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Form No, 10-?06 (Rev. 10-74) • ; • n UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR FEDERAL PROPERTIES SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS V- ;*V*\ CITY. TOWN '""•• • "-"° 5 \- ; •••- - Hf .."-/TO. /STATE — ----——- - ^;y"%||.rgin Islands * IBIeLASSIFICATION • '-CATEGORY ' OWNERSHIP -DISTRICT . X_PUBLIC jjjj ^***- J __BUILDING(S) • —PRIVATE fjj • '•'. ' • _JSTRUCTURE - —BOTH j|Jj ;^^ ... ^-SITE- ; PUBLIC Acouismor ffl ••.^-OBJECT —IN PROCESS j---^-'?'/,-?: **" .'•"•_• . HI ; *» f*§vkll • f ' ^ —BEING CONSIDERED ^ :r -*iV«i':i/i iniii li''^'^ — --';; l^;^^AigENCY- ' B^ t REGIONAL HEADQUARTERS: (If applicable) If ^Southeast Regional Office, National >^. ' STREET& NUMBER S^ 1895 Phoenix Boulevard CITY. TOWN 1 Atlanta . . — _ VICINITY OF CODE 078 STATUS ^-OCCUPIED —UNOCCUPIED —WORK IN PROGRESS I ACCESSIBLE —YES: RESTRICTED X.YES: UNRESTRICTED —NO Park Service — VICINITY OF CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT COUNTY CODE St. John 0700 PRESENT USE —AGRICULTURE. —MUSEUM —COMMERCIAL "^-PARK —EDUCATIONAL —PRIVATE RESIDENCE _ ENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —MILITARY —OTHER: STATE Georgia 303^9 -LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC. Registry of Deeds Office of Lieutenant Governor Street, Government Hill CJTV.TOWN Amalie « St. Thomas STATE Virgin Islands 00801 1 REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE St. John Island, "The Quiet Place" Historic Resource Study "by Charles E. Hatch, Jr, DATE X-FEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY _LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS virgin isiands National Park CITY. TOWN STATE Virgin Islands Form >Np.'L'1$-300a .'fW'l6-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM J»8 CONTI NUATION SHEET_________________ITEM NUMBER 6____PAGE 1____________________ "Archeological Reconnaisance of the Island of St. John" Frederik W. Sleight, 1962. "Archeological Survey of St. John" Southeast Archeological Center, 1976. Following individual properties within the Virgin Islands National Park and National Park Service ownership have "been included in the Historic American Building Survey.: and Historic American Engineering Records ... : ..--:/..-;r.'". ::n ' ; - //:--^»CJ.V :".V~^^^ Historic American Building Survey: Sugar Factory, Estate Annaberg, Maho Bay Qtr. 1959 Wattle House, Reef Bay Estate, Reef Bay Qtr. 196l Sugar Factory, Estate Reef Bay, Reififef Bay Qtr. I960 Great House & Grounds, Estate Reef Bay, Reef Bay Qtr. 19f8 Service Buildings, Great House, Estate Reef Bay, Reef Bay Qtr. 1969 Windmill, Estate Annaberg, Maho Bay Qtr. 1962 Great House, Estate Mary Point, Maho Bay Qtr. 196U Windmill, Estate Hammer Farm, Cruz Bay 196U Cook House, Estate Annaberg, Maho Bay 196? Bake Oveftg Estate Annaberg, Maho Bay 196? Windmill, Estate Dennis Bay, Cruz Bay 196? Trunk Bay Sugar Factory, Cruz Bay Qtr. 1977 Cinnamon Bay Plantation, Maho Bay Qtr. 1977 form Np/1{fe3Qpa 5<llevt 10-74) •- UNITED STATES PEIMWMENT O£ NATIONAL PARK SERVICE a^HISTOTtlG PLAGES ^^H^A^ CQlSm NUATON gtife PAGE :g Afteri o a^ -/ S^am;:Esiiae & Cane; Garinder^, Sugar Fact ory', v 19TT> -Nati;onal es ^tliin ^^bhe, Virgin Is lands alional: Far> Mit :; not din ,, 'irif ^eo^i^^and strt^t^ f or- iiomina-bdren /t o :the fetldnal Register . > ^ ". , : ---.-; ; - ^ \ - Fort Tte^r^^aerri;^I'O]?t'bier g V -Goral Bay Qtr .; : :^^^ : 1^ ^ :V -:: ,^ ^ the ;ies: ^ii^e(l ^e£p^ inclmsi^ii ^are^Go^erad in:tnls in^tipl^;resci\^ - ; _-_- ."-.--? N^ OF i^a M-lv Sj^ryi^cj-fco^ : ^ : H^2 ^ carufc Say ^ry-y;: Gent er34^C^1IH^^^^S-5; . c,:::HOT^^^30^e ^ ; : /; V. •;-.: , >v -. -: '• ^ : ^:H-2^ v/fieetr/B^r^tr.v SoAitli Shore^:; ^ ;,v i : -. H?^L3 ^I^^Rte^-'Bay; Valley. :::^ ^;^y^;^1^ l^^rv^^ast side aeef ^ layC l?aliey, ^ Ifcl^ yHortli Shore MahO; Bay ^|c^llBay rStte ; ; . ^tt^^Sh<3K^ "i.-"-: -" -:- H-35 ^r^vibxtl^" No. Tp«3QOa 10-74)', -'_ - UNITED F PAR KStR VICE :^ : CQISITI NiU AT1ON Estate;" " ;" ; : = ^ Point; Gresit^Hsaser &: fa.ctorsr, Mah^ DESCRIPTION DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE SEE ATTACHED CONTINUATION SHEETS —EXCELLENT GOOD *** —FAIR CONDITION (ft* & & if— DETERIORATED IJl OA *»* RU|NS _UNEXPOSED CHECK ONE ^UNALTERED —ALTERED CHECK ONE —ORIGINAL SITE wnvFn HATF ;;-«V - :- -.