75 1.5 1.4 -0.7 1.7 2.1 80 1.7 0.2 -1.3 0.8 0.5 85 2.0 -1.0 -2.4 -0.7 -1.8 90 2.5 -2.8 -3.2 -1.8 -3.9 95 3.1 -6.4 -4.6 -4.5 -8.9 100 5.7 -20.9 -8.3 -15.5 -26.8 9 Table 12. Number of calves sired by most prolific bulls. Number of Progeny Sire Name Sire Birth Year Sire Registration Number 400 ASL BIG ED HU47 1986 1005456 342 AC 761 1987 1006278 292 CN 4716 1987 1005916 277 CN 2556 1984 1004604 268 ASL HOT SHOT 106U 1986 1005440 255 WC 850 1992 1064154 254 ASL HOT ROD 64X E.T. 1988 1050971 254 RAB MR. EFFICIENCY S126A 1991 1053436 222 WC 837P THE KING 1982 1003803 221 WCS 410-S 1984 1004591 220 CN 4635 1986 1005760 210 CN 2731 1985 1004934 207 CN 1029 1978 1000420 196 WCS 258 1974 1001239 188 WCS 603 1972 1001234 187 CN 1781 1981 1003180 185 CN 2225 1983 1003783 176 ASL 193S OMEGA 65Y E.T. 1989 1051199 169 WCS 234 1976 1001254 167 WC 0687 1981 1003325 167 CN5480 1991 1060890 165 WC 525 S 1984 1005980 158 CN 6044D 1994 1075547 156 WC 648Z 1990 1063969 155 ASL CLEAR CUT 27X 1988 1050957 155 CN 5562 1992 1062010 150 HBC HOT STUFF 8E E.T. 1995 1073416 10 Table 13. Number of calves sired by most prolific cows. Number of Progeny Dam Name Dam Birth Year Dam Registration Number 55 ASL QUEEN 103U 1986 1005471 53 ASL DUCHESS 65X E.T. 1988 1006748 53 HBC AP030 66F 1996 1077839 44 ASL LADY 108W E.T. 1987 1006723 41 ASL QUEEN 102U 1986 1005470 38 CN 434 1976 1000203 36 RAB MS S607B 1992 1062711 32 N 1063 1983 1004021 29 WC 4758 1983 1003828 29 WC 7020 1991 1062917 28 ASL BABE 75U E.T. 1986 1005484 28 ASL EVA 15W 1987 1005673 28 CN 4664 1987 1005873 27 N 1179 1983 1004039 26 702 JS 1984 1004361 26 ASL QUEEN 84Y 1989 1051004 25 HBC LADY 26D E.T. 1994 1071587 25 JH346 1993 1104531 23 CN 702 1977 1000207 23 CO 508 1986 1005365 22 WC 4937 1984 1003845 21 CN 2113 1983 1003723 21 CN 2135 1983 1003788 21 ASL QUEEN 136U E.T. 1986 1005504 21 ASL 95Y 1989 1050771 21 HBC SUSIE 13Z E.T. 1990 1051633 11 Table 14. Top states and countries of cattle recorded born since 1998. Total Breeders Cattle Florida 71 947 Alabama 76 738 Georgia 48 493 Oklahoma 11 405 Kentucky 15 391 Mississippi 15 236 Texas 26 199 North Carolina 25 171 Tennessee 16 148 Louisiana 10 134 South Carolina 15 107 Montana 1 94 West Virginia 1 92 Virginia 9 57 California 6 24 Arizona 1 15 Arkansas 2 10 Kansas 2 10 Illinois 2 7 Missouri 3 7 Alaska 1 5 Pennsylvania 1 5 New Mexico 1 3 Ohio 1 3 Nevada 1 2 Sub Total 360 (87%) 4303 (58%) USVI 7 794 Sub Total 7 (2%) 794 (11%) Venezuela 27 604 Paraguay 3 438 Brazil 2 479 Puerto Rico 4 324 Nicaragua 1 187 Australia 5 170 Panama 2 25 Canada 2 23 12 Argentina 1 9 Philippines 1 7 Dominican Rep 1 4 Sub Total 49 (12%) 2270 (31%) Total 416 7367 Table 15. Top Lifetime Breeders in Cattle Produced. Number Recorded Number Registered SCBA Member Breeder Number 8375 8122 Annaly Farms, St Croix, VI, 5 5258 4973 Castle Nugent Farms, St Croix, VI 1 2241 2241 Granard Estates, St Croix, VI 12 1881 1877 American Senepol Ltd, Harrogate, TN 1000006 1751 1671 R A Brown Ranch, Throckmorton, TX 100 978 712 Prime Rate Ranch, Miami, FL 1000715 787 778 Futral Farms, Griffin, GA 34 745 269 Ganadera 63 S.A., Miami, FL 1001942 735 670 Honey Bee Creek, Hampton, GA 1000028 704 688 5 T Ranches, Gainesville, FL 72 639 639 Brooksville Arc, Brooksville, FL 40 620 202 Kerr Center Inc, Poteau, OK 10265 535 529 Frits E. Lawaetz, St Croix, VI 7 497 493 Spur Headquarters Ranch, Spur, TX 1000036 468 453 Shady Bower Farm, Sonora, KY 1000068 458 347 Springside Farm, Versailles, KY 53 422 325 Parkers Senepol, Rogersville, AL 1000092 411 349 B Farms, Bowling Green, KY 114 389 389 Senepol A P Ltda, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil 1003325 327 313 Cross Creek, Gold Hill, NC 1000052 302 302 Century Oaks Farms, Somerset, KY 1000106 300 300 Michael M Alexander, Limestone, TN 1000055 290 256 Bar 51 Senepols, Fairland, OK 1000486 289 266 Bent Tree Cattle Co, Fort Payne, AL 10102 280 280 Lawson Senepol Farms, Speedwell, TN 1000040 269 269 Smith Farms, Cave City, KY 1000067 265 194 Telfair Farms, Bushnell, FL 1000010 261 172 Cedar Hill Farm, Jane Lew, WV 1000026 257 257 Dr Don Metz, Deer Park, TX 128