-,--"-"---- ;FoJrm No. 1|)-30Qa U NJTEP STATES DEfARTMiBNT OF THE INTERIOR NiATlONAL^ARX SERVICE^A OFffiSfaRIG MACES --^l^A^tM**^^ CONTlNUATIN SH£ET ITEM KIJMBER PAGE Park includes ;&y8irt) acres Jof -thev ctntral^ sec^iifeof -:-_ St.^ Jonn, oiv jas^^xiniately" 3/5^ o^ th,e ; island and 5^50 acres^ of -subme3?ged lan<i.^nd off sliore *OGks^iattd eays, < St. .John has a steep and nigged topography , ^The ^e^entral ; east-wes¥ spinei^pf - the island r is es to elevations of more: than ^1200 feet above :- sea level; an less;;tl|an: a mile "f rom: the shoreline r . !Hiis- is ^ ;deeply; iMenteU with sheltered rbays backed "by ^white?an^bea;c^0 between crag^r cliffs and formtdatele ^cl^ projmb^ by deep y shaped valleys that terminate inASD^ll^pAivial plains -%ehiiid the more protected, tays . The climate > v is oceanie^and^ s^^^ temperature:of 80 Fahrenheit; --. "befween seas^m of ^ Fahrenheit . The park covered; "by a heavy vegetation, except for a f ew.- small areas niai;n^ained open / visitors; oisj&, or ' on ^ inholdings /f or >agricultu^ or gardening pferposes>; / ; : ^ "Ehe r ve}g|^at|0^:fy^ ; in the jto^nj|,ge^areas;:o£ the ; ^hi!J.sidis^%hroTagh anralJi^st ii^enet rat able dry forest and ^"bushv Jfeo : 7a-etectus scrub on ;the drier slopes of :the east ^ south and t the island:, r ; : ; , / ; ^ ^; : ^ : There aee ;no permanent lakes :orv streaS1^ o^;St . John, although ^everal of the inter mitt ent> ?s^r^aaas^that ; dj?ain the s hillsides : during heavy raitos retain fresh water year round vanC "behind the shoreline of most, of the; vai^eys^th^re^a^ with ' ;. 1 - ",-. .- form Ho. 1£)-30Qa ; UNITED S^ATEST^ARTMENTOF THtiNTERIQR .-.- - NATIONALPARK SERVICE KATIONALREGI^ll^fflSTQRlG PIECES FO& ft 1981 CO^TlNUATiOIStSHEJET; ITEM DUMBER 7 With tKe existij% vv-egetativei cover ttoe imostL prominent mes^-ifia^ef^ Park la^dsc ipe:aie^he roads ;sin^^t^ ^ establisaexi In tlie l8th century and. tlae^ruins of foriner plantations .> ; In ; 3.726 ^ ^gi pla^t^bion lots : irere listed:, for St . John . £&tut half; bf these were claims th^h^^either^otlseeii developed o : SeventjMiwb C?2) years later the P.Ir* QxhlflM map records 68 plantations outside the villages of Gruz and Coral Bay , "-: Of these y ^ ^re^within the eststblished Park Boundary . At there are vl*6 Krtoim liistoric properties within the Park "boundaries ; 31 of these are on Park pr^perty^ with a total of- 036 classified structures. 17 classified -.". ^structures are ;still roofed or have retained vestiges; of roofing and :_ $ are ; =maintainedr in use. All other s/are in^airi mas pmy walls standing it o^ful,l height, to "barely discernilDle traces of /footings. All ;these are def inedvasf structures Tby ^the ; National Park Service;M8tnagemeirt^^^ : ^ Ihe .mos-fe %conspicuous in tenns:, 6f^ volume; and: size i are the :reinains of the ; Sugar ^ / ^ Plant aticjnsv j" These ; xa^ found in the rareas of higher ' preeiprtation along ^&&^ - ~- " - " ~ *^ -~ -'":"- " ~^ --_"__ " . "" " - '_ - - -._-- --.--_--- :ri4ges ^aai the^north coast and in, r the valleys of the south coast -where drainage from;tne>M conditions : for / sugar : cane;* prominent a,re i the ;ioore -modest f acilities; required for cultivation of cotton ': raising; of iivestock^located in the drier areas to the^east and south, ;!Kie remains of public "buildings \: schoolsy ._ customhouses and vthe singlev fortification on park property., an earthwork "batteryj are due t^ot^i^^^^sst^sizea equally : Form No, 1p-300a " UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOFTHETOTERIQR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE - OFfflSTOI^CBLA€ES INVENTOR Y^^MdlM^ GONTI NUAT1 QJSt SHE ET v : : ITEM MUMSER T PAGE Chtarches and > import ant "- governinent buildings are in or ^^diately adjoining the villages : f A Criaz^^and;0oral Bay oiatside the Park boundaries. ^ ; > ; '_.' During the l8th: awod ^9tli ; century ^jhen St> John was iniienselyi.cmitivated Tsot^ clustered ^uiiaarngs oi^^ the plantations and ^the indivldiial structures : wre- pro- minettt J^aliiarersr^n^ a stretched^ up over the surrjDun^ng: hillsides Jintersper^ : on ": terrain uns^tatle f or cultivat ioh^ due to it s steepness * poor -vrat er retention or soilv /These^larm center s";;were ^scattered throughout what is n^ the park from; 1/5 of ;a .mile to 3/^ of a mile ; apart. {Bee at^ched:eopy -of P.i.0xholm With the: eoila^s.e Of ; the plantation econoiBy and the resulting ^slaekeniiig of agrieulturai activity ^and decrease; in population the; fields gradualiy, during, the late^th^and/early 20th ^centuries reverted W a; na^ir^3r^owth; of bush and forest ^ifth^^oif^s^nBU :The Virgin Mslaftds Rational Park has^ now -ja; seniblance :,b^, p^^ wooded island: des cribed byf eaTly "Europeaja: explorers^ of ^^Q : West Indies;. ;> / - ; - , . -: -;> .---."- A few historic' bulMings^ size, : - location on" a :> -iMotighf are or ^continued use: still have :a- high ,vis;iWlity- such r -. - / - as Annaberg , :\teriea Hill> Bee^Ea^r Great House , Hainmer J'am^ OMink, & ; \ "Bay and: Laiaesh^r. 0thers y such a,s Reef ;Bay factory and Lind Point Fort, that: haye heen reached in an ^area ; of :;developin& forest. HO sttc^ssrtfstipa -j-B^l^o >^sb X^P^QP^/^^^^^^sj^^^^^ >SD^ ^P" s^ ^ :^^ aq ^piti^^;rj£r^ B T UT i£= asvd i -^^Ma^ii ftifiito^^ Form Npr UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THEiNTERlQR PARK SERVICE ; W^ffSTQWGPlACES ^QI^ATBQ?} FORM ITEM DUMBER --PAGE Jt ;is a§|ia^^=£rQm traces; In: standiiig'reaiiains alone^ ^Ixat design cpnsideratiQn esctended ^bo f actdrlesv mills , Service ^uildings^W others utilit^rean There; is .plantation Hsltes ; as; weir as i "be; ^ n the extent and cofflplexityjofj the differeHt - s^ale of their lDT*3jl§^ can century are in : general^ smaller^ than those In ear3^;suga^"fa;ctorles the varioxts functions of the sugar and rum production :-":" : ; -^^^^^^PVV'-^VVV:-;^--;;.:^.-"-.-" "; :"^'"-,-'"V-K,: :x;:^?:^^V-V-;;"^"" >,^ smeh ^^r^^'^i-i^M^^fi^^:.^:^^ ctiringv-disti,llingv; etc,» are^often housei;ah sepeTate o^ie/ story Miid;Lni^^i^ i^ tury: examples vbhese different ;i^ncii ns;jcajiis ^under Tine roof and; the factor te s - :- si2e;;and in^^i^ three a cc^aretble :; expansion .in : size of : the; anciXiary Jmildings v ^ : can he v made-f or Tthe (ireat house^and ^ ^the ^aore; aTT^ v John fflost often of ^7ood>: stoo$ on a:raised;platform or a ftill and Exposed story/ ^and was Tir eached;-t>y:: often; elator at e; :and impr es sive /.exterior masoiiry _ staircases ^ ;^ennis^lay) , ; Gj^ns- and= more ^modest dvellings^ oh the ^ther liand did not ha^eT^a- eo^respondin^ d^^ ceil- ; ; -tcury ess^eMiap3^r Ta ^ room, "one> story "building raised: niy^slig^t^r above the:; > ; surrounding; 10-300a --. -".-- -": ^ ^ : :: ~ OF a^a- 1^ up? 9? ^n^r^^^^j'ictes ^erj ;f i?affl mgr 4oors, .a^^itidpv openings , ^areiaeSj i^iioteiiSg of co^ners^sL^ ing^ : > -- ". Hot ^^^ol^n; ?y};^ JohnAarc^^ec^J^is ^the : ^ise; of = of ^^:^!i&d^^it(i^ ^or^ f raining of >ppeniiigSL anar ^upinings of and; Wsfc^^clai^n? n^ peerd-"Q?-ay >^ glazeeL a^r^ga^^^ ^StM onV ao-t tiniisiaa^as^t^^^ froin : ? i!^ '-:^:- > :-.-^-;;?^v: ^-V":" :-\^"-^"^ only in cattns:;«^: ^tnie^s aiCto pf ^an^ esEr 3^_ date . Witliih M^lre pa^rfe ; this V ^h^tr:\i^ion ; Judging ;^o^^3^^oi^ type of ; ; J-. S ^^^ ._.... ifi fla.iiv "Hie ^ i^^ " of ifl-30oa >; . ;..: -:; - ; UNITED STATES DEPARTMEHST OF NATIONAL PARK ^ ITEMJSJ UMBER 7 PAGE the ma^ge^s^ in a fetf^ln^^ne^ it ^s reito^ on higher ;girQ^u^overloold.ngt^ /; r cotton -and livestock; plantations t^^^doJjB not seem.-to "be affixed pattern to : L the .placement ">pf- the ;dif f ertnt; facilities . On sugar plantations , however , the horsemill janja^ndfflill; where :the; latter: occurs » is placed: on higher ground^thanV -"-; the factory ;^r:^|^sed >y earthworks -in flat terrain. ; :"1^ ^agasev sheds are placeeL ' ^ in close proximity^ to > "both the r^a.1 ;and: the factory and ^he stili Mth it& jciste:rn is :el1^er^^^%^ so-called --vilil^age" ^was^ piaced^n^i ttt^periphery of the^production center but ;^ , --- -^ mthoui; any ^specif ie: relation ^ to- the othierlDuildijigsiQ ^ ; r On flat- ground ; th<r cabins^ were laid: put^ in a grid and on Steeper terrain in :s,- pattern Jdictatiedchy^ the -contours of the land. Most;plantatibn .^sitea: also included; an vorc^iard a^|a;;|>lot; f or raising ^getables , Landscajped fyard^aro^ind :1ihe ::Great -'. Itouses^s^eia^^ (Dennis Bayy: Reef; Ba^j:ll.a^ ; -v v : Of the 3l;^i^t^ic sti^tur^s;;^ is a forti- f ieati&n,: : 14- :are ?£lantatipns ^ to ^ugar^oduetion, j(J.4 s^rvte^^^ sugar arid: cpttort ^»roduetioh-v( ^3?&npwn : structures JV ^ are plantations that: e^lus^ struc- tures i-,V -2 /are ^elf--contained . ;JSreathouses til structures J^ 1 is a custont guard- house Vl;ls>;J,^u^|i^aiace^ s Np. 1|>-3Qda : ? ; ? :- i: v - ":;--/" UNITED STATES CfeBARTMENT OF THE M&fSK$ 3ai K^198l OE HTSTQapM^OES --^JiflJ^M^ (TgM NUMBER f PAGE Mojst :of v%ne:IIis^ ri(> ]^stri^ assumed; to- iDe^poJbe^tal;^ hist^oric ;arcKeology properties^. ^In, the\prpcess^of sta- ^iU^slng^ ttee;ru|]is - of Anna^erg:; Sugar ^Factory ancL-Reef Bay Faetjory in the:;late-> 50feies.-arid-^arg^jlcitif s ,V a num'ber of tools, impleiaeAts; and:-other- artifacts, were salyage;djand,: r^aordeA, in rbn^pr;oxjess;;of. removing: SUJT^ ,seyera%,sifea fcaire a quantity,of surface".-fragment of ippttery, .glass^and ;x^^ ; - -^ :; Ifeen! ^no attempt -towards; ^a ; 33^ eiWiGarcneolog^cal .Resting of liistorie pr^e^^esvSTab-sur^faee^ ~'-at -salvage archeolo^; or\for;^peelmen collection, ; $nv^ - ; ,v , : ; ; - ; - : :^^:XVK r - : ^ Nat^nal>Park, ^Chey: ^rere; directed towards collectinf = inf ormation f o> t ; the^NatdlonalV ^^ J-n: /the;; owftefcshi^jo^^Iie i lUationaa. Servicev ^^e7 su^eys^ere^^ " UNITED STATES DE^i^TlVUiNT OF THE INTER1QR NATIONA4 PARHtSERVfCE v 1M^ ITEJVI NUMBER %--'-._ PAGE ia Prior ^(C>;fl,^iCrsurv(^s^ of known ; existing maps of :St . Jphn from; P . ! . 03diG>M" ^saa^ejf of 1T80 , Iv-fchivu ^fee ; Coast and Geodetic purvey of" 1929 > v|hd^othe riaf or^4^i^^^^latbl^i i?i ^je^rfa^^S^vdi^vffientary sources v .^11 ^areasi of the -Parlt a^ceas^^^^a^k Service p^sprai$i /were visited: and su^^Mrjeas^ iiidiiate<t ori - Biaps or; referred; ^ sc^rutinized^ v i* alt^ cated-^ites;iaot includedviiiiprjeviously prepared^ surveys vaiad^eiiLalns p^.eyery^iiei^i^ed structure ^ "No ^ub-siirf ace ;§es^n^>^as; conduct ed: of ;^ for a; otlier mearts . . -. ; I SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD —PREHISTORIC — 1400-1499 — 1500-1599 — 1600-1699 ^1700-1799 —X1 800-1899 —X1900- AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE-CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW -ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC -XARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC -XAGRICULTURE -^ARCHITECTURE -ART _COMMERCE '—COMMUNICATIONS ' ~ _COMMUNITY PLANNING —CONSERVATION —ECONOMICS ^.EDUCATION ^.ENGINEERING —EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT —INDUSTRY ''•'','• —INVENTION —LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _LAW —LITERATURE ^MILITARY —MUSIC —PHILOSOPHY _POLltlCS/GOVERNMENT — RELIGION —SCIENCE —SCULPTURE —SOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN —THEATER —TRANSPORTATION _OTHER BUILDER/ARCHITECT STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE SEE ATTACHED CONTINUATION- SHEETS No. UttlTED STATES OPTHE SERVICE: - CONtlNUAtlON SHEET REM ;NUMSER 8 PAGE > I .;;:::,.: : X: , iee;6f tlie ^s^oric ^d a^ ark lies in = tae^ xjompleteiies s of their ^esenta^^n of -rural" and 19tn century ^laniat ion vs^ nigh ; impressive >size; as well as modest ones-withbutr preten-- J1^ J^^iM^ 1^ ;: Tliey reflect the variety and^ jjie^|li%ies^^;the; ; the eeonomi /m^^stay of a^^af fluent -an3l stecpmplisned; West India sugar jcolbny. : :: ; > : ^ .".'.---"-"; ."----- ; \ "-"-; ---. -";... ;V - -.- \ : "-'-" : V :v v : \ '':'-- "'• ,-~ '•: to the>/West> -irtifc-a ^entury ear^ : the ^^X5ovei?y/l^^^;y^ St .^ John was claimed ^ turn \by Spaing Holland, /England and Denmarfc> it; did not -hpwever European sett leE^ht :>unt il 1T19 when it was; colonized. ••'-££ -the -:._ in/iT33 wasXt^ the Mother^, Gountry with as an la^ sizable- eiapi^fcih^^ slowed tenrgppa^y ly tne; nearly suc^es;slk:^ "became -.* ^eroins^eqlony the devetopiae^t^aeeelera^ ITS ; t^v greater; part of the island was under cultivations : .v ;, . ; : : r : No. UMTTEP STATES OK THE INTERIOR ; :> i SH 6T soil ; viable trade of . v^ In systejoi n cane ]ihto :the and ^cultural ^ shlf 1:edr to] siiggi^^artd,? in ^the ^dryeri v" I vsf^e ^l^tive ^r^IM,ty of the ^,Q^ ;f o:r - s^gar^eigained; high . ^Wi^; ^ems^s^boliti^on ?o^ V^ , ^ tlie ^.aKta^i^n^^CGncpy-ol St > ;:OT^^eGame ;inarginal^ , ^By tKe stind^an groiKners; o£ ^otgar and cotton hjad to > conrE^^ for the - :ai^ of lo;th sugar ^and ^ ojotton^ coiild ;/ pr<5duction of the European^ St^gar ."-,-" - -- - : , '_--' "',-_'• -.-.'.---. -- -- _ . "--" ." -.-'-".- -~- 7'- ' -- : - - T ' "- - "U , V"-- the plantation ^ few plantations Roistered: ^^ ?^d-liv0sto : ; on^ tracts of c^ti;v|i3^ i«s^^ , ^ a^ b area; in-^ :, fiands. ]^ : " .--_; From tlie::earli]ist ^ days^ o-f St^ jrettlement to i^fche collapse; of the sugar UN ITED STATES^pEPAKTNtE« OFTHETNTERKm NATION^UPARK SERVICE f 8 1981 ORIffiSTeRIG PLAGES ISjX>i^^ CO NTI N U ATI JEXN SHEET ; - ; "''. V ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE^ ; f iigures ^ln ^£e ^ Danish ^stin,di<es^ ^qitiired prp^ertiies: qrt; St -V/ Johnv \Goire3^nor^Erie7lredai; vho iaceompILlshg^ ^&§ acigipsition ;pf St . *John in the f ace :of -English -opposition the^p3.antati0rE:na^ fenoto as^ JLlElS|)er^noe ^(H^-5). Frederik iSuhnf^whxj governor ^ of Stv^rTh^aas-St .- John in :lT2fe-2T and; later ."became the first o^ St . C^oi^^i^^then; th owned 3 plimtati^h^ 19th century 'w^b acquire^ h^ Henrik 3erg who also ^wned, Mary Pbint^ - iH-^3&) ,^Jps;sie^Gijt> (H-lii-) , and; leinster^ Bay. MoWe distin^ished^fl t he V.I* ac(|mired^i^antatioiis -o^ as , Gouht ^!Erne^vSchiimiielmann vhoof or; ifeYeral- decadeC during:the; late 18th centiiry : ser^e^a&i the Prime of the United- IliiigdOB^ ;6f Denma^^p>rway and vas respdnsifele for Denraarltsi ? abolition -of the ^slave-abrade in r If92> r; ; ;^ V J ; ; ; ; ; ; : " event ;ln the^history, of St^^Iohnas^l^ sla^re ^ executed action Jnea^^jTlr^ve out^ European,:sett>Lers ;of ; St , John . ^Fort- Frederiksvaerri on ;Foit'berg Hill , Cinnaiijn Bay P4.anj^iron^^aiieel' Bay (then- ealled: Burloo Bay )/ and Leihsteri Bay Point the Park "boun^aMes are;:all a^sbciate-d W the revolt. GinnaSon" Bay : (H-25^ is on Paris ;property . It? pwner \-9 EanieX, of ;;thg fCiVil Guard witfrhisi fataily and his ldyal^slai^sV:;iWe^^ against the re^o^l^ionariesa^o ad^anee^ suf ^ciently to allow tives toreaeh; safety a;tC^ J lll£jf^ ISl^fifl^^ SHEET \TEIWJWBER '-8 - The uprisfeg* shdcOs the of final staged f brciee.r In 'its aftermath it: also the the legi^ : agr:icfUltural,^pr^ ^l8th and: 19th century cotton^anck sugar .plantations are evidenced^ oby:(the^plan orgarii Ration of; their buildings , the remains of terracing ^ the vstol^ ^a^,^eld ^QuM ihe ; differences Between/ a^ early Jrugar^f aetor^ complex ~- l^l£C^i-nhaE n rBay -With: ^ts\ -_".;,: buildings ?^f or each r j>hase ;:in 'the: processing of tlae^ agricultural product ^ l^ lih^" ii^r^; cbira^ ^ factory cbngfle^ ^of Be^ef Bay illustrates a, trend ^ofr the ". agricujLttotiL development >S elsewhere 9 the danljed^up^ stream and aqu&ducts ^at^itossie^Gut and, Aijna"berg ;£Qfl iig: others; p^ terratn and^ climatic^ conditions of ah as ; not ^a^ailable; ^and wher e 'the eol3^^dn ^ and: s tdragfr : of en^re;: a'gr3ieultural process,- -:; ; v v - --^ •'•:-. \ -"--; Vl-x: The" great not : previously , incluitie^an^g.;tii^^e^1:ural;r^ constru^c^on^^thods 9 -material use ^v^planj^ypes and\'bu|jlding ;' . entire; Virgin Islsjids . As st atep of the existing ; remains are modest T^h; in7 s^cjale riand arcMtecturar a^ areJexaiBples -. of : arj3hitsctur^suffli as ^Reef Bay ' s;)3f3?-^^^TL-p;F.T:^ifei:^^ip-ii: i^iiaj^iiyAftit^ ^do^^lJ^^-^W '^^^^i^^my- ' ^Dl^all!^ KTEM NUl^BEB :8 '/-..': PA6E:. of Tfi-fehln tto :Par ;-.ij; eomp^:t^,r;f ^la^ton " of .V » 1^ a monument ^tp| tfeer regulart ions 'the Virgin ^ Is^ands^ ; ::f qr^it a" time^ aV neaisty i-evolirtioniarjr msasm-ig . v ^& ^s intenifed; wiih P^e^^egi^latip^^or^ soeial-ref oms to give' f\ilu^e1;genetapBns^ of ; "fcaaeks; to ^ envisloiaed^ i^rpveigsnt ;o est^ ^re"served^ Bii:d 19th ^entUKy- stesm Form No. --Ttov7'ip-74r .-.. ". :-;-".- ^ UNITED STATES ' "NATIOlNAL PARK SERVICE INVENTORY f-ijScgfil^^ CONTrNUATlQN §HE£T ; ITEM NUMBER 8 : : - Antilles ;but -tfoe/Iteef Bay Factory installat ion is ;the onl.y bnexthat lias retained all its ";; parts ^till iiiiPlftKe and; thereby is recognized as a, key reference for tfee iexplanation7 and . "better under standing vpf, other incomplete inst allations Historic properties on St * Johti that have "been out of use for many years> have / several feet of aecumulated defer is; cover ing floor pavement s, st eps , "billing r benches:, '• drains and other features important to the understanding of the "buildings. functions;, others have areas ^tfith great ; surf ace quantities of glass s pottery and fr^nfents indie at ive^of ^extensive periods of Steupationv \ f ; L'Esperajice "plantatlonr is an example of the former and Rustenberg South of the iatter.- They and similar properties, are considered^ pptential= historic areheo-- '._ :logp&alL sirtes ;as; is Jlnnamon: 3ay ; ; BfAnt^tion ^ where TDea^ erosion ^as; uncover e4: "-_ a pbst cbliambian: cemetery. Some salvage|lt [archeology tea fee e^earried; put inv past ^ years; "btrt th% limits of ;the aemetery;;has : never "been esliablished^ and it is assumed to extend.^ "beyond, the area affected "by the^ erosion. " -; .->- , : . ^ ; ".".:_ rupiS: of Annabergy Hammerv Farm and Ginnamon: Bay:Plantation ;and the^fprt at I^id^oint/have been cleared^of vegetation and stabilized to provide a degreeV of protection; against further deterioration» The\ worls har beeff limited to masonry repair of standing -walls. M Beef B^cJac^ory;preservation; efforts lia^ also included aflight-veight modern roof as essential to the :protection of; the riaaeh- ; inery and other ;features of the^interior and at Reefr^ay/Cireat House fish plates and tie^rods have been installed income of: the walls to increase^ structural ^Forrh UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE " FOB ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE T stability of ; the standing remains. > giu^ljir nreasu^ for Trunk ^^^icjbo;]^ "an^. Mary Point Great House and preservation trorfc is schedule for ^eriea^^^r:lE^i^slmre and Brown Bay Plantations ;sites. ^IBiere: has \leen ^nov^V restoration ; of -"buildings within the. Virgin^ Islands National Park and none ar e ^ : envisioned. v : ^ : - Without exeeption^ all /plantation sites ^have several; interrelated structures: ^Drnin;g districts :of varying acreage:dependent on\the: size and degree of the plantations historic development* ^ Certain properties are limited to \- single struGtures, such as Annaterg School and ;has "been jLneluded;vas individual sites i^ the^n^nination. - V : : : "_-.;- - ^ -. The criteriarf'or the selection of the; 19 properties included in this and - previous nominations oirb^f the 31 known properties within the park in the: Nat tonal Park Service; ownership^ has Tseen mader onvthe relative integrity of the sitesV ^fcheX Condition of ^the -reijiains and how> well "they; represent the; dif f ereiit:aspects r qf. St. John's-historic development y ; ",.-: : ; ; i v L" X "; ;"--. Tne twelve^ (12!)r^ Islands national Park in U.S. Go- " yernment Vownership;;not fnominated 'are" the districts of Sielijen Plantation ;(H-10):, Mollendal Plantation j(H-ll) ^ Genti" Bay (^12), Paguerau Plantation (H-l6), Par Force Factory (H*l§), Hope Plantation (H-19)» Bordeaux felantation-:¥est (H-20^, Bordeaux Plantation East (H-21)vv and Johnny;Hern ^Base Hill) (H-3^ , and the : individual ^projferties of Lameshur School (H-23) , Mary Point Custom >Guar<i; House -\'-/-. UN!TED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE! NTER1OR NATIONAL PARKSERViCE ; ^ : RE6JmsJE»^FIpSTOMG^PtAeES ^NONfJ^VTO^C3^ GQNTiNUATIQN SHRET^ % j- / ITEM NUMgER 8 PAGE ^ 8 of ^the^ in size aiid^^excieptional in layout, nd^in ^architectijral ^aHt^/ None of th^ evints" or^^ersjons formative fo Virgin^ Islands; history ^td,th, the exception: of eh^o^;an4r^Ma^ House .ajidvtne^remains ,: of thes^e two . eontistsvof ^ga-d^r :discerni'ble footings chare t er. :\: :;; ; Tnree piropert thru modern:, i^rusion:.;hel)u ^f l Bordeau^ Bla^t^^ ^leveled ^wh^n -fcfee pulDlic^^road:. m from itSr origin^J. va^gni^^ to^its present location -6ver^ the proper.; - ^> ^ " '•_.'-'• ; ; v ^ ; ^ - 'v - ' - -^- - -: JThe ;Mollenda,l^.arid Jphn^- Hern rsites? have been occupied ^til^fal^ /the remains: of ;modern :'t)uCl.di^s^fc^ from ;tiae ^priginjll ones* : v :: --";,--. "v-- : - : : - " ^- C^ritte^; cerniTDle ^above^^round -and^ S4;e)Den,-^enti Bay ,: Par Force^and: Ho^e^^a^its^ons; sites >have ^ thro^ighv;inlft)ads <>f vegetationj deeades of j^arrya.ngv^%iilding^ materials &£&: other ^anda^ism-lost^theiryinte^ howevery have^^been^ reGorded "andv included; in the Parks^ fmrentory ;of :- eiassif iedr^ structures. ; :^ -. . -I ;; -.- "":;. _ : -"/"-v "-", : V /: _ ; .; : -: - :v- V-'-" -- : '--,-.,---- / // "-;-.- Fp?m'No. (frev. 10-74) U NITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL/PARK SERVICE OF fflSTORlG PLAGES INVENTORY---NOMINAHON FORM B 1981 M CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 8 : :"i There are lU. known " : Historic Districts on inholdings within tlie Virgin Islands ^ : National Park and one ^individual ;building> These are not open to the public : , or accessible to the National Park Service except for Ganeel 1 Bay (historically Durloo Bay) and have therefore not teen included in this multiple resource nomination, Seven -(?) of tne^e-Gane:el Ba^ Pi|ntat ion (E->6) , Susannaberg Plantation (H-T) » : Adrian Plant at ion (H-8);, G^ens Point Custom Guard House (H-9) 9 Leinster Bay P3.an- station (H-29:), "Frederiksdal & Mount Pleasant (H-l-H ) -,--. Fort Frederifcsvaern & Battery of FortTDerg (H-^U) , and the'Gustoms Guard House-Whistling Cay (fi-^T) appear ^ to r be sites qualifying for nomination to the National Register 'for their historical associations and .their integrity. As previously stated (6-pg.|^/2 of these Fort -^^^^^^^^^sFortberg^ Coral Bay Qtr. s and Whist ling^ Cay Customs -Guard House, Maho Bay Qtr. have been nominate^, to the National Register "by the State Preservation Officer Mr ^Thomas Blake. The remaining five (5) sites will be nominated as they are acquired by :the :National Park- Service or on the initiative of the s State Pre servation Of fioer ifor ^ the 'Virgin Islands,, , ;: ; ;: No properties generally exempted fr om /listing in the National I^ter hav^ been included in the nominati oh except for cemeteries that, are an intjegral part of a nominated district, - -.- : ; - - The inf ormation :gathered; in the- survey^and inventory process has ^e^ integrated ^ \into both the General Management Plan and the Historic Resource Management Plan of the ^Virgin Islands National Park . i It has also been included in the Environmental Impact Statement on the various sites prepared for Solid Waste -Disposal. IMAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES ^GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY UTMREFERENCES No UTM references on any published maps of the U.S. Virginllslands A| . I ZONE c| __ | II , 1 , i 1 EASTING i 1 , 1 , , 1 1 . 1 . 1 . . 1 NORTHING 1 , 1 , 1 , , i Bl . | ZONE Dl • 1 1 ! , LL EASTING 1 1 ' 1 1 _i_J [ . 1 . L NORTHING , 1 1 . I . |_ i * i i VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION The multiple resource study area boundaries coincide with the boundaries of the Virgin Islands National Park .Historical and architectural resources on privately held land within the Park, however have not been included in this nomination as these inholdings are not generally accessible to the National Park Service. Th boundaries of the Virgin Islands National Pa^k includes ail'b'ftlie North Shore of St. JTohn between Eittle Cruz Bay to the west and Precket Bay to the (SEE LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES, STATE CODE COUNTY CODf STATE CODE COUNTY CODE v-£ FORM PREPARED BY NAME/TITLE _______Frederik C. Gjessing August 2. 10.78 ORGANIZATION DATE Virgin Islands National Park STREET & NUMBER p. a. BOX 806 ' TELEPHONE' St. Thomas CITY OR TOWN STATE U.S. Virgin Islands 00801 CERTIFICATION OF NOMINATION STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER RECOMMENDATI YES_/_ NO NONE ERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE In compliance with Executive Order 11593,1 hereby nominate this property to the National Register, certifying that the State Historic Preservation Officer has been allowed SCUJays irrvahich to^present thejnolrnination to the State Review Board and to evaluate its significance. The evaluated level <^s\grff\c FEDERAL REPRESENTATIVE SJ&NATU RE < * V ;• K ' '•' *•"' (Hev 10-74} UNii tD STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ['ix.r^i US£ ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED I1JN --Q 1QQ1 J «l o o DATE ENTERED W~ C*3 INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER Q PAGE MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES: Copies of Plantation listings, tax assessments and court records in the library of the Virgin Islands National Park and the Office of the Recorder of Deeds, Lt. Governor f s Office, V.I.Government, Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas Virgin -Islands. Back issues of ST. THOMAE TIDENDE and THE WESTINDIAN GOVERNMENT; GAZETTE: (19th & 18th century newspapers), Public Library, Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands. P.L. Oxholm, Surveyor and Building Inspector of the Danish West Indies Government, Survey of St. John, 1780, Rigsarkivet, Copenhagen, Denmark. . P.L. Oxholm, Colonel of the Infantry, Charte of Den Danske 0 St. Jan i America, 1800, Publisher: G.N. Angelo, Copenhagen, Denmark Johannes Br^nsed, Vore Gamle Tropekolonier, 1953, Publisher: Westermann. Copenhagen, Denmark. Kay Larsen, "Guven^rer, Residenter, Kommandanter og Chefer i de tidligere Danske Tropokolonier, 19^0, Publisher: Arthur Jensen, Copenhagen, . Denmark H. Lawetz, Peter V. Scholten, 1940, Publisher: Glyden Dalske Boghandel, Nordisk Forlag, Copenhagen, Denmark I 'Waldemar Westergaard, The Danish West Indies 1671-1917, 1917, The Macmillan j ' i Company, New York, N.Y. f Form No. 10-300a (A'ev.'l6-74> UNITtD STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED MJN g 1901 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM FOR NFS USE ONLY CONTI NUATION SHEET ____________ITEM NUMBER 10 PAGE I____________________ 10 cont. ...east with adjoining cays and offshore submerged lands. At Precket Bay the "boundary cuts across the narrow point of land called Haulover and then follows the shoreline of Coral Bay in a westerly direction to a point on the shoreline 500 yards west of Fortberg Hill, where the "boundary cuts inland in a northernly direction for approximately 1000 yards and then turns westerly to the "base of Kinghill. From this point the boundary turns south for 600 yards and then east and southeast following a line roughly parallel to the eastshore of St. John approximately 500 yards inland. South-west of Nanny Point the boundary cuts due east to the north end of Drunk Bay. From here the eastshore to Rams Head '-*** and the southshore west to Fish Bay with the adjoining submerged lands are included in the multiple resource area. At Fish Bay the boundary cuts inland in a easterly direction for 300 yards then northernly to the south boundary of Adrian Estate and then westerly to the north end of Little Cruz Bay and the starting point. The principal inholdings are on the west coast Caneel Bay Plantation; on the north coast, the Gibney property on Hawknest Bay and the Hartman property on Peter Bay & Maho Bay and Leinster Bay Estates; on the east coast the Z&tifceS^aal Palestina and Fortberg Hill properties; on the south coast parts of Mandal and Fish Bay Estates; and inland Estates Susannaberg & Adrian in Cruz Bay Quarter and the uphill sections of Carolina Estate in Coral Bay §tr. The-total area of all inholdings is 2,189 acres. Name State Multiple Resource Area Thematic Group Virgin Islands NationaTTark Multiple Resource Area dnr-11 VI Nomination Type of Review - 1. Brown Bay Plantation Historic District- -2. Rustenberg Plantation South Hist. Dist.- =3. Dennis Bay Hist. Dist. x4. More Hill Hist. Dist. ^ s 5. Hermitage Plantation Hist; Dist. * -6. Annaberg Hist. Dist. ^ 7 America Hill Hist. Dist. VS.- Reef Bay Great House Hist. Dist. - v-g. Reef Bay Sugar Factory Hist. Dist. - - 10. Jossie Gut Hist. Dist. V _yll. L'Esperance Hist. Dist. - ^ 12. Lind Point Fort / _ yj34 Liever Marches Bay^Hist. Dist. ^ '14. Cathrineberg-Jockumsdahl-Herman Farm _f +r Cinnamon Bay Plantation v _ i!6. Lameshur Plantation ^17, Mary Point Estate - l% t Annaberg School ^19. Trun^ Bay Sugar Factory ^ 20. 21. - 22. 23. 24. Decision X? 7 ' previously listed 3-30-7& Previously listed 7-11-78 Previously listed 6-23-78 Previously listed 5-22-78